2014 ANNUAL REPORT Managing Risk Building Resilience

Managing Risk Building Resilience

NEW YORK | VIENNA | MANAMA

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IPI’s work is framed around the strategic goal of managing risk and building resilience for a more peaceful and secure world. This approach emphasizes the need for strategic anticipation, proactive response, and long-term engagement. It also provides a framework for cooperation across institutional silos and geographic boundaries. Our approach to this work is informed by a commitment to the Four I’s: innovate, implement, institutionalize, and impact. This conceptual framework guides the Institute’s overall efforts to contribute to a more peaceful, stable, and prosperous world.

Managing Risk, Building Resilience

The International Peace Institute (IPI) is an independent, international not-for-profit think tank dedicated to managing risk and building resilience to promote peace, security, and sustainable development. To achieve its purpose, IPI employs a mix of policy research, strategic analysis, publishing, and convening.

The Institute was founded in 1970 as the International Peace Academy (IPA), which focused on training military officers and diplomats for United Nations peacekeeping operations. In 2008, the organization changed its name to the International Peace Institute to reflect its current identity as a research institution that works with and supports multilateral institutions, governments, civil society, and the private sector on a range of regional and global security challenges. IPI also carries out work in and on Africa, the Middle East, Europe, and Central Asia.

With staff from more than twenty countries and a broad range of academic fields, IPI has offices facing United Nations headquarters in New York and offices in Vienna and Manama. IPI partners with regional organiza-tions, think tanks, universities, and NGOs to conduct research, produce publications, and convene meetings in many parts of the world.

IMPLEMENT The world is changing quickly and dramatically, presenting a challenge to the international system. Innovative responses are required. IPI fosters inno-vation by providing anal-yses of global trends and contributing fresh ideas to policymakers.

To reach their full potential, innovative ideas need to be implemented. IPI

works to strengthen the imple-mentation of policy recommen-

dations by producing tools for practitioners and con-

vening timely discussions focused on pragmatic

policy responses.

As a research insti-tution that provides practical advice and insightful analyses, IPI seeks to have a positive impact on peace, security, and development by shaping policies, providing up-to-date risk assessments, and offering constructive evaluations of current approaches.

To be most effective, innovation and imple-

mentation must be insti-tutionalized. To assist in

this endeavor, IPI seeks long-term partnerships with

governments, civil society, and multilateral organizations to bring

innovative ideas from concept to imple-mentation to sustainability.

INNOVATE

IMPACT INSTITUTIONALIZE

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Letter from theChair of the Board and President

Terje Rød-Larsen, President Rita E. Hauser, Chair of the Board of Directors

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Photos: 1. Margaret MacMillan, Historian and Professor at the University of Oxford 2. Hardeep Singh Puri, Vice President of IPI and Secretary-General of the Independent Commission on Multilateralism, and Amr Moussa, former Secretary-General of the League of Arab States 3. Louise Mushikiwabo, Minister of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation of the Republic of Rwanda 4. Børge Brende, Minister of Foreign Affairs of Norway 5. Rita E. Hauser, Chair of IPI’s Board of Directors, and Iyad Madani, Secretary-General of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation 6. John Baird, then Foreign Minister of Canada; Kevin Rudd, Chair of the Independent Commission on Multilateralism and former Prime Minister of Australia; Tony Blair, Quartet Representative for the Middle East Peace Process; and Terje Rød-Larsen, President of IPI 7. Leymah Gbowee, 2011 Nobel Peace Prize laureate, peace activist, and women’s rights activist 8. Sheikh Sabah Khalid Al Hamad Al Sabah, First Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Foreign Affairs of Kuwait, and Federica Mogherini, High Representative of the European Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy and former Minister of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation of Italy

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02 International Peace Institute 2014 Annual Report

We live in a time of extraordinary global transforma-tion. Change is occurring at unprecedented speeds, making the capacity to adapt all the more critical. Against this backdrop, in 2014 the International Peace Institute began framing its work around the strategic goal of managing risk and building resilience for a more peaceful and secure world. We are pleased to report that this approach has led to another highly productive year for IPI.

IPI organized more than 120 events this year and produced more than twenty publications, including the much-anticipated volume The Search for Peace in the Arab-Israeli Conflict: A Compendium of Documents and Analysis. In addition to regular events held at IPI offices in New York, Vienna, and Manama, the Institute contin-ues to convene international events on several continents. Highlights included a high-level forum organized with the Salzburg Global Seminar, “1814, 1914, 2014: Lessons from the Past, Visions for the Future,” and two work-shops on religious political movements at IPI’s regional office for the Middle East and North Africa.

In 2014, IPI further demonstrated the philosophy that the best “think tanks” are also “do tanks.” It continued to provide practical policy advice and assistance to gov-ernments and multilateral organizations. For example,

IPI’s Vienna office provided support to Switzerland’s chairmanship of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE).

As an action-oriented research institution, IPI seeks to have a direct impact on the shape of policy, and IPI’s Brian Urquhart Center for Peace Operations has proved well-positioned to do just that. When the UN secretarygeneral announced the formation of a high-level inde-pendent panel to review peace operations, IPI was asked to serve as a principal source of external expert support to the panel.

As the United Nations system approaches its seventieth anniversary, many are asking whether the multilateral system is still fit for purpose. In part to respond to this question, IPI launched the Independent Commission on Multilateralism (ICM) in September. The Commission seeks to develop policy proposals for enhanced cooper-ation on subjects relevant to global security across the United Nations system.

As these examples indicate, IPI’s staff, partners, and donors have made this another exciting and busy year at the Institute. It is a pleasure to present further details about our programs, events, publications, and financials in this annual report.

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Africa

Building Peace and Development with Women, Youth, and the WiseWhat roles do women, young people, and elders play in peacebuilding, development, and reconciliation in the Sahel and Maghreb regions of Africa? IPI explored this question with a number of partners in 2014. The Institute conducted field research in Mali, Niger, and Senegal and organized a meeting in Rabat, Morocco, in collaboration with Hassan 1st University, the Moroccan Association for Economic Intelligence, and the Centre for Strategies and Security in the Sahel Sahara. The event resulted in the creation of a citizen-led platform called Citizen Group 33, whose purpose is to exchange knowledge and experiences on the two regions’ chal-lenges. A final report focusing on the political participa-tion of women and youth as a vector for peacebuilding and development in the Sahel was published in French and English.

Promoting Effective Governance in Challenging EnvironmentsIn partnership with the African Union’s Department of Political Affairs, IPI examined ways to advance effec-tive governance in challenging African environments,

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Photos: 1. Abdou Dieng, UN Ebola Crisis Manager for Guinea and former Senior Humanitarian Coordinator in the Central African Republic 2. Participants of IPI’s regional roundtable in Accra, Ghana on “Effective Governance in Challenging Environments” 3. Emilie Béatrice Epaye, Member of the Central African Republic’s National Transitional Council 4. Aisha L. Abdullahi, African Union Commissioner for Political Affairs


From original research on peacebuilding in the Sahel to events that spurred action on the crisis in the Central African Republic, IPI’s work in 2014 supported conflict resolution as well as longterm peace and development in Africa. The Institute worked closely with African partners to leverage local knowledge for security, stability, and prosperity on the continent.

especially countries emerging from conflict. Central to the project was a regional meeting on “Effective and Inclusive Governance in Africa: Bridging the Gap Between Norms and Performance,” which took place in Accra, Ghana, and brought together representatives of the African Union, the African Peer Review Mechanism, regional economic communities, and civil society, including women and youth groups. The discussions and subsequent research produced concrete ideas aimed at advancing democratic governance on the continent, which were shared in a policy report and through a webcast launch event in New York.

Fostering Dialogue on African IssuesAs part of its continuing strategy to inform, debate, and promote understanding of critical contemporary issues in Africa, IPI organized a number of roundtable discus-sions and policy fora on the crises in South Sudan and the Central African Republic in 2014. One event that drew attention to options for bringing sustainable peace to South Sudan was viewed online more than 5,000 times. Four meetings on the Central African Republic were credited with helping to galvanize the international community, including the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund, into action.

