1st DEC. 2009

AIDS AWARENESS DAY

GOVT. COLLEGE ARONMADHYA PRADESH

CELEBRATES

1st DEC. 2009AIDS AWARENES DAY

'Universal Access and Human Rights'

Messages

Prof. V S Meena Prof. B S Jayant

Dr. R C Chauhan

Dr. Yogendra B S Tomar

Anil KumarVerma

Messages

Dheeraj AgrawalShiv Nandan Yadav

Sona Raghuvanshi

Messages

Sushama Mudgal Sunil soni

Messages

Messages

Dr.P Joshi Prof. M Paraste

Intro: Theme song

Bhanu kumar B.Sc I Sem

Aao Baat Karen

'Universal Access and Human Rights

Is HIV and AIDS the same thing?

HIV “Human Immunodeficiency

Syndrome” A specific type of virus (a

retrovirus) HIV invades the helper T cells to

replicate itself. No Cure

AIDS Acquired Immunodeficiency

Syndrome HIV is the virus that causes AIDS Disease limits the body’s ability to

fight infection A person with AIDS has a very weak

immune system No Cure

Symptoms

Sangeeta RaoB.Sc-I Sem

AIDS KI BAATSABKE SATH

Four Stages of HIV

Stage 1 - Primary Short, flu-like illness - occurs one

to six weeks after infection no symptoms at all Infected person can infect other

people

Stage 2 - Asymptomatic

Lasts for an average of ten years This stage is free from symptoms There may be swollen glands The level of HIV in the blood drops to

very low levels HIV antibodies are detectable in the

blood

Stage 3 - Symptomatic

The symptoms are mild The immune system deteriorates emergence of opportunistic

infections and cancers

Stage 4 - HIV AIDS

The immune system weakens

The illnesses become more severe leading to an AIDS diagnosis

Symptoms Pulmonary Infection: Pneumocistis jirovecii (AIDS)

T B

Gastrointestinal infections

Unexplained chronic diarrhea (Salmonella, Shigella, Listeria or

Campylobacter

Neurological and psychiatric involvement

Toxoplasmosis is a disease caused by the single-celled parasite called Toxoplasma gondii

AIDS dementia complex (ADC) is a metabolic encephalopathy induced by HIV infection

Progressive multifocal ukoencephalopathy demyelinating disease

CANCER Kaposi's sarcoma (KS Burkitt's lymphoma

HIV/AIDS Transmission

Bhanu KumarB.Sc I sem

Jankari FailayenAids se Bachayen

Modes of HIV/AIDS Transmission

Transmission of AIDS There are two types of HIV virus,

i.e. HIV-1 and HIV-2. HIV-1 is present all over the world

and in India more than 80% people are affected by it. HIV-2 is mainly found in Africa and also presents in India

Once in body, HIV attacks CD4 type of White Blood Cells (WBCs) in blood and gradually kills them

These CD4 type of WBC helps us to fight against various infections. 

Sexual Transmission

Transfusion of infected blood or blood products

Infected mother to her baby during pregnancy, birth process and through breast – feeding

Use of infected needles and instruments without sterilization or sharing of needles and syringes by HIV drug addicts

Tattoos / piercing

HIV in Body Fluids

Semen11,000 Vaginal

Fluid7,000

Blood18,000

Amniotic Fluid4,000 Saliva

1

Average number of HIV particles in 1 ml of these body fluids

HOW HIV IS NOT TRANSMITTED

Embarrassing or kissing (social)

Touching hand shaking or hugging

Sharing bathroom or toilet

Coughing, saliva or sneezing Eating together or sharing utensils Swimming pools

Mosquito bite, Insect bite or houseflies

Patient caring

ONLY ONE MISTAKE

MOLECULAR BASIS OF HIV

Together we can make the difference

Nidhi Chaturvedi B.Sc-I Sem

Structure and Life Cycle of Virus

Structure of HIV

Life cycle of HIV

Retrovirus HIV has just nine genes Genetic material is RNA Reverse transcriptase

Diagnosis

Shyam Sunder OhjaB.Sc III Sem

Jan Jan Ka ek NaraAIDS Mukth ho Desh Hamara

Testing Options for HIV

Anonymous Testing

No name is used Unique identifying number Results issued only to test recipient

23659874515

Anonymous

Confidential Testing

Person’s name is recorded along with HIV results Name and positive results are

reported to the State Department and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Results issued only to test recipient

Administration

Blood Urine Oral

Blood Detection Tests

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/Enzyme Immunoassay (ELISA/EIA)

Radio Immunoprecipitation Assay/Indirect Fluorescent Antibody Assay (RIP/IFA)

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Western Blot Confirmatory test

Urine Testing

Urine Western Blot As sensitive as testing blood Safe way to screen for HIV Can cause false positives in

certain people at high risk for HIV

Oral Testing

Orasure The only FDA

approved HIV antibody.

As accurate as blood testing

Draws blood-derived fluids from the gum tissue.

NOT A SALIVA TEST!

Counseling

Pre-test Counseling

Transmission Prevention Risk Factors Voluntary & Confidential Reportability of Positive Test

Results

Post-test Counseling

Clarifies test results Need for additional testing Promotion of safe behavior Release of results

TREATMENT

Shalu JainB.Sc I sem

Know AIDSNO AIDS

Treatment Options

Treatment

The viral load test Assessment for signs/symptoms of potential drug

toxicities Adherence counselling and assessment of

adherence Assessment of response to therapy and signs of

treatment failure Weight measurement CD4 testing at least every six months (if available) Haemoglobin monitoring for patients on AZT

Antiviral Therapy HAART Vaccines Alternative medicines

GENE THERAPY

Retro virus Italy

Home treatment

Emotional treatment

History and Economic Impact

Sonam NamdevB.Sc I Sem

Clean EnvironmentHealty environment

History So did HIV come from an SIV AIDS is detected in California and

New York 1981 AIDS is reported among

haemophiliacs and Haitians in the USA 1982

Scientists identify HIV (initially called HTLV-III or LAV) as the cause of AIDS

An HIV test is licensed for screening blood supplies

AZT is the first drug approved for treating AIDS

1987- no one is Immune

Stigma Fear Social attitude Religion

AIDS vs INDIA

Kuldeep SinghB.Sc I Sem

Aao Bat KareAIDS Ka Bhoot Bhagayen

AIDS vs INDIA 1986 1987 AIDS control programme with

135 HIV +ive 1992 NACO established According to an estimate 2.5 m i.e

0.3 %

Highest in Maharastra, A.P, Goa,Tamilnadu, Karnataka

Manipur, nagaland and mizorum

Who needs education School, College AIDS education in the workplace

At village level spl women

Thank You!