1)Which relationship of primary molars can lead to Class 3

1)Which relationship of primary molars can lead to Class 3 maloclusion? MESIAL STEP

2)2nd class amalgam, you notice a small chip on margin - 0,5 mm . What you'll do? OBSERVE 3)Dentist made an IAN block but during caries preparation the patient feels a pain. What is the cause of this pain?accessory innervation- Mylohiod nerve acts as an accessory to the IAN and needs to be Blocked as well in this case. 4)MOD amalgam, demarcated line in the isthmus, and this line is not a junction of two separate amalgams, and an explorer catches there. What you'll do? explorer catches - so redo- It will be a site for plaque accumulation 5)Vasovagal syncope, first sign? PALLOR 6)What’s not included in CAMBRA Caries assessment?caries management by risk assessment - GENETIC FACTOR 7)What kind of resorption is happening to second primary molar?REPLACEMENT 8)what’s the cause of recession on that mandibular Incisor? MALOCLUSION, CROWDING 9)osteoctomy?removal of supporting bone-use in class 2 wall defect in moderate defect 10)Gold vs porcelain, what’s advantage?Gold closest thermal expansion as tooth ... Preparation is less fine adaptation. accept bevel in preparation. Porcelain no bevel.Gold in heavy occlusion 11)Most harmful force in implant? HORIZONTAL FORCE 12)Arcon vs non acorn ?Arcon for fpd ,non acron: rpd and cd 13)Ankylosis? Replacement resorption 14)4.Sinus appears inferior to the roots of molars, which radiographic technique used ? Bisecting bitewing

15)Doctor billed insurance couple of procedure when actually there is a global procedure that combines them?UNBUNDLEING 16) Distal occlusion leads to? CLASS 2 17)Child’s BP? –(heart rate)110( 3-4y 120,5-6y 115) 18)Mineralization of the PERM. crown of mandibular 1st molar?starts: at birth ,Completed: at 2-3 years. 19)Saturation? Chroma 20)Ephinephrine + levonordorphine? - Alpha-1 21) Interaction between nitroglycerine and epinephrine.What type of antagonism?physiologic antagonism 22)Which headgear moves maxillary teeth forward?reverse pull Cervical pull , Straight pull, High pull are for class 2 23) How to increase retention/resistance on Short teeth?Proximal grooves 24) Size and shape defect ?morpho differentiation.(seen in belll stage!!micro n macrodontia can be seen but histodiferentiation too like AI n DI) 25)Pocket depth?- Free gingival margin to base to pocket 26)ATTACHMENT LOSS

27)Natural wear down of teeth surfaces? Attrition 28)Hypodontia? initiation stage

29) All of the following are characteristics of Sodium hypochlorite EXCEPT?A - Chelating agent B- Irrigation C- Lubricant D- Disinfectan 30)Opioid antagonist?naloxone 31) Pain med with renal disease? acetomenophen 32)Cells predominantly in acute and chronic inflammation:ACUTE:PMNs , CHRONIC:MACROPHAGES, PLASMA CELLS 33)Trephination?drilling bone to release pressure/puncture of bone 34)OKC is associated most commonly with-Gorlin syndrome,Nevoid basal cell carcinoma 35)The dentist obligation to keep updated with current practices and procedures and refer the patient to specialist when necessary corresponds to which ADA principle of ethics? - Nonmaleficence 36)What is common between peutz jeghers and Gardner’s syndrome? intestinal polyps 37)All off the following cause craniofacial dysformity EXCEPT? A- Tetralogy of fallot B- Crouzon C- Treacher collins D- Midfacial deformity 38)Initiator of acrylic resin-bensoyl peroxide 39)What’s described by lack of sharpness and unclear borders of objects in the film? Penumbra 40)What sound is affected if teeth lack spacing between them? S sound 41)Myasthenia gravis, what antibiotic is given? Penicillin 42)Dose of hydrocortisone taken per year that will indicate have adrenal insufficiency and need supplement dose for surgery?- 20 mg 2 weeks for 2 years 43) 2 pulp chambers? Fusion

44) Less recurrence tumor:Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor (Aot) and Compound odontoma

45)Most recurrent tumor - Odontogenic keratocyst/OKC 46)Mandibular nerve foramen cranium: foramen ovale 47)What’s Aspirin mechanism of action?irreversible Cox inhibition/inhibits sysnthesis of thromboxane A2 preventing platelet synthesis/inhibits sysnthesis of prostaglandins/inhibits synthesis of PG in the hypothalmic temp regulation center 48)During an IAN not been able to achieve proper anesthesia means it went to which accessory innervations?Mylohyoid 49)What cyst is NOT a true cyst?A- Dermoid B- Stafne C- Dentigerous D- Nasolabia(NOTE: true cyst is fluid fill cavity line by epithelium) 50)Which of the following is the Most radio resistant?muscle 51)For an amalgam Class 2 matrix should be placed where ?1 mm above marginal ridge, 1 mm below gingival floor 52)what antibiotic is given in sinusitis that is not caused by odontogenic infection?AUGMENTIN(NOTE: if odontogenic first you should identify the source and decide whether you can eliminate it or not.) 53)What causes the least buccal-lingual resistance to lateral forces? A- Two 5mm diameter splinted implants BTwo 4mm diameter splinted implants C- One 5mm diameter implant D- One 4mm diameter implant 54)What do you check in the wax try in Except: A.Aesthetics B. Vertical dimension C- Occlusion D- Obtain facebow record 55) The amount of radiation on a panoramic RX is compared to? 4 bitewings 56) A 20 yrs old patient with multiple jaw cysts, you suspect that he has syndrome so you refer him to specialist, what’s the most probable diagnosis?gorlin 57)Open bite more than 8 mm, what you'll do?lefort 1 orthognathic surgery 58)Case. Patient comes with bilateral bone expansion, and complains about Dentures won’t fit? Paget’s disease 59)A stent for palatal flap for what? prevent displacement,stop bleeding/ For hemostasis provide support n help in healing/promote healing, tissue protection and patient comfort after torus removal 60)During endodontic treatment you encounter a ledge inside the canal, What to do?bypass 61)Who is associated with the least risk of inhaling N2O?A- Dentist B- Patient C- Dental hygienist D- Dental assistant (NOTE:dentist and assistnat as well as hygienist will be in the office for longer duration than that particular patient, hence , less)

62)The most common form of periodontal disease seen in school- aged children is- Marginal gingivitis 63)Which of the following contributes most to a successful pulp capping procedure?- An isolated field 64)An exposure of less than 0.75 mm D- Use of calcium hydroxide(NOTE:< 1mm direct pulp cap with CaOH) 65)A 16-year-old patient has a long history of mild pain in the area of the mandibular left first molar. Radiographs reveal deep caries in the tooth with an irregular radiopaque lesion apical to the mesial root. Which of the following represents the most likely diagnosis? A- Periradicular granuloma B- Condensing osteitis C- Asymptomatic apical periodontitis D- Periapical cyst 66)6-year-old patient is uncooperative during treatment. Which of the following techniques is indicated?AConscious sedation B- General anesthesia C- Physical restraint D- Voice control 67)Hypotensive effect and itching from oxycodone is due, in part, to its?A- Allergenicity B- Release of histamine C- Antispasmodic effect D- Cardiac depressant effect excitation of the chemoreceptor trigger zone 68)Which of the following does NOT produce a pharmacologic decrease in saliva production?A- Atropine (AtroPen)B- Scopolamine (Trasderm-Scop) C- Pilocarpine (Salagen) D- Glycopyrrolate (Robinul) 69)Which muscle help in centric relation ?Lateral pterygoid 70)Strongest corticosteroid.:Dexamethasona 71)Critical dose of steroids for adrenal insufficiency? 20mg of cortisone for 2 weeks for 2 years 72)Each of the following osseous defects would be classified as infrabony except :1- a trough 2- dehiscence 3-hemiseptum 4. Crater 73)To fix a class 3 you would do? It all depends where is the fault - if maxilla is deficient then Lefort 1 - if only mandible is prognathic then bsso alone - if both like maxilla short and mandible prognathic then both Lefort and bsso - if they said narrow maxilla and mandible protruded then we have to expand maxilla and do bsso 74)NSAIDS act by a reversible or irreversible action?reversible except aspirin(irreversible)

75)Order of ectopic eruptions from most to least: maxillary 1st molar - max canine -man canine - man 2nd pm - max LI 76)Succinylcholine administration would cause prolonged apnoea because the respiratory muscles would go into spasm?Yes and then paralysis Coz it's a depolarizing NMB.

Succinylcholine is very short acting paralytic drug 77)In what form is a drug best absorbed by the stomach?Weak acid 78)Opioid causes:Nausea is most common side effect with opioids. They also cause constipation. Respiratory depression is the most dangerous side effect. 79)Rate of implant success in 10yrs ?80% 80)Rate of implant success in 5yrs ?85% 81) What is problem with preloading a screw of implants?high loading can make implant creep 82)Patient is on aspirin 3-5 grams per day for 3 months what is the most likely to see in this patient? a.Increased PT and Bleeding time b.Increased PT and PTT c.Acidosis and increased bleeding time 83)2cm laceration on lip?continous suture 84)socket after extraction- interrupted 85)Guided tissue regeneration is most commonly used to treat which of the following Classes of furcations? 2

86) 87)That buccal frenum pull which muscle in denture: triangularis

88)exposed necrotic Mandi bone in which stage of osteoradionecrosis??stage 3 89)Dental waterline should be flushed at the beginning of day for: 30 seconds

90) 91) Best systemic antifungal:Fluconazole 92)Lateral border of tongue with white lesion. Most possible diagnosis??Leukoplakia 93)a keratinized white nodule on palate what’s the most possible diagnosis? Papilloma 94)Lidocaine overdose treated with?Diazepam 95)Which teeth to choose in denture which will be less abraded against natural teeth?Acrylic or Composite or Porcelain??Porcelain Natural+acrylic >> acrylic teeth wear. Natural+porcelain >> natural teeth wear. 96) Hemophilia b which factor? hemophila A is 8, hemophila B IS 9, vwf IS vwf where ptt is prolonged and pt remains the same, Hem.C 11 97)Which acid in Zinc oxide. Eugenol, but in reinforced pmma and zinc oxide powder is treated with propionic acid 98)Most plaque area where? mand inc followed by max molar 1st 99)3)Why anterior resin composite need to be changed constantly?? Wear very fast 100)primary Mand 2nd molar resembles what? 1st permament molar 101) Most crown root fracture : Man 1st Molars or maxillary anteriors(not sure) 102)Colitis- caused by clindamycin... u can give metronidazole or vancomycin 103)Osteoporosis: caused by steroids, thin trabecular . treated by bisphosphonates

104))Chirubism:bilateral expansion of jaws, young and kids affected, resolves till adulthood, eyes towards heaven, More in mandible, Peripheral collagen cuffing . No treatment 105)Reason to do wmf:reduce pocket lining and better access for srp 106)Concentration Loc anesthesia in pediatric: 4.4% mg/kg( max dose 300 mg) 107)You rise a full mucoperiosteal flap to instrument in the pocket, after reposition of the flap where resorption occurs more? Radicular bone 108)Why prefer to do inlay Only over amalgam: good contour, finishing, adaptation, proximal contact 109)Self limit pin drill where to use on dentin: 0.5mm away from dej, 2mm into dentin ,parallel to external surface 110)Dental lamina formation- 6-7 weeks in utero 111)Chronic expose of mercury :hair loss blindness muscle weakness, acrodynia 112)Opiods: miosis, decrease hr rr, Urinary retention constipation, Acts on mu receptors Miosis , Suppress cough 113)Drug that causes dry mouth work on which receptors:alpha muscarinic anticholinergic 114)Which acid for gLass inomer:polyacrylic 115)Apical scar more in patient with:HIV, Diabetes, Hypertension, Alcoholic 116)Stridor: Laryngospasm(treated with succinylcholine) 117))Lefort 1 in which structure:maxillary sinus 118)Restorative material that prevent from recurrent caries for anterior teeth:RMGIC 119)Most plaque where: mand incisors not in option:molar maxillary in buccal 120)Working and non working interference LUBL - non working,BULL - working 121)patient with a history of bacterial endocarditis and allergic to penicillin need to do crown lengthening: no need for antibiotics,Give clindomycin. 122)MOA of Sulfonamides: Interfere with folic acid, prevent PABA 123)little girl taking phenytoin, during procedure she had seizure what to give her:diazepam, 124)which component is more in gutta percca :resin or zinc oxide 125))Diazepam: increases or decrease gaba 126)alcoholic patient need EXT, which blood test is most imp?INR 127) The most stable elastic impression in moisture environment?a. Polyether b. Pvs c. condensation silicone d. Polysulfide 128)Resorption in avulsed tooth?External 129)To achieve optimum retention of a post system, all are important except? a) length of the post b) diameter of the post c) cement used for the post d) crown to root ratio

130)Coefficient of thermal expansion is the most for which material ? A. Gold B. Amalgam C. Filled resin D. Unfilled resin 131)Destructive zone is what during dental caries preparation in enamel decalcification starts at subsurface in dentin zone 4 n 5 is bacterial invasion and destruction

132)distance between pt and dentist 2-3 feet 133) 1st order bends: in & out bends ; buccolingual , labiolingual & rotational movements Second order bend : tipping or mesiodistal movements Third order bend : torque 134)Veneer cemented with dual cured resin cement, show a brownish line at the cervical margin 1 month later. What is it: A. Micro-cracks at the porcelain B. Inadequate amount of cement C. Amide discoloration of the cement 135)Luting agent for gold restorations and orthodontic appliances ?Znphosphate and GIC 136) How does the alveolus heal? First intention 137)What fluoride stains teeth? APF gel, stannous fluoride, sodium fluoride 138)Which black pigment is not present in oral cavity? Lentigo 139) Pt has some non- painful, hard, movable swelling in the floor of the mouth (pic shown) pt is not aware about it? Lymphoepithelial cyst

140)Finger spring for diastema closure or rotations of incisor :Z spring for rotations of incisor ...for posterior cross bite we use arch expanders like coffin spring , hyrax , jack screw 141)Template for implant control except size of implant?Template-number-location-angle Not thickness 142)amalgam over contoured restoration when do u corect it? initial phase, phase 1, or both the same? 143)Hue =wavelength and color Chroma= saturation Value = degrees of lightness or darkness 144) were is groove for 3/4th crown: bucal 145)Crown margin is visible, what not to do?A.Crown lengthening B.Coronally places graft C. Subgingival graft 146)Which tests need to be done EVERY YEAR by dentists? TB 147)Most common pattern of osseous defect in chronic periodontitis?horizontal 148)What gives you Turners incisors: Trauma during pregnancy 149)A chancre due to Syphilis mostly resembles: Apthous Ulcer

150)Syphilis cause Hutchinson’s incisor and mulberry molars 151)SCC of the tongue is the most common intraoral malignancy(most common location post. Lateral Border ) p.s the floor of the mouth is the second most common intraoral location of scc. 152) submandibular duct or Wharton duct 153)parotid duct or Stensen duct 154) sublingual ducts or ducts of Rivinus 155)lymphadenopathy is the most common cause of tissue swelling of the tissues in the submandibular triangle. 156)caldwell-luc operation most common for which tooth: Palatal root of max. 1st Molars 157)max. Sinus opening :small communication:<2mm:do nothing , just observe 158)Max. Sinus opening :mod. Communication:2-6mm:figure of 8 suture placed over socket 159)Max. Sinus opening :large Communication:>7mm:flap procedure 160)a class2 lever is used during ext 161)endoosteal proliferation ---occurs within a bone 162)periosteal proliferation -----occurs within the connective tissue covering all bones(periosteum)

163)Bulls eye lesions are seen in Erythema multiforme 164)for OS on pts taking prednisone/steroids If currently on steroids:double the daily dose on day of surgery and if pain then day after surgery too If less than 2 weeks after steroid therapy:double the daily maintainance dose on day of surgery If more than 2 weeks after steroid therapy: none needed 165)Syphilis Chancre resembles?1) Cancer 2) Herpes 3) Herpangina 4) Apthous Ulcer 166)What's imp in choosing shade - value 167)Dentist notice tooth color different light from restoration what to do tint or redo'.If light = tint,If dark = redo. 168)least useful retention/resistance form in crown?�-parallelism �-path of insertion �-length of axial walls �-total area of 2 axial walls 169)Why implant FAIL A-surgical error B-no osteointegration 170)Cause of brown discoloration at margin of resin bonded porcelain? Silane bond loss or Amide 171)Scale of 100? Hue or value -value 172)Which of the following is least affected by occlusal trauma? A. Alveolar bone B. ging. Attachment c. perio. Ligament D. cementum

173)after injection of local anesthesia for the posterior superior alveolar nerve block a sudden swelling seen on the ipsilateral side extending in the canine region. What is the cause a. buccal pad of fat b. loose areolar tissue c. rupture of posterior superior alveolar vessel d. leakage of saliva 174)Aspirin 12 mg /ml in plasma concentration. How ml after 3 and half life?u know this

calculation Every half life u divide on 2

E.g.How much of a medication will be after 3 half lives if it started with 12? 6, 4, 3, 1.5(Ans 1.5) 175).anterior tooth has RCT done and retrograde filling with amalgam shown in x ray. why it appears gray? A .initial trauma B.from retrograde amalgam C.Necrotic pulp- internal resorption - pink 176)the most important concept of C.E.A. Winslow’s definition of public health is:a.To encourage mental and physical efficiency b.Promotion through organized community effort c.individuals acting alone can solve any problem d.The science and art of preventing disease 177)Preload of the implant is comparable to what force?1-torque 2- compresive 178)cancer pts with chemo n radiotherapy they got bleeding fragile vessels or thrombocytopenia 179)Patient presents with blow to face and horizontal fracture of a previously endodontically treated molar. The fracture is 2mm from the anatomical crown. What should the dentist do? a. Treat root canal with Calcium Hydroxide b. Place temporary crown and revisit in 3 months c. Immobilize d. Ext 180)Question about lesion in eye has a name subnour something like this i picked phemphigus but it is mmp - The most common and feared diagnosis associated with symblepharon is Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid (MMP) 181)Horizontal bone loss in cervical 3rd : bad prognosis. 182)TEGMA IS FOR colour stability or udema?Primary monomers are BISGMA AND UDMA (UDMA has much better properties ) Other lower molar mass monomers (TEGMA)are included just as a diluents to improve viscosity whiteout it it would be unworkably. TEGMA do not help with color STABILITY. They are not main the monomers. TEGMA for color stability of BISGMA or UDEMA which have color instability. They also decrease viscosity.Color stabiliy - with less amines, more amines, because of addition of TEGDMA . HEMA is for color stabilty 183)DD of DI are: OI, AI enamel hyperplasia, dentin dysplasia(ectodermal dysplasia isnt) 184)Blue sclera is associated with DI 185)Bleeding few days after extraction? Fibrinolysis. 186)transillumination for ranula 187)Apical root fracture-Splint or No splint- observe 188)To differentiate between perio and endo lesion : Percussion or Ept:Test vitality first , then percussion

189)Pt 6 months on IV bisphos at risk of osteoradionecrosis and unrestorable tooth- what to do? A. Hyperbaric 02 and extraction b. Endo, decoronation and seal c. ATB and xla d. No precaution he is at risk of osteonecrosis 190) Drug first pass effect is - Hepatic metabolism /Absorption in the intestines/Portal circulation

191)Metabolism of erythromycin is in the -Kidneys or Liver 192)Taking pt consent and maintaining pt confidentiality what ethical principle is this?autonomy 193)What pays most for dental treatment?out of pocket/cash 194)Asymptomatic lesion with rough erythematous border and white papule in the center:Forign body abscess or Lymphoepithelial cyst or Lipoma 195)1-What's the removal of the supporting bone procedure named? Corticotomy or Ostectomy or Osteotomy Osteotomy involves removal of tooth supporting bone, whilst osteoplasty refers to reshaping of non- supporting alveolar bone (Friedman 1955) 196)How to adjust the incisal table in semi adjustable articulator when you have an occlusal record?raise the pin/move the pin 197)Face bow records what?Relationship of Maxilla to orbitale or Relationship of Maxilla and mandible or Relationship of the occlusal planes 198)Heart rate of 4 year old? 110 199)What causss MI? Thrombosis or Atherosclerosis or Fat deposition or Vessel narrowing

200)Why is Light cured Composite the best for aesthetics?It contains UDEMA 201)What causes excessive translucency at the occlusal half of a Porcelain fused to metal Crown?inadequate cutting in the second plane of reduction 202)What is the most important reason for Posterior Composite failure? Flowabiliy or Large Size of restoration or Technique and case selection 203)antibiotics for myasthenia gravis? Penicillin 204)Cantilever Bridge contraindication •Patient sensitivity to base metal alloys •Parafunctional habits •Long spam (3 or more abutments) •Compromised enamel •Extensive caries •Extensive restoration •Deep vertical overbite lateral central incisor abutments make d worst cantilevers 205)histoplasmosis looks like SCC 206)Most common age for primary teeth fracture?2-4(1.5 to 2.5 years old DD) 207)Serial extraction is done for providing space to which permanent tooth?a.second premolar b.first and second premolar c.canine and first premolar d.canine and second premolar 208)Removing lone max molar be aware?Fracture tuberosity Or Sinus(tooth often ankylosed to the bone) 209)New patient comes into office, what do you do 1st visit? Full exam, record probing, med history, impressions.(you do all of it but med history most important) 210)Pick a test that does not look for bacteria or their products/metabolites it had immunoflorescnce, DNA analysis, Biopsy 211)Patient has 2 mm ulcer on tip of tongue since 2 months. What do you do next - Biopsy, cauter, excision, incision. Ans. Excision and biopsy after 2 weeks 212)Radiation affects which surface of the teeth more?Cervical, root caries 213)Function of antibodies.?They prevent pathogens from entering or damaging cells by binding to them; they stimulate removal of pathogens by macrophages and other cells by coating the pathogen; and they trigger destruction of pathogens by stimulating other immune responses such as the complement 214)Graft rejection immune response.?type 2 215)Radiograph of acute pericoronitis.? flame shape 216)opioids act on which receptor. Mu

217)Amalgam pin depth at cej.?1 mm( 2 mm in dentin 2 mm within amalgam and 1 mm away from dej) 218)Impacted canine with mixed ro rl lesion.? AOT 219)Pedunculated white mass on palate...Papilloma 220)keratoacanthoma where ??.on sun exposed areas 221)Osteoporosis in mandible radiographic appearance? Increased marrow spaces 222)Infection from lower 3rd molar that penetrated into the lingual cortex what space affected? Sublingual or Submandibular 223)What exacerbates ANUG? Exudate, stress, bacteria 224)What increases with age? Croma, hue, value 225)Increased porosity and surface deformation causes: decreased modulus of elasticity 226)Ortho surgery for 8 mm open bite? lefort 1 227)orthognathic surgery for deep bite?bsso Cl3-lefort1+bsso 228)Most common anomaly?cleft lip/palate 229)Alcohol fetal syndrome? Cleft lip or Midface hypoplasia 230)Not a sign of down syndrome? Increased caries 231)How to increase resistance for a full gold crown?Change margin to champher or Proximal grooves Or Buccal grooves or Lingual grooves note proximal-resists Buccal-retentions 232)What will not be involved when cutting the frenum in the floor of the mouth? Lingual nerve or Sublingual gland or Submandibular gland or Submandibular gland ductIn 233)what study is the size of sample irrelevant? case history and case series 234)-Percocet - schedule 2 and it needs written prescription 235)First emergency management of cyantoic pt: oxygen 236)Methamphetamine act in causes increased caries by all of the following (Lowering pH, Xerostomia, Poor diet dueto appitite loss)except/not from Poor oral hygiene 237)Obturation with Silver points after endo :not recommended Leakage , corrosion Disadvantage of silver point is corrosion- staining of tooth and surrounding tissue/ not conform to shape of rc / impossible to do post &core/apical surgery become complicated 238)Biopsy reveals sheets of neutrophils ==> abscess or cyct

239)Pregnant pt already taking percocet and Tramadol 50mg twice daily for migraine, what should she be given as an analgesic to relieve her dental pain?Increase Percocet or Increase Tramadol 240)What is not a complication of orthodontic movement?Root bending or Cessation of root development 241)What is the function of antiretraction valve ?? use in dental office water to resist bacterial( prevents cross contamination of microorganism through waterline) 242)Erythema migran is another name for geographic tongue.. they showed a lesion on the side of the tongue. 243)Dental assistant exposure is 10% or 1/10 from 5rem, means 0.5; if Pregnant then 0.1 244)Blue sclera is in Osteogenesis Imperfecta 245)The Motor nerve that innervates mastication muscles? V1,V2,V3 or VII? V3 246)A patient that says "I don't have time to quit smoking" is in the precontemplation stage. 247)frey's syndrome- when people sweat on one side of their face instead of salivating during eating. It was a complication after a Parotid gland surgery. crocodile tears 248)What is responsible for location and movement of the disc?inferior head superior head of lateral pterygoid is for stabilisation .. inferior head of lateral pterygoid is for movement 249)Tipping- crown moves in one direction, root- in opposite Torque- controlled root movement while crown is stable M-D root movement is uprighting. 250)Modified ridge - will it touch the gingiva? Slightly touch 251)What tooth surface is the most cavitated in children? D of canine? M of first molar? D of first molar? M of second molar? D of second molar? 252)Where is Anodontia and Oligodontia found?Ectodermal dysplasia 253)A 13 Years child with sinus tract from 8 and the apex ia open. What is the treatment? Apexification, apexogenesis, root end surgery, root canal treatment. 254)Which can cause euphoria? Estrogen, testosterone, hydrocortisone, progesterone.(due to Steroid psychosis) 255)Acetominophen (Tylenol) will not damage a kidney transplant patient. 256)The medication of choice for status epilepticus.diazepam and Midazolam 257)Stefen Johnson syndrome-Severe form of erythema multiforme. Acute onset of fever ,Bull's eye shaped Eruptive, ulcerative lesion on the skin, oral mucosa and eyes; genital lesions, stomatitis.Blindness is possible due to secondary infection. mucocutaneous ocular syndrome

258)secuence of anesthesia: pain-temp-touch-propriception-motor function 259)Color stabiliy - with less amines, more amines, because of addition of TEGDMA , because of addition of HEMA 260)giving N2O at 50/50, the patient doesn't feel too good, what do you do?A) increase to O2 to 100% B ) Increase to O2 to 60 C) stop 261)Captopril mechanism ACE inhibitor. Blocks conversion angiotensin1 to angiotensin2 262) Hyperparathyroidism and Cenrtal giant cell granuloma.:true brown tumor 263)Can we use N2O in ADHD patients? Yes!(only contraindicated in COPD) 264)An immage of sialolith occlusal Xray. 265) Neutropenia is determined by: A routine CBC or a CBC with differential or Counting the Neutrophils 266)To diffrenciate between Endo and perio lesion ….EPT or percussion 267)Trismus due to infection : Masseter Trismus due to needle injection : medial pterygoid

268)which will least resist force best single implant 4mm, 5mm , two splinted ?? 4mm splinted 269)Which tooth’s furcation has the poorest prognosis? Max 1st Molar Which tooth’s furcation is most difficult to do root planing?? Max 2nd Molar Which tooth furcation involvement has the highest relapse??? Max. 2nd Molar 270)why cancer patients with chemo or radio therapy they got bleeding : Fragile Vessels-radio Thrombocytopenia- chemo 271)Which teeth to choose in denture which will be less abraded against natural teeth. A.Acrylic B.Composite C.Porcelain Natural+acrylic >> acrylic teeth wear. Natural+porcelain >> natural teeth wear. 272)A 7-year-old patient fractured the right central incisor 3 hours ago. A clinical examination reveals a 2-mm exposure of a "bleeding pulp." The treatment-of-choice is???pulpotomy+apexogenesis 273)cartridge he felt agitated after giving la what do u suspect = too much epinephrine in LA=Lido toxicity, as agitation and nervousness are signs of CNS stimulation. 274)Patient with the history of bleeding n also bruising on extremities what it can be: Leukemia 275) Diagnosis for lingering pain to cold and sensitivity to percussion = Irreversible pulpitis & acute periapical abscess/apical periodontitis 276)A tooth is not responsive to cold, not to percussion, and palpation is tender = Necrotic pulp and chronic apical periodontitis 277)Unethical to fee the patient solely bcoz he is benefiting from insurance.Unethical to fee the patient solely bcoz he is benefiting from insurance :veracity 278)most common prob in elderly is depression. 279)painful response that subsides quickly after removal of stimulus is. Reversible pulpitis 280)Cavity prep amalgam class 5 retention form ? A. prox grooves mesial / distal B. prox grooves oclusal C. parallel walls mesio-distal D. parallel walls occluso-gingival 281)Amalgam waste is regulated by = EPA (if not in option then ADA) 282)Buccinator muscle is pierced by the needle when performing IAN block 283)Acetamenophen does not affect clotting time as does Aspirin 284)Med given to children with viral infection who are at a risk for Reye’s syn. If they take aspirin- Acetomenophen 285)Acetaminophen + propoxyphene= Darvocte N=tX: Mod. to severe pain

286)Darvon compound 65 = Aspirin+caffeine+propoyphene 287)Talwin compound=Pentazocine(strong analgesis)+Aspirin(analgesic+anti-inflm.+Fever reducing prop.)=tX:Mod pain=Note: doesnt produce euphoria 288)The folllowing analgesics to be avoided with renal diseases: Aspirin, Acetminophen,NSAIDs, meperidine and morphine 289)HYoid bone: C4 290)Pulpotomy success depends on: isolation 291)After taking impression lower lip swollen:Angioedema 292)TSD: for fearful kids(Tell Show Do) 293)Missing teeth: max lateral, 1st max premolar, 1st mand premolar 294) Epilus fissuratum

295)Systematic desentization:exposing a pt to items from a colaborativelyconstructed hierarchy increasing anxiety provoking stimuli(related to the target fear) while using relaxation skills 296)Cementoblastoma

297)acetamionophen which schedule? 3 298) Most damaging forces to implants: horizontal 299)Nsaid not given with aspirin 300)gingival recession, how to treat it? Free gingival graft

301)Radiolysis of water : radiation effect question 302)Oxycodone: histamine releases causes itching 303)Safe for liver: acetaminophen 304)Most common gingivitis in children: Marginal gingivitis 305)Localized aggressive periodontitis: 1st molars and incisors

306)ASA classification:- 1. Normal healthy patient 2. Mild systemic disease/significant health risk factor 3. Severe disease but not incapacitated 4. Severe systemic disease that is constant threat to life 5. Moribund pt.not expected to survive unless operation 6. Brain dead pt. Whose organs removed for donation 307)Dentist doesn't tell that he is not collecting patient portion, what principle?Veracity 308)Saliva ejector placed:A under tongue and B same working side 309)LAP treatment? SRP+ antibiotics 310) Lap BACTERIA causing it?Aggregatibacter Actynomicetencommitans 311)Unstable angina: ASA 4 312)MOST common psychiatric disorder in elderly:depression 313)Short crown? Groves and full veneers 314)Proximal grooves: resistances Male pt work under sun He has lesion firm ulcer on lip:Actinic keratosis or keratoahantoma(appears on sun exposed areas and light skinned individuals) keratocarcinoma 315)Oligodontia: initiation phase 316)Supernumary: initiation phase 317)Osteogenesis imperfecta associated with dentinogenesis imperfecta 318)Most common: cleft lip and palate 319)Nitrous oxide contraindicated in first trimester of pregnancy ? NO. contraindicated only in? COPD 320)Porcelain occlusal reduction, what bur used??diamond 321)Disadvantage of composite posterior filling?? decresed elastic modulus 322)Incisal edge of the anterior teeth, what class? Class 4 323)Bevel in gingival floor of gold? What is it for?enamel protection and better adaptation 324)indentations of the teeth.

mamelons 325)Marginal leakage decreases with age in amalgam 326)Drugs go through clincial trial before they are approved. 327)ADA SCDP: instruments and materials in office 328)DENTURE CLICKING DUE TO decrease in interocclusal distance 329)Coz of angular chelitis: dec VDO 330)Pain during cavity prep even though the inferior alveolar nerve and lingual nerve is anesthesized: accesory nerve 331)Dementia: short term memory loss 332)Most resistant to radiation: muscle 333)Benzo diapezien not given in pregnancy?true 334)Schedule 3 needs written prescription? Yes 335)LAP

336)LAP v/s GP

337)Motion sickness = Scopolamine 338)Disadvantage of fillers in composite ??esthetic , polishing , higher radiopacities,refractory index(Filler in refractive index it's good. But due to filler difficult in polishing) 339)A male 46, chief complaint: when I eat spicy food I feel burning in my mouth (mucosa) What's your first thing to do? Laboratory ANA test, florescent test 340)rimary 1st M and 2nd M in compare to 1st M and PM of permanent teeth: A. Greater B. Smaller 341)What’s hot tooth? Symptomatic apical periodontitis,Acute apical abscess, Symptomatic irrreversible pulpitis 342)Tooth feels elevated in socket : Symptomatic apical periodontitis, Acute apical abscess, Symptomatic irrreversible pulpitis 343)asymptomatic irreversible pulpitis- has postural changes Symptomatic Apical periodontitis - elevated Ana test we do for systemic lupus erythematous 344)45-year-old man coming regularly to this office since 20 years, every 4-6 months for regular check-up. He has red/blue cyst on lower buccal((Mucoceal)) side filled with mucous. The first line of treatment is: don’t worry - it’s viral infection, antibiotics, incision biopsy, excision biopsy, cytology 345)most probable cause of swelling on upper lip ?? mucous plug due to sialolithiasis

