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www.ingaero.uniroma1.it
2012-2013
LABORATORY OF EXPERIMENTAL AERODYNAMICS Main activities: Experimental Fluid Mechanics. Measurements of velocity, pressure and force on components and scaled models of airfoils, wings, cars, wind turbines (HAWT and VAWT), Micro Air Vehicles, bluff bodies. The tests are performed in the large subsonic wind tunnel with circular cross-section (up to 50 m/s maximum velocity), in a small transonic and supersonic jet facility (maximum Mach number 1.5) and in water jets (contraction jet, pipe jet and continuous and pulsed orifice jets with various shape and forcing). Tools: The experimental techniques which are employed are Pitot tubes single and multihole, pressure trasducer, Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) systems (2D and High-speed), continuous and pulsed Lasers, high-speed video cameras (up to 100.000 frames per second), cross-correlation video camera for PIV, commercial video e photo cameras, microscope with lenses and cameras for microPIV, Laser Doppler Anemometer (LDA) system, Hot Wire Anemometer (HWA) e Ultra-sound Anemometer (UA), force balance. Oil droplets generator for seeding (Laskin nozzle). Address: Laboratories of Fluid-dynamics, Faculty of Civil and Industrial Engineering, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Via Eudossiana 18, 00184, Roma, Italy (subway stop: line B, Colosseo or Cavour).
Coordinator G. P. Romano, [email protected] Via Eudossiana, 18
FLIGHT MECHANICS, GN&C LAB
Main activities: - Design and development of fixed and rotary wing RPV’s (Remotely Piloted Vehicles). Realization of drones powered by small thermal or electric engines. Autopilot design for vehicle and mission management. Control and guidance algorithms are realized and loaded into the onboard computer (OBC) using automatic code generation and implementation processes. The lab hosts the Sapienza Flight Team during the phases of design and realization of a radio-controlled aircraft for the AIAA/Cessna/ Raytheon Design, Build, Flight Competition taking place every year in the USA. - Flight simulation: a static flight simulator is used for testing and validation of mathematical models of different aircraft, for the practical applications of fundamental concepts on piloting techniques, and for procedural training - Design of attitude determination and control systems for small spacecraft. Matlab/Simulink family products are used for the synthesis and validation of control algorithms by real-time, hardware-in-the-loop- (HITL) simulation. OBC implementation is carried out by modern tools for control system prototyping Tools: - Workbenches and tools for designing and building small, lightweight aircraft - AscTec Hummingbird quadrotor featuring a easily programmable (using Simulink) High Level processor - dSPACE systems for flight control system prototyping and HITL simulation - CPU, GPS, I/O, power boards in PC/104 format for OBC development - Arduino board for flight control systems development Professional Flight Console with joke and pedals by Precision Flight Control, Inc., digital avionics and Garmin GNS 530W navigation system emulation for single and two-engine, turbo-prop or turbofan aircraft. Software: - Matlab and Simulink toolboxes and blocksets, dSPACE products - codes for aerodynamic analysis (Tornado, VSAERO) - codes for RPV’s management (QGroundControl, autopilot modes and functionalities).
