DODD-WALLS CENTREFOR PHOTONIC AND QUANTUM TECHNOLOGIES

2018 ANNUAL REPORT

Cover image: Science wānanga participants on the Takitimu (Waihīrere) marae, Wairoa.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Introduction 1

ReportfromtheChair 2

ReportfromtheDirector 4

Dodd-WallsCentreresearchfellowships:Introducingthreerisingstars 6

DWCresearch-impactedtechnologies 15

Researchthemesandhighlights 16

2018researchhighlights 18

DWCresearchexcellence 30

Nurturingdiversity 35

Educationalandpublicoutreach 38

Industryactivities 48

Strategicoutcomes 54

ValuecreationintheDodd-WallsCentre 56

Communicatingwithmetaphors 57

Factsandfigures 59

Finances 61

Members,governanceandmanagement 62

OrganisationalandcommitteestructureoftheDodd-WallsCentre 70

2018Peer-reviewedjournalpublications 74

PhDStudentSoniaMobassemmakingadjustmentstoherresearchapparatus.

INTRODUCTION

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HostUniversity

NewZealand’sDodd-WallsCentreisanationalCentreofResearchExcellenceinvolvingsixuniversitiesandisadministrativelyhostedbytheUniversityofOtago.OurresearchfocusesonNewZealand’sacknowledgedstrengthinthefieldsofprecisionatomicandquantumopticalphysics,andsensingapplicationsrangingfromthesizeofsingleatomstocrustal-scalegeologicfeaturessuchastheAlpineFault.

Ourresearchexploresthelimitsofcontrolandmeasurementattheatomicscalethroughtheuseoflaserlight,thegenerationandmanipulationoflightatitsmostfundamental,quantumlevelandtheprocessingandphysicalnatureofinformationinthisquantumrealm.

OurnamehonourstwoNewZealandpioneersinthesefields.JackDodd(1922–2005),knownforthefirstexperimentsofthequantumbeatphenomenonandthetheoreticalexplanation,andDanWalls(1942–1999)whowasaccomplishedacrossquantumoptics,biophotonics,opticalbistability,andwasactiveinthefieldofBose-Einsteincondensation.

Our Mission is• tocreatearesearchcentrethatisrecognisedasoneofthe

world’sleadingorganisationsinthefieldofphotonicandquantumtechnologies;

• tobuildupontheacknowledgedstrengthofNewZealandintheareasofnon-linearandquantumopticsandprecisionatomicphysics;

• totrainanddevelopskilledstaffandstudentstothehighestinternationalstandards;

• tohelpdevelopthehigh-techindustrysector,thusensuringeconomicgrowthandcontinuedcareerpathwaysinNewZealand.

Collaborating PartnersTertiary Partners UniversityofOtago(HostInstitution),TheUniversityofAuckland,MasseyUniversity,UniversityofCanterbury,VictoriaUniversityofWellington,andTheUniversityofWaikato.

Non-Tertiary PartnersCallaghanInnovation,SouthernPhotonics,OtagoMuseum,AucklandUniServicesLimited,andOtagoInnovationLimited.

International Partners CentreforQuantumTechnologies,Singapore;FraunhoferCentreforAppliedPhotonicsandtheUniversityofStrathclyde,U.K.,theJointQuantumInstitute,USA,andtheUniversityofScienceandTechnology,Anhui,China.

REPORT FROM THE CHAIR

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ItisanextraordinaryprivilegetobeaskedtochairacentrecomprisingasmanybrilliantmindsastheDodd-WallsCentre.Thisannualreportdescribesthescarcelyimaginableintellectualambitionofwelloveronehundredhighlygiftedresearchers,selectedbecausetheyareamongsttheverybrightestoftheirgeneration,allhereinNewZealandstudyinginternationallyimportantchallengesinmodernphysics.Whetherjuststartingtheircareersornowatamaturephase,theirobjectiveistotakehumanunderstandingoftheworldaroundusfurtherthanhasbeenachievedbyanyotherindividualworkinganywhereoratanytimehitherto.IcanimaginenobetterexampleoftheirachievementthanthestunningdiscoverybyHowardCarmichaeldescribedinthisyear’shighlights.Hehashelpedpredictanddemonstratethatchangesinthequantumstatesofmatterarenotinstantaneous,buthappenveryquicklyandsmoothlyinrealtime.Thisis“bigphysics”ofglobalsignificance.

TheroleofaGovernanceBoardinaCentreofthisnatureistohelptheDirectorcreateamorecohesiveinfrastructureofsupportandencouragementsoastobringoutsynergiesandcollaborationwhichenableindividualstoexcel.WemustensurethatthefundingsupportprovidedbytheTECisappliedprudentlytocreateoutcomesfromthecollectivewhichwouldnotoccuriftheindividualacademicsinvolvedjustworkedaloneintheirownInstitutions.

TheevolutionoftheCentrehasseenagrowthinnotonlythenumberofjointpublications,butalsothenumberofjointresearchproposals.Manyofthesearecross-institutional–e.g.KeithGordoninChemistryatOtagocollaborateswithFrederiqueVanholsbeekandKaspervanWijkinPhysicsatAucklandonanappliedprojectforthemeatindustry–butothercollaborationsandconnectionshavebeenformedinunexpectedplaces.Forexample,althoughonlyastairwellaway,BerndKrauskopf(Maths)andNeilBroderick(Physics)onlyfoundcommonresearchintereststhroughtheCentre.In2018theypublishedthreepaperstogether.Otherexamplesincludecross-CoREcollaborationinneuroscience(e.g.Cheyne,BroderickandVanholsbeek).

ThisincreaseincollaborationwouldnothaveoccurredwithoutthefundingprovidedtotheCoRE.ItfundsMonthlyseminarsacrossallthemes.Theseseminarsarevideo-linked.Thepresentersareencouragedtogotoanothercentre(e.g.AucklandresearchwillbepresentedinOtago)andvisitotherlabsaspartoftheprocess.Studentsparticularlyareencouragedtovisitotherlabs,andbuildcollaborations.TheTECfundingisalsousedtosponsoranannualsymposiumfilledwithopportunitiestomingleanddiscusswork,aswellasfundWorkshopsforstudents–e.g.KiwiNetcommercialisationworkshops,andourownin-houseentrepreneurshipworkshops–allofwhichencouragescollaborationandinteractionbetweenstudents.

TheTECfundingisalsoappliedtoleveragepublicoutcomesfromtheresearch–bethisoutreachactivityorengagementwithindustry.Isolatedacademicshavefewincentivestoexplorethecommercialimplicationsoftheirresearch.ButwithintheCoREweusetheTECfundingtoencourageentrepreneurialengagementwithbusiness.Wehaveusedthefundingtocreateagrantpoolfordevelopingnewideasanddirectionswhereapremiumisplaceduponcollaborativeideas.TheDodd-WallsCentrewasfirsttocreateanIndustryAdvisoryBoardalongsideourScienceAdvisoryBoard.AdirectresultoftheiradvicethisyearwastheuseofsomeofourdiscretionaryTECfundingtoemployaBusinessDevelopmentManagertohelpbuildourrelationshipswithIndustry.DWCeventsaretakenseriouslybyindustry.Workingwithusproducesresults.ThisisbecausetheDWCprovidesaclearpointofcallforharnessingthebestteaminNewZealandforanythingtodowithlight,photonicsandprecisionmeasurement.Ifwecan’tdoit,weknowthemanorwomanthatcan.TheDWChassetaggressivemilestonesforitsengagementwithindustry.Thesemilestoneshaveallbeenmetandweareconfidentthatwewilldelivertheminimumof500%returnoninvestmentaftertenyearswepromisedinourfoundingCoREbiddocument.OurcollaborationwiththeNZmeatindustryonassessmentofmeatqualityshoulddeliverthisonitsown.SignificantlythiscollaborationcouldnotexistwithouttheCoRE.Thecollaborativeteamthatwassetuptosolvethis

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problemofhowtoassessmeatqualitytookthebestresearchersinNewZealand,withanaimofidentifyingthebesttechniquetoassessmeatqualitywhilststillonthemeatchain.Noindividualtechniquewasaprioripreferred.Noindividualteamhadavestedinterestinmakingsuretheirtechniqueworked.TheCoREwasabletoassesswhatwouldpotentiallyworkbestinacommercialenvironment,thendropthetechniquesthatweren’tefficient,accurateorcosteffective.TheCentrealsogaveashopfrontwithwhichthemeatindustrycouldengage,ratherthanindividualresearchersofferingindividualsolutions.

AswellasworkingwithestablishedNZindustries,weareusingtheTECfundingtoencourageentrepreneurshipbasedonresearchwithintheCentre.ThisisnowherebetterexemplifiedthanintheeffortsofDWCPrincipalInvestigator,ProfessorCatherSimpson,whohastakenherlightbasedtechnologycompany,EngenderTechnologies,frominceptiontoacquisitionthisyear.Hertechnologyuseslaserlighttodeterminethesexofbullspermsoenablingspermselectiontoavoidthecreationofbobbycalves.ThispromisestocreatehugeefficiencyandanimalwelfaregainsintheNZbeefindustry,andCatherhavingnowraisedover$20Mofnewfundingiscurrentlyhelpingthenewownerswithcommercialisation.

TheGovernanceBoardhasalsosupportedtheCoREDirector,ProfessorHutchinson,toaddressstrategicissuesrelevanttotheCoRE’smainresearchsuchasthecomingquantumage.InEuropeandtheUnitedStates,andincreasingly,China,Governmentsaremakinghugeinvestmentsinthedevelopmentofquantumtechnology.AdriverintheUK,especially,hasbeentodevelopsovereigncapability.ItisimportantthatNZdoeslikewisesothatwecanharnessthenewtechnologyfornicheapplicationsinwhichwecanexcel.TheDodd-WallsstrengthinthisareawashighlightedbythevisitfromCentreforQuantumTechnologies(Singapore)Director,ArturEkert,inMay.Ekert,alsoaFellowofMertonCollege,Oxford,visitedtheDodd-WallsCentregivingapubliclectureattheOtagoMuseum,aswellasspeakingataneventhostedbytheHonDrMeganWoodsintheGrandHallofParliament.Thiseventwasattendedbyseniormembersofdefence,intelligenceandthebankingsectorsandfocussedontheroleoffuturequantumtechnologyincryptographyandthesecurityofourinformation–andmoney.TheDodd-WallsCentreisn’tonlyimportantinsupportingourcurrentgrowinghigh-techsector,it’sessentialforourfutureprosperityandsecurity.

REPORT FROM THE DIRECTOR

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WithintheDodd-WallsCentreweareevermindfulthatourCoREfundingcomesfromtheTertiaryEducationCommissionandishencepartoftheVoteEducationbudgetratherthanVoteBusiness,ScienceandInnovation,fromwherethemajorityofourotherexternalresearchincome(throughtheMBIEEndeavourandMarsdenFunds)comes.Itisthereforeimportanttonotethatnearly60%ofthemembersoftheDodd-WallsCentrearepostgraduatestudents,withatotalof138students.ThisisthehighestnumbersincetheinceptionoftheCentre.Perhapsmoreimportantly,whenwenowlookatthedestinationsofourgraduatingstudents,morethanhalfofthemaregoingontobeemployedinNewZealand(22outof41graduatingin2018).Thispercentageandtotalnumberkeepsgrowingyearonyear–comparewith2015whenonly7outofatotalof31graduatingstudentswereemployedinNewZealand.ThisisadirecteffectoftheCentreandtheCentre’sactiveengagementwithNewZealandindustry.ItisalsoareflectionoftheadditionalactivitiesavailabletoDWCstudents.Weprovidethemwithaccesstocourses,eitherin-houseorthroughpartnerships,suchasinentrepreneurshipandhowtocommercialiseanidea,aswellasindividuallytailoredcareeradvice,exposingstudentstoaworldofopportunityoutsideacademia.AsNewZealand’seconomydiversifies–adiversificationweworkhardtosupport–theneedformoreandmorehighlynumerate,highlyskilled,problem-solvinggraduateswillonlygrowandgrow.ThepremiumplacedonthesegraduatesbyindustrycanbeseeninthefigurefromtheWaikatoBusinessSchool’sreportongraduateremunerationreproducedonpage49.ThishasonlyintensifiedinthepastdecadeandhasbeenreiteratedbymorerecentstudiesfromUniversitiesNewZealand.ItisthereforeessentialforNewZealand’seconomicwellbeingthatwecontinuetotraintheseabsolutelyworldclassstudents.

Ingeneralthough,ourstudentsdon’tundertakegruellingPhDsbecauseofthecareeropportunitiesthatawaitthemafterwards.Theirmotivationisthescience.Andthesciencehereisfantastic.OurCentreisaworldplayerintermsofquantumphysicsandphotonics.In2018wepublishedmorepapersthaneverbefore,includingmorethantenpapersintheNature groupofpublicationsorPhysical

Review Letters,theflagshipjournalinphysics.Sinceourfirstentryintothetop10intheNature Indexassessmentofresearchimpactin2016,wehaverisenasaninstitutionto8thplaceinNewZealandinanassessmentthatincludesalluniversitiesandCRIs,withtheDodd-WallsCentretheleadingNewZealandcontributorinthePhysicalSciencesaccordingtothismeasure.Wealsoattractaconstantstreamofhighprofileinternationalvisitors–examplesfrom2018includeArturEkert(DirectoroftheCentreforQuantumTechnologiesinSingaporeandaFellowofMertonCollege,Oxford)andGerdLeuchs(DirectoroftheMaxPlanckInstitutefortheScienceofLightinGermany).TheDodd-WallsCentre,throughtheaggregationofexcellentindividuals,itspromotionofcollaboration,anditsabilitytosupportlonger-termresearchvision,resultinginhigherprofileresearchimpacts,thereforecanprojectonaworldstage,whichinturnallowsustoofferexcitingopportunitiesforourhome-grownstudentsandalsoattractsomeofthebestandbrightestfromaroundtheworld.PromotingandsupportingtheambitionsofNewZealandbornstudentsisobviouslywonderful,butthereisalsohugebenefiteconomicallyfromattractingandsupportingoverseastalent.APhDscholarshipforthedurationofthestudents’studycostsaround$100k.MBIEdatasuggestsaroundhalfinternationalPhDstudentsremaininNZaftergraduating.Thatmeansfor,onaverage,$200kweproduceanewdoctoral-leveleducatedNewZealandcitizen.Giventheclearneeddemonstratedabove,thisisahugeeconomicboonforNewZealand.

Butletusreturntoourhome-grownstudents.Studyinginthephysicalsciencesisessentiallyaguaranteeofemploymentandtranslatesintoaneconomicpremiumintermsoftotalcareerincome.Thismessageisnotwellconveyedtothepublicandiscertainlynotwellunderstoodinthecontextoffamilieswhohaveperhapsneverengagedwithtertiaryeducation.Iwasthefirstinmyfamilytoremainineducationpasttheageof15.IwasincrediblyluckywiththesupportivefamilyIhadandthevaluetheyplaceduponeducationandmypassionforscience–apassionthatwasnurturedbythemandbygoodteachers.OneofmyearliestmemoriesofscienceisfromavisittotheNaturalHistoryMuseumandtheScienceMuseumwithmyfather.Museums,as

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institutionsofinformallearning,aresovaluable.IamthereforeveryproudofwhatwehaveachievedthroughtheDodd-WallsCentrebytakingtheuniqueinitiativeofpartneringwiththemuseumsector.Oureducationoutreachprogrammeishighlyfeaturedinthisyear’sannualreport.In2018weengagedinnearly100educationoutreacheventsinwhichliterallytensofthousandsofourrangatahiparticipated.Thisdoesnotincludepassiveeventslikeindividualtalksbyourmembers.OurpartnershipwiththeOtagoMuseumhasbeenincrediblyfruitfulandrewardingandourpartnershipwiththeMuseumofTransportandTechnology(MOTAT)inAucklandgoesfromstrengthtostrength.InMay2019weopenourtravellingexhibition,Mighty Small, Mighty Bright, showcasing,inpartnershipwiththeMacDiarmidInstitute,technologycomingfromourCentresandthesciencebehindthoseinnovations,atMOTATon16thMay–theUNESCOInternationalDayofLight.Comeandjoinus!

ThejoyofsharingthestoriesbehindourscienceandthethrillofunderstandingrunsthroughtheheartofourCentre.Inspiringthenextgenerationofscientists,creatingwealthforourunder-representedcommunities,isacentraldriverforwhatwedo.Akeystoneofouroutreachprogrammeisoursupportofthemarae-basedScienceWānangaprogramme.Thedaysspentonthemaraeaspartofthesewānangacanbelifechanging.Notjustforthestudents.With70%ofourstaffcomingfromoverseasandmanyofourstudentsneverhavingsetfootonamarae,educationrunsbothways.Asimportantasanyknowledgegainedastohowphysicalsciencescanhelpourunderstandingofwaterquality,orhelpmanageouragricultureorwhatcareersyoumighthavethroughstudyingphysics,istheexperienceandunderstandingofmāoritangathatourstaffandstudentsgain.Personally,IwillneverforgetanyofmywānangaacrosstheNorthandSouthIslandandtimespentatKōpingaMaraeonChathamIsland.

Showcasingthebenefitofscienceforoursociety,ourpeopleand,especially,ourunder-representedgroupsissomethingthatourCentrecanreallydrive.OurworkinNewZealandhasbeentrulywonderful,butitsimpacthastakenusevenfurtherafield.2018sawustakeouroutreachintothewiderPacific.InpartnershipwiththeOtagoMuseum’sMBIEUnlockingCuriousMindsprojectFar from frozen,2018sawtheDodd-WallsCentresendeducationoutreachprogrammestoNiueandtheCookIslandsthankstogeneroussupportfromAirNewZealandandtheUSEmbassy.WithfurtherthankstoMFATthiswillbeextendedtoTonga,SamoaandFijiin2019.SupportingscienceeducationforourPasifikapopulationintheirhomeswillenhancetheopportunitiestheyhave.ManyofourPacificcousinswillfindNewZealandintheirfuture.Byhelpingcreateinterestandopportunitiesinthesecommunities,wesupportpotentialbeneficialoutcomeshere,backinNewZealand.Wecarrythroughthisengagementtothecommunitieshere–forexamplein2020wearedelightedtobetakingouroutreachteamandLabinaBoxtoPolyfestforthefirsttime.

TheDodd-WallsCentredoesgreatscience.It’sagiven.Itdoeswhatitsaysonthetin–it’saCentreofResearchExcellence.WhatmakestheDodd-WallsCentrespecial,thevalueitadds,comesthroughtherelationshipsitfosters:relationshipsbetweenacademiaandmuseums;ourrelationshipwithNewZealand’sgrowinghigh-techindustrysector;relationshipsbetweenstudentsandacademicsandourcommunities;collaborativerelationshipsbetweenresearchersintheCentreandthoserelationshipswithresearchersindifferentinstitutionsandoverseas.Asalways,what’simportant?Hetangata,hetangata,hetangata.

Makingtheleapfrompostgraduateandpostdoctoralresearchtoapermanentpositionisoneofthehardestchallengesinascientificcareer.It’sacatch-22situation.Employerswantevidencethatapplicantscanworkindependentlyandhaveteachingexperience.Butoftentheonlywaytoachievethosethingsisinapositionthatisnot‘researchonly’.TheDodd-WallsCentre’sResearchFellowshipsoffersupporttoyoungscientistsatthiscrucialstage.Therecipientsgetfreedom,independenceandfundingtopursuetheirownideas,establishindependentcollaborations,teachandultimatelyforgeapathoftheirown.

Thissectionintroducesyoutothreerisingstarswhorecentlybegantheirresearchfellowships.

DODD-WALLS CENTRE RESEARCH FELLOWSHIPS: INTRODUCING THREE RISING STARS

The Agnes Blackie Memorial Fellowship: Inspiring Global Service and Diversity in ScienceAgnesBlackiewasthefirstfemalephysicslecturerinNewZealand.ShewasalmostcertainlytheSouthernHemisphere’stheonlyfemalephysicsacademicwhenappointedtothefacultyoftheUniversityofOtago’sPhysicsDepartment.

Encouragedbyhermothertoattenduniversity,AgnesfellinlovewithPhysicsasanundergraduateandthroughoutherlifeshefolloweditsdevelopmentwithintenseinterest.Sheoncesaid“it’slikechasinganexpresstraintokeepupwithit.”

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“ IT WAS A GREAT HONOUR TO RECEIVE THE FELLOWSHIP. FROM WHAT I’VE LEARNT ABOUT AGNES BLACKIE I FIND HER VERY INSPIRING.” DR JAMI SHEPHERD

ImageofAgnesBlackieinalecturetheatre,c/nE5302/NA,HockenCollections,UareTaokaoHakena,UniversityofOtago.

Shewasfirstappointedassistantlecturerin1919andfromthenuntilherretirementin1958,shededicatedherselftoherstudents.Aninspiredandinspiringteacher,sheenlivenedherlectureswithdemonstrationsandtookaspecialinterestinthosewhowerestruggling.Shetaughtarangeofstudentsinadditiontothosespecialisinginphysicsandmanyafuturedoctoranddentistthankedherforgettingthemthroughtheircompulsoryphysicscourse.

Inherearlydaysshehadtoendureconsiderableteasingwhenteachingstudentsolderthanherincludingreturnedservicemen.UnderstandingthechallengesofbeingawomaninPhysicsshetookspecialcareofherfemalestudentsinvitingthemalltoteaatherhomeonSundayafternoons.