346)The main reason of pain after RCT: perforation, coronal leakage' 347)Best vitality test for recently erupted tooth ?EPT or Thermal 348)Ranula - Exicisional biopsy 349)Single implant feature??antirotational hex 350)Mostttttt because failure of rct-loss of good debridement 351)the dentist should be able to mae an appointment for his or her emergency cases :Justice 352)pain after a month of RCT whats th ereason? Verticle root fracture due to over condensation 353)all reasons for RCT and pain presenting after the fact: 1. Wishing a few days after its noraml to experience pain because of local inflammation and hitting the fibers with traumatic force. 2. After a month or a few of no pain and then sudden sharp pain its vertical root fracture. 3. Did RCT, then 3 years later there is huge apical lucency and patient presents with pain or no pain, its due to bad RCT or leakage, and it needs to be redone regardless if there is pain by patient. 354)occlusal truma cause ? widening of pdl or narrowing of pdl 355)Advantage of oxide layer formation around metal framework in a prosthesis? A. The oxide layer on PFM helps to form a chemical bond with porcelain through covalent bonding B. It resists tarnish and corrosion. C. The formation of this bond is called passivation 356)Checking cast rest. internal surface Delivery proximal contact 357)how will u reduce the occlusal surface for a COMPLETE crown:Diamond bur 358)Dentist wants to evaluate the effect on by pass surgery and nutrition = Clinical trial or prospective Cohort? 359)Gingival index = Ordinal like 0,1,2,3 scale 360) Separation of maxilla what?A. Le Fort 1 B. Le Fort 2 C. Le Fort 3 361)How should the implant placed I relation to adjacent CEJ? 2-3 apical 362)discoloration is due to Amine -if within days Micro leakage within weeks Microcrack after a month (since the crack would take a longer time to form) 363)what is sintering?A process of reducing procelain porosity through heat 364)Who has answer for: Ugly composite with staining but good margin and no decay, what to do?A. Remove 1mm and place new composite on top of it B. Remove entire composite and replacer 365)Chlorpheniramine has the LEAST sedative effect 366)Geographic necrosis renal issues: Wegeners granulomatosis

367) Crohns disease manifestations options:• Enamel hypoplasia • Amelogenesis • Granulomas • Apthous ulcers 368)Tooth and filling color correct choices Light-tint Dark-redo Light-vital bleaching of other teeth 369)Reason for post operative sensitivity of composite?Polymerization shrinkage

370)What is the LEAST likely reason for postoperative sensitivity after a Class I occlusal composite restoration is placed?A- Gap formation which allows bacterial penetration into the dentin tubules B- Gap formation which allows an outward flow of fluid from through the dentin tubules C- Direct toxic effects of a 15 second acid etc on the pulp D- Cuspal deformation due to contraction forces of polymerization shrinkage

NOTE: most likely D

371)which constituent of amalgam alloy decreases expansion? copper,Zinc,Tin, Silver

372)papoose board is indicated in what conditions?Uncooperative pt!! 373) Antithyroid medications may cause which of the following • Wegener's Granulomatosis • Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis • Agranulocytosis(especially by propythiouracil n methimazole) 374)What cement is preferred for veneer cementation:• GIC• RMGIC• Dual cure • Light cured 375) face bow that can allow alteration in VDO :arbitrary,kinematic,hinge axis

376)Gingivectomy cant be done in: Lack of attached gingiva, Recession,Mucogingival defect (which also means recessions L),Distal to mandibular m2,Lingual to mandibular pm1 377) BZD reversal: Flumazenil 378) in pseudo class 3 how do u move the mandible in centric relation:anterior, anteromedial, posterior, posterolateral(with pts assistance as it is only due to habit!) 379) In narrow zone of attached gingiva what cant be done: Gingivectomy, Apically displaced,Distal wedge,Coronally displaced 380)Hawley is skeletal cause it cause palatal expansion which treat maxillary hypoplasia and maxillary mand discrepancy So all devices for palatal expanssion is for skeletal cross bite Not dental or functional. retainer and maintenance after ortho tx 381)Hayleys type removable appliance with jack screw- for dental and skeletal expansion, this app. May be used to correct mild post. Crossbites in children and young adolescence. 382)Trismus in wat space?Sub masseter,Pterygomandibular: from injection to medial.petrygoid 383)needle track infection most likely pterygomandobular space,that’s when we do an IAN block 384)impaction: horisontal is the worst one , mesio angl for MD is best and disto for MX is best position to renove , for 3 rd molars, least impacted is mx canine and 2 premolar ( after 3rd md and 3rd mx molars) 385) Bio transformation first step:liver 386) Very light Xray what’s wrong: too short exposure 387)Asthma attack precipitation: NSAIDs 388) lesion on lingual frenum which structure will not be affected if we do biopsy? Submandibular gland 389)Brushing dexterity: 6-9 yo 390) peutz jegher and gardners common: GI polyps 391)Step in primary occlusion that predispone to Class II: Distal step 392)Most common molar relation in primary: flush terminal plane 393) Shape and size stage: Morphodifferentiation 394)lips swelling after taking impression: angioedema 395)healthy flap how does it heal: Reattachment 396)Alginate shrinks: syneresis 397)PVS reaction: sulfur latex 398) Something indistinct in an Rx: fog

399)MOA of histamines: blocking receptors for histamine 400) night pain they have given the tooth as vital, EPT tested normal not like for a non vital kind: symptomatic irreversible 401)Disadvantage of systematic desensitization: take to much time 402) Study for efficacy of a drug: clinical trials 403)Battery: no consent and worked on pt. 404) Autonomy: make independent decisions. Self governance 405)Non maleficence: do not harm 406) Justice= 407)Patient with slowly growing, asymmetrical lesion seen in the image. Which of the following is the most likely diagnose?1.OKC 2.Ossifying fibroma 3.Paget Disease of bone 4.Central giant cell granuloma 408). Cementoblastoma Rx:surgical excision for complete removal ,sacrifice the tooth because of the intimate association between the root and the tumor. 409) Least recurrent: AOT 410) Related to impacted canine: AOT 411)Early loss of both canines lead to : Loss of bite, class 3 malocclusion ,Bilateral posterior crossbite, Migration 412) Deaf patient:you will need to talk straight to the patient and not with the interpreter and just pause for interpretation 413) Form how CO2 is transferred to lungs: Bicarbonate ions 414)Dementia: short term loss memory 415) Most common mental disorder in elderly: depression 416) Mucocele etiology: trauma not in option I went with mucus plug 417) Xylitol: gum chew 418) Least exposed to NO2 inhalation in the dental office: patient 419)Y incision on Rx: nassal floor and maxillary sinus 420) Nevus basal cell syndrome related to: multiples OKC 421) What quality should a dentist possess to make sure a problem does not go to an extent : being able to defend your decisions 422) Most common emergency situation: syncope 423)Most common in school ages: marginal gingivitis 424)Agency responsable for dental material and technology: ADA SCDP 425) Elevators of the jaw: masseter, medial pterygoid and temporal(all except lateral petrygoid) 426)Occlusal reduction porcelain crown: Diamond 427)Case about mom came with daughter “ I don’t like my daughter teeth appearance “ something on her mandible without epithelial linen: traumatic bone cyst 428) Ludwing angine which spaces: submental, sublingual and submandibular

429) Infection from 3rd M through which space: submandibular 430) Delayed side effect of corticosteroid treatment of TMJ? 1.Ear pain 2.Retroorbital pain 3.Nausea 4.loss of vision ( didn’t say blurred vision) 431) What not in amalgam restorations: bevel 432) Composite color stability related to: TEGDMA 433)Saturation of color: chroma 434)Difficult to change: increase value 435) Contraindicated NO2: nasal congestion, COPD 436) Pt has nasal obstruction and mouth breather related to : anterior open bite 437) Tx for cross bite: z springs antoeriorly, expanders n quadhelix posteriorly 438)posterior cross bite in 40 year old: Maxillary osteotomy 439) NOT for tx of angina: thiazides 440)Choice for tx of angina: propanolol ( just propanolol in options not nitrates neither Ca channel blockers) 441)Ibuprofen: reversible inhibition 442)You’re restoring a deep carious lesion posterior tooth MOD and you realize the caries extends subgingivally. What do you IMMEDIATELY do - Crown lengthening 443) experiment was done n error 0.05 was goal bt when completed its 0.01.what type of error? type 1 type 2 no error (If probability less than 0.05- we reject null Hypothesis If more than 0.05- accept hypothesis In the question it’s 0.01-which is less than 0.05 thus we accept the hypothesis and it’s not an error ) 444)Ganglionic blocking agents cause = orthostatic hypotension 445)Monalisa face is scleroderma or sarcoidosis? 446)By inc the voltage in a Xray machine we can produce beams with...short wavelength , high frequency and high potency 447)supernumerary and hypodontia or anodontia in initiation dens in dente, tubercle, gemination, fusion:Cap stage 448)gay face?Melkersson-Rosenthal synd. 449)Dermatologist referred a patient? What problem?Ectodermal dysplacia 450)Which of the following lesion is strictly diagnosed from microscopic features A. Ameloblastoma B. OKC C. Fibroma 451)Topical fluoride in adult? In children??

Adult. Sodium fl Children. Apf 452)white color discoloration of teeth 11 whats reason ? hypocalcification , hypercalcification 453)1)Which one doesn’t have Macroglossia? Hyperthyroid, down syndrome, amyloidosis 454)What you can see in patient with muscle dystrophy? Lidocaine toxicity 455)The function of Igg in periodontitis? Binding to antigen receptors 456)Most common sites of oral melanoma? Tongue and palate, gingiva and palate, palate and lip 457)the most common problem in smokeless tobacco? Verrucous Carcinoma 458)Anova is variance test.Anova is short for analysis of variance 459)mean caries risk assessment among three group? a.chi square b.variance c.t test NOTE:More than 2 group or variable is variance Jus 2 group or mean is t test 460)saliva flow

unstimulated is 0.3 -0.5 ml stimulated is 1ml

461)80yr old man brought in by daughter and son in law, left facial pain. You observe 2x4 blue bruise on wrist. What to do? Ignore wrist and commence treatment, investigate cause of bruise, report bruise as suspected abuse, call patient aside and ask him(BENEFICIENCE case) 462)Chronic periodontitis has more prevalence in? black men 463)The least Radiosensitive cells in body? WBCs lymphocytes( muscles and bones most resistent) 463)A patient comes with 12 hours pain in mouth, has bunch of 1mm into 1mm ulcers in palate near tooth 14, what’s the diagnosis? Recurrent aphthous ulcer, recurrent herpes simplex 464)Bilateral swelling under tongue? Torus/mandibular tori 465)For a lesion in enamel that has remineralized, what most likely is true? 1. The enamel has smaller hydroxyapatite crystals than the surrounding enamel, 2. The remineralized enamel is softer than the surrounding enamel, 3. The remineralized enamel is darker than the surrounding enamel, 4. Theremineralized enamel is rough and cavitated 465)Pt starts wheezing on expiration(Asthma pt) what will u NOT do:

a. Steroid inhaler B. B2 agonist C. Give oxygen D. Put Pt in comfortable position 466)Most common neoplasm in mouth? benign: fibroma, Malignant: SCC 467)A 2 years child with fever 101 F, red gum, gingivitis, most probably has the? It’s because of tooth eruption, primary herpes 468)The triad of syphilis? Hutchinson triad, Mulberry molars, Interstitial keratitis, 8 th never deafness 469)A man came to office just before closing said he has tooth infection and wants to see dr ASAP! You see no infection but generalized gingivitis and calculus, you want to prescribe him NSAID but he got belligerent and want some sort of medication (I can’t remember but it was most probably AB), he says I won’t go unless get the prescription, what do you do? Call 911, refer him to specialist, prescribe what he wants and dismiss him 470)Ectodermal dysplasia: sparse hair, no sweat glands missing teeth 471)Cleidocranial dysplasia: no clavicle 472)Postsurgical painkiller for patient with history of sleep apnea? Hydrocodone with acetaminophen, tramadol, 2% lido with 1/100k epi, Opoids CI with sleep apnea 473)The best drug for a 55 female who is very stressful, through sedation? Midazolam 474)Highest rate of fraction in MOD amalgam? Upper Molar, lower molars, upper premolar, lower premolars 475)Patient came for crown prep you took the vital sign BP 160 /100 what you do : reschedule Retake the vital sign in 15 minutes Call patient physician Give patient nitrousgylesrine 476)hypodontia is loss of:Weird option,Maxilla,Mandible,Alveolar bone 477)Doc let the kids listen to his favorite song.The kids will not be anxious why? Because he get distracted Because the doc let him listen to the song as prize 478)The percentage of people in USA taking fluoridate water? 36, 53, 74, 86 479)How protamine reduces the effect of heparin? Protamine binds with heparin forms salt and prevent anticoagulation 480) Which one can become malignant:Schwannoma,Neurofibromatosis,MEN 3,Mucosal neuromas 481)What is not correct about smoking in periodontitis? Increase cervical fluid, increase the pathogenic bacteria 482)Unilateral fibrous dysplasia of mandible, they said teeth not in place

483) Epulis fissuartum differential diagnosis:I chose traumatic fibroma 484)Dental lamina formation initiation time? 2-week, 6-week, 11 weeks 485)The distance for cephalometric? 5 feet, 6 feet 486)ecchymosis 3 days after molar extraction due to? Fibrinolysis, vascular fragility? 487)If we have decay we use large bur and start from central or peripheral? 488)initial step to tx of dry socket? AB, light curettage, dressing 489)most common in facial cellulitis? Leukocytosis, leukopenia, neutropenia 490)the appliance which is both tissue and tooth born? Nancy, quad helix, lingual arch 491)disadvantage of cemented abutment in implant? Leaving the cement, can’t perform minor angulation adjustment? 492)All are negative sequele to extraction of mesiodens other than Necrosis of 7 Necrosis of 8 Necrosis of 6 Non eruption of 7 Non eruption of 8 493)the height of abutment in overdenture according to? #of implants, implant diameter, gingival height 494)which impression material is not appropriate for casting? irreversible hydrocolloid, reversible hydrocolloid 495)the bacteria present in plaque after 2 days? Cocci rod, cocci filaments, just cocci, 496)antiviral which is good for CMV, VZV, and HSV: valaciclovir, Retrovir, Indinavir, Amantadine 497)the meaning of allopathy? it is modern science from alternative medicine view 498)Brown staining at gingival of a newly placed crown (after a month)? Microleakage, Amid, not enough cement 499)The exposure time was 1 s with the mp=10, you just changed the exposure time to 0.5 s in the same other elements what’s the new mp? 15, 20, 5, 10 500)What’s true about osteoradionecrosis? Most common in-patient taking bisphosphonate 501) In mandibular lateral translator movement established for rpd, what will affect lateral translation of “occlusal waxing”(exact phrase) Protrusive movement Retrusive movement Hinge movement lateral movement

502)The displacement of odontoblastic nuclei caused by:Thermal, mechanical, chemical 503) most common who went through radiation more than 43 gray, most common in mandible 504)Highest rate of fraction in MOD amalgam? Upper Molar, lower molars, upper premolar, lower premolars 505)The cleft lip and palate in Caucasian? 1/700, 1/500, 1/100 506) how competitive antagonists works? Reversibly bind to active site, irreversibly bind to active site 507)which catecholamine works both as preganglionic and postganglionic neurotransmitter? EPI, Norepi, Ach, Dopamine 508) the most important factor when restoring the incisal edge of tooth #8 for 14 yrs patient? Hue, value, chroma, transparency 509) a newly placed class IV composite, everything looks good except the too light shade, the most conservative treatment? Replace, tint 510)what the Montelukast do? Block leukotriene receptors 511)a dental hygienist got hired by 3 dentists in a clinic who are shareholders with the same level. He haphazardly punctured patient’s mucosa, who is responsible? The dental hygienist, the hygienist and supervisor, the hygienist and all three dentists 512)the meaning of conjugation? Bio transformation of drugs. 513)best test for tooth with full crown? EPT, thermal, palpation, radiographic 514)patient got light headed, with stiff muscle and unconscious for a few minutes and after that he couldn’t remember what happened? Status epilepticus, grand mal, absence seizure, clonic seizure 515) patient listening to her favorite music by headphone during dental procedure, what kind of modification is this? Behavior shaping, positive reinforcement, classic conditioning 516)what is not true about voice control? It is a mild punishment, the volume and tone need to be changed, it’s for distracting child’s attention 517) In mandibular lateral translator movement established for rpd, what will affect lateral translation of “occlusal waxing”(exact phrase) Protrusive movement Retrusive movement Hinge movement lateral movement 518)You raise a full mucoperiosteal flap to instrument in the pocket, after reposition of the flap where resorption occurs more =radicular or interdenta crest? 519)What percentage of hydrogen peroxide should be used for debriding the intraoral wound?A. 3,B. 10,C.20,D.37

520) brachycephaly is seen in which syndrome:downs synd. 521)how will u compare bacteria in peri implantitis and severe periodontitis :same gram -ve anarrobic 522)You want to bleach, what you wont do : a.place base on rct gutta percha b.low concentration of peroxide c.remove 6mm of gp from cej(remove 2 mm. Source DD) d.use heat to activate bleach 523)gingivectomy can be done with best prognosis in: mucogingival defect,pocket reduction,enlargement,crown lengthening 524)sliding flap indications:apically displaced 525)When u publish an article, which is the most important point that u consider ?Methodology 526)A 45-year-old patient has undergone scaling and root planing in all 4 quadrants. The oral hygiene of the patient is excellent but generalized 5 mm and 6 mm pockets remain that bleed upon probing. What is the next step and the best treatment for the patient? A- Periodontal surgery B- Maintenance therapy C- local drug delivery D- additional round of scaling and root planning 527) if patient moves within 1 second of taking opg - underdeveloped(Movement of pt increase penumbra and blurring) 528) Between patients, how you disinfect the area, long sentences Spray detergent an allow 10 Preclean area and then apply disinfectant for 10 mins Spray disinfectant allow 10 min then clean Preclean apply disinfectant 10 mins before next appointment Spray disinfectant, detergent and use dry paper towels 529)Activation range of the ortho wire can be increased by: increasing the length of ortho wire , increasing strength and decreasing stiffness of wire 530)Patient is taking Ibuprofen and tca what will not cause interaction :naproxen,Aspirin,Carbocaine, Lidocaine with Epi 531) Patient wants overnight pain relief, best medication:6 nsaids in options, no ibu, acetamino, opioids I chose naproxen 532)What can make you get false results when probing a sulcus:Excessive subgingival calculus and the probe can’t touch the bottom of the sulcus 533)Countersinking in implants, options were size of abutment n fixture:enlarging the coronal end of osteotomy/ widens the entrance of reciepient site and fixture is ntg but implant 534)Distance between implant and fpd...1.5mm

535). Short case: chief complaint : I want teeth. upper teeth good, no disease, no med, 40 years occasional smoker.5-6 anteriors remaining, all fair prognosis, not the best, some bone loss n pockets, grade 1 mobility, few wid caries, one canine was perfect. What is the best prostho treatment plan only for lower tat u WONT suggest:distal extension rpd Remove all teeth and give complete denture Fpd and rpd 536)Sheets of neutrophils found in :2 types of leukemia,Abcess ,Granuloma 537)phantom bone disease oral manifestation:Mobile teeth 538)caries prevention procedures are : selants ------ pit and fissures flouride------- smooth proximal surfaces 539)LA with epinephrine contraindicated in parkinsonism if pt taking levodopa.(this is an information from Parkison.org : • Be careful when using local anesthetic agents containing epinephrine in patients being treated with levodopa< and entacapone< because these patients may experience an exaggerated effect on blood pressure and heart rate. It is PRUDENT to administer no more than 0.05 mg of epinephrine – as is found in three cartridges of 2% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine – per 30 minute period, with careful aspiration to avoid intravascular administration) 540)Composite color stability related to: TEGDMA 541) Difficult to change: increase value 542)small case 24 yrs pt, a white scrapable lesion what is the least likely :candidiasis, leukemia, ketatotic lesion 543)Least likely to need bone graft?3 walls defect Narrow(because According to number of walls remaining is the classification made for intrabony defects. One wall defect means only one wall is remaining that means you can pass the probe through and through the furcation, 3 walls remaining means good for bone graft) 543)Most harder to clean:ovate, modified ridge,conical,hygienic Note:most used is modified ridge 544)Crown/root fracture where most?Maxillary central incisor 545)What about root canal treated tooth? Which is most prone to fracture ?max 1st premolar . 546)More endodontically treated is man 1st molar 547)Most failure of RCT with Max 1st molar 548)dentist not behaving well with colleagues and staff:A. Beneficence, B. non maleficence, C. veracity, D. justice 549)if distance goes from 16 inch to 8 inch. Change in intensity:A. Double B. 4 times(inversely proportional) C. Half D. One fourth 550)7 year-old patient fractured the right central incisor 3 hours ago. A clinical examination reveals a 2-mm exposure of a "bleeding”:pulpotomy and apexogensis 551)white race have highest occlusal caries in permenant teeth

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552)Blacks men highest rate in periodontal diseases/chronic periodontitis/mod. perio. 553)Blacks highest rare in Diabetes M??? 554)Mostly cancer ssc: white males 555)oral salivary gland- most tendency for malignancy is in minor glands, otherwise tendency of neoplasm is maximum in Parotid. 556) Highest prevalence of caries: Hispanic 557)Highest DMFT: White (caucasians)-highest amount of restored teeth 558)highest untreated primary teeth:Hispanic 559)highest untreated perm. Teeth:black(african american) 560)class2 caries: white (caucasians) 561)class 3 caries : black (african american) 562)cleft lip/palate w/ class 3 malocclusion.: Native americans 563)cleft lip :Asians 564)class2 malocclusions:whites of northern eastern descent 565)class 3 malocclusion: black(african americans) or asians 566)caucasians have more lip cancer while african americans have more oropharangeal cancer 567)Oropharangeal cancer is more common and lethal in males 568)lip cancer more lethal in females 569)ant. Open bite african americans 570)Deep bite: caucasians(white) 571)cemento osseous dysplasia: black middle aged woman 572)diffuse sclerosing osteomyelitis:black middle aged woman 573)length of manual toothbrush can penetrate sulcus closely as compared to floss:1mm toothbrush, 2-3mm floss. 574)The higher modulus of elasticity of a chromium-cobalt-nickel alloy, compared to a Type IV gold alloy, means that chromium- cobalt-nickel partial denture clasp will require A. a heavier cross section for a clasp arm., B. a shorter retentive arm.,C. more taper., D. a shallower undercut. 575)levonordefrin and epinephrine act on which receptor?alpha 1 576)patient on corticosteroids difficult to manage why Cardiac arrhythmia Hypotension Increase Basal metabolic rate 577)nasty white lesion on floor of mouth, suspect of except: Scc, Verrucous carcinoma, Leukoplakia, Nicotinic stomatitis(Tx:incisional biopsy)

578)When referring a mesialized 32 with irreversible pulpitis with curved roots for RCT,what’s the least important: curve roots, Canal calcification, Difficulty with anesthesia,Inclination of tooth 579)one case of lady around 40yrs old she has macular on tongue with 1.5*2cm n one more thing what it can be ?Neurofibromatosis, Addison’s disease ,Peutz jeghers

580) Which muscle is SPAM in non working movement:A.Masseter, B. lateral, C. medial, D. temporal 581)Patient has untreated chemical burn at corner of mouth that has healed, What are ramifications?A. Lingual dentition B. labial displacement C. Decrease Vertical dimension 582)a study failed to to recognize people without the disease.false positive,false negative,positive predictive,negative predictive 583)First sign of opioid toxicity?blue or purple finger nails and lips, pinpoint pupil and unresponsiveness to voice and touch 584)Child is taking .7 ppm fluoride-1. Optimum and beneficial(law of 6) 2. too much, 3. too low 585)Facial frenum in mandible is? Buccal frenum: Depressor anguli oris ' Triangularis'. 586)Antibiotics in Parkinson’s: Penicillin, Pen V ,Pen G 587)patient with almost all teeth but very bad oral hygiene. Dentist decide to present a treatment plan extracting all their teeth assuming that the patient is not going to improve this habits he is violating which code??autonomy,nonmaleficence, beneficence, veracity

588)Oroantral fistula persist more than 6 weeks what's your management?It will resolve with the time, Ab and nasal decongestant, Flap surgery and nasal decongestant, Dressing and suture 589)64. Adult guy walked in issues with molar need to extract. Gave nerve block and pt said face numb, begin to luxate and he shouts in pain . You can do all except А. Give GA, В. give supplemental pulpal anesthesia to what you already gave, C. Give intraosseous supplemental, D. sedate with NO 590)child loses primary canine prematurely then what happens? A. Ectopic eruption, B. Delayed eruption,C. Rotation 591)When does enamel calcification end? A 6-12 months before eruption B 1 year after eruption C 2 years after eruption 592)PMMA,, as it's doesn't discolor in UV ray, chemically stable and pigment can be added and easily cleaned TEGDMA-- TO reduce viscosity(bis GMA extremely viscous) and provide good consistency and manipulation properties.. UDMA- to form highly cross linked, strong, rigid durable polymer structure with bisGMA HEMA-Is used for light curable property 593)sooo BISGMA-UDMA —- viscous +TEGDMA=dec viscosity 594)How long does it take to completely recover from alcohol abuse 18 MOS 3 yrs 5 yrs 595)High Volume suction is placed : At the working side, Under tongue, Opposite working side, All of above 596) Drug doesn’t first pass by liver:articain 597)experiment was done n error 0.05 was goal bt when completed its 0.01.what type of error? type 1, type 2, no error 598)place of melanoma?least:floor of mouth, mostly: hard palate and alveolar ridge 599)Type of seizure that kids loss the attention:seizure mal 600)After Iv antibiotic patient start hypotension tachycardia =anaphylaxis 601)Associated with smokeless tobaco= verrocous carcinoma 602)after implant placement, an edentulous patient should ?a. avoid wearing anything for 2 weeks b. immediately have healing abutments placed over the implants, c. should wear an immediate denture to protect the implant sites

603)for right hand dentist , dental assistant zone :8-11 o'clock ,11-2 o'clock,2-4 o'clock All above

604)Grasping hve:Thumb to nose grasp and pen grasp

605)Frankle behavior uncooperative =2

frankle behaviour ranking for child 1- very uncoperative 2- uncooperative 3- cooperative though nagging 4- very cooperative

606)How to make the clasp more flexible:use wrought wire 607)Best type of bone for implant = type 1 608)Most responsible for success of direct pulp capping? 1) Size of pulp exposure less than 0.75. 2) isolation 609)Which of the following is least affected by occlusal trauma?A. Alveolar bone,B. ging. Attachment,C. perio. Ligament, D. cementum 610)What is most dependent on time?? Chroma value translucency hue 611)Pt undre minor surgery+ IV sedation, he is also diabetic, so what to do? a.Take food+ insulin dose B. take liquid + half dose c.take liquid + full dose d.no food+ no insulin NOTE: Type 1 = No food+ half insulin Type 2 = No food + no insulin 612)When u start see microlekage in composite without rubber dam :2-4 wks 613)most common site for caries initiation? Pits and fissures 614)Benzodiazepines is for anterograde amnesia and Meadazolam is for retrograde amnesia

615)class IV composites: If its light then just add composite darker If change color and margin good then just remove alittle bit and add composite If change color and margin is not good redo 616)vestibuloplasty what muscle has to be medicated ? buccinator , mental , master , mylohoid 617)Porcelain green stain in gingival third ? Copper 618)Porcalin green stain whole crown? Silver 619)actisite is periochip?Chlx 2.5 mg 620)Which agency is responsible for dental materials and technology?A. FDA, B. ADA ,C. OSHA D. Other 621)pt come after 6month of radiotherapy need to RPD which material use in impression a.Rubber ,b.compound,c.ZOE ,d.plater of paries note:Rubber & alginate ...we can't use Zoe or plaster they can cause mucositis 622)What cannot be on tongue?A- Ectopic thyroid,B- Peripheral giant cell,C- Pyogenic Granuloma 623) Pocket depth?A- CEJ to apical of probe B- Free gingival margin to base to pocket C- mucogingival groove to alveolar crest D- Other options 624)placement of orthodontic brackets - does it require premedication?i mean antibiotic prophylaxis? NO NOTE: Bands Yes Brackets NO 625)Class 2 predominant in? Caucasians 626)Class 3 predominant in?Asians 627)3. Panoramic with ossified styloid process. Which syndrome? Eagles syndrome 628)Which of the following drugs is associated with the reaction of hepatitis? A. Valproic acid B. Quinidine C. Isoniazid D. Ethosuximide 629) Which of the following drugs is associated with the reaction of Stevens-Johnson syndrome? A. Valproic acid B. Quinidine C. Isoniazid D. Ethosuximide 630) Which of the following drugs is associated with the reaction of Tendon dyfunction? A. Digitalis B. Niacin C. Tetracycline D. Fluoroquinolones 631) Amalgam filling with a blue surrounding. What is it? Corossive agents 632) Advantage of oxide layer formation around metal framework in a prosthesis? 633) Reason for NO sedation in kids? No need for TSD, uncooperative kid, mentally disabled kid 634)Dental wear caused by tooth-to-tooth contact is _____. Abrasion, attrition, erosion, abfraction

635)Your examination reveals a probing pocket depth of 6 mm on the facial of tooth 30. The free gingival margin is 2 mm apical to the CEJ (there is 2-mm recession on the facial). How much attachment loss has there been on the facial of this tooth? 6mm, 2mm, 4mm, 8mm 636)Occlusal loading resulting in tooth flexure, mechanical microfractures, and loss of tooth substance in the cervical area is _____. Abrasion, attrition, erosion, abfraction 637)The distance from the CEJ to the base of the pocket is a measure of _____. CAL, oprobing depth, gingival recession, alveolar bone loss 638)in general, what species are predominant in supragingival tooth-associated attached plaque?gram positive cocci facultative anaerobes 639) Picture of gingival hyperplasia…Reason. The first reason was epilepsy and the last option was phenytoin. I went with phenytoin 640)Colored tiny spot on the internal surface of lower lip, what’s the most probable diagnosis?A- melanotic macule, B- melanotic nevus 641) Patient has 2 mm ulcer on tip of tongue since 2 months. What do you do next - Biopsy, cauter, excision, incision 642) Patient with bleeding gums says he hasn't been able to brush and maintain OH since a few months because of pain and bleeding. Nikolskys sign positive What next - Scaling root planing, wait and observe, biopsy and immunofluorescence. note:lichen Planus biopsy Pemphigus pemphigoid immunofluresence 643) Mandibular molar infection passes through lingual cortex to what space - submandibular space 644) Mucocele on lip due to what trauma to minor salivary gland duct -Crushing of duct in minor salivary gland, sialolith in minor salivary gland, blocked minor salivary gland ducts with mucous plugs 645)Patient with chronic blocked or constricted nasal cavity/ What will you see- Open bite, TX: Expanded molar molar arch distance maxilla 646)Least favorable eruption pattern- Canines erupt before premolars, 2nd molar erupts before 1 premolar, incisors erupt before 1 molar 647) Purpose of indirect retainer - Prevent from vertical dislodgment of denture 648)Know what bilateral balanced occlusion is - helps to distribute forces equally in centric and eccentric and maintains stability 649) Which of these is not an advantage of 3/4th crown - retention 650) Kennedy class 3 mod 1 what is the major support structure? - tooth supported

651)What feature of low firing porcelain makes it good for crowns marginal strength esthetics something else dont remember - low firing is done for pfm to prevent distortion of metal 652) Bacteria involved in caries initiation - S. Mutans 653) Which bacteria contributes to but does not intitiate caries - lactobacilli 654) Main Purpose of diagnostic test - Recreate symptoms, symptomatic relief 655) Surface defects and porosities cause - 656) Immunoglobulins main function - defensive , antibodies Initiate compliment cascade, Opsonisation 657) Pick a test that does not look for bacteria or their products/metabolites it had immunoflorescnce, DNA analysis, Biopsy 658) Which of these should you not do to get a better adaptation/fit of crown - i chose alter liner’s water powder ratio 659) What are the obstructions while trying to increase attached gingiva in mandible 2 and 3 molar: buccal shelf or external Oblique ridge 660)Bullimia nervosa prevelance more in ? females 661) Which of the following general principles of flap surgery will you apply if you are trying to expose 3 molar for extraction - 662) During an alveoloplasty you end up with interdental bone level lower than radicular bone.what do you observe-reverse architecture 663) Radiograph panoramic with radioopacity in maxillary sinus area - antral pseudocyst 664) How to avoid legal malpractice suits-keep a record of all treatments procedures, discuss treatment with patient take inputs and involve them more. 665) What quality should a dentist possess to make sure a problem does not go to an extent where the patient decides to sue- being able to defend your Decisions/choices . Other choices were communicate smoothly, good pleasing personality 666) Which of the following lead to changes in ways traditional dentistry is practiced - ability of hygienists to own practices 667) Why elastomeric impressions are not used for bite registration - they perforate easily 668) Hyperventilation causes- respiratory alkasosis - true

669) Pregnant patient third semester 32 weeks lying down on dental chair suddenly has bradycardia - Inferior venacava ... pressure on ivc... Make her lie on left with right hip up 15 degrees 670). Vinyl polysiloxane and latex gloves reaction - sulfur reaction 671) With which drug when you give epinephrine initially there is tachycardia but later there is bradycardia- propranolol 672) Adrenal crisis:Adrenal crisis is a medical emergency and potentially life-threatening situation requiring immediate emergency treatment. It is a constellation of symptoms that indicate severe adrenal insufficiency caused by insufficient levels of the hormone cortisol

Characteristic symptoms are:Sudden penetrating pain in the legs, lower back or abdomen, Confusion, psychosis, slurred speech, Severe lethargy, Convulsions, Fever, Hyperkalemia (elevated potassium level in the blood), Hypercalcemia (elevated calcium level in the blood): the cause of hypercalcemia is a combination of increased calcium input into the extracellular space and reduced calcium removal by the kidney, this last caused by decreased glomerular filtration and increased tubular calcium reabsorption. Both renal factors are secondary to volume depletion and, in fact, improve rapidly during rehydration with saline infusion, Hypoglycemia (reduced level of blood glucose), hyponatremia (low sodium level in the blood), Hypotension (low blood pressure), Hypothyroid (low T4 level), Severe vomiting and diarrhea, resulting in dehydration, Syncope (loss of consciousness and ability to stand)

Acute adrenal insufficiency is a medical emergency and needs to be treated with injectable hydrocortisone and fluid support.