Leveraging Local Knowledge for Peacebuilding and Statebuilding in AfricaIPI’s project on Leveraging Local Knowledge for Peacebuilding and Statebuilding in Africa completed five case studies on local peacebuilding and statebuilding initiatives, authored by African practitioner-scholars. The case studies, published in an IPI policy report in 2015, include women’s statebuilding initiatives in Egypt, youth-centered peace programs in Burundi, violence- transformation training in Zimbabwe, the use of online and mobile technologies to counter election violence in Kenya, and efforts to build local governance in Mali while addressing transnational organized crime.

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In 2014, IPI’s Vienna office bolstered infrastructures for peace in Europe and Central Asia—providing strategic advice for security cooperation, generating new ideas for mediation initiatives, and helping leaders

to learn from the past and pave the way for a more

peaceful future.

Europe and Central Asia

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Providing Strategic Advice in Support of PeaceOne of the Vienna office’s main activities in 2014 was to support Switzerland’s chairmanship of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE)—the world’s largest regional security organization, with fifty-seven member states. IPI provided policy advice and assistance in drafting decisions for the OSCE Ministerial Council in Basel. It also supported the Helsinki+40 process, which seeks to further strengthen cooperation on security in the OSCE community forty years after participating states made their foundational commitments in Helsinki, Finland. In 2014, IPI also continued its strategic cooperation with Kazakhstan and Mongolia, promoting regional cooperation in Central Asia and providing risk analysis on interna-tional developments.

Breaking the Ice on Frozen ConflictsIPI’s Vienna office continues to closely monitor develop-ments in relation to the “frozen conflicts” in the OSCE area. In addition to advising the Swiss chairmanship of the OSCE in relation to the Transdniestrian settle-ment process, IPI organized and co-hosted a meeting near Bern to explore new approaches to settling the


Photos: 1. Marco Gercke, Director, Cybercrime Research Institute; Walter Kemp, IPI’s Senior Director for Europe and Central Asia; and Ben Hiller, Cyber Security Officer of the OSCE Transnational Threats Department 2. Vaira Vīķ-Freiberga, President of the Club of Madrid and former President of the Republic of Latvia 3. Lyse Marie Doucet, BBC Chief International Correspondent; Ivica Dačić, Minister of Foreign Affairs of Serbia; and Miroslav Lajčák, Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Slovak Republic 4. Participants at IPI’s high-level forum in Salzburg on “1814, 1914, 2014: Lessons from the Past, Visions for the Future”

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Nagorno-Karabakh conflict. This event generated ideas on how “track II” mediation initiatives could more effectively complement the negotiation process. The Institute increased its focus on the crisis in Ukraine in 2014. In a special event in Vienna that explored the possibilities for dialogue and the implica-tions for the international community, IPI brought together then Ukrainian foreign minister Andriy Deshchytsia and the chief monitor of the OSCE Special Monitoring Mission to Ukraine, Ambassador Ertuğrul Apakan, as well as a number of diplomats, experts, and members of the press.

Helping Defuse Energy-Related DisputesIn the second year of its Energy and Security project, IPI’s Vienna office explored the impact of energy on security and ways to strengthen multilateral mecha-nisms to prevent and defuse energy-related conflicts. In this context, the Institute held one regional expert-level meeting in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, focused on the Middle East and the Eastern Mediterranean, and another in Paris, France, focused on West Africa. To ensure the relevance and impact of its work, IPI also deepened its strategic partnership on this topic with the International Gas Union, a global nonprofit association that serves as a spokesperson for the gas industry.

Drawing Lessons from History for Future SecurityWhat lessons from the past should be heeded when seeking to reduce the risk of conflict today, particularly in the face of the crisis in Ukraine and the complex threats in the Middle East? Participants reflected on this question at a high-level symposium in Salzburg’s Schloss Leopoldskron, titled “1814, 1914, 2014: Lessons from the Past, Visions for the Future.” Organized in cooperation with the Salzburg Global Seminar, the event explored the strengths of the 1814 Congress of Vienna, which ushered in a new international system in the wake of the Napoleonic wars, and the pitfalls that led to the outbreak of World War I a century later. IPI produced a short documentary film, narrated by histo-rian Margaret MacMillan, to inform the event and reach a wider audience online.

IPI’s 2014 Vienna Seminar focused on more recent trends in twenty-first-century diplomacy. The forty-fourth annual forum examined “War and Peace in a Digital Age,” looking at how technology is affecting war, peace-making, governance, privacy, and safety.

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Middle EastCatalyzing Cooperation for Humanitarian ActionAs the humanitarian crisis emanating from Syria continued to create enormous challenges for displaced Syrians, their hosts in neighboring countries, and the region at large, IPI sustained its work in catalyzing regional and international cooperation on this issue in 2014. Roundtable events in Amman, Jordan, and in New York fostered dialogue among experts, diplomats, and UN staff on the evolving challenges and innovative ways to address them. In particular, the project focused on Syrian refugees’ medium-term needs and strengthen-ing regional organizations’ capacities to work together to address them. This strategy recognizes that ensuring health, education, and livelihoods by cooperating across borders could, in turn, contribute to regional stabilization.

Promoting Equal Citizenship in Countries in TransitionIPI continued to develop the Arab Forum for Citizenship in Transition (FACT), a regional forum dedicated to promoting the rights of women as equal citizens in Egypt, Libya, Tunisia, and Yemen. FACT commissioned eight research projects in 2014, addressing gender equality and constitutions; perception and practice of citizenship; and women’s political participation and voting patterns. The forum held nine workshops in Tunisia, Egypt, and

Following the establishment of IPI’s regional office for the Middle East and North Africa, the Institute addressed some of the most complex and pressing challenges in the Middle East in 2014, including Syrian refugees, religious political

movements, and transitions to democracy. IPI’s new book The

Search for Peace in the Arab- Israeli Conflict offers a

comprehensive resource on the ArabIsraeli

conflict over the last century.

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Yemen. Libya has proved to be the most challenging country for FACT’s progress due to persistent turmoil.

Deepening Understandings of World War I’s Effect on the Modern Middle EastOne hundred years after the onset of World War I, IPI brought together senior government officials, diplomats, and academics to discuss the legacies of the four-year conflict and its impact on the Middle East. Under the rubric “Lessons from the Past, Visions for the Future: The Middle East After 1914,” participants examined the effects of the 1916 Sykes-Picot Agreement and the San Remo Conference of 1920 on the Middle East of today. The discussions, which took place in IPI’s regional office for the Middle East and North Africa in Manama, Bahrain, as well as in Cairo, Egypt, highlighted competing narra-tives about the early twentieth-century Middle East that continue to serve as a burden; the history of state-society relations and governance in the Arab world; and prece-dents for cooperation across the region. The project aimed to identify new prospects for regional coopera-tion and integration in the wider Middle East.

Responding to Religious Political MovementsThe 2014 “Religious Political Movements” event series served as a means to identify new trends in the conver-gence of religion and politics, particularly in areas of

conflict. The outcomes of the workshops and network of experts will be used to inform a 2015 IPI task force aimed at observing, monitoring, and analyzing the development of violent extremist movements in the greater Middle East. This will also examine cross-regional, community-based initiatives trying to counter these movements’ impact and influence, particularly through the use of social media.

Searching for Peace in the Arab-Israeli ConflictWith Oxford University Press, IPI published The Search for Peace in the Arab-Israeli Conflict: A Compendium of Documents and Analysis, edited by Terje Rød-Larsen, Nur Laiq, and Fabrice Aidan. This volume provides an authoritative, annotated overview of attempts to make peace in the region, including all relevant documents related to the Arab-Israeli conflict over the past century since the Sykes-Picot Agreement of 1916 and a full set of accompanying maps specially made for this edition. The documentation shows that many brave attempts have been made over the decades to bring an end to the conflicts in the Middle East. It serves not only as a comprehensive record and reference tool for students and scholars but also as a companion for policymakers seeking to learn from the past to improve the chance of success, step by step, on the path to peace.