Sheplayedanactiveroleinthewomen’sfaculty,whichhaditsowncommonroomandprovidedsupportandsocialgatheringsforwomenacrosscampus.ShewasalsoanearlysupporteroftheInternationalCluboftenhostinginternationalstudentsinherhome.Shewasconcernedforthequalityofstudentaccommodationandtookaleadroleinimprovingconditions.

WearedelightedtobeabletohonourAgnesBlackie(1897-1975)withthenamingofthisfellowship.

TheinauguralAgnesBlackieMemorialResearchFellowshipwasawardedonthe100thanniversaryofAgnesBlackie’sappointmentasfirstfemalephysicslecturerinNewZealand.Therecipient,JamiShepherd(Johnson),isagiftedphysicistwithafocusonserviceandencouragingdiversityinphysics-awomanafterAgnes’sownheart.

“Itwasagreathonourtoreceivethefellowship,”Jamisays.“FromwhatI’velearntaboutAgnesBlackieIfindherveryinspiring.OneofhermaingoalswastoinspirestudentsandshethoughtPhysicswasthebestwaytodothat.Youcanteachthemaboutthefundamentalsofwhattheyseeeverydaybutalso,abouttheuniversewhichissofarawayfromusandthenthemosttinymoleculesandatomsthatyoucan’tevensee.”

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“ THE INVESTIGATORS IN THE CORE ARE REALLY ENTHUSIASTIC SO IT’S FUN TO BE ABLE TO BOUNCE IDEAS OFF THEM. HAVING THE DODD-WALLS CENTRE’S SUPPORT AS A RELATIVELY YOUNG INVESTIGATOR IS THE BIGGEST THING.” DR JAMI SHEPHERD

OriginallyfromtheUSA,JamifirstcametoTheUniversityofAucklandoverfouryearsagotodoherPhDwithDodd-WallsCentrePrincipalInvestigator,KasperVanWijk.DuringherPhDshedevelopedanewnon-invasivemedicaltechniqueusingacombinationoflaserlightandultrasoundtogenerateimagesofarteriesthatcouldbeusedtoscreenforriskofstrokes.Herproject,featuredinthe2017annualreport,wasagreatsuccess.Sincethen,shehasbeenworkingasapostdocattheSorbonneUniversitéinParisdevelopingultrasoundtechniquesforseeingbloodflowinbone.Shewasdelightedtogettheopportunitytoreturn.

“NewZealandfeelslikehometomenowandIwasitchingtocomeback,”Jamisays.

ThefellowshipgivesJamitheopportunitytorunherownindependentproject.Shewillbeworking

alongsideandcollaboratingcloselywithKasperVanWijkandhisteaminthePhysicalAcousticsLaboratoryatTheUniversityofAuckland.Herprojectwillcontinuethefocusonimagingblood-flowwithinbones.

“Therearetinyveinsandarteriesthatrunthroughourbones,”Jamiexplains.“It’sreallyimportanttobeabletomonitorbloodflowthroughthembecausethehealthofourbonesdependsonit.Bloodflowbringsinnutrients,keepsourbonesstrongandallowsthemtohealfromfractures.”

However,findingawaytoimagebloodflowinboneisextremelychallenging.

“Mostclinicalultrasoundmachinesassumethatwe’remadeofallwater,”Jamiexplains.“That’saprettygoodassumptioninallcasesexceptforbone.Itistheonestructureinourbodythatistoocomplicatedtomakethatassumption.”

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Developing new medical techniques for bone health

Tosolvethisproblem,Jamiistakinginspirationfromthetechniquesseismologistsusetogeneratemapsofrockstructuresbeneaththeearth’ssurface.

“Thecomplexpropertiesofboneareinmanywaysanalogoustothecomplexpropertiesoftheearth”Jamiexplains.“Wecanapplysimilartechniquestomedicalimaging.Ourlabhasalsousedseismicmethodsformeasuringpropertiesoffruitandtimber.There’salotwecanlearnfromdifferentfieldsandseeinghowtheyaddresstheproblems.”

Afteracoupleofmonthsinthefellowship,JamihasalreadyconnectedwithDodd-WallsCentreinvestigatorsacrossNewZealandandisexcitedbythepotentialforcollaboration.

“TheinvestigatorsintheCoREarereallyenthusiasticsoit’sfuntobeabletobounceideasoffthem,”Jamisays.“HavingtheDodd-WallsCentre’ssupportasarelativelyyounginvestigatoristhebiggestthing.”

JamiwillalsocontinuetoworkwithhercollaboratorsoverseasatDelftUniversityofTechnologyandSorbonneUniversitéinFrance.

Service and Outreach: Inspiring diversity in physics by focusing on global health issuesInaccordancewithAgnesBlackie’sspiritofserviceandsupportingdiversity,tenpercentofJami’sfellowshiptimeandonethirdofherbudgetisassignedtoserviceandoutreach.Jamiplanstostartauniversitystudentchapterfocusingontechnologyforaddressingglobalhealthinequalities.

“Theplanistogetabunchofstudentstogetherandinviteguestspeakers”Jamisays.“Theaimistoraiseawarenessandstartlearninghowsciencecanbeusedtoaddressglobalissues.”

“Onlyabouttenpercentoftheglobalhealthresearchbudgetisdedicatedtoninetypercentofthediseaseburden,”Jamiexplains.“Medicaltechnologyisespeciallyproblematic.Althoughhigh-techequipmentisdonateditoftencan’tbeused.”

BeforecomingtoNewZealandforherPhD,JamivolunteeredinRwandawithanorganisationcalledEngineeringWorldHealth.

“Itwashardtoseepilesofequipmentthatoncecostmillionsofdollarssittingcompletelyunused,”shesays.“AfewofthemachinesIfixedjustneededsoftwareupdatessoIcalledupthe

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AnultrasoundmachinethatJamirepairedinRwanda.

Jamirepairinganx-raydeveloperinRwanda.

JamiworkingwithrangatahiattheTakitimu(Waihīrere)marae,WairoaduringaDWC-supportedScienceWānanga.

companiesandbeggedforthem.Oftentheyjustdidn’thavethetechnicianstofixequipment.Ithinkwehavesomeresponsibilitytoapplyourknowledgetosolvingthesebigproblems.”

Byfocusingonglobalhealththestudentchapteraimstoattractmoregirlstostudyphysics.

“IwassurprisedtolearnthatthemajorityofpeoplestudyingforaBachelorofScienceinNewZealandarewomenbuttheytendtogotowardsthehealth-relatedfields.”

JamithinksthatthehealthandhumanitarianfocusmayalsoappealtoMāori,Pasifikaandothercommunitieswithmoredirectexperienceofhealthinequalities.

“MāoriandPasifikamakeupaquarterofNewZealand’spopulation,”Jamisays,“butonlytwopercentofthescientificworkforce.”

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JamiwithsomeoftheteamsheworkedwithinRwanda.

" THE AIM IS TO RAISE AWARENESS AND START LEARNING HOW SCIENCE CAN BE USED TO ADDRESS GLOBAL ISSUES.” DR JAMI SHEPHERD

JamesCroftisanultracoldcollisiontheorist.Hespecialisesinunderstandingthecomplexquantumdancethattakesplacewhentwoverycoldmoleculescollide.Thisfieldofresearchtakeschemistrytoitsmostfundamentallevel.IntheexperimentsthatJamesanalyses,themoleculesarecooledtoafractionofadegreeaboveabsolutezero.Removingtherandomnessthatcomewithhighertemperaturesitispossibletoobserve,measure,andcontrolchemicalreactionswithgreatprecision.

“Ifyouthinkaboutmixingtwobeakersofliquidtogetheratroomtemperatureit’sjustamess,”Jamesexplains.“Yourmoleculesareallvibratingandrotatingindifferentenergystateswhichmakesitreallyhardtoworkoutwhat’sgoingon.Butintheseultracoldexperimentsthemoleculesstopvibratingandrotatingandyoucanthrowthemtogetheroneatatime.Byunderstandingthesesimplesystemswecangetinsightsintomorecomplicatedthingsandultimatelylearntocontrolreactions.”

OriginallyfromtheUK,JamesdidhisPhDinultracoldcollisionsatDurhamUniversity.Afterthat,heheldtwopostdoctoralpositions–firstattheJointInstituteforLaboratoryAstrophysics(JILA),theprestigiousUSresearchcentre,andthenattheUniversityofNevadainLasVegas.Hewaslookingforachancetoestablishanindependentcareerwhenhesawthejob-advertfortheDodd-WallsCentreFellowship.ItwasanidealfitasseveralexperimentalgroupsintheCentrewereworkingonultracoldcollisions.However,therewasnotheoristinthisarea.

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New Fellow drawn to work with New Zealand’s very own lhc

JamesnowcollaborateswiththeLightandMatterGroupattheUniversityofOtagoledbyPrincipalInvestigatorNielsKjaergaard.Thegroup’srenownedexperimentalfacility,affectionatelynamedthe“LittlestHadronCollider,”orLHC,wasfeaturedinthe2016AnnualReport.JustliketheLargeHadronColliderinEurope,itsmashesparticlestogetherbutattheoppositeextremeofverylowenergies.Ituseslaserstotrapcloudsofatoms,coolthemtoafractionofadegreeaboveabsolutezero,nudgethemintoeachotherandobservethewaytheyscatter.Inthelasttwoyears,theteamhasachievedseveralworld-firstobservationsusingthefacilityandtheyrecentlypublishedthethirdinahat-trickofpublicationsinNatureCommunications.Theyhavebeenabletoviewquantumphenomenapreviouslyonlyspeculatedabout-atomspassingthrougheachotherlikeghostsandsometimesjoiningtogetherforamomenttoformakindofshort-termmoleculebeforereleasingindifferentdirections.

Jamesjoinsthegroupasatheoristastheymaketheexcitingtransitiontoworkingwithmoleculesratherthanindividualatoms.TheyhaveappliedforaMarsdengranttofurthersupporttheexperiments.

“It’sahappycoincidencebecausetwoyearsagoIwroteapaperoncollisionsofpotassium-rubidiummoleculesandnoonehasdonetheexperimentyet,”Jamessays.“ConvenientlyNielsandtheteamalreadyworkwithPotassiumandRubidiumatomssotheycancombinethemintomoleculesanddothe

experiments.Youspendyearsthinkingaboutthesethings.Itwouldbereallyexcitingtohavesomeonefinallytestingtheresults.”

AccordingtoJames,workingwithmoleculesismuchmoreinterestingthanindividualatoms.

“Moleculeshavemagneticdipolessotheyactabitlikelittlebarmagnets,”heexplains.

“Youcanusetheirmagneticmomentabitlikeahandletocontrolthedirectionofthemolecules…Bychangingtheangleatwhichtwomoleculescollideyoucanchangetheoutcome.Ultimatelywe’dliketobeabletousethistoturnareactiononoroff.That’sabigfocusofcoldchemistry.”

Eventuallythiskindofcontrolcouldleadtothedevelopmentofrevolutionarynewmaterialsandprocesses.Butfornowthereisaworldofcomplexitytounderstandinthefundamentalscience.Jamesisdelightedtohavesecuredaplaceinthiscommunityofresearchers.

SinceJamesarrivedinSeptember,hehasgiventhreetalks,travelledtoAucklandandconnectedwithresearchersacrossthecountry.

“It’sverymotivatingtohavelotsofpeopleinmyfieldtobounceideasoff”Jamessays.“That’soneoftheadvantagesofhavingtheDodd-WallsCentre.Ideascomeupwhereyoucancollaborate.Ithappensspontaneouslywhenyou’retalkingtopeopleovertea.”

12

Leading the world harnessing terahertz lightFiveyearsago,DominikVogtcamefromGermanytoNewZealandtodohisMastersinterahertzresearch–anexcitingnewfieldexploringalargelyunchartedregionoftheelectromagneticspectrumbetweeninfraredandmicrowaves.Nowhiscuttingedgeresearchcouldrevolutionisethefield.

DominikcompletedhisMastersandPh.D.withDodd-WallsCentreAssociateInvestigatorRainerLeonhardt(Leo).Togethertheyhavedevelopedatechnologybasedonwhisperinggallerymoderesonators(WGMRs)thatcouldtransformtheterahertzfield.HavingbeenawardedtheDWCresearchfellowshipDominikcannowkeepthemomentumgoingandbuildonthisearlysuccess.

“MygoalistofurtherdevelopourterahertzlabandestablishtheDodd-WallsCentreandNewZealandattheforefrontofthefield.Havingalltheequipmentandexpertiseavailablegivesmeasignificanthead-start.”

Unlikemostareasoftheelectromagneticspectrumterahertzisrelativelyunexplored.Thereasonisthatitisextremelyhardtoworkwith.Mostmaterialsabsorbterahertzverystrongly.Itisabitliketryingtomakesoupinapotmadeofsponge.

Withtheirnewtechnology,LeoandDominikhavedevelopedawaytocaptureterahertzradiationandbuilditsintensitysoitcanbeusedinapplications.Oneofthemostexcitingpossibilitiesisanewgenerationofultra-fastwirelessinternet.Operatingatmuchhigherfrequenciesthan5G,thefutureWIFIwillbeterahertz.Otherpotentialapplicationsincludemedicaldiagnostictoolstodetectskincancerandultra-sensitivesensorsformeasuringhumidityandgases.

Thephenomenonofwhisperinggallerymoderesonancewasfirstdiscoveredbythefamous19thcenturyscientistLordRaleighwhonoticedthatawhisperononesideofthelargecirculargallery

“ MY GOAL IS TO FURTHER DEVELOP OUR TERAHERTZ LAB AND ESTABLISH THE DODD-WALLS CENTRE AND NEW ZEALAND AT THE FOREFRONT OF THE FIELD." DR DOMINIK VOGT

13

inStPaul’sCathedralcouldbeheardallaroundthecircumference.SomethingsimilarhappensinDominikandLeo’sWGMRs.Theirdevicesaredeceptivelysimple,consistingofasmallbubbleofglassorasphereofsilicon.Themagichappenswhenyousendtheterahertzradiationin.Atmostfrequenciesitjustpoursouttheotherside.Butwhenthecircumferenceofthebubbleorspherebearsacertainrelationshiptothewavelengthoftheradiation,awhisperinggalleryresonanceoccursjustlikeinStPaul’sCathedral.

Theradiationgetstrappedinside,travellingaroundandaroundthecircumferenceandbuildinginintensity.

AlthoughothergroupsaroundtheworldhavetriedtomaketerahertzWGMRsnonehaveachievedsuchsuccess.

“Q-factorisameasureofhowgoodyourresonatoris,”Dominikexplains.“AQ-factorofmorethanathousandisconsideredoutstanding.OurQ-factoriscurrentlyabovetwentythousand–ordersofmagnitudehigher.”

TheresultcatapultsLeoandDominiktotheleadoftheinternationalterahertzcommunity.CollaborationswithDodd-WallsCentreresearchershavecontributedtotheirsuccess.HaraldSchwefelfromtheUniversityofOtagohelpedthemfine-tunetheirsystembyprovidingtheoreticalexpertise.HaraldSchwefelisaworld-expertincraftinganddevelopingcrystal

resonatorsforvisiblelight.DominikandLeoplantocontinuethecollaborationwithHaraldtoestablishlinksbetweentheopticalandterahertzresonators.

MiroErkintalo,alsoamemberoftheDodd-WallsCentrefromTheUniversityofAuckland,workedwithDominiktorefineanewmethodofdataanalysisforinterpretingtheirexperiments.TheirmethodhasattractedtheattentionofaprominentGermancompanywhoproduceterahertztechnologyandhavestruckupacollaborationwithDominik.

“Withoutthefinancialsupportofthefellowshipthecollaborationwouldbeimpossible,”Dominiksays.

ThefellowshiphasgiventheopportunityforDominiktoclaimhisspaceinthefieldandestablishhimasanindependentresearcher.HenowworksalongsideLeoasapeerratherthanastudent.

“Leoisagreatmentor,”hesays.“Wecontinuetohaveinvaluablediscussionsonrecentdevelopmentsinourfieldandregularlydeliberateourresearch;butnowIdevelopandimplementmyownprojectsandalsosuperviseastudentworkinginourlab,whichaddsanewexcitingperspectivetomyrole.”

AfterlivinghereforfiveyearsDominikandhispartnernowseeNewZealandashome.

“ItisaprivilegetoworkinthisfieldandIlovewhatIamdoing,”Dominiksays.

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DominikandLeointhelaboratory.

“ WITHOUT THE FINANCIAL SUPPORT OF THE FELLOWSHIP THE COLLABORATION WOULD BE IMPOSSIBLE.” DR DOMINIK VOGT

TheDodd-WallsCentreisanchoredinworld-classsciencewithmanyofourresearchersattheveryforefrontoftheirfields.Beyondthatthough,theCentrefacilitatesandpromotescollaboration.Thisleadsnotonlytonewandexcitingscience,butalsotoinnovativetechnologies.AnadvantageoftheCentreisthatitbringstogetherresearcherswithbackgroundsinbothphotonicsandquantumphysicsaroundthecommonthemeoflight.Thishasfosterednewcollaborationsandexchangeofideas,ofteninunpredictableareas,suchasnewpotentialmedicalimagingtechniquesbaseduponresourcesdevelopedforquantuminformationprocessing.Thesynergiesweseedevelopingdirectlyleadintoournewandfuturetechnologicalimpact.

DWC RESEARCH-IMPACTED TECHNOLOGIES

2d atomicarray

(Atomic ‘chip’quantum

computer)

Atomic ‘chip’or otherquantumdevices

New sensing and precision measurement devices

Information networks, sensing and precision measurementOur researchers and students work in two distinct domains as well as the connecting areas between them.

The photonics domain utilises laser light for optical devices, networking and communications. Sensing technologies are akey potential output of much DWC research and there are many dozens, if not hundreds of potential applications right acrossthe economy. Quantum technologies are at present in a theoretical and experimental stage of development, yet the ultimate

goal is to develop quantum devices that are faster and more energy efficient than currently available analogues.An advantage that the CoRE provides to New Zealand and previously independent researchers is that collaboration in the overlap

areas between photonic and quantum research, particularly in the area of sensing technologies, is promoted and enabled.

NEWLASER

SOURCES

Ends user devicesE.g. Internet,

consumer devices.Internet of things

(Device-device)

InformationStorage: Optical

computing

Assembly:tweezers

communication:vortices

Informationstorage:

new materials,e.g. Rare earth,quantum films

Superatoms,rare earthmaterials

quantumnetworks

Speed, bandwidth,efficiency

(atomic/particleinteractions)

Optical fibrenetworks

Speed, bandwidth,efficiency

(lightwaves)

AgriculturalMeat/fruit/

timber quality,sperm sorting

geologicalRotation,

earthquake,Resurfaceproperties

medicalDisease detection

devicesoptical:

Telecoms, roboticsAtomic clocks

quantum:Optical collider

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THEME 1a: Photonic Sensors and ImagingLeaderJon-Paul Wells, University of Canterbury

Lasersarethepowertoolsintheworldofscience.Inthisthemeweusetheirextraordinarylighttosee,hear,smellandfeelfarbeyondthereachofoursenses.Whenyoufirealaseratanobjectthereisatremendousamountofinformationinthelightthatbouncesback.Weusedifferentcolours,pulsesandpowersoflaserlighttolearnaboutthestructureandfunctionofbiologicaltissueandmanyothersurfaces.

OurexpertiseininterpretingthewaythatlightinteractswithmatterhasledtomanyunexpectedyetfruitfulcollaborationsacrossNewZealandandabroad.Forexample,wearedevelopingsensorstosortbullspermforthedairyindustry,detectbacteriaoncarcasses,gradethequalityofmeat,andlocateblossomsonkiwifruitplants.Weareworkingwithengineersandmedicalresearcherstodevelopatechniquefordetectingeyedisease,anewmethodformeasuringtheintensityofskinburnsandaforcesensorforkeyholesurgery.WearealsoworkingwithgeophysiciststomeasureearthquakevibrationsandtemperaturedeepwithinNewZealand’sAlpineFault.

Oursensingandimagingprojectsareunderpinnedbyastrongfocusontheoryandnumericalmodelling.Ourresearchersareworldrenownedfortheirunderstandingofnonlinearoptics–whenlightstopsbehavingaccordingtothenormalrules.Weareabletoexploitthesenonlineareffectstocreatenovelsensingandimagingtechnologies.

THEME 1b: Photonic Sources and ComponentsLeaderStéphane Coen, The University of Auckland

Theysayworkersareonlyasgoodastheirtools.Thisthemeisaboutdevelopingnewandimprovedlasers,newopticalmaterials,andotheropticaltoolsthatwillopennewfrontiersforresearchandmedicalorindustrialapplications.Weworkincollaborationwiththeotherthreethemestoprovidetoolsthatenhancetheirresearchandprobefurtherintothequantumworld.Thefundamentaltheoriesandnumericalmodelsthatwedeveloparealsousedbytopresearchgroupsacrosstheworld.Weareworld-renownedforourexpertiseinfibrelasersthatareversatile,lightweightandcheaptoproduce.Wedevelopthesetobeusedascutters,sortersandsensorsforawidevarietyofindustrialandscienceapplications.Wearealsowell-knownforourfundamentalresearchinnonlinearopticsandinnonlinear(micro)resonators.Here,weexperimentallyexplorekeynewfundamentaldynamics,devices,andmaterialsthatcouldintimerevolutionisetheinternetandmanyotherfields,suchasopticalfrequencycombsorphotosensitivemolecules.

