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10
GM
N A
nnual
Confe
rence
March 15, 2010
Joe Behaylo, Open Society InstituteChad Gorski, Howard Hughes Medical Institute
GMN Body of Knowledge All You Need to Know!
Session Outline
• Review of BOK Validation Survey
• BOK Exercise: Self-Assessments
• Certification Program Plan
• Q & A
Review of BOK Process
What is the Body of Knowledge?A compendium of what an individual must know to accomplish work in the field of grants management
How was it compiled? Panel of 12 recognized experts representative of the field drafted iteratively over one year
What does it consist of?A 33-page outline of 12 domains and 89 topics
How was it validated?Online survey that ran Jan/Feb with 213 completed responses (of 310)
BOK Task Force Membership
Joe Behaylo, Open Society InstituteCorey Davis, Boston FoundationArmanda Famiglietti, Nathan Cummings
FoundationAdrienne Fisher, Doris Duke Charitable FoundationAnn Gael, Lavelle Fund for the BlindChad Gorski, Howard Hughes Medical InstituteMeridian Napoli, Comcast FoundationJanice Opalski, Robert Wood Johnson FoundationSheila Jenson, Target FoundationSuzanne Shea, Ford FoundationDee Slater, Dekko FoundationRikard Treiber, Carnegie Corporation
BOK Domains
1. Nonprofits and Philanthropy 2. Guidelines and Applications 3. Grantmaking Practices 4. Monitoring and Evaluation 5. Accounting and Financial Analysis 6. Legal and Tax Compliance 7. Staffing and Operations 8. Policies and Procedures 9. Project Management 10.Communication 11.Technology 12.Ethics
Sample Topic Outline
Transparency and accountability in the application process
1. Establishing customer service benchmarks2. Effective practices to monitor and consistently
meet service standards3. Communicating benchmarks and the review
process to applicants4. Principles of zero-based information gathering in
setting application requirements5. Common scenarios for flexible application
requirements 6. Characteristics of effective applicant screening
mechanisms
Survey Response Summary
Characteristics of the 213 respondentsTop-rated and lowest-rated TopicsControversial Domains and Topics
10-25% not applicable rating – no topics or domains to drop
Respondent commentsCrosstab analysis of responses
Position Type
Validation Survey Ratings Scale
“To what extent must grants management practitioners with basic competence master this knowledge?”
0 = NOT APPLICABLE Knowledge of this area is not required
1 = RECALL Ability to understand basic concepts and information encompassed by the knowledge area
2 = BASIC APPLICATION Ability to use and apply concepts from the knowledge area to conventional practice situations
3 = COMPLEX APPLICATION In-depth mastery of the knowledge area and the ability to apply it to complex or unique practice situations
Top 10 Topics
1. Handling funding requests2. How to maintain data integrity in the
grants management system3. Requirements for application contents4. Grant file and record maintenance5. Communicating with grantseekers and
grantees
Top 10 Topics (2)
6. Establishing and managing the grantmaking workflow
7. Program procedures8. Transparency and accountability in the
application process9. How to develop policies and procedures
within grants management10. Internal communications with board,
management, and staff
Bottom 10 Topics
80. Program-related investments81. Current state of the nonprofit sector82. Special topics in project management83. Grantee site visits84. Common variations in state laws that may
apply to grantmaker and grantees
Bottom 10 Topics (2)
85.Government-nonprofit relations86.Funding issues related to foreign nonprofits
and other vehicles for charitable activity87.Managing human resources88.Conducting pre-award site visits89.History of U.S. nonprofits and organized
philanthropy
Controversial Domains
Nonprofits and PhilanthropyMonitoring and EvaluationLegal ComplianceStaffing and OperationsProject Management
Controversial Domain #1
Nonprofits and Philanthropy
Average Question
2.07 History of U.S. nonprofits and organized philanthropy
2.65 Current state of the nonprofit sector
2.66 Current state of philanthropy
2.56 Government-nonprofit relations
3.13 IRS oversight of nonprofit sector
3.07 Nonprofit organizational issues
2.55Funding issues related to foreign nonprofits and other vehicles for charitable activity
2.67
Controversial Domain #2
Project Management
Average Question
2.84 Phases of the project lifecycle
2.78 Key activities in project management
2.67 Techniques for forming, leading and facilitating groups
2.68 Key project management concepts and terminology
2.61 Special topics in project management
3.27 Grants management project-specific challenges
2.81
Controversial Domain #3
Legal Compliance Average Question
3.04 IRS Forms and their purpose regarding grant activities
3.35 IRS determination and verification
2.91 Tipping public charities into private foundation status
3.19 Expenditure Responsibility grantmaking
2.84 IRS requirements for grants to individuals
2.99 Lobbying, advocacy and political campaign rules
2.90 Anti-terrorism finance guidelines for grantmaking
2.71 Requirements for international grantmaking
3.19 Fiscal sponsorship and fiscal agency
2.66 Program-related investments
3.01 Distinctions in grantmaking legal requirements for major categories of grantmaking organization
2.98 Contract law and commonly included terms in a grant agreement
2.58 Common variations in state laws that may apply to grantmaker and grantees
3.04 Current legislation and IRS regulations that may change due diligence requirements and processes
2.96
Controversial Domain #4
Monitoring and Evaluation
Average Question
3.04 Relation and distinction between monitoring and evaluation
3.33 Infrastructure for report collection, review, dissemination and evaluation
3.18 How to identify and address common issues in report content
2.59 Grantee site visits
3.00 Other midterm monitoring
2.93 Evaluation basics
2.95 Development of a monitoring and evaluation plan
2.95 Implementation of the evaluation plan
3.17 Documentation and utilization of the final assessment of the grant
3.48 Closeout of a grant
3.06
Controversial Domain #5
Staffing and Operations
Average Question
2.54 Managing human resources (hiring, managing, retaining staff)
3.58 Establishing and managing the grantmaking workflow
3.61 Grant file and record maintenance
2.69 Grants management staffing models at different foundations
3.10
Controversial Topics
Requirements for international grantmakingIRS requirements for grants to individuals Managing human resources (hiring,
managing, retaining staff)Funding issues related to foreign nonprofits
and other vehicles for charitable activity
Comments on the Rating Scale…
“The level of knowledge required depends on the Grants Management function within an organization as well as the individual's role within the department.”