Photos: 1. Sheikh Abdullah Bin Zayed Al Nahyan, Minister of Foreign Affairs of the United Arab Emirates, and Yasser Abed Rabbo, member of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) Executive Committee 2. Marwan Muasher, Author of The Second Arab Awakening and the Battle for Pluralism 3. Nour Nahas, Board Member of the Lebanese Children’s Council, at an IPI event on young people’s participation in peacebuilding 4. Meeting on “Lessons from the Past, Visions for the Future: The Middle East after 1914” at IPI’s regional office for the Middle East and North Africa in Manama, Bahrain 5. Youssef Mahmoud, IPI Senior Adviser

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Learning from the Past and Innovating for the FutureThe most prominent UN policy reform initiative of recent years began in 2014 when the secretary-general initiated an independent review of UN peace operations. IPI Senior Adviser Youssef Mahmoud serves as a member of the high-level review panel, and IPI’s Brian Urquhart Center for Peace Operations began working with the UN Secretariat and the Center on International Cooperation to support the panel’s work through a com-bination of research, analysis, and events for panel mem-bers. IPI will continue to organize issue-specific briefings and consultations with regional experts until the end of the panel’s mandate in 2015.

IPI also launched a three-year project on the policy and practice of new and emerging issues in peace operations. How do new technologies like unmanned aerial vehicles, or drones, affect UN peacekeeping? How can peacekeep-ers be effective in new operational environments? These are just some of the questions being explored by the project, which will examine a variety of pressing issues in a series of semiannual meetings among policymakers, practitioners, and experts.

Enhancing the Quality and Quantity of Peacekeeping ContributionsWhat kind of financial incentives can help states to contribute—and contribute more effectively—to UN

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Center for Peace Operations

Photos: 1. Participants at IPI’s Second Annual Ministerial Working Dinner on UN Peacekeeping Operations 2. Lamii Moivi Kromah, Research Fellow in IPI’s Center for Peace Operations 3. Edmond Mulet, Assistant Secretary-General, UN Department of Peacekeeping Operations 4. IPI Meeting on Critical Conversations in Peacekeeping 5. Harriette Williams Bright, Advocacy Director at Femmes Africa Solidarité

T H E B R I A N U R Q U H A RT


peacekeeping? This was the question addressed in one of the reports published by IPI’s Providing for Peacekeeping project in 2014. Carried out in partner-ship with George Washington University, the project seeks to improve the quality and increase the quantity of UN peacekeeping troop and police contributions. A second report explored how the UN can deploy its peace operations more quickly, and a third examined the legal implications of the UN’s first overtly offensive combat force in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

At the fifth regional roundtable in IPI’s Being a Peacekeeper Series, several states in the Western Balkans offered to increase future troop and police pledges to UN peacekeeping operations. IPI worked closely with the UN Office in Belgrade, Serbia, and the South Eastern and Eastern Europe Clearinghouse for the Control of Small Arms and Light Weapons to advance this region’s cooperation for peacekeeping.

In parallel, IPI completed an initiative with the German Center for International Peace Operations (ZIF) and the EU’s Institute for Security Studies to improve the part-nership between the European Union and the United Nations in peace operations. Seminars in New York, Rome, Berlin, and Brussels explored different elements of the existing partnership, examined practical lessons for cooperation on the ground, and offered recommen-dations for strengthening cooperation in the future.

Convening for PeacebuildingAs the crisis in the Central African Republic escalated in 2014, IPI worked to galvanize the international com-munity into action and bring the insights of Central Africans to decision makers in New York and beyond. In a series of public and private events, the Institute fostered dialogue among key stakeholders, including Central African religious leaders, the UN Peacebuilding Support Office, the UN Development Programme, and the UN’s humanitarian coordinator. The Institute also continued to work closely with the UN Peacebuilding Support Office and Peacebuilding Commission to pro-mote discourse on the broader implementation chal-lenges facing the UN peacebuilding architecture.

In partnership with the Folke Bernadotte Academy, SecDev Foundation, and ZIF, IPI began a new event series focusing on how peacebuilders can adapt to the challenges of the twenty-first century. As part of the ongoing International Expert Forum—a global gather-ing of leading academics, experts, and policymakers focused on the next generation of peace and security threats—participants explored peacebuilding at the nexus of organized crime, conflict, and extremism at a seminar in New York. Three additional seminars will feed into IPI’s research in 2015, addressing peacebuild-ing in cities; governance and the social contract; and climate change and peacebuilding.

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IPI consolidated its growing portfolio of peacekeeping and peacebuilding work in 2014 to form the Brian Urquhart Center for Peace Operations. The new center continues IPI’s robust cooperation with the United Nations and other key stakeholders to improve the effectiveness of UN peace operations.

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Designing Strategies to Prevent Mass AtrocitiesHow can the United Nations improve its capacity to prevent mass atrocities such as genocide, ethnic cleans-ing, and crimes against humanity? This question is at the heart of a new IPI project in collaboration with the Asia-Pacific Centre for the Responsibility to Protect. In 2014, initial research and a roundtable event explored why atrocity prevention so often fails, and a report on this subject will be released in 2015. IPI researchers will then turn to developing practical steps for improved prevention, in preparation for an edited volume that will outline a potential atrocity-prevention strategy for the United Nations.

Strengthening Mediation in the Middle East and MediterraneanAs the United Nations continued its preventive diplo-macy amid crises in Libya and Yemen in 2014, IPI’s Lessons from Mediation project published case studies examining UN mediation efforts in each of these coun-tries. The project explores what works and what does not in UN mediation around the world, and makes les-sons available to policymakers, third-party mediators, and a broader audience interested in resolving conflicts.

Since 2012, IPI has also supported the joint initiative of the governments of Morocco and Spain on Mediation in the Mediterranean Region, aimed at promoting the practice of mediation at the regional, national, and local levels. In 2014, IPI provided substantive advice in support of the third meeting in the series, in Slovenia, focusing on fostering a culture of mediation and prevention.

Empowering Women in Peace ProcessesIn 2014, IPI investigated the impact of women’s partici-pation in peace processes and explored strategies for realizing inclusive and lasting peace. As part of its Women, Peace, and Security event series, the Institute hosted Nobel laureate Leymah Gbowee for a candid conversation on women’s roles in peacemaking. A pol-icy forum in partnership with the International Civil Society Action Network examined barriers to women’s involvement in peace negotiations from the perspective of women and men in conflict-affected societies. A closed-door roundtable event with mediators and medi-ation support actors identified opportunities and obsta-cles from the perspectives of those facilitating peace at the highest levels. As the United Nations launched its global review of the women, peace, and security agenda and IPI’s Senior Adviser Youssef Mahmoud joined the High-Level Advisory Group for the study, the Institute also organized a private exchange among the group members and IPI researchers to re-imagine peacemak-ing in the twenty-first century through a gendered lens. The project’s research and recommendations will be published in 2015. A video outlining the dilemma of women’s participation in peace processes can be viewed by scanning the QR code below.

Beyond its regional programs and Center for Peace Operations, IPI carried out a number of

thematic projects and training initiatives in 2014 focusing on conflict prevention and mediation,

multilateral affairs, transnational challenges, and tools for promoting peace.

Video: Time to ReSet the Peace Table


Shedding Light on the Evolving Role of the UN Security CouncilIPI’s edited volume The UN Security Council: From the Cold War to the 21st Century published in 2004 has become an important reference tool about the UN Security Council. Ten years later, IPI has engaged forty- eight authors and experts to produce a sequel on the Security Council in the twenty-first century, which will be published in 2015. In 2014, IPI also provided integral support to the fifth UN Security Council Istanbul Retreat, organized by the government of Turkey, which focused on potential avenues for enhanced cooperation between the Security Council and regional organizations on issues concerning international peace and security, including conf lict prevention, peace operations, counterterrorism, and humanitarian crises.

