2006 DAN REPORT Copyright 2006 Divers Alert Network DANDAN Epidemiology of Diving Accidents and Deaths 2006 Report (2004 Data)

2006

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Copyright 2006 Divers Alert Network

DANDANDANDAN

Epidemiology of Diving Epidemiology of Diving Accidents and DeathsAccidents and Deaths

Epidemiology of Diving Epidemiology of Diving Accidents and DeathsAccidents and Deaths

2006 Report (2004 Data)2006 Report (2004 Data)

2006

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DANDANDANDAN Medical Services VolumeMedical Services VolumeMedical Services VolumeMedical Services Volume

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

18000

20000

E-Mail Inquiries

Information Line

Emergency Calls

2006

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DANDANDANDAN

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

Dives

DCS

DCS/10,000 dives

DC

S

Th

ou

san

ds

Cumulative Project Dive Exploration Progress

2006

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DANDANDANDAN Annual Record of Dive InjuriesAnnual Record of Dive InjuriesAnnual Record of Dive InjuriesAnnual Record of Dive Injuries

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04

Dan Notified

Report Submitted

US & Canadian Residents

Year

Nu

mbe

r of

Cas

es

2006

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DANDANDANDANAnnual Record of U.S. & Annual Record of U.S. &

Canadian Diving FatalitiesCanadian Diving FatalitiesAnnual Record of U.S. & Annual Record of U.S. &

Canadian Diving FatalitiesCanadian Diving Fatalities

110 112119

125

144

131

147

102

130

116109

103

74

110

7076

9487

66

114

92

67

9792

97104

85 82 8378

91

77

89 89 88

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

Nu

mbe

r of

Fat

alit

ies

Year

2006

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DANDANDANDANAnnual Record of U.S. & Canadian Annual Record of U.S. & Canadian

Breath-hold Diving InjuriesBreath-hold Diving InjuriesAnnual Record of U.S. & Canadian Annual Record of U.S. & Canadian

Breath-hold Diving InjuriesBreath-hold Diving Injuries

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Fatal

Non-Fatal

Year

Nu

mbe

r of

Cas

es

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DANDANDANDAN

Annual DCS Incidence Rates/10,000 Dives Annual DCS Incidence Rates/10,000 Dives at Scapa Flow and in the Caribbean Among at Scapa Flow and in the Caribbean Among

Divers Enrolled in PDEDivers Enrolled in PDE

Annual DCS Incidence Rates/10,000 Dives Annual DCS Incidence Rates/10,000 Dives at Scapa Flow and in the Caribbean Among at Scapa Flow and in the Caribbean Among

Divers Enrolled in PDEDivers Enrolled in PDE

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

19 DCS in 10,096 Scapa Flow Dives

18 DCS in 94,012 Mostly Caribbean Dives

DC

S P

er 1

0,00

0 D

ives

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DANDANDANDANAnnual DCS Incidence Rates/10,000 Divers at Annual DCS Incidence Rates/10,000 Divers at

Scapa Flow and in the Caribbean Among Divers Scapa Flow and in the Caribbean Among Divers Enrolled in Project Dive ExplorationEnrolled in Project Dive Exploration

Annual DCS Incidence Rates/10,000 Divers at Annual DCS Incidence Rates/10,000 Divers at Scapa Flow and in the Caribbean Among Divers Scapa Flow and in the Caribbean Among Divers

Enrolled in Project Dive ExplorationEnrolled in Project Dive Exploration

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

19 DCS in 948 Scapa Flow Divers

2,786 Claims in 519,540 Insured Members

18 DCS in 7,466 Mostly Caribbean Divers

DC

S P

er 1

0,00

0 D

iver

s

2006

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DANDANDANDANAnnual Diving Death Incidence Rates/ Annual Diving Death Incidence Rates/

100,000 Divers for DAN and BSAC Members100,000 Divers for DAN and BSAC MembersAnnual Diving Death Incidence Rates/ Annual Diving Death Incidence Rates/

100,000 Divers for DAN and BSAC Members100,000 Divers for DAN and BSAC Members

0

5

10

15

20

25

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

48 BSAC Member Fatalities

186 Insured DAN Member Fatalities

242 Total DAN Member FatalitiesFat

alit

ies

per

100

,000

Mem

ber

s

2006

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DANDANDANDANCumulative Number of PDE Cumulative Number of PDE