RESEARCH THEMES AND HIGHLIGHTS

16

THEME 2a: Quantum Fluids and GasesLeaderMaarten Hoogerland, University of Auckland

Thequantumrealmisthe‘wildwest’ofmodernscience.Althoughweknowsomeofthebasicrules,thevastmajorityofquantuminteractionsremainuncharted.Inthisthemeweexplorecoldatomphysics,whichislikeaplaygroundforquantumphenomena.Bycoolingatomstojustaboveabsolutezeroandpreciselycontrollingtheirstate,wehavetheabilitytocreateandobservealmostanyquantumeffectthatwecanthinkof.Werunexperimentsanddeveloptheorytoinvestigatequantumphenomenasuchasquantumvortices,superconductivity,andconditionsjustaftertheBigBang.Weareexploitingnewlywonunderstandingsoftheseprocessesandinteractionstodevelopquantumtechnologiessuchasextremelyprecisegravitometersandclocks.Weareworld-renownedforourlegacyinquantumtheoryandhavedevelopedexcellentexperimentalfacilitiesthatareenablingworld-classresults.

THEME 2b: Quantum Manipulation and InformationLeaderHarald Schwefel, University of Otago

Itisonethingtounderstandhowthequantumworldworksyetitrequiresanotherlevelofprecisionandcontroltobuildreliabledevicesandsystemsthatexploitquantumphenomena.Thiskindof‘quantumengineering’isthefocusofthistheme.Throughpreciseobservationandcontroloftheinteractionsbetweensinglephotonsoflightandsingleatomswearecontributingtothedevelopmentofanewgenerationofquantumtechnologies.Ouraimistoexploittheapparentlyweirdaspectsofthequantumworldsuchasquantumsuperposition—theabilityofaquantumparticletoexistinmorethanonestateatonce—andquantumentanglement,whenseveralparticlesbehaveasiftheywereasingleentity.Ourresearchershaverecordabilitytoisolateandcontrolthemotionofsingleatoms.Wecanmoveatomsaroundwithlaserlightandputthemtogethertocreatecompletelynewmolecules,andconductultra-preciseexperiments.

Ourresearchiscontributingtothedevelopmentofquantumcomputerscapableofrapidlysolvingextremelycomplexproblems.Wearelookingatnovelwaysofcreatingqubits,thefundamentalprocessingunitsforquantumcomputers,anddevelopingsolutionsforquantummemoryandquantumdebugging.Quantumcommunicationisthefocusofseveralprojects:weareworkingonatechniquetoenablecommunicationbetweenquantumcomputersoverlargedistances.Thisinvolvestranslatingsinglemicrowavephotons,whichquantumcomputersoperateon,toopticalphotons,whichareeasilytransporteddownopticalfibres.Wearealsocontributingtothefundamentaltheorybehindquantumcommunicationnetworksandquantummeasurement.

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InNewZealandthirtypercentofalldeathsarecausedbyheartfailureandoneineverytwentyadultslivewithheartdisease.Andcurrentlytherearenopharmaceuticaltreatmentsavailable.ChemistNicolaBraschandherteamatAucklandUniversityofTechnologyhavedevelopedanewchemicalthatpromisestobringusabigstepclosertoalifesavingtreatment.Theirbreakthroughresearchopensawindowtostudytheintricatebiochemistryofnitroxyl(HNO),whichisoneofthemostpromisingpharmaceuticalcandidatesfortreatingheartfailure.

2018 RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS

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Fast forwarding a treatment for heart failure

Nicolainthelaboratorywithsomeofherstudents(fromfront:VinayBharadwaj,RuthCinkandNicola).

EarlyresearchindicatesthatHNOhaspotentialtosignificantlyreducethesymptomsofheartfailure-dilatingbloodvessels,reducingbloodpressureandstrengtheningtheheart’sabilitytopumpblood.Theseexcitingresultshavecausedaflurryofresearchactivityaroundtheworld.

Butthereisaproblem.HNOisveryunstable.Onceproduceditonlylastsforamomentbeforedecayingintodifferentchemicalforms.Thismakesitimpossibletostoreandveryhardtostudy.Todevelopaneffectivedrug,researchersneedtodecodetheintricatebiochemistryofHNOinthebodytodecipherhowitworksandoptimiseitseffect.Buttheonlywaytodothisisbyworkingwith“HNOdonors”whicharemoleculesthatbreakdowntoproduceHNO.MostHNOdonorstakeminutesorevenhourstoreleaseanHNOmoleculeandalltheimportantbiochemicalreactionshappeninasplitsecondafterthis.SotryingtocaptureandstudythebiochemistryofHNOislikewaitingweeksforaflytohatchthencatchingitwithchopsticks.It’svirtuallyimpossible.

TheinternationalsciencecommunityhasmadeanurgentcallforanHNOdonorthatproducesHNOquickly.Nicola’steamhavefoundonethatcanbetriggeredbyalaserpulsetoproduceanHNOmoleculewithinpicoseconds-that’strillionthsofasecond!Thenewmoleculeisalsoreliable.WhereasmostHNOdonorsproducesmallamountsofHNOswampedbyotherchemicalspecies,thismoleculeproducesexactlyoneHNOperdonor.Itisthefirstintheworldofitskind.

ThisbreakthroughwillgiveNicolaandotherresearcherstheabilitytoprobetheintricatebiochemicalreactionssurroundingHNO.ByremovingthemajorroadblocktoHNOdevelopmentitwillfastforwardthedevelopmentofalife-savingpharmaceuticaltreatmentforheartfailure.

ButwhatexcitesNicolamostisthewiderimplicationsformedicineandfundamentalscience.ThesamemechanismthatcontrolsthereleaseofHNOcouldbeusedinseveralothernewdrugsandtreatments.

“Ourmoleculeismadeupoftwoparts,”Nicolaexplains,“onehastheHNOinitandtheotherrespondstolight.Itturnsoutthatthepartthatrespondstolighthaslotsofpotentialtousewithotherdrugs.”

NicolareturnedhometoNewZealandin2014.ComingfromahighprofilecareerworkingwiththebestintheUS,EuropeandAustralia,sheisanexpertinthefieldofmechanisticchemistry-workingouthowchemicalreactionsoccur.Sheisexcitedtosolvethemysteryofhowthelight-controlmechanismworksintheirnewmolecules.Verylittleisknownanditisincrediblycomplicated.Thelasergivesthemoleculeapower-shotofenergythatcatapultsitselectroncloudintoahighlyexcitedstatewheretherulesofordinarychemistrynolongerapply.

TheDodd-WallsCentreisanidealenvironmenttosolvesuchamystery,surroundedbyphysicistsandphotochemistswhospecialiseinunderstandinghowlightandmatterinteract.NicolaiscollaboratingwithPrincipalInvestigatorCatherSimpsonatTheUniversityofAucklandandwithKeithGordonandhisgroupattheUniversityofOtago,whoareexpertsintime-resolvedRamanspectroscopy.

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THANKS TO A DODD-WALLS CENTRE FUNDED TRIP FOR NICOLA’S PHD STUDENT RUTH CINK, THE GROUP IS NOW COLLABORATING WITH WORLD-LEADING PHOTOCHEMIST, DAVID PHILLIPS IN HONG KONG.

BY REMOVING THE MAJOR ROADBLOCK TO HNO DEVELOPMENT IT WILL FAST FORWARD THE DEVELOPMENT OF A LIFE-SAVING PHARMACEUTICAL TREATMENT FOR HEART FAILURE.

Collaborating with the world’s best to answer century-old mystery in quantum theory

WorkingwithateamattheYaleQuantumInstituteintheUSA,Dodd-WallsCentrePrincipalInvestigatorHowardCarmichaelhashelpedtoresolveanoldmysteryattheheartofquantummechanics-whathappensduringa“quantumjump”?

Eversincetheconceptionofquantummechanicsintheearly20thCenturytheoristshavepuzzledoverwhathappenswhenaquantumsystemchangesfromonestatetoanother(aquantumjump)orcollapses,fromawaveofpossibilities,intoasinglestatewhenameasurementismade.TheirrecentpaperacceptedforpublicationinNature suggeststhatthesequantumprocessesarenotinstantaneousbuthappenasasmoothtransitionoveraperiodoftime.Inaground-breakingexperiment,theteamusedanartificialatomtoobserveaquantumjumpindetail.Evenmoreimpressivelytheywereabletocatchandreversethejumpinmid-flight,bydetectingearlywarningsignsandintervening.

Thisexperimentdemonstratesanunprecedentedlevelofcontroloverthequantumlevelofexistence.Notonlydoesitanswerfundamentalquestionsaboutthenatureofrealityitalsohasprofoundimplicationsforquantumcomputing,ultra-precisesensingandothertechnologies.

Asatheorist,Howard’srolewastohelpguideandinterprettheexperiments,whichwereinspiredbyatheoryhedevelopedbackintheeightiesknownasquantumtrajectorytheory.Howardhasbecomeworld-renownedforthistheory,whichoffersatechniqueforsimulatingquantumexperimentsandisusedinthedevelopmentofquantumcomputers.

“IthasbeenincrediblyexcitingworkingwiththeteamatYale,”Howardsays.“Ibuiltaquantumtrajectorysimulationoftheirapparatus,andweusedthattofine-tunetheset-up.Intheendtheresultsfromtherealdataandthesimulationfellrightontopofeachother.It’saverynicedemonstrationthatthisquantumtrajectorytheoryreallyworksandispracticallyuseful.”

20

Theexperimenttookplaceinanappliedphysicslabalongsidesomeofthemostadvancedexperimentsinquantumcomputing.Theartificialatomwasconstructedinasimilarwaytothequbitsofquantumcomputers.Itismadeoutofsuperconductingmaterialsandmonitoredandcontrolledusingmicrowaves.Theexperimenttakesplaceinadilutionrefrigeratoratafewthousandthsofadegreeaboveabsolutezero.Inordinaryatoms,processeslikequantumjumpshappenmuchtooquicklytomeasurebutintheartificialatomthetransitionshappencomparativelyslowly(overafewmicroseconds)thereforeeverydetailcanbeobserved.Theycanpreciselycontrolthestateoftheartificialatomanddetectalargefractionofthemicrowavephotonsitemits.Thisenablesthemtodetectwarningsignswhenaquantumjumpisabouttohappen.

AsHowardexplains“therelevanceofthisexperimentrelatesallthewaybacktothebeginningsofquantummechanics.NielsBohrwasthefirstonetotalkaboutquantumjumps.Hecameupwithatoymodelofanatomusingclassicalphysicsandtweakingitabittogetsomeveryremarkableanswersabouthowthehydrogenatombehaves.”

InBohr’smodel,theelectronsorbitthenucleuslikeplanetsaroundasun.Butthekey‘quantum’differenceisthattheycanonlyorbitatcertainenergylevelsordistancesfromthenucleus.

“Soyougetquantisedenergies,”Howardexplains.“Theelectroncanbehere,orthere,butnotinbetween.Togetfromoneleveltoanotheritneedstojump.Thisiswheretheideaofaquantumjumpcomesfrom.IthasbeeninthelanguageofPhysicseversince.”

“ButeverybodyknewBohr’smodelwasn’tacompletetheory,”Howardsays.“Ithadholesinitallovertheplace...Schrödingercamealongaboutadecadelaterandpublishedhisequation,whichisentirelydifferent.”

WithSchrödinger’sequationcomesoneofthemind-bogglingaspectsofquantumtheory-thataquantumsystemcanexistinmanystatesatonce.Thisisknownasaquantumsuperposition.Schrödinger’sequationgivestheprobabilityoffindingasystemineachofitspossiblestatesshouldameasurementbemade.Itisawaveequationsodescribesasmoothevolutionover

timeanddoesnotaccountforanythinglikeajump.

AsHowardexplains,“Schrödingerwasverystronglyopposedtotheideaofquantumjumps.HearguedwithBohrsaying:‘Ifwearegoingtosticktothisdamnedquantum-jumping,thenIregretthatIeverhadanythingtodowithquantumtheory.’Hereallydidn’tliketheideathatsomethingdiscontinuoushappens.”

“TheYaleexperimentshows,intheclearestwayeverseen,howyoucanintegratethesetwoideas,”Howardexplains.“Bohr’sviewandSchrödinger’sviewdon’tneedtobeseenaspolaropposites.Theyaredifferentperspectivesonthesamething.Soitisaunifyingexerciseatthatlevelofthetheory.”

Howard’squantumtrajectorytheorysuggeststhatquantumjumpshappenasasmoothtransitionthroughaseriesofsuperpositionstates.Firstyouhaveahundredpercentonestateandzeropercentanother,thenninetypercentoneandtenpercenttheotherandsoonuntilyouhavezeropercentofthefirststateandahundredpercentthesecond.ThetheoryavoidsthediscontinuitythatSchrödingerdespisedwhileretainingthequantumjump.TheYaleexperimentdemonstratedexactlythis.

“Forthepasthundredyearstherehasbeenmuchtalkamongstphysicistsaboutwhatquantumphysicsmeans,”Howardsays.“Thishasmostlybeenonetheoreticallymindedpersonpromotingtheirviewagainstanothertheoreticallymindedperson.Nowwehaveanincontrovertibleexperimentthatsaysprettyclearlywhichwayofthinkingisright.That’srealscience!”

ForNewZealandthisresultcouldactasasteppingstonetogettinginvolvedintheexperimentalsideofsuchresearch.TheUniversityofOtagorecentlyobtainedthekindofrefrigerationsystemrequiredtoperformsuchexperiments,whichisthemainpieceofequipmentneeded.Thenextstepwouldbetodeveloptheinfrastructureandscaletorunsuchexperiments.

“HavingthiscollaborationbetweentheverybestintheworldontheexperimentalsideandNewZealandcertainlyshowsthiscountryhassomethingvaluabletooffer.IwouldsupportanypushtomakesureNewZealandisinvolvedinthisstuff.”

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“ HAVING THIS COLLABORATION BETWEEN THE VERY BEST IN THE WORLD ON THE EXPERIMENTAL SIDE AND NEW ZEALAND CERTAINLY SHOWS THIS COUNTRY HAS SOMETHING VALUABLE TO OFFER. I WOULD SUPPORT ANY PUSH TO MAKE SURE NEW ZEALAND IS INVOLVED IN THIS STUFF.” DR HOWARD CARMICHAEL

“Spookyactionatadistance”wasthenameEinsteingavetothephenomenonofquantumentanglement,oneofthecharacteristicallymind-bogglingaspectsofquantumtheory.Quantumentanglementdescribeshow‘entangled’particlessuchasatomsorelectronscaninstantaneouslyaffecteachother’sstateevenwhenseparatedbyvastdistances.Theyactlikeasingleentity,evenwhenseparatedinspace.Einsteinhimselfwasscepticalofthisstrange‘telepathic-like’phenomenonandassumeditmustindicateanerrororgapinquantumtheory.

Nowquantumentanglementhasbeenclearlydemonstratedbycountlessexperiments.Itisdefinitelyreal.What’smore,itpromisestodeliverarevolutioninquantumtechnology,withpotentialapplicationsinultra-fastquantumcomputing,onehundredpercentsecurecommunicationsandultra-precisemeasurementdevices.

Quantum Entanglement at an Individual Atom Scale

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Aviewintothevacuumchamberinwhichtheexperimentstakeplace.Thebrasspieceyoucanseeholdstheobjectivelens(theglasspiece)ofthepowerfulmicroscopethroughwhichwecanseetheindividualatoms.Thesamelensisalsousedtoformtheopticaltweezers.Thesmallreddotinfrontofthelensislasercooledatomsglowing.

Oneoftheissuesinusingquantumentanglementinreal-worlddevicesisthatitisincrediblyfragile.Eventheslightestvibrationcausedbythermalenergyisenoughtodisentangleparticles.Itisabitliketryingtoholdraftstogetherwithpaperclipsinastormyocean.Forthisreason,quantumentanglementisusuallyonlypossibleatultra-lowtemperatureswithinlargeexpensiverefrigerationsystems.

AcollaborationofscientistsattheUniversityofOtagohavefiguredoutamethodtoachievequantumentanglementathighertemperaturesandarehalfwaytoprovingitworksinthelab.TheirdiscoveryisthesubjectofarecentpaperpublishedinNature Communications.

ExperimentalphysicistMikkelF.AndersenandtheoristAshtonBradleyattheUniversityofOtagohavedevelopedanexperimentalconfigurationinwhichthethermalenergyoftheatomsactuallystrengthenstheirquantumentanglement-anamazingandcounterintuitivephenomenon.TheirmethodmakesuseofMikkel’sworld-leadingabilitytocontrolindividualatomsandstickthemtogetheronebyonewithextremeprecision;anarthecalls“quantumlego”.Theyuselaserbeamstopickupatomsandnudgethemtogetherinsuchawaythattheyentangle.

Ashtonisaworld-leadingquantumtheoristandanexpertatcreatingcomputermodelstosimulatequantumsystems.Histheoreticalinsighthashelpedtomakesenseoftheexperimentsandworkouthowquantumentanglementcouldbepossibleathighertemperatures.

Mikkel’sinitialexperimentswithtwoindividualatomshaveshownarecordcorrelation.Thismeanstheyareperfectlyin-syncaftertheyinteractandisthefirststagetoprovingentanglement.Nexttheyplantomeasuretheentanglementdirectly,thenexperimentwithusingopticaltweezerstograbtheatomsandseparatethemwithoutlosingtheentanglement.Afterthattheywillinvestigatehowthephenomenoncouldbeusedinapplicationssuchasmagnetometerstomeasuremagneticfieldwithunprecedentedprecision.TheteamhavebeenawardedaMarsdenGranttocompletethisinvestigationandareveryexcitedtoseehowthingsproceed.

Oneofthekeystothegroup’ssuccesssofarhasbeentheclosecollaborationbetweenMikkelandAshton,whichhasbeensupportedbytheDodd-WallsCentre.Itallbeganwithaspontaneoustea-roomdiscussion.MikkelwasstrugglingtounderstandsomeexperimentsandaskedforAshton’shelp.Itstartedwithseeminglysimplescribblesonawhiteboardbutturnedouttobeaverydifficultproblem.Thethermalenergycausestheatomstoflyaroundandthetheoryneedstocapturethismotionwhilebeingsensitivetotheintricatedetailswithintheatom.Soitisabitliketryingtofocusamicroscopeonabeeasitfliesaroundastadium.

TheteamwerejoinedbyStuartSzigetiavisitingresearchfellowfromAustraliawhoworkedwithAshtontodevelopastate-of-the-artmodelwhichhasexplainedandpredictedexperimentalresultswithremarkableaccuracy.Themodelshowsthemechanismbywhichentanglementoccursandgivesthegroupconfidencethatentanglementishappening.

Theresultssofarareground-breaking.Theyarethefirstexperimentstoworkwithindividualpairsofatomswhichremovescomplicationsandgivesextremely“clean”results.

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THE RESULTS SO FAR ARE GROUNDBREAKING. THEY ARE THE FIRST EXPERIMENTS TO WORK WITH INDIVIDUAL PAIRS OF ATOMS WHICH REMOVES COMPLICATIONS AND GIVES EXTREMELY “CLEAN” RESULTS.

Anatommugshot–asinglerubidiumatomcapturedandphotographedinthelaboratory.

AcollaborationbetweenDodd-WallsCentrechemistsandazoologistfromMasseyUniversityhassolvedamany-century-oldmysteryaboutparrotsandhowtheygettheircolour.Inthe1800szoologistswereconfusedwhentheyextractedpigmentchemicalsfromgloriouspinkandmagentaparrotfeathersanddiscoveredallthepigmentswereyellow.Howdoparrotsmakepinkfeathersoutofyellowpigments?

UniversityofOtagochemists,ProfessorKeithGordonandPhDstudentJonoBarnsleyworkedincollaborationwithzoologistDanielThomasfromMasseyUniversity’sInstituteofNaturalandMathematicalSciencestosolvethemystery.Usinganinnovativespectroscopictechnique,KeithandJonodiscoveredthatpigmentmoleculeswithinthesurfaceofthefeathercommunicatewitheachotherinawaythatchangestheappearanceofthesurface.Sothecolourcomesfromthewaythemoleculesarearranged.

Theimplicationsofthisdiscoveryarefar-reaching.Itsuggestsawholenewapproachtoengineeringmaterials,answersfundamentalquestionsaboutevolutionandoffersatechniquewithwide-rangingapplicationsforNewZealand’sprimaryindustries.ItisagoodexampleofhowfundamentalsciencecanbenefitNewZealand.

“Naturecantakeverysimplebuildingblocksandarrangethemindifferentwaystocreateavarietyofphysicalpropertieslikecolour,”Jonoexplains.“Thiscouldinspirematerialsscientiststomakeawholerangeofmoreenergyefficientsmartmaterials.”

Forexample,thediscoverycouldinformthedevelopmentofsolarcellswheretheplacementofmoleculesinthesurfaceenhancestheabsorptionoflight.Moreimmediately,therearelotsofcolouredmaterialsintheprimarysectorthatcouldbenefitfromthetechniqueKeithandJonousedtomaketheirdiscovery.

How Parrot Feathers are Informing our Primary Industries

24

Analysisofthefeather.

Photocred

it:Jo

noBarnsley

“Youcouldusesimilarexperimentstoanalysechlorophyllinmeattoshowwhethertheanimalshavebeengrassorgrainfed,”Keithexplains,“oryoucouldlookatchlorophyllinfruittotesttheripenessandquality.”

Thiscouldenableproducerstochargepremiumpricesandprovideadditionalvaluetocustomers.

Oneofthekeystothesuccessoftheparrotfeatherprojectwastheunusualcombinationofexpertisethatcametogether.TheproblemcamefromDanielwhosecoreinterestisbiologicalevolution.KeithandJonospecialiseinanalyticalspectroscopywhichmeanstheyfirelasersatmaterialsandanalysethelightthatscattersback.Thelaserlightcausesmoleculesinthematerial’ssurfacetovibratewhichleavesa‘fingerprint’inthescatteredlight.Thiscanbeanalysedtorevealdetailsofthestructure,compositionandquality.It’sanextremelyusefulapproachbecauseyoucananalysematerialswithoutdestroyingthem.