673)Thyroid crises:Thyroid storm is a rare but severe and potentially life-threatening complication of hyperthyroidism (overactivity of the thyroid gland). It is characterized by a high fever(temperatures often above 40 °C/104 °F), fast and often irregular heart beat, elevated blood pressure, vomiting, diarrhea, and agitation. Hypertension with a wide pulse pressure occurs in early to mid crisis, with hypotension accompanying shock occurring in the late stage. Heart failure and heart attack may occur. Death may occur despite treatment. Most episodes occur either in those with known hyperthyroidism whose treatment has been stopped or become ineffective, or in those with untreated mild hyperthyroidism who have developed an intercurrent illness (such as an infection).

The primary treatment of thyroid storm is with inorganic iodine and antithyroid drugs (propylthiouracil or methimazole) to reduce synthesis and release of thyroid hormone. Temperature control and intravenous fluids are also mainstays of management. Beta

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thyroid_storm#cite_note-Klubo-2

blockers are often used to reduce the effects of thyroid hormone. Patients often require admission to the intensive care unit.

674) Sodium hypochlorite use - root canal irrigation 5.25%

675)Calcium hydroxide use - direct pulp capping, IRM, Intracanal medicament and root perforation repair 676) 45. New studies found relationship between periodontitis and Cardio vascular disease - true 677) Girl and mom come in mom says i dont like my daughters crooked teeth . Question explained that the Child had a large radiolucent lesion empty with no lining from premolar to molar. What is it.-traumatic bone cyst 668) Denture clicks on talking - decreased vdo or decreased interocclusal space i.e - increased VDO 669)Least potential for addiction - Schedule 5 - TRUE 670) T/F Statement 1: Improved oral hygiene in cases where systemic disease or nutritional deficiency present, has an effect on incidence of chronic periodontitis Statement 2: It also has effect on intensity of chronic periodontitis - both true 671) Periodontal surgery patient, what should you prescribe to clean large embrasures: Floss, interdental brush 672) Which radiographs does sinus cavity look like its below the maxillary roots.- bisecting angle 673)Tooth least with 2 canals- mandibular incisors or maxillary incisors? 674) Hardest to do extrinsically on a PFM crown-Change hue, change chroma, increase value, decrease value 675) What among chroma hue transculency and value is the most dependent on time 676) Internal component implant- hex 677)Sedation main advantage- Gag reflex 678)Old patient walks into clinic doesnt remember his medical conditions just wants treatment. -Ask him for ID and call his family/relatives 679)Active restraining for all except - old patient with disability , young child with behavioral problems, compliant adolescent 680)Head and neck radiation what caries? Root, smooth, proximal, all. 681)Case control-odd Irrelevant -cross sectional Incident-cohort Prevalent-cross section 682) Recent increase in prevalence of - Root caries

683) Duration of action pulpal anesthesia 2% lidocaine- 30 minutes (15-20mins) 684) You’re working on a patient making an inlay/onlay (dont remember which one), for him MOD which of these are not reasons why you give a gingival bevel, so you prevent removal of more tooth structure near gingival seat, so you have proper finishing, for proper adaptation, removal of unsupported enamel 685) Posterior composite restoration success depends on: Technique and case selection or resin selection and size of cavity 686) Pulp capping success depends on Isolation or bleeding point less than 0.75? 687) Carious lower 2nd molar, sinus tract buccally. How to best detect source of infection?periapical radiograph, biopsy excision 688) MOA ibuprofen - non selective Cox and reversible inhibitor 689) MOA antihistamines - competitively block H1 H2 gastric 690) What drug is given to prevent asthma attack - Albuterol, theophylline 691) Color stabiliy - with less amines, more amines, because of addition of TEGDMA , because of addition of HEMA 692) Which is not a factor to determine if remineralization has occurred - texture color age of patient location 693)Increased visibility of lower teeth and decreased of upper among- older adults - true class 3 profile 694)Sinus tract-rct Abcess-inc &drainage 695)Best and worst moist stable impression is ?Polyether is the best, irreversible hydrocolloids are the worst 696)Dental waterline should be flushed at the beginning of day for: 30 seconds 697) Anodontia and Oligodontia found? Ectodermal dysplasia 698) A shy child means overprotective parenting. 699)Color is usually described according to the Munsell color space in terms of hue, value, and chroma. Hue is the attribute of a color that enables the clinician to distinguish between different families of color, whereas value indicates the lightness of a color. Chroma is the degree of color saturation. When color is determined using the Munsell system, value is determined first followed by chroma. Hue is determined last by matching with shade tabs of the value and chroma already determined. note:with time Chroma increases and value decreases and teeth become more translucent with age 700) A 13 YO child with sinus tract from 8 and the apex ia open. What is the treatment? Apexification, apexogenesis, root end surgery, root canal treatment. 701)warfarin Prothrombin time measured test performed INR

702)What is tipping? What is uprighting? Torque? Tipping- crown moves in one direction, root- in opposite Torque- controlled root movement while crown is stable M-D root movement is uprighting 703)Cellulitis is not always present with fluctuant swelling. Antibiotics is main treatment 704) the most definative clinical sign indicating extension of an odontogenic infection into masticator space is TRISMUS. 705)Trismus may also result from passing throught which muscle during IAN block? Medial pterygoid 706)Submandibular space= Submaxillary + submandibular+sublingual space 707)onical shaped caries w/ broad base with apex towards pulp is commonly seen in? a. root caries � b. smooth caries � c. pit/fissure caries 708)Dx of pit and fissure caries, explorer catch, or dark stained grooves? 709)enamel caries best detected by explorer catch, pit and fissure stain. 710)40 y pt w/ all 32 teeth. No cavities. Has stain & catch in pit of molar. what do you do? a. watch and observe b. sealant c. composite 711)if you inadvertently seal over caries what happens?arrested caries 712)Caries die- marks denatured collagen.only stains affected dentin, not infected dentin 713)How does caries indicator work? A colored dye in an organic base adheres to the denatured collagen which distinguishes between infected dentin and affected dentin.Bind to surface collagen of caries 714)if dentist has personal relationship with patient what ethic code is violating: non-maleficence 715)What type of caries detection is the Dyfoti used for?occlusal, class1 pit and fissures detection of incipient, frank and recurrent caries, demineralization 716)X ray of fibrous dysplasia like 15 year old girl complain of unilateral growth of her face Bone deformation,Not occlusion(note:it can affect occlusion)

717) 718)

719)Incidence of caries in your office this year is 300 out of 1000, last year it was 200, so what is it for this year? 300-200/1000= 100/1000= 0.1 QUESTION: dentist has 300/1000 patients with periodontitis; last year only 200 had periodontitis what is the incidence for this year: 10% 720)Mental-permissiveness Developmental-consistency 721)Radiographic decay most closely resemble which zone of carious enamel? Body zone*, dark zone, translucent zone, surface zone 722)When looking at a radiograph, what zone of caries are you looking at? Body zone Demineralization. 723)N: DMFS is for surfaces including 3rd molars 0-160, for primary use def index

Irreversible-t test -caries index 724)which of the following acronyms is only used for kids? PI, def, DMF, OHI-S 725)Differences between 245 and 330 burs- 245 bur is 3mm in length, 330 is 1.5mm. All other dimensions the same except for length. note:330 for peds,because shorter and large pulp chambers in pedo 726)What is TRUE in regard to the preparation of occlusal rests:A. Use an inverted cone bur B. Use a flat fissure bur C. Parallel to occlusal plane D. At right angle to the long axis of tooth E. None of the above 727)Dovetail increases retention and resistance 728)Beclomethasone (Beconase AQ) is used for bronchial asthma because it: A- Has a short duration of action�B- Stimulates beta adrenergic receptors in the lung�C- Produces little adrenal suppression when administered by inhalation�D- Is only effective orally�E- Is less potent than cortisol 729)Cord with epinephrine?Necrosis or Tachycardia 730)Crown margin is visible what not to do? A. Crown lengthening,B. Coronally placed graft C. Sub gingival graft

731) 732)Sensitivity to cold and pressure two weeks after pfm? A. Vertical fracture B. Occlusal trauma 733)Sparse hair, dry skin, and other features. Patient is likely to have A. Atrophy of parotid gland B. Sjodgren syndrome C. Submandibular gland sialoliths D. Sublingual glad something 734)Microorganisms in ANUG before initiation of necrosis:spirochetes

735)premed

Case 1 If the patient pressure drops (or start to feel dizzy not sure) during the dental treatment, what’s the most probable cause? a) Orthostatic hypotension b) Gestational hypotension c) Other options 1- She will have an extraction and you need to decide what medicine give her? A-Tylenol 3 B- More Tramadol C- More Percocet D Ibuprofen 2. Which schedule is Percocet? ANS 2 oxycodone + acetminophen 3. Who must give prescription for schedule 2 drugs? a) Dentist or Dental assistant have to call b) No prescription needed for refill c) Physician or other option d) Needs written prescription 735)FDA is conducting a clinical trial about a new drug on animals and human. What is the phase 3 of this study? a. to see if the drug is cancerous on animal or not b. to find the effective dose of the drug c. to find the MOA of drug 736)Pterygomandibular raphe bw buccinator and superior constrictor muscle

737)Which controls materials guys?ADA OR FDA 738)Mercury controlled by asda, fda or osha?ADA Note: EPA for transportation From office to other place 739)A study in the nursing home to see the incidence of cases?cohort 740)What doesn't need an antibiotic prophylaxis : minor ortho movement or perio probing? 741)acyclovir -dna polymerase 742)what does hyperbaric do? revascularization of bone. To treat osteoradionecrosis by angiogenesis. tx helps the fastest healing in bone or wound 743)

744)Dentist acting??2 glasses of wine at lunch-illegal, Sex with pt-ethical issue, and advertising prices on the web - is liability 745)In examining a maintenance patient, the dentist observes residual calculus, bleeding on probing, and probing depths less than 5 mm. The dentist should do which of the following?A- Scaling and root planing , B- Osseous surgery, C- Continued maintenance, D- Open flap debridement 746)distal 2nd molar with moderate pocket and inadequate keratinized gingiva which contraindicated? Distal wedge or gingivectomy 747)Protrusive interference is on distal slope of upper teeth and mesial slope of mand 748)percentage of fluoride in 1ppm?1 ppm -1 mg then should be 0.1% If asking in NaF then its half so =0.5 749)Horizontal root fracture of middle third AND crown is slightly mobile Splinting it, And recall patient OR OBSERVE?

750)gingivectomy can be done with best prognosis in:mucogingival defect, pocket reduction, enlargement, crown lengthening 751)APF for crown lengthening 752)Which of the following is the most important factor in determining patient satisfaction with dentures?A- Dentist-patient relationship, B- Bone height for denture fit C- Patient personality traits , D- Technical quality of the denture, E- Cultural definitions of esthetics 753)Which of the following analgesics has the greatest margin of safety for a patient with renal disease? A- Acetaminophen (Tylenol) , B- Flurbiprofen, C- Ibuprofen (Motrin), D- Ketoprofen, E- Keterolac (Toradol) 754)What is important in single implant tooth replacement? A- smooth interface, B- connecting the implant to neighbouring teeth, C- broad contact with neighbouring teeth, D- countering anatomy of opposing tooth ( or other option not sure)

755) 756)Best bone type for implant placement and osteointegration?- Type 1, - Type 2

757)Best location for implant retention and osteointegration: - Anterior mandible - Posterior mandible

758)Mucocele on lip due to what trauma to minor salivary gland duct -Crushing of duct in minor salivary gland, sialolith in minor salivary gland, blocked minor salivary gland ducts with mucous plugs 759)Exhale wheezing: COPD and Asthma 760)Based solely on the sharp transient response of pulp to hot stimuli, what is the periradicular diagnosis? a. Acute apical periodontitis b. Cannot diagnose based on information provided. c. Acute Apical abscess d. Irreversible pulpitis 761)face bow that can allow alteration in VDO .arbitrary, kinematic, hinge axis

762)Hygienist has a contract with 3 dentists partners . One day she did a damage for a patient . Who will be responsible legally ? A) The hygienist only, B)The hygienist and the dentist that she is working on his clinic that day, C) the hygienist and the 3 dentists 763)Antithyroid medications may cause which of the following .• Wegener's Granulomatosis • Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis • Agranulocytosis 764)Crohns disease manifestations options: • Enamel hypoplasia • Amelogenesis • Granulomas ….Aphthous ulcers 765)Most common mid face fracture:Nose, Zygomaticomaxillary note:nasal : adult frontal : kids 766)Drug not given im Asthma?NSAIDs 767)Aspirin can precipitate asthma 768)Composite color stability related to: Udma(if not in option then Bisgma) BisGMA an uDMA are very viscous and TEgdma which is less viscous is added to lower the visocity 769)5yrs necrotic pulp E (central) with sinus tract treatment:Extraction, Pulpectomy note:sinus tract formation is there so periapical area is affected that may lead to problem with developing tooth bud plus chances of space closure in incisors area is less so that's why anterior space maintainer are not mandatory in anterior incisor area so Ext 770)Overall stability:HEMA. Colour 771)Pt has bilateral white line at occlusal plane .What is primary finding?linea alba 772)Does mitral valve prolapse with regurgitation needs antibiotic prophylaxis?yes 773)Mod amalgam pain can be also cracked tooth

774)Onlay axial walls ?Converge Or Diverge

775)Function of opaque porcelain? Mask oxide layer 776)Attachment loss is From CEJ to base of pocket 777)Kid after baseball trauma, tooth is broken (dentin with exposure), no signs of laceration, tooth fragment was not found, what best for diagnosis: panoramic, periapical with different angulation , MRI 778)Least effective in treatment of class 2 furcation :Floss or Water pick 779)Turner incisors:Trauma during pregnancy Or Trauma during delivery 780)Before pit and fissure sealants:Polish with polishing paste ,Polish with polishing disc, Smoothing of occlusal surfaces Stones are most often in which duct...submandibular...whartons duct 781)How to increase resistance for a full gold crown?,change margin to champher , Proximal grooves , Buccal grooves ,Lingual grooves 782)A Patient who has been wearing a maxillary denture for 15 years notices multiple, reddened, nodular lesions on his palate. The lesions are soft and painless. The most likely diagnosis is: A- Torus palatinus B- Epulis fissuratum C- Nicotinic stomatitis D- Inflammatory papillary hyperplasia 783)Candida in cancer patients due to ?Immunosuppression causes candidiasis, Yes chemotherapy is the cause for candidiasis and also chemotherapy leads to immunosupression

784)

But if it was actually swelling of gingiva which means negative recession it would be then subtract instead of adding. + in recession and - in gingival enlargement. clinical attachment level is the measurement of the soft tissue in relation to CEJ ( fixed point on tooth )This can be synonymously used with attachment loss.

785)Pregnant lady, she has Percocet (as needed, no dose given, just a latin abbreviation used in prescriptions for “as needed”) and Tramadol (50 mg twice daily) prescribed. 1- She will have an extraction and you need to decide what medicine give her? A-Tylenol 3 B- More Tramadol C- More Percocet D- Ibuprofen. 786)Patient has latex allergy and needs dental treatment, which type of glove worn by the dentist will be safe for the patient ?? A. Nitrile glove B. Powdered latex glove C. Non powdered latex glove D. Vinyl glove So ANswer E. Two of the above F. Three of the above 787)which of the following conditions is associated with a greater risk for latex allergy? a-spina bifida b-cardiac hypertrophy c-peanut allergy D-autism 788)Microorganisms associated with ANUG 1. spirochetes 2. Fusobacterium 789)Micrograms associated before necrosis in ANUG 1. Spirochetes 2. Fusobacterium 790)Most common sites of oral melanoma? Tongue and palate, gingiva and palate, palate and lip 791)Bilateral swelling under tongue?(Sialolithiasis, unilateral) 792)A 55-year-old patient with a history of angina pectoris requires extraction of several teeth. Which of the following should NOT apply to this patient? A- Preoperative sedation B- Preoperative sublingual nitroglycerin C- Preoperative prophylaxis with an antibiotic D- Limiting the local anesthetic with epinephrine 1:100,000 to 4 ml

793)Repeated fracture of a metal ceramic partial fixed dental prosthesis is primarily caused by:A-Insufficient retention form, B- Improper firing schedule, C- Failure to use a metal conditioner,D- Inadequate framework design 794)Which characteristic is most frequently associated with osteoradionecrosis? A-Maxillary location B- History of radiation therapy with 42.50 Gy (4,250 rads) C- History of bisphosphonate usage D- Mandibular location 795)the most important factor when restoring the incisal edge of tooth #8 for 14 yrs patient? Hue, value, chroma, transparency 796)which catecholamine works both as preganglionic and postganglionic neurotransmitter? EPI, Norepi, Ach, Dopamine 797)patient got light headed, with stiff muscle and unconscious for a few minutes and after that he couldn’t remember what happened? Status epilepticus, grand mal, absence seizure, clonic seizure 798)patient listening to her favorite music by headphone during dental procedure, what kind of modification is this? Behavior shaping, positive reinforcement, classic conditioning 799)Which of the following would be LEAST likely to lead to the development of root surface caries on facial surfaces? A- Low salivary flow, B- Elevated levels of sucrose consumption ,C- Streptococcus sangrias dominating adjacent plaque, D- History of head/neck radiation therapy 800)A 55-year-old male patient, who is currently prescribed warfarin (Coumadin) 5 mg daily, requires surgical therapy. What is the most appropriate pre-surgical laboratory test? A- Fibrinogen time B- Partial thromboplastin time C- International normalized ratio D- Bleeding time Note:PTT - hemophilia, heparin Alcohol warfarin coumadin inr 801)The drug most commonly used to treat severe mental depression is a. Sodium b. Imipramine, c. Chlorpromazine, d. Tranylcypromine,e. Dextroamphetamine chlorpromazine is more for schizophrenia and Imipramine is and antidepressant. 802)Patient chief complaint I can't chew. She had maxillary hemisectomy what will u do A. Fabricate rpd, B. Refer prostho os for obturator, C. Refer os ,D. Refer pros same refer n obturator for speech given 803)Overdose of opioids causes somnolence-excess sleep 804)Chalky white appearance of teeth could be because of - Flourosis or - AI

805)Opioids are not given in obstructive sleep apnea opioids cause respiratory depression 806)The lesion between teeth 30 and 31 is treated by enucleation and curettage. Each of the following are risks with this procedure EXCEPT one. Which is the EXCEPTION? A- Devitalization of teeth 30 and 31 B- Damage to the lingual nerve C- Post-operative infection D- Damage to the inferior alveolar nerve E- Lesion recurrence 807)for how long hcv stays on surface A. 12 hours B. 3 hours C. 6 weeks D. 3 weeks 808)Emergency treat of a kid that has ingested large amount of fluoride: induce vomiting and call 911, have him drunk lots of milk or Ca containing liquid. DO NOT give sodium bicarbonate 809)18 years old girl, we cannot extract her wisdom tooth, why? 810)Diazepam-mediated effects include:A- Peripherally-acting muscle relaxation B- Lowering seizure Threshold C- Anterograde amnesia D- Analgesia(it is muscle relaxant n seiure drug ) 811)Hypertension medicine cause xerostomia ?adrenergic , yes 812)Xerostomia in 95% cuz of medicine 813)For class V abfraction same pt with xerostomia? GIC or resin hybrid ? 814)Liver toxicity which anesthesia ? articaine 815)PseudoCholinesterase is ester enzyme 816)Ideal occlusion in the adult population of the United States is-1.often (80-90%) 2.50-60% 3.20-30% 4.very rarely(0-5%)[70% class 1]

817) 818)recently introduced LA claimed to be as potent as prilocaine0.05%, 30mg, 4hrs period.33 cartridges? 1% = 10mg/ml

0.05% prilocaine= 0.5 mg/ ml One catridge is 1.8ml or 2ml approximately So in one catridge , 0.5* 1.8= 0.9mg prilocaine So for one catridge, 0.9mg How many catridges would make 30mg == 30/0.9= 300/9=33.33 catridges 819)Fracture at root apex: splinting for how many days? 4-6 weeks 820)Horizontal fracture - rigid splinting for 3 - 4 months 821)macroglosia seen in idiopathic muscle hypertrophy, gland hyperplasia, hemangioma, lymphangioma, down syndrome, beckwith-wiedemann syndrome, behmel syndrome, lingual thyroid, gargoylism, transient neonatal DM, trisomy 22, laband syndrome, lethal dwarfism of blomstrand,mucopolysaccharidoses, skeletal dysplasia of urbach, tollner syndrome, autosomal dominant inheritance,microcephaly and hamartoma of Wiedemann, infectious: hypothyroidism,cretinism,Diabetes, syphilis, amebic dysentry, ludwig angina, pneumonia,pemphigus, Rheumatic fever, small pox, typhoid, TB, actinomycosis, giant cell artiritis, candidiasis, scurvy, pellagra 822)leeway space on each side of the mandible and maxilla?max.3mm, and Mand.7mm 823)Blue bloater in copd

824)Pink puffer in emphysema 825)Diagnose Chronic apical abscess vs Chronic periodontal abscess Ept or thermal? 826)how long should you wait following pulp exposure and pulp caping of an abutment tooth to do a FPD ?1 week , 3-6 weeks, 4-6 months , endo must be done first 827)effect of adding filler in composite on coefficient of thermal expansion.It has to decrease the thermal coefficient since unfilled resin has highest coefficient Which of the following 2 designs in tooth preparation can be used with all-ceramic crowns?A- Butt-joint shoulder or chamfer B- Bevel or butt-joint shoulder C- Bevel or feather edge D- Chamfer or feather edge 828)never use bevel for all ceramic nor feather, it will fracture. 829)feather for gold, chamfer is for PFM 830)SUBMENTOVERTEX IS for zygomatic bone 831)freshly condensed CL2 amalgam that has a deficient margin at the proximogingival CSA , this happened due to :overtight matrix band, neglecting to use the wedge, neglecting contouring the matrix band, using too large initial increment of amalgam 832)Increasing retention in a short crown:buccal grooves

833)Large Carious crown extending subgingivally 834)Initial step to remove Carious. Crown lengthing and Carious excavation 835)When performing a pulpal evaluation, the dentist should ideally use which of the following as controls?A- Adjacent teeth only, B- Adjacent teeth and opposing tooth C- Adjacent teeth and contralateral tooth 836)Inlay convergent pulpal 837)Onlay convergent occlusally 838)At high concentration of uoride in drinking water (4ppm) the caries incidence: a) remains the same, b) decrease, c) increases 839)A patient has skeletal class 2, but dentoalveolar class 3, he has dental compensation. What movement would you do pre-operation? A. upper incisors labial and lower incisors lingual(coz skeletal pattern should be followed to do ortho treatment) B. upper incisors lingual and lower incisors labial C. both upper and lower incisors labial, D. both upper and lower incisors lingual 840)How to prevent from malpractice litigation Options were 1) follow ethics 2) make thorough document in patient chart 841)Pvs moisture stable, Poly ether moisture tolerant 842)best diagnose image for pathology in max sinus?water 843)Absorption of a drug from the intramuscular site of administration may be slowed by ?a. Excercise b. vasoconstriction c. the presence of congestive heart failure d. administering the drug as an insoluble complex 844)Incisal table angulation and position is determined by: A. condylar guidance B. anterior overjet and overbite 845)mucous retention cyst on lower lip due to 1) severing and laceration fo minor salivary gland’s duct 2) due to sialolithiasis in duct 3) due to mucous plug in duct 846)pulp therapy is contraindicated in leukemia 847)Most prevalent wall defect is ____class 2 Most successful GTR in _____class 3 Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 Class 4

Absence of a time frame:cross sectional Random pts study:cross sectional No following pts over time in cross sectional. What can be determined with a cross sectional study:prevalence of disease Case study =purely descriptive ,more description of what cases look like, multiple cases of a condition, age/gender/demographics/symptom Pt is identified by presence or absence of disease=case study Cohort= compare two groups one with and one without Prospective and retrospective Cohort follows pts over time Relative risk for a disease or risk ratio is calculated and used in cohort Pt are identified by their risk factor :cohort Lot of information and comparisonsss:Cohort Lots of symptoms, looking for disease:cohort No rare diseases discussed:Cohort Case control: looks for people with disease and then compares them to a group without and then looks for factors/exposures Case control:first look for disease and then look for exposure Better study for rare diseases:case control Opposite of cohort:case control Calculate odds ratio:case control Identify patience or subject by with disease or without disease:case control

848)most common osseous defect is crater 849)kid in dental office u gave him La with epinephrine only one cartridge he felt agitated after giving la what do u suspect : Epinephrine is more in la, Lidocaine toxicity 850)Which of the following conditions contraindicate use of corticosteroids in dental patient .Multiple choices question ,A candidiasis , B multiple myeloma , C Peptic Ulcers, D Nephrotic syndrome , E AIDS, F Tuberculosis 851)percentage of flouride in 1ppm?1 mg /L that is 0.001% 852)Oligo - more than 6teeth missing Anodontia all teeth missing Hypodontia less than 6/1-6/few teeth missing 853)Best way to diagnose irreversible pulpitis? Cold or heat? 854)EPT cannot be used on cardiac heart pace maker pts. 855)Kidney damage and asthma, no NSAIDS. No ibuprofen Liver damage no Acetaminophen 856)Which part of the curette is adapted to the tooth Middle ⅓, Proximal ⅓, Distal ⅓ 857)Initial indication for a leukoplakia. All options were type of biopsy: A. Cytology B. Incisional C. Excisional D. Immunofluorescence stain 858)Osteosarcoma also causes uniformed PDL widening.Osteosarcoma doesnt have resorb of angle . Osteosarcoma has parasthesia and tooth lossening.

859)Pt has widened pdl space with radiolucency at the angle of the mandible Scleroderma (Multiple sclerosis called also Unilateral pdl widening and resorbtion of angle of mandible) or Osteosarcoma

860) 861) Finish lines for all ceramic restorations: chamfer + shoulder 862)What topical anesthetics can you use that will cause vasoconstriction: cocaine 863)You are planning a bridge where 1st MN PM is going to be an abutment. Tooth has short non-carious crown. What would you choose to do on the tooth: full crown 864) Buccal gingival reduction in gold crown0.5mm In PFM 1.5-2mm In all Ceramic 2mm 865)Maximum number of mandibular fracture: Angle , Condyle ,Symphysis 866)Reverse epinephrine by – Phentolamine 867)Frankle behavior uncooperative =2 868)Patient came for crown prep you took the vital sign BP 160 /100 what you do : reschedule , Retake the vital sign in 15 minutes, Call patient physician, Give patient nitrousgylesrine 869)What’s the adverse effect of using a retraction cord with epinephrine? A- Tachycardia,B- Local necrosis,C- Caustic reaction,D- Other options 870)Wat is not an effect of opioid -peripheral inhibition

871)Mucucele (Mucous extravasation phenomenon) on lower lip is due to? A- Sialolith of small gland, B- Trauma to small gland, C- Mucous plug 872)junction of rest and minor connector should be strong why ..?So tooth no tilting like round moving. To prevent torque of abutment. transfer functional stress to abutment, stabilizing the rest of the denture 873)sloughing of free gingival graft after one week means what ?a-normal healing, b-overly tight sutures,c-not integrating into bed 874)Frankel behavior of child. Class 1 very u cooperative Class 2 uncooperative Class 3 cooperative Class 4 very cooperative and enjoys the trtmnt 875)Hottest tooth symptomatic: irreversible pulpitis or symptomatic apical periodontitis 876)For a patient with myasthenia gravis, which of the following medications is acceptable?A- Erythromycin, B- Clarithromycin, C- Imipenem, D- Penicillin 877)primary drug for The treating oropharyngeal candidiasis in patient with HIV is A- Nystatin (Mycostatin) , B- fluconazol, C- Penciclovir (Denavir), D- Chlorhexidine 878)Loose denture Reason? Under extend In maxillary, Overextended in mandibular

879)the differential caries burden among children is such that 80%of dental caries are borne by 25% of persons younger than 19 years 880)Patient complain light colour of anterior filling what should u do ( there were not tint in the options). A.add the adjacent color from the wheel B. add the counterparts color from the wheel C .add glycol blue ( no idea what is this ) 881)Which of these cognitive behaviors decrease by aging : Learning , Attention, Reaction time 882)Pt believes dentist and dental hygienist will harm the pt. infact, they are not A. Illusion B. Dementia C. Paranoia 883)periodontal surgery is not recommended in patients with HIV , Theres delayed healing 884)know applications of chisel and spoon chisels are intended primarily to cut enamel, spoons remove caries and carve amalgams 885)difference between enamel hatchet and gingival margin trimmer(both chisels) GMT has curved blade and angled cutting edge. Enamel HA: cutting edge in plane of handle 886)main difference and advantage of using GMT instead of enamel hatchet? bi angled cutting surface

887)which is more damaging to periodontium after restoration :Overhanging restoration, Gingival soft tissue ,Damage of periodontium after tooth preparation 888)what can't you use to bevel inlay prep? a. enamel hatchel b. ging marg trimmer c. flame diamond d. Carbide. 889)What do u not use when beveling gingival margins?tapered diamond, carbide stone , gmt are used enamel hatchet is not used 890)Hatches used for remove un supported enamel only 891)patient is going for open heart surgery next month he is hospitalized,cardiologist sent him for dental clearance he has tooth#13,14 non restorable.tooth #14 has radiolucency what is your treatment plan a)give him prophylaxis and extraction of both tooth b)give him prophylaxis now and extract teeth after surgery C)don’t do anything bcz it can lead to endocarditis d)do rct of remaining roots of both teeth followed by coronectomy 892)Triangle face -oi Monalisa-scleroderma Bird/fish -trecher Crouzon-frog 893)70% alcohol in hand sanitizer 894)Dyfoti 1-2-3 class Fluoride- proximal surface 895)Patient works in nuclear factory. How much of radiation dose /yr is permissible to the dental assistant than patients? a. 1/10 x, b. 10 x, c. 2x, d. 1/4x 896)You are making an inlay and, in the meantime, you need a temporary restoration. Which would be the WORST option: A. made on the model with resin, cemented with ZPC, B. made in the mouth with resin and cemented with GIC- ans , C. made in mouth and cemented with ZOE, D. made with ZOE 897)Which is the best material to use for buccal restoration in posterior upper molar if it’s possible to get moisture contaminated during placement? A- Resin, B- Glass ionomer, C- Amalgam, D- Other options 898)minimum height needed for an implant on a complete denture? Implant denture - 12 mm FPD/ crown – 7 mm 899)Rpd without indirect retention what would happen? Vertical dislodgment, Rotation around the fulcrum line(indirect retention is placed precisely to avoid rotation over fulcrum.... that's why fulcrum line is needed to determine location of it) 900)Reciprocal anchorage? - Elastics to close diastema

901)Filtration:Reduce scatter from film, Eliminate long wave length, Dec amount of tx exposed 902) During border mouldings of upper denture you ask your patient to move mandible from right to left to record which structure :Coronoid 903)in retromolar suegery what structure you avoid to cut? Lingual nerve, IAN long buccal,Myelohyoid 904) In mandibular teeth you took x ray from mesial what is the order of the canals.ML ➡ MB ➡ D 905)Function of the lip bow: Retention, Minor tipping,Passive 906)down syndrome ass with: Macroglossia, Microglossia, Macrodontia,Others 907) Giant cells are present in Hyperparathyroidism , Hypoparathyrodism , Hyperthyroidism 908)bacteria initiate caries:Strep.mutans 909) Bacteria help in progression of caries: lactobacillus 910) Approach for removal of mandibular torus: Semilunae((ideally- crevicular), Directly over the torus, Others 911)during try in for complete denture..the posterior teeth were not fastly didclosed..what to do?Inc compensating curve(Increase compensating curve to compensate posterior teeth separation) 912)Cephalometrics used for :Comparison of skeletal growth pattern 913)ortho diagnosis:panoramic and clinical view 914)Tooth with least multiple canals: MaX CI, Mand li, Others 915) Least fracture teeth:Mand pms, Mand molars, Max pms, Mand ms 916) If your purpose is higher burnishability which composite do you use: Microhybrid, Hybrid, Macrophill, Other 917)DEA has classified the schedule of drug .- Drug Enforcement Agency 918) Acid in GI:polyacrylic acid 919) Mode of action of HIV:Supress cytotoxic cells, Reverse transcriptase 920)Sub class of hpv causing tonsillar cancer:16 (90%) AND 18(2%) 921) If you are taking intra oral radiographs for an interdental crater how it would estimate actual bone loss in comparison to open surgery? Over estimate, Under estimates, Others. Note actual bone loss is more compared to radiograph .. 922).implant template. The main objective of the surgical template is to direct the implant drilling system and provide accurate placement of the implant according to the surgical treatment 923)Which anomely ass with delayed eruption : Dilaceration, Fusion, Gemination 924)What is important in single implant tooth replacement? A- smooth interface

B- connecting the implant to neighbouring teeth,C- broad contact with neighbouring teeth, D- countering anatomy of opposing tooth ( or other option not sure) 925)most and least in pulpal diagnosis Ept Percussion- least Thermal test- most Dentin stimulation 926)causes of myocardial infarction..throbosis 927)Denture clicking how to solve :Inc interocclusal distance and dec vdo 928)What code of ethics for continued education:nonmalificent 929)Code for overbilling but they didnt state over billibg but said you waived the copayment:veracity 930)Why do we make shunts in soina bifida?Facilities respiration or Dec intracranial pressure 931)Controlled HTN and DM and history of myocardial infarction 2 years..which asa classification:3 932)Tx of epulus fissarstum doesnt include : Antibiotics , Tx conditioning, Surgical removal , Antifungul 933)if you are conducting a research with diff researchers how could you inc its quality? Randomize the subjects 934)Ankylosis:Replacement resorption 935)location of neonatal teeth:Lower incisors 936)which cells are not present in all stages of ch periodontitis? PNL Esinophill Lymphocytes Macrophage 937)Which malignancy causes widening of PDL:scleroderma 938)Which NSAID not to give to a patient that is recovering from heroin addiction? 939)If pt swallow crown where it goes:Rt lung 940) in onlay and inlay every other wall is occlusally divergent , except for axial wall. this should be convergent gingival to pulpal. 941)a patient who takes Fosamax and will need an invasive procedure, how long before the surgery will you have to stop fosamax?Stop before 3 month 942)bluish discoloration near lingual feral attachment- ranula 943). Child loses primary canines prematurely then what happens A. rotation of teeth B. ectopic eruption C. delayed eruption