Dives Collected from 1995-2004Dives Collected from 1995-2004Cumulative Number of PDE Cumulative Number of PDE

Dives Collected from 1995-2004Dives Collected from 1995-2004

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04

Year

Div

e E

xpos

ure

s(T

hous

ands

)

N = 105,135

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DANDANDANDAN Contributors of PDE DataContributors of PDE DataContributors of PDE DataContributors of PDE Data

SourceSource 20022002 20032003 20042004

Liveaboard Collection CentersLiveaboard Collection Centers 6,5936,593 13,04613,046 12,04012,040

DAN InternsDAN Interns 4,8784,878 6,4496,449 3,9393,939

Scapa Flow Collection CenterScapa Flow Collection Center 2,7952,795 2,4762,476 2,4122,412

Recreational Dive Professionals (RDP)Recreational Dive Professionals (RDP) 1,2831,283 2,3962,396 2,1732,173

Independent DiversIndependent Divers 1,5111,511 2,4002,400 3,3483,348

TOTALTOTAL 17,06017,060 26,76726,767 23,91223,912

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DANDANDANDAN Age and Gender of DiversAge and Gender of DiversAge and Gender of DiversAge and Gender of Divers

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

< 10 10-19 20-29 30-39 40-49 50-59 60-69 70-79 80-89

453 Females

1068 Males

Per

cent

age

of D

iver

s

Age Group (Years)

N = 1,521

2006

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DANDANDANDANAge Distribution of Pre-teen Age Distribution of Pre-teen

and Teenage Diversand Teenage DiversAge Distribution of Pre-teen Age Distribution of Pre-teen

and Teenage Diversand Teenage Divers

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

Fre

qu

ency

Age (Years)

N = 65

2006

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DANDANDANDANPercentage of 2004 PDE Volunteers by Percentage of 2004 PDE Volunteers by

Certification of Divers and GenderCertification of Divers and GenderPercentage of 2004 PDE Volunteers by Percentage of 2004 PDE Volunteers by

Certification of Divers and GenderCertification of Divers and Gender

05

10152025303540 453 Females

1,068 Males

Per

cen

t of

Div

ers

N = 1,521

2006

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DANDANDANDANPercentage of PDE Volunteers by Percentage of PDE Volunteers by

Number of Years Since CertificationNumber of Years Since CertificationPercentage of PDE Volunteers by Percentage of PDE Volunteers by

Number of Years Since CertificationNumber of Years Since Certification

Years of Years of DivingDiving 19981998 19991999 20002000 20012001 20022002 20032003 20042004

11 19.319.3 16.416.4 17.917.9 15.515.5 15.615.6 10.710.7 11.911.9

22 4.84.8 7.17.1 9.89.8 6.46.4 6.46.4 8.68.6 6.26.2

33 7.87.8 7.97.9 7.17.1 10.910.9 7.17.1 5.95.9 8.48.4

44 66 7.97.9 6.36.3 66 6.66.6 4.44.4 7.17.1

55 4.44.4 3.53.5 5.45.4 3.83.8 5.15.1 6.76.7 5.45.4

6-106-10 25.325.3 23.723.7 2121 19.419.4 18.418.4 20.520.5 23.423.4

> 10> 10 26.726.7 26.226.2 29.329.3 26.326.3 30.130.1 35.635.6 37.637.6

2006

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DANDANDANDANChronic Health Conditions Chronic Health Conditions

Reported by PDE VolunteersReported by PDE VolunteersChronic Health Conditions Chronic Health Conditions

Reported by PDE VolunteersReported by PDE Volunteers

0 5 10 15 20 25

Allergy

High Blood Pressure

Ear/Sinus Problems

Ear/Sinus Surgery

Back Surgery

Asthma

Heart Disease

Previous DCI

Diabetes

Psychiatric

Hypothyroidism

Cancer Survivors

Nervous System

Percent of PDE Divers

N = 1,521

2006

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DANDANDANDANAcute Health Problems Before Acute Health Problems Before Diving Reported by PDE DiversDiving Reported by PDE DiversAcute Health Problems Before Acute Health Problems Before Diving Reported by PDE DiversDiving Reported by PDE Divers

