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2010 Commonwealth Games
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaThe 2010 Commonwealth
Games, officially known as the XIXCommonwealth Games, were
heldinDelhi,India, from 3 to 14 October 2010. A total of 6,081
athletes from 71Commonwealth nations anddependenciescompeted in 21
sports and 272 events. It was the largest internationalmulti-sport
eventto bestaged in Delhi and India, eclipsing theAsian
Gamesin1951and1982.Theopeningand closing ceremonies were held at
theJawaharlal Nehru Stadium, the main stadium of theevent. It was
the first time that the Commonwealth Games were held in India and
the second time it was heldin Asia afterKuala
Lumpur,Malaysiain1998. The official mascot of the Games wasSheraand
the officialsong of the Games, "Jiyo Utho Bado Jeeto", was composed
by celebrated Indian musicianA.R. Rahman.Initially,several concerns
and controversiessurfaced before the start of the Games. Despite
these concerns,all member nations of theCommonwealth of
Nationsparticipated in the event, exceptFiji, which is
suspendedfrom the Commonwealth, andTokelau, which didn't send a
team. A widely-praisedopening ceremonyhelpedimprove the image of
the Games.[2][3]The concerns raised during the buildup to the Games
proved largelyunfounded as most events progressed smoothly. The
finalmedal tallywas led byAustralia. The host nationIndia gave
itsstrongest performance yetto emerge second, whileEnglandplaced
third. The day after theconclusion of the Games, the Indian
Government announced the formation of a special
investigationcommittee to probe the allegations of corruption and
mismanagement that had marred the buildup to
theGames.[4][5][edit]Bidding
The two principal bids for the 2010 Commonwealth Games were from
Delhi, India andHamilton, Ontario,Canada. A ballot of members was
held in November 2003 at theCommonwealth Games
FederationGeneralAssembly inMontego Bay,Jamaica. Delhi bid won by a
margin of 46 votes to 22, confirming India's firstsuccessful bid
for the Games. The bid was Canada's attempt to hold the games for
the fifth time.[6][7][8]India'sbid motto was New Frontiers and
Friendships.[9]India shifted the balance in its favour in the
second round of voting with a promise that it would
provideUS$100,000 to each participating country, along with air
tickets, boarding, lodging and transport.[10]Thesuccessful2003
Afro-Asian Gamesheld in Hyderabad was also seen as having showed
India has theresources, infrastructure and technical know-how to
stage a big sporting event. India also thanked Latif Butt,former
vice president of the Olympic Council of Asia, for his support in
the winning bid, by saying, "You playeda vital role in the
Commonwealth Games 2010 being allotted to India. Such actions are
worthy of emulation byall concerned in Pakistan and India. I have
no doubt that if both sides continue to live by such ideals, one
day,
sooner than later our generations to come will reap the benefits
of and be grateful to those making suchcontributions. You would
certainly be such person."[9]The Indian government stated that it
would underwritethe total cost of the
Games.[11][edit]Organisation
[edit]Organising committeeThe organisation was beset by delays:
in January 2010, the Indian Olympic Association vice-chairman
RajaRandhir Singh expressed concern that Delhi was not up to speed
in forming and organising its gamescommittee and, following a
2009Indian Governmentreport showing two thirds of venues were
behindschedule,Commonwealth Games Federationpresident Mike Fennell
stated that the slow progress ofpreparations represented a serious
risk to the event.[12]Singh called for a revamp of the games'
organisingcommittees:[13]Jarnail Singh, a former Secretary of the
Government of India, was appointed as the ChiefExecutive Officer
andIndian Olympic AssociationpresidentSuresh Kalmadiwas appointed
as head of the
committee.[14]
In spite of delays and the corruption cases levied on the
organisors, commentators stated thatthey were confident that India
will successfully host the games and do so on time.[15][16]At the
launch of the Queens Baton Relay in October 2009, the Business Club
of India (BCI) was formedthrough the partnership of the organising
committee, theConfederation of Indian Industry(CII)
andtheFederation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and
Industry(FICCI). The BCI was formed to both market theGames and
promote Indian business interests
internationally.[17][edit]Costs
Terminal 3,Indira Gandhi International AirportThe initial total
budget estimated byIndian Olympic Associationin 2003 for hosting
the Games was 16.2billion (US$364.5 million) but escalated official
total budget estimation in 2010 became 115 bn ($2.6 B),which
excludes non-sports-related infrastructure development in the city
such as airports, city beautification
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amaicahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_Commonwealth_Games#cite_note-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_Commonwealth_Games#cite_note-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_Commonwealth_Games#cite_note-7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_Commonwealth_Games#cite_note-7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_Commonwealth_Games#cite_note-dailytimes-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_Commonwealth_Games#cite_note-dailytimes-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_Commonwealth_Games#cite_note-dailytimes-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_Commonwealth_Games#cite_note-Theworldreporter.com-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_Commonwealth_Games#cite_note-Theworldreporter.com-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_Commonwealth_Games#cite_note-Theworldreporter.com-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2003_Afro-Asian_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2003_Afro-Asian_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2003_Afro-Asian_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_Commonwealth_Games#cite_note-dailytimes-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_Commonwealth_Games#cite_note-dailytimes-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_Commonwealth_Games#cite_note-dailytimes-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_Commonwealth_Games#cite_note-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_Commonwealth_Games#cite_note-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_Commonwealth_Games#cite_note-10http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2010_Commonwealth_Games&action=edit§ion=2http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2010_Commonwealth_Games&action=edit§ion=2http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2010_Commonwealth_Games&action=edit§ion=2http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2010_Commonwealth_Games&action=edit§ion=3http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2010_Commonwealth_Games&action=edit§ion=3http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2010_Commonwealth_Games&action=edit§ion=3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Governmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Governmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Governmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commonwealth_Games_Federationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commonwealth_Games_Federationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commonwealth_Games_Federationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_Commonwealth_Games#cite_note-bbc_cg-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_Commonwealth_Games#cite_note-bbc_cg-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_Commonwealth_Games#cite_note-bbc_cg-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_Commonwealth_Games#cite_note-reuters_cg-12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_Commonwealth_Games#cite_note-reuters_cg-12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jarnail_Singhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jarnail_Singhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jarnail_Singhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Olympic_Associationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Olympic_Associationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Olympic_Associationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suresh_Kalmadihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suresh_Kalmadihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suresh_Kalmadihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_Commonwealth_Games#cite_note-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_Commonwealth_Games#cite_note-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_Commonwealth_Games#cite_note-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_Commonwealth_Games#cite_note-telegraph_cg-14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_Commonwealth_Games#cite_note-telegraph_cg-14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_Commonwealth_Games#cite_note-telegraph_cg-14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confederation_of_Indian_Industryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confederation_of_Indian_Industryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confederation_of_Indian_Industryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federation_of_Indian_Chambers_of_Commerce_and_Industryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federation_of_Indian_Chambers_of_Commerce_and_Industryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federation_of_Indian_Chambers_of_Commerce_and_Industryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_Commonwealth_Games#cite_note-16http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_Commonwealth_Games#cite_note-16http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_Commonwealth_Games#cite_note-16http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2010_Commonwealth_Games&action=edit§ion=4http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2010_Commonwealth_Games&action=edit§ion=4http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2010_Commonwealth_Games&action=edit§ion=4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indira_Gandhi_International_Airporthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indira_Gandhi_International_Airporthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indira_Gandhi_International_Airporthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Olympic_Associationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Olympic_Associationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Olympic_Associationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_rupeehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_rupeehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:T3_retail_2.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_rupeehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_rupeehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:T3_retail_2.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_rupeehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_rupeehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:T3_retail_2.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian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and roads.[18]Business Todaymagazine estimated that the Games
cost 300 bn ($6.8 bn).[19]The 2010Commonwealth Games are the most
expensive Commonwealth Games ever.[20][edit]TransportFurther
information:Transport in Delhi
Road Transport, DelhiDelhiproposed a four-lane, 2.2 km
underground stretch fromLodhi Roadto trans-Yamuna, linking
theGamesVillageto theJawaharlal Nehru Stadiumand reducing
travelling time between thevillageand the Stadium to
six minutes.Delhi Metro
DelhiGurgaon Expressway, DelhiIn response to concerns over the
large number of trains that pass by the Delhi metropolitan region
daily,construction of road under-bridges and over-bridges along
railway lines has been started. To expand roadinfrastructure,
flyovers, cloverleaf flyovers, and bridges have been planned to
improve links for the Games andcity in general. Road-widening
projects have begun with an emphasis being placed on expanding
nationalhighways. To improve traffic flow on existing roads, plans
are underway to make both the inner and outer Ringroads signal
free.To support its commitment to mass transport, nine corridors
have been identified and are being constructed asHigh Capacity Bus
Systems (for example, one from Ambedkar Nagar toRed Fort). Six of
these corridors areexpected to be operational in 2010.