Coordinator G. De Matteis Via Eudossiana, 18 Building A Dip. di Ingegneria Meccanica e Aerospaziale Room :31 tel: +39 06 44585210 For further information please contact: [email protected] Lab. Via Tiburtina, 205
VIBRATIONS EXPERIMENTAL LAB
Developments of experimental modal analysis technique based on both input/output and output-only measurements. Identification of structural dynamic properties from flying test and GVT of fixed wing and rotating wing vehicles. Environmental testing for design qualification and flight acceptance of space structures and mechanical components undergoing severe vibration level. Vibration reduction methods via PZT patches passively used. Developments of sensitivity based structural updating techniques and structural damage identification methods. Environmental Testing Dongling Air-Cooled Vibration Test composed by: ·Electro-dynamic shaker (ES-6-200 model) with the following specs: •random force (rms): 600kgf •shock force (pk): 1200kgf •sine force (pk): 600kgf •frequency range: DC to 2000 Hz ·Horizontal slip table (GT700M model) with effective mass of 56kg and size of (700x700)mm ·Square head expander (HE-300S-Mg model) with effective mass of 10kg and size of (300x300)mm ·LMS SCADAS III Dual-Channel Output module for both vibration control and signal generation ·Test.Lab software for sine control, random control (with also sine on random control), and shock control Research activities ·Experimental identification of dynamic behavior of space structures· ·Flight qualification of electronic/mechanical sub-system ·Dynamic characterization of innovative materials Exploitation of the Research activities Support to ·Academic courses (Space Structures, Space Materials, Space Technologies, Space Testing) ·Flight qualification of electronic/mechanical sub-system ·Dynamic characterization of innovative materials · ·Development of novel analysis/numerical methods (strong interaction with MSC Software, etc) · ·Development of novel testing methods (strong interaction with Siemens)
Coordinator G. Coppotelli Via Eudossiana, 18 Building E Dip. di Ingegneria Meccanica e Aerospaziale tel: +39 06 44585320 For further information please contact: [email protected]
AEROSPACE SYSTEMS LAB
Main activities: Design and development of techniques for the analysis of optical measurements of Earth orbiting objects. In particular the activity aims to the dynamical (Trajectory and Attitude motion) and physical (material, colour, shape, area-to-mass ratio) characterization of space debris. To achieve space debris optical measurements the laboratory produces and operates observatories dedicated to space debris measurements. Astrometry and photometry is persecuted exploiting a network of small observatories deployed all over Italy, multicolour photometry and spectroscopy is performed from the Loiano observatory in Bologna and in collaboration with the Cerro Tololo observatory of the University of Michigan. Moreover, the laboratory of Aerospace system design, manufacture and test components and subsystems for aircraft and spacecraft. In particular the activities in this field involve a system for supporting landing of airplanes, helicopters and drones based on optical tracing of the target and systems for testing microsatellite components as vacuum chamber and Helmholtz coils for simulating variable magnetic field. Tools: - Workbenches and tools for designing and building small spacecraft - COTS quadricopter - Vacuum chamber and Helmotz coil to simulate orbital environment - Hexapod rover with cameras and infrared radar for testing motion algorithms - CNC milling machine for production of small parts - Electronics development facility - Microcontrollers test bench (Arduino, raspberry, PIC) Software: - Matlab and Simulink toolboxes and blocksets, - Codes for astrodynamic analysis (STK, Astos) Tools for Cad and electronics design (CATIA, ORCAD, eagle).
Coordinator F. Piergentili Via Eudossiana, 18 Dip. di Ingegneria Meccanica e Aerospaziale tel: +39 06 44585344 For further information please contact: [email protected]
RADAR/TELECOMS EXPERIMENTAL LAB
Main activities: - Study, design and development of processing techniques for SAR system definition, SAR & ISAR high resolution focusing, SAR image information extraction, GMTI and multi-channel SAR, adaptive array radar, adaptive detectors for high resolution clutter echoes, advanced radar tracking - Study, design and development of experimental passive radar demonstrators, based on different waveforms of opportunity (e.g. FM radio, DVB, WiFi and GPS). The experimental passive radar receivers are realized with COTS components and are designed to be effective in various applications, ranging from air traffic control, to maritime surveillance, to road traffic monitoring, up to indoor location. Proper processing techniques are developed and tested to detect, localize, track and possibly classify targets moving in the surveyed scene by means of the conceived passive radar receivers. Tools: - CPUs, GPU, GPS receivers, ADS-B receiver, evaluation kits - 4 channels Oscilloscope - Multi-channels acquisition boards for experimental radar receivers - National Instruments Chassis equipped with • 2 down-converters (9 KHz - 2.7 GHz operating frequencies) • Dual-channel A/D converter (internal sampling frequency 100MHz,
external clock frequency available) • Clock signal generator (from 5 to 105 MHz) • signal generator and up-converter (250 KHz - 2.7 GHz operating
frequencies) - Electrical generator for power supply during acquisition campaigns - Commercial or custom-made antennas operating at VHF, UHF, S band and Wi-Fi frequencies. Software: - Matlab and Simulink - LabVIEW - Proprietary software for specific devices
Coordinator F. Lombardo