WhenKeithandJonoencounteredtheparrotfeathermysterytheyrecognisedasimilaritywithacompletelydifferentmaterial-conductingpolymers.Intheseplasticselectricityflowsdownlongchainsofcarbonthenjumpsfromonechaintoanother.Theoverallconductivitydependsonhowthemoleculesarearranged.KeithandJonosuspectedsomethingsimilarwashappeningintheparrotfeatherssotheyusedatechniquecalledresonanceRamanspectroscopythatwasdesignedespeciallyforanalysingconductingpolymers.Theyturnedouttobecorrect.

“Wejusthadtoadaptthetechniqueforthenewmaterial,”Keithexplains.“Itwasn’ttrivialtodobutitwasn’textraordinarilyhardeither.Youjustneededtoputthepiecestogetherintherightway.”

Theprojectshowshowbeneficialitcanbetoapplyspecialistexpertisetoseeminglycompletelyunrelatedfields.

“Manyindustriesaremono-cultural,”Keithsays.“It’simportanttohavedeepexpertisebuttobeabletolooksidewaysandseehowthatcanapplytodifferentproblems.”

Keith’sgroupworkswiththemeat,dairy,fruitandpharmaceuticalindustries.

“AlotofpeoplecometotheDodd-WallsCentrewithproblemsandtheyfunnelthatinformationtous,”Keithexplains.“That’sbeenahugehelpwithsettingupcollaborations.”

ThiskindofmultidisciplinaryresearchisalsogoodtraininggroundforstudentsasJonoexplains:“Start-upcompaniesarelookingfortheabilitytoapplyspecialisedexpertisetodifferentareas.It’sallaboutfiguringouthowyourskillscanbeusefulandseeingthegapsandopportunities.”

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“ MANY INDUSTRIES ARE MONO-CULTURAL. IT’S IMPORTANT TO HAVE DEEP EXPERTISE BUT TO BE ABLE TO LOOK SIDEWAYS AND SEE HOW THAT CAN APPLY TO DIFFERENT PROBLEMS.” PROFESSOR KEITH GORDON

“ YOU COULD USE SIMILAR EXPERIMENTS TO ANALYSE CHLOROPHYLL IN MEAT TO SHOW WHETHER THE ANIMALS HAVE BEEN GRASS OR GRAIN FED, OR YOU COULD LOOK AT CHLOROPHYLL IN FRUIT TO TEST THE RIPENESS AND QUALITY.” PROFESSOR KEITH GORDON

KeithandJonoanalysingspectrainthelaboratory.

Aground-breakingnewtechniquefordetectingandmonitoringbacteriaisbeingdevelopedbyresearchersatTheUniversityofAuckland.Thiscouldheraldanewerainourrelationshipwithbacteriaandalleviatetheglobalthreatofsuperbugs.TheprojecthasgrownoutofFoodSafealargeMBIEfundedcollaborationwiththeNewZealandMeatIndustrywhichisdevelopingsensorstodetectandmonitorbacteriaonmeat.HavingDodd-WallsCentrefundinghasenabledthegrouptohireadditionalPhDstudentsandassignresourcestoexploreblueskypossibilitiesaroundthecentralproject.

HeadingtheprojectisDodd-WallsCentrePrincipalInvestigatorFrédériqueVanholsbeeck.Sheandherteamareexpertsinlaserspectroscopy–usinglaserlighttoprobethestructure,compositionandfunctionofmaterials.TheyarecollaboratingwithmicrobiologistandinfectiousdiseaseexpertAssociateProfessorSimonSwiftandhisteamfromTheUniversityofAuckland’sMedicalschool.TheyaredrawingonexpertisefromacrosstheDodd-WallsCentretoperfectthetechniqueanddeveloprealworlddevicesforthedetectionofbacteria.

Spectroscopy to Solve the Superbug Crisis

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FrédériquewithsomeofherresearchteamL-R(1strow):AbiThampi,MagdalenaUrbanska,Frédérique,SylwiaKolenderska,JuliaRobertson(2ndrow):MatthewGoodwin,MykolaZlygostiev,SamHitchman,JamesHope.

Bacteriahaveabadname.Theyarenotoriousforcausinginfectionsanddiseasebutonlysomebacteriaaredangerous.Therestareharmlessandsomeevenhelpful.Theproblemishowtotellwhichiswhich.Thestandardwaytodetectandcountbacteriaistodoaplatecountwhichtakesafewdays.Inurgentsituations,likeaninfectiousdiseaseorfoodcontamination,itcanbetooriskytowait.Doctorsfacedwithunknowninfectionsprescribebroadspectrumantibioticstopatients.Butwhenhitwiththewrongkindofantibiotic,bacteriaquicklyevolveintounbeatablestrainsor‘superbugs’whichareamongthemostserioushealththreatsfacinghumanity.

Suchacrisiscallsforanewapproachtobacteria.TheDodd-WallsCentreteam’stechniquemakesitpossibletodetectsmallconcentrationsofbacteriainlessthanhalfanhour.Inthefuture,itwillalsodeterminewhatkindtheyare.

Thetechniqueattheheartofthisresearchiscalledfluorescencespectroscopy.Yoususpendbacteriainafluidalongwithfluorescentdyemolecules.WhenthedyeencountersbacteriaitentersitscellwallandlatchesontotheDNAandRNAinside.Youthenfirealaseratthesampleandmeasurethelightthatcomesback.Thedyemoleculesglowmorebrightlywhenattachedtobacteria.SubtlevariationsinthetypeandstateofthebacteriaaffectthespectrumoflightandFrédériqueandherteamareexpertsatdecodingthisinformation.

FrédériqueandSimoncameacrossthistechniquetenyearsagoandrealisedtheyhaddiscoveredanalternativetoplatecounts.TheystruckupacollaborationwiththeNewZealandmeatindustrywhospendmillionseveryyeartomaintainfoodsafetyinmeatprocessingplants.HavingbeenawardedalargeMBIEgrant,theteamarenowcollaboratingwithaspecialistcompanyaswellasotherDodd-WallsCentreInvestigatorstodevelopadeviceforquicklydetectingbacteriaonmeat.

ThankstotheDodd-WallsCentre,theteamisnowexploringtwoexcitingblueskyresearchavenuesthathaveemergedfromtheFoodsafeproject.

PhDstudentRachel(Fang)Ouisinvestigatingtechniquestodetectwhetherbacteriaarealiveordead.Sheusestwodifferentdyemolecules.Thefirstonecanenterthecellwalloflivebacteria.WhenthisdyeisattachedtoDNAandRNAitglowsgreen.Theseconddyemoleculecanonlygetintothebacteriawhenithasdiedandthecellwallisweakened.ThisoneusurpsthefirstdyeandglowsredwhenattachedtotheDNAandRNA.BymeasuringtheintensityofgreenandredlightRachelcanworkouttherelativeconcentrationsofaliveanddeadbacteriainthesolution.Thistechniqueoffersawayoftestingtheviabilityofantibiotics.

“Inthefuture,youcouldgotoadoctor,getabloodsampleandhavetestresultsinaround2hourstotellyouwhichantibioticswillbeeffective,”Rachelexplains.“Notonlywouldthissavetimeandmoneyonuselessprescriptions,itcouldcurbthegrowthofsuperbugs.”

Dodd-WallsCentreAssociateInvestigator,CushlaMcGoverin,andpostdoc,JuliaRobertson,areexploringhowtooptimisethedyemoleculestorevealmoreinformationaboutbacteria.JuliaandSimonarelookingatbiologicalreactionsto‘light-up’andbettercharacterisecelldeath.Thiscouldgivebiologistsawholenewwindowtoobserveandunderstandtheintricateworldofbacteria.

Themultidisciplinarynatureofthisprojectisabigattractionforstudentswhodevelopcollaborationskillsandgetexperienceinawholerangeoftechniques.

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“IN THE FUTURE, YOU COULD GO TO A DOCTOR, GET A BLOOD SAMPLE AND HAVE TEST RESULTS IN AROUND 2 HOURS TO TELL YOU WHICH ANTIBIOTICS WILL BE EFFECTIVE. NOT ONLY WOULD THIS SAVE TIME AND MONEY ON USELESS PRESCRIPTIONS, IT COULD CURB THE GROWTH OF SUPERBUGS.” RACHEL (FANG) OU, PHD STUDENT

Withabackgroundinarcheology,AssociateInvestigatorCatherineSmithcollaborateswithMāoriweavers,museumprofessionals,communities,mātaurangaMāoriresearchersandscientiststorevealthesecretsofMāoritaonga(treasures).Herparticularexpertiseliesinidentifyingandconservingtheplantfibrestraditionallyusedforweavingpiupiu(skirts),kākahu(cloaks),sailsforseafaringwakaandmanyothertaonga.HerworkisdeeplyinterdisciplinaryandrestsonstrongrelationshipswithMāori.

“Ifyou’reworkingwithartefactsit’snotpossibletodotheresearchwithouttherelationshipswiththecommunitytheresearchaimstoserve,”Catherinesays.“I’vebeenworkinginthesectorwithstakeholdersfornearlytwentyyearsandthoserelationshipsmeanthatit’spossibleformetodothework.”

2018sawtheculminationofasix-yearresearchprojecttofindthebestwayofconservingtheblack-dyedfibresusedinmostMāoritextiles.Madefromacombinationofiron-richmudandatannatedyefromplants,traditionalblackdyeisverycommonbutsadlytendstofastforwarddeterioration.Despitebestpracticepreventiveconservationinmuseumsandculturalinstitutionsaroundtheworld,theblack-dyedsectionsofwoventaongaareshowingactivesignsofdeteriorationandinsomecasesarefallingapartaltogether.

Catherineledateamofweavers,scientistsandconservationexpertstofindasolution.Theyscouredtheexistingresearch,interviewedconservatorsaroundtheworld,preparedalmost2000flaxfibres,dyedthemwithdifferentvariationsofdye,usedlighttoartificiallyagethemandtestedarangeof

Revealing Ancient Secrets and Conserving Maori Taonga

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“ WE NEED TO DOCUMENT TE RA AND COMMUNICATE THE KNOWLEDGE CONTAINED WITHIN HER TO THE WIDER COMMUNITY SO IT WON’T EVER BE LOST AGAIN.” DR CATHERINE SMITHTheprojectteam(L-R)DonnaCampbell,RanuiNgarimuand

CatherineSmith.

IF YOU’RE WORKING WITH ARTEFACTS IT’S NOT POSSIBLE TO DO THE RESEARCH WITHOUT THE RELATIONSHIPS WITH THE COMMUNITY THE RESEARCH AIMS TO SERVE,” DR CATHERINE SMITH

consolidants–treatmentswhichcanbeappliedtothedeterioratingfibrestoimprovetheirstrengthandintegrity.Dodd-WallsCentrechemistKeithGordonandhisteamattheUniversityofOtagousedlaserspectroscopytoassesstheeffectofeachtreatmentonthemolecularstructureandintegrityofthefibres.

Bytheendoftheprojecttheteamwereabletoidentifythemosteffectivetreatmentandsharetheirfindingswithconservators,weaversandcommunitiesaroundthecountryandoverseas.AsMāoritextilesarefoundinsignificantnumbersincollectionsworldwidetheresultswillbeofsignificantinternationalvalue.

2018alsosawthelaunchofanexcitingthree-yearMarsdenfundedprojectexaminingthelastremainingcustomaryMāorisail,TeRā,heldintheBritishMuseuminLondon.

“TeRāhasbeeninstoragefor250years,hasprobablybeenvisitedbytenNewZealandersinthetimeithasbeenthereandhasneverbeenfullydescribed,”saysCatherine…“WeneedtodocumentTeRāandcommunicatetheknowledgecontainedwithinhertothewidercommunitysoitwon’teverbelostagain.”

CatherineisleadingthesciencesideoftheprojectalongsideDonnaCampbell(Ngāpuhi,NgātiRuanui),aweaverandseniorlecturerattheUniversityofWaikato,andRanuiNgarimu(NgāiTahu,KatiMamoe,NgātiMutunga)aseniorweaver,whoareleadingthekaupapaMāoriresearch.ThisyeartheteamvisitedtheBritishMuseumtogreetandexamineTeRāandcollectsamples.CatherineisworkingwithafeatheridentificationexpertandimagingspecialistsfromtheUSwhowillhelptounlockitssecrets.

EverydetailofTeRā’sconstructionandmaterialsrevealsknowledgeabouttheculturethatcreateditandtheextraordinaryvision,expertiseandsciencethatenabledthemtonavigatetoNewZealand.

“OncehereMāorihadacompletelydifferentlandscapeandhadtoadaptimmediately,”Catherinesays.“TeRāshowsunderstandingofnewplants,newclimate,theoceanandthatjourney.Inexploringit

wearehighlightingjusthowmuchofanachievementitwastosettleAotearoaandIseealotofinspirationinacknowledgingthatandbringingitintothefuture.”

TeRāwaswovenusinganinnovativetechniquetheweaversontheteamhaveneverseenbefore,thatmakesitincrediblystrong.Throughcloseobservationtheyhavebeenabletomimicitsconstructionandbringthatlostknowledgebacktolife.

Catherine’spresenceofferstheDodd-WallsCentreinsightandinspirationintoadifferentwayofusingsciencetoservecommunities.ThroughtheDodd-WallsCentreshegainsarichresourceoftoolsandexpertise.

“It’sareallyfortunatethingfortheNewZealandheritagesectorthatwehaveaccesstoequipmentandscientistslikeKeith’steam,”shesays.“That’srareinNewZealand.Usuallyit’sonlyplacesliketheGettyConservationInstituteinLAandtheStrausCentreatHarvardthathaveaccesstoscientistsspecialisinginunderstandingthedeteriorationoftheirmaterialsandtryingtofindsolutions.”

TheMāoriweaversandcommunitiesthatCatherinecollaborateswitharealsogratefultothescienceasPhyllisSmith,oneofCatherine’scollaboratorsfromNgāiTahusays:

“Working with scientists, we can explore the past and we can find out how old material like this is and whether it’s harakeke, kiekie, or some other plant. It’s showing us the past and we can learn from it with respect and aroha (love).”

InthewordsofanotherweaverandcollaboratorfromNgāiTahu,RachelWesley:

“The raranga fragments.....emphasise my connection to my tīpuna (ancestors), my hapū (family), my iwi (tribe), and the whenua (land). It’s hard to describe but it totally underpins who I feel I am as Kāi Tahu.”

Thescienceisjustatooltoaidconnection.Ithelpstoreveallostknowledgefromthepastandreturnittocommunitiessoitcaninspirenewlifeandinnovationforthefuture.

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Acloseupviewoftheseamofthesail.Image©TrusteesoftheBritishMuseum.

TeRā,thelastknownMāorisail.

Image©TrusteesoftheBritishMuseum.

Dodd-WallsCentreresearchersandtheircollaborativeteamswereagainverysuccessfulatwinningfundingthataddstoTECCoREfundingandalignswiththeCentre’sstrategicgoals.Externalfundingwaswontosupportfundamentalscienceandpre-commercialR&Dintheagriculture,medical,andhigh-techmanufacturingindustries.Ourinvestigatorsandresearchstudentswonprizesandawards,evidenceofhighlyeffectivementoringandcapabilitybuildinginthenextgenerationofNewZealand’sworkforce.

DWC RESEARCH EXCELLENCE

InvestigatorsResearch Funding Awards

NEW COMPETITIVE, EXTERNAL RESEARCH FUNDING AWARDED IN 2018 IN RECOGNITION OF CONTINUED RESEARCH EXCELLENCE

OVER $7.5 MILLION

STÉPHANE COEN AND MIRO ERKINTALODWCPrincipalInvestigatorsTheUniversityofAuckland

Marsden Fund Standard Grant,$935,000Computingwithwallsoflight(3years)

Grant PI (Coen) and Grant AI (Erkintalo)

MIKKEL ANDERSEN AND ASHTON BRADLEYDWCPrincipalInvestigatorsUniversityofOtago

Marsden Fund Standard Grant,$935,000HotEntanglementwithColdAtoms(3years)

Grant PI (Andersen) and Grant AI (Bradley)

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FRÉDÉRIQUE VANHOLSBEECK, NEIL BRODERICK AND JULIETTE CHEYNEDWCPrincipalInvestigators(Vanholsbeeck&Broderick),DWCAssociateInvestigator(Cheyne)TheUniversityofAuckland

University of Auckland Faculty Research Development Fund,$137,951Developmentofacustomisedtwo-photonmicroscopeforin vivobrainimaging(2.7years)

Grant PI (Vanholsbeeck)Grant AIs (Broderick & Cheyne)

Neurological Foundation,$196,412ExaminingdevelopmentandfunctionoftheauditorycortexinAutismSpectrumDisorderwithtwo-photonimaging(2years)

Grant PI (Cheyne)Grant AIs (Vanholsbeeck & Broderick)

Lottery Health Research Grant,$59,332Developmentofacustomisedtwo-photonmicroscopeforinvivoimagingofbrainactivitywithcellularresolution(equipmentgrant)

Grant PI (Cheyne)Grant AIs (Vanholsbeeck & Broderick)

JULIETTE CHEYNEDWCAssociateInvestigatorTheUniversityofAuckland

Maurice & Phyllis Paykel Trust,$15,000Developmentofacustomisedtwo-photonmicroscopeforinvivoimagingofbrainactivitywithcellularresolution(equipmentgrant)

Grant PI

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KEITH GORDONDWCPrincipalInvestigatorUniversityofOtago

Australian Research Council Discovery Grant,AU$300,000(approx.$313,680)Fasterinterfacialelectrontransfer:theeffectofmoleculeshapeandsize(3years)

Grant Key Researcher, project led by Attila Mozer, University of Wollongong

GEOFFREY WATERHOUSEDWCPrincipalInvestigatorTheUniversityofAuckland

University of Auckland Faculty Research Development Fund,$168,000NovelCatalyticTechnologiesforCarbonDioxideReductiontoFuelsandValuableCommodityChemicals(2years)

Grant PI

Marsden Fund Fast Start Grant,$300,000Next-GenerationSmallMoleculeAcceptorsforuseinOrganicSolarCells(3years)

Grant AI, project led by Dr Paul Hume, University of Auckland

FRÉDÉRIQUE VANHOLSBEECKDWCPrincipalInvestigatorTheUniversityofAuckland

Fonds Erasme pour la recherche medicale (Erasmus Fund for Medical Research),EUR247,405(approx.$400,000)Non-InvasiveSkinImaginganditsPotentialinCancer,InflammatoryandAutoimmuneResearch,aswellasinFundamentalResearch(1year)

Grant AI, project led by Prof Del Marmol from the University libre the Bruxelles

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BOYANG DINGDWCPostdoctoralFellowUniversityofOtago

Marsden Fund Fast Start Grant,$300,000SPASER–TowardsPracticalNanolaserDevices(3years)

Grant PI

HARALD SCHWEFELDWCPrincipalInvestigatorUniversityofOtago

MBIE Endeavour Smart Idea Grant,$999,519Longdistanceconnectivityforsuperconductingquantum-bits(3years)

Grant PI

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RICHARD BLAIKIEDWCAssociateInvestigatorUniversityofOtago

MBIE Endeavour Smart Idea Grant,$999,959Highlyefficientsolar-to-hydrogenenergyconversionbasedoninnovativenanophotonicplatform(3years)

Grant PI

CATHER SIMPSONDWCPrincipalInvestigatorTheUniversityofAuckland

MBIE Endeavour Smart Ideas,$999,999PhotonicDeviceforRapidProstateCancerDetectionandMapping(3years)

Grant PI

FRÉDÉRIQUE VANHOLSBEECK AND CUSHLA MCGOVERINDWCPrincipalInvestigator(Vanholsbeeck),DWCAssociateInvestigator(McGoverin)TheUniversityofAuckland

The New Zealand Food Safety and Science Research Centre (NZFSSRC),$750,000

NZFSSRCAdvancedDiagnosticsResearchProject(2.6years)

Grant AIs (Vanholsbeeck leads the University of Auckland components), project led by Andrew Kralicek, Plant & Food Research

Prizes and Peer RecognitionJOHN HARVEYElectedPresidentoftheAustralianOpticalSociety

CATHER SIMPSONMadeaFellowoftheRoyalSocietyofNewZealand

CATHER SIMPSONSPIEStartupChallenge2018–thirdplace(forOrbisDiagnosticsLimited)

FRÉDÉRIQUE VANHOLSBEECKOpticalSocietyofAustralia(OSA)DiversityandInclusionAdvocacyRecognitionInauguralAward2018

GEOFFREY WATERHOUSEMadeaFellowoftheNewZealandInstituteofChemistry

NEILS KJAERGAARDAwardedUniversityofOtagoDivisionofSciencesResearchGroupoftheYear2018

StudentsDOMINIK VOGTPhDcandidateUniversityofAucklandSupervisor:RainerLeonhardtPhD Thesis added to Deans List,TheUniversityofAuckland

JONATHAN SIMPSONMSccandidateUniversityofAucklandSupervisor:KaspervanWijkRunner-Up Best Student Oral Presentation,GeoscienceSocietyofNewZealand2018 Ralph and Eve Seelye Postgraduate Scholarship,TheUniversityofAuckland

TAPABRATA CHAKRABORTIPhDcandidateUniversityofOtagoSupervisor: BrendanMcCaneBest Student Paper,ImageandComputingNewZealand2018

JONI WHITEMasterscandidateUniversityofAucklandSupervisor: FrederiqueVanholsbeeckGraeme Lewis Prize in Microbiology 2018,UniversityofAucklandMeat Industry Association Postgraduate ScholarshipMaurice & Phyllis Paykel Trust Scholarship in Health Sciences

ABI THAMPIPhDcandidateUniversityofAucklandSupervisor:FrederiqueVanholsbeeckBest Poster Presentation,TheBi-annualBio-photonicsandImagingSummerSchool(BIGSS),Galway,Ireland

FANG OUPhDcandidateUniversityofAucklandPrimary Supervisor: FrederiqueVanholsbeeckRHT Bates Postgraduate Scholarship,NewZealandRoyalSocietyTeApārangiClaude McCarthy Fellowship,UniversitiesNewZealand

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AnaspirationalgoaloftheDodd-WallsCentreistoincreaseourgenderandethnicdiversity.Inanefforttodevelopgreaterdiversityinourfutureresearch,scienceandtechnologyworkforce,wehavemadeadedicatedefforttoencouragegreaterparticipationoffemales,MāoriandPasifikastudentsinthephysicalsciences.