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

Orthopedic Seasickness Flu/Infections

Per

cen

t of

PD

E D

iver

s

N = 1,521

2006

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DANDANDANDANPercentage of the PDE Sample Percentage of the PDE Sample

by Dive Platformby Dive PlatformPercentage of the PDE Sample Percentage of the PDE Sample

by Dive Platformby Dive Platform

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Liveaboard Charter boat Beach Small boat

Per

cent

age

of P

DE

Div

es N = 23,947

2006

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DANDANDANDAN Subjective Thermal ComfortSubjective Thermal ComfortSubjective Thermal ComfortSubjective Thermal Comfort

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

Comfortable Hot Cold Not Specified Very Cold

Per

cent

age

of P

DE

D

ives

N = 23,947

2006

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DANDANDANDANReported Thermal Comfort in Reported Thermal Comfort in PDE Dive Groups (N = 23,912)PDE Dive Groups (N = 23,912)Reported Thermal Comfort in Reported Thermal Comfort in PDE Dive Groups (N = 23,912)PDE Dive Groups (N = 23,912)

Thermal Comfort

Dive Group (%)

LiveaboardBeach and Dayboat

Scapa FlowRecreational

Dive Professionals

Hot 6 20 20 9

Comfortable 85 67 65 85

Cold 8 8 14 6

Very cold 0 1 0 0

Not reported 1 4 1 0

2006

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DANDANDANDANPercentage of PDE Sample Reporting Percentage of PDE Sample Reporting

the Indicated Subjective Workloadthe Indicated Subjective WorkloadPercentage of PDE Sample Reporting Percentage of PDE Sample Reporting

the Indicated Subjective Workloadthe Indicated Subjective Workload

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

Light Moderate Heavy Not Specified

Per

cent

age

of P

DE

Div

es N = 23,912

2006

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DANDANDANDANReported Work Rate in PDE Reported Work Rate in PDE

Subgroups (N = 23,912)Subgroups (N = 23,912)Reported Work Rate in PDE Reported Work Rate in PDE

Subgroups (N = 23,912)Subgroups (N = 23,912)

Work Rate

Group (%)


Scapa FlowRecreational

Dive Professionals

Light 84 74 62 73

Moderate 13 20 34 7

Heavy 2 1 2 0

Not reported 1 5 1 20

2006

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DANDANDANDANSingle, Repetitive and Multi-day Single, Repetitive and Multi-day

DivesDivesSingle, Repetitive and Multi-day Single, Repetitive and Multi-day

DivesDives

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Single Dive One Day-Repetitive Diving

Multi-day Diving

Per

cent

age

of D

ive

Seri

es N = 3,265

2006

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DANDANDANDAN Number of Days in Dive SeriesNumber of Days in Dive SeriesNumber of Days in Dive SeriesNumber of Days in Dive Series

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 > 7

Per

cent

age

of D

ive

Seri

es N = 3,265

Days Diving

2006

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DANDANDANDAN Number of Dives in Dive SeriesNumber of Dives in Dive SeriesNumber of Dives in Dive SeriesNumber of Dives in Dive Series

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

1 2-4 5-9 10-19 20-29 30-39

Number of Dives

Per

cent

age

of D

ive

Seri

es N = 3,265

2006

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DANDANDANDAN Maximum Depths of PDE DivesMaximum Depths of PDE DivesMaximum Depths of PDE DivesMaximum Depths of PDE Dives

0

5

10

15

20

25

0-29 30-59 60-89 90-119 120-149 150-179

Per

cent

age

of D

ives

Depth (fsw)

16,512 Dives by Males

7,395 Dives by Females

2006

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DANDANDANDANDepth of Deepest and Last Dive Depth of Deepest and Last Dive in PDE Dive Series (N = 3,265)in PDE Dive Series (N = 3,265)

Depth of Deepest and Last Dive Depth of Deepest and Last Dive in PDE Dive Series (N = 3,265)in PDE Dive Series (N = 3,265)

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

0-29 30-59 60-89 90-119 120-149 150-179

Deepest Dive

Last Dive

Per

cen

t of

Div

e S

erie

s

Depth (fsw)

2006

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DANDANDANDANDive Depth by Day Sequence in Dive Depth by Day Sequence in

