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Minerals2-1
Wednesday May 15, 2013 Objective: Identify minerals and their
properties.
Homework: Mineral lab Due Friday
Bell work: • Are water and ice minerals?
• Can minerals be found in rocks?
• Can minerals exist as gas, liquid, and solid?
Minerals have four characteristics A mineral is a
substance that: • Forms in nature• Is a solid• Has a definite chemical
make up It consists of specific combinations of elements
• Has a crystal structure Atoms are arranged in an orderly, repeating, 3-D pattern.
chlorine
sodium
Questions to Ponder Are water and ice minerals?
• Water: No, it is not a solid
• Ice: Yes, it fits all four categories
Can minerals be found in rocks?• yes
Can minerals exist as gas, liquid, and solid? • No, it has to be a solid
Rock vs. Mineral Are all rocks minerals?
• No• A mineral has to have all four
characteristics • A rock only needs two
It forms naturally and it is solid• A rock usually contains two or more types of
minerals
Crystal shapes: A repeating 3-D pattern
Cubic Tetragonal Hexagonal
Orthorhombic Monoclinic Triclinic
Identifying a Mineral Color and streak Luster Cleavage Fracture Density Hardness
Color and Streak The same mineral
can be many different colors, but the streak color is generally the same.
Streak: • The color of a mineral
powder left behind when a mineral is scraped across a surface.
Luster Luster describes the way in which
light reflects from its surface. metallic or nonmetallic.
Cleavage The tendency to break along flat
surfaces.
Fracture The tendency of a mineral to break
into irregular pieces.
Density The amount of mass in a given
volume.
Hardness The resistance of a mineral to being
scratched.