Additionally, TheDelhi Metrowill be expanded to accommodate
more
people and boost the use of public transport during the 2010
games. The metro will extend toGurgaonandtheNoidaarea. For this
large increase in the size of the network, Delhi Metro will deploy
14tunnel boringmachines.[21]Indira Gandhi International Airportis
being modernised, expanded, and upgraded. Costing nearly
$1.95billion,Terminal 3has improved airport passenger capacity to
more than 37 million passengers a year by2010. A new runway has
been constructed, allowing for more than 75 flights an hour. At
more than 4400metres long, it will be one of Asia's longest.The
airport will be connected to the city via a six-lane expressway
(DelhiGurgaon Expressway) and the $580millionDelhi Airport Metro
Expressline.[22][edit]Green Games
Logo for the Delhi 2010 Commonwealth Games being recognised as
the first ever "Green Commonwealth
Games"The organisers signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU)
with the United Nations EnvironmentProgramme to show the intention
to host a "sustainable games" and to take the environment into
considerationwhen constructing and renovating venues. Thyagaraj
Stadium is intended to be a key example ofenvironmentally
considered construction.In opposition to this intention, a number
of environmental controversies arose and the adverse
ecologicalimpact of various aspects of the games have been
protested by city residents.[23][24]City residents filed a
publicinterest petition to theSupreme Court of Indiaagainst the
felling of 'heritage' trees in theSiri Fortarea to makeway for
Games facilities. The court appointed architectCharles Correato
assess the impact and he severelycriticised the designs on
ecological grounds.[25]In spite of this, in April 2009 the Supreme
Court allowed theconstruction on the grounds that "much time had
been lost" and "the damage already caused to theenvironment could
not be undone".[26][27]
The Commonwealth Games village, located on the flood plains of
theYamuna, has also been the subject ofcontroversies about the
flouting of ecological norms.[28]After a prolonged legal battle
between city residents andthe state, construction was permitted to
continue on the basis of an order of the Supreme Court of India in
July2009, which held that the government had satisfied the
requirements of "due process of the law" by issuingpublic notice of
its intention to begin construction work in September 1999 (a date
four years prior to theacceptance of Delhi's bid for the
games).[29][edit]Other preparationIn preparation for an influx of
English-speaking tourists for the Games, the Delhi government is
implementing aprogram to teach English, and the necessary skills
for serving tourists, to key workerssuch as cab drivers,security
workers, waiters, porters, and service staff. In the two years
prior to the Games 2,000 drivers weretaught English. The program
aims to teach 1,000 people English per month in the hope of
reaching all key
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workers by March 2010. In addition to Delhi, the Indian
Government plans to expand the program to teachpeople in local
tourist destinations in other parts of India.[30]To prepare for the
energy-usage spike during the Games and to end chronicpower
cutsinDelhi, thegovernment is undertaking a large power-production
initiative to increase power production to 7,000 MW (fromthe
current 4,500 MW). To achieve this goal, the government plans to
streamline the power distributionprocess, direct additional energy
to Delhi, and construct new power plants. In fact, the government
haspromised that by the end of 2010, Delhi will have a surplus of
power.[31]In addition to physical preparation, India will offer
free accommodation for all athletes at theGames Village, aswell as
free transport and other benefits, such as a free trip to the