944)cervical pull used for class 2 with deep bite correction 945)dentist not behaving well with colleagues and staff: beneficence 946)dentinal nuclei displacement in odontoblast:A. thermal irritation B. mechanical irritation C. desiccation 947)returning patient back to specialist. Which ethics: Non-Maleficient 948)What is the advantage of metal framework over plastic?metal framework adapts well to the tissue better than acrylic.. and also the lower denture is more stable when made with metal 949)Main complication during RCT- ledge formation 950)small amount of metal oxidized added to provide what?Bonding/adhesion to porcelain 951)patient came with the history of swelling and around mand premolar she has fever 101 and difficulty in sleeping tooth has grade 3 mobility what u will do:a.Give antibiotic only b.Refer to physician as lack of sleep c. Extract tooth d. Incision and drainage n recall 952)

953)A preferred provider organization (PPO) is a medical care arrangement in which medical professionals and facilities provide services to subscribed clients at reduced rates. PPO medical and healthcare providers are called preferred providers. PPO plans, or "Preferred Provider Organization" plans, are one of the most popular types of plans in the Individual and Family market. PPO plans allow you to visit whatever in-network

physician or healthcare provider you wish without first requiring a referral from a primary care physician. 954) Def of sensitivity - number of people classified as having a disease who actually have a disease. TP/TP+FN*100 condition actually exist 955). Child was scheduled for sedation and you strictly said to mother no food 24 hrs preceeding the procedure, child said he took cereal in breakfast and mom said he didn't. What should you do: Reschedule 956)Most common brushing technique ?scrub Best - modified bass Perio- sulcular 957) Intermaxillary xation is released earliest in which of the following?condylar fracture ( if in option) as longer the fixation more chances of ankylosis 958)histoplasmosis resembles SCC 959)where doe the epithelium for a graft come from?reciepient epithelium 960)infection control is fda or cdc? 961)24-year-old complains of a red bump on palate (can’t remember if there was something about pain). It tells you it was biopsied and there was hyperplastic epithelium, underneath fibrous CT, healthy compact bone and bone marrow. What could it be? Osteoma, osteoblastoma, osteosarcoma and pleomorphic adenoma. 962)Tooth has large mo cavity, and has some bulging on crown and don’t answer to EpT, what is that bulge? Ans was dens evagination 963)evaginatus : might have pulp along with enamel and dentin . Invaginatus : usually doesnt have pulp . So care should be taken while dealing with evaginatus . 964)Are with Highest failure rate in osseointegration of dental implants?Pst max Ant mand Post man Ant max 965)Patients with Sjogren syndrome are at increased risk for developing. A- Carcinoma B- Sarcoma C- Lymphoma D- Leukemia 966)Smoking not a contraindication however just increase failure of implants 967)6 year old kid came to the office with his parent complaining of enlarged swollen gingiva that didn’t decrease in size after two months, and has been treated for skin infections, what’s the diagnosis? A- ANUG B- Herpetic Gingivostomatitis C- Myeloblastic Leukemia D- Pyogenic Granuloma 968)Blue fingers in =Fibrous dysplasia pink hands and feet =Acrodynia

969)dev-cleft lip-4-6 week in utero and cleft palate-6-12 weeks Repair Lip: 2-3 month (at least 10 weeks and 10 pounds and 10 hemaglobin) Repair Palate: 8-9 month 970)Not found in ant. Jaw?A- CEOT, B- COC, C- Cental odontogenic tumor D- Peripheral odontogenic tumor 971)Pseudo epithelium hyperplasia is seen in granular cell tumor 972)Diabetics(IV sedation)rules Schedule app. in the morning. If insulin dependent: have them not eat,not take short acting insulin and take half dose of long acting insulin If not insulin dependent: no food, and no meds until after the surgery. *if pt in insulin shock, what do u give? Give orange juice **pt is a child and is diabetic undergoes hypoglycemia in the chair if conscious give him range juice if unconscious give him 50% dextrose IV ***unconscious diabetic is treated with:50% dextrose IV(can't take anything orally) ****if pt is a non insulin dependent diabetic and needs minor oral surgery w/IV sed. ? clear liquids and regular dose of diabetic med.(Note: minor surgery :normal as long as procedure occurs within 2hrs of eating and taking meds.) *****pt with insulin dependent diabetes and having sedation IV and LA . Ask the pt to take high calorie food with insulin, low calorie food with insulin(reduce dose of insulin and no food) 973)Contraindications of RCT?uncontrolled DM and recent MI (last 6mnths), Leukemia whats the final answer for most common respiratory dental office ??hyperventilation 974)Class 5, retentive grooves where(axiogingival & axioincisal) 975)With a modified Widman flap you mostly reduce bone if… a. adapt the flap margin- ans , b. osseous restructuring, c. removal of infected osseous tissue 976) A minimum Neutrophil Count needed for surgery: 1000 977) Initial sign of HIV: asymptomatic or flu-like symptoms Ans - stage 1 - flulike or acute Stage 2- asymptomatic Stage 3- HIV (CD4 - less than 200) 978)Radioppacity depends on the filler content . Higher the filler content, more Radiopaque. 979)what is the plaster index for the face bow?is for denture before removing it from cast to prevent distortion of wax 10x

980)Where does the epithelial cells for a graft come from?a. Donor epithelium b. Donor connective tissue c. Recipient epithelium d. Recipient connective tissue 981)In which type of studies sample size irrelevant? A. Case control,B. Cross sectional,C. Case history 982)Which drug can cause seizures in patients taking Venlafaxine: A. Hydrocodone ,B. Azithromycin,C. Tramadol – ans ,D. Diclofenac 983)Where can you mention "POST-HOCs" discussion:Discussion,Introduction, Literature,Results 984)Definition in method 985)Variable in general in abstract and introduction and conclusion 986)To study Population: method, result, Discussion 987)If a dentist is reading an article, where should he look for the definition of dependent and independent variables? Introduction,or method, discussion, results, summary 988)after successive trials, a child goes through the instruments and hands and instrument to the dentist. what does that show?Desensitization ,permission 989)too deep into posterior palatal seal will cause gagging or displacement ? Too far/overextending causes gag. 980)Patient with recurrent angular cheilitis, what is the reason? A. Candidosis B. Recurrent aphtous C. Herpes simplex 1 D. Herpes simplex 2 981)two proximal cavities, prepare the larger and fill the smaller 982)A 9 year old presents with acute gingival pain of four days duration. There are small, round ulcers on the interproximal gingival and buccal mucosa. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? A- Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis(if it said fever then this was yr answer) B- Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis C- Aphthous stomatitis D- Gingival abscess 983)If a particular test is to correctly identify 95 out of 100 existing disease cases, then that test would have a A- Specificity of 95% B- Sensitivity of 95%- ans C- Positive predictive value of 95% D- Validity of 95%

984)Metabolism of erythromycin is in the :Kidneys or Liver

985) 986)should be treated immediately posterior crossbite anterior crossbite 987)Amalgam pin depth at dej.? 0.5 988)Dentist every year check for hep b or tb 989)Sedation during procedure, saturation below 90, what do you do: abort the mission and wait for the patient to go back to normal, call 911, give patient oxygen (under positive pressure?) 990)does anyone know if developmentally disabled is the same as developmentally impaired? or mentally disabled? and which one is consistency and which one is permissiveness? like down's is permissiveness autism is consistency and adhd is consistency 991)What is the most likely cause for hemorrhage 3 day after removal of a mandibular third molar?A- Vascular fragility, B- Platelet deficiency, C- Prothrombin deficiency D- Fibrinolysis

992)The primary etiologic factor associated with periodontal attachment loss in a furcation is the presence of A- Occlusal trauma, B- Accessory root canals C- Oral biofilm 993)A patient has received a new mandibular removable dental prosthesis. Soon afterward, the throat of this patient becomes sore. Which of the following has probably caused this soreness? A- An overextension of the distofacial flange, B- An overextension of the distolingual flange 994)The access opening for a maxillary central incisor of a 14-year-old patient is triangular in shape.:A- To establish straight line access, B- Due to the shape of the crown, C- To include any remnants of pulp horns within the access opening 995)gold standard for behavior modification: systemic desesitization, voice control Modeling 996)Which characteristic is most frequently associated with osteoradionecrosis? A-Maxillary location, B- History of radiation therapy with 42.50 Gy (4,250 rads) C- History of bisphosphonate usage , D- Mandibular location 997)A patient has a 7-years-old chipped porcelain veneer on tooth 9 and desires to have the veneer repaired instead of replaced. Which of the following should be done to the porcelain before repairing with composite? A- Pumice, etch, bonding resin, silanate B- Sandblast, etch, bonding resin, C- Silanate, pumice, bonding resin, D- Micro-etch, etch, silanate, bonding resin 998)Beclomethasone (Beconase AQ) is used for bronchial asthma because it: A- Has a short duration of action, B- Stimulates beta adrenergic receptors in the lung C- Produces little adrenal suppression when administered by inhalation, D- Is only effective orally, E- Is less potent than cortisol 999)What would be found in a patient with untreated acromegaly? A- Excessive mandibular growth, B- Excessive maxillary growth 1000)A dental office employee wishes to verify that instruments have been sterilized. Which of the following methods is most accurate? A- Place indicator tape on the instruments , B- Use biological monitors, C- Examine the sterilizer packages for color changes, D- Observe the temperature gauge on the sterilizing unit 1001)What is the easiest method for examining a 12-month-old child? A- Child in the dental chair and parent at chairside B- Parent in the dental chair and the child sitting on parent’s lap C- Dentist and parent in a knee-to-knee position with the child’s head on dentist’s lap D- Dentist and parent in a knee-to-knee position with the child’s head on parent’s lap 1002)Labial bow for:For retention

1003)Which of the following has been most strongly implicated in the cause of aphthous stomatitis?A- Cytomegalovirus, B- Allergy to tomatoes, C- Herpes simplex virus, D- Staphylococcal organisms, E- Human leukocyte antigens 1004)Which of the following represents the best way to increase a patient’s pain tolerance? A- Stress that pain does not signify damage, B- Tell the patient that the procedure will be completed soon, C- Tell the patient that he/she should be able to tolerate the pain, D- Increase the patient’s sense of control over the denture of the pain 1005)The decision to replace an existing amalgam restoration should be made as soon as the restoration exhibits. A- Creep, B- Recurrent caries , C- Corrosion and tarnish D- Ditching around occlusal margings 1006)Drug-induced hypnosis can be produced by depressing which of the following? A- Cerebellum, B- Hypothalamus , C- limbic system , D- Reticular activating system note:sedatives is limbic and hypnosis is RAS 1007)A developmentally-disabled patient should be treated with: A- Flattery, B- Deference, C- Consistency, D- Permissiveness 1008)A 65-year-old white male smokes 2 packs of cigarretes per day. He had a heart attack six weeks ago and continues to have chest pains even while at rest. He is transported to the office by wheelchair because be becomes extremely short of breath with even mild exertion. The physical status that best describes the above patients is A- P.S.I, B- P.S.II , C- P.S.III, D- P.S.IV 1009) A displaced fracture of the mandible courses from the angle to the third molar. This fracture is potencially difficult to treat with a closed reduction because of A- Injury to the neurovascular bundle B- Malocclusion secondary to the injury C- Compromise of the blood supply to the mandible D- Distraction of the fracture segments by muscle pull 1010)Which of the following is the most reliable method for determining the pulp responsiveness of a tooth with a full coverage crown? A- Radiographic examination B- Electric pulp test, C- Thermal test , D- Palpation 1011)Which of the following statements is true about setting expansion of plaster, stone, and improved stone (Type IV)? A- The setting expansion of improved stone is the highest B- Increasing the spatulation decreases expansion C- Increasing the water/power ratio decreases the setting expansion D- Adding water to surface during setting decreases expansion 1012)Which of the following directly image the TMJ disc?A- TMJ tomography B- TMJ arthrography C- Panoramic radiography D- Transcranial radiography E- Magnetic resonance imaging

1013)A patient with Stage I medication related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) with exposed bone in the maxilla is best treated with A- Radiation therapy, B- Hyperbaric oxygen(if stage 1 was not mentioned) , C- Debridement of the area, D- Chlorhexidine rinses 1014)A dentist has planned in-office-bleaching and porcelain laminate veneers for a patient’s maxillary anterior teeth. What would be the best sequence of treatment? A- Bleaching, 2 week delay, tooth preparation, bonding procedures B- Bleaching and tooth preparation, 2-5 day delay, bonding procedures C- Tooth preparation, 2 week delay, bleaching, and bonding procedures D- Tooth preparation, 2 week delay, bonding, and then bleaching procedures 1015)Which of the following type(s) of amalgam alloy provide the best clinical durability? A- High copper spherical only, B- Conventional spherical only C- High copper admixture and high copper spherical , D- High cooper admixture and conventional spherical 1016)The water supply of a community has 0.28 ppm fluoride. Which of the following procedures is appropiate for a 4-year-old child exhibiting moderate caries risk? A- Prescribing a fluoride mouthrinse B- Prescribing a systemic fluoride supplement C- Applying fluoride topically at each visit D- Additional fluoride is unnecessary 1017)

1018)Which of the following factors does NOT impact the development of xerostomia in an aging population?A- Chronological age, B- Medications, C- Radiation therapy to the head and neck, D- Systemic disease 1019)we use finger spring for cross bite in ortho for ant teeth 1020)A ‘W” in front of the rubber dam clamp number indicates that the rubber dam clamp: A- Is made from work-hardened metal, B- Has a non-reflective surface C- Has a wing, D- Is wingless(Note: W is for wingless) 1021)A dentist will make impressions for a patient who has an excessive salivary flow. To decrease the flow, this dentist might appropriately prescribe which of the following drugs? A- Propantheline (Pro-Banthine) (cevimilin hcl or propantheline) B- Salsalate (Disalcid), C- Pilocarpine (Salagen), D- Neostigmine (Prostigmin) 1022)Caldwell-Luc operating technique. incision is made from lateral incisor to the second molar tooth.Then the flap of mucosa and periosteum is elevated and dissected to expose the anterior wall of sinus and then anterior wall is opened in the canine fossa where the bone is relatively thin with the drill.

1023)Most common location for mucous retention cyst?Lower lip 1024)The most rare cause for a serious toxic reaction to a local anesthetic is. PICK WHAT APPLY.a. Psychogenic, b. Deterioration of the anesthetic agent, c. Hypersensitivity to the vasoconstrictor, d. Hypersensitivity to the local anesthetic, e. Excessive blood level of the local anesthetic

1025)sodium bicarbonate is an antiacid :given for heartburn. 1026)what is CHIP ?Children's Health Insurance Program 1027)Description of a CT lesion that causes pseudo epithelial hyperplasia: A. neuroma , B. fibroma, C. schwannoma:It is S100 positive (the same as granular cell tumor), D. granuloma 1028)You rise a full mucoperiosteal flap to instrument in the pocket, after reposition of the flap where resorption occurs more? A. Radicular bone, B. Interdental crest,C. Apical to the sulcus 1029)Another patient with right posterior cross bite on PMs and 1st molar. Asking how to correct it.Hawley/hyrax 1030)Abrasion is (V shaped) while Abfracrion is (wedge shaped) 1031)abrasion occurs mainly in canine and premolars 1032)what med for moderate post op extraction? Mild-acetamenophen Mod-ibuprofen Sever-opiod 1033)Guys which one we count as there’s missing tooth? Fusion or gemination?fusion 1034)fuSion - leSS gemination- mOre 1035)Minimum Reduction of functional cusp???2mm Note :1.5mm non functional 1036)Tramadol CI in alcoholic and sever renal impairment Ibuprofen CI in hypertensive pt ibuprofen is CI in renal compromised patient 1037)Renal-aceta Liver-ibu 1038)55 y.o. patient on warfarin, inr 5, what is the main cause of bleeding? Blocking of vit K, inhibition of platelet aggregation 1039)Rheumatoid fever final? Murmur or Joint 1040)A dentist separate different x-rays from a FMX to trick the insurance and get more $:A. Unbundling B. UpcodingC. Downcoding 1041)Apexogenesis: maintaining pulp vitality during pulp treatment to allow continued development of entire root. 1042)Apexification: to produce further root development (pulpextomy) In a pulpless tooth by stimulating the formation of hard substance at the apex. **Required after pulpectomy if the apex is OPEN 1043)CROSS SECTION OF LINGUAL BAR= HALF - PEAR SHAPED

1044)A. Stimulated deposition of secondary dentin=ApexoGENESIS B. Create an apical stop for proper obturation=ApexiFICATION 1045)If incisors are closed during sibilant sounds, what does it mean? increased vertical dimension , it suppose to have 1-2 mm opening as a minimum 1046)pt with preliminary diagnosis of candidiasis on ventral tongue white lesion rough and firmly attached what to do??incisional biopsy OR cultural test 1047)Blood brain barrier is made up of endothelial cells, astrocytes, microglial cells, Pericytes and a basement membrane which is made of proteins 1048)major mechanism for the destruction of osseointegration are:surgical tech 1049)what cause greatest implant failure?? Smoking or over heating 1050)Final answer for how to treat manipulative kid? extinction, setting limits, positive reinforcement 1051)pat 14 years old girl .has no plaque but she has 6 mm attachment loss on both teeth#3&#14.what bacteria ?Actinobacillus ancinomycetecomintans (case of LAP) 1052)Greatest risk for IA nerve injury??Root tip sit on top of mand. Canal or Horizontal impact 1053)Most complication extraction ?Root fracture or Hemorage 1054)refering to specialist : non malifence specalist returning the patient after work done : non malifence 1055)Maximum concentration of Nitrous Oxyde in children?35%-50%

1056)By increasing the voltage in an x-ray machine we can produce beams with: A. Short frequency / high potency, B. Large frequency / high potency – ans C. Short frequency / low potency 1057)What is not recommended to place the instruments if you are going to use autoclave: A. Paper packets, B. Paper/plastic bags, C. Plastic bags,D. Solid metal containers 1058)Initial indication for a leukoplakia. All options were type of biopsy: A. Cytology B. Incisional C. Excisional D. Immunofluorescence stain 1059)Distance in cephalometric xray from the beam to patient ?5 feet

1060)You smile and praise the patient, what is that:- Contingence- Social reinforcement - Positive reinforcement 1061)Radiograph of max sinus: waters 1062)attrition v/s abfraction v/s abrasion v/s erosion

1063)If p <.05,what it means 1064)Most common intra oral site for melanotic macule-Palate 1065)GA where required?4 cavity in cledo carnial/2 yr child with rampant caries/autism pt 1066)Impression with implant analogue implant replica, analog is attached to transfer coping and the assembly is poured in stone to fabricate master cast open tray or pick up impression method 1067)-What mixed in IRM for strength ?plastic powder

1068)Which anatomic landmark interferes with flap surgery near 2nd and 3rd molar-tori/mylohyoid/ext oblique ridge/int oblique ridge 1069)petechie between soft and hard palate junction,what disease Patch? Aplastic anemia and thombocytopenia 1070)Candida :white curdy patch which wiped will give reddish patch 1071)Too deep pps (increase retaintion/decrease retaintion) 1072)Inversion is intrusion 1073)Which one has poor prognosis ? intrusion or lateral luxation or avulsion

1074)

1075)Daily saliva production 1ml,1liter,10 liter =1 liter/day 1076)Most common tooth root fractures tooth =max incisors 1077)Tedgma in composite-increase viscosity /decrease viscosity? 1078)Disadvantage of partial thickness flap=decrease blood flow 1079)Position of mb2 canal(distolingual to mb1,me so lingual to mb1,midway between mb &db,mid way between mb and p)

1080)Access shape of mand first molar-Trapezoidal 1081)Mercury toxicity-hearing loss and hair loss

1082)Melanotic macule most commonly seen where intra orally-1/3rd of them on vermilion border of lower lip. Also common sites are buccal mucosa, gingiva and palate. 1083)Where bone graft will be more successful? small bony crater, grade 2 furcation(and 3 walled defects), head 3 furcation 1084)What cause tooth decay?levan is sticky and bacteria act on it,dextran is sticky and bacteria attach to it,bacteria produce sticky something to attach **1085)Compression side of tooth,( chemical reaction in pdl start cell divisions/oxygen tension in pdl start the cell division) **1086)Indication for 3rd molar extraction in 46 yr old healthy patient with no symptoms-distal caries of 2nd molar/perio problem between 2nd and 3rd 1087)where to keep mercury waste?biohazard bag/in a closed container 1088)patient exposure to infected material, dentist inform the patient-autonomy

**1089)Another question-3rd molar extraction of 18 yr old with partial bony impaction (peri coronitis/opposite tooth occlusion trauma/eruption pain) **1090)Ant fpd of 8,max 2,3,4,12,13,14,15 missing.what you need to do?frame work trail with wax on post/only for frame work trail 1091)3dentist hired hygienist who injured patient-who is Responsible?hyginist/all four/attending and hygienist/dentists 1092)1 wk after srp,patient come and calculus with black line is visible ,why?new calculus with smoking tar/calculus with. Dry dry blood/calculus below gum exposed in oral cavity **1093)Oral glycourase medicine how help?insulin produced from pancreas/renal reabsorption of Insulin 1094)Reclining pregnant patent put pressure on what?aorta/,inf venacava Inferior vena cava, (put pregnant patient in left lateral decubitus position) **1095)What is true in AED?dont used below 10yr/gives 2 simaltenious shocks/some time of electric shock was mentioned. Ans is not below 10yr as kids pad is used and below 1 yr can't use aed 1096)Function of ig G- Humoral immunity, mediated binding of pathogens (opsonization) 1097)Tongue fall to left side on protrusion,which nerve involved=XII 1098)Patient comes to your office complains about how other dentists did a really bad job, and tells you how you are the best dentist in the world. What mental condition is she suffering from? Paranoia or Borderline 1099)A patient has skeletal class 2, but dentoalveolar class 3, he has dental compensation. What movement would you do pre-operation? A. upper incisors labial and lower incisors lingual B. upper incisors lingual and lower incisors labial C. both upper and lower incisors labial D. both upper and lower incisors lingual 1100)recurrence is least in : A. Ameloblastoma, B. OKC, C. Odontogenic myxoma D. Adenomatoid odontogenic cyst Note:ameloblastoma and okc highest 1101)Epullis is histologically similar to what: Traumatic fibroma, Traumatic neuroma Granular cell tumor 1102)Symptomatic irreversible pulpitis pain in which of the following sites is most likely to radiate to the ear? A. Maxillary premolar, B. Maxillary molar, C. Mandibular premolar D. Mandibular molar

1103) patient is a nuclear plant worker how much radiation can they get compared to hygenist?1/10x a study failed to to recognize people without the disease:false negative

1104) 8-year-old girl presents to the office with an Ellis class II fracture. In an effort to determine a pulpal diagnosis, which of the following tests is the least accurate? A. Percussion, B. Palpation, C. Electrical pulp test, D. Cold test note:Until apical closure occurs, teeth do not respond normally to electrical pulp testing. In addition, a traumatic injury may temporarily alter the conduction capability of nerve endings or sensory receptors, or both, in the pulp. A patient with a vital pulp may not experience any sensation right after trauma. 1105)Which of the following statements regarding external root resorption is not true? A. It is a destructive process initiated in the periodontium. B. There are three main types: inflammatory root resorption, replacement resorption, and cervical Resorption. C. It can be located anywhere along the root canal. D. The margins are sharp, smooth, and well defined. 1106)The major objectives of access preparation include all of the following except one. Which one is the exception? A. Attainment of direct straight-line access to canal Orifices, B. Confirmation of clinical diagnosis, C. Conservation of tooth structure D. Attainment of direct straight-line access to the apical root 1107)Which of the following statements regarding treatment of a tooth manifesting with a sinus tract is true? A. Treat with conventional (nonsurgical) endodontic therapy. B. Antibiotics are not needed., C. The sinus tract should heal in 2 to 4 weeks after conventional root canal therapy., D. If the sinus tract persists after root canal therapy, perform root end surgery with root end filling. E. All of the above 1108)Which of the following statements most likely applies to a cracked tooth? A. The direction of the crack usually extends mesiodistally., B. The direction of the crack usually extends faciolingually. C. Radiographic examination is the best way to detect a cracked tooth. D. Choices A and C only E. Choices B and C only 1109)While performing nonsurgical endodontic therapy, you detect a ledge. What should you do?A. Use a smaller instrument and get by the ledge B. Fill as far as you have reamed C. Use a small round bur and remove the ledge D. Continue working gently to remove the ledge

1110)Which is not dd of dentigenesis imperfecta :AI, OI Enamel hypoplasia or Ectodermal dysplasia 1111)Which of the following is not a property of NaOCl?A. Chelation, B. Tissue dissolution at higher concentrations C. Microbicidal activity,D. Flotation of debris and lubrication 1112)n a tooth with a primary periodontal lesion with secondary endodontic involvement, proceed first with __. A. Periodontal treatment B. Nonsurgical endodontic treatment C. Antibiotic treatment D. Incision and drainage 1113)Embrasure between premolars are? 1.Wider lingually,narrower buccally 2.Wider buccally, narrower lingually 3.Same buccally and lingually 4. Wider distolingually 1114)Bisphosphonate wala pt came with unrestorable tooth Ans:A. Endo or B. coronectomy 1115)Which perforation location has the best prognosis? A. Coronal third of root, B. Apical third of root, C. Chamber floor, D. Middle third of root 1116)In an emergency patient, symptomatic irreversible pulpitis and symptomatic apical periodontitis of tooth #12 is diagnosed. Which of the following is the best treatment protocol for this patient? A. Anesthesia followed by incision and drainage B. Anesthesia followed by extraction, C. Anesthesia followed by pulpectomy D. Prescribe antibiotic for 1 week and follow with nonsurgical endodontic treatment 1117)Hypercalcemia, Hypophospatemia and loss of lamina dura seen in ?hyperparathyroidism 1118)acute perio lesion that requires drainage is usually.localized and fluctuant or localized and firm 1119)Which drugs classes cause CNS DEPRESSION ?? 1120)which drugs classes cause Respiratory depression??Opoid, Barbiturates, 1121)If perforation in the floor of chamber then better prognosis with MTA. But in the roots if in apical third better we do apicoectomy 1122)Cervical third of the tooth? Higher chroma, Higher value, Lower chroma Lower value 1123)direct effect of LA on blood vessels in area of inj? Constriction, dilation, sclerosis, thombosis 1124)the most importan facts in color selection is value. but first select hue, chroma and value

1125)what is not necessary for biohazard container?Made up of metal, Closable, Leak proof 1126)Best prognosis and worse prognosis 1.perforation in external resorption - worst 2.perforation in internal resorption - best 3.extruded gutta percha(can be treated with apicectomy or just observe) 1127)Margin discoloration of veneer- amine -day microleakage-week microcrack-month 1128)Cracked tooth syndrome most common ?mandi 2nd M > than Mandi 1st m > than maxi 1st m (note mostly mand. teeth) 1129)Which population is associated more commonly with Chronic periodontitis? A- White males B- Black males C- Black females D- Native American males E- Asian males 1130)You can’t control bleeding after extraction, what to do next? A- simple gauze pressure, B- epinephrine sub gingival cord, C- Place postoperative healing pack (something like that), D- Other options 1131)Which Antibiotic can be given in gingival cervicular fluid for periodontal bacteria: A- clindamycin or B- doxycycline 1132)Before new drug is submitted to FDA, it has to go through?Randomized clinical trial 1133)if the tooth is non responsive to cold, the nest step you should do is RCT , extraction, nothing , pulp test

1134) 1135)Which of the following are the most common bony defects seen in patients with periodontitis ? Two-walled defects & craters 1136)Microorganisms in ANUG before initiation of necrosis. Spirochetes 1137)Metronidazole is not clinically recommended to treat : A. Gingivitis B. ANUG

C. Chronic periodontitis D. Aggressive periodontitis E. Periodontal abcess

1138)

1139)

1140) 1141)Causes of atropine? On eye: midriasis On saliva:Xerostomia 1142)what incision for Gingivectomy? Just apical to pocket, Coronal to MGJ, Apical to MGJ. 1143)pano distortion about 15-30% 1144)PA distortion 11-15% 1145)2 year old not behaving: papoose board or immobilize with help of assistant or immobilize with help of parent 1146)skeletal open bite profile is also called long face syndrome. 1147) Consistency - Autism kid 1148)Permissiveness: Downs synd. 1149)Paranoid- always bad/they hate all Borderline- turned good/hate and love 1150)Cephalosporins are contraindicated in patients with kind of hypersensitivity: 1-type I, 2-type II, 3_type III, 4-type IV 1151)Which is false about the use of pins? Pins should be placed 2mm into amalgam Pins should be placed 1mm in from DEJ Pins only reinforce the final restoration: pins are for retention not reinforcement Pins should be placed 2mm into dentin Pins should not be bent 1152)You want to check pt medical records. Which agency u contact: a) HIPPA, b) HRSA, c) DHHS, d) CMS

1153)Six months ago you did a RCT on central with an open apex (the pt was young, but can’t remember the exact age). You place calcium hydroxide in canal and waited the 6 months. You open the canal but can still pass #70 file through the apex. What would you do?- calcium hydroxide or - Zinc oxide eugenol or - gutta percha 1154)Safety Data Sheats are responsability of:EPA 1155)Candida albicans (thrush) is the most common oral fungal infection and appears as white plaques that wipe off to reveal underlying red mucosa. The treatment is to apply topical solutions of antifungal medications (nystatin, clotrimazole). 1156)Bur that produce smooth finish of preparation for PFM? 1. Diamond 2. Green stone. 3. Plane cut fissured bur. 4. Cross cut fissured bur. 1157)What is the difference between endodontic abscess and periodontics abscess in a non-endodontic treated tooth: A. pulp vitality- ans B. percussion

1158)Root canal instruments are sterile din glass bead sterilizer for-15 sec at 220 degrees C.(428 degree F) Note :Glass bead --> 15 S Hot salt Bead --> 5 sec 1159)gutta percha are disinfected by 5.25%NaOCl for 1min. 1160)Thalassemia oral manifestation?

1161)one of the main side effects of antipsychotics is involuntery muscle movement due to their effects on the: basal ganglia 1162)CEPHALOMETRIC ANALYSIS SNA approximately 82 degrees >82 degrees max. prognathism < 82 degrees max retrognathism SNB approximately 80 degrees >80 degrees mand. prognathism < 80 degrees mand. Retrognathism ANB approximately 2 degrees > 4 degrees=class 2 skeletal profile < 0 degrees=class 3 skeletal profile 1163)Stimulation of nicotinic or muscarinic receptors can initiate and increase salivation. 1164)Cholinomimetic drugs are designed to directly or indirectly inhibit acetylcholinesterase. 1165)Cholinomimetic drugs are similar in action to acetylcholine and can cause stimulation of the nicotinic and muscarinic receptors. 1166)lesser Palatine nerve for soft palate 1167)Complete craniofacial dysjunction by the Le Fort III osteotomy allows the surgeon to alter the orbital position and volume, zygomatic projection, position of the nasal root, frontonasal angle, and position of the maxilla and to lengthen the nose. The Le Fort II osteotomy allows the surgeon to alter the nasomaxillary projection without altering the orbital volume and zygomatic projection. The Le Fort I osteotomy allows for correction primarily at the occlusal level affecting the upper lip position, nasal tip and alar base region, and the columella labial angle without altering the orbitozygomatic region 1168)Increases in maxillary height are due to the growth of alveolar bone which provides enough space for the development and the eruption of teeth. Alveolar bone supports the tooth as it erupts into the oral cavity. Alveolar bone remodels and grows simultaneously with tooth eruption. 1169)Tender swelling localized within the submandibular triangle is indicative of lymphadenopathy. 1170)the centric contact in enamel should be preserved since it establishes the original and proper occlusal contact between maxillary and mandibular teeth. Increasing the intensity of centric contacts during restorative treatments may cause premature contact, occlusal disharmony, and eventually dental trauma. Decreasing or removing the centric contact in enamel may cause occlusal disharmony and unstable centric occlusion.

1171)Liners are placed along the internal aspect of the casting ring and provide space for uniform investment expansion, allowing for uniform setting of the casting. Allowing investment expansion prevents distortion of the wax pattern during investment. The liner acts as a spacer that prevents pressure from building up between the investment material and the casting ring during the expansion of the investment. Liners are usually placed 3mm shorter than the casting ring and demonstrate a thickness of 1mm. 1172)The proper management of airway obstruction of an unconscious patient should be done in the following order:Visually or physically examine any presence of food, vomit, or any foreign object that may obstruct the airway.Observe and check the rise and fall of the chest as an indicator of breathing. Listen to the mouth and nose for signs of breathing.Extend the patient’s neck by tilting the chin upward. Protrude the tongue and mandible to provide better mouth opening so the pharynx will open further and improve the patient’s breathing. 1173)Meperidine, when combined with a MAOI, can cause life-threatening effects. Among these effects are hyperpyrexia, too much sweating, excitement, and respiratory depression, which can lead to unconsciousness. 1174)Meperidine is a drug that helps to control the amount of serotonin and dopamine in the blood. Excessive amounts of these substances may cause hypertensive crisis. 1175)Administration of substances that increase serotonin, norepinephrine, or dopamine activity can result in severe acute consequences, including serotonin syndrome, hypertensive crisis, and psychosis, respectively. 1176)Acid etching a tooth creates microporosities that adhesive can infiltrate to create retention for composite resin bonding.Acid etching roughens the exposed enamel rods and dentin, creating micromechanical abrasions that allow the bonding agent to flow and adhere to the tooth surface.Acid etching removes surface debris, allowing for a clean bonding site for improved esthetics.Acid etching creates higher bond strength between composite restoration and tooth structure and decreases microleakage. Acid etching does not improve access to the restoration. 1177)Serial extraction procedures are performed to prevent the crowding of teeth. The canines often erupt before the mandibular premolars and crowding of anterior teeth may occur if the normal eruption sequence is disrupted. In serial extraction, primary canines are extracted when a child reaches age 8 or 9 to facilitate incisor alignment. The primary 1st molars are extracted after one year to hasten the eruption of 1st premolars. The erupted 1st premolars are then extracted to facilitate canine eruption and alignment in the arch.