OurDiversityCommitteeoperatesunderformalTermsofReferenceandreportsformallytotheExecutiveCommitteeateachExecutiveCommitteemeeting.TheDiversityCommitteeismovingfromtakingaresponsiveapproachtodiversitywherewehavesupportedothers’initiativestoamoreproactiveapproachaimedatincreasingourowndiversityinitiatives.

In2018wefocusedonraisingdiversityawareness,bothinternallywithourmembersandstudentsandexternallythroughpubliceventsandoutreach(includingScienceWānangaandPasifikaengagementprogrammesthatyoucanreadaboutintheEducationalandPublicOutreachsectionofthisreport).

In2018,theDiversityCommitteeprovided:

• Acarerfundtosupportmemberswithchildrenattendingconferences;

• Apublicpresentationanddiscussioncelebrating125yearsofwomen’ssuffrage;

• AgenderbiastrainingseminarforDodd-WallsCentrestudentsandmembers;

• SponsorshipofsmallereventsforwomeninsciencegroupsatTheUniversityofAucklandandtheUniversityofOtago;

• SponsorshipforWomeninMathematicsandPhysicsretreatsinWellingtonandAuckland;and

• Fundingforvideosofwomeninscience.

Highlights FRÉDÉRIQUE WINS AWARD FOR SUPPORTING WOMEN IN SCIENCEDodd-WallsCentrePrincipalInvestigatorFrédériqueVanholsbeeckwasawardedtheDiversity&InclusionAdvocacyRecognitionawardfromtheAustralianOpticalSociety(AOS).TheawardrecognisedherprofoundinfluenceonthepracticesofheruniversityandonNewZealandscience.Shehaspromotedgenderparityinspeakerselectionsforconferencesasshebelievesthisiscentraltopresentingapositiveimagetojuniorfemalestudents.Amongstotherthings,asAOSCouncillorshepromotedapolicythatAOSonlysponsorseventsthathaveappropriategenderanddiversitypolicies,andshehasarguedtoensurethateachAOSprizehasatleastonefemaleapplicant.

NURTURING DIVERSITY

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INAUGURAL AGNES BLACKIE FELLOWSHIP2018sawtheawardofaresearchfellowshipsupportedbytheDodd-WallsCentreinhonourofAgnesBlackie,thefirstfemalephysicslecturerattheUniversityofOtago.ReadabouttheinauguralrecipientJamiShepherd(Johnson)inthisreport.

NEW ZEALAND INTERNATIONAL SCIENCE FESTIVAL SPEAKERInpartnershipwiththeBritishHighCommission,theCentrehostedatalkandQ&AsessionattheNewZealandInternationalScienceFestivalbySianCleaver,aMissionSystemsEngineerfromAirbusUK.Sianspokeabouthercareerandprovidedadviceforfemalesthinkingaboutacareerinsciencefollowedbyanopendiscussionontherewardsandthechallengesfacedbyfemalesinthesciencearena.

CELEBRATING WOMEN’S SUFFRAGEInJunewecelebratedthe125thanniversaryofwomenwinningtherighttovoteinNewZealandwithapublicdiscussiononthethemeofwomen’sleadershipinscienceandindustry.Threeextraordinaryfemaleleaderswithexemplaryleadershiprecords,vision,anddrivegavetheirpersonalperspectivesonthetheme:ProfessorMargaretBrimble(TheUniversityofAucklandandfirstNZwomantobeelectedasaFellowoftheRoyalSocietyofLondon),DrFrédériqueVanholsbeeck(TheUniversityofAuckland,PrincipalInvestigatoroftheDodd-WallsCentreandSeniorResearchoftheNZFoodSafetyScience&ResearchCentre),andMsCharlotteWalshe(CEOofJadeSoftwareandaBoardmemberofNZTE).

ItwasthefirsttimeinMargaret’sillustriouscareerthatshehadgivenatalkaboutherselfandshesharedbothhernervesandthechallengesofhercareerinscience.Charlotte,whoisamemberoftheDodd-WallsCentre’sindustryboardsharedhowherloveofStarTrekinspiredhertopursueacareerinthetechindustry.Frédériquespokeofherpassionforherscienceandherstudents.

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CharlotteWalshesharinginsightsintoherinspiration.

ProfessorMargaretBrimbledescribingherpathwaytoadistinguishedcareerinscience.

A TRAINING SEMINAR IN UNCONSCIOUS BIAS Theaimofthisseminar,atthe2018Dodd-WallsCentreSymposium,wastoinspireanewperspectiveandapproach-viewingdiversityasthemostexcitingopportunityinsciencetoday,ratherthanaproblem.Bytheresponseofthemembersandstudentsthiswasasuccess.

“Ithoughtthewholepresentationwasveryrefreshingandpositive,”saidMikkelAndersen,aPrincipalInvestigatorwhoattended.“Theykeptitnon-confrontationalandIlikedthat.”

TheseminarwasfacilitatedbyexperiencedtrainerSarrahJayne,whohasdevelopedaprogrammetoteachtechnicalprofessionalsaboutdiversity,emotionalintelligenceandotherimportanthumanskillsintheworkplace.Herco-facilitatorwasElizabethConnor,theDodd-WallsCentre’sresidentsciencecommunicatorandwinneroftheinauguralPrimeMinister’sScienceCommunicationPrize.Elizabethofferedherpersonalexperienceasawomaninscienceandherobservationsofthechallengesandopportunitiespresentinthecentre.

SarrahandElizabethintroducedthescienceofimplicitbias,whichhasshownthatweoftenactinabiasedwaydespiteourbestefforts.InthewordsofDr.MahzarinBanaji,thescientistwhodevelopedthisfieldofresearch:“We’dliketobelieveweareopen-minded,fairandwithoutbias,butresearchshowsotherwise.Thisisanimportant,evenifuncomfortable,realisationformostofus.”

SarrahandElizabethmadethepointthatimplicitbiasisnotourfaultbutratheradirectresultofallthevisualandculturalstimuluswehavereceivedinourlifetimesthathasgotstuckinourbrains.Hiddenbiasesdonotmakeusmorallybad.Weallhavethem.Andbeingashamedandembarrasseddoesn’thelp.

Whatdoeshelptoovercomebiasisawarenessandempathy.SarrahandElizabethencouragedpeopletoputthemselvesintheshoesofminoritiesandimaginewhatitmightbelike.

SarrahandElizabethsuggestedpracticesforbecomingawareofbiasandbeingagoodallytominoritygroups.Theseincluded:

• Takingimplicitbiastests-Projectimplicit;

• Deliberatelyslowingdowndecision-makingprocessestoensureminoritygroupsareconsidered;

• Leadingbyexamplebyacknowledgingpersonalbias;

• Askingtrustedcolleaguesforcandidfeedback;

• Beingconsciousofthewordsandphysicalreactionsthatsurfaceininteractionswithothers;considerwhethertheserespectandaccommodatedifferentstyles;

• Beingmindful,respectful,curiousandsupportiveofcolleagues’differences;and,

• Listeningtoallvoicesequallyandspeakingupifyoususpectacolleague’scontributionmaybeignoredormisappropriatedunfairly.

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Inspiring Science LiteracyNurturingascientificallyandtechnologically(S&T)literate,andthereforeS&Tconfidentpublic,iscriticaltoAotearoa’swellbeing.Fromopeningdoorstonewcareerpaths,togreateradoptionofproductivity-enhancingtechnologies,tochallengingaworldincreasinglyfilledwith‘fakenews’.Encouragingmoreevidenced-baseddecisionmaking,anunderstandingofresearchandthescientificprocessprovidesacriticalgroundingforoursociety.

Asscienceandtechnologyprogressesgloballyatanunprecedentedpacesodoesitsimpactonsociety.Withtheresearchactivitiesweundertakebeingattheforefrontoftheseadvances,theDodd-WallsCentrehastakentoheartitsresponsibilitytoengagethewiderpublicsothattheycanbetterunderstandthescienceandmaximisetheuptakeandbenefitsfromtheresultingtechnologies.TothisendtheCentrehas,sinceitsinception,establishedadedicatedEducationOutreachCommitteewhosemandateistoliftscientificenthusiasmandliteracy.

Weareproudofoureducationoutreachachievements—whichhavebeenvaried,farreachingandimpactful.During2018over13,000membersofthepublicwereactivelyengagedin82eventsacrossAotearoaandbeyond,includingreachingouttocommunitiesontheChathamIslandsandourPasifikaneighboursinNiueandRarotonga.Thesescienceoutreacheventswerehostedbycommunitypartnersinlearningenvironmentsthatrangedfromschools,kura,museums,marae,homes,festivals,hotelsandsportsfields.Theyprovidedpeopleofallagesandbackgroundstheopportunitytolearnaboutphysics,photonicsandquantumtechnologiesandtheirimportanceinallourworlds.

EDUCATIONAL AND PUBLIC OUTREACH

ENCOURAGING MORE EVIDENCED-BASED DECISION MAKING, AN UNDERSTANDING OF RESEARCH AND THE SCIENTIFIC PROCESS PROVIDES A CRITICAL GROUNDING FOR OUR SOCIETY.

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MapillustratingthereachoftheDodd-WallsCentreeducationoutreachprogrammes;http://j.mp/2U1T1vv

Stronger TogetherPartnershipshaveplayedacriticalroleintheCentre’sscienceoutreachsuccess.Theyhavebroadenednotjustourreachintothepopulation,butalsothediversityofenthrallingcontentwithwhichtoengage,andthetalentpoolwithwhichtodeliversuchexperiences.TheDodd-WallsCentrehasforgedasuiteofoutreachpartnershipsnationallyandinternationally,including:

Museum SectorMuseumsprovidearespected,trustedandreadilyaccessiblechannelthroughwhichtoengagethepublicinresearch,scienceandtechnology.TheDodd-WallsCentrehasalongestablishedpartnershipwithOtagoMuseum.ThisprovidesaccesstoNewZealand’slargestteamofprofessionalsciencecommunicatorsandatalentedteamofdesignersandpublicpromotionexpertise.Over2018afurtherkeystonepartnershipwasforgedwithAuckland’sMuseumforTransportandTechnology(MOTAT)withtheco-developmentofanewCentreforIllumination.Theserelationshipshavealsoopenedthedoortoanetworkof400provincialmuseumsacrossNewZealand.Thishasproventobeexceptionallyhelpfulinprovidinglinkagesintoruralcommunitiesfortalksandscienceoutreachevents.

Community OrganisationsByworkingcloselywithmarae,community-basedorganisations(e.g.,theatres,sportsclubs,astronomyassociations)andschools,theDodd-WallsCentrehasbeenabletoconnectatthegrassrootslevelwithincommunitiesupanddownAotearoaandtapintoeventsandinitiativesthatthecommunityisalreadypassionateabout.ThishasrangedfrombringingthescienceofphotonicstooneofNewZealand’spremierefestivalsoflighttorunningthescienceofastronomysessionstosupporteco-tourismambitionsofMorioriintheChathams.

Research InstitutesTheextensiveresearchcollaborationsoftheDodd-WallsCentrehaveincreasinglyevolvedintooutreachpartnerships.Someexamplesinclude:

Massive Maths CraftOurcollaborationwithaUniversityofCanterbury-ledteamhelpedtodevelopanddeliverwhatwasthehugelypopularMaths Craftshowcase.Maths CraftdrewonthecraftytalentsofmathematiciansfromacrossNewZealandtodemonstratetoover3,000childrenandtheirfamiliesinAuckland,ChristchurchandDunedin,thefunandbeautyofmaths.TheMaths Craftteamalsoprovidedprofessionaldevelopmenttrainingforschoolteachers.

Mighty Small Mighty Bright: Science ShowcasePartneringwiththeMacDiarmidInstituteforAdvancedMaterialsandNano-technologyonanewmobileexhibitionofthephysicalsciencesandemergingtechnologies,calledMighty Small Mighty Bright,hasenabledthedevelopmentofamuchlargershowcaseofhands-oninteractives.ThecomplementaryexpertiseofboththeseCoREsmeansamuchbroaderarrayofscientificconceptscanbedemystifiedforthegeneralpublicandalargerportfolioofexcitingnewcommercialtechnologiesshowcased.

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MathsCrafteventinChristchurch.

Engage, Inspire & SustainTheeducationoutreachactivitiesoftheDodd-WallsCentrehavefocusedonproactively‘takingsciencetothecountry’ratherthanexpectingthecountrytohappenuponthescience.Wefocusonensuringthatoureducationoutreachactivitiesaredeliveredinaninnovativeandmemorablefashionsothatlearnersbecometrulyengagedwithandinspiredbyscience.

Reaching hard to reach communitiesTheDodd-WallsCentrepridesitselfonmakingarealefforttoengagethosesectorsofthepopulationwhowouldotherwisehavelittleornoopportunitytoengageinscience,anddoingsoinafashionthatisgenuinelymeaningfulfortheirstyleandplaceoflearning.

ThereshouldbenoreasonwhyournextErnestRutherfordorBeatriceTinsleyshouldn’tcomefromruralNewZealand,orbefromMāoriorPasifikadecent,yetcurrentlythesepopulationsfeeldisproportionatelyremotefromourscienceandinnovationsystem(ref.https://www.curiousminds.nz/assets/Uploads/Report-on-Public-Engagement-with-Science-Technology-November-2017-Survey.pdf).TheDodd-WallsCentrehasmaderealeffortstoconnectwiththesehard-to-reachcommunitiesintheirplace.FromdemonstratinghowspectrometrycanbeusedtomeasurewaterwayhealthinSouthAucklandtoexplaininghowitisusedtounderstandgalaxiesintheirnightskiesintheChathamandPittIslands,theCentrehasbroughtrelevantandentertainingsciencetocommunitiesthatwouldotherwisehavelittleornoexposuretosuchexperiences.

TheDodd-WallsCentrehassoughttodeveloptoolstohelplearnersandeducatorstocontinuetheirnewlylearnedloveofsciencebeyondtheteam’svisit.Thishasinvolveddeliveringprofessionaldevelopmentsessionsforteachers,particularlythoseinremoteandruralsettings,anddevelopingtake-home“LightMatters”sciencekitsthatenableparents/caregiversandchildren/studentstocontinuetoexploreandexperimentathome.Increasingly,“outreachlessonplans”arebeingdevelopedtoleavewitheducatorssotheycanreadilycarryondeliveringsciencedemonstrationstomorelearnersintheirregion.

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Science WanangaWeconnectwithmanawhenuaontheirmaraethankstoacollaborationwiththeUniversityofOtago’sScienceWānangaprogram.ThroughtheScienceWānanga,ourteamhasmanagedtodeliveruniqueexperiencestomaraecommunitiesandDodd-WallsCentrestaffandstudents.ScienceWānangaareunlikeanytraditionaloutreachevents.Theyarefullyimmersivescientificandculturalexperiencesandthecontentofthewānangaisinformedbytheneedsofthemanawhenua.Ateamofresearchers,sciencecommunicatorsandfacilitatorsareinvitedbyiwitostayontheirmaraeandlive,work,andlearnalongside40–60year9and10students.Itprovidesthelocalstudentswithauniqueopportunitytolearnontheirowntermsandimportantly,intheirplace;whilethoseworkingintheoutreachteam(s)havetheopportunitytolearnoutsideoftheirusualenvironmentwithinakaupapathatisframedbythetikanga.Fromcookingbreakfasttogether,tocleaningupalongsideeachother,theexperiencegeneratesafranknessandopennessthatmakesforatrustedlearningenvironment.

Over2018theoutreachteamswerehostedbyNgātiMoewhare,NgāiTeApatuatTakitimu(Waihīrere)maraeinWairoa,byNgātiKahungunguatKahuranakimaraeinHastingsandAraiteUrumaraeinDunedin.EachwānangapresentsauniqueopportunitytoworkwithstudentsinaplacewheretheycanbeconfidentandknowledgeablewhileatthesametimeprovidinglearningopportunitiesfortheteamformtheDodd-WallsCentre,particularlyourstudentswhomaynothavebeenonamaraepreviously.WhilethefacilitatorsfromtheCentreexplainphysicsconceptsinfunandengagingwaysthestudentsfromthemaraereciprocatebyteachingwaiata(song)orsomekupuhou(newwords).Asaresult,theDodd-Wallsteam(comprisingofPhDstudents,PostdoctoralFellowsandfacultymembers)formatuakana/teinarelationshipwiththestudents.Feedbackhasshownthatthishashelpedchangethewaystudentsperceivescience,fromsomethingaliendonebystrangers,tosomethingmorefamiliardonebypeoplelikethemselves.

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StudentstestingwaterqualityattheKahuranakimaraeinHastings.

Great Northland Science RoadshowTheDodd-WallsCentresupportedtheUniversityofAuckland’sInternationalSocietyforOpticsandPhotonics(SPIE)studentchapter’sscienceroadshowaroundNorthland.Northlandwasidentifiedasaregionlackingscienceengagement(ref:https://www.curiousminds.nz/assets/Uploads/UCM-Call-For-Proposals-2018.pdf)sothestudentssetouttorectifythis,engaging1,200studentsfrom11schoolsacrossNorthland.

Studentsenjoyedanarrayofdazzlingoutreachactivitiessuchasglowingsolutionsofluminol,makingbottlerockets,cameraobscurasandspectrometers.Alltheworkshopsweredesignedtosustainstudentandteachers’ongoinginterestsbyusingitemsreadilyavailablefromhardwarestoresandsupermarketsand/orleavingasetofexperimentswiththeschoolssotheycouldcontinuetoexperimentandusetheminfutureclasses.

Sustaining Extreme Engagement – Chatham and Pitt IslandsThe2017Extreme ScienceexpeditiontotheChathamIslandsbytheDoddWallsCentreandOtagoMuseumwasnotonlyhailedahugesuccessbytheislanders,butwasalsoawardedthe2018MuseumsAotearoaAwardforMostInnovativePublicProgramme.Buildingonthissuccess,theDoddWallsCentreandOtagoMuseumjoinedforcesagainin2018toreturntotheChathamandPittIslands.

Withonlythreeschools,fiveteachersandnohighschool,thestudentsandwidercommunityhaveverylittleexposuretoscience.Moreover,beingsucharemotecommunitymeanstheyhaveaveryhighturnoverofteachers,witheverysingleteacheronthemainislandbeingnewin2018.Sustainedengagementiscriticaltomaintaintheenthusiasmforsciencesothatstudentselecttopursueitfurtherduringtheirhighschoolstudiesonthemainland.

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StudentsenjoyingascienceshowontheNorthlandScienceRoadshow.

PittIslandSchoolinclassandinfield.

TheteamwerehostedattheKopingaMaraebythelocalMorioricommunity.Allthreeschoolsontheislandswerevisited(Kaingaroa,PittandTeOne)andaprofessionaldevelopmentsessionprovidedtoallthenewteachersatTeOneSchool.TwopopulareveningeventswereheldattheChathamHotelandtheKopingamarae,withaFabulous Light talkdeliveredbyDrFrederiqueVanholsbeeckandDrStephaneCoen.TheteamalsoworkedwiththecommunitytoembedaseismometerandtelescopeatKopingamaraetoencourageon-goinginterestinscience.Withover160people(25%ofthepopulation)directlyengagedinoureventsandrepeatedrequestsforareturnvisitin2019,theimpactofourvisitsisevident.

Engaging Pasifika CommunitiesDespitebeingNewZealandcitizens,residentsinNiueandRarotongahaveverylittlesciencecommunication.Moreover,theseislands,andtheirpacificcounterparts,haveamassivealumninetworksinNewZealand,whothemselveshavedisproportionatelylowengagementinSTEM.

In2018theDodd-WallsCentreandOtagoMuseumScienceEngagementTeamembarkedonacampaigntobringmoresciencetotheseislands.TheteamsspentaweekineachofNiueandRarotongaintroducingschoolstudentstophotonicsandphysics.Morethan650childrenandtheirteachersparticipatedinarangeofhands-onscienceexplorations.Highlightsincludedintroducingaworldofrainbowsusingdiffractionglasses,exploringtheinvisiblepartsoftheelectromagneticspectrumwithUVandinfraredcamera,andlaunchingwaterrocketstointroduceNewton’sThirdLaw.

Thevisitsweresowellreceived,theschoolsandgovernmentalagenciesinvolvedhaverequestedtheteamreturnandassistfurtherwithscienceoutreachandpotentiallyestablishasciencefairfortheislands.TravelandlogisticswereprovidedbyagrantfromtheEmbassyoftheUnitedStatesofAmericaandthegenerosityofAirNewZealand.

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KopingaMarae;KaingaroaSchool;HotelChathams.

