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2016 AlbertaLabour Force Profiles Youth
Alberta Youth Highlights
Population Statistics
4th highest proportion of youth in the working age population
Between 2006-16, Alberta’s youth
population grew by 1.8% or 9,100
1. 16.3% MB2. 15.5% SK2. 15.5% ON4. 15.2% AB
Labour Force Statistics
Fourth lowest unemploymentrate for youth
13.1%
Second highest participation rate for youth
67.6%Third highest employment rate for youth
58.7%
Employment by Industry
14.8% of
employees in Services-Producing sector were youth
28.2% of
employees in Retail Trade were Youth
Wages
Youth earned $12.38 an hour
less than the Alberta average
Women made up 69.5% of all employed youthwith a university degree
Education Employment
Youth made
up 13.4% of employment in Alberta
59.0% of youth were employed full-time
1 Source: Statistics Canada, Labour Force Survey
15.2% of the working age
population (WAP) in Alberta was
youth in 2016. Youth are defined
as those aged 15 to 24.
In Canada, 14.8% of the working
age population in 2016 was
youth. The proportion of youth
in the working age population
ranged from 12.5% in
Newfoundland and Labrador to
16.3% in Manitoba of the total
working age population in the
ten provinces (Table 1). Alberta
had the fourth highest
proportion of youth in the
working age population, at
15.2%, behind Manitoba’s
16.3%, Saskatchewan’s 15.5%,
and Ontario’s 15.5%. Alberta’s
percentage of youth in the
working age population exceeded
the national average by 0.4
percentage points.
The youth population in Alberta
grew by 1.8%, or 9,100, between
2006 and 2016 (Table 2). This
growth rate was 0.9 percentage
points higher than the youth
national average, but was 24.2
percentage points lower than the
growth of working age population
in Alberta over the same period.
Number and Percentage of
Youth by Province, 2016 Table 1
Growth of youth and working
age population, 2006 and 2016 Table 2
Working Age Population Statistics
Population
(15+ years)
Youth
(15-24 years)
Youth Proportion of
WAP
Canada 29,587,100 4,386,300 14.8%
Newfoundland and Labrador 444,300 55,400 12.5%
Prince Edward Island 121,800 17,900 14.7%
Nova Scotia 788,700 109,800 13.9%
New Brunswick 623,400 83,100 13.3%
Quebec 6,887,900 936,100 13.6%
Ontario 11,523,400 1,785,600 15.5%
Manitoba 999,000 163,200 16.3%
Saskatchewan 869,000 134,800 15.5%
Alberta 3,398,800 516,500 15.2%
British Columbia 3,930,700 583,900 14.9%
2006 2016 Growth Growth Rate
Canadians 26,115,500 29,587,100 3,471,600 13.3%
Youth in Canada 4,346,900 4,386,300 39,400 0.9%
Albertans 2,697,900 3,398,800 700,900 26.0%
Youth in Alberta 507,400 516,500 9,100 1.8%
2 Source: Statistics Canada, Labour Force Survey
In 2016, the participation rate for
Youth in Alberta made up 14.2% of
the labour force and 13.4% of
those employed in 2016 (Table 3).
In 2016, youth accounted for less
than a third, or 22.8%, of the
unemployed in Alberta. Alberta’s
youth unemployment rate was
13.1% was 5.0 percentage points
higher than the 2016 provincial
rate.
Alberta’s youth participation and
employment rates were lower than
the provincial average by 4.9 and
7.9 percentage points,
respectively.
The proportion of youth in Alberta
who were not participating in the
labour force and were not in
school at 8.2%, was lower than the
average for Albertans aged 15-64,
at 14.5% (Figure 4).
Alberta youth labour force statistics, 2016 Table 3
Youth in Alberta 2016
14.2% 13.4% 22.8% Labour force Employed Unemployed
Participation in the labour force by student classification Table 4
Note: Information on student status is not collected for persons aged 65 years and over.