Improving the Efficacy of SanctionsUnited Nations sanctions are an important tool for reinforcing international norms, including nonprolif-eration of weapons of mass destruction. However, a wide gap exists between the technical texts of UN sanctions resolutions on Iran and North Korea and the actionable information needed by those responsible for implementing sanctions along international borders. To bridge these gaps, IPI issued two publications in 2014: “United Nations Sanctions on Iran and North Korea: An Implementation Manual” and “Sanctions Implementation and the UN Security Council: The Case for Greater Transparency.” The project was a joint effort of IPI, Security Council Report, and Compliance and Capacity International. IPI also published an analysis of the UN Security Council’s current approach to drawing down sanctions in intrastate war situations, which contributes to the development of a new set of best practices for the efficient termination of multilateral sanctions.

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Photos: 1. Participants at IPI’s 2014 Advanced Course in Negotiation and Conflict Resolution 2. Adam Lupel, IPI’s Director of Research and Publications 3. Roméo Dallaire, Former Force Commander of the UN Assistance Mission for Rwanda and Founder of the Roméo Dallaire Child Soldiers Initiative 4. Amina Mohammed, Special Advisor to the Secretary-General on Post-2015 Development Planning 5. Panelists at an IPI discussion of the role and influence of small states in multilateral arenas

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Bolstering Peace and HealthIn 2014, thanks to a grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, IPI continued its work on peace and health with a special focus on polio eradication in Afghanistan, Pakistan, Nigeria, and Somalia. IPI’s Vienna office is coordinating fieldwork in the respec-tive countries, identifying and analyzing barriers to polio eradication, and developing and updating strate-gies on how to overcome these barriers. With the out-break of the Ebola virus, IPI is also looking at how to improve international coordination to better prepare and respond to pandemics.

Tackling Transnational Organized CrimeSince the end of the Cold War, organized crime has moved from being a marginal problem in a few cities and regions to being a mainstream threat to national stability and international peace and security. While the threat has become transnational, the multilateral response has not kept pace. In 2014, IPI’s Vienna office produced the third in a trilogy of publications as part of its Peace without Crime project: “From the Margins to the Mainstream: Toward an Integrated Multilateral Response to Organized Crime.” The publication sug-gests concrete steps for enhancing the international response to illicit trafficking and other activities of organized criminal groups.

Supporting Small States at the United NationsSmall states make up the majority of UN member states, and they are among the strongest advocates for the rules-based multilateral system. Yet many of these states face challenges in advancing their interests at the United Nations. IPI’s policy report “Small States at the United Nations: Diverse Perspectives, Shared Opportunities,” launched in 2014, identifies opportunities for strategic cooperation among small states and offers practical rec-ommendations for addressing their shared challenges.

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Photos: 1. Adama Dieng, Under-Secretary-General and Special Adviser to the Secretary-General on the Prevention of Genocide 2. IPI’s Vienna office staff with IPI President Terje Rød-Larsen: Andrea Pfanzelter, Maximilian Meduna, Kathrin Kaisinger, Indira Abeldinova, Johanna Borstner, Terje Rød-Larsen, Walter Kemp, and Michael Sarnitz 3. IPI’s ninteenth annual New York Seminar on “Organized Crime and Conflict in the Sahel-Maghreb” 4. Helen Clark, Administrator of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)

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The report draws on the insights and ideas of fifty-four small states’ diplomatic missions to the UN, collected through interviews and ambassadorial roundtables. It was the culmination of a research project in partner-ship with the Permanent Mission of New Zealand to the UN.

Informing Humanitarian ActionIn 2014, IPI’s Humanitarian Affairs program provided critical thinking and reflection in the lead-up to the 2016 Humanitarian Summit by encouraging research and dialogue on two themes: humanitarian principles in a changing world and humanitarian action in situa-tions of conflict. Through its Humanitarian Affairs event series, the Institute offered a platform to discuss timely issues and specific crises in depth. Topics included the humanitarian crises in Mali and the Central African Republic; the humanitarian crisis in and around Syria; the Nansen Initiative on natural disasters and displace-ment; child soldiers; and humanitarian law and the protection of civilians. IPI also organized a roundta-ble in partnership with the International Committee of the Red Cross and the Harvard Kennedy School focused on the refugee crisis emanating from Syria.

Promoting Inter-Religious DialogueIn 2014, IPI continued to cooperate closely with the King Abdullah Bin Abdulaziz International Centre for Interreligious and Intercultural Dialogue (KAICIID), which opened its headquarters in Vienna in 2013. IPI Vienna has worked with KAICIID to strengthen its relations with the United Nations and relevant regional organizations; raise the profile of KAICIID within the international community; and promote KAICIID’s objectives of fostering a culture of peace. In particular, IPI is working with KAICIID on the Peace Mapping project, a tool and research environment that combines a wide variety of complex datasets of worldwide conf lict trends and vulnerability indicators with

in-depth information on inter-religious and intercul-tural activities across the globe.

Training Policy Professionals for a Changing WorldDiplomats from Africa, Asia, Europe, and the Americas gained new skills for meeting the challenges of today’s changing security environment at IPI’s third annual Advanced Course in Negotiation and Conf lict Resolution. The Institute’s nineteenth annual New York Seminar deepened its forty participants’ expertise on the nexus of transnational organized crime and vio-lent extremism, focusing on the Sahel-Maghreb region.

Ten scholars from eight African countries joined IPI’s 2014 African Junior Professionals Fellowship program for a one-month academic and training program in the UN community in New York. Since 2008, IPI has teamed up with King’s College London to prepare emerging African leaders for Africa-focused and glob-ally informed careers on their continent.

Driving Policy Forward with DataIPI’s Data Lab was launched in 2013 with the aim of leveraging data science into IPI’s policy research. Using techniques such as data mining, visualization, and machine learning, the Data Lab helps drive new insights on how multilateral and local actors can approach complex crises and vulnerabilities related to the lack of peace, security, stability, development, and health.

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Where We Work

NEW YORK Headquarters

NEW YORK Headquarters

VIENNA Europe & Central Asia

MANAMA Middle East & North Africa

• Research on Africa, the Middle East, conflict prevention, peacebuilding, and women, peace, and security

• New Brian Urquhart Center for Peace Operations

• Secretariat for the Independent Commission on Multilateralism

• More than 100 meetings held in 2014

• Training for diplomats and emerging African leaders


VIENNA Europe & Central Asia

MANAMA Middle East & North Africa

• Expert-level retreat in Amman on humanitarian assistance for Syrian refugees

• Fifth UN Security Council Istanbul Retreat

• Arab Forum for Citizenship in Transition in Egypt, Libya, Tunisia, and Yemen

• Dialogue on state-society relations and religious political movements

• Regional meetings in Dakar and Addis Ababa on Leveraging Local Knowledge for Peacebuilding and Statebuilding in Africa

• Field research in Mali, Niger, and Senegal

• Seminar in Rabat on peacebuild-ing in the Sahel and Maghreb

• Roundtable in Accra on Effective and Inclusive Governance

• Fourth annual Jakarta International Defense Dialogue on maritime security

• Expert seminar in Singapore on Cities Under Stress: Building Urban Resilience

• Strategic advice for regional cooperation in Central Asia

• Research on Europe and Central Asia, peace and health, trans national organized crime, and energy and security

• Peace Mapping project for inter-religious dialogue

• “Breaking the Ice” on frozen conflicts

• Symposium on “1814, 1914, 2014: Lessons from the Past, Visions for the Future”

• Forty-fourth annual Vienna Seminar

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Independent Commission on MultilateralismAs the United Nations system approaches its seventieth anniversary, the world is undergoing major transformations at unprecedented speeds, putting great stress on our institutions of global governance. As each day brings new social, political, and economic challenges, many are asking: Is the multilateral system still fit for purpose?

