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27-10-2017
1
2015 Final Heating & Cooling
Demand in Spain
Country presentation
October 2017
Context of Spain
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no 695989. The sole responsibility for the content of this presentation lies with its author and in no way reflects the views of the European Union.
Web: www.heatroadmap.eu Twitter: @HeatRoadmapEU
Project Coordinator: Brian Vad Mathiesen E-mail: [email protected]
27-10-2017
2
General context
• Population [1]:
46.5 million • 9.2% of EU28
• GDP [1]:
1.041 billion EUR • 8% of EU28
• Heating degree days[2]:
1.612 HDDs/year • 5th warmest of EU28
• The warmest among the 14 HRE countries
Heat Demand Atlas (major population centres are visible [HRE4, 2013]
1. DG Energy’s 2014 data from the Spain datasheet (2016)
2. Eurostat’s 2015 data on HDDs in Spain (2016)
General context – Energy intensity
• Total final energy demand (FED)[3]:
936 TWh• 7.4% of EU28
• 5th highest of EU28 and HRE14
• FED per capita :
21.1 MWh/Capita• 20th highest of EU28
• 12th highest of HRE14
• Final energy from renewable sources [4] :
151.2 TWh• 16.2% of total FED
• 14th highest share of EU28
• 6th highest share of HRE14
• Final energy from renewable sources for H&C [4]:
64.3 TWh• 16.8% of the total H&C
• 19th highest share of EU28
• 9th highest share of HRE14
3. Eurostat’s 2015 data on annual energy quantities in Spain
4. Eurostat’s RES Shares 2015 results
Heat Demand Atlas (major population centres are visible [HRE4, 2013]
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no 695989. The sole responsibility for the content of this presentation lies with its author and in no way reflects the views of the European Union.
Web: www.heatroadmap.eu Twitter: @HeatRoadmapEU
Project Coordinator: Brian Vad Mathiesen E-mail: [email protected]
27-10-2017
3
Climate and emissions
• Spain has committed to reduce its GHG
emissions by 10%[5] by 2020, compared
with 2005 levels
Carbon per capita[kg CO2/person]
Carbon per GDP[ton CO2/billion EUR]
Carbon Emission per tone of energy
carrier (carbonintensity)[kg CO2/toe]
5,743 257 2,289
5th lowestamong the 14 HRE
6th lowest among the 14 HRE
7th highestamong the 14 HRE
2014 data [1]
1. DG Energy’s 2014 data from the Spanish datasheet (2016)
5. Official Journal of the European Union, Decision No 406 (2009)
Current national energy situation
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no 695989. The sole responsibility for the content of this presentation lies with its author and in no way reflects the views of the European Union.
Web: www.heatroadmap.eu Twitter: @HeatRoadmapEU
Project Coordinator: Brian Vad Mathiesen E-mail: [email protected]
27-10-2017
4
Spain: H&C energy by purposes
• H&C comprises 41% of Spain’s final energy demand.
• Very little cooling process needs, but very high need for space and process heating
Final energy demand for Spain(936 TWh)
Spain H&C (383 TWh)
Heating and cooling
41%
Non-H&C59%
Process heating40%
Space heating33%
Hot water15%
Other heating3%
Process cooling…
Space cooling6%
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600
AT
BE
CZ
FI
FR
DE
HU
IT
NL
PL
RO
ES
SE
UK
Final energy [TWh]
Space heating Hot water Process heating
Other heating Process cooling Space cooling
14 HRE: H&C energy by purposes
• Spain has the 6th highest final energy demand for H&C among the 14 HRE countries.
Spain H&C (383 TWh)
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no 695989. The sole responsibility for the content of this presentation lies with its author and in no way reflects the views of the European Union.
Web: www.heatroadmap.eu Twitter: @HeatRoadmapEU
Project Coordinator: Brian Vad Mathiesen E-mail: [email protected]
27-10-2017
5
42%
12%
12%
12%
9%
8%
4%
1%0% 0% Gas Oil
Biomass Electricity
District heating Coal
Others (fossil) Solar thermal
Heat pumps Others (RES)
H&C energy by energy carriers
• Spain accounts for 6% of the EU28’s total delivered H&C demand.
• Compared to the EU28, it uses more electricity and it does not use district heating for H&C.
Spain H&C (383 TWh)
EU28 H&C (6352 TWh)
43%
18%
15%
12%
7%4%
1%
0%0%
0%
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
Industry Residential Services
Fin
al e
ne
rgy [
TW
h]
Solar thermal
Others (RES)
Others (fossil)
Oil
Heat pumps (electric)
Gas
Electricity
District heating
Coal
Biomass0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
Industry Residential Services
Fin
al e
ne
rgy [
TW
h]
Space heating
Space cooling
Process heating
Process cooling
Hot water
Other heating
Sectors by purposes and energy carriers
• Spanish industries are overwhelmingly dominated by process heating,
other sectors by space heating and hot water.
• All sectors rely highly on fossil fuels, especially gas.
• Industry and Residential also reliy on biomass.
• Solar thermal is very little used, and only in the Residential and Services
sectors.
186 TWh
134 TWh
64 TWh
186 TWh
134 TWh
64 TWh
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no 695989. The sole responsibility for the content of this presentation lies with its author and in no way reflects the views of the European Union.