Dive SeriesDive SeriesDive Depth by Day Sequence in Dive Depth by Day Sequence in

Dive SeriesDive Series

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Mea

n D

epth

(fs

w)

Dive Day Sequence

N = 23,907

2006

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DANDANDANDANDistribution of Dive Depths Distribution of Dive Depths

Among PDE SubgroupsAmong PDE SubgroupsDistribution of Dive Depths Distribution of Dive Depths

Among PDE SubgroupsAmong PDE Subgroups

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

0-29 30-59 60-89 90-119 120-149 150-179

Liveaboard

Beach & Dayboat

Scapa Flow

Recreational Dive Professionals

Per

cent

of

Div

es

Depth (fsw)

2006

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DANDANDANDANNumber of Dives by Dive Number of Dives by Dive

Planning MethodPlanning MethodNumber of Dives by Dive Number of Dives by Dive

Planning MethodPlanning Method

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

Computer AnotherDiver

Table None NotSpecified

Per

cen

tage

of

Div

es

N = 23,912

2006

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DANDANDANDANDive Planning Method Among Dive Planning Method Among

PDE SubgroupsPDE SubgroupsDive Planning Method Among Dive Planning Method Among

PDE SubgroupsPDE Subgroups

Dive Plan

Subgroup (%)


Cold Water and Wreck

Diving

Recreational Dive

Professionals

Dive computer 81.5 82.4 97.9 88.1

Table 0.3 4.4 2.1 9.5

Another dive 0.2 1.8 0.0 0.0

Not reported 18.0 11.5 0.0 2.4

2006

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DANDANDANDANDives With Decompression or Dives With Decompression or Safety Stop in PDE SubgroupsSafety Stop in PDE SubgroupsDives With Decompression or Dives With Decompression or Safety Stop in PDE SubgroupsSafety Stop in PDE Subgroups

Decompression Procedure

Subgroup (%)

LiveaboardBeach and

Dayboat

Cold Water and Wreck

Diving

Recreational Dive

Professionals

Safety Stop 96 63 55 35

Decompression Stop

1 8 35 0

None 2 20 8 5

Not Reported 1 9 2 60

2006

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DANDANDANDANPercentage of PDE Divers Reporting Percentage of PDE Divers Reporting

Altitude Exposure After DivingAltitude Exposure After DivingPercentage of PDE Divers Reporting Percentage of PDE Divers Reporting

Altitude Exposure After DivingAltitude Exposure After Diving

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

None Commercial Not reported Unpressurized Ground

Type of Altitude Exposure After Diving

Per

cen

tage

of

Div

e S

erie

s N = 3,265

2006

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DANDANDANDAN Summary of OutcomesSummary of OutcomesSummary of OutcomesSummary of Outcomes

Outcome n Dives

Uneventful Dive 22,621

Incident 1,291

Non-DCI Injury 12

Ambiguous 2

DCI

DCS I 2

DCS II 3

AGE 0

2006

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DANDANDANDANPDE Dives With Reported PDE Dives With Reported

Procedural ProblemsProcedural ProblemsPDE Dives With Reported PDE Dives With Reported

Procedural ProblemsProcedural Problems

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

Per

cent

age

of D

ives

2006

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DANDANDANDANPDE Dives with Reported PDE Dives with Reported

Equipment Problems (N = 439)Equipment Problems (N = 439)PDE Dives with Reported PDE Dives with Reported

Equipment Problems (N = 439)Equipment Problems (N = 439)Equipment Problems Frequency Percent

Face mask 115 0.69

Computer 66 0.40

BC 54 0.33

Fins 48 0.29

Breathing apparatus 46 0.28

Weight belt 45 0.27

Other 21 0.13

Depth gauge 21 0.13

Thermal protection 15 0.09

Regulator 3 0.02

Pressure gauge 3 0.02

Mouthpiece 2 0.01

2006

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DANDANDANDANInternational Source of Injury International Source of Injury

Reports for 2004Reports for 2004International Source of Injury International Source of Injury

Reports for 2004Reports for 2004

0

20

40

60

80

U.S. Canada Australia New Zealand Honduras

Per

cent

of

Inju

ry R

epor

ts

2006

D

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DANDANDANDANPercentage of Cases by Percentage of Cases by

Reported DiagnosesReported DiagnosesPercentage of Cases by Percentage of Cases by