In September 2014, the International Peace Institute launched the Independent Commission on Multilateralism (ICM) to address this question.

The Commission is composed of an Eminent Persons Council; a MinisterialLevel Board; an AmbassadorialLevel Board; and a Secretariat staffed by IPI. The Commission is chaired by Kevin Rudd, former prime minister of Australia, and cochaired by Børge Brende, foreign minister of Norway; Patricia Espinosa Cantellano, former foreign minister of Mexico; José Manual RamosHorta, former president of Timor Leste; and Hanna Tetteh, foreign minister of Ghana. Its secretarygeneral is Hardeep Singh Puri, former permanent representative of India to the United Nations.

Over the course of a twoyear period, the ICM seeks to identify policy proposals that enhance the multilateral system’s ability to respond to existing and evolving global challenges across sixteen issue areas relevant to global security. More information is available at www.ICM2016.org.


1814, 1914, 2014: Lessons from the Past, Visions for the Future

The International Peace Institute examined the international system through the prism of history in 2014, marking the bicentenary of the 1814 Congress of Vienna and the centenary of the 1914 outbreak of World War I. While the leaders of the Congress of Vienna served as architects of a new international system after the Napoleonic wars, the leaders of 1914 have been described as sleepwalkers, stumbling into conflict. IPI explored the question, are today’s leaders architects or sleepwalkers?

Together with the Salzburg Global Seminar, IPI hosted a symposium in Salzburg, Austria, to consider how the lessons of 1814 and 1914 can help the international community deal with emerging threats and reduce the risk of future conflicts. The Institute created a short documentary film on the topic titled Architects and Sleepwalkers, which can be viewed by scanning the QR code below.

In Manama, Bahrain, IPI brought together senior government officials, diplomats, and academics to discuss the legacies of World War I for the Middle East, examining the effects of the 1916 SykesPicot Agreement and the 1920 San Remo Conference on the region today.

Documentary film Architects and Sleepwalkers on the past and future of international affairs

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BOOKS Le manuel de gestion pour les missions de terrain onusiennes, French translation of The Management Handbook for UN Field Missions, edited by Adam C. Smith and Arthur Boutellis.The Search for Peace in the Arab-Israeli Conflict: A Compendium of Documents and Analysis, edited by Terje Rød-Larsen, Nur Laiq, and Fabrice Aidan (Oxford University Press).

POLICY PAPERSEngineering Peace: The Critical Role of Engineers in UN Peacekeeping, Arthur Boutellis and Adam C. Smith.United Nations Sanctions on Iran and North Korea: An Implementation Manual, Enrico Carisch and Loraine Rickard-Martin.Terminating Security Council Sanctions, Kristen E. Boon.The Political Economy of UN Peacekeeping: Incentivizing Effective Participation, Katharina P. Coleman.Small States at the United Nations: Diverse Perspectives, Shared Opportunities, Andrea Ó Súilleabháin.Responding to Insecurity in the Gulf of Guinea, Patrice Sartre.From the Margins to the Mainstream: Toward an Integrated Multilateral Response to Organized Crime, Walter Kemp and Mark Shaw.In Light of the Intellectuals: The Role of Novelists in the Arab Uprisings, Jose Vericat.Rethinking Peacebuilding: Transforming the UN Approach, Michael von der Schulenburg.Improving United Nations Capacity for Rapid Deployment, H. Peter Langille.Mediating Transition in Yemen: Achievements and Lessons, Steven A. Zyck.The Intervention Brigade: Legal Issues for the UN in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Scott Sheeran and Stephanie Case.Effective Governance in Challenging Environments, Mireille Affa’a-Mindzie, George Mukundi Wachira, and Lucy Dunderdale.Libya’s Political Transition: The Challenges of Mediation, Peter Bartu.

Publications

The Union of South AmericanNationsMAPPING MULTILATERALISM IN TRANSITION NO. 3

MAY 2014SANDRA BORDA

Regional politics in Latin America today are defined by a variety of trends:Brazil continues to grow, but its leadership in the region has substantiallydecreased during the administration of Dilma Rousseff, which began in 2011;several countries—including Argentina, Bolivia, and Venezuela—have chosento “Latin-Americanize” their foreign policy, discarding their formeralignments with the United States; left-leaning governments, clearly critical ofUS power in the region, have tried to consolidate organizations such as theBolivarian Alliance for the Peoples of Our America (ALBA) to increase theirautonomy vis-à-vis the United States; right and right-center governmentshave responded by deepening their commercial links with the United Statesand the European Union (EU) and by organizing the Pacific Alliance, atraditional arrangement for free-trade and freedom-of-movement; and,finally, many countries in the region are adopting—independently of theirideological and political orientations—increasingly diversified foreignpolicies. At the same time, the presence of extra-regional actors has becomeincreasingly visible. In this context, the region has begun to create multilateral mechanisms thatreflect a growing autonomy vis-à-vis the United States. The Union of SouthAmerican Nations (UNASUR), ALBA, and the Community of LatinAmerican and Caribbean States (CELAC) are the principal examples of thisnew breed of multilateral forum that excludes the US and that, especially inthe case of ALBA, serves as a form of explicit resistance to US influence andpower. The emergence of these institutions has been accompanied by thegrowing decay and ineffectiveness of the Inter-American system’s institutions.Among them, the Organization of American States (OAS) has been particu-larly weakened by the region’s deep ideological divisions and by the decline inUS power. The Rio Treaty (TIAR) has, for a long time, lost much of itsrelevance. In this context, UNASUR was created under Brazil’s leadership as amechanism to create and implement regional solutions to regional problems.However, the need to maintain, above all, national sovereignty and self-determination, combined with the current political polarization betweenright- and left-wing governments, has turned it into a less ambitious and morelimited multilateral project.

The global architecture of multilat-

eral diplomacy is in transition and a

comprehensive understanding of

the new dynamics, players, and

capacities is needed. The Mapping

Multilateralism in Transition series

features short briefing papers on

established but evolving regional

organizations and select crossre-

gional organizations. The papers

aim to: (1) identify the key role and

features of the organizations; (2)

assess their current dynamics; and

(3) analyze their significance for the

overall regional and global geopolit-

ical context.

This paper examines the Union of

South American Nations, a principal

South American regional organiza-

tion composed of Argentina, Bolivia,

Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador,

Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname,

Uruguay, and Venezuela.

Sandra Borda is an associate

professor in the Department of

Political Science at the Universidad

de Los Andes in Bogotá, Colombia.

The author thanks this project’s

research assistant, Andres Aponte,

for his collaboration.

The views expressed in this publica-

tion represent those of the author

and not necessarily those of the

International Peace Institute. IPI

owes a debt of thanks to its donors

who make publications like this one

possible.


The International Peace Institute is constantly innovating its use of communications technology to reach a growing global audience with its insights for peace. After the Institute introduced a new responsive design to its Global Observatory website in 2014, traffic increased by 50 percent, bringing new readers to the site’s timely analyses of interna-tional affairs. Mentions of IPI on Twitter were sent to more than 6.3 million individuals in 2014.

IPI’s f lagship website, www.ipinst.org, continues to offer in-depth research reports and insights from events for those who cannot attend in person. In 2014, forty-nine IPI events were broadcast live online, and videos of IPI events were viewed 53,924 times.

ISSUE BRIEFSSanctions Implementation and the UN Security Council: The Case for Greater Transparency, Astrid Forberg Ryan.Mapping Multilateralism in Transition No. 3: The Union of South American Nations, Sandra Borda.Mapping Multilateralism in Transition No. 4: East Africa and the Intergovernmental Authority on Development, Solomon Dersso.