“…the questions did not adequately identify the exact role / level of responsibility you were asking about.”
“Two years competence seems like a really short amount of time…”
GM Ownership of Task/Domain…
“We rely on our program officers, legal department and evaluators to make many of the decisions that this survey indicates might be taken on by the grants manager.”
“In this body of knowledge outline are included all the responsibilities of our entire staff and the Board of Trustees as well.”
“Project management would be a useful skill to have in any position, not specific to philanthropy.”
BOK and My Foundation…
“Our foundation does not make grants to individuals or other countries, so I indicated "not applicable" for those. However, I'm sure this would be important for other foundations.”
“As a corporate giving grant maker, 75% of our giving is event/sponsorship and the remainder is unrestricted contributions.”
“This is my fourth Foundation/grants management position and I have never been responsible for evaluation, grantee site visits, project management…”
The BOK and Certification…
“Communication is such a complex area, but it is a VITAL component of a grants manager's work. I don't know how you could possibly begin to measure and assess knowledge in this area.”
“I was almost afraid to say "complex application" for fear that when tested on a particular area that doesn't exactly fall under my area of responsibility, I wouldn't be able to pass it”
Potential Uses of a BOK
• Course curricula
• University programs in grants management
• Professional certification
• Programming for conference sessions, webinars, regional meetings
• Publications: books, articles, white papers
• Self-assessment tools for professionals • Framework for research & innovative practices
What about a Certification Program for Grants Managers?
Certification Program Goals
Provide Independent Verification of Skills and Knowledge
Promote an enhanced network of professionals
Raise Professionalism of the field
Common Elements of Professions
Training and Specialized StudyContext of Government RegulationResponsibility to Public InterestEthical StandardsBest Practices and Advancement Shared Body of Knowledge
GMN Certification – Program Draft
Eligibility: 2 years experience GMN membership not required.
$495 exam feePaper-based examRe-Certification:
CPE credits or re-examination every 3 years
Target Market
Any grants management professionals at any U.S. grantmaking institution
Tier 1 – GMN membersTier 2 – non-GMN membersTier 3 – Supervisors and Philanthropic Stakeholders
In nearly all categories, over 75% of survey respondents would “definitely” or “probably” pursue certification. - 2008 GMN Certification Market Research Survey
Certification Motivations & Benefits
Motivations63% - to support professionalization of field59% - to keep current on changes in the field59% - verification of my knowledge/skills33% - increased visibility 21% - raises & promotions
Benefits50% - strengthen GM community45% - curriculum would strengthen
programming16% - greater job security, raises, promotions
Reasons for Not Pursuing Certification
57 respondents indicated they would not pursue certification because:
“It will not enhance salary & promotions”“It will not improve job performance”“Employers will not support it”
But half of the 57 indicated their likelihood would increase with broader employer “recognition” and “encouragement”
Analysis of Educational Alternatives
Forum of RAGS Report
2007 Grantmaker Education Gap Analysis Report
Examined educational offerings in 2005 thru: 31 regional associations 40 national affinity groups 11 national research and education orgs 10 university and college programs
“the lowest relative levels of grantmaker education are in the administration function”
Potential Certification Products and Services
More robust grants management curriculumStudy-guide materialsWebinars/SeminarsRegional/Sector Study GroupsSelf-Assessment and PD/Career Planning
toolsScholarships, Awards, and Recognition
programs
Program Governance and Operations
Autonomous oversight structureJob Practice AnalysisCurriculum & Product DevelopmentExam Development/Pilot/RevisionStaffing and Customer Service WorkflowsTest AdministrationFundraising and Marketing PlansEvaluation Plan
Implementation Timeline
2010 – BOK integration, Curriculum Development, Job Practice Analysis, Market Research, Recruit Program Leadership
2011 – Establish Governance Structure, Develop Eligibility and Appeals Policies, Curriculum Development & Exam Development
2012 – Launch Curriculum, Outreach to Tiers 1-3, Pilot Exam
2013 – Begin offering full exams
Ten-Year Vision
Over 450 certified grants managers by 2019$1.2 million in program expenses (60%
funded by project grants/40% funded by program revenues)
Cost = Less than $2,500 per certified individual
Spillover benefits to all GMN membersMore clearly identified GM role
Next Steps
Fundraising for Start-up Costs ($300k in Yrs 1-2)
Volunteers needed for: Linking resources to BOK and developing glossary Curriculum Development Marketing Program Leadership Exam Development
Acknowledgements
Business Plan Volunteers:
Ignacio Estrada, Gordon & Betty Moore Foundation
Christopher Hubbard, California Community Foundation
Cathy Luce, Maine Health Access FoundationMeridian Napoli, Comcast CorporationDorothy Reed, CIGNA FoundationGayle Roth, Weyerhaeuser Family Foundation
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