Reported DiagnosesReported Diagnoses

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

DCS DCI AGE NDR

Sour

ce o

f In

jury

Rep

orts

(%)

N = 487

2006

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DANDANDANDANConfidence in DCS and AGE Confidence in DCS and AGE

DiagnosesDiagnosesConfidence in DCS and AGE Confidence in DCS and AGE

DiagnosesDiagnoses

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Confident Likely Possible Doubtful

DCS

AGE

Dia

gnos

tic

Con

fide

nce

(Per

cent

of

Gro

up)

2006

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DANDANDANDAN Diver Age GroupsDiver Age GroupsDiver Age GroupsDiver Age Groups

020406080

100120140160180200

13.1 24.4 35.6 46.9 58.1 69.4 80.6 91.9

Median Age of Group (Years)

Fre

quen

cy o

f A

ge G

rou

p

2006

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DANDANDANDAN Certification LevelCertification LevelCertification LevelCertification Level

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

Per

cent

of

Inju

red

Div

ers

2006

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DANDANDANDANOmitted Decompression and Omitted Decompression and

Rapid AscentRapid AscentOmitted Decompression and Omitted Decompression and

Rapid AscentRapid Ascent

Diagnostic CategorySubgroup (%)

Omitted Decompression

Rapid Ascent

AGE 29 71

DCS 38 38

Not diving related 0 0

Unsure (DCI) 33 52

2006

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DANDANDANDANDays of Diving and Dives in Days of Diving and Dives in

SeriesSeriesDays of Diving and Dives in Days of Diving and Dives in

SeriesSeriesDiagnosis Days In Dive Series Dives In Series

AGE Mean

N

Median

2.2

18.0

1.0

2.8

18.0

2.0

DCS Mean

N

Median

2.5

146.0

1.0

4.6

145.0

2.0

NDR Mean

N

Median

2.3

6.0

2.0

2.8

6.0

3.0

DCI Mean

N

Median

6.8

137.0

2.0

11.0

132.0

2.0

2006

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DANDANDANDANMaximum Depth (fsw) of Last Maximum Depth (fsw) of Last

Dive by DiagnosisDive by DiagnosisMaximum Depth (fsw) of Last Maximum Depth (fsw) of Last

Dive by DiagnosisDive by Diagnosis

Diagnosis Mean N Median

AGE 45 18 28.0

DCS 52 217 36.0

NDR 19 4 18.5

DCI 33 149 22.0

2006

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DANDANDANDANMaximum Depth (fsw) of the Last Maximum Depth (fsw) of the Last

Dive Before Injury by GenderDive Before Injury by GenderMaximum Depth (fsw) of the Last Maximum Depth (fsw) of the Last

Dive Before Injury by GenderDive Before Injury by Gender

Gender Mean N Median

M 46 354 30

F 39 126 27

2006

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DANDANDANDAN Number of Symptoms Per DiverNumber of Symptoms Per DiverNumber of Symptoms Per DiverNumber of Symptoms Per Diver

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140

1

3

5

7

9

11

13

Number of Symptomatic Divers

Nu

mb

er o

f R

epor

ted

Sym

pto

ms

N = 264

2006

D

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DANDANDANDANPercent of Reports by Percent of Reports by Individual SymptomIndividual Symptom

Percent of Reports by Percent of Reports by Individual SymptomIndividual Symptom

05

1015202530354045

Per

cent

of

Sym

ptom

Rep

orts

N = 264

2006

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DANDANDANDANSpecific Symptoms by Specific Symptoms by

Frequency Reports (N = 551)Frequency Reports (N = 551)Specific Symptoms by Specific Symptoms by

Frequency Reports (N = 551)Frequency Reports (N = 551)

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160

Dizziness/Vertigo

Skin

Pulmonary

Hemiparesis

Lightheadedness

Memory

Vomiting

Nausea & Vomiting

Vertigo

Discomfort

Vision

Headache

Dizziness

Paresthesia

Numbness & Tingling

Pain

Number of Reported Symptoms

2006

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DANDANDANDANLocation of Specific Symptoms by Location of Specific Symptoms by

Frequency of Reports (N = 551)Frequency of Reports (N = 551)Location of Specific Symptoms by Location of Specific Symptoms by