Web: www.heatroadmap.eu Twitter: @HeatRoadmapEU
Project Coordinator: Brian Vad Mathiesen E-mail: [email protected]
27-10-2017
6
Industry sub-sectors by H&C purposes
• Spanish industry is dominated by high temperature heating
processes.
• Most of this is used for the metals industry, (petro-)chemicals and
non-metallic minerals.
Spanish industry(186 TWh)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Fin
al e
ne
rgy [
TW
h]
2%
24%
10%
44%
14%
2%
1%
1%
2%Process heating <100 °C
Process heating 100-200 °C
Process heating 200-500 °C
Process heating >500 °C
Space heating
Space cooling
Process cooling <-30 °C
Process cooling-30-0 °C
Process cooling 0-15 °C
Industry sub-sectors by energy carriers
• To attain such high temperatures, Spanish industry relies
almost exclusively on fossil fuels, especially on gas.
• The Iron and Steel industry is the one that relies the most on
coal.
Spanish industry(186 TWh)
8%
7% 0%
11%
52%
8%
14%
0% 0% Biomass
Coal
District heating
Electricity
Gas
Oil
Others (fossil)
Others (RES)
Solar thermal
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Fin
al E
ne
rgy [
TW
h]
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no 695989. The sole responsibility for the content of this presentation lies with its author and in no way reflects the views of the European Union.
Web: www.heatroadmap.eu Twitter: @HeatRoadmapEU
Project Coordinator: Brian Vad Mathiesen E-mail: [email protected]
27-10-2017
7
Industry Space Heating
• Spanish Industry uses only gas and oil for space
heating.
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Fin
al e
ne
rgy [
TW
h]
Process cooling 0-15 °C
Process cooling -30-0 °C
Process cooling <-30 °C
Space cooling
Space heating
Process heating >500 °C
Process heating 200-500 °C
Process heating 100-200 °C
Process heating <100 °C
Residential sub-sectors by energy carriers
• Spanish households use mostly fossil fuels (gas and oil) for heating, but there is also a significant use of biomass.
• Single-family homes lead the way in biomass
• Multi-family homes are the primary market for gas
• Oil is used mostly for hot water.
Spanish households(134 TWh)
26%
38%
24%
22%
13%
2%0% 0%
0%Gas
Oil
Biomass
Electricity
Solar thermal
Coal
Heat pumps
District heating
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Space cooling Other heating Hot waterSFH
Space heatingSFH
Hot waterMFH
Space heatingMFH
Fin
al e
ne
rgy [
TW
h]
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no 695989. The sole responsibility for the content of this presentation lies with its author and in no way reflects the views of the European Union.
Web: www.heatroadmap.eu Twitter: @HeatRoadmapEU
Project Coordinator: Brian Vad Mathiesen E-mail: [email protected]
27-10-2017
8
Service sub-sectors by H&C purposes
• Space heating is the main concern for the Spanish service
sector
• Space cooling also represents a significant demand, mostly
in the wholesale and retail trade and in hospitality facilities.
Spanish services(64 TWh)
3%
3%
21%
56%
8% Process heating
Process cooling
Space cooling
Space heating
Hot water
0
5
10
15
20
25
Fin
al e
ne
rgy [
TW
h]
Service sectors by energy carriers
• The Spanish service sector relies mostly on fossil fuels (gas
and oil), but it also has a high use of electricity for H&C.
• Almost all heating demand is for space heating.
• All cooling, and process heating, are powered by electricity
only.
Spanish services(64 TWh)
40%
29%
22%
5%
3%1% 0%
0%0%
0%Electricity
Gas
Oil
Solar thermal
Biomass
District heating
Heat pumps
Coal
Others (fossil)
Others (RES)0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
Spain Spain Spain Spain Spain
Hot water Space heating Processheating
Space cooling Process cooling
Fin
al e
ne
rgy [
TW
h]
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no 695989. The sole responsibility for the content of this presentation lies with its author and in no way reflects the views of the European Union.
Web: www.heatroadmap.eu Twitter: @HeatRoadmapEU
Project Coordinator: Brian Vad Mathiesen E-mail: [email protected]
27-10-2017
9
Excess heat sources
• The biggest excess heat sources
are mostly concentrated in the
North regions.
Excess Heat Atlas [HRE4, 2013]
• Excess Heat:
At least 174 Twh*
• Would cover 95% of the
final energy demand for
Space heating and Hot
water in Spain
* Calculated from the 204 biggest facilities in Spain, using Peta 4.2
Heat Synergy Regions
• There are 8 regions with
very high potential for
district heating
• 4 other regions present a
high potential for district
heating
Excess Heat Atlas [HRE4, 2013]
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no 695989. The sole responsibility for the content of this presentation lies with its author and in no way reflects the views of the European Union.
Web: www.heatroadmap.eu Twitter: @HeatRoadmapEU
Project Coordinator: Brian Vad Mathiesen E-mail: [email protected]
27-10-2017
10
Main references cited
1. DG Energy’s 2014 data from the Spanish datasheet (2016)
2. Eurostat’s 2015 data on HDDs (2016)
3. Eurostat’s 2015 data on annual energy quantities
4. Eurostat’s RES Shares 2015 results
5. Official Journal of the European Union, Decision No 406 (2009)
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no 695989. The sole responsibility for the content of this presentation lies with its author and in no way reflects the views of the European Union.
Web: www.heatroadmap.eu Twitter: @HeatRoadmapEU
Project Coordinator: Brian Vad Mathiesen E-mail: [email protected]