1178)Stepwise caries removal occurs when decay is excavated around the margins of a preparation, and the tooth structure is remineralized until the permanent restoration is placed later.the stepwise caries removal steps are as follows: Totally remove caries from the margins of the preparation, sparing the pulpal affected dentin but not the infected dentin. Place a CaOH liner and restore with glass ionomer. Six to twelve months later, remove glass ionomer, test tooth vitality, and then place definitive restoration. Indirect pulp capping is different because a permanent restoration is placed at the first appointment and is more aggressive with caries excavation. 1179)The appearance of the curve of spee on the panoramic suggests that the patients chin was positioned too: A. Far forward B. Far back C. High D. Low 1180)Pleomorphic adenoma is a common benign salivary gland neoplasm of glandular cells along with myoepithelial components, that can potentially become malignant. It is the most common variety of salivary gland tumor and also the most common tumor of the parotid gland. Pleomorphic adenoma derives its name from the architectural pleomorphism (variable appearance) observed with light microscopy. The tumor usually presents as a slowly proliferating, painless, indurated, single nodular mass. 1181)Schwannomas and mucoceles are not indurated or firm. 1182)Fibromas, mucocoeles, and schwannomas do not present microscopically with glandular or myoepithelial cells. 1183)The three planes of spaces which are used to classify malocclusion are: • Sagittal • Transverse • Vertical All these are the orientation planes or the reference planes used to communicate the dimensions of orthodontic problems. Sagittal plane is used to describe the anterior-posterior relationships. (Class II or Class III relationship) Vertical plane is used to give the superior-inferior relationships. (Deep bite or open bite) Transverse plane describes right-to-left relationships that are predominantly caused by a constriction of the dental arches (unilateral or bilateral crossbite). 1184)When nitrous oxide reacts with oxygen and is converted into nitric oxide it causes vasodilation 1185)Calcific metamorphosis (CM) of the dental pulp is a common reason teeth appear yellow after trauma occurs and is recognized clinically as early as three months following injury.

CM is characterized by the deposition of hard tissue within the root canal space of a tooth, causing yellow discoloration of the clinical crown. Approximately 3.8% to 24% of teeth that experience trauma exhibit varying degrees of CM. 1186)The radiolucency is from the tissue destruction that occurred within the periapical area and the radiopacity denotes the boundary set by the inflammatory cells as they try to confine the infection.Once the infection is completely confined by inflammatory cells, a periapical cyst or granulation tissue may form and the damaged bone begins to remodel.The continuous remodeling of the bone creates the solid, well-defined, and radiopaque border around the periphery of the periapical cyst or of the granulation tissue. 1187)Phenytoin has a less sedative effect than phenobarbital.phenobarbital is an effective anticonvulsant but has a longer half-life and is stored within body fat in an accidental overdose. The main side effect of phenopbarbital is drowsiness, which is associated with overdosage. It also has a tendency to cause medullary depression that could endanger the patient’s life. 1188)sloughing of free gingival graft after one week means what ? a-normal healing, b-overly tight sutures,c-not integrating into bed 1189)Intravenous injection of lidocaine may be useful to suppress symptomatic ventricular arrhythmias. Routine lidocaine use can reduce the occurrence rate of primary ventricular fibrillation to some extent. However, intravenous lidocaine prophylaxis for patients with acute myocardial infarction in a coronary care unit is not recommended. 1190)Paget's disease of bone is a chronic disorder that can result in enlarged and misshapen bones, pain, fractures, and arthritis. Paget's disease of bone is diagnosed by the presence of an elevated level of alkaline phosphatase and normal calcium, phosphate, and aminotransferase levels in the blood. The pathognomonic sign for Paget’s disease is a radiopaque “cotton wool” appearance of the bone on X-ray. Other signs of Paget’s disease include: •Enlarged skull and facial bones •Enlarged maxilla and alveolar ridges •Displaced teeth •Hypercementosis 1191)Xray picture of lateral skull, big lesion with cortical bone expansion, unilateral, what is it:fibrous osseous dysplasia 1192)Administering oxygen immediately after nitrous oxide sedation increases the concentration of oxygen in the blood, thereby diminishing the occurrence of hypoxia.

Hypoxia may occur with patients sedated with nitrous oxide when the gas mixture administered has a low oxygen concentration. After being sedated with nitrous oxide, 100% oxygen is administered to completely clear the nitrous oxide in the system and help the patient recover faster from sedation. 1193)Characteristic feature of a tooth (a developmental groove) that can cause it to be more prone to periodontal issues:max. 1st PM(note if the mention anterior tooth then max LI) 1194)HIV related oropharyngeal candidiasis is treated by: Fluconazole or nystatin swish and swallow 1195)Aspirin-containing compounds may precipitate an asthmatic attack. Acetaminophen is the best choice for asthmatic patients with mild pain. 1196)Aspirin reye syndrome in children 1197)Restorative materials that do not induce gingival tissue reaction should be considered when selecting the proper restorative material for class V restorations. 1198)Esthetics is less a factor because the class V restoration in question is placed at the cervical area of a mandibular premolar and is not within the esthetic zone. Compressive strength is only a factor in occlusal restorations or those cavities which are under heavy occlusal load. 1199)Glass ionomer is typically the most indicated restorative material for class V posterior restorations because they: Bond to root structure Release fluoride to help protect the surrounding root structure Are easily contoured Are easily smoothed Composite is typically used for anterior class V restorations because they are more esthetic. 1200)what code of ethics will the dentist break by extracting all teeth? Veracity Beneficiance Non- maleficance

SOS Document: for Ethics Patient Autonomy SECTION 1 — Principle: Patient Autonomy ("self-governance") PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT -Patient involvement -Patient Records Nonmaleficence SECTION 2 — Principle: Nonmaleficence ("do no harm"). PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT -Education -Consultation and Referral ADVISORY OPINION -Second Opinion -Use of Auxillary Personnel -Personal Impairment

-Ability to Practice -Postexposure, Bloodborne Pathogens -Patient abandonment -Personal Relationships with Patients Beneficence SECTION 3 — Principle: Beneficence ("do good") PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT -Community Service -Government of A Profession -Research And Development -Patents And Copyrights -Abuse and Neglect ADVISORY OPINION -Reporting Abuse and Neglect -Professional Demeanor in the Workplace -Disruptive Behavior in the Workplace. Justice SECTION 4 — Principle: Justice ("fairness") PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT -Patient Selection ADVISORY OPINION -Patients with Disabilities or Bloodborne Pathogens. -Emergency Service. -Justifiable Criticism. -Meaning of "Justifiable." -Expert Testimony -Contingent Fees -Rebates And Split Fees -Split Fees In Advertising And Marketing Services. Veracity SECTION 5 — Principle: Veracity ("truthfulness") PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT -Representation of Care

Advisory Opinions -Dental Amalgam and Other Restorative Materials. -Unsubstantiated Representations -Representation of Fees. -Waiver of Copayment. -Overbilling -Fee Differential -Treatment Dates. -Dental Procedures. -Unnecessary Services -Disclosure of Conflict of Interest -Devices And Therapeutic Methods. -Reporting Adverse Reactions -Marketing or Sale of Products or Procedures. -Professional Announcement. -Advertising -Published Communications. -Examples of "False Or Misleading -Unearned, Nonhealth Degrees -Referral Services -Infectious Disease Test Results -Web Sites and Search Engine Optimization -Name of Practice. -Dentist Leaving Practice -Announcement of Specialization And Limitation of Practice -Dual Degreed Dentists -Specialist Announcement of Credentials in Non-Specialty Interest Areas. -General Practitioner Announcement of Services -General Practitioner Announcement of Credentials in Interest Areas in Dentistry. -Credentials in General Dentistry.

1201)NIP=National Immunization Program these guys plan, coordinate, and conduct immunization activities in the United States 1202)Calculations of file #35 at D7 and 0.06? Number of file x0.01…….35x0.01=0.35 D number x taper given like 0.02 or 0.06…...7 x 0.06=0.42 calculate=0.35+0.42=0.77

1203)in Turner's Hypoplasia -Vary from focal areas of white, yellow or brown discoloration to extensive hypoplasia which can involve the entire crown. Most frequently noted in permanent bicuspids because of their relationship to the overlying deciduous molars. 1204)In regards to traumatic injury, which teeth are most affected by Turner's Hypoplasia Maxillary central incisors 1205)Critical years for dental fluorosis During the 2nd and third years of life when anterior teeth are forming and fluoride levels are greater than 1 pt per million ingested. 1206)heparin=PTT Warfarin/coumadin=PT Hemophilia= INR Coumarin=INR Alcohol= INR Aspirin=Bleeding time Dicoumarol=PPT 1207) golden ratio= 1.618:1 1208)freeway space= 1-3mm 1209)ferrule=1.5-2.0mm of vertical tooth structure above the finish line 1210)Epulis Fissuratum-overgrowth of intraoral tissue caused by chronic irritation, usually an overextended denture flange 1211)BULL rule for selective grinding Buccal Upper, Lower Lingual 1212)direction of ridge resorption: MAX. superior and posterior MAND. inferior and anterior 1213)Diagnosis and tx. Planning for dentures *Burning sensation in mandibular ridge= pressure on mental foramen *Burning sensation in palatal area= pressure on incisive foramen *Clicking of denture teeth= excessive VDO, porcelain teeth *Cheek Biting= Not enough horizontal overlap of posterior teeth, insufficient OVD *Decreased salivary flow=protein deficiency *Angular cheilosos,glossitis, edema, and papillary atrophy= vit B deficiency, insufficient OVD *Mucosal changes= vit C def. 1214)Personality assessment made using House’s psychological class. A)PHILOSOPHICAL=accepts dentist’s judgement and instructions, best prognosis B)EXACTING=methodical and demanding, asks a lot of questions, good prog.

C)INDIFFERENT=doesn't care about dental treatment. Gives up easily. D)HYSTERICAL=emotionally unfit to wear dentures, never happy, worst prog. 1215)surveying i sthe process of locating the heights of contour on abutment teeth to help in designing the RPD. 1216)major connector=RIGIDITY 1217)INDIRECT RETAINERS=are needed only for distal extension RPDs 1218)biological width=1mm connective tiss+1mm junctional epi.=2mm 1219)encroachment of bio.width. Leads to= chrnic ging. Irritation and inflm. Or bone loss 1220)resistance form is more imp. Than retention form 1221)chamfer=best for metal margins shoulder= best for porcelain margins 1222)Most useful in primary class 2 intracoronal restorations: 1.wide occlusal table (naa we need narrow occlusal table) 2.wide contacts 1223)the risk of respiratory depression and coma is less for Benzodiazepines than barbiturates. 1224)most common facial bone fracture? NASAL bone or Zygomatic bone 1225)guerin’s sign(buccal vestibule ecchymosis) seen in le fort 1 1226)Anchorage in orthodontics is except: A.splinting two teeth together B.bracketing two teeth C.removable appliance with finger spring 1227)most common tooth for VRF+mand 1st Molar

1228)

1229)

1230) 1231)angle for sharpening dental scaler on stone?110 degrees 1232)When designing a clinical study, one uses the power of the statistical test to accomplish which of the following? A- Measure validity B- Set the alpha level C- Reject the null hypothesis D- Determine sample size 1233)Bacteria least likely to be cause in- 1.RCT or 2.extraction and intentional replantation 1234)Kennedys classification:

NOTE:ken. Class 4 RPD CANNOT have modification spaces. 1234) Porcelain is strongest at which stage?cooling And weekest at which stage?firing under compression 1235) Diflunisal (DOLObid) has a longer half life than aspirin,acetaminophen, and ibuprofen.

1236)Ellis classification (Tooth fractures)

Ellis Class I-Enamel fracture: This level of injury includes crown fractures that extend through the enamel only. These teeth are usually nontender and without visible color change but have rough edges. Ellis Class II-Enamel and dentin fracture without pulp exposure: Injuries in this category are fractures that involve the enamel as well as the dentin layer. These teeth are typically tender to the touch and to air exposure. A yellow layer of dentin may be visible on examination. Ellis Class III-Crown fracture with pulp exposure: These fractures involve the enamel, dentin, and pulp layers. These teeth are tender (similar to those in the Ellis II category) and have a visible area of pink, red, or even blood at the center of the tooth. Ellis Class IV-Traumatized tooth that has become non-vital with or without loss of tooth structure.

Ellis Class V-Luxation: The effect on the tooth that tends to dislocate the tooth from the alveolus. Teeth loss due to trauma. Ellis Class VI-Avulsion: The complete separation of a tooth from its alveolus by traumatic injury. Fracture of root with or without loss of crown structure. Ellis Class VII-Displacement of a tooth without the fracture of crown or root. Ellis Class VIII-Fracture of the crown en masse and its replacement. Ellis Class IX-fracture of deciduous teeth.

1237)Most common intra oral site for melanotic macule Intraoral :gingiva Extraoral:lip 1238)The most important indication for prognosis of periodontal tooth: attachment levels, BOP, plaque note:Attachment...prognosis Bop....success of SRP Plaque.... Long term prognosis 1239)codiene acts to suppress cough reflex. 1240)Cracking sound:Emphysema

1241)GTR best prognosis? A deep narrow, B deep wide ,C shallow narrow, D Shallow wide 1242)Nalbuphine(nubain) to be avoided as pain med in heroin dependent pt...because as a mixed agonist it can elicit withdrawal symptoms. 1243)opoid overdose??? what do u give pt?...Naloxane 1244) opoid dependent individual?? drug of choice to Tx?? Methadone 1245)Mepiridine (Demerol) an opoid analgesic = mod. To sev. Pain 1246)succinylcholine isa depolarizing neuromuscular junction blocker subject to rapid inactivation by plasma pseudocholinesterase. It is used to prevent laryngospasm. 1247)d-tubocuraine is a non-depolarizing neuromuscular junction blocker 1248)mecamylamine and hexamethonium are ganglionic blockers that produce orthostatic hypotension. 1249)cholinergic crisis:tx by giving atropin 1250)a 3 year old kid, after injection of lidocaine the lips start swelling and he has hives, what should the dentist do? Do you have an answer for that?Allergy give Epinephrine 1251)tuberosity fx is most for lone maxillary molar 1252)Max- hemorrhage , Mand dry socket If doesn’t mansion any jaw - dry socket “During extraction” root fracture for both jaws 1253)After seating new complete dentures, the patient has increased salivation due to: A. parasympathetic stimulation of salivary glands 1254)botulinum toxin prevents release of acetylcholine. 1255) Purpose of higher burnish property which to use: Microfilled, Micro hybrid, Hybrid, Others 1256) Most stable composite is ? UDMA(if udma not in option then bisgma) 1257)Which cavity classification both in anteriors and posterior ? class 1 1258)Each of the following is a common cause of denture gagging EXCEPT one. Which is the EXCEPTION? A- Inadequate posterior palatal seal, B- Excessive vertical dimension,C- Bulkiness of denture, D- Excessive anterior guidance 1259)more viscous less polymerization shrinkage, less viscous more polymerization shrinkage 1260)A 55-year-old patient comes into your office for routine dental work. You see that he has a tooth fracture (due to decay) of tooth #31. A smooth, firm, asymptomatic lesion is noted on the lateral border of the tongue adjacent to the sharp enamel of tooth a traumatic fibroma, a leiomyosarcoma, a leiomyoma, a rhabdomyoma

1261)Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is associated with all of the following EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? nasopharyngeal carcinoma, oral hairy leukoplakia, burkitt lymphoma, koplik spots 1262)55 y.o.man, hypertension, smokes 40 packs-year, extraction of tooth 30. Which analgesic you can not give? Acetominophen, ibuprofen, tramadol, Tylenol 3. Ibuprofen because its an nsaid...n it along with antihypertensive drugs will increase hyptension 1263)flap primary gingivectomy is secondary graft tertiary 1264)Types of healing of tissues Regeneration Repair Reattachment New attachment 1265)Asthma constriction of bronchiole or smooth muscle??Technically smooth muscles because for bronchioles to constrict the muscles need to act. 1266)Most common cause of breathing difficulty in dental chair? asthma 1267)Difficulty-asthma Respiratory Emergency -hyperventilation Emergency-syncope 1268)Proximal retention in class II box for amalgam? Retentive grooves, convergence of facial lingual walls, bevel on axiopulpal line angle, all of the above, none of the above Class 2 had separate retention One for occlusal convergence One for proximal groves 1269)patient with the history of bite on bread feeling sensitivity to cold= Cracked tooth 1270)Good prognosis : Carcinoma on lip or Adenocarcinoma 1271)Theophylline relaxes smooth muscle by inhibiting ?A. adenylate cyclase B. phosphodiesterase C. monoamine oxidase 1272)Which would NOT be included in a differential diagnosis of the right mandibular radiolucency? A- Keratocystic odontogenic tumor, B- Ameloblastoma, C- Periapical (radicular) cyst, D- Lateral periodontal cyst 1273)Soap bubble ameloblastoma 1274)adenoid cystic carcinoma histologic features Swiss cheese pattern or honey comb 1275)drug for severe hypertension or emergency hypertensive crisis?guanethidine 1276)Chlorothiazide for mild hypertension 1277)hand foot and mouth disease caused by COX virus

1278)how much the distance between apical Forman and apical construction?0.5-1mm 1279)ss files show fatigue 1280)niti fracture without sign 1281)Is there difference in percentage of peridex for kids and adults? They ask how much % for kids

0.12% adults children less than 18yrs not recommended

1282)case 10. the dentist should be able to make an appointment for his or her emergency cases : JUSTICE(Dentists shall be obliged to make reasonable arrangements for the emergency care of their patients of record. Dentists shall be obliged when consulted in an emergency by patients not of record to make reasonable arrangements for emergency care.) 1283)case 9.specalist returning the patient after work done :NON MAL 1284)case 8. refering to specialist: NON MAL(under of professional conduct. dentist is obligated to seek consultation whenever ps needs to be safeguard and specialist upon completion go their care will return to you.) 1285)case 7.Code for overbilling but they didnt state over billibg but said you waived the copayment:VERACITY(veracity in ADVISORY OPINIONS. WAIVER OF COPAYMENT. A dentist who accepts a third party1 payment under a copayment plan as payment in full without disclosing to the third party1 that the patient’s payment portion will not be collected, is engaged in overbilling. The essence of this ethical impropriety is deception and misrepresentation; an overbilling dentist makes it appear to the third party1 that the charge to the patient for services rendered is higher than it actually is.) 1286)case 6.Dentist doesn't tell that he is not collecting patient portion, what principle?VERACITY 1287)case 5. Unethical to fee the patient solely bcoz he is benefiting from insurance.:VERACITY 1288)case 4 . what code of ethics will the dentist break by extracting all teeth?AUTONOMY 1289)case 3.patient with almost all teeth but very bad oral hygiene. Dentist decide to present a treatment plan extracting all their teeth assuming that the patient is not going to improve this habits he is violating which code??AUTONOMY (because dentist should not

assume.pt has self governance too , dentist has to respect pat rights and self determination and confiandelity .) 1290)case 2 .dentist not behaving well with colleagues and staff:beneficence. (disrupt behavior in the workplace affecting beneficience cuz decrease quality of pt care provide her dentist and work team don't have a good enviroment .)

1291)1 :.Unethical to fee the patient solely bcoz he is benefiting from insurance: VERACITY 1292)what kind of resorption for vital teeth get bleach? Cerical 1293)What the main active material in MTA ? mineral trioxide(calcium+aluminum +silicate) 1294)Fixing agent-sodium thiosulfate Preservative - sodium sulfite Hardening agent-potassium alum Acidifier_acetic avid or sulfuric acid 1295)What cell increase in acute osteomyelitis? Neutrophils 1296)What number of forceps for MX centeral incisor?ant forcep...#1 or #99 1297)Position of asthma, emphysema patient….never supine. Upright 1298)pre op sedation in children? drug used. hydrazine or chloral hydrate 1299)Where is perforation on first molar mostly?distal of mesial root. Its called strip perforation due to concavity in distal surface of mesial root 1300)What its called the surgery for open maxillary sinus to remove broken root:caldwell luc 1301)What its mean U or J shapes in X ray:zygomatic process of maxilla 1302)Wide Bucco lingually n narrow mesiodiatally:shape of root canal in MD canine 1303)Implant fall from hand of surgeon where it will go to R or L? Right lung 1304)What cannot be seen with a PA? Pterygoid hamulus, coronoid notch,mental foramen,mand.Canal 1305)Indium in amalgam does what? reduce creep and marginal breakdown 1306)GTR best prognosis? 3 wall defects, deep narrow, Cl2 furcation 1307)Which solution and percentage used for biopsy ?it10% formalin 1308)Which technique has open pulp direct or indirect?direct 1309)What type of incision for palatal tuberosity reduction???double Y 1310)Gic inner n outer composite for sandwitch tech.

1311)Where is located pulmonery auscultation:left second intercostal area

1312)most Esthetic pontic design : modified rigde easy to clean : ovate Hardest to clean : saddle ridge . 1313)Crown/root fracture most common in: Max. Anteriors

1314)internal voids surface defects: a) leads to stress relaxation,b) increases translucency, c) decreases elastic modulus of elasticity 1315)Controlled HTN and DM and history of myocardial infarction 2 years..which asa classification?3 1316)While placing a self threaded pin accidentally the pin goes in to the pulp chamber what is ur management? 1.place caoh and proceed the treatment, 2.cover the tip of the pin with caoh replace it and proceed, 3. Do RCT, 4. Extraction 1317)Where does the epithelial cells for a graft come from? Recipient epithelium or Recipient connective tissue. Ans. Recipient epithelial and remnant basal cell of donor Blood supply-c.t Thickness-c.t 1318)open tray impression: diverging implants Closed tray impression: parallel 1319)what about copings in impression ? Closed tray- impression coping attached to the implant analogue outside the mouth and then reattach to the impression before cast pouring Open tray - Impression coping attached with screw .and the screw removed before we remove impression from mouth Result is we get the impression coping attached to the impression 1320)Best prognosis on a radicular PERFORATION: A)apical third of the root B)middle third of the root, C)cervical third of the root 1321)Herpangina? oraal manifestation=Ulcers on back of mouth like tonsilar fauces soft palate. Cox virus. 1322)implants contraindicated in cleft palate and bruxism 1323)we can't make a surgical guide with more holes than the implants we are going to place. 1324)the surgical guide stent most of the times is restricted and is the best one to follow the location, angulation and parallelism that is needed for the pros to restore the implant 1325)minimum amount of ridge necessary to place implant? 10mm BL is 6-7mm 1326)Add sillicone-h2 byproduct Polyether-none Pvs/polysulfid-water Condensing silicone-alcohol

1327)Which is best for epileptic patients?1. Removal partial denture, 2. Complete denture , 3. Fixed pfm , 4. Fixed gold 1328)Which one is false about surgical stent in placing implant, 1- number of implants you can place 2.angulation of implant 3.location of implant 4.thickness of implant Note: we can only use the stent with the pilot bur because in diameter the bur cant go deeper (the implant bur have more diameter) than the holes on the surgical stent has. Note in dentin :A surgical stent helps create the initial bone depression and pilot drill orientation. • Place implant entirely in bone, ideally at least 10mm. • Must be at least 3mm both mesially and distally to the implant if next to another implant, or at least 1.0 mm if the implant is placed next to a natural tooth. • Ideally want total space of >7mm mesial-distally. • Buccal and Lingual of imp 1329)in slob Location of mb2 in tooth Mesiobuccal 2 is mesialy and lingualy to mb1 in max 1m in slob... moves mesialy = Palatal-mb2-mb1-distal 1330)What its most common abscess:periapical 1331)Size of suture material is design by number of zeroes. Which is larger 0-0 OR 6-0 I chose 0-0 larger, 6-0 smaller 9-0 is the smallest and weakest 1332)which one give you notes it will break before break niti or ss file?Ss.

note:Niti doesn’t give, it just breaks 1333)Bleach affects enamel dentin or both?both.Bleaching causes color change in enamel and dentin. 1334)how much bone is lost after tooth extraction?4mm in first year

In the first year after tooth extraction 25% of bone is lost, and this bone loss continues on.

1335)Fluoridation in porcelain crown and Fluoridation in porcelain veneer : neutral Sodium fluoride 1336)Opioid dont do what? Xerostomia 1337)contraindicated with asthma attack? O2 1338)Most common impacted tooth?Canine 1339)Main reason to do testing:A.mimic pain or B.test vitality 1340)Study to compare DMFT of boys n girl: Chi sq or T test mean for dmft is t- test but if only DMFT between boys and girls : chi square 1341)osteocunductive and in dfdb(Demineralized freeze dried bone) +osteoinductive.

1342)NSIAD IS IRREVERSABLE OR REVERSABLE?Reversable except for aspirin And plavix 1343)Single dose of aspirin how long is affect platlet?before surgery we need to stop aspirin 5- 7 days note:If baby asprin 81-no need to stop 1344)HIV patients you can do all except:Clotrimazole or prophylaxis or Graft(because of poor healing) ??1345)difficult to stare what direction in CN VI Lateral upwards 1346)tennis racket and honeycomb apperance? 1347)Best Amalgam:A. High copper spherical amalgam or B. High copper admixed amalgam 1348)Diphenhydramine causes dry mouth by- 1. Anticholinergic, 2.antihistamine. ??1349)beclomethasone? is cortocsteroid? slow or fast acting ? 1350)resistance to lingual movement of 3/4 crown? a.lingual wall of groove b.facial wall of groove c.facial aspect of prep 1351)Advantage of clinical remount?Reduce pt participate , Permits dentist to see better Provide stable base 1352)Most reliable way to detect bony roughness after surgery is:Finger on bone, Finger on soft tissue,Review pt after one week,None 1353)for tipping finger springs only or z springs too?Z spring can cause tipping too. 1354)perm teeth most often missing...3rd mand m, mand pm, max lateral 1355)Least common 1 and 2 molars of both jaws followed by mandíbulas canines 1356)Dexterity comes by? 6-8yrs or 7-8yrs 1357)if in option what to treat first anterior or posterior crossbite'?post. note:posterior crossbite and mild anterior crossbite as soon as possible. sever anterior crossbite in contrasrt are usually not correcter until the second stage of conventional treatment 1358)low occ plane. leadstovwhat?? decrease biting force??? 1359)which drug is least likely to result in an allergy? lidocain , epinephrine, procain, bisulfitc

1360)pt with total knee replacement was taking amoxicillin how do you premedicate? clinda or no need 1361)Function of the lip bow Active-retraction -incisor retraction Passive-retention- treat overjet 1362)Which is more accurate open tray or close tray impression for implants?open 1363)antibiotic metabolism affected by chronic tx with ?? tca, ssri, diazepam all 1364)Elective rct contraindicated in uncontrolled diabetes 1365)What kind of occlusion normal dentistion has.. Canine guided Group function Balanced

note:That's why facet on max central and canine lingual and on facial incisal of lower mandibular canine seen. Normally it has to be cusp and fossa but it's not mentioned

1366)Periodontal Ligament (PDL) is: a. Narrower on mesial surface b. Wider on mesial surface c. Equal on both surfaces d. Wider in anterior teeth 1367)Type of resorption in avulsed teeth?Replacement.

Part of external root resorption that causes Replacement ( ankylosis) resportion 1368)Material under construction turn to fluid is what?thick becomes thin. Less viscous?Thixotropic 1369)You told to patient every time you come do disturbances is 1- irrelevant or 2-empathy 1370)Topical corticosteroids used in?Angular chelitis or Erosive lichen planus note:Since chelitis is related to candida so it will grow more when u give anti inflammatory in the form corticosteroids 1371)When do use base metals apposed to gold?When we need more strength.

Long span bridges 1372)Class 5 anterior composite posterior GIC Root caries is GIC 1373)Metastatic diseases of the oral region is most likely to occur in which location: Tongue, Post maxilla, post mandible, Floor of the mouth 1374)Study related to cause and effect.:Clinical trial or CRosssectional

1375)Upper lateral incisor has an abscess, fistula and periapical radiolucency. After RCT, what treatment is needed for the fistula: A. nothing, B. excision, C. antibiotics 1376)After seating new complete dentures, the patient has increased salivation due to: parasympathetic stimulation of saliv glands, direct stimulation of saliv glands by dentures, direct stimulation of ganglion that then stimulates saliv glands 1377)Best treatment for localized aggressive periodontitis:Metronidazol or Tetracycline Note : Perio-metronidazole Endo-pc 1378)Kennedy’s class-III, Tooth supported RPD rest towards the ridge- both mesial and distal ridge. 1379)Rest is always adjacent to edentulous space in every type 1380)Methamphetamine act in causes increased caries by all of the following except ? Lowering pH , Xerostomia, Poor diet, Poor oral hygiene Not as for poor diet- Amphetamines cause loss of appetite 1381)Weird question about medication for stomach ulcer - all work in one area except for one which one is systemic? It is: Calcium carbonate, magnesium oxide, sodium bicarbonate 1382)Which flap preserves most of gingiva? Apically displaced, lateral displace, split papilla 1383)prostho, surgery question A patient who has a moderate bony undercut on the facial from canine-to-canine needs an immediate maxillary denture. There is also a tuberosity that is severely undercut. This patient is best treated by A. reducing surgically the tuberosity only. B. reducing surgically the facial bony undercut only. C. reducing surgically both tuberosity and facial bony undercut. D. leaving the bony undercuts and relieving the denture base. 1384)Which one of the following inflammatory cell is common in the microscopic infiltrates of tuberculosis, histoplasmosis and other fungal infections? a) plasma cell, b) macrophage, c) neutrophil, d) basophil, e) eosinophil 1385)Most dominant cells in periodontal pocket :a. Lymphocyte, b. Plasma cells,c. Neutrophilis, d. Macrophage 1386)Hypotensive effect and itching from oxycodone is due to -release of histamin

distance from implant to cementoenamel junction of adjacent tooth :A 1-2 coronal, B2-3 coronal, C 1-2 apical, D 2-3 apical 1387)EPT-A delta 1388)IAN infection will spread into:Submandibular space, Submental space, Pterygomandibular space, Retropharyngeal 1389)A panoramic radiograph of a 55-year-old female reveals generalized widening of the periodontal ligament space and bilateral resorption of the mandibular angles. What is the most likely diagnosis? A- Fibrous dysplasia, B- Progressive systemic sclerosis C- Osteosarcoma, D- Marfan syndrome 1390)each of these is covered in the ADA code of this except: advertisement, patient values. 1391)Muscle on buccal frenum of mandible- orbicularis oris and buccinator. Muscle on labial frenum of mandible-orbicularis oris 1392)After how long of wearing does a face mask become useless = 1 hour 1393)As the severity of inflammation increases, the neutrophils cells increases in inflamed gingiva 1394)kennnedys 3,4 tooth supported 1,2 tissue supported Tooth supported rests towards the ridge from mesial and distal side 1395)Metastasis from other site to oral is post mand But the most metastasis cancer in oral cavity is floor in the mouths 1396)was systemic antibiotics with surgical therapy for which type of periodontal problem: LAP Or NUG or chronic periodontitis 1397)finger spring :Mesiodistal move and Buccolingual 1398)Sunburst appearance on Xray- Osteosarcoma 1399)02 is contraindicated in COPD. Not asthma 1400)Pink puffer- emphysema 1401)Blue bloaters- chronic bronchitis 1402)Increase in the length of lung- emphysema 1403)With aging face profile - less convex 1404)After administering an inferior alveolar nerve block, the dentist notices paralysis of the muscles of the forehead, the eyelid, and the upper and lower lip on the same side of the injection. Anesthetic agent was most likely deposited into which of the following structures? Ans: capsule of parotid gland. Posterior injection. Related to facial nerve. 1405)Flumazenil inhibit BDZs 1406)Pencillinamine for copper wilson

1408)Ostectomy is removal of supporting perio bone 1409)Osteotomy is cutting of bone in surgery 1410)Dactrolene for malignant hyperthermia 1411)Cl 2 difficult in primary teeth - Cervical constriction 1412)Gold standard for behavior modification ?reinforcement 1413)A patient presents with recurrent ulcerations of mucous membranes throughout their body. A complete blood count (CBC) reveals high levels of lymphocytes and virtually undetectable levels of neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? Ans: Agranulocytosis 1414)Sequestrectomy-bronj stage 2-bisphos. Related surg. 1415)thickening of lung wall?buildup of fibrous scar tissue (pleural thickening).

note:Pulmonary fibrosis is a lung disease that occurs when lung tissue becomes damaged and scarred. This thickened, stiff tissue makes it more difficult for your lungs to work properly. 1416)cystic fibrosis?thick mucous production, but not thickening of lung wall. Note:autosomal recessive disease thats the most common lethal inherited disease in america. Whites. Common Symptom:chronic cough with sputum dyspnea. 1417)Ideal time to remove 3rd molar- 17-21yrs when root 2/3 formed

1418)Before removing a palatal torus - STENT should be fabricated 1419)Nomal healthy ASA1 pt: max. Epi dose 0.2mg Roughly 11 catridges of 1:100,000epi. Max dose of lido 7mg/kg *for healthy pt epi is the limiting factor 1420)acyclovir moa? inhibit viral mrna or inhibit dna polymeraz

note:Acyclovir is a new antiviral drug that acts as a specific inhibitor of herpesvirus DNA polymerase. It shows good in vitro activity against herpes simplex and varicella-zoster viruses. 1421)Home internal bleach causes mostly =External cervical/root resorption 1422)cardiac defibrilator can be used >8yrs kids. Ped. pads 1-8yrs kids. Blow 1 year donot use it. 1423)Cleft lip/ palate incidence ? Together and alone ? Together 1:700 Cleft lip= 1:1000 Cleft palate=1:2000 1424)There is a study that shows that if there is extraradicular plaque in an infected tooth the dentist might need to do what? a. Mechanochemical irrigation and debridement of the canal b. Surgical endo (apicoectomy) 1425)on bleaching an endo treated tooth if not good seal= Acute apical periodontitis 1426)ADHD: More common in boys. If a kid is taking amphetamine, tell him not to take the medicine before dental appointment. 1427)Amphetamin +epi =death 1428)Adamimumab-inflicimab=tx rheumatoid arthritis 1429)Cellulite-antibiotics Abcess-incision & drainage +antibiotics Sinus tract-just rct 1430)Abcess-pmn Cellulite-lymphocitosis/leukocytosis 1431)Which of the following has been most strongly implicated in the cause of aphthous stomatitis? A- Cytomegalovirus B- Allergy to tomatoes C- Herpes simplex virus D- Staphylococcal organisms E- Human leukocyte antigens 1432)A displaced fracture of the mandible courses from the angle to the third molar. This fracture is potencially difficult to treat with a closed reduction because of A- Injury to the neurovascular bundle B- Malocclusion secondary to the injury C- Compromise of the blood supply to the mandible D- Distraction of the fracture segments by muscle pull

1433)An advantage of metal-ceramic crowns, compared with full ceramic crowns for restoring anterior teeth is: A. Palatal reduction may be of minimal thickness, B. Overall conservative for tooth structure, C. Ability to watch the appearance of adjacent natural teeth, D. Less laboratory time 1434)Which cancer of salivary glands have perineural invasion ?Adenomatoid and polymorphous low grade adenomatous . 1435)A patient’s measured stimulated salivary flow volume is 0.5 ml/minute. The term that best describes this condition is:A- Xerostomia, B- Normal salivary flow, C- Hyposalivation, D- Hypersalivation 1436)A 14-year-old female has gingival tissues that bleed easily on gentle probing. The color of the gingiva ranges from light red to magenta. Probing depths range from 1 - 3mm. Some of the interdental papillae are swollen. Which of the following represents the most likely diagnosis? A- Gingivitis, B- Localized aggressive periodontitis, C- Herpetic gingivostomatitis, D- Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis 1437)Attrition in elderly ppl doesnt cause loss of contact because of: A.deposition of bone around a fundus, B.deposition of cementum at apical area C.both 1438)stimulated and unstimulated salivary flow rate? Stimulated Unstimulated Normal - more than 1 ml/min Normal - 0.3-0.6 ml/min Low - 0.7-1 ml/min Low - 0.1-0.3 Very low - <0.7 ml/min Very low - <0.1 **(Some say normal is up to 1ml/min so let’s assume 0.3- 1 ml/min, just answer depending on the option and daily rate is 0.5-1.5 liter/day) 1439)Treatment plan - 4-6 Feet normal - 2-3 F working - 30-40 cm 1440)What sound checked during wax try in ?s and z 1441)Wheel chair question ? Sliding Ask the patient(pt knows best) 1442)Oral leukoplakia has the most favourable prognosis when it is A. present in a non-smoker. B. accompanied by pain. C. infected with Candida albicans. D. speckled in appearance. E. on the hard palate.