MEETING NOTESInsecurity in the Gulf of Guinea: Assessing the Threats, Preparing the Response, Mireille Affa’a-Mindzie and Fiona Blyth.Security Council Istanbul Retreat: The Security-Development Nexus in Conflict Prevention and Resolution in Africa, Mireille Affa’a-Mindzie.Beyond Haiti: Enhancing Latin American Military and Police Contributions to UN Peacekeeping, Bianca Selway.Peacebuilding and Postconflict Recovery: What Works and What Does Not? Robert Muggah and Christian Altpeter.

IPI Online

@ipinst @IPI_GO

facebook.com/internationalpeaceinstitute facebook.com/theglobalobservatory

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Ministerial MeetingsWorking Together for Peace: UN Security Council and Regional OrganizationsCo-organized with the government of TurkeySixth informal ministerial dinner in Luxembourg on the Middle EastCo-organized with Foreign Minister Jean Asselborn of Luxembourg and Foreign Minister Sheikh Abdullah Bin Zayed Al Nahyan of the United Arab EmiratesNinth informal ministerial working dinner on the Middle EastCo-organized with the foreign ministers of Luxembourg and United Arab EmiratesContemporary Conflict and UN Peacekeeping: A High-Level Dialogue on the Way Forward for UN Peacekeeping OperationsCo-organized with Foreign Minister Erkki Tuomioja of Finland and Foreign Minister Luis Almagro of UruguaySeventh Annual Trygve Lie Symposium on Fundamental Freedoms: Human Rights up Front— Preventing Human Rights Crises WorldwideFeaturing Børge Brende, Foreign Minister of Norway

High-Level MeetingsHow to Scale up Geothermal Power in the Developing World: The Cooperation between Iceland and the World BankFeaturing Ólafur Ragnar Grímsson, President of IcelandThe Role of the OIC Today: Challenges and OpportunitiesFeaturing Iyad Madani, Secretary General of the Organisation of Islamic CooperationThe New Security Reality in EuropeFeaturing Toomas Hendrik Ilves, President of the Republic of Estonia

International EventsMiddle East in Transition: Catalysts for Regional and International Cooperation in Humanitarian Affairs and DevelopmentAmman, JordanMeeting of IPI’s Energy and Security Task ForceAbu Dhabi, United Arab EmiratesCities under Stress: Building Urban Resilience Singapore Leveraging Local Knowledge for Peacebuilding and Statebuilding in AfricaDakar, SenegalNagorno-Karabakh: New Approaches after Twenty Years?Bern, Switzerland

Building Peace and Development in the Sahel and Maghreb: The Role of Women, Youth, and the EldersRabat, MoroccoEffective Governance in Challenging EnvironmentsAccra, GhanaLeveraging Local Knowledge for Peacebuilding and Statebuilding in AfricaAddis Ababa, EthiopiaBeing a Peacekeeper: Enhancing the Participation of the Western Balkan Countries in UN Peacekeeping OperationsBelgrade, SerbiaEU-UN Partnerships in Crisis Management and Peace Operations: Best Practices and Next StepsRome, ItalyGeneva Launch of the Independent Commission on MultilateralismGeneva, Switzerland

TrainingsWeapons of Mass Destruction Sanctions ImplementationNineteenth Annual New York Seminar: Organized Crime and Conflict in the Sahel-Maghreb— Understanding the Linkages, Responding to the ThreatAdvanced Course in Negotiation and Conflict Resolution

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IPI facilitates dialogue on a wide range of issues in peace, security, and development through its events and meetings. The Institute’s onsite conference facility, the Trygve Lie Center for Peace, Security & Development, provides a unique venue for frank discussions across the street from UN headquarters in New York. Since opening additional offices in Vienna and Manama in 2010 and 2013, IPI has enhanced its convening power in Europe and the Middle East. The Institute also contin-ues to organize a variety of meetings on challenges and opportunities for peace, security, and development in Africa, Asia, and beyond. In 2014, IPI hosted more than 120 events on four continents, a selection of which are outlined below.

Events


African Junior Professionals Fellowship Program

Policy ForaAccountability in SyriaPeacemaking in South Sudan: Lessons Learned, Opportunities, and ChallengesChildren and Armed Conflict: A Discussion on Security Sector Preparedness for Prevention and Response in the FieldIntegrating a Gender Perspective in Crisis Management and Peacekeeping: Recent Experiences and Future ChallengesRestoring Peace in the Central African Republic: The Role of Faith LeadersLaunch of Africa’s Peacemakers: Nobel Laureates of African Descent, edited by Adekeye AdebajoThe Conflict, Disaster, and Displacement Nexus: Implications for Protection and Resilience in the Horn of AfricaMiddle Income Country Series: International Development—Ideas, Experience, and ProspectsSeminar on Technology and Innovation in PeacekeepingIs Humanitarian Law Still Fit for Purpose? Implications for Protection and Humanitarian Effectiveness

Twenty Years after the Genocide: What are the Lessons Learned from Rwanda?Launch of the Guiding Principles on Young People’s Participation in PeacebuildingProtecting Journalists in Times of Unrest and ConflictVoices from South Sudan: Perspectives from Civil Society on a Way ForwardThe International Criminal Court and AfricaSmall States at the United Nations: Diverse Perspectives, Shared OpportunitiesProtecting Civilians in Peace Operations: Best Practices and Emerging IssuesCritical Conversations on Peacekeeping and PeacebuildingRelapse into Conflict: The Central African Republic and the Future of UN PeacebuildingEU-UN Partnership in Peace Operations: Lessons Learned and the Way ForwardEngaging Young People on DemocracyBuilding Peace and Development in the Sahel and Maghreb: Enhancing Women and Youth Political Participation

Effective Governance in Challenging Environments

Expert Roundtable Discussions, Workshops, and ConferencesPromoviendo la participación de América Latina en el mantenimiento de la paz de las Naciones UnidasSecurity Council–Mandated Benchmarks in the Context of UN Mission TransitionsCode of Conduct for the Use of the VetoCities under Stress: Building Urban ResilienceRoundtable Discussion on UN PeacekeepingFeaturing Ine Eriksen Søreide, Minister of Defense of NorwayMeeting with Experts on Sectarianism and Radicalization in the Middle EastLeadership Orientation Workshop on the Role of the Chairs of PBC Country ConfigurationsPreventing Mass Atrocities: Why We Fail and What Can Be Done about ItLeading the Way toward Peace: A Conversation with Syrian Women

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Photos: 1. Participants of IPI’s 2014 African Junior Professionals Fellowship Program 2. Yun Byung-se, Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Korea 3. Derek Plumbly, then UN Special Coordinator for Lebanon 4. Mary Anne Feeney, IPI’s Director of Events

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Asymmetric Threats/Nonstate actors: A Conversation with Troop Contributors to UN Peacekeeping Operations in the Middle EastInternational Expert Forum, Twenty-First-Century Peacebuilding: A Seminar on Building Peace at the Nexus of Organized Crime, Conflict, and ExtremismLeveraging Local Knowledge for Peacebuilding and Statebuilding in AfricaDeveloping Innovative Approaches to the Needs of Refugees from SyriaSize and Influence: How Small States Influence Policymaking in Multilateral Arenas

SRSG SeriesLebanon Today: The Impact of the Syrian CrisisFeaturing Derek Plumbly, United Nations Special Coordinator for LebanonMali One Year Later: Building an Enduring Peace through Stabilization, Reform, and DevelopmentFeaturing David Gressly, Deputy Special Representative of the Secretary-General in MaliRecent Developments in MyanmarFeaturing Vijay Nambiar, Special Adviser to the Secretary-General on Myanmar

The Protection of Civilians in South SudanFeaturing Hilde Johnson, Special Representative of the Secretary-General for South Sudan