Frequency of Reports (N = 551)Frequency of Reports (N = 551)

0 5 10 15 20

Throat

Pelvis

Nose

Mouth

Thighs

Buttocks

Abdomen

Toes

Ears

Neck

Lower Back

Face

Eyes

Fingers

Lower Legs


Sym

ptom

Loc

atio

n

2006

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DANDANDANDANLocation of Specific Symptoms by Location of Specific Symptoms by

Frequency of Reports (N = 551)Frequency of Reports (N = 551)Location of Specific Symptoms by Location of Specific Symptoms by

Frequency of Reports (N = 551)Frequency of Reports (N = 551)

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70

Back

Ankles

Wrists

Hips

Stomach

Forearms

Chest

Knees

Elbows

Feet

Shoulders

Legs

Arms

Head

Hands

Sym

pto

m L

ocat

ion


2006

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DANDANDANDANOnset Time of Specific Onset Time of Specific

SymptomsSymptomsOnset Time of Specific Onset Time of Specific

SymptomsSymptoms

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6

Rash

Sensory

Pain

Vertigo

Weakness

Confusion

Malaise

Respiratory

Symptom Onset Time (hours)

2006

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DANDANDANDANNumber of Treatments Per Number of Treatments Per

DiverDiverNumber of Treatments Per Number of Treatments Per

DiverDiver

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

Mean Median Maximum

83 DCS 8 AGE 4 Not Dive Related

Dia

gnos

tic

Con

fide

nce

2006

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DANDANDANDAN Recompression Tables UsedRecompression Tables UsedRecompression Tables UsedRecompression Tables Used

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Other HBO Table 6 Table 5 Table 6A

Nu

mbe

r of

Tre

atm

ents

N = 132

2006

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RT


DANDANDANDANGeneral Outcome (based on General Outcome (based on

DIRF data only; N = 173)DIRF data only; N = 173)General Outcome (based on General Outcome (based on

DIRF data only; N = 173)DIRF data only; N = 173)

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

Complete Relief Improved Unchanged Missing

Per

cent

of

Cas

es

2006

D

AN

RE

PO

RT


DANDANDANDAN Specific OutcomesSpecific OutcomesSpecific OutcomesSpecific Outcomes

Symptom FrequencyOutcome after all

Treatments

Bladder or bowel 1 NC

Deafness 4 2 CR, 1 IM, 1 NC

Confusion 7 5 CR, 2 NC

Respiratory 6 5 CR, 1 NC

Malaise 30 28 CR, 2 IM

CR = complete relief; IM = improved; NC = no change

2006

D

AN

RE

PO

RT


DANDANDANDAN

1. Frequency of Diving Deaths by Country1. Frequency of Diving Deaths by Country1. Frequency of Diving Deaths by Country1. Frequency of Diving Deaths by Country

CountryDecedents

AllUS & Canada

Residents

United States 53 55

United Kingdom 18

Australia 12 1

Canada 11 11

Japan 8 2

Mexico 6 5

Philippines 5 1

New Zealand (Aotearoa) 4

South Africa 3

Thailand 3 1

2006

D

AN

RE

PO

RT


DANDANDANDAN


CountryDecedents

All US & Canada Residents

Fiji 3

Netherlands Antilles 3 3

Guam 3

Ireland 3 1

Malaysia 2 2

Turkey 2

Spain 2

Bahamas 1

Brazil 1

Cayman Islands 1 1

China 1

Costa Rica 1

2006

D

AN

RE

PO

RT


DANDANDANDAN


CountryDecedents

All US & Canada Residents

Dominican Republic 1 1

Ecuador 1

Egypt 1 1

El Salvador 1 1

Estonia 1

French Polynesia 1 1

Israel 1

Korea (North) 1 1

Malta 1

Myanmar 1 1

Palau 1 1

United Arab Emirates 1

Virgin Islands (U.S.) 1

TOTAL 160 88

2006

D

AN

RE

PO

RT


DANDANDANDANRegional Distribution of Regional Distribution of

Fatalities in the U.S.Fatalities in the U.S.Regional Distribution of Regional Distribution of

Fatalities in the U.S.Fatalities in the U.S.