Alberta Youth
(15-24 years)
Alberta
(15+ years)Youth's Share
Working Age Population 516,500 3,398,800 15.2%
Labour Force 348,900 2,464,600 14.2%
Employment 303,200 2,263,800 13.4%
Unemployment 45,700 200,800 22.8%
Unemployment Rate 13.1% 8.1%
Participation Rate 67.6% 72.5%
Employment Rate 58.7% 66.6%
Age
Group
In Labour Force
and in School
In Labour Force
and Not in School
Not Labour Force
and in School
Not Labour Force
and Not in School
15-24 20.3% 47.3% 24.2% 8.2%
15-64 2.5% 81.8% 1.3% 14.5%
Labour Force Statistics
3 Source: Statistics Canada, Labour Force Survey
Alberta’s youth unemployment rate at 13.1% was the fourth lowest among the ten provinces and was the same as the Canadian youth average (Figure 1).
4th lowest Unemployment rate in the country Female youth had a lower
unemployment rate than their
male counterparts by 2.4
percentage points in 2016 (Figure
2). The unemployment rate for
Alberta males 15 years and over
was 1.6 percentage points higher
than for females from the same
age group.
Youth unemployment rates in
Canada and provinces, 2016 Figure 1
Alberta youth unemployment rate by gender, 2016 Figure 2
16
.7%
15
.3%
14
.9%
15
.1%
12
.7%
14
.0%
13
.2%
11
.7%
13
.1%
10
.3%
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
12%
14%
16%
18%
NL PE NS NB QC ON MB SK AB BC
Canadian Youth: 13.1%
8.9%
7.3%
14.2%
11.8%
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
12%
14%
16%
Male Female
Alberta Alberta Youth
4 Source: Statistics Canada, Labour Force Survey
In 2016, Alberta’s youth
participation rate at 67.6% was the
second highest among the
provinces, and was 3.9
percentage points higher than the
Canadian youth average of 63.7%
(Figure 3).
The participation rate for female
youth in Alberta was 65.6%, which
was 0.7 percentage point lower
than the provincial average for
women and 3.8 percentage points
lower than the participation rate
for male youth (Figure 4).
Youth participation rates in
Canada and provinces, 2016 Figure 3
Alberta youth participation
rate by gender, 2016 Figure 4
63
.7%
69
.3%
63
.1%
63
.7%
67
.4%
60
.3%
66
.4%
67
.1%
67
.6%
63
.4%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
NL PE NS NB QC ON MB SK AB BC
Canadian Youth: 63.7%
78.6%
66.3%69.4%
65.6%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
Male Female
Alberta Alberta Youth
5 Source: Statistics Canada, Labour Force Survey
Alberta’s youth employment rate at 58.7% was the third highest among the provinces (Figure 5). Alberta’s rate was 3.3 percentage points above the average Canadian youth rate in 2016.
3rd highest youth employment rate in the country In 2016, the employment rate for male youth in Alberta was 1.6 percentage points higher than the rate for female youth and 12.1 percentage points lower than the rate for males 15 years and over (Figure 6).
Youth employment rates in
Canada by provinces, 2016 Figure 5
Alberta youth employment rate by gender, 2016 Figure 6
53
.2%
58
.1%
53
.8%
54
.0%
58
.8%
51
.9%
57
.7%
59
.1%
58
.7%
56
.9%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
NL PE NS NB QC ON MB SK AB BC
Canadian Youth: 55.4%
71.6%
61.5%59.5% 57.9%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
Male Female
Alberta Alberta Youth
6 Source: Statistics Canada, Labour Force Survey
Of employed youth in Alberta,
82.5% worked in the Services-
Producing Sector. The three
industries that employed the
largest number of youth were
Retail Trade, 69,600;
Accommodation and Food
Services, 58,600; and Construction,
29,700.
Alberta youth employment by
Industry, 2016 Figure 7
- Insufficient data
Goods-Producing sector Services-Producing sector
577,900 employed Albertans
employed Albertans
53,000
1,685,900
(9.2%) youth
250,200
(14.8%) youth
Industry
6,400
7,200
-
29,700
8,500
7,700
69,600
9,900
7,300
9,800
9,000
12,900
23,500
20,400
58,600
17,500
4,000
- 20,000 40,000 60,000 80,000
Agriculture
Forestry, fishing, mining, quarrying, oil and gas
Utilities
Construction
Manufacturing
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Transportation and warehousing
Finance, insurance, real estate and leasing
Professional, scientific and technical services
Business, building and other support services
Educational services
Health care and social assistance
Information, culture and recreation
Accommodation and food services
Other services
Public administration
Goods-Producing sector:
Services-Producing sector:
7 Source: Statistics Canada, Labour Force Survey
85.1% of
youth in the
Goods-
Producing
Sector are male
Of all employed male youth in
Alberta, 71.5% were employed in
the Services- Producing Sector, and
20.1% were in the Retail Trade
industry.