Inspiration via Innovative & Hands-on ApproachesLab-in-a-Box (LIAB) and Tech TentTheLabinaBox(LIAB)isauniquescienceoutreachplatformbasedinashippingcontainer.Notonlydoesitprovideafullyequippedresearchlabwithinwhichtosafelydemonstratescience,butithasahuge‘intriguefactor’.Whenthisbigblueboxarriveson-siteitimmediatelyarousescuriosityamongststudents,teachersandthepublicalike,andthiscuriositywhetstheirappetitetolearnmoreaboutthedemonstrationsitcandeliver.Over2018theoutreachteamusedLIABtoengagethepublicfromthestepsofParliament,toagriculturalfielddays,tolakeforeshores.OtagoMuseum’s25m2inflatablemarque,affectionatelyknownas‘TechTent’,enablesoutreacheventstobetakentoparks,sportsgroundsandfestivals,givingscienceaplacetobeexperiencedandenjoyedalongsidemainstreamfunactivities.

NiuePrimarySchoolStudents.

CreativeCentreandTitikavekaSchool,Rarotonga.

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LIABmadeastopoveratParliamentgroundsover28Febto1March.InacollaborationbetweentheDodd-WallsCentre,theMacDiarmidInstitute,GenomicsAotearoaandOtagoMuseum,sessionsandshowswererunforthepublicandschoolgroups.TheMinisterforResearch,Science&Innovation,HonMeganWoodsandtheMinisterforEducation,HonChrisHipkinsbothgotthechancetovisittogetherwiththeirofficials.Itwasverywellreceivedwiththeeffectivenessofthesciencecommunicatorstogetherwiththenoveltyofoutreachplatformsbeingcommentedupon.

LaterintheyearLIABandtheDWCteamjoinedthemassivelypopularQueenstownLUMAFestival.Overfourdays~48,000peopleattendedthefestivalwithover2,500visitingtheLIABtodoarangeoflight-basedexplorations.Itwassopopularthefestivalorganisershaveaskedtheteamtoreturnin2019.

TheCentreactivelysupportedanddeliveredeventsatawiderangeoffestivalsandschoolsthroughoutNewZealandin2018andwecontinuedtoengagewithnewaudiencesintrulyinnovativeandmemorablewaysthroughourpartnerships,examplesinclude:

• TūhuraScienceCentre—Attractingover90,000visitorsinitsfirstyearofoperation,theOtagoMuseum’sTūhuraScienceCentreandtheDodd-WallsCentresupportedlight-basedinteractiveswithinithavebeenahugehit.Thesehands-onscienceinteractiveshaveintroducedthepublictotheelectromagneticspectrum,enabledthemtoexplorerefractionandreflectionandrepeatNewton’sfamousexperimentsplittingandreformingthecoloursofthespectrum.

• Hostinghands-ondemonstrationsofaMobiusStrip,GhostBulb,TotalInternalReflectionandRochester/InvisibilityCloakfortheOpeningExpoofthe2018NewZealandInternationalScienceFestival(NZISF).

• NelsonIDEASFestival(11–13April):theOtagoMuseumoutreachteamandCentreinvestigatorsjoinedforcestodeliveraseriesofdemonstrationsandworkshopsatthislargeevent.

LIAB&TechTentinactionoutsideParliament.

i)Lab-in-a-BoxoutsideParliament;ii)engagingwith

primaryschoolvisitors.

i)Lab-in-a-BoxontheshoresofLakeWakatipu;ii)QueenstownlocalslearningaboutlightattheLUMAevent.

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• InterplanetaryCycleTrail—furtherdevelopmentofthemodelsandinterpretationsaroundthelandmarkOtagoCentralRailTrailhasenabledtheCentretoreachanaudienceofnationalandinternationaltouriststogetherwithlocalschoolstudents.

• Takinghandsonsciencedemonstrationsandtalksdirectlytoschools.

DWCandOtagoMuseumreadyforcuriousmindsatNZISFExpo.

DWC’sDrEyalSchwartzdemonstratinghowLIGOworkstoLoganParkHighSchoolstudents.

ParticipantsatEnlighten.

Other Outreach Highlights of 2018UNESCO International Day of Light Science Celebrations TheCentresupportedaseriesofeventsputontomarktheInauguralUNESCOInternationalDayofLight,withDWCDirector,DavidHutchinson,chairingtheNewZealandInternationalDayofLightCommittee.KeynoteeventsincludedEnlighten—ahands-onscienceeventorganisedbytheDodd-WallsCentre,OtagoMuseumandtheOtagoOpticsChapter.Over150visitorsenjoyedaseriesoflight-basedsciencedemonstrationsincludingfibreopticsandtotalinternalreflection,usingdiffractionglasses,fluorescenceandplayinglaserchessgame.AnotherhighlightwasthelightingoftheAucklandHarbourBridgebyVectortokickoffandcelebratetheDaywiththebridgelightshowstreamedattheofficialopeninginParis.

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Expert Insights: Quantum Cryptography Dodd-WallsCentreScienceAdvisoryBoardMember,ProfArturEkert(CentreforQuantumTechnologies,SingaporeandMertonCollege,Oxford)deliveredapresentation,hostedbytheHonDrMeganWoods,inParliament‘sGrandHall.PrivatesectorleadersalongwithMinistersandpublicsectorleadersfromtheTEC,MBIE,FinanceandDefencesectors,cametohearaboutencryptionandtherolethatquantumtechnologymayplayinthefutureofinformationsecurity—fromtheperspectiveofboththepromisesandrisksitofferssociety.ProfEkertalsodeliveredapublictalkattheOtagoMuseuminDunedinentitledIs There a Perfect Cipher?

Flight to the Lights 2: Chasing Heavenly Lights ThroughitspartnershipwiththeOtagoMuseum,theCentresupportedacompetitionforthreepairsofseatsonacharteredBoeing787DreamlinerflightchasingaurorasintheSouthernOceanclosetoAntarctica.Thecompetitionprovedextremelypopularwithover1,500entriesbeingreceivedwithin10days.Thisuniqueexperiencecelebratingthisnaturallightingphenomenon,receivedextensivenationalandinternationalmediacoverage.

NASA’s Col. Mike Hopkins Over9–12April,throughitspartnershipwithOtagoMuseum,theCentreco-hostedNASA’sCol.Hopkins.ColHopkinswasextremelygenerouswithhistime,undertakingalargenumberofeventsinawhirlwindvisitthatleftover1,500peopleacrossOtagoinspiredbythistalksandtravels.

FlighttoLightsII;FlighttotheLightsIIoutreachteamfromDoddWallsCentre&OtagoMuseum.

Col.HopkinsinspectingtheDodd-WallsCentresupportedInterplanetaryCycleTrailwithlocals.

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Photonicsandquantumtechnologiesunderpinproductsandservicesinavastrangeofindustriesinthemoderneconomy.Thetotalrevenueofcorephotonicscomponentindustriesismeasuredinthehundreds-of-billionsofdollarsgloballywhilethevalueofindustriesenabledbyphotonicsisworthtrillionsofdollars.Muchoftheinfluenceofthesetechnologiesishidden,pervasivethoughitis,andtheDodd-WallsCentreaimstoensurewiderrecognitionoftheirimportance,whileleveragingNewZealand’sresearchstrengthsforthebenefitofoureconomy

AsaCentreofResearchExcellence,weaimtotrainanappropriatelyskilledworkforceandtoattracttheworld’sbesttalenttoenhancethegrowthofNewZealand’shigh-techmanufacturingindustries.WearecurrentlysupportingthedevelopmentofadatabaseofphotonicscompaniesinAustraliaandNewZealandincollaborationwiththeAustralianOpticalSociety,toquantifytheimportanceofthissector.PhotonicsisanidealfocusforNewZealandcompaniesbecausethecapitalinvestmentrequirementsaremodestwhiletheproductsareofhighvalueandarerelativelylowcosttodeployinthemarket.Thebarrierstoentryinthephotonicsmarketplacearerelativelylowanditisconsiderablylesscomplexthanseveralotherhigh-techareastoestablishnewandprofitableenterprises.

TheDodd-WallsCentreaimstoestablishadomesticecosystemofphotonics-relatedcompaniesthatwillattractinvestment,stimulateR&Dactivityacrossavarietyofindustriesandprovideviablecareeroptionsforourworld-classandhighly-trainedgraduateswhilstpreparinganddevelopingforthenewwaveofquantumtechnologycompaniesonthehorizon.ResearchstudentsintheDodd-WallsCentreareacorefocus,andoneofourgreateststrengths.Studentsandrecentgraduatesareideallypositionedforstartinglocalphotonicsventures.Theyaretrainedinstate-of-the-arttechnologydevelopmentandhavethetime,financialfreedomandenergytoforgeanexcitingcareerpathforthemselves.Animportantmotivationforstudent-drivenstart-upsisprovidedbytherole-modellingofrecentgraduateswhohavesuccessfullymadethetransitioninto

astart-upcompany.TheCentrenowhasseveralsuccessfulanddevelopingcompanystart-upsthatarecommercialisingIPcreatedthroughuniversityresearchandco-creationwithindustrypartners.Thestart-upsandotherscloselyrelatedtotheDWCincludeEngenderTechnologies,PhotonicInnovations,OrbisDiagnosticsLtd,CoherentSolutions,andSouthernPhotonics.

Inaddition,theneedforphotonicstrainingisincreasinglyacknowledgedbylargeNewZealandcompanies,whichrecognisethatthistopicisnottaughtintraditionalengineeringschools.Oftenthefirstconnectionwithacompanyisthroughanindustryplacementwhichresultsinthevalueofthephotonicstrainingbeingexperiencedforthefirsttime.AsanexampleFisherandPaykelHealthcare(withwhomresearcherswithintheDodd-WallsCentrehavecollaboratedforovertwentyyears)hasemployeddozensofphotonicstrainedgraduateandundergraduatestudents.

The focal point of contactTheCentrehasestablisheditselfasNewZealand’smostvaluableresourceinintheareasofphotonicsandquantumtechnologies.Wearethefocalpointthatcoordinatesthegeographicallyspreadexpertsunderstandingdifferentnichetechnologiesintheseareas,asessentiallyallofNewZealand’sacademicsandresearcherswhoworkinphotonicsandquantumtechnology,areassociatedwiththeCentre.

Ourindustryteamistaskedwithsharingthecompetenciesandcapabilitiesofourcentrewithbothindustryandgovernment,sothatthefullutilityofthisresourceisrealised.

Throughourwidenetworkandthenationalrepresentationofourmembers,weareabletoengagewithindustryacrossthecountryandglobally,inamorefullyrepresentativewaythananysingleentityworkingalone.Byrepresentingourexpertiseataninternationallevel,wearealsowellplacedtoseekopportunitiesbeyondourCentremembers,forthewiderbenefitofNewZealand.

INDUSTRY ACTIVITIES

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Focus on the Future Where do our students go?Ourstudentsarethecentralpartofouractivities,andacademicresearchisonlyoneofthemanyoptionsopentoourgraduates.BusinessesfaceincreasingSTEMskillshortagesandourstudentshavemuchtoofferintermsoftechnicalknowledgeandskillswhichcanbenefitbothresearchandindustry.Ourgraduatesareequippedtopursuemanyvariedcareersandaresoughtfortheirflexibility,problem-solvingskills,andexposuretoarangeoftechnologies.

ADodd-Wallsdoctoralstudenthasimmenseoptionsopentothemintheircareeroptions.ArecentUKstudyofPhDgraduates‘WhatDoResearchersDo’,revealedthat70%ofphysicalsciencesandengineeringdoctorateholdersareworkingoutsideacademiathreeandahalfyearsaftergraduating.Thispercentageiscommonacrosstheglobeandisapplicabletoourstudents.Careerdestinationsincludedhealth,business,finance,consultancy,engineering,sales&marketinginrolessuchasactuarialtrainee,creditriskanalyst,patentexaminer,globalenergymanager,statisticianandaerodynamicsengineer.

What do our students earn?Thistendencyisalsobackedup1inNewZealand.Notonlydophysicsgraduatesgoontoawidevarietyofcareers,theyearnmore.PhysicsandAstronomygraduatesearnmorethanforanyotherdegree,withcomputerscientistsandchemistsalsohighlyremunerated.Thisisanaddedpremiumgiventhatonaverageagraduateearns$1.6Mmorethananon-graduateovertheirlifetime2.

Toenhanceourengagementwithindustryandtosupportourstudentsmovingtowardscareersinindustry,in2018weemployedaBusinessDevelopmentManager,ShannonScown.Shannonhashadimmediateimpactwithourstudents,andiskeentosupportnewinitiativesaswellasworkingwelltoliaisebetweenourresearchers,techtransferofficesandthewiderbusinesscommunity.

Physicsdoctoratesinnon-academicroles:breakdownbysector(sampleof167graduates).

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References:1. Koslow, S. (2005). If creative scientists sustain New Zealand’s economy, how is science

education doing? Insights from recent university science graduates. A report prepared for the New Zealand Universities Science Council, Royal Society of New Zealand.

2. https://www.universitiesnz.ac.nz/latest-news-and-publications/degree-smart-investment

Proof of Concept fundingWeconsiderourselvesakeyelementoftheinnovationecosystem,providingresearchtoenablecommercialisationandasteadystreamofstudentsforNewZealand’shighvaluetechnologicalfuture.Assuchwesupportandleveragestrengthsoftheexistingresearchcommercialisationecosystem,includingmembersofthenationalcommercialisationpartnernetwork(ReturnOnScienceandKiwiNet

Forexample,in2018oneofourresearcherswontheOtagoInnovationLtdProof of Concept Grant competitionwhichprovides$50,000totakeanideathroughtoproofofviability.Thiswasthefirsttimeaphysicalsciencesconcepthadwonthisaward.Notably,thesecondplaceentryalsocamefromaresearcherinaDodd-WallsCentrelab.Inaddition,Dodd-WallsCentremembersmadenumerouspresentationsthroughtheyeartoReturnonScience’sPhysicalSciencesPanelwhichadvisesonthesupportofnewdisclosuresfromthePre-SeedAcceleratorFund(PSAF),includingatleastfiveneworsignificantlyprogresseddisclosures.AtleastoneoftheseideaswasestablishedbyastudentthroughoneoftheDWCforumstoidentifycommercialideasandgiveadviceonbuildingabusinesscase.

Wealsoundertakevalue-addingactivitieswithinit,suchastheproofofconceptfundingweofferedin2018.Thisfundingwasestablishedafterweobservedthattechnologytransferoffices’appetiteisgreatestfortechnologiesandinventionsisonceaproofofconcepthasbeendemonstrated.Ourfundhasbeencreatedtobridgethegapformembers''goodideas'totheproofofconceptstage.WeprovidefurthersupportthroughourdedicatedDWCdevelopmentlaboratoriesintheCentreforInnovationatOtagoandinOtagoHouseinAucklandforprototypeandproofofconceptdevelopment.

Thefirstfundingroundattractedfiveapplicationsandtheindustryteamareworkingwiththeseinvestigatorstosupporttheirideadevelopment.Iftheprojectsaresuccessfulandtheideasareacceptedashavingsufficientdata/evidencetoprogressthroughtoproofofconceptbytheinvestigator’s

technologytransferoffice,wewillsupporttheinvestigatorsinthenextstageoftheprojectsevolutiononanasrequiredbasis.Afurtherroundwillbeheldin2019.

Student WorkshopsTheDodd-WallsCentrefacilitatesworkshopsaimedatencouragingourstudentstoconsiderstartingupcompaniestoexploittheirresearchorotherideasthatcometothemduringthecourseoftheirresearchwork.Suchworkshopsareavailableinmanyrelatedformsbuttheyallprovidevaluableexperienceforstudentswhohaveaninterestinbecomingentrepreneurs.Inthelastthreeyearswehavesentstudentstothe“GetFunded!”workshoporganisedbyKiwiNetinAuckland,andalsoputonadedicatedworkshopattheUniversityofOtago(“theOtagoPostgraduateEnterpriseandInnovationWorkshop”).Bothoftheseformatsuseaversionofthe“LeanCanvas”methodology,involvestudentslearningtoworkinteamstowardsacommongoal.Theworkshopsprovideinstructionandpracticeinmarketresearch,identificationanddevelopmentoftheskillsnecessarytodeterminewhetheranenterprisemightsucceed,andtheyprovideanopportunityforthestudentstodevelopaninvestmentpitchfor’theirproject’.Wehavefoundthatwhileonlyafewoftheideasthatarepresentedhaverealcommercialpotential,thisisofsecondaryimportanceastheskillsdevelopedintheworkshopsareofgreatvaluetostudentsintheirsubsequentcareers.

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Attendeesata“GetFunded”workshopattheUniversityofAuckland.

Examples of DWC Industry Engagement in 2018TheCentrecontinuedtoexpandourindustrynetworksover2018.Whilecommercialsensitivitieswillnotallowustosharemanyofoursuccesses,thefollowingexampleshelptodemonstratethebreadthofourindustrylinkages.

Interactions with the Defence SectorOurresearchersarewellconnectedwithvariousnationalandinternationaldefenceagencieswhoengagewithusandrecruitourgraduates.TheseagenciesincludetheDefenceTechnologyAgency(DTA)inNewZealand,theUSAirForceResearchLaboratories(USAFRL),andtheequivalentagenciesintheUSnavalandarmysectors.Inaddition,wehaverecentlystartedtoengagewiththeAustralianDefenceIndustryandInnovationHub,whichhaswideneditsfundingscopetoincludeNewZealand.ThisisastrategicmovebytheHubtobolsterthecapabilities,andtounderpinthedevelopmentofnewcommercialenterprisesintheregioninphotonics.

Theindustryteamleader,JohnHarvey,hasregularmeetingswithDTA.FollowingonfromourparticipationinameetingattheUSconsulateinDecember2017withNASA’sEmergingSpaceProgramExecutiveinvolvingNZDIA,Airbus,NZUSCouncil,ATEEDandtheDTA,JohnwasinvitedtohelporganiseameetingwithvisitingstafffromtheAFRL(SensorsandMaterialsDirectorate,OfficeofScientificResearch,andAsianOfficeofAerospaceResearchandDevelopment)whohaveprojectswithuniversitiesinAustraliaandwantedtoexplorepossiblecollaborationwiththeDTAanduniversitiesinNZontopicsofmutualinterest.ThismeetingtookplaceinDecember2018,andtheDWChasbeeninvitedtosubmitafundingproposaltotheAFRLduring2019.Inaddition,theDTAhascommissionedareportfromDWCresearchersonQuantumTechnologiesandtheirapplicationsintheDefencesector.

Interactions with European AgenciesTheDWCisamemberoftheEuropeanPhotonicsIndustryConsortium(EPIC)(https://www.epic-assoc.com/)andparticipatesinseveraloftheirmeetings,whicharegenerallycolocatedwithmajorinternationalconferences,atwhichDWCstaffarepresentingpapers.EPICisakeyenablerofindustrydevelopmentsinphotonics,andprovidestheCentrewithlinkagestohundredsofphotonicscompaniesandresearchgroupsworldwide.

TheDWChasparticipatedinanumberofmeetingsonstrategicdevelopmentsinphotonicsinEurope,andisrecognisedasthecontactpointfordevelopmentsinphotonicsinNewZealand.Wecontributedtoanimportantforum,organisedbyPhotonDelta(https://www.photondelta.eu/),withagoaltodeveloparoadmapforintegratedphotonicsmanufacturing.Atthe2018meeting,theIndustryTeamleaderwasaskedtobeco-leaderofaworkshopontheuseofphotonictechnologiesinagriculture,andhehasbeeninvitedtoattendthefollowupmeetingoftheWorldTechnologyMappingforuminBerlininJuneof2019.Duringhis2018trip,JohnwasabletovisitanumberofotherUniversitiestodiscusscollaborativeprojectsincludingAstonUniversityandtheUniversityofStrathclyde.

AsaVicePresidentoftheInternationalCommissionforOptics(ICO)(oneoftheirtwoindustryrepresentatives).JohnHarveytravelledtotheNetherlandsinOctober2018toparticipateintheannualmeetingoftheICOBureau,andhasbeenaskedtodevelopanewprizetobeawardedannuallybytheICOforregionaldevelopmentinOptics(hechairsthecommitteeforRegionalDevelopmentinOptics,CREDO).

AsPresidentoftheAustralianOpticalSociety(AOS)ProfessorHarveyhasbeeninstrumentalinpromotingasurveyoftheimportanceofPhotonicstotheeconomiesofAustraliaandNewZealand.In2018hemetwiththeauthorofarecentreportonPhotonicsintheUK(seehttps://photonicsuk.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/UK_Photonics_The_Hidden_Economy.pdf),andhasarrangedforasimilarreporttobeundertakenfortheAustralasian

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regionin2019.ThisreportisprimarilyfundedbytheAOSbutalsohascontributionsfromtheDWCandprofessionalorganizationsintheUSA.ThesereportsareofsignificantinteresttoGovernmentsandMinistries,andtheUKreporthasbeenfollowedupinrecentmonthswithreportsonthewholeEuropeanPhotonicsindustry,ontheimportanceofPhotonicstotheScottisheconomy,andonitsrelevancetotheNetherlands.

Emphasis on AgTechIn2018wehavecontinuedtheemphasisonagriculturaltechnologiesthroughourinteractionswithanumberofAgTech-focusedcompaniesandindevelopingnewsensorsofinteresttotheagriculturalsector.Thesesensorsarelikelytohaveabigimpactinthe5-10yeartimescale(includingquantumtechnologiessuchasgravimetersandsensorsformonitoringanimalphysiology),butitisinmakingincrementalimprovementstothetechnologiesalreadydeployedinourprimaryindustriesthatthebiggesteconomicreturnsarelikelytobemadeintheshorterterm.Tothisend,theDWCcommissionedareportin2018byanindependentNewZealandconsultantwithdecadesofexperienceinthearea.Thisreportwillassistusinprioritisingworkingwiththemanypossibleenterprisesinthissector.