0

5

10

15

20

25

Southeast Southwest Northeast Pacific Gulf Northwest Midwest

Nu

mbe

r of

Fat

alit

ies N = 53

2006

D

AN

RE

PO

RT


DANDANDANDANDistribution of Fatalities by Age Distribution of Fatalities by Age

and Genderand GenderDistribution of Fatalities by Age Distribution of Fatalities by Age

and Genderand Gender

Age (Years)

Per

cent

of

Fat

alit

ies

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

10-19 20-29 30-39 40-49 50-59 60-69 70-79

74 Males

14 Females

2006

D

AN

RE

PO

RT


DANDANDANDANClassification of Fatalities by Classification of Fatalities by

BMI BMI Classification of Fatalities by Classification of Fatalities by

BMI BMI

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

Healthy (18.5-<25) Oversight (25.0-29.9) Obesity (30.0-39.9) Morbid obesity (40+)

Per

cent

of

Fat

alit

ies

BMI Classification

N = 49

2006

D

AN

RE

PO

RT


DANDANDANDAN Certification of Divers Who DiedCertification of Divers Who DiedCertification of Divers Who DiedCertification of Divers Who Died

05

101520253035404550

Basic

Technic

al

Advance

d

Studen

t

Mili

tary

Inst

ruct

or

Comm

erci

al

None

47 Males10 Females

Certification

Per

cent

of

Fat

alit

ies

2006

D

AN

RE

PO

RT


DANDANDANDANNumber of Years Since Initial Number of Years Since Initial

Certification of Divers Who DiedCertification of Divers Who DiedNumber of Years Since Initial Number of Years Since Initial

Certification of Divers Who DiedCertification of Divers Who Died

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

< 1 1 2 3 4 5 6-10 > 10

Number of Years Diving

Per

cent

of

Fat

alit

ies

N = 57

2006

D

AN

RE

PO

RT


DANDANDANDANNumber of Dives in 12 Months Number of Dives in 12 Months

Prior to AccidentPrior to AccidentNumber of Dives in 12 Months Number of Dives in 12 Months

Prior to AccidentPrior to Accident

05

101520253035404550

0 1-19 20-49 50-100 100-300 > 300

Number of Dives in Past 12 Months

Per

cent

of

Fat

alit

ies N = 44

2006

D

AN

RE

PO

RT


DANDANDANDANTime Between Previous Dive Time Between Previous Dive

and Fatal Diveand Fatal DiveTime Between Previous Dive Time Between Previous Dive

and Fatal Diveand Fatal Dive

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Year or More Months Days

Per

cent

of

Fat

alit

ies

Time Between Previous Dive and Fatal Dive

N = 40

2006

D

AN

RE

PO

RT


DANDANDANDANMonth When Diver Deaths Month When Diver Deaths

OccurredOccurredMonth When Diver Deaths Month When Diver Deaths

OccurredOccurred

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Month

Per

cent

of

Fat

alit

ies

N = 88

2006

D

AN

RE

PO

RT


DANDANDANDAN Diving ActivityDiving ActivityDiving ActivityDiving Activity

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Sightseeing Training Spearfishing Personal task Instructing

Per

cent

of

Fat

alit

ies

Diving Activity

N = 55

2006

D

AN

RE

PO

RT


DANDANDANDAN Dive PlatformDive PlatformDive PlatformDive Platform

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Charter/Private Boat Beach/Shore Liveaboard

Dive Platform

Per

cent

of

Fat

alit

ies

N = 88

2006

D

AN

RE

PO

RT


DANDANDANDAN Maximum Dive Depth Maximum Dive Depth Maximum Dive Depth Maximum Dive Depth

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

< 20 20-49 50-59 100+

Depth of Last Dive (fsw)

Per

cent

of

Fat

alit

ies

N = 59

2006

D

AN

RE

PO

RT


DANDANDANDANBreathing Gear and Gas for Breathing Gear and Gas for

U.S. CasesU.S. CasesBreathing Gear and Gas for Breathing Gear and Gas for

U.S. CasesU.S. Cases

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

Scuba Air Scuba Nitrox Scuba Trimix Rebreather Surface-Supply

Per

cent

of

Fat

alit

ies

N = 73

2006

D

AN

RE

PO

RT


DANDANDANDANDistribution of Fatalities by Dive Distribution of Fatalities by Dive