54.7% of
youth are in
the Services-
Producing
Sector are
female
Of female youth employed in that
sector, 66.0% of them worked in
three industries: Retail Trade;
Accommodation and Food Services
and Health Care and Social
Assistance.
Alberta youth employment by
industry and gender, 2016 Table 7
* Insufficient data
Industry Male Female Male Female
Goods-Producing Sector 45,100 8,000 85.1% 15.1%
Agriculture 5,300 * 82.8% *
Forestry, Fishing, Mining,
Quarrying, Oil and Gas5,700 1,500 79.2% 20.8%
Utilities * * * *
Construction 26,700 3,000 89.9% 10.1%
Manufacturing 6,500 2,100 76.5% 24.7%
Services-Producing Sector 113,300 136,800 45.3% 54.7%
Wholesale Trade 5,700 2,000 74.0% 26.0%
Retail Trade 31,900 37,700 45.8% 54.2%
Transportation and
Warehousing7,200 2,700 72.7% 27.3%
Finance, Insurance, Real Estate
and Leasing2,200 5,000 30.1% 68.5%
Professional, Scientific and
Technical Services4,100 5,600 41.8% 57.1%
Business, building and Other
Support Services6,400 2,600 71.1% 28.9%
Educational Services 5,300 7,600 41.1% 58.9%
Health Care and Social
Assistance3,200 20,300 13.6% 86.4%
Information, Culture and
Recreation10,100 10,300 49.5% 50.5%
Accommodation and Food
Services26,300 32,300 44.9% 55.1%
Other Services 8,600 8,900 49.1% 50.9%
Public Administration 2,200 1,900 55.0% 47.5%
Proportion by GenderEmployed
8 Source: Statistics Canada, Labour Force Survey
In 2016, 24.2% of employed youth
in Alberta had no degree,
certificate or diploma compared to
9.4% for employed Albertans aged
15 years and over, and 37.4% of
youth had high school diploma as
their highest level of education
compared to 22.1% of Albertans
aged 15 years and over (Table 8).
24.2% of employed youth had no
degree, certificate or
diploma in 2016
among employed youth with a
University degree
Among employed youth with a
university degree, 69.5% were
females and 30.1% were males
(Table 9). For employed youth with
high school diploma as their
highest level of education, 58.7%
were males and 41.3% were
females.
Employed Alberta youth by highest level of education attained, 2016 Table 8
* Insufficient data
Proportion of Persons 15 years and over in Alberta that Completed a Post-Secondary Education Table 9
* Insufficient data
30.1%
were men
69.5%
were women
Education Level
Albertans
(15+ years)
Albertans
(15 to 24 years)
No degree, certificate or diploma 9.4% 24.2%
High school graduate 22.1% 37.4%
High school graduate, some post-secondary 5.0% 12.8%
Postsecondary certificate or diploma Without high
school diploma2.0% *
Postsecondary certificate or diploma With high
school diploma33.0% 16.4%
University degree 28.4% 8.8%
Total 100.0% 100.0%
Education Level
Youth
(15-24 years) Male Share Female Share
No degree, certificate or diploma 73,500 55.0% 45.0%
High school graduate 113,400 58.7% 41.3%
High school graduate, some post-
secondary38,800 49.2% 50.8%
Postsecondary certificate or diploma
Without high school diploma* * *
Postsecondary certificate or diploma
With high school diploma49,700 47.7% 52.3%
University degree 26,600 30.1% 69.5%
Education
9 Source: Statistics Canada, Labour Force Survey
The proportion of youth
employed in part-time positions
was 41.0%, more than double the
proportion for Albertans 15
years and older, at 18.6%
(Table 10). The proportion of
female youth in part-time
employment was 48.2%, which
was 13.9 percentage points higher
than the proportion for male
youth.
The proportion of youth in Alberta
who looked for full-time work but
worked part-time due to business
conditions, or could not find full-
time employment, was 8.5%,
which was 2.7 percentage points
lower than the provincial average
of 11.2% (Table 11).