Translating research into technologyPresentations to Return on Science (ROS)ReturnonScienceistheprimeroutetotranslatinguniversityresearchtocommercialisationinNewZealand,throughthePreSeedAcceleratorFund(PSAF),andtheventurecapitalmarket.InitiallybasedatUniservices(UniversityofAuckland),theROSmeetingsarenowheldaroundthecountry.ROShasfivecommitteesandtheDWCideasaregenerallypresentedtothePhysicalSciencescommittee,whichmeetsmonthly.During2018theDWCengagedwithROSonseveraloccasions.

CatherSimpsonandassociatedresearchersandinvestorsgaveupdatestotheROSCommitteeinApril2018onthestatusofthetwostart-upcompaniesusingphotonictechnologies:OrbisDiagnosticsandEngenderTechnologies.

ProfessorsNeilBroderick,CatherSimpsonandJohnHarveygaveapresentationtoROSonthepotentialforthedevelopmentofaservicecompanyutilisingfemtosecondlasersformaterialprocessingapplicationsinAugust2018.

LukeTaylorgaveapresentationtoROSattheirNovembermeetingonanewtypeoffilterfortheopticaldetectionofanalytesdowntoextremelylowconcentrations.Thisprojectwasdevelopedfromstudentparticipationinaforumtoidentifycommercialisationideas,andgiveinstructioninbuildingbusinesscases.

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DWC PI Cather Simpson led her laser-based company Engender Technologies to acquisition in 2018. Cather remains an AI in the Centre whilst continuing to guide Engender to commercial success in partnership with its new owners.

Examples of DWC Industry Events in 2018Again,theCentrewasinvolvedinanumberofeventsandwehadtheopportunitytopresenttonationalandinternationalcompaniesabouttheresearchthatweundertake.Examplesofsomeeventsthatwereofinteresttoabroadcross-sectionofthebusinesscommunitywere:

TechWeek 2018 Interface event at the Grid Auckland AspartofTechWeek2018,theDodd-WallsCentreranajointeventwiththeMacDiarmidInstitute.Ourindustryteamleader,JohnHarvey,MC'dtheevent,whichshowcasedfourindustry/CoREcollaborationsthathadbeensuccessfullydevelopedoverthelastyear(twofromeachCentreofResearchExcellence).Theeventalsoservedastheopportunitytoannouncethenewcompaniesthatwewillbeworkingwithin2019.

Tech After FiveAlsoaspartofTechWeek,inpartnershipwiththeOtagoChamberofCommerceandOtagoMuseum,weheldanafter-workmeetingintheMuseum’sBeautifulScienceGalleryandTūhuraOtagoCommunityTrustScienceCentre.TheeventbroughttogetherChambermembersfromacrossthehigh-techsectorsothattheycouldseesomeofthesciencebeingundertakenattheDodd-WallsCentre,meetresearchersandalsoplayinthewonderfulnewsciencecentre,alsosponsoredbytheDodd-WallsCentre.

Privacy and Security in a Quantum Age in the Grand Hall, ParliamentOnMay10thinventorofDeviceIndependentQuantumKeyDistribution,andDWCScienceAdvisoryBoardmember,ProfessorArturEkert(UniversityofOxfordandDirectoroftheCentreforQuantumTechnologiesinSingapore)gaveapresentationinParliamenthostedbyHon.DrMeganWoods,MinisterforResearch,ScienceandInnovation.QuantumKeyDistributionisameansofsecuringinformationtransmissionwithnochanceofinterception.Theimportanceofquantuminformationprocessingandsecuritywashighlightedtoanaudienceofpoliticians,civilservants,business,defenceandbankingsectors.

ProfArthurEkertaddressestheaudienceintheGrandHall,ParliamentBuildings.

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Increased Scientific Impact

• Fostercutting-edgetranslationalresearchbycollaborationacrossdifferentareasofresearch

• Establishapipelineofnewresearchtoscientificandindustrialcommunities

• EstablishNewZealandasahubofinternationalconferencesandevents

• RaisetheinternationalprofileoftheDodd-WallsCentreasaworld-classresearchcentre

Enhanced Economic Output

• Newstart-upbusinesseswithsupportfromexternalcapital

• FosterinitiativeswithestablishedNewZealandenterprises

• Attractinvestmentfromoverseasmulti-nationalcorporations

A Stronger Workforce

• Buildexpertiseinresearchtranslationtocommercialisation

• Buildapoolofhighlytrainedindividualswithinterestinhigh-techandotherskilledjobs

• Linkthepoolofhighlytrainedindividualstocompaniesinneedoftheseskills

Better Careers

• Fosterskillsthatenableavarietyofcareeroptionsforstudentsandstaff

• EnhancecareerdevelopmentthroughopportunitiesforleadershipwithintheDodd-WallsCentre

• Addressbarrierstoparticipationoradvancementrelatedtogenderanddiversity

Improved Decision-Making

• Offeradviceonmattersofscientificortechnologicalimportancetogovernment

• Useandsharebestpracticegovernanceandmanagementforresearchcentres

• Engagewithgovernmentagenciesaboutperformanceandimpact

• Useperformancereportstodemonstratehowoutcomeswillbeachieved

Improved Scientific Literacy

• Educationaloutreachprogrammesestablishedoraugmentedthroughmuseumsandinruralareas

• Programmesenhancetheexperienceoflearningaboutscience,encouragingfurtherparticipationbystudents,teachers,whānauandthegeneralpublic

• Scientificeducationalmaterialsgeneratedaspartoftheprogrammesisavailabletoteachers

STRATEGIC OUTCOMESThe research plan of the Dodd-Walls Centre and our strategic initiatives will deliver results in six key outcome areas as follows:

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WE ARE RANKED IN THE TOP TEN INSTITUTIONS FROM NEW ZEALAND IN

THE NATURE INDEX (IN 8TH POSITION IN 2018).

WE WORK WITH SOME OF NEW ZEALAND’S LARGEST

BRANDS AND WE HAVE FOSTERED START-UP

BUSINESSES SUCH AS ENGENDER TECHNOLOGIES.

OUR RESEARCH EXTENDS FROM THEORETICAL TO COMMERCIAL AND WE HAVE HAD SPIN-OUT

COMPANIES FORMED. THIS BREADTH OF RESEARCH PROVIDES

EXPOSURE FOR OUR STUDENTS ACROSS THE RESEARCH

SPECTRUM AND WE WORK CLOSELY WITH OUR STUDENTS TO PROVIDE THEM OPPORTUNITIES THAT BENEFIT BOTH THEM AND

THE COMPANIES THEY JOIN.

THE OPPORTUNITIES OFFERED TO OUR STUDENTS MAKE OUR GRADUATES SOUGHT AFTER IN THE MARKETPLACE, THEY

ARE PROVIDED OPPORTUNITIES FROM START-UP WORKSHOPS TO LEARNING TIKANGA MAORI

THROUGH PARTICIPATION IN WANANGA.

OUR RESEARCHERS SERVE IN ROLES ON NUMEROUS PUBLIC SECTOR

PANELS AND BOARDS. THROUGH THESE THEY ARE ABLE TO ENGAGE

WITH GOVERNMENT AGENCIES TO ADD EXPERTISE TO DECISION MAKING OR DATA ANALYSIS. WE

ALSO PROVIDE EXPERT ADVICE E.G. EKERT’S ADDRESS IN PARLIAMENT

AND ADVICE PAPERS TO THE DEFENCE TECHNOLOGY AGENCY (DTA).

THROUGH OUR EDUCATIONAL OUTREACH PROGRAMMES WE

CONTINUE TO MAKE A SIGNIFICANT CONTRIBUTION TO IMPROVING THE SCIENTIFIC LITERACY OF ALL NEW

ZEALANDERS AND MORE RECENTLY SOME OF OUR PACIFIC NEIGHBOURS.

WORKING WITH MUSEUMS AND OTHER PARTNERS, WE CREATE

PROGRAMMES AND RESOURCES TO PROVIDE OPPORTUNITIES FOR

ONGOING LEARNING AND DISCOVERY.

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TheDodd-WallsCentre’sresearchthemesandmanagementteamsarelinkedandresourcedsuchthatthecapitalresourceseffectivelysupportactivitiesandproduceoutputsthatovertimearedeliveringimpactandachievingstrategicoutcomes.TheDodd-WallsCentre’svaluechainisillustratedhere:

VALUE CREATION IN THE DODD-WALLS CENTRE

IMPACTS AND OUTCOMES• Short term: direct impact of DWC research, training, industry contracts, education outreach• Medium term: contribution to future workforce, wealth generation and increased science

literacy; increase in number of STEM students; increased connectivity between the science andindustry sectors

• Long term: capability development for industry through high quality training of a researchworkforce skilled in the application of research; contributions to the place of science in societyand the economy; growth of the high-tech industry sector in NZ and new high-value products;better decision making through increased science literacy; increased wellbeing throughimproved economic performance and equity

ACTIVITIES AND OUTPUTS• Excellence in research outputs and professional activities• Creation of new knowledge• IP commercialisation and co-creation of IP with partners in R&D contracts• Training and career developpment for researchers and students• Educational activities and resources• Productive national and international relationships• Increased collaborations and increased external funding

STRUCTURE AND OPERATIONS• Research and collaboration (nationally and internationally)• Competence and capacity development of researchers and students• Engagement and collaboration with industry• Educational and public outreach activities• Excellent governance and management practices• Strong scientific and industry advisory panels comprised of leading scientists and industryleaders respectively

CAPITAL INPUTS• Human and intellectual capital• Manufactured capital (physical assets)• Financial capital

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Whenitcomestocommunicatingwhattheydoatwork,Dodd-Wallsresearchershaveanunusuallytoughchallenge.Althoughtheirresearchisprofoundlyimportantforsociety,itisintenselycomplexandtechnical,whichcanmakeitinaccessibletogeneralaudiences.

Andyetscientistsneedtocommunicatetheirresearchinordertogetfunding,applyforjobs,collaboratewithindustry,teach,inspirethenextgenerationofscientists,andgenerallyexplainthemselves.Thefutureofsciencedependsonit!

In2018theDodd-WallsCentrelaunchedacommunicationtrainingprogrammetoempowerresearcherstocommunicatewithgeneralaudiences.ItbeganwithsevenresearchersfromtheUniversityofOtago-amixtureofstudents,postdocsandprincipalinvestigators.Theoutcomeoftheprogrammewasaseriesofvideoswitheachresearcherexplaininghisorherresearch.

TheprogrammewasrunbyElizabethConnor,sciencecommunicatorandinauguralwinnerofthePrimeMinister’sScienceCommunicationPrizealongwithvideographerSamRitchie.

Itbeganwithatrainingworkshopintroducingfundamentalcommunicationprinciplesandtoolsforengagingyouraudience.Itfocusedonmetaphors–oneofthemostpowerfulwaysofmakingscienceaccessible.Afterthateachresearcherhadachancetogoawayanddevelopideasfortheirvideo.Next,acoachingsessionwithElizabethhelpedthemhonetheirideas.Finally,theyeachpresentedtheirresearchtocamera.ThevideosproducedwillbeaninvaluableresourcefortheresearchersandtheDodd-WallsCentre.

Hereweintroducethreeoftheparticipatingresearchersandthemetaphorstheycameupwith.

COMMUNICATING WITH METAPHORS

PetraFersterer:QuantumDetective.

In her PhD in theoretical quantum physics, Petra is exploring the quantum world by analysing experiments with ultra-cold atoms. She explains:

“Quantum physics is all around us but the effects are so tiny we never notice them. It is a bit like trying to hear a mouse squeak in a wall of a concert hall while an orchestra is playing. To hear the mouse you would have to quieten the orchestra, turn off the air conditioning and stop the traffic outside. Even then you might need to put a microphone up to the wall to hear the mouse. In the same way we have to cool atoms down to ultracold temperatures to remove all the noisy distractions and reveal the quantum world.”

Andhere’swhatPetrasaidaboutthetrainingprogramme:

“I’m an over thinker who stresses about everything I say, yet I left feeling like I did a good job and was really proud afterwards. That was an awesome experience to have!”

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A Principal Investigator in the Dodd-Walls Centre, Harald is developing technologies to enable quantum computers to communicate with each other. This will make it possible to send quantum information around the world and solve really complicated problems. He explains:

“The current superconducting quantum computers are great. The problem is they can’t talk to each other. Each one lives in a cryostat (a very cold fridge) which is like a quiet room. They need to be so cold because the information the quantum computer produces is in microwave photons which is like a very quiet whisper. They want to communicate with each other but they can only whisper. And outside the cryostat is like a noisy room. We have developed a method called up-conversion which converts the microwave photon into a visible photon which is more like a shout.”

Andhere’swhatHaraldsaidaboutthetrainingprogramme:

“Withpracticecomesconfidenceandtheworkshopprovidedawelcomingatmospheretocommunicateoursciencetoageneralaudience.Highlightingsomeoftheconceptswithmetaphorswasquitefun!”

Also a Principal Investigator in the Dodd-Walls Centre, Blair is a quantum theorist exploring the quantum world through cold gases:

“I’m a practical kind of person but to me the most magical thing in this world is the law of quantum mechanics. Sometimes I feel like an explorer who has just discovered the Galapagos Islands. There are all these new things to do and see and we can make predictions that experimentalists can explore.”

Andhere’swhatBlairsaidaboutthetrainingprogramme:

“People are genuinely curious and want to hear from scientists. The workshop was excellent at teaching me how to put myself in someone else’s shoes, and how to appreciate the challenges and opportunities of talking to a different audience.”

BlairBlaikie:QuantumExplorer.

HaraldSchwefel:HelpingQuantumComputersTalktoEachOther.

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FACTS AND FIGURES

Broad category Detailed category Y4 (2018)

ValueofCoREfundingfromTEC($M) 5.04

FTEsbycategory PrincipalInvestigators 3.05 AssociateInvestigators 0.83 PostdoctoralFellows 8.99 ResearchTechnicians 0.60 Administrative/Support 4.29 ResearchStudents(26.33fundedbytheDWC) 109.07 Total 126.83Headcountsbycategory PrincipalInvestigators 24 AssociateInvestigators 31 PostdoctoralFellows 31 ResearchTechnicians 9 Administrative/Support/Management 10 ResearchStudents(32fundedbytheDWC) 138 Total 243Peerreviewedresearch Journalarticles 125 Books 0 Bookchapters 0 Conferencepapers 34 Other 0 Total 159Valueofexternalresearch VoteScienceandInnovationcontestablefunds 7.14 OtherNZGovernment 0.01 Domestic-privatesectorfunding 0.18 Overseas 0.09 Host/PartnerSupport 0.01 Total 7.43Commercialactivities Patentapplications 1 Patentsgranted 3 Inventiondisclosures 7 Totalnumberofspinouts(2015-2018) 2Studentsstudyingat Doctoraldegree 94 Other 44 Total 138Numberofstudents Doctoraldegree 23 Other 18 Total 41Immediatepost-study FurtherstudyinNZ 7 Furtherstudyoverseas 6 EmployedinNZ 22 Employedoverseas 2 Other 2 Unknown 2 Total 41

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graduatedestinations

completingqualificationsbylevel

CoREbylevel

contractsawardedbysource($MNZD)

outputsbytype

NZ government CoRE income,

5.04

Other NZ government income, 7.15

NZ private sector

funding, 0.18

Overseas funding; 0.09

Host Support, 0.01

2018 INCOME BY SOURCE ($M NZD)

Further study in NZ; 7

employed in NZ; 22

further study overseas; 6

employed overseas; 2

other; 2

unknown; 2

GRADUATE DESTINATIONS

Principal Investigators, 24

Associate Investigators, 31

Postdoctoral/ Research Fellows,

31

Resarch Technician/ Engineers, 9

Admin/Support/ Management, 10

other postgraduate students, 44

PhD students, 94

MEMBERSHIP PROFILE

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TheDodd-WallsCentrereceivesfundingfromsourcesotherthantheTEC’sCoREsFundandtheadditionalfundingcontributesdirectlytoresearchprojectsinthefourResearchThemes.SomeDWCstaffandstudentmembersaresupportedbytheseexternalresearchfunds,whereasothersaresupportedbyCoREfunding.ThemembershipprofileincludesallDWCmembers,whilethefinancialreportindicatesonlythosedirectlysupportedbyCoREfunds.

TheDWChasatotalof55Investigators(includingtheDirectorandDeputyDirector)and40otherresearchstaff.Doctoralstudents(44)comprise39%ofthetotalmembershipoftheDWCandinadditiontoresearchtraining,manyofourstrategicactivitiesinvolvestudentsincludingeducationaloutreachactivities,KaHikitia,andindustryinterfaceandR&D.DWCstrategicandcentralactivitiesareledandsupportedby4managersand5administrative/supportstaff.

AllDWCstudentsundertakeresearchandmostofthematthehighestlevelinPhDprogrammes.Thosecategorisedas‘Other’intheTable(studentsstudyingatCoREbylevel)includemasters,honours,andpostgraduatediplomastudents.SomeofthesestudentswillgoontoPhDprogrammeswhileothersgoontoemploymentinNewZealandoroverseas.GraduatedestinationsincludeallPhDandotherdegreestudents.

Actual Budget

Income 5,039,000 5,039,000

Salaries and related costs

Director,PIandAI 371,853 379,170

PostdoctoralFellows 599,349 888,134

Others-Managers&Salary-relatedcosts 199,421 225,823

Total salaries and related costs 1,170,623 1,493,127

Overheads 996,006 1,488,627

Research operating expenditure and depreciation

Theme1aPhotonicsensing&imaging 205,041 288,000

Theme1bPhotonicsources&components 323,061 211,000

Theme2aQuantumfluids&gases 128,107 150,000

Theme2bQuantummanipulation&information 91,775 241,998

Poolopex(New&EmergingResearchers) 260,080 571,924

Total research operating expenditure 1,008,065 1,462,922

Scholarships awarded 980,575 826,919Scholarships pool - -

Strategic operating expenditure

IndustryOutreach&consultants 167,159 213,000

EducationalOutreach 72,889 70,000

KaHikitia 29,121 30,000

Total strategic operating expenditure 269,169 313,000

Centre operating expenditure

TravelPool(Research) 197,609 100,000

othercentrecosts 372,778 425,679

Total centre operating expenditure 570,387 525,679

Total expenditure 4,994,826 6,110,274

Netsurplus* 44,174 -1,071,274

*ThesurplusinFY2018isaplannedbudgetarysurplusthatcontributestooperationalfundsinfutureyears;thebudgetarysurplusforthesixyearsofCoREfundingis$0.

FINANCES

Report by Programme 2018

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MEMBERS, GOVERNANCE AND MANAGEMENTDWC Board members

DR GARTH CARNABY, CHAIR FRSNZ,MNZM,CNZM

DrGarthCarnabyspentthefirstpartofhiscareerapplyingmathematicsandphysicstotheindustrialutilisationofwool.Todayherunshisowncompanyprovidingresearch,governance,andconsultancy,inthescience,agriculture,manufacturing,food,andwoolfields.HeisapastPresidentoftheRoyalSocietyofNewZealandandpastchairoftheMarsdenFund.HecurrentlychairstheNZSynchrotronGroupLtdandWoolIndustryResearchLtd.HewasmadeaMemberofNZOrderofMerit(MNZM)in2006forservicestothewoolindustryandaCompanion(CNZM)in2018forservicestoScienceandGovernance.

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DR DIANNE MCCARTHY CRSNZ,ONZM,CNZM

Diannehasextensiveexperienceinanumberofseniormanagementandgovernancerolesinthetertiaryeducation,scienceandhealthsectors.TheformerCEOoftheRoyalSocietyofNewZealand,sheisnowChairoftheNewZealandInstituteofEconomicResearch,aDirectoroftheCawthronInstitute,amemberoftheHealthierLivesNationalScienceChallengeGovernanceGroup,andChairoftheAgeingWellNationalScienceChallengeGovernanceGroup.SheisaTrusteeoftheMalaghanInstituteofMedicalResearchandtheHearingResearchFoundation(NZ).ShewasmadeanOfficeroftheNewZealandOrderofMeritforherservicestoEducationin2008,aCompanionoftheRoyalSocietyofNewZealandforherservicestoSciencein2015,andaCompanionoftheNewZealandOrderofMeritforherservicestoscience,businessandwomenin2016.

MS CHARLOTTE WALSHECharlotteWalsheistheChiefExecutiveOfficerofChristchurchbasedJadeSoftwareCorporation.Charlotte,withdegreesfromtheUniversityofCanterburyinmathematicsandphysicsaswellasinEntrepreneurialDevelopmentfromtheMITSloanSchoolofManagement,hasabackgroundinthetechnologyandexportsectors.CharlotteiscurrentadirectorontheBoardofNewZealandTradeandEnterprise,andwasCEOofDynamicControlsformorethanadecadepriortojoiningJadeSoftware.

PROFESSOR JIM METSONProfessorMetsonistheDeputyVice-Chancellor(Research)atTheUniversityofAuckland.Heisaphysicalchemist,co-founderoftheUniversity’sResearchCentreforSurfaceandMaterialsScienceandoftheLightMetalsResearchCentre,afoundingmemberoftheMacDiarmidInstitute,andhehasworkedextensivelywithinternationalindustry.HewasChiefScienceAdvisortoNZ’sMBIEandtheNZGovernment’srepresentativeonthesciencegroupthatdevelopedtheAustralianSynchrotron.