famedTaj Mahaland a reserved lane for
participants on selected highways.[32]TheGames Villagewill house
over 8,000 athletes and officials for theGames. Indian states will
train state police forces to handle tourist-related issues and
deploy them prior to theGames. A large-scale construction and
"beautification" project has resulted in the demolition of hundreds
ofhomes and the displacement of city dwellersat least 100,000 of
New Delhis 160,000 homeless people haveremoved from shelters, some
of which have been demolished.[33][34]Bamboo screens have been
erectedaround city slums to separate visitors from the sights of
the slums,[35]a practice which human rightscampaigners have deemed
dishonest and immoral.[36]TheDelhi High Courtis set to implement a
series of "mobile courts" to be dispatched throughout Delhi
torelocate migrant beggars from Delhi streets. The mobile courts
would consider each beggar on a case-by-casebasis to determine
whether the beggar should be sent back to his/her state of
residence, or be permitted toremain in
government-shelters.[37][edit]Symbols
[edit]MascotMain article:Shera (mascot)The official mascot for
the 2010 Commonwealth Games isShera,
ananthropomorphisedtiger.[38]His namecomes from "Sher", ahindiword
meaning tiger (Hindi "Bagh" means tiger. However, Sher is
colloquially usedfor both lion and tiger). The logo and the look
for the games were designed byIdiom Design andConsulting.There is
one song for Shera also composed by the popular composer of INDIA
the song containsinitiative "Shera Shera"[39]The mascot Shera is
visiting many schools across Delhi to create enthusiasm and
interest for theCommonwealth Games being held .[edit]Official
songMain article:Jiyo Utho Bado JeetoThe official song of the 2010
Commonwealth Games "Jiyo Utho Bado Jeeto" was composed and
performed bytheIndianmusicianA. R. Rahman.[40]The song's title is
based on the slogan of the games, "Come out andplay". The song is
penned byMehboobin Hindi with a sprinkling of English words. It was
released on 28
August 2010. The music video, directed byBharath Balawas
released on 23 September and featured ashorter version of the song.
A. R. Rahman also gave a live concert for the theme song in Gurgaon
, Haryanawhich was previewed on various news channels . The
official video of the song has been released on youtube
[edit]Queen's Baton relay
TheQueen's Baton Relaybegan when the baton, which containsQueen
Elizabeth II's message to the athletesleftBuckingham Palaceon 29
October 2009. The baton arrived at the 2010 Games opening ceremony
on 3October 2010, after visiting the other 54 nations of the
Commonwealth and travelling throughout India,reaching millions of
people to join in the celebrations for the Games.The baton arrived
in India on 25 June2010 through the Wagah Border crossing from
Pakistan.[41]
The baton was designed by Michael Foley, a graduate of the
National Institute of Design.
[42]
It is a triangularsection of aluminium twisted into ahelixshape
and then coated with coloured soils collected from all theregions
of India. The coloured soils are a first for the styling of a
Queen's Baton. A jewel-encrusted box wasused to house the Queen's
message, which was laser-engraved onto a miniature 18 carat gold
leafrepresentative of the ancient Indian 'patras. The Queen's baton
is ergonomically contoured for ease of use. It is664 millimetres
(26.1 in) high, 34 millimetres (1.3 in) wide at the base, and 86
millimetres (3.4 in) wide at thetop and weighs 1,900 grams (67
oz).The Queen's baton has a number of technological features
including: The ability to capture images and sound Global
positioning system(GPS) technology so the baton's location can be
tracked Embeddedlight emitting diodes(LEDs) which will change into
the colours of a countrys flag whilst in that
country
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