1443)What cell increase in acute osteomyelitis:PMN note:hx: granulation tissue intermixed with neutrophils, fibrin and tissue debris surrounding spicules, in the periphery near the junction with unaffected bone infiltrate of lymphocytes and plasma cells 1444)What scalpel often used in dentistry? 15 1445) What number of forceps for MX centeral incisor? 99 1446)What type of incision for trephinations? Semilunar / horizontal 1447)In onlay restoration, cusp removal is for: More resistant form 1448)X ray fixing sol.

1449)K files

1450)alkaline phosphatase Is increased with pt has:1- Paget, 2- hypophosphatsia,3- cherubism 1451)alginate setting time

1452)MTA main constituents:trical. And dical.silicate and trical. Aluminate Note:bismuth sulfide added so that it apprears on an Xray 1453)What function of elevator?luxate tooth 1454)What is the percentage of Peridex fir root canal in child?0.2-2%

0.2% as irritating agent, 0.12% as mouthwash 1455) Different between NiTi file and stainsleel?niti more flexible , low modulus of elasticity stainless more rigid. 1456)the distance between apical Forman and apical construction?0.5 - 1mm 1457)Where is perforation on MD first molar mostly?distal side of mesial root 1458)What its mean U or J shapes in X ray?zygomatic process max 1459)Describe shape of root canal in MD canine - Wide Bucco lingually n narrow mesiodiatally 1460)Tongue fall to left side on potrusion,which nerve involved:in lower motor neuron -left hypoglossal n-cn12 1461)Indications for akinosi technique:trismus , when pt cannot open mouth 1462)Membrane excitation process, how much time is in each of the following phases? Depolarization (p wave ) 0.08 to 0 .10 sec or( 80 to 100 Ms) PR interval 0.12 to 0.20 sec Repolarization 0.2 to 0.3 sec 1463) When is recall of patient for suture removal? 7-10 days 1464)Examples of cases where you expect dense surrounding bone: Cementoblastoma , cemento osseous dysplasia 1465)all about hep.

1466)Function of periosteal elevator: to retract or seperate the perio ligament from around the teeth.lift soft tissue, and have better visibility.mucoperiosteal reflect after incisions 1467)What is mallet:instrument used with chisel to cut bone 1468)What mixed in IRM for strength?PMMA powder

1469)Melanocytic Nevi - elavated-birth mark or mole- cause proliferation of melanocytes ..they form a cluster ( malformation or Hamartoma) Melanocytic macule - flat- cause is increase melanin pigmentation of the stratified squamous epithelium

1470)

1471)drug with the broadest antimicrobial spectrum??? tetracycline 1472)drug with the broadest gram negative spectrum???Ampicillin 1473) do we premed in endo?NO 1474)

1475)Most carries Mandibular first molar Most treatment failure maxillary first molar Most fracture mandibular second molar 1476)main disadvantage of gold inlay a. deform under load b. wear opposing c. cement is soluble d. possible attrition

1477)When you tries to seat a crown on tooth you find a discrepancy of 0.3mm at the margin you will: A. Reduce inner surface of crown, B. Remake a new crown, C. Smooth the enamel at the margin, D. Hand burnish crown margins 1478)1. Periimplantits and periodontitis microflora: A.peri-implantitis flora less pathogenic; B. Periodontitis flora less pathogenic; C.Similar; D. Unrelated 1479)Public health has been defined as "the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting human health through organized efforts and informed choices of society, organizations, public and private, communities and individuals" 1480) A root can be left unextracted during incomplete extraction if: A its apex is connected to the sinus tract; b. It's not more than 2 mm; c. it's mobile 1481)Osseous crater in interdental space on radiograph is: underestimated or overestimated 1482) MRI has what waves:radiowave -magmatic field 1483)4 year old kid doesn't have second PM on XRay- options were: a. 2nd pm is absent, maintain space; b 2nd pm is absent, close space; c refer to pediatrician for discussing growth deficiency; d restrain from making a decision about presence of PM2. 1484)Systemic and topical antifungal: miconazol, clotrimazol, fuconazole, griseofulvin note: the systemic is amphoterecin and ketoconazole 1485)Side effects of nystatin: diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, rash, skin irritation, allergic rxn, rarely stevens-jhnson syndrome 1486)Anatomical structure you need to consider in posture when treating a pregnant woman: IVC Note tx: turn on left side , right hip up about 15 degrees 1487) DI features: opalescent color; large dentinal tubules; short fragile roots; scalloping of DEJ 1488)If child has endo trx anterior tooth restoration should wirh ss crown?Posterior is SS crown , no amalgam in pedo use.For anterior either GIC or composite ,GIC is better though 1489)55 y.o.man, hypertension, smokes 40 packs-year, extraction of tooth 30. Which analgesic you can not give? Acetominophen, ibuprofen, tramadol, Tylenol 3 Ans IBUPROFEN. note: ibuprofen CI in hypertensive , Tramadol CI with alcohol 1490) Large periapical radiolucency, sensitivity on percussion. Diagnosis? Symptomatic periodontitis or 1491)Teeth 8 and 9 are missing. What space should be for implants? 2, 3, 5,6 (I didn't get wether they were asking between implants or for both implants, since 6

wouldn't be enough for both implants considering their width,I chose 3 as between implants).3mm 1492)Factor C definition :bonded: unbonded surface Note: Class1 - highest C factor; Class4- lowest 1493) You are testing a hypothesis. You set alpha =0.05. Researchers reject null hypothesis. You found p 0.01. What does it mean? Type 1 error, type 2 error, no error , not enough power 1494)The most common lymphoma in jaws? Lymphocytic, Burkitt's, granulocytic 1495)What should be done in initial stage of periodontal treatment? Medical history, extraction of hopeless teeth, root planning 1496)Tuberculosis is presented in oral cavity as: multiple ulcers in various locations, tonsils lesions 1497) How to make patient more prone for oral hygiene? Maintenance every 3 months, ask him to note each time he doesn't floss, ask him to mark each time he flosses, ask him to mark every Sunday all times he flosses in the previous week 1498)Glossitis and angular cheilitis are caused by deficiency of: Ca, Zn, Fe and B12 1499)Pain med of choice for:: Liver failure pt: Oxycodone, ibuprofen Renal failure pt: Acetaminophen Alcoholic pt: Oxycodone/ Naproxene Pregnant pt: Acetaminophen, tynelol 1500)How does gingival fibers orient next to implant ? parallel to implant with no insertion, perpendicular with insertion, parallel with cuff, perpendicular with cuff 1501)What is not true about Kaposi: it's primarily on palate, it is caused by HIV(it is seen in HIV but it is caused by HSV : 8 ), it has vascular origin 1502) If incisors are closed during sibilant sounds, what does it mean? Increased vdo(and decreased free way space), increased horizontal overlap,increased vertical overlap 1503)55 y.o. patient on warfarin, inr 5, what is the main cause of bleeding? Blocking of vit K, inhibition of platelet aggregation 1504) How long should you splint an avulsed tooth for: 10-14 days(2weeks), 4-6 weeks, 4-6 months 1505) How long should you splint a fractured jaw: 4-6 week 1506) fibrous dysplasia:ground glass

1507)there is a RL near 8,9,10. Xray is given from lateral view. What is it? Incisal cyst , ameloblastoma, myxoma, dentigerous cyst note:Amelo post mand Mycoma posterior Denti w impacted tooth Aot could be but with impacted canine 1508)Which flap preserves most of gingiva? Apically displaced, lateral displace, split papilla 1509)What is the primary purpose of pulpotomy on mandibular first molar at 6 y.o.? Compete apexification, physiologic maturation of roots 1510)What is the easiest method for examining a 12-month-old child? A- Child in the dental chair and parent at chairside B- Parent in the dental chair and the child sitting on parent’s lap C- Dentist and parent in a knee-to-knee position whit the child’s head on dentist’s lap D- Dentist and parent in a knee-to-knee position with the child’s head on parent’s lap 1511)The most common complication for soft tissue during the extraction: dehiscence, pinch, mucosal tear 1512)Modified lap ridge: saddles on soft tissue, barely touches soft tissue, doesn't touch soft tissue, blanches soft tissue 1513)Condensing ostitis :non vital 1514)Elastic- polyether Most stable in moisture- pvs 1515)Axial walls for cast gold from gingival to pulpal-converge Axial walls converge pulpally but diverge from gingival to occlusal direction

Note: diverge gingivally/occlusally converge pulpally 1516) What is the most important in osseous defect grafting? Take out all granulation tissue, you can leave some granulation tissue, hydration with sterile saline 1517)always do srp before ext 1518)If loss of 1 primary molars bilaterallly which space maintainer in maxilla and in mandible?depends on ant. Max -nance Mand-lha(Lingual holding arch) If not anteriors then band and loop 1519)band and loop for unilateral loss not for bilateral Lingual arch for primary 2 molars lost bilaterally 1520)A patient with firm skin lesions and introral lesions and also skin pigmentation on the body, no other findings? 1.McCune Albright, 2.peutz Jeffers, 3.neurofibromatosis, 4.garners 1521)The purpose of scaling is to remove acquired deposits on the teeth.true Scaling can be performed on both enamel and root surfaces. False...it isnt meant for enamel 1522)Pontics

1523)center of resistance for translation tipping nd torque translation at infinity tipping apical to centre of rotation or below the mid root torque - centre of rotation equal to resistance mostly in the middle 3 rd 1524)benign migratory glossitis: Atrophy of filiform or hypertrophy of filiform 1525)Maintenance phase-plaque Prognosis-AL and mobility Success of tx-bop 1526)cherry blossom appearance which syndrome?scarlet fever 1527)Uncontroled diabetes: Inhibit osteoblast activity or Increase osteoclast activity 1528)Which of the following is a interference during working movements for a posterior complete crown restoration? A- The lingual inclines of mandibular teeth contact the buccal inclines of maxillary teeth B- The lingual inclines of mandibular teeth contact the lingual inclines of maxillary teeth C- The buccal inclines of mandibular teeth contact the buccal inclines of maxillary teeth D- The buccal inclines of mandibular teeth contact the lingual inclines of maxillary teeth 1529)Horizontal 5 planes...verticle 3 planes 1530)wear facets on lingual incline of max lingual cusp and facial inclines of mandibular facial cusp on left side? protusive interference left working interference right non working interference 1531)Vancomycin cannot be given in pregnancy?it can cause red man syndrome.

1532)Amalgam filling with blue surroundings,what is it?corrosive products 1533)Pt with pitted composite filling,what to do? 1. Replace 1mm or 2.replace whole filling 1534)Early squamous cell carcinoma of oral cavity present as:a. Vesicle,b. Sessile mass. c. An ulcer., d. Red plaque., e. A white cauliflower like lesion 1535)What prevents lingual displacement 3/4 crown? Interprox facial Interprox lingual Lingual wall 1536) Clinical finding that is manifested in Pediatric HIV pts unlike that in adults is: a. splenomegaly b. chronic diarrhea c. salivari gland swelling d. pneumocytis carinii pneumonia e. recurrent and severe bacterial infections 1537)Early loss of both canines lead to Loss of bite Class 3 malocclusion Bilateral posterior crossbite Migration 1538)All are negative sequele to extraction of mesiodens other than Necrosis of 7 Necrosis of 8 Necrosis of 6 Non eruption of 7 Non eruption of 8 1539)In mandibular lateral translator movement established for rpd, what will affect lateral translation of “occlusal waxing”(exact phrase) Protrusive movement Retrusive movement Hinge movement lateral movement 1540)Preload of implant is comparable to what force:torque 1541)Sturge-weber syndrome.:port wine stain along the maxillary nerve supplied region 1542)Test for HIV?ELISA, then followed by Western blot for confirmation.CD 4 count is used for staging.

1543)Each of the following is an appropriate feature present in necrotizing sialometaplasia EXCEPT: a. most likely cause of necrotizing sialometaplasia local ischemia b. higher incidence of occurrence is seen in women than men c. it is never reported in children d. it is essentially self-limiting and heals by secondary intention e. often erroneously diagnosed as Mucoepidermoid carcinoma distance from anterior loop and implant?2mm 1544)Mandibular nerve foramen - Ovale 1545)Flap success depends on - blood supply 1546)Surgery on palate injury to which artery - greater palatine 1547) Mesenchymal cells can differentiate into all except - enamel. Enamel is ectodermal in origin 1548)primary hyperparthyroidism is due to tumor of parathyroid secondary due to hypocalcemia as in case of renal diz 1549)Secondary trauma from occlusion - already damaged pdl and bone 1550) Cause of secondary trauma:perio.problems. 1551) hyperparathyroidism- renal failure, hypercalciemia 1552)Trisomy 21 what do u have? Down 1553)Gardner and Peutz what’s in common? Polyps 1554)Best luting cement for retention? From best to least: Gic - Zn polycar. - Zinc phosphate - Zoe 1555) Gold onlay u do gingival bevel for all - T 1556)Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus when u do implant u are afraid from all except-? Afraid infection and delayed healing, implant failure 1557)Graceys currets: Blade angle 60-70 degrees Gracey 1-2 anterior Garcey 3-4 anterior Gracey 5-6 ant and premolars Gracey 7-8 post teeth facial and lingual Gracey 9-10 post teeth facial and lingual Gracey 11-12 Post teeth mesial Gracey 13-14 post teeth distal 1558)First thing to check when trying in metal-porcelain FPD? Delivery-internal Cementation-proximal contacts

1559)2 1/2 years children are non compliant with dentists bcoz : A. Internal control is underdeveloped B. Language is developing C. Parental proven or something D. Parental seperation (maternal anxiety separation) 1560)poly acrylic acid is in GIC and zinc poycarboxylate 1561)propionic acid in zoe 1562)An advantage of metal-ceramic crowns, compared with full ceramic crowns for restoring anterior teeth is:A. Palatal reduction may be of minimal thickness(because PFM palatal middle reduction 0.75-1mm; gingival 0.65 All ceramic palatal middle - 1mm; palatal gingival - 1mm) B. Overall conservative for tooth structure,C. Ability to watch the appearance of adjacent natural teeth, D. Less laboratory time 1563)which of the following is correct about luting agent A. Glass ionomer is less translucent than polyphosphate B. Solubility of polycarboxylate is independent of water power ratio change 1564)AOC least OKC most 1565)HMO and PPo is a closed type of model 1566)mandibular canal is lingual to 2nd mandibular premolar. xray tube head moved inferiorly, where does canal appear to move?coronol, apical ,distal, mesial, 1567)While the dentist is preparing a large carious lesion in Tooth #30 for a restoration, a pulp exposure occurs. The patient angrily shouts at the dentist, "Your incompetent 'creep'- -you're responsible for this problem!"- Of the following possible responses the dentist could make, which one is the most emphatic? A. Calm down, I can still restore your tooth adequately. B. Not when I'm preparing a tooth with caries like you had. C. I can see that you're very upset. You thought the tooth could be restored and now this problem has occurred. D. If you took care of your mouth the way you should, I wouldn't have been close to the pulp. E. I'm sorry this happened, but we must get on with the procedure. 1568)bird like face collin or pierre 1569)tooth intruded.tx plan Passive < 3mm Active 3-6mm Ortho > 6mm 1570)so example 5mm intruded perm. Tooth . what to do for tx.? Reposition 2-3 weeks no response then follow up surgery ortho

1571)Case of 3 years female For primary upper central the success of the treatment, in the diagnosis and treatment planning, expert's advice is very important. In situations of injuries and/or traumas including intrusive luxations, there are things to do in order. If the apex is displaced toward or through the labial bone plate, the tooth should be considered to be left in place for spontaneous repositioning and re-eruption. When the crown is completely intruded, the tooth rarely re-erupts and may become necrotic, indicating the need for extraction.[14,15,16] Also, if the apex is displaced through the tooth germ, tooth extraction is suggested to avoid possible damage to the permanent successor. Ankylosis should be suspected if visual signs of re-eruption are not present after 1–2 months, so extraction should be considered 1572)5mm in a child is almost the whole crown So what if part of crown still visible we leave it .And if nothing visible we ext 1573)Pt. has dark permanent lateral incisor. What is the cause?necrosis 1574)view sialolith?translumination 1575)bluish lesion on lateral border of tongue ? Hemangioma 1576)bluish lesion near frenum ? varices 1577)contraindications of implants: acute illness, terminal illness, pregnant, uncontrolled metabolic disease, unrealistic pt expectation, improper pt. Motivation, lack of operator exp., inability to restore with prosthesis 1578)most Flap used in perio surgery:MWF, APF, undisplaced flap 1579)implants placed 3mm apart from each other 1580)Implant placed 1mm away from an adjacent tooth. 1581)adequate healing time before impression making is 2 weeks in non-critical esthetic areas and 3-5weeks in esthetic areas. 1582)patient with xerostomia which denture base is better and why ? Metallic 1583)1. You work at a HMO office and the patient has used up all his yearly benefits, what can you do? a. still accept the same fee under the HMO✅ b. Charge your regular fee like you would for cash pt 1584)most common model for HMO a staff model b network model C. closed model✅ 1585) Network model is used: IPA HMO PPO✅ 1566) the Capitation fee system is applied for : 1) D-HMO ✅ 2) D-PPO 3) D-IPA 4) All of them 5) None of them

1567) Dental office matches benefits of other offices but patient can choose dentist A PPO✅ B HMO C OPEN PANEL D CLOSED PANEL 1568). On a prepayment basis, dental patients recieve care at specified facilities from a limited number of dentists. This practice plan is 1. closed planel ✅ 2. open panel 3. HMO 4. ppo 5. Group practice 1569)How does the insurance make money : 1-pay per case 2-Barter 3. HMO ✅ 1570) for HMO all true except 1 primary health care is physician 2 primary health care is provider 3 need referral 4 patient visit outside doctor which will not in your network and will not covered by insurance 5 no need of referral ✅ 1571)An Elder man over 55 years old, did not care for his teeth for a long time, his oral hygiene is horrible. His Chief complaint: *pain on upper left back teeth*, he is *Depressed* . he is taking: *Ritalin*, *Acetaminophen for pain*, and *Bupripion* He has *Completely Recovered from DRUG and Alcohol abuse 18 months ago. He is recovered from drug abuse completely. you can prescribe Hydrocodone/Acetaminophen for his pain? -Both True✅ - One True - One False 1572)The primary etiologic factor associated with periodontal attachment loss in a furcation is the presence of A- Occlusal trauma B- Accessory root canals C- Oral biofilm✅ D- Cervical enamel projections 1573)Bird face- Pierre robin synd.(due to mand. micrognathia) 1574)Denture support - refers to- resistance to VERTICAL seating forces Denture Stability- refers to- resist disloadgement of a denture in the horizontal direction Denture Retention- ability of denture to withstand disloadging forces exerted in the vertical plane. 1575)In class 2 cavity pedo patient amalgam or stainless steel criwn? 1576)how do u check acute and chronic sinusitis on pano?acute is thickening of sinus wall with slight opacity nd chronic is distended wll with thin edge lining. 1577)ailure of denture is commonly due to: a. Increased occlusal plane b. Decreased vertical dimension c. Insufficient denture bearing area d. Wrong freeway space

1578)Bone loss in 1 year of implant 0.2mm. 1579)1mm crestal bone remains around implant after 1 year. Why??? A Inflammation, B heavy occlusal load 1580) Bone loss post implant after first year? A 0.2 mm B 0.02mm 1581). Implant retained fixed prosthesis, doctor took radiograph and it showed 2 out of 3 implants seat positively with good margin. What should doctor do after? A section and index B tighten screw C take another x-ray 1582)The biting load of denture base to tissues compared to teeth is: a. Ten times more b. Ten times less(to be specific only 1/6th) c. Equal 1583)Advantage of oxide layer formation around metal framework in a prosthesis?Better bonding surface 1584)AI- Thin layer of enamel

Distance btw teeth.Trx just cosmetic Types Hypocalcemia-chalky white Hypoplasia-more yellow

1585)DI 1,2 short roots , bulbous crowns , tulip appearance , pulp chambers oblitarated. Type 3 wide pulp chamber , multiple pulp exposure 1586)Ai is ectodermal and di mesodermal 1587)immediate denture and has undercut and tuberosity what do you do?? remove tuberosity , remove undercut, both 1588)X ray for symphisis fracture? Postero Anterior And oclussal 1589)after reiplantation often shows external root resorption and ankyloss 1590)Antibiotic contraindicated with alcohol ?Metronidazole, trimethoprim and tinidazole 1591)chalky white appearence on tooth can be? AI or Flourosis(Cus with fluoride it’s hypocalcification) 1592)Pt complain. Rpd feels lose from a new bilateral distal extension why?? Occ, Indirect retainer, Thin flang bass, Passive retainer 1593)Main reason of breaking rod clasp??? High module of elastisity or Hardening

1594)during closure of mandible, least imp muscle=suprahyoid(cuz they are inportant in chewing, mastication and talking) 1595)in leukemia ...in children most common= ALL 1596)in adults=AML 1597)overal most commonl=CLL= least malignant 1598) c4 for hyoid 1599)T test 2 groups Chi square more than 2 groups 1600)Infection from mand molars- submaxillary(submand space)? Infection after Ian anesthesia pterygomandibular soace 1601)

1602)temporalis=close jaw and retrude 1603)masseter=side to side and close 1604)lat.pterygoid=open mouth and side to side 1605)med.pterygoid=close+protrude+side to side 1606)all muscles of mast. Protrude mand. Except:temporalis

1607)All muscles of mastication elevate mand. Exp: lat.pterygoid 1608)All muscles of mastications are supplied by ant division of mandi. Nerve except:med.pterygoid

1609) 1610)Mesenchymal cells can differentiate into except: Bone, cartilage, mucosal tissue, skeletal muscle cells 1611)cause of secondary hyperparathyroidism-hypercalcemia as in renal diseases/Vitd def ????1612)difference between primary and secondary trauma from occlusion?

1613)Gardner and peutz jegher what’s in common:polyposis/intestinal polyps 1614)trisomy 21: macroglossia 1615)best luting for retention-GIC 1616)gold onlay u do gingival bevel for all except?Gingival beveling done to aid in finishing and to remove enamel rods and also to minimize marginal opening 1617)Menarche for:Skeletal maturation, Dental maturation, Cognitive maturation, Emotional maturation 1618)management of alveolar oseitis:dry socket:Alveolar osteitis is not an infection; an antibiotic therapy will not improve the condition.

1. Control the pain with a dressing material (e.g., Alvogyl™ paste, DRESSOL-X™). ○ Irrigate the site with chlorhexidine or saline. ○ Pack the extraction site enough to cover the exposed surgical site with a

resorbable or nonresorbable dressing. ○ Instruct the patient to maintain good oral hygiene. ○ If the dressing is nonresorbable, remove it after 2-3 days. ○ If the pain persists, consider repacking the area. ○ Advise the patient to refrain from smoking for at least 6 weeks after the

extraction; smoking delays healing and restricts blood supply to the extraction site.

2. Use postoperative analgesics such as NSAIDs (e.g., ibuprofen) or a mixture of narcotic with acetaminophen and codeine (e.g., Tylenol® 3) in case of severe pain.

○ Ibuprofen: for a 70 kg person, 400 mg q.i.d. or q. 4 h. 3. If the pain persists beyond 72 h., take radiographs to rule out the existence of a

foreign body at the extraction site, bone destruction, or other possible etiologies.

1619)chronic periodontitis primarily linked to:black males 1620)Patient allergic to ibuprophin what to give?acetaminophen 1621) Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus when u do implant u r afraid from all except? 1622)young girl with a broken tooth and lip laceration : how to adjust time exposure for an xray to find the tooth fragment in the lip: A. decrease time 25%, B. Increase contrast, C. Decrease xray/and Kvp by 25%: Ans Dec kvp by 25 1623)Mandibular nerve foramen 1624)Flap success depends on 1625)test for means of dmft in boys and girls 1)t test 2) chi square 3) annova

1626)Mandibular tooth/size arch discrepancy, which teeth would you “block out”?2pm note:which tooth pops out of the arch in crowding would be mandibular 2 pm and maxillary canine 1627)What Initiate polymerization of resin ?? photoinitiator 1628)Beclomethasone (Beconase AQ) is used for bronchial asthma because it A- Has a short duration of action B- Stimulates beta adrenergic receptors in the lung C- Produces little adrenal suppression when administered by inhalation D- Is only effective orally E- Is less potent than cortisol 1629)Two cavities class 3: Prepare large, fill small 1630)Diabetes in children can lead to ?retinopathy-neuropathy-nephropathy 1631)Bacteria in Acute Osteomyelitis : 1- Streptococcus & Staphylococcus 2- Streptococcus & Actinomycetes 3- Streptococcus & Bacteroids 1632)Garr’s Osteomyelitis is 1- Acute Osteomyelitis 2- Chronic Osteomyelitis 3- periosteal inflammation reaction 4- 1&3 5- 2&3 1633)Deff of rapport?? Mutual openness,Harmonious relationship.Mutual sense of trust and openness 1634)koplik spot is found in pt with: 1- Rubella 2- enterovirus 3- Paramixovirus 1635)condyloma acuminatum: hpv 6 and 11 Focal epithelial hyperplasia(heck’s disease) hpv 13 and 32 Froliferative verrucous leukoplakia hpv 16 and 18 Verrucous carcinoma hpv 16 and 18 Oropharyngeal SCC hpv 16 and 18 1636)Maximum allowed fluoride in the water by EPA (Environmental protection agency)? 4.0 mg/liter (4 ppm) 1637)what age speech develops fully?6yrs

1638)Veneer fractures, what do you do? Pumice, etch, microetch, etch, microabrasion, silane 1639)Advantage of a direct composite vs. a veneer? --direct composit-only 1 appointment vs. veneer is at least 2 1640)Veneer dimentions for prep. incisally =0.7 middle=0.5 gingival= 0.3 1641)Where does the epithelial for a graft come from ?recepient connective tissue

Recipient epi +remnant basal cell of donor 1642)where will you place the margins in a anterior PFM prep: Subgingivally 1643)For xrays

Lips on crowns Nose on roots

1644)To avoid the black triangle condition . The crown (prosthesis) of the implant should have broad contact so that the black triangle ( due to loss of papillae) is minimized 1645)When do you do serial extraction? a. for space deficiency in mandibular anterior region b. for space deficieny in mandibular posterior region c. for space deficiency in maxillary anterior region d. for space deficiency in maxillary posterior region 1646)Disadvantage of full thickness mucoperiosteal flap A delayed secondary healing B scar tissue formation (flap are primary not secondary healing ) C interdental papillae integrity 1648)Disable pt should treat bye Flatterness Permissible Consistent 1649)development disable consistency 1650)mentally disable is permissive 1651)Common feature between porcelain veneer and all-ceramic crown preparation – rounded internal 1652)most important for retention? surface area , surface texture, axial taper retentive groove 1653)Most lab complain? tooth is under reduced

1654)Which of the following condition associated with hypodontoa? A.ectodermal dysplasia B.cleidocranial dysplasia C.apert syndrome D.gardner syndrome 1655)Porosity in PFM – inadequate condensation 1656)What is the weakest porcelain?feldsapathic

strongest ? zirconia 1657)What is function of opaque porcelain EXCEPT

mask metal framework to help come up with a base/stump shade for initial bond to metal to decrease contamination of additional porcelain with metal in ensuing firing and baking procedures

1658)When you receive a crown back and want to seat it what is the first thing you check for? a. Esthetics b. Proximal contacts c Margins 1659)Most technique sensitive part of placing veneers? Preparation, color match, impressing 1660)Pt had veneers cemented with light cured resin. Now comes back few weeks later with brown staining at gingival margins. Why?microleakage....chromogenic bact. 1661)mentaly disable approach by dentist?strict, freedom/permissive 1662)minimum incisal reduction in anterior PFM : 2 mm 1663)lip swelling with impressions=angioedema=C1 esterase inhibitor 1664)Amalgam: working 2.5-3.0. NW 2.0 cast gold: working 1.5 NW 1.0 metal/ceramic working 2.0 NW 1.5 1665)porcelain is the same 2.0 funtional, 1-1.5 NW as ceramic 1666)Requirements for a good ferrule effects ? 1.5 to 2 mm of buccal and lingual subgingival tooth 1 mm of tooth thickness after adequate preparation 4mm of suprabony tooth structure 1667)Reason for functional cusp bevel = resistance 1666)#10 crown on a patient is PFM. It looks longer than #7. All of the following maybe the reason why the crown looks like this, except? – Incorrect shade. (Other choices; insufficient tooth prep (yes), too think metal (yes), too thick porcelain (yes) – all of these could have caused it) 1668)least bubbles=silicone

1669)What could the reason be if you see opaque porcelain in the incisal third of the facial of the PFM crown: inadequate reduction of the inciso facial part of the tooth 1670)how to make a crown look narrower? bring line angles closer and deepen embrassures. 1671)most rigid and stiff material = Polyether 1672)best for tear strength=polysulfide 1673)most stable with best dimensional and affected by latex=PVS 1674)least water distorted=condensed silicone 1675)hard to takeout because engages undercuts and sticks to teeth=polyether 1676)criticle ph 5.5 1677)fl localises best in outer enamel best at interproximal 1678)flouride 6mon.-3yrs 0.25mg 3yrs -6 yrs 0.5mg 7yrs - 16yrs 1mg 1679)Edentulous space is wider than adjacent anterior tooth, how to match them? a- Make pontic line angles farther apart and deeper interproximal embrasures, b- make pontic line angles closer and deeper interproximal embrasures, c- make pontic line angles farther and shallower interproximal embrasure d-, make pontic line angles closer and shallow interproximal embrasure 1680)fissured tongue=Melkersson Rosenthal syndrome 1681)angioma= Sturge Weber syndrome 1682)heart shaped RL in nasopal.canal= Nasopalatine duct cyst 1683)stafne bone defect= RL post mand. Below the mand. Canal 1684)reverse smoking ass. With Nicotine stomatitis 1685)melanotic macule ass. With Peutz-jeghers synd. 1686)Vericella zoster virus ass. With ramsey hunts synd. 1687)hand foot and moth disease=cox sackie virus 1688)Koplik spots=rubeola(measles) 1689)oral hairy leukoplakia ass. With EBV virus 1690)oral hairy leukoplakia seen with HIV pts and Burkitts lymphoma 1691)hutchinson triad=congenital syphilis 1692)sulfa granules seen in actinomycosis 1693)strawberry tongue= scarlet fever 1694)behcets synd. Ass. with aphthous ulcer 1695)erythema multiforme ass. With steven-johnsons synd. 1696)strawberry gingivitis ass. In wegeners granulomatosis