Speaker SeriesThe Korean Peninsula and Peaceful Reunification DiplomacyFeaturing Yun Byung-se, Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of KoreaChallenges in the Middle East: The Palestinian-Israeli Peace Process and SyriaFeaturing José Manuel Garcia-Margallo, Minister of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation of SpainHuman Rights in Ukraine: A discus-sion on the findings of the latest report of the UN Human Rights Monitoring Mission in UkraineFeaturing Ivan Šimonović, United Nations Assistant Secretary-General for Human RightsThe African Union: Democracy, Elections, and GovernanceFeaturing Aisha Laraba Abdullahi, African Union Commissioner for Political AffairsInternational Order: Theory and PracticeFeaturing Vaira Vīķ-Freiberga, President of the Club of Madrid and former President of Latvia

Distinguished Author SeriesGary Bass, author of The Blood Telegram: Nixon, Kissinger, and a Forgotten GenocideMarwan Muasher, author of The Second Arab Awakening and the Battle for PluralismAngela E. Stent, author of The Limits of Partnership: U.S.-Russian Relations in the Twenty-First CenturyShadi Hamid, author of Temptations of Power: Islamists and Illiberal DemocracySeyed Hossein Mousavian, author of Iran and the United States: An Insider’s View on the Failed Past and the Road to PeaceHoward W. French, author of China’s Second Continent: How a Million Migrants Are Building a New Empire in AfricaNazila Fathi, author of The Lonely War: One Woman’s Account of the Struggle for Modern Iran

Humanitarian Affairs SeriesSyria: Beyond the Refugee CrisisFeaturing Amin Awad, Director of the Middle East and North Africa Bureau of the UN High Commissioner for Refugees

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The Central African Republic: A Forgotten Crisis under the SpotlightFeaturing Abdou Dieng, former Senior Humanitarian Coordinator for the Central African RepublicProtection Challenges in Current Conflict SituationsFeaturing Volker Türk, Director of International Protection for the UN High Commissioner for RefugeesThe Security Council and the Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict: Reflections and the Way Forward

Women, Peace & Security SeriesDiscussion with Leymah Gbowee, 2011 Nobel Peace Prize Laureate and Founder and President of the Gbowee Peace Foundation AfricaInclusive Peacemaking: Challenges and OpportunitiesCombatting Sexual- and Gender- Based Violence in Postconflict and Crisis ContextsWomen and Forced Migration: A Workshop in Advance of the 2014 Open Debate on Women, Peace, and SecurityWomen and Forced Migration: Challenges and Responses to Unprecedented Displacement

Re-Imagining Peacemaking: Inclusive Peace Processes in PracticeRe-Imagining Women, Peace, and Security: Inclusive Peace in a Changed Global Environment

Special EventsIPI’s Third Annual Retreat: Building Resilience to Risk and InsecurityRetreat of the UN Secretary-General’s High-Level Independent Panel on Peace OperationsSigh of Relief Party: A Reception on the Occasion of the 69th General AssemblyInaugural Event of IPI’s 777 Club: A series of informal receptions for members of the United Nations and wider diplomatic community in New York

Vienna Office EventsForty-Fourth Annual Vienna Seminar:War and Peace in a Digital AgeRules for Control of Use of Force for Private Security CompaniesEnhancing Partnership through the Helsinki +40 ProcessResolving the Crisis in and around UkraineFeaturing Andriy Deshchytsia, Acting Foreign Minister of Ukraine

1814, 1914, 2014: Lessons from the Past, Visions for the FutureSchloss Leopoldskron, SalzburgReligious Political Movements: The Muslim BrotherhoodThe Islamic State: A Roundtable DiscussionA New Generation of Peace Operations? New Challenges and Opportunities for the OSCE in a Changing Security EnvironmentEnhancing Women’s Share in Peace and SecurityOn the Front Lines of Peace: Monitoring and De-escalating the Crisis in UkraineFeaturing Ertuğrul Apakan, Chief Monitor of the OSCE Special Monitoring Mission to UkraineVienna Launch of the Independent Commission on Multilateralism

Regional Office for the Middle East and North Africa EventsOpening Reception of the International Peace Institute’s Middle East Regional OfficeLessons from the Past, Visions for the Future: The Middle East After 1914Religious Political Movements: Islamism in the WestReligious Political Movements: Hizbullah

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Photos: 1. Ameerah Haq, then Under-Secretary-General, UN Department of Field Support 2. José Manuel García-Margallo, Minister of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation of Spain 3. IPI Roundtable on Preventing Mass Atrocities: Why We Fail, and What Can Be Done About It 4. International Expert Forum on “Building Peace at the Nexus of Organized Crime, Conflict, and Extremism” 5. Nazila Fathi, author of The Lonely War: One Woman’s Account of the Struggle for Modern Iran, at an IPI Distinguished Author Series event

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Statements of Financial Position

2014 EXPENSE RATIOS

86.4% Program Services 7.5% General & Administrative 6.1% Fundraising

December 31, 2014 and 2013

2014 2013

ASSETS Cash and cash equivalents $ 1,575,217 $ 1,515,136 Unconditional promises to give Unrestricted 2,030,236 523,688 Restricted to future programs and periods 6,038,809 4,927,818 Accounts and other receivables 43,601 41,381 Prepaid expenses and other current assets 74,496 72,550 Investments 3,102,803 6,175,501 Property and equipment, at cost, net of accumulated

depreciation and amortization 3,367,461 2,899,545 Security deposits 132,477 120,472

Total Assets $ 16,365,100 $ 16,276,091

LIABILITIES AND NET ASSETS Liabilities Accounts payable and accrued liabilities $ 486,019 $ 404,405

Net Assets Unrestricted 8,439,138 8,146,354 Temporarily restricted 6,582,276 6,867,665 Permanently restricted 857,667 857,667

Total Net Assets 15,879,081 15,871,686

Total Liabilities and Net Assets $ 16,365,100 $ 16,276,091


Statements of ActivitiesYears Ended December 31, 2014 and 2013

2014 2013

CHANGES IN UNRESTRICTED NET ASSETS Revenue, Gains, and Support Contributions $ 8,193,285 $ 5,171,688 Donated services and materials 46,887 104,017 Investment income 12,153 19,226 Gain (loss) on foreign currency exchange (51,141) 35,201 Miscellaneous income 24,499 30,978

8,225,683 5,361,110 Net assets released from restrictions Satisfaction of time and program restrictions 3,894,112 1,192,370

Total Revenue, Gains and Support 12,119,795 6,553,480

Expenses Program Services 10,218,653 8,322,502

Supporting Services General and administrative 882,634 894,791 Fundraising 725,724 696,724

Total Supporting Services 1,608,358 1,591,515

Total Expenses 11,827,011 9,914,017

Increase (decrease) in unrestricted net assets 292,784 (3,360,537)

CHANGES IN TEMPORARILY RESTRICTED NET ASSETS Contributions 3,608,723 3,661,596 Net assets released from restrictions (3,894,112) (1,192,370)

Increase (decrease) in temporarily restricted net assets (285,389) 2,469,226

Increase (decrease) in net assets 7,395 (891,311)Net assets, beginning of year 15,871,686 16,762,997

Net Assets, End of Year $ 15,879,081 $ 15,871,686

Audited financial statements prepared on accrual basis; complete statements and notes available at www.ipinst.org.

