2011 Burma Earthquake

Date 20:25:23,

24 March 2011

(UTC+06:30)

Duration 1 minute

Magnitude 6.9 Mw

Depth 10 km (6.21 mi)

Epicenter 20.705°N 99.949°E

Countries or

regions

Burma, Thailand, Laos,

China, Vietnam

Max. intensity Mercalli IX

Casualties 151 killed, 212 injured[1]

2011 Burma earthquake

USGS ShakeMap of theearthquake, showing shakingintensity.

2011 Burma earthquakeFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The 2011 Burma earthquake (Burmese: ၂၀၁၁�မန�မ�ငလ�င�) was a magnitude 6.9 earthquake on24 March 2011 that had its epicenter in the eastof Shan State in Burma (Myanmar) with ahypocenter 10 km deep.[2] It had twoaftershocks, one of magnitude 4.8, another atmagnitude 5.4[3] and two subsequent shock atmagnitude 5.0 and 6.2. The quake's epicentrewas 70 miles (110 km) from the northern Thaicity of Chiang Rai, north of Mae Sai andsoutheast of Kentung.[4]

Contents

1 Geology2 Casualties3 Aftermath4 References5 External links

Geology

The earthquakeoccurred in anarea of complextectonics causedby the continuingcollision betweenthe northwardmovingIndo-AustralianPlate and theEurasian Plate,which createdthe Arakan Yomamountains. Inthis zone ofhighly obliquecollision, most ofthe motion isaccommodated

Coordinates: 20.705°N 99.949°E

2011 Burma earthquake - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2011_Burma_earthquake

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A road damaged by theearthquake in Tarlay, ShanState

The earthquake destroyeddozens of houses in ShanState

by the north-south trending Sagaing fault, a major dextral (right lateral) strike-slip faultthat runs through the western and central part of Burma. The remaining component ofshortening across this zone causes distributed deformation of eastern Burma andThailand extending into Laos. This deformation is partly accommodated by a set ofsouthwest-northeast trending sinistral (left lateral) strike-slip faults.[5] The faultsclosest to the epicenter of the earthquake are the Mae Chan and Nam Ma faults.[6] Thefocal mechanism for this earthquake is consistent with left-lateral movement on one ofthese faults,[2] away from the main zones of seismic activity in Burma.[7] Other recentsignificant earthquakes in this area included the 2011 Yunnan earthquake and the 2007Laos earthquake.[8] According to the Earth Observatory of Singapore, it appears likelythat the earthquake was caused by motion on the western segment of the Nan MaFault.[9]

Casualties

Early reports suggested that at least 10 people werekilled by quake-triggered landslides in the town ofTachileik, including a child, as well as Tarpin to its north,both in Shan State, northeastern Burma.[10] Anotherperson was killed in Mae Sai, Thailand, near theBurmese border.[11] At least three injuries were reportedin Burma.

After sunrise, the casualty toll increased to 24 in Burma,in addition to the one fatality in Thailand. Officialswarned that the death toll is likely to rise.[12] Later,death toll rose to 74 killed in Burma and 1 in Thailand,[13][14] while 111 people were injured. In Tarlay, locatedbetween Tachileik and Mong Hpyak, at least 40 werekilled when 130 houses collapsed. Vertical displacementof 1.5 metres in subsidence was observed in the area.[15]

The Bangkok Post reported on 27 March 2011 that thedeath toll was "over 150", which is double the officialfigure of 75.[16][17]

Aftermath

Temporary evacuations of tall buildings took place inChiang Rai, Menghai County in Yunnan, Nanning inGuangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, and in Hanoi of

Vietnam.[18][19] At least one bridge is reported collapsed in Myanmar.[20] In total, 390residential homes, 14 monasteries and 9 government buildings were destroyed. InMonglin, at least 128 homes were reduced to rubble.[21] According to the United StatesGeological Survey's population exposure data, the final damages from the earthquakeare most likely to be slightly under USD $100 million.[22]


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References

^ "CATDAT Damaging EarthquakesDatabase 2011 – Annual Review"(http://earthquake-report.com/2012/01/09/catdat-damaging-earthquakes-database-2011-annual-review/).Earthquake Report. 9 January 2012.Retrieved 14 January 2012.

1.

^ a b Magnitude 6.8 – MYANMAR(http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/recenteqsww/Quakes/usc0002aes.php)

2.

^ Earthquakes, USGS. "Magnitude 5.4 –MYANMAR" (http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/recenteqsww/Quakes/usc0002ahm.php). United StatesGeological Survey. Earthquake HazardsProgram. Archived (http://web.archive.org/web/20110331011145/http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/recenteqsww/Quakes/usc0002ahm.php)from the original on 31 March 2011.Retrieved 24 March 2011.

3.

^ "North-east Burma hit by two 7.0magnitude earthquakes"(http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-pacific-12852237). BBC. 24 March2011. Archived (http://web.archive.org/web/20110324221647/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-pacific-12852237) from the original on 24 March2011. Retrieved 24 March 2011.

4.

^ USGS (12 May 2012). "Magnitude 6.9 -MYANMAR:Earthquake Summary"(http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/recenteqsww/Quakes/usc0002aes.php#summary). UnitedStates Geological Survey. Retrieved 11November 2012.