1697)wickham striae in Lichen planus 1697)butterfly rash over bridge of nose=lupus erythmatosus 1698)Monalisa face = scleroderma 1699)plummer vinsons synd. Ass. with SCC 1700)excisional biopsy-Wound smaller than 1 mm 1701)libman sachs endocarditis (valves with warts) ass. lupus 1702)first danger sign of cavernous sinus = blurred vision, headache 1703)ludwiga angina is commonly ass. With mand.M2 infection(submand.) 1704)ian track infection- pterymandibular space 1705)In condylar HYPERplasia, deviation during protrusion will be to:Opposite side 1706)Last step in the insertion of PFM crown A glazing of porcelain B polishing of metal C contouring D staining of porcelain 1707)when do most puncture occur? clean up or re capping 1708)Occlusogingival bending or bridge deflection is related a. Indirectly to the square of height of Pontic b. directly to cube of Pontic span c. directly to cube of Pontic height 1709)On which receptor epinephrine works :Alpha1, alpha 2, beta 1 , beta 2. Note:it works on all but mostly alpha 1 . The types of sympathetic or adrenergic receptors are alpha, beta 1 and beta 2. Alpha-receptors are located on the arteries. When the alpha receptor is stimulated by epinephrine or norepinephrine, the arteries constrict. This increases the blood pressure and the blood flow returning to the heart. 1710)when do most injury precutanous cut happen ?? recapping NOTE:for puncture. cleaning for percutaneuse recapping 1711)most common benign neoplsm of epithelial tissue=papilloma Most common benign sal.gland tumor=pleomorphic adenoma Most common epithelial odontogenic tumor= ameloblastoma Most common non odontogenic cyst=nasopalatine duct cyst Most common primary malignant tumor of young= osteosarcoma 1712)chronic myelogenous leukemia (cml)=philadelphia chromosome 1713)multiple odontomas in gardners synd 1714)Most common complication of la arise from:A drug to drug, B vasoconstrictor C la drug, D stress

1715)basal cell nevus ass. With gorlins syn. 1716)Most sensitive area during tooth preparation is DEJ 1717)minimum platelets needed for oral surgery=50,000 1718) What cement is preferred for veneer cementation: • GIC • RMGIC • Dual cure • Light cured 1719)Early loss of both canines lead to:Loss of bite,Class 3 malocclusion,Bilateral posterior crossbite, Migration 1720)ghost cell seen in CEOC/CEOT 1721)Antithyroid medications may cause which of the following • Wegener's Granulomatosis • Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis • Agranulocytosis 1722)Classical conditining. The neutral stimulus elicits a conditioned response= pavlov experiment 1723)1.nitrous oxide works on A. reticular activating system B. limbic system C. both 1724)2. maximum limitation is A. 60% nitrous oxide and 40% oxygen B. 70% nitrous oxide and 30% oxygen 1725)Epulis fissuartum differential diagnosis:Pyogenic granuloma, peripheral giant cell granuloma 1726)brachycephaly is seen in which syndrome:Flat head syndrome 1727)6. Gingivectomy cant be done in: Lack of attached gingiva Recession Mucogingival defect Distal to mandibular m2 Lingual to mandibular pm1 1728) Flap success depends on:Recepient blood supply 1729) facebow transfers which relations:centric occlusion with centric relation, centric occlusion only,centric relation only

1730)MOST POTENT BRONCHODILATOR: Isoproterenol or albuterol? Isoproterenol: β1,2 agonist (a synthetic catecholamine) and Albuterol. Its selective beta 2 agonist 1731)15. Sedative rebound is caused by amytryptilline olanzapine citalopram-Sedative rebound is insomnia. so I’d go with Citalopram (SSRI) insomnia is one of the general side effect. If you have BDZ group you can choose that as well. 1732)Which of the following premolars is most likely to have three canals? A- Maxillary first B- Maxillary second C- Mandibular first D- Mandibular second 1733)One advantage of using a fiber-reinforced post for restoring an endodontically treated tooth is that it A- Has a modulus of elasticity similar to stainless steel B- Has a modulus of elasticity similar to dentin C- Is highly radiopaque and easy to visualize on a radiograph D- Is stronger and more resistant to fracture than a cast metal post 1734)A patient with Stage I medication related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) with exposed bone in the maxilla is best treated with A- Radiation therapy B- Hyperbaric oxygen C- Debridement of the area D- Chlorhexidine rinses 1735) If a particular test is to correctly identify 95 out of 100 existing disease cases, then that test would have a A- Specificity of 95% B- Sensitivity of 95% C- Positive predictive value of 95% D- Validity of 95% 1736)9. What percent of hydrogen peroxide should be used for debriding and intraoral wound?A- 3 percent, B- 10 percent ,C- 20 percent, D- 37 percent 1737) Disadvantages of oral sedation include which of the following? A- Multiple drugs needed for proper sedation B- High incidence and severity of adverse reactions C- Unpredictable absorption of drugs from the GI tract D- Short duration of action

1738) Auxiliary resistance from features in fixed dental prostheses such as boxes and grooves should ideally be located?A- Facially,B- Lingually,C- Occlusally,D- Proximally 1739)Which of the following factors does NOT impact the development of xerostomia in an aging population?A- Chronological age,B- Medications,C- Radiation therapy to the head and neck,D- Systemic disease 1740)Informed consent reflects which of the following ethical principles?Autonomy 1741)The water supply of a community has 0.28 ppm fluoride. Which of the following procedures is appropiate for a 4-year-old child exhibiting moderate caries risk? A- Prescribing a fluoride mouthrinse B- Prescribing a systemic fluoride supplement C- Applying fluoride topically at each visit D- Additional fluoride is unnecessary 1742)Phenytoin is most often recommended for controlling which of the following seizures?A- Status epilepticus, B- Tonic-clonic (grand mal),C- Absence epilepsy (petit mal), D- Myoclonic seizure in childhood 1743)Which of the following is a interference during working movements for a posterior completecrown restoration? A- The lingual inclines of mandibular teeth contact the buccal inclines of maxillary teeth B- The lingual inclines of mandibular teeth contact the lingual inclines of maxillary teeth C- The buccal inclines of mandibular teeth contact the buccal inclines of maxillary teeth D- The buccal inclines of mandibular teeth contact the lingual inclines of maxillary teeth (buccal inclines of lingual cusps of mand, and lingual inclines of buccal cusps of maxillary#working=BULL) 1744)Which of the following will allow transillumination of the light throughout the crown? A- Crack extending into denting B- Crown-to-root fracture C- Craze line D- Split tooth 1745) Plaque microorganisms produce extra-cellular substances that separate one bacterial cell from another and that form a matrix for further plaque accumulation. This “matrix” is made up of dextrans and- Levans 1746) What is the most common side effect when administering nitrous oxide and oxygen?Nausea 1747)Which of the following is the most reliable method for determining the pulp responsiveness of a tooth with a full coverage crown? Thermal test 1748)Orthostatic hypotension by alpha 1 blockers

1749)Vasodilators hydralazine and diazoxide 1750)Anti Parkinson levodopa 1751)Centrally acting methyldopa clonidine 1752)neuralgias associated with its cranial nerve? A- Tic douloureux – 5 B- Bell palsy – 7 C- Auriculotemporal syndrome – 8 D- Eagle syndrome – 11 1753)Which of the following most closely resembles normal parotid gland histologically? A- Pleomorphic adenoma B- Monomorphic adenoma C- Acinic cell carcinoma D- Adenoid cystic carcinoma 1754)The most dominant emotional factor in management of 4-to-6-year-old children is fear of A- Pain B- The unknown C- The dentist D- Being separated from parents 1755)Which of the following is an indication for removal of a maxillary torus to fabrication of a maxillary denture? A- Inadequate inter-arch space exists B- Tissue covering torus is thin C- It interferes with posterior palatal seal D- Denture is to be placed immediately 1756) A new patient presents with severe chronic periodontitis and has a history of two heart attacks. The patient is not sure when the heart attacks occurred or the severity. The dentist’s next step in treatment should be to A- Complete gross scaling to decrease the bacterial load B- Have the patient rinse with chlorhexidine gluconate (Peridex) C- Request a consult from the patient’s physician prior to any treatment D- Confine the treatment to simple restorative procedures 1757)Which hematologic disorder represents a malignancy of plasma cell origin? A- Burkitt lymphoma B- Hemophilia C- Thalassemia D- Multiple myeloma

1758)Which of the following might precipitate an asthma attack? A- Narcotic analgesics B- Nonsteroidal antiinflamatory drugs C- Corticosteroids D- Sympathomimetic amines 1759)Which of the following represents the best way to increase a patient’s pain tolerance? A- Stress that pain does not signify damage B- Tell the patient that the procedure will be completed soon C- Tell the patient that he/she should be able to tolerate the pain D- Increase the patient’s sense of control over the nature of the pain 1760)Which of the following explains why the fovea palatini are not used as landmarks for determining the precise posterior border of maxillary denture base? A- They have no relation to the vibrating line area B- They are inconsistent in their relationship to the vibrating line C- They are opening of mucous glands that should not be covered y the denture border D- They are located on the horizontal hard palate 1761)Which of the following statements is true about setting expansion of plaster, stone, and improved stone (Type IV)? A- The setting expansion of improved stone is the highest B- Increasing the spatulation decreases expansion C- Increasing the water/power ratio decreases the setting expansion D- Adding water to surface during setting decreases expansion 1762)A new diagnostic test is evaluated against an independent “gold” standard” in 100 subjects with the following results:True positive = 48, True negative = 8, False positive = 12, False negative= 32. What is the negative predictive value of this new diagnostic test? A- 20 percent- TN/TN+FN *100% = 8/8+32*100% = 20% B- 40 percent C- 60 percent D- 80 percent 1763)55. At 90 kVp and 15mA at a 8 PID distance of inches, the exposure time for a film is 0.5 seconds. In the same situation, which of the following should represent the exposure time at 16 inches? A- 0.25 seconds,B- 1.0 second,C- 2.0 seconds,D- 4.0 seconds 1764) Countersinking in implants,= flaring in coronal part

1765)What is “overt” caries?Developing a cavity 1766) Distance between implant and fpd-1.5 mm Cement retained ant crown: 9 _ 10 mm

Cement retained post crown 7 - 8 mm Screw retained crown 5-6 mm implant supported over denture 12mm

1767) U put the occlusal rim and Patient moves mandible laterally, u record this movement and transfer to an articulator that has only limited range of motion, how this movement be translate on the articulator? hinge 1768)The strength of a soldered connector is best increased by A- Using a higher carat solder B- Electroplating the joint with gold prevent corrosion C- Increasing its dimension in a direction parallel to the applied force D- Increasing its dimension in a direction perpendicular to the line applied force E- Increasing the with of the joint by having a space of at least 0.5 inch between the parts to be soldered 1769)radiosensitive cells:reproductive cells, lymphocytes,bonemarrow 1770)radioresistant cells:muscles,nerve,mature bone. 1771)most xray units use a 16inch tube 1772)16in tube requires more exposure time than a 8in tube.

1773)OPG, Pan images have a inherent 25% magnification 1774) intensity and distance relation

1775)sterilizer comes under whose juridiction:FDA 1776)COMBINATION SYNDROME:

1777)Which of the following represents a common side effect of the alkylating-type anticancer drugs such as mechlorethamine (Mustargen)?A- Ototoxicity, B- Nephrotoxicity, C- Bone marrow depression, D- Accumulation of uric acid 1778)Which of the following is most likely the major consideration prior to performing a gingivectomy?A- Amount of attachment loss, B- Measurement probe depth, C- Level of the alveolar crest, D- Width of the attached gingiva 1779)Regeneration of the periodontal attachment apparatus include A- Cementum, bone, and periodontal ligament B- Dentin, cementum, and periodontal ligament C- Cementum, junctional epitelium, and bone D- Junctional epithelium, gingival fibers, and periodontal ligament 1780)Which of the following substances is contraindicated for a patient taking ginseng? A- Penicillin, B- Digitalis, C- Aspirin, D- Alcohol

1781)The pathogenic microorganisms of chronic periodontitis includes each of the following EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? A- Porphyromonas gingivalis B- Prevotella intermedia C- Tannerella forsythensis D- Actinomyces viscosus 1782)Compared with high noble alloys for metal-ceramic restorations, base metal alloys are best used for which of the following? A- Optimum esthetics B- Single crowns C- Long-span bridges D- Patients with allergies to metals 1783)In attempting to correct a single tooth anterior crossbite with a removable appliance, Which of the following is the most important for the dentist to consider? A- Making periodic adjustments, B- Incorporating maximum retention, C- Patient’s overbite, D- Making sure there is adequate space 1784)Patients with low health literacy are A- Less likely to ask questions during their dental visits B- More likely to fail to show for dental appointments C- Likely to look over written materials and say they don’t understand D- High school graduates 1785)The mother of an 8-year-old patient insists on staying in the room during treatment. In the past, she seemed to be very overprotective of her child with her body language and comments. Which were disruptive to treatment. How could the dentist best address this patient’s mother? A- “You seem really concerned, perhaps you need to be talking with someone about this” B- I know you care, however you are causing your child to be more upset, no less” C- “I’m sorry, but I need you to stay in the waiting room so we can get his work done” D- “I know you are concerned. Please stay in the room, and try to be as positive and quiet as possible” 1786)Which of the following is NOT true regarding paraphrasing? A- Paraphrasing is restating the patient’s views in one’s own words B- Paraphrasing is agreeing with and accepting the other person’s position C- The secret to good paraphrasing is voicing patient values D- Paraphrasing is attempt to understand and acknowledge another’s perspective

1787)Subgingival margin of crown is indicated when A- Surrounding soft tissue is thick bio-type B- Porcelain laminate veneer is planned C- An all-ceramic crown is planned D- Cemental hypersensitive is suspected 1788)Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a modified Widman Flap procedure?A- Submarginal incision, B- Replaced flap, C- Inverse bevel incision D- Flap margin placement at the osseous crest 1789)Which of the following is the best choice to avoid the effect of metamerism? Select the shade that looks optimal under multiple light sources 1790)During clinical evaluation of a complete crown on a mandibular right first molar, a premature contact causes the mandible to deviate to the patient’s left. One would expect to see the interfering contact marked on which surfaces of the crown? A- Mesial marginal ridge B- Buccal inclines C- Mesial inclines D- Lingual inclines (of buccal cusp) 1791)Infections arising from the periapical region of the mandibular first premolars perforate through the lingual cortex to the A- Pterygomaxillary space B- Submental space C- Sublingual space D- Submandibular space 1792)maxillary complete denture extending too far bucally will interfere with?coronoid 1793)Which of the following represents the 3 essential factors for the initiation of the carious lesion? A- Bacteria, polysaccharides, and enamel B- Bacteria, suitable carbohydrate, and susceptible tooth C- Lactobacilli, easily fermentable carbohydrate, and susceptible tooth D- Lactobacilli, suitable substrate, and enamel 1794) Causality (cause and effect) may NOT be inferred from which of the following studies? A- Cross-sectional B- Cohort C- Case-control D- Clinical trial 1795)Pain referred to the ear derives most often from which teeth? Mandibular molars

1796)Which area of the mouth has the LEAST amount of keratinized tissue on the buccal aspect?A- Maxillary incisors, B- Maxillary premolars, C- Mandibular incisors D- Mandibular premolars 1797)Which teeth are the most susceptible to recurrence of periodontal disease after active periodontal treatment is completed? A- Maxillary premolars because of lateral occlusal forces B- Mandibular premolars because of non-working interferences C- Maxillary molars becauses of anatomy of their furcations D- Mandibular molars because of increased number of cervical enamel projections 1798)During a routing examination, the dentist sees a large radiolucency at the apex of the maxillary right first premolar. The tooth is not painful, does not respond to pulp testing, and has no evidence of a sinus tract. The most probable diagnosis is: Asymptomatic apical periodontitis 1799)A 32-year-old male patient reports a history of having been hospitalized for psychiatric evaluation, and is currently taking taking lithium carbonate on a daily basis. Which of the following diseases does this patient most likely have? A- Parkinsonism, B- Schizophrenia, C- Bipolar disorder, D- Psychotic depression E- Paranoia with delusions 1800) To achieve ideal overjet and overbite in an adult patient with a 16 mm pretreatment overjet, orthodontic treatment would most likely require A- Orthodontic tooth movement only B- Orthognatic surgical treatment only C- Combined orthodontic/surgical treatment D- Premolar extraction therapy only 1801) A patient has only the mandibular anterior teeth remaining. The treatment plan calls for a maxillary complete denture and mandibular removable partial denture. Which of the following is desirable in the occlusal scheme? A- Bilateral simultaneous contact of anterior and posterior teeth in centric relation position B- Canine guidance with posterior disclusion during excursive movements C- Bilateral balanced contact during excursive movements D- Unilateral group function during excursive movements 1802)Which of the following is the single most important factor affecting pulpal response to tooth preparation? A- Heat, B- Remaining dentin thickness, C- Desiccation, D- Invasion of bacteria 1803)Metastatic disease to the oral region is most likely to occur in Which of the following locations? Posterior mandible

1804)Glossitis and angular cheilitis are oral manifestations of what type of nutrient deficiency? Iron 1805)Distinctly blue color of the sclera is a feature of Which of the following conditions? Osteogenesis imperfecta 1806)A 16-year-old patient has a long history of mild pain in the area of the mandibular left first molar. Radiographs reveal deep caries in the tooth with an irregular radiopaque lesion apical to the mesial root. Which of the following represents the most likely diagnosis? Condensing osteitis 1807)Diagnostic radiology is based on which of the following interactions of X-radiation with matter? A- Thompson effect, B- Pair production, C- Photoelectric effect, D- Photonuclear disintegration 1808)Which of the following is related to reciprocal anchorage in orthodontic therapy? A- Tipping a tooth, B- Extraoral force, C- Equal and opposite forces, D- Bodily movement of a tooth 1809)105-A patient says, “I have been avoiding coming to see you because there is an ugly, red sor spot on the roof of my mouth”. Which of the following responses by the dentist best exemplifies a reflective response? A- “Has you diet changed lately” B- “You really shouldn’t worry about it” C- “Don’t be afraid, I’ll take a careful look” D- “You should have had something like that looked at right away” E- ‘It sounds as if you’re quite concerned about this condition” 1810)Diazepam-mediated effects include: Anterograde amnesia 1811)Although the results of a diagnosis test are NOT necessarily accurate, they are consistent. This test has high:A- Generalizability, B- Specificity, C- Reliability,D- Validity 1812)Plaque index is for part motivation Perio index is disease activity 1813)Hypotensive effect and itching from oxycodone is due, in part, to its: Release of histamine 1814)114- The prostaglandin analog misoprostol (Cytotec) is most commonly used in treating gastric ulcers associated with A- Chronic use of anti-inflamatory drug B- Chronic use of tobacco products C- Hypersecretory conditions such as Zollinger-Ellison syndrome D- Hyperactivity of the gastrin-secreting chief cells

1815)Abimaxillary protusion occurs when- Both dental arches are forward with respect to basal bone 1816)Which of the following is difficult to accomplish with extrinsic characterization of metal ceramic restorations?A- Increase chroma,B- Change hue,C- Decrease value,D- Increase value 1817)Removal of amalgam overhangs should be accomplished as part of initial therapy. Re-evaluation of the periodontal case should occur 4-6 weeks after the completion of the scaling and root planning procedures. 1818)The area that provides long-term maxillary denture support with minimal resorptive changes include the posterior residual ridges and which of the following? ans- Horizontal hard palate (primary) note: Rugae region (secondry) 1819)Which contributes most to a successful pulp capping procedure? An isolated field 1820)Which has the greatest impact on the success of a periodontal flap procedure?Level of postoperative plaque control 1821)For a prominent maxillary frenum accompanied by large midline diastema, treatment should be=Delayed until centrals, laterals and canines have erupted 1822)If the 4 maxillary incisors were to be replaced by partial removable denture prosthesis, which of the following would be desirable?Contact on the canines in lateral excursions 1823) Patient with class II division II; the lateral incisor is missing. You want to make a fixed bridge which of the following is suitable: Cantilever using central incisor 1824)132-Periodontal flaps are frequently extended into non-diseased areas for adequate access to the diseased sites. These non-diseased root surfaces are not instrumented. The flaps are returned to their previous level where the flap collagen fibers reunite with the Sharpey’s fibers in the cementum of the root surfaces. Which of the following types of healing is described? Reattachment 1825)describes the anomaly of tooth development that results in the union of the 2 teeth by dentin and cementum?- Fusion 1826)cause of transient unconsciousness in the dental office? The first one is sycope. the 2nd is orthostatic hypo 1827) By encircling an abutment tooth 180 degrees, a removable partial denture clasp assembly serves to A- Prevent tooth movement away from the clasp B- Increase the retention provided by the clasp C- Increase the support derived from the abutment tooth D- Decrease the applied occlusal torquing forces

1828)Which of the 2 designs in tooth preparation can be used with all-ceramic crowns? Ans: Butt-joint shoulder or chamfer 1829)The highest incidence of caries around Class II composite resin restorations occurs on which of the margins?gingival proximal 1830)When performing a pulpal evaluation, the dentist should ideally use which of the following as controls?Adjacent teeth and contralateral tooth 1831)Incisal table angulation and position is determined by: A. condylar guidance or B. anterior overjet and overbite

1832) In recurring necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis, which of the following is most associated with exacerbation? A- Occlusal trauma B- Stressful episodes C- Amount of suppuration present D- Increase in gram positive organisms 1833) The means by which dental patients are treated to eliminate the caries process is called

A- Antibiotic prophylaxis, B- Primary prevention, C- Secondary prevention D- Tertiary Prevention 1834)A wear facet is seen on the mesio-buccal incline of the mesiobuccal cusp of a mandibular first molar complete metal crown. This facet could have been formed during which jaw movements? Protrusive or working 1835)What is the most likely pulpal diagnosis for a primary molar with deep caries and a history of transient cold sensitivity with an intact periodontal ligament space on radiographic examination?- Reversible pulpitis 1836)In removing a torus palatinus, the practitioner inadvertently removed the midportion of the palatine process of the maxilla. One would expect to see:An opening into the nasal cavity 1837)Smooth surface lesions resulting from flexure of the tooth structure are known as which of the following?Abfraction 1838)Damage to biological systems from ionizing radiation is due primarily to which of the following? A- Trasmutation of a key atom B- A direct hit on a key atom or molecule C- Radiolysis of water molecules D- Excitation of macromolecules 1839)Which of the following clinical entities is most likely to be misdiagnosed as an endodontic lesion?- Lateral periodontal cyst 1840)Which of the following is the most likely cause of ankylosis of the TMJ? Traumatic injury 1841)Which action represents the most effective means of preventing caries on overdenture roots? A- Daily treatment with prescription fluoride gel B- Coverage of roots with cast copings C- Daily treatment with antimicrobial rinse D- Placement of amalgam restoration in root canal orifice ANS : B FIRST FROM DD IF NOT AVAILABLE THEN A 1842)Which type of enamel caries has a broad area of origin with a conical or pointed extension towards the DEJ? Smooth surface caries 1843)Cervical caries can be secondary to the effect of radiation on- Salivary gland 1844)implant=LOW SPEED HIGH TORQUE 1845)When the isthmus of a MOD cavity preparation is extended beyond 1/3 of the cusp-tip to cusp-distance, the restoration of choice is a: MOD onlay as RESISTANCE ISSUE

1846)The minimum required bony buccolingual ridge width in millimeters for placement of 4.0 mm root form implants is=6mm 1847)The maxillary and mandibular definitive casts have been articulated. The maxillary cast was mounted without a face-bow transfer. If the dentist were to increase the occlusal vertical dimension by 4 mm, it would be necessary to A- Open the articulator by 4 mm B- Change the condylar guide settings C- Obtain a new centric relation record D- Increase the rest vertical dimension 1848)An articulating paper mark on the lingual incline of the buccal cusp of the mandibular molar represents which type of interference? Non-working 1849)A dentist administered a survey to patients to determine their satisfaction with practice characteristics and services provided. The survey was administered to patients seen during 1 month. Which type of study design was used by the dentist? ans:Cross-sectional 1850)A protrusive jaw relation record is made in order to set the A- Horizontal condylar inclination of the articulator B- Anterior guide table of the articulator C- Lateral condylar guidance of the articulator D- Lateral translation of the articulator 1851)The gingival around teeth and the mucosa around implants have similar: Non-keratinized junctional epithelia 1852)Tetracycline cause discoloration of enamel or dentine or both?BOTH 1853)Which of the following conditions is most often characterized by a painful response that subsides quickly with stimulus= Reversible pulpitis 1854)The diagnosis of pulpal status is predicated upon assessing the amount or extent of= Inflammation 1855)with amalgam restorations: failure is due to moisture contamination , fracture is due to improper cavity design 1856)Q65: Which primary tooth, if lost prematurely, will most frequently result in space loss?Mandibular second molar 1857)Patient who has undergone kidney transplantation is at an increased risk of developing: brown tumors 1858)Gastric regurgitation causes which of the following in the teeth? Erosion 1859)A 52-year-old female presents with red, glossy, and swollen gingival. She has denuded and red areas on both buccal mucosae. The lesions have been present for

months and vary from time to time in severity. Which of the following represents the most probable diagnosis? Erosive lichen planus 1860) 1861)Prevalance = Percentage Incidence = Rate 1862)Hyperplastic palatal tissue (papillomatosis) is best treated by A- Chemical cauterization B- Radical excision C- Temporary cessation of denture use(if it says inflamatory then this is the ans) D- Supra-periosteal dissection or electrosurgery 1863)Which of the following represents the function of occlusal (night) guards? A- Reduce mobility B- Prevent bruxism C- Increase attachment level D- Redistribute forces on the teeth ANS:D it doesn’t prevent bruxism, it eliminates its effects on teeth by distributing forces 1864)Which of the following refers to a decreased occlusal vertical dimension? A- Vertical dimension that leaves the teeth in a clenched, closed relation in normal position B- Occluding vertical dimension that results in a excessive interocclusal clearance when the mandible is in rest position C- Insufficient amount of interarch distance because of the bony ridges D- Condition in which the patient cannot open mandible because of temporomandibular joint pathology 1865)The decision to reduce a cusp and restore it should be based primarily upon which principle?Resistance form 1866)Filtration is used in dental x-ray machines to remove A- Scatter radiation photons B- High energy electrons C- Long wavelength photons D- Low energy electrons 1867)Q78: In examining a maintenance patient, the dentist observes residual calculus, bleeding on probing, and probing depths less than 5 mm. The dentist should do which of the following?A- Scaling and root planing, B- Osseous surgery, C- Continued maintenance, D- Open flap debridement

ANS:D some suggested a , but it is a secondary visit , it means dentist failed to eliminate all the calculus at the first visit , maybe because improper access or visualization , so the suggested tt here to open flap for debridement 1868)Which of the following sealer components interferes with composite resin polymerization?eugenol 1869)Neuropraxia involves ?both perineurium and epineurium or only perineurium or only epineurium or none of the above Note: it is only temporary conduction loss all nerve layer intact 1870)If there is insufficient space between the maxillary tuberosity and the retromolar pad, then the dentist should A- Open the articulator to gain space B- Avoid covering the pad with the mandibular base C- Avoid covering the macillary tuberosity D- Surgically reduce the occlusal aspect of the tuberosity 1871)represents the purpose of periapical palpation?- To determine if the periapical inflammatory process has penetrated the cortical bone 1872)Two implants with 3 units screw retained bridge. You took an x-ray and you found there is no space at abutment-implant interface in one of two implants and in other one there is space, what is your next action: - Take another x-ray - Tighten the screw - Split the bridge and remove it 1873)The incisal guide table is designed to A- Allow selective grinding of anterior teeth B- Prevent overclosure of the vertical dimension C- Prevent posterior cusps from exceeding the condyle angle D- Protect the function and arrangement of anterior teeth 1874)Trough the bloodborne Pathogen Standard, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) directs all health-care workers, in carrying out infection control, to use universal precautions. 1875)Which finding would most likely suggest a non-odontogenic toothache? A- Pain intensified by heat B- Local anesthesia does not eliminate pain C- Dull, aching, throbbing pain D- Pain intensity changing over time 1876)Which form external root resorption is associated with pulpal necrosis?Inflamatory

1877)Which type of root resorption results in ankylosis? Replacement 1878)When designing a clinical study, one uses the power of the statistical test to accomplish which of the following? A- Measure validity B- Set the alpha level C- Reject the null hypothesis D- Determine sample size 1879)The drug of choice for marked bradycardia is = Atropine 1880)Which of the following can have prodromal symptoms which mimic dental pulp pain? A- Cytomegalovirus infection B- Herpangina C- Herpes zoster D- Primary herpetic stomatitis 1881)Rubella embryopathy is an example of which of the following causes of mental retardation? A- Generic B- Cultural C- Acquired D- Chromosomal 1882) Which part of the cutting edge of the curet should be adapted to the line angle of the tooth? Lower third 1883)After a patient places an aspirin directly on his oral tissue for an extended period time, the tissue become white. Which of the following accounts for this change in color? ans- Necrosis 1884)The complement cascade is activated by the A- B-cells B- T-cells C- Lymphokines D- Immune complex 1885)Primary dentition calcification begins at- 4 months in utero 1886)Which is the best approach for a a patient who becomes very uncomfortable when a planned surgical procedure is discussed? A- Explain post-operative instruction only after the procedure B- Explain post-operative instructions, obtain informed consent, and help the patient to resolve anxiety before the procedure C- Explain and obtain only informed consent before the procedure, and apologize for making the patient uncomfortable D- Explain and obtain informed consent before the procedure and explain post-operative instructions after the procedure 1887)Angioedema is associated with which of the following medications? Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors 1888)Naltrexone (Revia) can be used- In opioid rehabilitation program

1889)After receiving an inferior alveolar nerve block the patient develops a needle track infection. Which of the following anatomic spaces might have been involved? A- Temporal B- Submandibular C- Pharyngeal D- Pterygoid 1890)Q117: Which condition describes steatorrhea, increased pulmonary mucous retention, chronic respiratory infections, and functional disturbance in secretory mechanisms of various glands including elevated sodium chloride in the sweat?- Cystic fibrosis 1891)Some metal elements used in ceramic restorations have been known to cause reactions in patients. The most common causative element is- Nickel 1892)- The epithelium of a free autogenous gingival graft undergoes degeneration at the recipient site - Genetic information as to the nature of the epithelium overlying the connective tissue is contained within the graft connective tissue 1893)In arranging the patient’s maxillary anterior teeth, the dentist should create a pleasant, natural-looking smile line. This can be done by contouring the incisal edge to follow the- Lower lip when smiling 1894)An antibiotic sensitivity test is ordered for a patient with a severe infection of the right side of the jaw, secondary to a periapical abscess. The patient was started on penicillin therapy. Three days later, the facial swelling is reduced, the temperature is almost normal and the patient is feeling better. The results of the bacterial test show that the bacteria was resistant to penicillin and sensitive to erythromycin. The dentist should 1. discontinue penicillin only. 2. add erythromycin to the present regimen. 3. continue the present antibiotic therapy. 4. discontinue penicillin and start erythromycin therapy 1895)In conducting a patient interview, the dentist should begin by asking questions that are general, because it provides the patient with a greater opportunity to express his or her concerns and emotions 1896)-What pathogenic microbiota is most likely associated with a failing implant? Gram-negative anaerobic rods 1897)When used for intravenous conscious (moderate) sedation, midazolam (Versed) produces- Amnesia 1898)Auxilliary resistance from features in fixed dental prostheses such as boxes and grooves should ideally be located? proximally

1899)disadvantage of using an elastomeric material for making an interocclusal registration?There is a potential for inaccurate mounting of casts due to rebound of the material 1900)Which of the following represents the initial consideration in the treatment planning progress?A- Medical/systemic evaluation B- Periodontal evaluation C- Radiographic evaluation D- Elimination of pain and discomfort 1901)An HIV-infected patient’s viral load is 100,000 and T cell count is 30. Which of the following statements is true? A- There is no contraindication to providing treatment B- The virus is under control suggesting improved ability to resist infection C- The virus is almost under control and there is low risk for infection D- The T cell count is low, putting the patient at risk for infection and complications 1902)the purpose of using sodium hypochlorite during biomechanical preparation? Dissolves necrotic tissue 1903)The purpose of electronic pulp testing is to differentiate- Between responsive and unresponsive pulpal nerves 1904)A Patient who has been wearing a maxillary denture for 15 years notices multiple, reddened, nodular lesions on his palate. The lesions are soft and painless. The most likely diagnosis is- Inflammatory papillary hyperplasia 1905)best describes the outcome of an intrapulpal anesthetic injection?- Provides anesthesia by back-pressure 1906)Which of the following is the most frequent cause of porosity in a porcelain restoration? A- Moisture contamination B- Excessive firing temperature C- Rapid cooling D- Inadequate porcelain condensation 1907)A 21-year-old male has a painless, compressible and fluctuant, slowy growing enlargement of the anterior midline of the neck. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?- Thyroglossal duct cyst 1908)Agenesis is least in= A. Third molars B. 2nd premolars C. Lateral incisor D. Canines 1909) Common location of supernumerary teeth: A. Max posterior B. Man anterior C. Man anterior D. Max anterior