NUMERICAL PROPULSION LAB The Numerical Propulsion Lab has a long standing experience in all the various theoretical and numerical analysis tools which guide the design process of rocket engines employing liquid, solid or hybrid propellants. Such engines/motors are complex systems composed of numerous subsystems each with its own peculiar range of physical phenomena characterizing it, from gasdynamics phenomena, aero-acoustic phenomena, combustion of liquid or solid fuels, multi-phase flow effects, to heat exchange to surface erosion to turbulence and real gas effects. When the propulsion system is viewed as an integrated system, multidisciplinary approaches are generally used in order to analyze the interaction of each subsystem. A wide choice of numerical tools are employed in the Propulsion Lab, including in-house and commercial/open-source computational fluid dynamics codes, both for compressible steady/unsteady and low-Mach number reactive flows, even in complex geometries, which are selectively specialized and enriched with sub-models depending on the particular problem. The following is a list of topics currently being investigated in the Numerical Propulsion Lab: - Cooling channel flows in liquid rocket engines - Combustion of solid fuels in hybrid and solid rocket systems - Combustion instabilities in liquid rocket engines- Ablative thermal protection in solid motors and hybrid rocket engines - Satellite micro-propulsion systems- System analysis in liquid rocket engines - Supercritical turbulent combustion modeling - Combustion in multi-phase flows - Intrinsic instabilities in premixed flames - Chemical kinetics model reduction of complex hydrocarbon mechanisms - Pressure Oscillations in Solid Rocket Motors due to Vortex-sound - full 3D model & simplified modelling - Ignition Transient in Solid Rocket Motors - full 3D model & simplified modelling - Propellant Grain Design & Grain Burnback Analysis - Analysis & Reconstruction of Solid Rocket Motors Performance from Real Firings - Internal Ballistics of Solid Rocket Motors for Performance Evalutation - Launch Vehicle Aero-Thermo-Fluid-Dynamics
Coordinator F. Creta Via Eudossiana, 18 Dip. di Ingegneria Meccanica e Aerospaziale tel: +39 06 44585881 For further information please contact: [email protected]
COMPUTATIONAL AERODYNAMICS LAB LAB
Main purpose of Computational Aerodynamic Lab represents the ideal complement of a more theoretical class like Aerodynamics. The lecture course is an introduction to computational methods and tools in potential aerodynamics, using a practical approach. Most of the lectures learnt in Aerodynamics (e.g. Glauert’s thin profile theory) will be revitalized and revisited under a new light, showing unexpected potentialities.
Students will develop their own computational programs as well as use available software to conduct the following exercises: 1) Application of vortex method to a thin profile under steady conditions 2) Application of Hess-Smith method to profiles with finite thickness 3) Application of panel method to 3D finite-wing with wake modelling Basic knowledge of computer programming and Matlab (or FORTRAN) is required.
Coordinator F. Stella Via Eudossiana, 18 Building A Dip. di Ingegneria Meccanica e Aerospaziale tel: +39 06 44585220 Room 3 on the patio over the cloister For further information please contact: [email protected]
AIRCRAFT DESIGN LAB
Main Activities: - Introductory tools concerning the aircraft preliminary design. - Description of the different steps of an aircraft design - Mission profile and design of the preliminary aircraft -Preliminary analysis of wing loading and installed thrust on the basis of: Take-off/landing analysis TOP Airfoil and finite wing choice Low speed polar analysis Climb requirements. Tools: - Classical iterative approaches as developed by Torenbeck or Roskam to evaluate the main preliminary characteristics of an aircraft with reference to the prescribed mission. Software: - Advanced Aircraft Analysis (DAR Corporation) - TORNADO - XLFR5
Coordinator L. Marino
Via Eudossiana, 18 Building A Dip. di Ingegneria Meccanica e Aerospaziale Room :31 tel: +39 06 44585735
For further information please contact: [email protected]
MATERIALS AND SURFACE ENGINEERING LAB
Research activities Surface engineering: Overlay thick coating deposition (thermal spray) Surface modification by thin film (PVD) Diffusion coatings (pack process) Materials manufacturing and development: Low density ablative materials Polymeric matrix composites Nanostructured materials and nanocomposites Ceramic matrix composites (C/C - C/SiC – SiC/SiC) Powders treatment (mechanical milling/alloying) Thermal treatments (up to 1800 °C) Materials characterization: Microstructure and composition (SEM – EDS – XRD – OM) Physical properties (TGA, DSC, STA) Thermal decomposition kinetic (ablatives) Wear resistance Corrosion and high temperature oxidation resistance Surface morfology Mechanical properties (from - 40 °C to 1500 °C) High heat flux exposure tests (TPS)
Coordinator T. Valente Via Eudossiana, 18 Dip. di Ingegneria Meccanica e Aerospaziale tel: 064458 5579 For further information please contact: [email protected]
COMPUTATIONAL DYNAMICS AND FSI LAB
The main scope of the present computational Lab is the development of multidisciplinary reduced-order models (ROM) for the computational dynamics (CD) of aerospace structures and for the solution of stability and response problems induced by fluid-structures interactions (FSI) in aircraft, launch vehicles, and rotorcraft. The use of ROMs for multidisciplinary design and optimization (MDO) of innovative aircraft and spacecraft configurations is the base Hardware and software computational facilities are available in the CD-FSI lab and they all are addressed to the advanced aircraft/spacecraft design. The software includes commercial codes for the aerodynamic and structural analysis (MSC.NASTRAN) and also in-house developed code on FSI and multi-disciplinary and multi-objective optimization.