PhasePhaseDistribution of Fatalities by Dive Distribution of Fatalities by Dive

PhasePhase

05

1015202530354045

Bottom Surface PostDive

Ascent Descent/EarlyDive

Surface Pre-Dive

Dive Phase

Per

cent

of

Fat

alit

ies N = 88

2006

D

AN

RE

PO

RT


DANDANDANDAN Accidents by Stage of DiveAccidents by Stage of DiveAccidents by Stage of DiveAccidents by Stage of Dive

Problem started

Diver Lost Consciousness

Surface Pre-dive

UnderwaterSurface

Post-diveOut of water

Unknown Total

Surface pre-dive 3 1 4

On descent/early in dive 4 1 5

At the bottom 27 6 4 37

Ascent 3 1 1 5

Surface post-dive 16 1 2 19

Unknown 7 11 18

TOTAL 3 42 22 2 19 88

2006

D

AN

RE

PO

RT


DANDANDANDAN Cause of DeathCause of DeathCause of DeathCause of Death

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Drowning Acute heartcondition

Air embolism Trauma Carbonmonoxide

Unknown

Per

cent

of

Fat

alit

ies

N = 88

2006

D

AN

RE

PO

RT


DANDANDANDAN Disabling InjuryDisabling InjuryDisabling InjuryDisabling Injury

05

1015202530

Per

cen

t of

Fat

alit

ies

N = 71

2006

D

AN

RE

PO

RT


DANDANDANDAN Disabling AgentsDisabling AgentsDisabling AgentsDisabling Agents

05

101520253035

Per

cent

of

Fat

alit

ies

N = 88

2006

D

AN

RE

PO

RT


DANDANDANDAN Initial Triggering EventInitial Triggering EventInitial Triggering EventInitial Triggering Event

05

101520253035

Per

cen

t of

Fat

alit

ies N = 88

2006

D

AN

RE

PO

RT


DANDANDANDAN Number of Divers in PartyNumber of Divers in PartyNumber of Divers in PartyNumber of Divers in Party

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

1 2 3-4 5-8 > 8

Number of Divers in Party

Per

cent

of

Fat

alit

ies

N = 66

2006

D

AN

RE

PO

RT


DANDANDANDAN Number of Divers in TeamNumber of Divers in TeamNumber of Divers in TeamNumber of Divers in Team

05

101520253035404550

Solo diving Pair of divers Three or more

Dive Team

Per

cent

of

Fat

alit

ies

N = 66

2006

D

AN

RE

PO

RT


DANDANDANDAN

Distribution (%) of Described Primary Distribution (%) of Described Primary Activity for Breath-hold Incident Victims in Activity for Breath-hold Incident Victims in

20042004

Distribution (%) of Described Primary Distribution (%) of Described Primary Activity for Breath-hold Incident Victims in Activity for Breath-hold Incident Victims in

20042004

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

Snorkeling Spearfishing Collecting Freediving

Per

cent

of

Cas

es

Breath-Hold Activity

N = 22

2006

D

AN

RE

PO

RT


DANDANDANDANAge and Gender Distribution of Breath-Age and Gender Distribution of Breath-hold Incident Victims in 2004 (N = 22)hold Incident Victims in 2004 (N = 22)

Age and Gender Distribution of Breath-Age and Gender Distribution of Breath-hold Incident Victims in 2004 (N = 22)hold Incident Victims in 2004 (N = 22)

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

< 20 20-29 30-39 40-49 50-59 60-69 70-79

Female

Male

Nu

mbe

r of

Cas

es

Age (years)

2006

D

AN

RE

PO

RT


DANDANDANDANRecovery Depth of Body by Depth for Fatal Recovery Depth of Body by Depth for Fatal

Breath-hold Incident Victims in 2004Breath-hold Incident Victims in 2004Recovery Depth of Body by Depth for Fatal Recovery Depth of Body by Depth for Fatal

Breath-hold Incident Victims in 2004Breath-hold Incident Victims in 2004

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

0 1-19 20-39 40-59 60-79 80-99

N = 14

Nu

mbe

r of

Cas

es

Recovery Depth (ft)

Documents

2006 DAN REPORT Copyright 2006 Divers Alert Network DANDAN Epidemiology of Diving Accidents and Deaths 2006 Report (2004 Data)