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2001 Mars Odysseypage 1
W o r k s h o p H E N D - 2003
Institute for Space Research, June 9 - 11, 2003
The results of GRB patrolling by The results of GRB patrolling by HEND instrument onboardHEND instrument onboard
2001 Mars Odyssey 2001 Mars OdysseyA. Sanin, S. Charyshnikov, V. Grinkov, A. Kozyrev, M. Litvak,
I. Mitrofanov, V. Tret’yakovInstitute for Space Research
K. HurleySpace Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley
T. ClineNASA/Goddard Space Flight Center
2001 Mars Odysseypage 2
W o r k s h o p H E N D - 2003
Institute for Space Research, June 9 - 11, 2003
What is Gamma-Ray Burst?What is Gamma-Ray Burst?
2001 Mars Odysseypage 3
W o r k s h o p H E N D - 2003
Institute for Space Research, June 9 - 11, 2003
Astrophysical Task of HEND Astrophysical Task of HEND Experiment:Experiment:
Registration of gamma-ray bursts irradiance to high precession determination of sources locations by interplanetary triangulation method.
Scientific GoalScientific Goal::
To detect gamma-ray bursts with time accuracy around 10 мsec. Optical afterglow of GRB 990705 with host
galaxy
2001 Mars Odysseypage 4
W o r k s h o p H E N D - 2003
Institute for Space Research, June 9 - 11, 2003
Gamma-Ray Burst HEND SubsystemGamma-Ray Burst HEND Subsystem
Size of CsI crystal: - height 5.5 cm - external diameter 5.5 cm - wall thickness 1 cm
Time resolution: 0.25 sec, 1 sec.
Spectral range: 30 keV – 1 MeV (0.25 sec) 60 keV – 2 MeV (1 sec) 16 channels in both ranges
Continues data flow.
2001 Mars Odysseypage 5
W o r k s h o p H E N D - 2003
Institute for Space Research, June 9 - 11, 2003
HEND Participations in tHEND Participations in the he TThird Interplanetary Gamma-Ray Burst Timing Networkhird Interplanetary Gamma-Ray Burst Timing Network
(IPN(IPN33))
Interplanetary spacecraft:• Ulysses, heliocentric orbit, < 3000 light sec from Earth• HEND, Mars orbit, < 1200 light sec from Earth
Spacecraft near Earth:• KONUS - WIND• HETE-2• RHESSI • Integral
Based on http://gcn.gsfc.nasa.gov
2001 Mars Odysseypage 6
W o r k s h o p H E N D - 2003
Institute for Space Research, June 9 - 11, 2003
The concept of the “space triangulation” method to determine sky location of transient source using data of several interplanetary detectors
2001 Mars Odysseypage 7
W o r k s h o p H E N D - 2003
Institute for Space Research, June 9 - 11, 2003
HEND HEND contributicontributioonn to IPN: to IPN:registration moment and time profile, obtained registration moment and time profile, obtained
from interplanetary positionfrom interplanetary positionEvent
THEND TCEB TUT
Odysseytrajectory
information(CSPICE)
OdysseyCoordinate
TIME&
Position ofS/C
2001 Mars Odysseypage 8
W o r k s h o p H E N D - 2003
Institute for Space Research, June 9 - 11, 2003
HEND autoburst data distribution systemHEND autoburst data distribution systemEvent
HEND CEB Odyssey JPL UofA
IKI
Data Request by e-mail
Distribution data to
community
DatabaseAutomated burst system
2001 Mars Odysseypage 9
W o r k s h o p H E N D - 2003
Institute for Space Research, June 9 - 11, 2003
Time profiles of some HEND GRBs which were detected during 2 years of operations
2001 Mars Odysseypage 10
W o r k s h o p H E N D - 2003
Institute for Space Research, June 9 - 11, 2003
GRB020405GRB020405
Ulysses/BeppoSaxUlysses/HEND
Error Box for GRB020405• Observed by Ulysses, Mars Odyssey (HEND), BeppoSAX, and KONUS-WIND
• Triangulated to a 75 square arcminute error box and circulated to astronomers within 17 hours
• Optical transient source identified less than one hour later
2001 Mars Odysseypage 11
W o r k s h o p H E N D - 2003
Institute for Space Research, June 9 - 11, 2003
Optical counterpart for GRB020405
2001 Mars Odysseypage 12
W o r k s h o p H E N D - 2003
Institute for Space Research, June 9 - 11, 2003
Statistic of of HEND Gamma Ray-BurstsStatistic of of HEND Gamma Ray-Bursts
“Free space” Cruise stage
Aerobraking Stage
20 detected GRB (~4.0 events/month)
6 detected GRB(~1.5 events/month)
1 events localized
1 have optical afterglow
2 events localized
2 have optical afterglow
Mapping Stage
58 detected GRB(~3.6 events/month)
34 events localized
5 have optical afterglow
For 1 GRB redshift was determined
For 1 GRB redshift was determined
For 3 GRB redshift was determined
2001 Mars Odysseypage 13
W o r k s h o p H E N D - 2003
Institute for Space Research, June 9 - 11, 2003
ConclusionsConclusions
HEND is the member of Interplanetary Gamma-Ray Burst Coordinate Network
during the 23 months of operation 84 GRBs were detected 37 GRBs were localized For 8 GRBs afterglows were founded, for 5 of them
redshifts are determined GRB part of HEND work became more important after
finish of BeppoSax scientific operation stage in the end of April 2002
farther development of HEND burst facility is necessary for own HEND GRB triggering.