Coordinator F. Mastroddi Via Eudossiana, 18 Building E Dip. di Ingegneria Meccanica e Aerospaziale tel: +39 06 44585945 For further information please contact:[email protected]
AEROSPACE COMPOSITE MATERIALS EXPERIMENTAL LAB
Main activities: Approaching to the manufacturing of structural components in composite materials on the base of designs that encompass a combination of different materials. These multi-material structures include continuous fiber reinforced laminates, textile laminates, textile composites for high temperature applications, layered materials, sandwich structures with a variety of cores (honeycombs, foams, etc.), and nanoparticle reinforced polymers. Autoclave process with vacuum bagging technique for high performance composite manufacturing. Production of sandwich panels with honeycomb and foam cores. Manufacturing of composite panels laminated with prepreg technique and hand lay –up. Non-destructive testing activity for analysis and recognition of defects, performed through an ultrasonic phased-array technique. The lab hosts the Sapienza Flight Team during the phases of manufacturing of the main structures of a radio-controlled aircraft for the AIAA/Cessna/ Raytheon Design, Build, Flight Competition taking place every year in the USA. Research activities: Active composites: the use of active materials like piezoceramics is proposed for developing actuation and sensing capability of structural systems. Laminated plate and shell structures with active layers have been the topic of several studies performed both from a theoretical, numerical and an experimental point of view. Impact toughness: improvement of composite material capability to resist to low and high velocity impact with hybridization of reinforcements. Natural fibers: improvement of biosustainability of composite materials with introduction of natural fibers and cores. Facilities: • Autoclave for vacuum bagging curing technique • Olympus Omniscan MX2 Ultrasonic device with phased array probe 64 linear elements • Milling machine for post-treatment of manufactured components
Coordinator L. Lampani Via Eudossiana, 18 Building E Dip. di Ingegneria Meccanica e Aerospaziale Laboratory - ground floor tel: +39 06 44585876 For further information please contact: [email protected]
Aerospace Composite Structures Laboratory
RADIOSCIENCE LAB
The Radio Science Laboratory (RSLab) has a well established expertise in orbit determination, analysis and calibration of tracking data for interplanetary spacecraft. The laboratory team, led by Prof. Luciano Iess, has internationally given credit in radio science investigations for planetary exploration and takes part in the most important ESA and NASA missions through the design and implementation of deep space radio science experiments, most notably:
Cassini-Huygens (NASA-ESA-ASI), currently flying: RSLab is responsible for the analysis of radio science data, and the determination of the Saturn system gravity field which allows improving the understanding of the planet and moons interior;
BepiColombo (ESA-JAXA), on development–phase D: RSLab is responsible for the design and development of the MORE experiment, which will investigate the Mercury interior through determination of its gravity field and will perform highly accurate tests of General Relativity;
Juno (NASA), on cruise phase: RSLab collaborates to the mission radio science experiment and the analysis of Jupiter's gravitational field and its internal structure;
JUICE (ESA), on development, phase B2: RSLab is responsible for the design and development of the 3GM experiment which will investigate the Galilean satellites geophysics (through gravity) and atmosphere (through radio occultations);
Veritas (NASA), on definition–phase A: RSLab will participate to the design of the mission radio science experiment to estimate the Venus gravity field up to very high degrees and allow the investigation of the planet internal structure;
Lisa Pathfinder (ESA), next to launch: RSLab will support the characterization of the spacecraft acceleration on long time scale through very accurate orbit determination of the spacecraft drag-free trajectory.