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BOARD OF DIRECTORSBan Kimoon, Honorary ChairSecretary-General, United NationsRita E. Hauser, Esquire, ChairPresident, The Hauser FoundationMortimer B. Zuckerman, ViceChair, Secretary, and Treasurer Chairman of the Board, Boston Properties Chairman and Editor-in-Chief, US News & World ReportKevin Rudd, ViceChairFormer Prime Minister and Labor Party Leader, AustraliaRichard P. Brown, Jr.Counsel, Morgan, Lewis & BockiusMichael W. DoyleHarold Brown Professor of International Affairs, Law & Political Science, Columbia UniversityWhitney MacMillanChairman Emeritus, Cargill, Inc.Ann PhillipsMember of the Board, World Policy Institute Member of the Advisory Board, Council on Global Initiatives of the New SchoolJames P. RubinVisiting Scholar, Rothermere American Institute, Oxford UniversityBrigitte WertheimerPresident, Project Peace by TourismTerje RødLarsenPresident, International Peace Institute

INTERNATIONAL ADVISORY COUNCILPrince Turki AlFaisalChairman, King Faisal Center for Research and Islamic StudiesPrince Zeid Ra’ad Zeid AlHusseinUN High Commissioner for Human RightsSheikh Abdullah bin Zayed AlNahyanMinister for Foreign Affairs, United Arab EmiratesSheikh Hamad bin Jassim bin Jabr AlThaniFormer Prime Minister and Foreign Minister, State of QatarMarc Perrin de BrichambautFormer Secretary-General, Organization for Security and Co-operation in EuropeVitaly ChurkinPermanent Representative of Russia to the United Nations

Ibrahim GambariChancellor, Kwara State University, Abuja, NigeriaClaude HellerAmbassador of Mexico to JapanSylvie LucasPermanent Representative of Luxembourg to the United NationsThomas MayrHartingHead of the Delegation of the European Union to the United NationsOlara A. OtunnuPresident, LBL Foundation for ChildrenGeir O. PedersenPermanent Representative of Norway to the United NationsGhassan SalaméDean, Paris School of International Affairs at Sciences Po, and Joint Professor at Columbia UniversityBrian E. UrquhartFormer Under-Secretary-General for Special Political Affairs, United NationsKarel Jan Gustaaf van OosteromPermanent Representative of the Netherlands to the United NationsChristian WenaweserPermanent Representative of Liechtenstein to the United Nations

VIENNA ADVISORY COUNCILMohammed A. AlSalloumAmbassador of Saudi Arabia to AustriaBente AngellHansenAmbassador of Norway to AustriaGertraud Auer Borea d’OlmoSecretary-General, Bruno Kreisky Forum for International DialogueErhard BusekFormer Vice Chancellor of AustriaNils Gustav DaagAmbassador of Sweden to AustriaYury Viktorovich Fedotov Director General, United Nations Office in Vienna; Executive Director, United Nations Office on Drugs and CrimeBenita FerreroWaldner Former European Commissioner for External Relations and European NeighbourhoodThomas Greminger Permanent Represen tative of Switzerland to the United Nations Office in Vienna and the OSCE

Jean Marc Hoscheit Permanent Repre sentative of Luxembourg to the United Nations Office in GenevaYerzhan Kh. Kazykhanov Ambassador of Kazakhstan to the United KingdomMariaPia Kothbauer, Princess of LiechtensteinAmbassador of Liechtenstein to AustriaRichard Kühnel Head of Representation, European Commission in GermanyJohannes Kyrle Former Secretary-General, Austrian Federal Ministry for European and International AffairsKatja Pehrman Permanent Repre sentative of Finland to the OSCELiselotte Plesner Ambassador of Denmark to AustriaChristian Strohal Permanent Representative of Austria to the OSCEAlexa L. Wesner Ambassador of the United States of America to AustriaHubert Wurth Ambassador of Luxembourg to AustriaKandeh Yumkella Chair of UN EnergyCEO of Sustainable Energy for All

STAFFIndira Abeldinova, Policy AnalystBeatrice Agyarkoh, Events CoordinatorWaleed Alhariri, Research AssistantRobert Artuz, AccountantJohanna Borstner, Office and Events Manager, Vienna OfficeMary Anne Feeney, Director of EventsMohammad Saleem Hashim, Office Manager, Middle East and North Africa Regional OfficeZelia Herrera, Director of Human ResourcesKathrin Kaisinger, Office and Events Assistant, Vienna OfficeWalter Kemp, Senior Director for Europe and Central AsiaLamii Moivi Kromah, Research FellowAdam Lupel, Director of Research and Publications

Who We Are


Marisa McCrone, Assistant Production EditorMaximilian Meduna, Policy AnalystJilla Moazami, Executive Assistant to the PresidentAmanda Murchison, Administrative AssistantThong Nguyen, Program AdministratorOmar El Okdah, Senior Policy AnalystMarie O’Reilly, Editor and Research FellowAndrea Ó Súilleabháin, Senior Policy AnalystAndres Peña Paz, Facilities AssistantAndrea Pfanzelter, Senior Director of Vienna Office and Resource DevelopmentHardeep Singh Puri, Secretary-General of the Independent Commission on Multilateralism and IPI Vice PresidentMaureen Quinn, Senior Director of ProgramsCamilla Reksten-Monsen, Special Assistant to the PresidentApolinar Reynoso, Information Technology AdministratorTerje Rød-Larsen, PresidentAnnie Schmidt, Data and Design CoordinatorAdam Smith, Senior Fellow and Director of the Brian Urquhart Center for Peace OperationsMichael Snyder, Research AssistantRamy Srour, Assistant Web EditorJill Stoddard, Director of Web & Multimedia and Web EditorTaimi Strehlow, Program AdministratorAna Tangarife, Facilities ManagerDianna Tavarez, Financial and Administrative AssistantMarvin Eliza Trujillo, Events AdministratorAllison White, Development OfficerMargaret Williams, Policy AnalystDavid Witt, Senior Director of Operations

ADVISERSAlex Bellamy, Non-resident Senior AdviserArthur Boutellis, Non-resident AdviserCraig Charney, Non-resident Senior AdviserMona Christophersen, Senior AdviserPamela Corn, Adviser for DevelopmentJohn L. Hirsch, Senior AdviserWarren Hoge, Senior Adviser for External RelationsEmmanuel Letouzé, Non-resident AdviserYoussef Mahmoud, Senior AdviserFrancesco Mancini, Non-resident Senior AdviserMichael Sarnitz, AdviserJose Vericat, AdviserPaul Williams, Non-resident Senior Adviser

(Reflects IPI board, advisory councils, staff, and advisers as of December 31, 2014)

The International Peace Institute extends special gratitude to its donors, whose partnership and generosity make IPI’s work on international peace and security possible.

In 2014, IPI worked to deepen existing partnerships and develop new strategic partnerships to further strengthen the Institute’s financial base.

African Union CommissionAustraliaAustriaBahrainCanadaDenmarkFinlandFranceIndonesiaInternational Organisation of La Francophonie ItalyKazakhstan

King Abdullah Bin Abdulaziz International Centre for Interreligious and Intercultural Dialogue (KAICIID) LiechtensteinLuxembourgMongoliaNetherlandsNew ZealandNorwaySwedenSwitzerlandThailandTurkeyUnited Arab EmiratesUnited States of America

Bill & Melinda Gates FoundationCarnegie Corporation of New YorkThe Hauser FoundationWEM FoundationMortimer B. Zuckerman

GOVERNMENTS AND MULTILATERAL ORGANIZATIONS

CORPORATIONS, FOUNDATIONS, AND INDIVIDUALS

IPI wishes to recognize the following major donors in 2014:

Donors

PHOTO CREDITSPage 2: Ela Grieshaber, Howard Heyman, Preston Merchant, Don PollardPage 3: Howard Heyman, Joe Peoples, Don PollardPage 4: Howard Heyman, Joe PeoplesPage 5: Don PollardPage 6: Ela Grieshaber, Julia WeichselbaumPage 7: Ela GrieshaberPage 8: Howard Heyman, Joe Peoples, Don PollardPage 9: Joe Peoples, Angelo Valentino KrausePage 10: Joe Peoples, Don PollardPage 11: Joe Peoples, Don PollardPage 13: Joe Peoples, Don PollardPage 14: Susanne Einzenberger, Joe PeoplesPage 15: Joe Peoples, Don PollardPage 22: Howard HeymanPage 23: Don PollardPage 24: Joe Peoples, Don PollardPage 25: Joe Peoples

New York Headquarters777 United Nations PlazaNew York, NY 10017-3521United StatesTel: +1-212-687-4300Fax: +1-212-983-8246

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Manama Middle East & North Africa51-52 Harbour House Bahrain Financial HarbourP.O. Box 1467 Manama, Bahrain Tel: +973-1721-1344

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