1910)Developmental anomaly of supernumerary teeth occurs in which stage of tooth development : A. Initiation B. Apposition C. Bell stage 1911) Apical extension of pulp chamber is A. Concresence B. Taurodonism C. Fusion 1912) One of the following is manifested with seizure = Encephalotrigaminal angiomatosis (Sturge-Weber) 1913) Bilateral parotid enlargement in = Warthin’s tumor 1914)Pt complaints of inability to close the right eye after LA injection in rt side, the affected nerve is: A. Ophthalmic B. Facial C. Optic 1915) Sialolithiasis is common in = Wharton's duct, submand. gland 1916)If an odontogenic infection involves the pterygomandibular space, the most obvious clinical sign will be = Trismus (Also when u inject medial pterygoid) 1917) Lesion that can be identified by cellular epithelial features? (Did not mention hyperchromatic basal cells, palisading). OKC(palisading = OKC) 1918) Description of 56 year old patient who has a hard time breathing, produces cough with mucus and has history of smoking: Chronic bronchitis 1919) What is NOT an effect of opioids = Peripheral inhibition of nerves 1920)Percussion test = PDL inflammation / Symptomatic apical periodontitis 1921) Progenitor cells of periodontium = PDL 1922)Conscious sedation. Which reflex = Verbal 1923) Mode of action of Montelukast = Inhibition of Leukotrienes (used for asthma and seasonal allergies) 1924) Difference between primary and secondary occlusal trauma? Periodontal support/healthy periodontium(Primary in healthy periodontium, secondary compromised perio) 1925)Most common psychological problem in elderly? Depression 1926) Pin drill used on: flat surface 1927) about antimuscarinic effects: propantheline, atropine, and scopolamine…not propranolol 1928)Axial walls on an MOD cavity for a cast gold onlay should = Converge from the gingival walls to pulpal walls 1929)Ectodermal dysplasia = sparse hair 1930)Tingling in lips/hands, headache, weakness, fainting, tachycardia = hyperventilation note:Chronic hyperventilation syndrome. In chronic HVS, hyperventilation is usually not readily apparent. Frequent sighing respirations (2-3 breaths/min) and frequent yawning are noted. Chest wall tenderness, numbness, and tingling may be present. 1931)Description of patient with peripheral edema = RIGHT side heart failure(NOTE: Left side heart failure pulmonary edema)

1932) Ectodermal dysplasia = Oligodontia and hypodontia 1933)Case for general anesthesia: 2 years old with extensive caries 1934) 2-year-old child mother complaining that my son doesn't eat anything due to pain he has sore red gums. What is your diagnosis = Herpetic gingivostomatitis(that is if multiple small sore ulcers on gingiva) 1935)Valcyclovir (Valtrex): Tx for herpes simplex/herpes zoster 1936)A patient has a RPD and a firm, swelling under the buccal flange midway between incisors and molars. What is it? Traumatic neuroma 1937)Most common neoplasm in mouth? SCC(Also called epidermoid carcinoms) 1938)Patient with the history of bleeding n also bruising on extremities what it can be = Leukemia 1939). What is the oil in the x ray tube for? dissipate the heat (cooling) 1940)the procedure of apical closure in permanent immature non vital tooth is = Apexification Vital apexogenisis Non vital apexification 1941)Dentist ignoring unacceptable behavior is = Extinction 1942)Modeling for fearful child: A. Show him the procedure in non-fearful child (usually sibling) 1943) Dentist duties to practice truthfully, which type of ADA ethics = Veracity 1944) Patient comes in saying she heard you can change amalgam to composite? You practice veracity (by saying amalgam’s not seen in scientific studies to be worse). 1945)Most likely cause pulp necrosis after trauma to the tooth = Pulp hyperemia 1946)Diagnosis for lingering pain to cold and sensitivity to percussion = Irreversible pulpitis & acute periapical abscess (If not lingering then reversible) 1947)non rigid splinting for avulsed tooth and rigid for root fracture 1948)Test performed to differentiate endo vs. perio lesions: Percussion(lateral percussion classically seen in perio) 1949)Differential diagnosis of periodontal abcess & periradiculal abscess? Vitality test Perio -vital Periradicular - non vital 1950)Not reversible index is: a. perio b. gingival c. DMFT d.OHI-S 1951)Side effect of nitroglycerin = Orthostatic hypotension and headache 1952)Stridor: laryngospasm (treated with succinylcholine) 1953)Mechanism of fetal alcohol syndrome=. Neural crest apoptosis 1954) Access of mandibular 1st molar: trapezoid (max molar is triangular)

1955)Systemic antibiotic and scaling are combined as main treatment for:LAP so answer is A. Chronic periodontitis B. Aggressive periodontitis C ANUG D. Desquamative gingivitis 1956)Children between 7-10 years are mostly benefited from = Pits and fissures sealants 1957) Band and loop space maintainer is all Except = Prevents vertical eruption of opposing tooth(helping in eruption is done by distal shoe) 1958)Patient has skin nodules, supernumerary teeth and one more thing, what should you investigate for? Intestinal polyps (Gardner’s syndrome):Osteomas, Supernumerary, Polyps, Skin nodules 1959)Dental lamina is formed at = 6 weeks IU 1960)Treacher Colins syndrome (mandibulofacial dysostosis) has a relation to zygoma in same manner of cleidocranial dysplasia relation to : A. Ribs B. Clavicle C. Iliac 1961) Automated external defibrillator best described as? it’s used for infant and children less than 8 yrears with infant and kids pads , Kids more than 8 years adult pads 1962)Dentist wants to evaluate the effect on bypass surgery and nutrition = Clinical trial 1963) The most stable elastic material in a moisture environment? PVS or polyether 1964)Brown tumor (Central giant cell granuloma) is associated with HYPERPARATHYROIDISM 1965) Best time for treatment of pt under dialysis : The day after dialysis 1966) Periodontitis in AIDS pt will be treated by all of following except A. Scaling B. Systemic antibiotics C. Antifungal to prevent candidasis D. Multiple free gingival graft to correct the gingival defect or contour 1967)Dementia : A. Short term memory loss B. Long term memory loss 1968)X ray that was showing zygomatic process of maxilla:submento vertex view( if not in option then select CT) 1969)One month ago, a dentist studied the prevalence of dental caries among school students, What study :A. Cross sectional 1970) Dentist studies 4 unrelated pts with myofacial pain and myalgia. What type of study :A. Case series 1971) Greatest fracture force? Zirconia. Least fracture force? Options were worded weirdly for feldspathic (glass based silica) 1972)Polycrystalline ceramic :A. Zirconia B. Feldsparic porcelain C. Aluminosilicate ( not sure) D. One more l think leutice something 1973)Cavity prep amalgam class 5 retention form ? A. prox grooves mesial / distal B. prox grooves oclusal C. parallel walls mesio-distal D. parallel walls occluso-gingival

1974)What determines implant height in an overdenture? 1. implant length 2. impl diameter 3. gingiva height 4. number of implants 1975) What do you line up the ala-tragus line with? Camper 1976)Prevalence of cleft lip and/or palate in US is 1 to : 700 1977)Patient taking Warfarin, what pathway do you measure? Extrinsic (PT) 1978)Source/object distance for lateral ceph = 5 feet 1979) Amalgam waste is regulated by: OSHA/ transport by EPA 1980)What structure are we avoiding in raising right hip for pregnant woman? IVC 1981) Description of case with pulp necrosis ?ept -ve 1982) Diazepam-mediated effects include A- Peripherally-acting muscle relaxation B- Lowering seizure Threshold C- Anterograde amnesia D- Analgesia 1983)Ankylosis of tooth: replacement resorption 1984)Necrotic tooth: external root resorption 1985)The drug of choice in patient with bradycardia = Atropine 1986) How much oxygen give when your patient feel nausea in nitrous oxide. A stop nitrous B give 60% oxygen C give 100 % oxygen 1987)Class IV composite, you notice it is too light two weeks later, how do you treat? Add composite tint or do direct facial composite in new color. Ans. Tint if shade is dark then redo 1988)When fail and safe mechanism start in nitrous at what percentage . 70% 1989)#30 gold crown has wear located on the MB cusp of the MB incline, cause – protrusive and working side movement 1990)Reciprocal anchorage in ortho – bodily movement, tipping, rotation, equal and opposite force 1991)Non-working movement, which one is true? Lingual cusps of upper molars hit lingual inclines of facial cusps of mandibular molars. LULB rule note:BULL is for working 1992) Which one of the following doesn’t happen in the PDL during ortho movement? Chemical change in PDL 1993)What is predominant in plaque 2 days after prophy? Gram (+) cocci and rods 1994). Benzodiazepines mode of action = increase gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) at the GABAA receptor 1995) Muscle in mandibular frenum for making mandibular CD= traingularis\depressor anguli oris, buccinator 1996)A dentist is doing research on 5 unrelated patients with different background. Dentist is doing what kind of research? Case-Series

1997)Male extracted his lower left third molar, on the second day he feels feverish, with sublingual swelling that elevate his tongue, affects the swallowing and breathing, diagnosis: Ludwig angina 1998)Recurrence is least in: A. Ameloblastoma B. OKC C. Odontogenic myxoma D. Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor 1999)Pear-shaped radiolucency causing displacement of the roots of vital maxillary lateral incisor and canine = Globulomaxillary cyst note:❤ - nasopalatine 2000)Diazepam uses in all Except : A. Emesis B. Anxiety C. Muscle spasm D. Seizures 2001)Lesions @ alveolar ridge of infants- Bohn’s nodules 2002)Pathophysiology of dry socket = Fibrinolysis 2003)Bisphosphonates are NOT used for = Osteomyelitis and multiple myeloma 2004) First sign of multiple myeloma = bone pain 2005)Working side interferance= non functional cusp (LUBL) Non working =functinal cusp 2006)In molar area, the lingual flange of mandibular denture is determined by = Mylohyoid 2007) Intraoral melanoma found on? Palate & gingiva 2008)More number of blades on carbide burs: smoother, less efficient cutting 2009)16 kg girl, asked about max lidocaine? 70.4 mg but in answer choices it was 72 mg (16*4.4) 2010)Modified Widman flap: full thickness flap (coronal to MGJ), replaced/non-displaced, by internal bevel incision & done to provide access for root debridement NOT pocket elimination 2011)15 years old pt with 107 f, lymphadynopathy, sore gums, diagnosis A. Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis 2012) A tooth is not responsive to cold, not to percussion, and not palpation tract = Necrotic pulp and asymptomatic apical periodontitis 2013)What is TRUE in regard to the preparation of occlusal rests: A. Use an inverted cone bur B. Use a flat fissure bur C. Parallel to occlusal plane D. At right angle to the long axis of tooth E.None of the above 2014)Most common reason for cardiac arrest of kid?The most common causes of SCA in children are: Structural cardiac abnormalities (congenital heart diseases and postoperative repairs, coronary artery anomalies, or Marfan syndrome)

2015)An occlusal approaching clasp TIP: a. Should occupy a predetermined undercut b. Contact the tooth under the survey line 2016)Patients with Sjogren syndrome are at increased risk for developing:Lymphoma 2017)the best initial treatment for a patient with localized aggressive Periodontitis - LAP=Scaling and root planing plus systemic antibiotics 2018)A radiograph of a 12-year-old child’s asymptomatic permanent maxillary right central incisor reveals an obliterated root canal. Which of the following is the treatment of choice?- Periodic observation 2019)bur we use for occlusal seat prep-round 2020)Microscopic suprabasal intraepithelial bullae and acantholysis characterize which of the following diseases?- Pemphigus vulgaris 2021)the strength of a soldered connector is best increased by A- Using a higher carat solder B- Electroplating the joint with gold prevent corrosion C- Increasing its dimension in a direction parallel to the applied force D- Increasing its dimension in a direction perpendicular to the line applied force E- Increasing the with of the joint by having a space of at least 0.5 inch between the parts to be soldered 2022)Which of the following odontogenic lesions occurs most frequently: A- Ameloblastoma B- Odontoma

2023)A patient with syphilis is highly infectious during which of the following stages? Secondary stage only 2024) Rising with a new mouth rinse results in a statistically significant decrease in the Gingival Index (GI) score, but does NOT result in improved oral health for the patient. This finding suggest which of the following? A- Non-clinical significance B- Double-blind study C- Improper study desing 2025)An extended course of cortisone therapy can produce A- Osteoporosis B- Osteopetrosis C- Osteoclerosis D- Osteochondritis 2026)Repeated fracture of a metal ceramic partial fixed dental prosthesis is primarily caused by A- Insufficient retention form B- Improper firing schedule C- Failure to use a metal conditioner D- Inadequate framework design 2027)Status epilepticus- diazepam Tonic-clonic (grand mal) - phenytoin

Absence epilepsy (petit mal) ethosuximide and valporic acid 2028)Extrusion of canine what flap technique is used except 1)Envelope flap 2) Semilunar flap 3) Apical repositioning flap 2029)What percent of hydrogen peroxide should be used for debriding and intraoral wound?- 3 percent 2030)One advantage of using a fiber-reinforced post for restoring an endodontically treated tooth is that it A- Has a modulus of elasticity similar to stainless steel B- Has a modulus of elasticity similar to dentin C- Is highly radiopaque and easy to visualize on a radiograph D- Is stronger and more resistant to fracture than a cast metal post ANS:B (Literatures said that RFPs have same MOE of dentine , moreover have high tensile strength, low electric conductivity, resistance to solubility, & resistance to biochemical degradation, totally RL in x ray, never causes stresses on rct treated teeth, that’s why it's preferred than metal posts) 2031)Most common reason for cardiac arrest of kid? Respiratory distress, congestive heart failure, cyanotic heart disease 2032)How is the occlusion strength of occlusion in patient with dentures compared with patient with all tooth.?1/6th in real teeth pts compared to dentures. 2033)Patient taking Warfarin, what pathway do you measure?Extrinsic PT note:Extrinsic PT Warfarin Intristic PTT Heparin 2034) In which of the following mandibular fracture cases should the intermaxillary fixation be released earliest? A- A high condylar fracture=(TO avoid ankylosis) B- A fracture through the site of an impacted third molar C- An angle fracture and contralateral parasymphyseal fracture D- A jaw in which the treatment has been delayed by the management of other injuries 2035)A panoramic radiograph of a 55-year-old female reveals generalized widening of the periodontal ligament space and bilateral resorption of the mandibular angles. What is the most likely diagnosis? A- Fibrous dysplasia B- Progressive systemic sclerosis C- Osteosarcoma D- Marfan syndrome

2036)Which hematologic disorder represents a malignancy of plasma cell origin? Multiple myeloma 2037)Cleft palate: o Environmental o Genetic o MULTI-FACTORIAL 2038)Partial thickness includes? Keratinized epithelium and alveolar mucosa but not periosteum 2039)Which of the following local anesthetics usually manifests its toxicity clinically by initial depression and drowsiness rather than stimulation and convulsion? 1. Procaine hydrochloride (Novocain®) 2. Propoxycaine hydrochloride (Ravocaine®) ) 3.Lidocaine hydrochloride (Xylocaine® 4. Tetracaine hydrochloride (Pontocaine®) 2040)A furcation radiolucency in a 5-year-old child’s primary molar is most due to-Pulpal necrosis 2041)retention of sealants is caused by Tags in enamel to create mechanical retention Chemical bond between sealant and enamel note:Enamel is by tags. For sealent it is micromechanical bonds 2042)Lisinopril what is not a side effect: Hypotension, hypokalemia , interaction with long term Nsaids 2043)Trauma , cold , dehydration triggers sickle cell anemia 2044)The most common congenitally missing permanent teeth, with the exception of the maxillary and mandibular third molars, are the mandibular second premolars (3.4%), followed by the maxillary lateral incisors (2.2%), and the maxillary second premolars. 2045)•Grand mal - Phenu\ytoin • Petitmal - Ethosuximide • Status Epilepticus – Diazepam • Grandmal - 2-5 minutes - most common in adults • Petitmal 5-15 secs • Febrile - most common in child 2046)Grand Mal - self injury can occur Petit Mal-no injury 2047)Colored tiny spot on the internal surface of lower lip, what’s the most probable diagnosis? A- melanotic macule or B- melanotic nevus

2048)Occlusal reduction of porcelain crown? A- Flat and rounded(all ceramic rounded) B- Sharp and angled C- Same as the occlusal anatomy(if metal crown, metal fused should be same as teeth) 2049)sufla— PABA diazepam-- gaba 2050)Which best describes the interpersonal distance zone in which dentists usually treat their patients? A. social B. intimate C. public D. personal(as distance is 2-3 feet) 2051)Verill’s sign: signs for intravenous diazepam sedation are ptosis, also referred to as “the Verrill sign,”altered speech and blurred vision. 2052)Amentadine is given for Influenza A and Parkinson disease. 2053)to accomodate mandibular molar? resorption of ant border of mandible resorption of post border of mandible 2054)Long face class 2 Short face class 3 2055)Band and loop or distal shue - unilateral Lingual bar - when missing both 1 molars 2056)actemainophen causes hepatoxicity 2057)alveoplasty done and interproximal bone is apical to radical bone Normal Scalloped Reverse(This is in perio bone architecture) note:Normally interdental bone is higher level than facial or lingual alveolar bone like scalloped. in horizontal bone lose is flat 2058)A large cyst-like lesion in the posterior area of the mandible can be diagnosed adequately by 1. exfoliative cytology. 2. aspiration techniques. 3. a complete radiographic examination. 4. microscopic examination of incised tissue. 5. careful and periodic examination of the lesion. 2059)Deep bite white ppl Open bite black ppl Cleft lip asian 2060)Acetaminophen contraindicated for liver

Ibuprofen contraindicated kidney 2061)How many teeth should involved to be localasied or generalize periodontitis in diagnois: 50% or less than 6 teeth is loc. 2062) Nerve damage during TMJ surgery? facial Nerve supply the capsule TMJ?auriculotemporal and massetric . 2063)Dovetail- retention in amalgam Proximal grooves- retentions and resistance in amalgam 2064)The office bleaching changes the shade through all except... a. dehydration b. etching tooth c. oxidation of colorant d. surface deminearalization 2065)palmar and plantar erosions in what syndrome??Nevoid basal cell gorlin 2066)independent=method, dependent=variable 2067)Noble metals used for what=TYPE 1-INLAYS ,TYPE-2 ONLAYS , TYPE 3-SHORT SPAN BRIDGES,CROWNS ,TYPE 4- FOR LONG SPAN BRIDGES AND RPD 2068)● Warfarin – INR & PT ● Hemophilia & Heparin - PTT ● Aspirin – BT ● Alcohol- INR Warfarin- pt and inr- 11-12 sec Alcoholic- inr Heparin- ptt 25-35sec Aspirin- bt 9 min And hemophilia also bt- 9 min 2069)Smiling and assuring child : Social reinforcement – ans Cognitions reinforcement 2070)Posterior nasal spine related to which bone .Ans- Ant- Maxilla //Post – Palate 2071)A black male with erosive lips, erythematous and blisters on his lips, the description says that he also have palmar and planta erosion and blisters, what is this syndrome? a. lichen planus b. erythema multiform c. pemphigus vulgaris d. pemphigoid 2072)Pseudo class ||| MD moves in CO=Anterior …. AND IN CR: Posteriolateral Anterior Anterolatateral Posterior Posteriolateral 2073)amphetamine-acts by rapid relase of neurotransmitter

cocaine= reuptake inhibition and release TCA antidepressant= reuptake inhibition amphedrine= causes release but also acts at receptor itself MAOIs = block NT degradation 2074)deviation of jaw= Condyle Frature - Same side, Hyperplasia- opposite side 2075)Tongue and fracture- affected side deviate Uvula- opposite side Hyperplasia to opposite side Hypoplasia- same side 2076) x-rays work: photoelectric 2077)MRI= ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES 2078)Most commonly misdiagnosed as endo lesion: A. Lateral periodontal cyst 2079)Erosion- GERD- gastric Acidity and bulimeia 2080)CT for hard tissue For parotid- MRI with dye 2081)- 45years man coming regularly to this office since 20 y every 4-6 Months for regular Checkup he has red blue cyst on lower buccal side filled with mucous The first line of treatment is. ans:aspiration- 1st line.... if not then, cytology 2082) the main reason of pain after RCT= Coronal leakage 2083)RCT contra indication in recent MI 2084)ossifying fibroma- Well circumscribed Fibrous dysplasia- Not well circumscribed, ground glass 2085)169- bur is convergent in shape but used for divergent walls 2086) 245- is divergent in shape but used for convergence of walls 2087)→ cast, surveying and analysis 2088)just Reviewing all Implant RQ related diameter ● ridge Implant Lenth for CD- 12 mm ● Diamater - 4 mm (implant ● buccal and lingual - 1 mm ● mesial amnd distal - 1.5 mm ● Between 2 implant 3 mm ● Between implant and tooth 1.5 ● Total width of ridge - 6 mm (in options- 7 given) ● between 2 impants - 3 mm ● between Impant and vital str- 2 mm ● Between Impant and tooth - 1.5 mm ● from mental foramen-5 mm ● From Anterior loop of Mental nerve - 2 mm ● flarring - enlarging coronal part for impalnt called countersinking ● tapping is when we create grooves inside bone with grooved bur

● level on implant in relation to adjacent CEJ- 1.5 mm apical Between Implant and Maxi Sinus floor- 2 mm 2089)The mechanism of MRI working – Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) uses the body's natural magnetic properties to produce detailed images from any part of the body. For imaging purposes the hydrogen nucleus (a single proton) is used because of its abundance in water and fat. 2090)maximum dosage of lidocaine n epinephrine in healthy adult lido 7mg/kg with epi lido 4.4mg/kg without epi max epi 0.2mg 11 cartridges cardiac risk patient 0.04mg epi 2 cartridges Kids lido 4.4mg/kg 2091)1 carpule 1.8ml sol. lido 36mg epi 0.018mg for (1:100,000epi2%lido) 2092)Reduction of PFM crown gingival-1.0,middle-1.5,incisal-2.0mm occlusal- 1.5 2093)Maintenance patient with 6mm pockets what to do: local abx, /local abx + SRP in that region/ surgery 2094) Maintenance patient with 5mm pockets with excellent OH and no calculus what to do next: surgery or SRP 2095)Which of the following dimensions are compared in the transitional dentition analysis? A. Arch width to arch length B. Leeway space to freeway space C. Leeway space to size of tooth D. Space available to space required 2096)Modanafil for sleep disorders 2097)Most common cause of osteoporosis in the US:malnutrition 2098)-implant and over denture which one give support and which one give retention – implant:retention,bone:support 2099)patient taking Amphetamine what he has – ADHD 2100)-Amantedine- viral (Dopamine promoter and antiviral drug Amantadine for ant parkinsonism and antiviral for influenza ) 2101)position of condyles is unchanged when correcting mand. Prognathism and retrognathism 2102)least useful retention/resistance form in crown? �-parallelism �-path of insertion �-length of axial walls � -total area of 2 axial walls 2103)10-year-old had a missing second lower PM, second primary M retained a little bit under occlusion what is not a reason to keep the primary second molar? a-to keep first permanent molar form coming forward b-to keep first PM from moving distally c- to keep upper PM form erupting 2104)What should the dentist do to a child with internal derangement: occlusal splint

2105)Is space lacking is less than <4 mm What do you do 1.Stripping ant teeth or 2.Stripping post teeth or 3.Extraction Ans – A 1.Stripping ant teeth if <4mm 5 mm - Extraction 1st PM 7.5 - extraction 2nd PM 2106)What do you do to camouflage class 2? 1- Ext max first premolar or 2- Ext max second premolar 2107)The primary advantage of an external splint over an internal splint is A. increased rigidity. B. increased retention. C. increased durability. D. conservation of tooth structure. 2108)critical pH for Demineralization? Dentin=6.2 Enamel=5.5 2109)You had a very difficult pediatric patient who was crying a lot. You remain calm and professional the whole time. When the patient leaves, your assistant accidentally drops an instrument on the floor and you get extremely angry at her and yell at her. This type of defense mechanism is known as what?Displacement 2110)sleep apnea=Modanafil for sleep disorders, For pain management No Opioids .Naproxen or Ibuprofen given 2111)vital-apexogenesis Nonvital- apexefication 2112)mucopolysaccharidosis=hunter/hurley-lysosome 2114)port wine stain- sturge weber 2115)hypertolerism=cruozon’s 2116)A patient works at a nuclear power plant. He is frequently exposed to a small amount of radiation, although the dose he receives is below the occupational limits. Which of the following best explains why this patient need not wear his employee film badge while he is having dental radiographs made? A. His badge records only gamma-radiation, not x rays. B. His film badge must be used only to measure occupational doses. C. It is unlikely that the current dose will rise above his occupational limit. D. The dose from the dental radiographs is too low to be measured accurately by the badge. 2117)epi. reversal= with prazosin , chlorpromazine 2118)molars Uprighting 6-12 months Stabilizing 2-6 months 2119)Mand molar hemisection

Max molars root amputation 2120)neuthrophilles in cellulitis?lymphocytes 2121)Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis is based on subjective and objective findings that the vital inflamed pulp is incapable of healing and that root canal treatment is indicated. Characteristics may include sharp pain upon thermal stimulus, lingering pain (often 30 seconds or longer after stimulus removal), spontaneity (unprovoked pain) and referred pain. Sometimes the pain may be accentuated by postural changes such as lying down or bending over and over-the-counter analgesics are typically ineffective. Common etiologies may include deep caries, extensive restorations, or fractures exposing the pulpal tissues. Teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis may be difficult to diagnose because the inflammation has not yet reached the periapical tissues, thus resulting in no pain or discomfort to percussion. In such cases, dental history and thermal testing are the primary tools for assessing pulpal status. 2122) LITHIUM is the choice of drug for the manic phase of manic depression 2123)chlorpromazine tx schizophrenia 2124)H2o2 3% intra oral wound 30% in office bleaching 10% in over the counter bleaching 2125)Bur that produce smooth nish of preparation for PFM? Diamond 2126)While placing a self threaded pin accidentally the pin goes in to the pulp chamber what is ur management.1.place caoh and proceed the treatment 2.cover the tip of the pin with caoh replace it and proceed 3. Do RCT 4. Extraction Allergy to sulfa-drugs: what drugs cannot give. • Sulfa-containing drugs include: • sulfonamide antibiotics, including sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (Bactrim, Septra) and erythromycin-sulfisoxazole (Eryzole, Pediazole) • some diabetes medications, such as glyburide (Diabeta, Glynase PresTabs) Attached gingiva width= ginogival margin to MGJ- pocket depth median romboid : papillary atrophy hairy tongue hypertrophy of filiform geographic tongue: atrophy of filliform hairy leukoplakia hyperkeratosis hypertrophy of foliage papilla = lingual tonsil

If for implant says minimal diameter is 4mm but question says minimal width means diameter + amount if tissue which will bw 4mm + 1.5mm+1.5mm=7mm Veneers : finish line shoulder or chamfer Small spot in gingiva , seem like Normal pigmentations,What do you see in biopsy ? In normal melanin In malignancy-melanocytes treatment for adrenal crisis-100mg hydrocotisone IV Mandible: Triangularis, Buccinator Maxilla: Orbicularis, Levator anguli Phentolamine is the non selective reversible alpha blocker given after dental procedures to reverse the effects of LA. Wear off of LA is decreased by 50% day 2: 1. plavix and aspirin taken together stop or not 2 Q 2. lisinopril bunch of medicines taken which for hypertension 3. buccally erupting canine anterior crowding and open bite reason for open bite 4. gastric bypass and nutritional deficiency which case study 5. for a research to be appropriate what factors except Q 6. amalgam tatoo 7. hyoid bone 8. one Q 2 different pictures of amalgam restoration asking incomplete tituration condesation corrosion 9. multiple teeth were ok and some decayed they say mn mx removable partial denture, maxilla cd and mn rpd vice versa 10. white patch on floor of tongue except Q verrucous leukoplakia scc benign migratory glossitic flocal keratosis 11. why is not reason for mn rpd.. i chose mandibular tori as couldnt see it in the picture or not mentioned 12. one case with lots of caries in upper and chipped lower.. reason medicine faciql trauma nail bittng dentql caries ( restorative chart only showed 1 caries and nail bitting was no where mentioned 1.sulfonamide moa statement no paba or folic acid :Mode of action: Inhibition of other metabolic processes.Sulfonamides interfere with folic acid synthesis by preventing addition of para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) into the folic acid molecule through competing for the enzyme dihydropteroate synthetase. 2.methotrexate - folic acid :an antimetabolite of the antifolate type. It is thought to affect cancer and rheumatoid arthritis by two different pathways. For cancer,

methotrexatecompetitively inhibits dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), an enzyme that participates in the tetrahydrofolate synthesis. 3.epinephrine with thryoid: 4.apsirin 5.percocet - how much codiene and acetominophen.. schedule.. narcoitic opoid yes no.. statement Q 6.acetominophen for kid 7.2 Q on attachment calculation 8.16kg child la calculation with max dose 9.cleft palate and lip 1:700 10.inr used for prothrombin time 11.max premolar eruption time 12.disulfiram with alcoholics .. metronidazole amox clinda vanco ( metro is the ans) 13. acid in gic - polyacrylic 14. zinc phosphate vs gic except Q 15. irm 16. zinc oxide eugonal plus something makes it something 17. case control 18. drugs - randomized clinical trials 19. cervical constriction which primary tooth 20. mwf around 4 Q 21. gingivectomy statement Q except 22. free gingival graft 23. primary herpetic gingivostomatitia 24. radio 2 on dentigerous cyst they mentioned in one lines with stratified squamous epithelium options coc dentigerous cyst.. i did coc but right ans is dentigerous cyst 25. zygoma radiograph .. they say zygoma of temporal bone.. zygoma of maxilla 26. radio on periapical cemental dysplasia 27. prevelance which case study 28. ethics pt wants to replace amalgam with composite 29. ethics dr refused to continue tt due to incomplete payment 30. bundling Q - dr charges for crown prep and crown and they pay him for crown only 31. deep caries in child approximating pulp horn what do u do 32. no sinus tract and percussion positive painful 33. behavior modification statements 34. with age pt looses ability in - learning payinh attention listening reasoning 35. cns inter aterially - cns excitation

36. macroglossia - hyperpara, hypothyroi, downs, amyloidosis 37. la statement Q- lipid solubility, unionized, decreased action potential 38. tetracycline calcium interaction statements 39. coumarin statement Q not with vit k 40. pdeudomembrane colitis except Q- narrow spectrum..4 days after taking drug..C difficile.. 41. mitral valve - no antibiotics prophylaxis needed 42. opiod except solomence 43. increase water powder ratio statements Except decrease setting time 44. severe allergy pt what do u do.. albulterol inhaler.. hemisuccinate 100mg.. epinephrine 0.3.. 45. propanolol moa statement exept 46. diabetic pt hypoglyemic drug moa 47. aspirin acetominophen common and uncommon adenocarcinoma::::::: Old man, has history of MI, adenocarcinoma, took radiotherapy for that, hepatitis A before 24 yrs, smoker, knee replacement 6 months ago, Medications – aspirin, warfarin, protriptyline, and some other medicines. Oral findings: white patch on floor of mouth, anterior cross bite, missing maxillary molar and exostosis on the buccal of mandibular premolar /molar area, melanotic macule on the palate. Questions: 1. What’s the most probable reason for his severe dry mouth? A- Medication B- Radiation therapy C- Medical condition

D- Other option 2. Reason for the brown lesion on palate? A-cigarette use B- Other options 3. Patch on the floor can be all except: nicotinic stomatitis=true 4. Which lab test for the viral infection? A-HgSab, B- HgcAb, C- Transaminase,D- no test 5. The patient is at increased risk for all except? A- Procedure related bleeding B- Hyposalivation C- Osteoradionecrosis D- SCC 6. Reason for the anterior cross bite? A- Early loss of maxillary molar B- Other options 7. What is true for his malocclusion Related only to the anterior region ( on the left side he had a missing canine maxillary and the posterior bite looked collapsed) Correction of ant cross bite will improve esthetic and function The premolar will function for the missing canine(smthg like this) 8. Most important to consider when deciding for the antibiotic prophylaxis? A- time elapsed since the surgery B- I guess there was option consulting with the physician medications ( not sure) 9- What’s most likely differential diagnosis for brown lesion on palate? A- melanotic macule B- Melanotic nevus C- other options 10. Premedication of a prosthetic replacement case would depend on? A-patient and orthopedic surgeon preference B- joint replacement spot C- joint replacement time D- joint replacement type (knee/hip/etc) or other option 11.All are reason for his early tooth loss except? A-Poor oral care as a child B- Lack of fluoridated water C- Untreated periodontal disesese D- Incomplete tooth development

12.All are risks of extraction of the upper teeth. Which is LEAST excepted? A- Dry socket B- Tuberosity fracture C- damage to adjacent tooth D- one more option (that was not the least, I guess sinus penetration) 13. For denture in the mandible- what is least preferred “or not acceptable” treatment? A- Extracted remaining teeth then Complete denture B- Extract all anterior except canines on both sides, then put crown on the canine and removable denture C- Extract all teeth, put 2 implants and dentures D- Extract all, put implant and fixed from 27- 25 and 22- 24, then remaning removable 14- For maxilla, what’s the best treatment? A- Extract 3 and 13, then make partial denture B- Extract 6 and 13, then make partial denture C- Complete denture Radiographic appearances: 1-Ground Glass appearance--> Fibrous dysplasia 2-Punched out radiolucencies-->Multiple Myeloma 3-Cotton Wool Appearance-->Paget's Dz 4-Tooth Floating in Air-->Eiosinophilic Granuloma 5-Snow Appearance--> Calcifying Epithelial Odontogenic Tumor(CEOT) 6-Honey Comb Appearance--> Odontogentic Myxoma 7-Soap Bubble Appearance--> Aneurysmal Bone Cyst, Cherubism 8-Scooped out radiolucencies at mid root level--> Histiocytosis X 9-Scalloped radiolucencies around the roots of teeth--> Simple bone cyst aka traumatic bone cyst 10-Beaten Metal appearance on the skull-->Crouzon Syndrome 11-Enlarged marrow spaces--> Sickle cell Anemia 13-Widened PDL with dissolving bone--> Non-Hodgkin lymphoma

14-Moth-Eaten radiolucency--> external resorption 15. salt and pepper appearance radio-graphically-COC 16.gosth teeth appearance-Regional Odontodisplasia 17. Hair on end -Thalassemia 19.Cherry blossom- Sjogren syndrome 20.Sunburst pattern-osteosarcoma dental mental video on YouTube

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1)Which relationship of primary molars can lead to Class 3