Full-time and Part-time Employment by Gender, 2016 Table 10
Reasons for Part-Time Employment, 2016 Table 11
18.6%
41.0%
Employed Share Employed Share
Both Sexes 303,200 100.0% 2,263,800 100.0%
Full-Time 179,000 59.0% 1,842,000 81.4%
Part-Time 124,200 41.0% 421,800 18.6%
Male 158,400 100.0% 1,233,500 100.0%
Full-Time 104,000 65.7% 1,094,700 88.7%
Part-Time 54,400 34.3% 138,900 11.3%
Female 144,800 100.0% 1,030,200 100.0%
Full-Time 75,000 51.8% 747,300 72.5%
Part-Time 69,800 48.2% 282,900 27.5%
Albertans (15 to 24 years) Albertans (15+ years)
Full-time and Part-time Employment
Reason for working part-time
Albertans
(15 to 24 years)
Albertans
(15+ years)
Going to school 67.4% 23.8%
Personal preference 6.4% 25.4%
Business conditions, did not look for full-time work in last month 8.9% 13.0%
Could not find full-time work, did not look for full-time work in last month 2.7% 2.6%
Business conditions, looked for full-time work in last month 5.2% 7.0%
Could not find full-time work, looked for full-time work in last month 3.3% 4.2%
Other reasons 6.3% 23.9%
Total 100.0% 100.0%
10 Source: Statistics Canada, Labour Force Survey
Overall, youth in Alberta earned
less per hour than the provincial
average at each level of
education (Table 12). The average
hourly wage paid to youth was
$12.38 less than the provincial
average hourly wage in 2016.
Average hourly wage
The average hourly wage paid to
male youth was higher at all levels
of education than the wage paid to
female youth in 2016; except for
those with a university degree;
were on average women 15-24 on
average earned $0.97 more an
hour (Table 13). The highest wage
gap between male and female
occurred at the Post-secondary
certificate or diploma at $5.14.
Average Hourly Wages by Highest Level of
Education Attained, 2016 Table 12
* Insufficient data
Average Hourly Wages of Alberta Youth by Highest Level Education Attained and Gender, 2016 Table 13
Educational Level Youth Male Female
Less than high school $14.16 $15.16 $12.98
High school graduate $16.66 $17.63 $15.28
Some post-secondary $16.19 $17.47 $14.98
Post-secondary certificate or diploma $20.31 $23.03 $17.89
University degree $23.69 $23.01 $23.98
All Education Levels $17.23 $18.08 $16.32
Youth Wages
$29.61
$17.23
Educational Level Alberta Alberta Youth
Less than high school $20.34 $14.16
High school graduate $24.00 $16.66
Some post-secondary $22.90 $16.19
$30.83 *
$30.92 $20.30
University degree $36.53 $23.69
All Education Levels $29.61 $17.23
Post-secondary certificate or diploma without high
school completion
Post-secondary certificate or diploma with high school
completion
$16.32$18.08
© 2017 Government of Alberta Published: May 2017 ISBN 978-1-4601-3451-1 ISSN 2292-8197
All of the following definitions are from the Guide to the Labour Force Survey, Statistics Canada.
Employment Rate: The number of persons employed expressed as a percentage of working age population (WAP).
Industry: The general nature of the business carried out by the establishment for whom the respondent works (main job only).
Labour Force: The labour force is the portion of the civilian, non-institutional population 15 years of age and over who, during the survey reference week, were employed or unemployed. The reference week is defined as the week, usually containing the 15th day of the month, in which information is collected for the Labour Force Survey.
Participation Rate: The total labour force expressed as a percentage of the population aged 15 years and over. This measure represents the proportion of the said population that is either employed or actively seeking employment.
Call us or visit our website for more information or to find the following
publications:
Annual Alberta Labour Market Review
Monthly Alberta Labour Force Statistics Highlights and Packages
Alberta’s Occupational Demand and Supply Outlook
Alberta Labour Force Profiles
Alberta Industry Profiles
www.work.alberta.ca/labour.html (See Labour Market Information)
In Edmonton: 780.422.4266 Long distance: 1.800.661.3753
Working Age Population: Those persons 15+ years except persons living on Indian reserves, inmates of institutions, and regular members of the Canadian Armed Forces.
Average Hourly Wage: Based on hourly wage before taxes and other deductions, and include tips and commissions. Only persons who are an employee are included in the average.
Working age population: Those persons 15+ years except persons living on Indian
reserves, inmates of institutions, and full-time members of
the Canadian Armed Forces.
Youth: Those persons 15 to 24 years.
Appendix
