2011 CH12 Reformation

8/7/2019 2011 CH12 Reformation

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The major goal ofhumanism innorthern Europe

was to reformChristendom.

Main Ideas

The Protestant ReformationThe Protestant Reformation

Martin Luthers

religious reformsled to theemergence of

Protestantism.


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I do not accept the authority

of popes and councils my

conscience is captive to the

word of God. Here I stand

and I can not do otherwise.

God help me. Amen. Martin Luther April 18Martin Luther April 18thth, 1521, 1521


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The Protestant ReformationThe Protestant Reformation

Christian humanistsChristian humanistsbelieved in the ability ofhuman beings to reasonreasonand improveand improvethemselvesthemselves.

They wanted to reformreformthe Catholic Church.

This reform would occurthrough developing innerinnerpietypiety, or religious feeling,based on studying theworks of Christianity not rules & ritualsnot rules & rituals.


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Erasmus and Christian HumanismErasmus and Christian Humanism

The

best knownChristian humanist

was DesideriusDesideriusErasmus.Erasmus.

He developed what hecalled the philosophy ofthe philosophy ofChrist,Christ, meant to show

people how to live goodlives on a daily basisrather than how to achievesalvation.


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Erasmus laid the egg that Luther hatched.Erasmus laid the egg that Luther hatched.

In his 1509 work The Praise of FollyThe Praise of Folly, he especially

criticized the monks.

He did not wish to break from the church,He did not wish to break from the church,

just reform it.just reform it.


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Between 1450 and 1520 a

series of popes failed tomeet the Churchs spiritualneeds.

They were moreconcerned with thepolitical interests of thePapal States.

Julius IIJulius II, the warrior-pope, even led armiesagainst his enemies.

Many people weredisgusted with him and theCatholic Church.

Religion on the Eve of the ReformationReligion on the Eve of the Reformation


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Church CorruptionChurch Corruption


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Church officials seemed ignorant of their

spiritual duties, especially instructing thefaithful on achieving: salvationsalvationacceptance into Heaven.acceptance into Heaven.

As a result, obtaining salvation becamealmost mechanical; by collecting relics, forexample.

Venerating a saint could gain an

indulgenceindulgencerelease from all or partof punishment for sinaccording to theChurch of the time.

Religion on the Eve of the ReformationReligion on the Eve of the Reformation


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IndulgencesIndulgences


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Johann Tetzels Slogan:Johann Tetzels Slogan:

As soon as the coin inAs soon as the coin in

the coffer rings, thethe coffer rings, thesoul from purgatorysoul from purgatory

springs!springs!


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MartinMartin

LutherLuther--

GermanyGermany


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95 Theses:95 Theses:

Posted them tothe door

Reform topicsfor debate


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Martin Lutherwas a monk andprofessorat the University ofWittenberg, where he lectured on the

Bible. Through his study of the Bible,

Luther came to reject theCatholic teaching that both faithand good works were necessary

for salvation.

He believed humandeeds were

powerless to affectGod and thatsalvation wasthrough faith alone.


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Show Luther Movie TrailerShow Luther Movie Trailer


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The Edict of Wormsmade Luther an outlawin the empire.

His books were to be burned and Lutherdelivered to the emperor.

Luthers local ruler,however, protectedhim.

Lutheranism became the first Protestant faith.


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The Reformation in England

Not religion but politics brought

about the English Reformation.

King Henry VIII wanted to divorcehis first wife, Catherine ofAragon,whom he thought could not give him

a male heir.

The pope was unwilling to annul(declare invalid) his marriage,however, and Henry turned toEnglands church courts.

The archbishop of Canterbury ruledthat Henrys marriage to Catherinewas null and void.


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Henry VIIIHenry VIII--King ofKing of

EnglandEngland

I need a divorce! (andI need a divorce! (and

a low carb diet)a low carb diet)


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Catherine ofCatherine of

AragonAragon

1st queen of KingHenry VIII

Could not bear amale heir to thethrone

All Children diedat childbirth

except forMary


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AnneAnne

BoleynBoleyn

In Catherine ofAragons court

Caught the eye of

Henry VIII Bore the

daughterE

lizabeth Could not

produce male heir- Anne Executed


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The Reformation in England (cont.)

Henry then married

Anne Boleyn, whowas crowned queenand who gave birthto a girl.

The child later

wouldbecomeQueen Elizabeth I.


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The Invisible Princess: ElizabethsThe Invisible Princess: Elizabeths

DiaryDiary


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The Wives of Henry VIIIThe Wives of Henry VIII


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Henry VIIIHenry VIII -- Marriage LengthsMarriage Lengths

The Wives ofThe Wives ofHenry VIIIHenry VIII


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The Anabaptists andEffects on the Role of Women

The radical Anabaptists

rejected the involvement ofthe state in church affairs.

To them the true Christianchurch was a voluntary

community of adultbelieverswho had undergone spiritual

rebirth and had then beenbaptized.

This belief in adult baptismseparated the Anabaptistsfrom both Catholics andProtestants, who baptized

infants.

Today the Anabaptists include:


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The Result of the Protestant

Reformation

Find your religion on thefollowing slides.

(do not need to copy tostudy for the test, just FYI)


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Prt t t

t li

i r Ot r

t r Ort

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Documents

2011 CH12 Reformation