The laboratory research activities also target at development of precision tracking systems of deep space probes and development of mathematical models and software tools for deep space orbit determination. In particular, the experiments carried out while Cassini was in the cruise phase on 2002 (in which RSLab played a leading role) provided the more accurate range-rate measurements from a space probe to date. Likewise, the MORE experiment on board the BepiColombo mission to Mercury will exploit a state-of-art Doppler and ranging tracking systems that will allow estimating the spacecraft trajectory with an accuracy never achieved before. Within its research framework, RSLab has also developed a simulator for a concept mission to exploit SBI tracking of a small network of Mars landers, providing measurements of their angular separation with an unprecedented accuracy. This technique has the potential to provide valuable insights of the Mars internal structure and rotation. RSLab is also responsible for the development and support of the ESA Delta-DOR software correlator, which was commissioned by the agency in 2005 to upgrade its Ground Segment infrastructures and operational capabilities. The correlator is a key element of the Delta-DOR technique that allows producing accurate angular measurements of the spacecraft position. This technique can play a key role either during interplanetary cruises and crucial mission phases, e.g. during orbit insertion manoeuvres. The correlator has been extensively used by ESA, both to improve the orbit determination of its spacecrafts, and to give support to other space agencies, as NASA and JAXA. RSLab actively collaborates to technological development studies with the most important research institutes and European aerospace companies, like BAE Systems, Thales Alenia Space and GMV. RSLab facilities are located inside the faculty of Engineering of Sapienza Università di Roma, in via Eudossiana 18. The laboratory owns extensive computer facilities to support its projects. It is composed of a heterogeneous set of Linux servers, Mac OSX and Windows workstations interconnected through a 100 Mbit Ethernet LAN. Research activities are mostly based on self-developed software tools for signal analysis, data filtering and image processing. Available programming tools include MATLAB/Simulink, ENVI/IDL, Intel Fortran and C/C++ compilers, and the MKL and IMSL mathematical libraries. Also, the JPL’s MONTE orbit determination software (used by the agency for navigation of its space exploration missions) is available to the laboratory thanks to an international agreement between ASI and NASA, and is routinely used for the orbit determination and scientific data analysis of many space missions.
Coordinator L. Iess Via Eudossiana, 18 Building A Dip. di Ingegneria Meccanica e Aerospaziale tel: +39 06 44585336 For further information please contact: [email protected]
PROCESS AND TECHNOLOGY OF AEROSPACE STRUCTURES
Main activities: The activities of the laboratory are focused on the engineering and manufacturing of high-performance aerospace structures and multifunctional nanocomposite materials for structural applications. In particular, we investigate:
• application of liquid composite molding processes to the manufacturing of aerospace structures with 3D complex shape;
• integration of carbon nanoparticles (carbon nanotubes and graphene nanoplatelets) in manufacturing processes to realize multifunctional composite materials;
• design and manufacturing of deployable structures for spacecrafts (booms) • design and manufacturing of thick composite laminates for aircraft applications • manufacturing of nanocomposite films for space subsystems • study of the properties of nanocomposite materials with particular attention to impact behavior and
mechanical performance combined with thermal and electrical properties; • Investigation of fracture mechanisms in nanocomposites
Facilities include: Liquid Molding (RTM/VARTM) equipment for both room and elevated temperature processing for aerospace thermosetting resin: high-temperature RTM machine, oven, molds, experimental apparatus to determine the permeability preform, vacuum pumps, ultrasound baths, ultra-sonication probe; Spin coating for film fabrication; 3-D printing. Temperature/humidity environmental chamber, low energy drop weight impact tower, Charpy pendulum, LCR for electrical characterization, scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), optical microscopy, viscometer, experimental apparatus to measure the thermal conductivity. 6 PC station for structural design and modeling by FEM codes, CAD software and process simulation
Coordinator S. Laurenzi Via Eudossiana, 18 Dip. di Ingegneria Meccanica e Aerospaziale tel: +39 064991 9756 For further information please contact: [email protected]