5.

^ Morley, C.K. (2007). "Variations in LateCenozoic–Recent strike-slip and oblique-extensional geometries, within Indochina:The influence of pre-existing fabrics"(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6V9D-4KW5W52-1&_user=10&_coverDate=01%2F31%2F2007&_rdoc=1&_fmt=high&_orig=gateway&_origin=gateway&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_searchStrId=1693763498&_rerunOrigin=scholar.google&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=aa50b2ae9c07cf4982675528f181c1a9&searchtype=a). Journal of StructuralGeology 29 (1).Bibcode:2007JSG....29...36M(http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007JSG....29...36M).doi:10.1016/j.jsg.2006.07.003(http://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jsg.2006.07.003). Retrieved25 March 2011.

6.

^ Hazard Risk Profile, ASEAN."Earthquake"(http://www.aseanpostnargiskm.org/disaster-risk-management/hazard-risk-profile/earthquake). Post NargisKnowledge Management Portal. DisasterRisk Management. Retrieved 24 March2011.

7.

^ USGS, 16 May 2007. "M6.3 – Laos"(http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/dyfi/events/us/2007ckan/us/index.html).United States Geological Survey. Did YouFeel It?. Retrieved 25 March 2011.

8.

^ http://www.earthobservatory.sg/media/news-and-features/295-myanmar-earthquake-of-march-24th-magnitude-68.html

9.


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^ Yan, Xinhuanet (25 March 2011). "Atleast 10 killed in 7.0-magnitude quake inMyanmar" (http://news.xinhuanet.com/english2010/world/2011-03/25/c_13796741.htm). Xinhua. Archived(http://web.archive.org/web/20110501040445/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english2010/world/2011-03/25/c_13796741.htm) from theoriginal on 1 May 2011. Retrieved 24March 2011.

10.

^ News, BNO (24 March 2011). "Powerfulearthquake rocks Myanmar, deathsreported" (http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2011/3/25/worldupdates/2011-03-24T232720Z_01_NOOTR_RTRMDNC_0_-558532-5&sec=Worldupdates).Channel 6 News Thailand. Retrieved 24March 2011.

11.

^ Reuters, TVNZ (25 March 2011)."Myanmar quake toll rises to 25"(http://tvnz.co.nz/world-news/myanmar-quake-toll-rises-25-4086417). TVNZ.Retrieved 25 March 2011.

12.

^ Reuters, JPost (25 March 2011). "Quakekills 74 in Myanmar, aftershock rattlesThailand" (http://www.jpost.com/Headlines/Article.aspx?id=213832). TheJerusalem Post. Retrieved 25 March 2011.

13.

^ Asia, World (25 March 2011). "At least75 killed in Burma quake: officials"(http://www.bangkokpost.com/news/world/228607/at-least-75-killed-in-burma-quake). Bangkok Post. Retrieved 25March 2011.

14.

^ Zhang, Xiang (25 March 2011). "40killed in Tarlay in Myanmar quake"(http://news.xinhuanet.com/english2010/world/2011-03/25/c_13797933.htm).Xinhua. Retrieved 25 March 2011.

15.

^ Bangprapa, Mongkol; KultidaSsmabuddhi (27 March 2011). "Burmesequake toll 'over 150' – Journalist Tells ofChaotic Relief Scene"(http://www.bangkokpost.com/news/local/228786/burmese-quake-toll-over-150).The Bangkok Post. Retrieved 3 April 2011.

16.

^ http://www.bangkokpost.com/news/local/228786/burmese-quake-toll-over-150

17.

^ AFP, South Asia (25 March 2011). "Twodead as strong quake hits Myanmar:Officials" (http://www.straitstimes.com/BreakingNews/SEAsia/Story/STIStory_649081.html). The StraitsTimes. Retrieved 24 March 2011.

18.

^ Yan, Xinhuanet (25 March 2011)."Myanmar quake rocks part of southChina" (http://news.xinhuanet.com/english2010/china/2011-03/25/c_13796749.htm). Xinhua. Retrieved24 March 2011.

19.

^ Htay, Hla Hla (25 March 2011).y.com.au/breaking-news-world/two-dead-as-strong-quake-hits-burma-20110325-1c8ra.html "Two dead as strongquake hits Burma" (http://www.watoda).WA today. Retrieved 24 March 2011.

20.

^ Fang, Yang (25 March 2011). "Death tollof Myanmar's earthquake rises to 74, 111people injured"(http://news.xinhuanet.com/english2010/world/2011-03/25/c_13798341.htm).Xinhua. Retrieved 25 March 2011.

21.

^ Earthquakes, USGS. "PAGER – M 6.8 –MYANMAR" (http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/pager/events/us/c0002aes/index.html). United States GeologicalSurvey. PAGER. Retrieved 25 March 2011.

22.

External links

Earth Observatory of Singapore: Myanmar earthquake of 24 March – Magnitude6.8 (Regional Tectonics Explained) (http://www.earthobservatory.sg/media/news-and-features/295-myanmar-earthquake-of-march-24th-magnitude-68.html)Earthquake Report (http://earthquake-report.com/2011/04/01/myanmar-deadly-earthquake-702-houses-damaged-3152-people-homeless-and-18000-people-affected/)


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2011 Burma Earthquake