PROFESSOR RICHARD BARKERProfessorBarkerwasappointedPro-Vice-ChancelloroftheDivisionofSciencesattheUniversityofOtagoin2017andisproudtoheadtheDivisionatNewZealand’smostscienceintensiveuniversity.RichardjoinedtheDepartmentofMathematicsandStatisticsattheUniversityofOtagoin1998,wasappointedProfessorofStatisticsin2007,andwasHeadoftheDepartmentofMathematicsandStatisticsfrom2008to2016.HisresearchspecialityisBayesianhierarchicalmodellingandstatisticalecology.RichardisalsoacurrentdirectorontheBoardsofOritainGlobalLtdandDinsdaleLtd.

MR IAN TAYLOR CNZM

IanTaylorisaninnovatorandbusinessleaderwhosecompaniesincludeTaylormadeMediaandAnimationResearchLimited,thelatterrenownedforitssportsgraphicsanddecisionreviewsystems.IanisofNgātiKahungunuandNgaPuhidescent,hasalawdegreefromtheUniversityofOtagoandabackgroundinbroadcasting.Hewasnamedthe2019NewZealandInnovatoroftheYear,the2013OutstandingMāoriBusinessLeaderoftheYearandthe2010NewZealanderoftheYear.In2012,IanwasappointedaCompanionoftheNewZealandOrderofMeritforservicestotelevisionandbusiness.

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PROFESSOR RICHARD BLAIKIE FRSNZ

ProfessorRichardBlaikieisDeputyVice-Chancellor(ResearchandEnterprise)attheUniversityofOtagoandProfessorinPhysics.HeisaformerDirectoroftheMacDiarmidInstitute(2008-11),formermemberoftheMarsdenFundCouncilandservedforoneyearontheNewZealandScienceBoard(2011).HewasawardedtheHectorMedalin2013forhisfundamentalandwide-rangingcontributionstothefieldofnano-opticsandaThomsonMedalin2015inrecognitionofhisscienceleadership.

Last Name First Name Title Institution Role in the DWC

Hutchinson David Professor UniversityofOtago DirectorBroderick Neil Professor TheUniversityofAuckland DeputyDirectorAguergaray Claude Dr TheUniversityofAuckland AssociateInvestigatorAlbert Michael Professor UniversityofOtago PrincipalInvestigatorAndersen Mikkel Dr UniversityofOtago PrincipalInvestigatorAuguié Baptiste Dr VictoriaUni.ofWellington AssociateInvestigatorBaillie Danny Dr UniversityofOtago AssociateInvestigatorBallagh Rob Professor UniversityofOtago PrincipalInvestigatorBlaikie Richard Professor UniversityofOtago AssociateInvestigatorBlakie Blair Professor UniversityofOtago PrincipalInvestigatorBorbely Joseph Dr CallaghanInnovation,MSL AssociateInvestigatorBradley Ashton Dr UniversityofOtago PrincipalInvestigatorBrand Joachim Professor MasseyUniversity PrincipalInvestigatorBrasch Nicola Professor AucklandUni.OfTechnology AssociateInvestigatorBubanja Vladimir Dr CallaghanInnovation AssociateInvestigatorCarmichael Howard Professor TheUniversityofAuckland PrincipalInvestigatorCheyne Juliette Dr TheUniversityofAuckland AssociateInvestigatorCoen Stephane A/Professor TheUniversityofAuckland PrincipalInvestigatorCraigie Cameron Dr AgResearchNZLtd AssociateInvestigatorCroft James Dr UniversityofOtago AssociateInvestigatorDavis Nathaniel Dr VictoriaUni.OfWellington AssociateInvestigatorDeb Amita Dr UniversityofOtago AssociateInvestigatorErkintalo Miro Dr TheUniversityofAuckland PrincipalInvestigatorGolovko Vladimir Dr UniversityofCanterbury AssociateInvestigatorGordon Keith Professor UniversityofOtago PrincipalInvestigatorGrant Craig Dr OtagoMuseum Ed.OutreachManagerGriffin Ian Dr OtagoMuseum HonoraryFellowHarvey John Professor TheUniversityofAuckland IndustryTeamLeaderHodgkiss Justin Dr VictoriaUni.ofWellington AssociateInvestigatorHoogerland Maarten Dr TheUniversityofAuckland PrincipalInvestigatorJin Jianyong Dr TheUniversityofAuckland AssociateInvestigatorJones Marcus Dr AucklandUni.OfTechnology AssociateInvestigatorKaipio Jari Professor TheUniversityofAuckland AssociateInvestigatorKjærgaard Niels A/Professor UniversityofOtago PrincipalInvestigatorKrauskopf Bernd Professor TheUniversityofAuckland PrincipalInvestigatorKünnemeyer Rainer A/Professor VictoriaUni.ofWellington AssociateInvestigatorLeRu Eric Professor VictoriaUni.ofWellington AssociateInvestigatorLeonhardt Rainer A/Professor TheUniversityofAuckland PrincipalInvestigatorLongdell Jevon A/Professor UniversityofOtago PrincipalInvestigatorMcCane Brendan A/Professor UniversityofOtago AssociateInvestigatorMcGoverin Cushla Dr TheUniversityofAuckland AssociateInvestigatorMurdoch Stuart Dr TheUniversityofAuckland PrincipalInvestigatorNieuwoudt Michel Dr TheUniversityofAuckland AssociateInvestigatorParkins Scott A/Professor TheUniversityofAuckland PrincipalInvestigatorReeves Roger Professor UniversityofCanterbury AssociateInvestigatorReid Michael Professor UniversityofCanterbury AssociateInvestigatorReis Marlon Dr AgResearchNZLtd AssociateInvestigatorSchwefel Harald Dr UniversityofOtago PrincipalInvestigatorSimpson Cather Professor TheUniversityofAuckland PrincipalInvestigatorSmith Catherine Dr UniversityofOtago AssociateInvestigatorTaylor Luke Dr UniversityofOtago PrototypeManager

Investigators, Management and Administration

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Last Name First Name Title Institution Role in the DWC

VanWijk Kasper A/Professor TheUniversityofAuckland PrincipalInvestigatorVanholsbeeck Frédérique Dr TheUniversityofAuckland PrincipalInvestigatorVogt Dominik Dr TheUniversityofAuckland AssociateInvestigatorWaterhouse Geoff A/Professor TheUniversityofAuckland AssociateInvestigatorWells JonPaul Professor UniversityofCanterbury PrincipalInvestigatorXu Peter Professor TheUniversityofAuckland AssociateInvestigatorZülicke Ulrich Professor VictoriaUni.ofWellington AssociateInvestigatorHoskin Paul Mr UniversityofOtago ProgrammeManagerScown Shannon Ms TheUniversityofAuckland BDManagerEvans Diana Ms UniversityofOtago PA/AdministratorFoster Anita Ms UniversityofOtago AdministratorBaikie Susan Ms UniversityofOtago AdministratorMiles Dee Ms TheUniversityofAuckland AdministratorSirisena Premika Ms TheUniversityofAuckland Administrator

Postdoctoral and Research Fellows

Last Name First Name Title Institution Position

Balabhadra Sangeetha Dr UniversityofCanterbury PostdoctoralFellowCanela Victor Dr TheUniversityofAuckland PostdoctoralFellowCink Ruth Dr TheUniversityofAuckland PostdoctoralFellowDing Boyang Dr UniversityofOtago PostdoctoralFellowEbling Ulrich Dr MasseyUniversity PostdoctoralFellowGarbin Bruno Dr TheUniversityofAuckland PostdoctoralFellowHelm John Dr UniversityofOtago PostdoctoralFellowHoltcamp Hannah Dr TheUniversityofAuckland PostdoctoralFellowJohnson Jami Dr TheUniversityofAuckland ResearchFellowKolenderska Sylwia Dr TheUniversityofAuckland PostdoctoralFellowKumari Madhuri Dr UniversityofOtago PostdoctoralFellowLambert Nicholas Dr UniversityofOtago PostdoctoralFellowMajor Jan Dr MasseyUniversity PostdoctoralFellowMallett Ben Dr TheUniversityofAuckland PostdoctoralFellowMiller Sara Dr UniversityofOtago PostdoctoralFellowMinnee Thomas Dr MasseyUniversity ResearchFellowMonahan Nick Dr VictoriaUniversityofWellington PostdoctoralFellowMunoz Andrus Dr TheUniversityofAuckland PostdoctoralFellowNg Vincent Dr TheUniversityofAuckland PostdoctoralFellowNovikova Nina Dr TheUniversityofAuckland PostdoctoralFellowPal Sukla Dr UniversityofOtago PostdoctoralFellowPrice Mike Dr VictoriaUniversityofWellington PostdoctoralFellowRisos Alex Dr TheUniversityofAuckland PostdoctoralFellowRobertson Julia Dr TheUniversityofAuckland PostdoctoralFellowSchumayer Daniel Dr UniversityofOtago PostdoctoralFellowRueda-ShanchezAlfredo Dr UniversityofOtago PostdoctoralFellowShamailov Sophie Dr UniversityofOtago PostdoctoralFellowTerrien Soizic Dr TheUniversityofAuckland PostdoctoralFellowThomas Ryan Dr UniversityofOtago PostdoctoralFellowWeyland Marvin Dr UniversityofOtago PostdoctoralFellowYu XiaoQuan Dr UniversityofOtago ResearchFellow

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PhD StudentsLast Name First Name Institution Completed (C) DWC Scholarship (S)

Alizadeh Yashar UniversityofCanterbury SAnyi Caroline UniversityofCanterbury CAshforth Simon TheUniversityofAuckland CAzeem Farhan UniversityofOtago SBaber Logan TheUniversityofAuckland SBangaloreShashidhar VinayBharadwaj AucklandUniversityofTechnologyBarnsley Jonathan UniversityofOtago CBogunovic Dijana TheUniversityofAuckland CBourke Levi UniversityofOtago CBrown Dylan TheUniversityofAuckland SCanela Victor TheUniversityofAuckland CCawte Michael UniversityofOtagoChai Shijie UniversityofOtago CChakraborti Taparabata UniversityofOtago CChan Andrew TheUniversityofAucklandChen Wan-Ting TheUniversityofAuckland CChen Hao TheUniversityofAuckland CChilcott Matthew UniversityofOtagoCink Ruth AucklandUniversityofTechnologyClarke James TheUniversityofAuckland CCormack Maddy UniversityofOtago SCosme Jayson MasseyUniversity C,SDillon Owen TheUniversityofAucklandDosado AubreyGabasa TheUniversityofAuckland C,SEmeny Chrissy UniversityofCanterburyFernandez-Gonzalvo Xavier UniversityofOtago C,SFersterer Petra UniversityofOtagoFisher Ewan TheUniversityofAucklandGaragoda Samanali UniversityofOtago SGoh Hwan TheUniversityofAuckland SGoodwin(prev.Brown)Matthew TheUniversityofAuckland SGroiseau Caspar TheUniversityofAucklandGulley Anton TheUniversityofAuckland CGutiérrez-Jáuregui Ricardo TheUniversityofAuckland CHaase Thomas TheUniversityofAuckland CHensley Noah UniversityofOtagoHitchman Sam TheUniversityofAuckland CHong Fan UniversityofOtago CHonney Claire TheUniversityofAucklandHope James TheUniversityofAucklandHosking Peter TheUniversityofAucklandHsieh Pei-Huan(Sally) TheUniversityofAuckland CHubley Lancia UniversityofCanterbury CHyndman Adam TheUniversityofAuckland CJamil Mahamood TheUniversityofAucklandJeszenszki Peter MasseyUniversity SJobbitt Nicholas UniversityofCanterbury SJohnson Jami TheUniversityofAuckland C

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Last Name First Name Institution Completed (C) DWC Scholarship (S)

Jull Harrisson UniversityofWaikato C,SKang Hong TheUniversityofAuckland CKaur Harpreet UniversityofWaikatoKing Gavin UniversityofOtagoKumari Madhuri UniversityofOtago CLee Lia TheUniversityofAucklandLoveday James TheUniversityofAuckland SMapley Joseph UniversityofOtagoMartin Jamin UniversityofCanterburyMartines-Gasoni Rodrigo UniversityofCanterbury CMasson Stuart TheUniversityofAucklandMautner Ira TheUniversityofAucklandMcDonald Rob UniversityofOtagoMcPhail Vivian TheUniversityofAuckland SMesbah Rassoul UniversityofOtagoMikhisor Maria UniversityofOtago CMo Zonglai TheUniversityofAucklandMobassem Sonia UniversityofOtagoNeiman Alex UniversityofCanterburyNemet Nikolett TheUniversityofAuckland SNielsen Alexander TheUniversityofAuckland SNovikova Nina TheUniversityofAuckland COh Sue-Ann UniversityofOtagoOnyema Chikezie UniversityofCanterburyOtto Suzanne UniversityofCanterburyOtupiri Robert TheUniversityofAuckland SOu Rachel(Fang) TheUniversityofAucklandRadionova Anna TheUniversityofAuckland CReynolds Luke UniversityofOtago S,CRobert Chima UniversityofOtagoRooney Jeremy UniversityofOtagoRuddell Samuel TheUniversityofAuckland CRuksasakchai Poramaporn(Up) UniversityofOtago SRwizinkindi Dominique AucklandUniversityofTechnologySales Ruth UniversityofOtago SSavoie Maxime UniversityofCanterbury SSawyer Bianca UniversityofOtago SSayson Noel TheUniversityofAuckland SScott Jonty UniversityofCanterburyShamailov Sophie MasseyUniversity CSharma Shailendra UniversityofCanterburyShikhaliNajafabadi Mojdeh UniversityofOtagoShillito Georgina UniversityofOtagoSolis Daniel UniversityofOtagoSun Jason UniversityofWaikatoSutton Joshua UniversityofOtagoSymes Luke UniversityofOtago CTesana Siriluck UniversityofCanterbury

Last Name First Name Institution Completed (C) DWC Scholarship (S)

Thampi Abi TheUniversityofAuckland SThomas Ryan UniversityofOtago CThompson Sarah TheUniversityofAuckland CThorn Karen VictoriaUni.ofWellingtonTrainor Luke UniversityofOtagoUrbanska Magdalena TheUniversityofAuckland SVargas Matheus TheUniversityofAuckland CVogt Dominik TheUniversityofAuckland CWang Yadong TheUniversityofAuckland C,SWang Mark TheUniversityofWaikatopWang Qing TheUniversityofAucklandWang Xindi(Andy) TheUniversityofAucklandWebb Karen TheUniversityofAuckland CWhitby Reece TheUniversityofAuckland CWhite Donald TheUniversityofAuckland CWilliamson Lewis UniversityofOtago CWu Yimei TheUniversityofAucklandYang Mingrui(Ray) MasseyUniversityYe Piao(Tracy) TheUniversityofAucklandYong MingRui TheUniversityofAuckland CZhou Huihua TheUniversityofAuckland C,SZlygostiev Mykola TheUniversityofAucklandZou Dian UniversityofCanterbury

Other Research Degree StudentsLast Name First Name Institution Completed (C) DWC Scholarship (S)

Agineray Heiana TheUniversityofAuckland CAirey Margaux TheUniversityofAuckland CArul Rakesh TheUniversityofAuckland CArul Rakesh TheUniversityofAucklandBarber Liam TheUniversityofAuckland CBarnett Peter AucklandUniversityofTechnologyBi Toby TheUniversityofAuckland CCawte Michael UniversityofOtago C,SChan Rebecca TheUniversityofAuckland CChilcott Matthew UniversityofOtago CChisholm Craig UniversityofOtago CChung Stephen TheUniversityofAucklandChung YeonWook(John) UniversityofOtagoCowdell Carolyn UniversityofOtago CCullen Sarah TheUniversityofAuckland CDenys Matthew UniversityofOtagoDevane Patrick UniversityofOtagoDjorovic Aleksa VictoriaUni.ofWellington CElliott Alex TheUniversityofAuckland SEverts Jonathan UniversityofOtago C

PhD Students continued

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Last Name First Name Institution Completed (C) DWC Scholarship (S)

Fernandes Kevin TheUniversityofAuckland C,SGendler Naomi TheUniversityofAuckland CGray Thomas UniversityofOtago CHari Neelam TheUniversityofAuckland CHendry Ian TheUniversityofAuckland CHendry Ian TheUniversityofAucklandHobbs Rhys UniversityofOtago SJain Chetna TheUniversityofAuckland CJiang Hui TheUniversityofAuckland CKirk Ryan UniversityofCanterbury CLee Au-Chen UniversityofOtagoLee-Hand Jeremy UniversityofOtagoLi Zongda TheUniversityofAucklandMansuri Nema TheUniversityofAucklandMcLeod Tarentaise UniversityofOtago CMitchell Nikolas UniversityofOtago CMitchell Nikolas UniversityofOtago SNesbitt Sam UniversityofCanterbury CNgaha Jacob TheUniversityofAuckland SNorman Daniel UniversityofOtagoPamplin Adam UniversityofCanterbury CPham Hoan TheUniversityofAuckland CPrime Helen UniversityofOtago CRakonjac Jelena UniversityofOtago CShi Scarlett TheUniversityofAuckland CSimpson Jonathan TheUniversityofAuckland SSoule Juliette TheUniversityofAucklandSteele Rock TheUniversityofAuckland CStitely Kevin TheUniversityofAuckland CSu Andrew TheUniversityofAuckland CTang Stanley TheUniversityofAucklandTay Elliot UniversityofOtagoUnderwood Andrew UniversityofOtagoWhite Joni TheUniversityofAuckland CWiseman Henry TheUniversityofAucklandWolfgramm-RussellVincent TheUniversityofAuckland

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ORGANISATIONAL AND COMMITTEE STRUCTURE OF THE DODD-WALLS CENTRE

TheDWCisorganisedintofourresearchthemes,twoengagementteams(EducationalandIndustry)andaCentremanagementteam.Threeboards(governance,scienceadvisoryandindustryadvisory)supporttheDWCinachievingitsstrategicgoals.

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GOVERNANCEBOARD

Theme 1a

Theme 1b

Theme 2a

Theme 2b

INDUSTRYADVISORY

BOARD

industryteam

educationaloutreach

team

INTERNATIONALSCIENCE

ADVISORYBOARD

scienceteam

EXECUTIVECOMMITTEE

CENTREMANAGEMENT

TEAM

Committee and Theme Membership

Governance BoardIndependentChair GarthCarnaby G.A.CarnabyAssociatesLtdDVCResearchHostInstitution RichardBlaikie UniversityofOtagoDVCResearchPartnerInstitution JimMetson TheUniversityofAucklandPVCSciences(Director’slinemanager) RichardBarker UniversityofOtagoIndependentDirector DiMcCarthy DCMSolutionsLtdIndependentDirector CharlotteWalshe JadeSoftwareLtdIndependentDirector IanTaylor AnimationResearchLtdDirector(exofficio) DavidHutchinson UniversityofOtagoDeputyDirector(exofficio) NeilBroderick TheUniversityofAucklandProgrammeManager(exofficio) PaulHoskin UniversityofOtagoSecretary DianaEvans UniversityofOtago

Executive CommitteeDirector DavidHutchinson(Chair) OtagoDeputy-Director NeilBroderick AucklandPrincipalInvestigator MichaelAlbert OtagoPrincipalInvestigator BlairBlakie OtagoPrincipalInvestigator MaartenHoogerland AucklandPrincipalInvestigator HaraldSchwefel OtagoPrincipalInvestigator FrédériqueVanholsbeeck AucklandPrincipalInvestigator CatherSimpson AucklandPrincipalInvestigator StéphaneCoen AucklandPrincipalInvestigator Jon-PaulWells CanterburyIndustryTeamLeader(exofficio) JohnHarvey AucklandProgrammeManager(exofficio) PaulHoskin OtagoSecretary DianaEvans Otago

Industry Advisory BoardDrSimonPoole FinisarAustraliaPtyLtd Chair

Education Outreach TeamPrincipalInvestigator BerndKrauskopf AucklandPrincipalInvestigator KaspervanWijk AucklandDirector DavidHutchinson OtagoEducationManager CraigGrant(Chair) OtagoMuseumDirectorofOtagoMuseum IanGriffin OtagoMuseumOutreachCo-ordinator AndyWang AucklandSecretary AnitaFoster/SusanBaikie Otago

Dodd-Walls Centre Management TeamProgrammeManager PaulHoskin OtagoDirector DavidHutchinson OtagoDeputyDirector NeilBroderick AucklandAdministratorandPAtoDirector DianaEvans OtagoAdministrator DeeMiles AucklandAdministrator PremikaSirisena AucklandAdministrator AnitaFoster/SusanBaikie Otago

71

International Science Advisory BoardProfessorAllisterFerguson UniversityofStrathclyde,ScotlandProfessorBillPhillips JointQuantumInstitute,U.S.A.ProfessorArturEkert CentreforQuantumTechnologies,SingaporeProfessorIanWalmsley UniversityofOxford,EnglandProfessorUrsulaKeller InstituteofQuantumElectronics,Switzerland

Industry TeamIndustryTeamLeader JohnHarvey AucklandDirector DavidHutchinson OtagoDeputyDirector NeilBroderick AucklandPrincipalInvestigator KeithGordon OtagoPrincipalInvestigator FrédériqueVanholsbeeck AucklandIndustryManager LukeTaylor OtagoBusinessDevelopmentManager ShannonScown AucklandProgrammeManager PaulHoskin OtagoSecretary DeeMiles Auckland

Science TeamDeputyDirector NeilBroderick AucklandDirector Nominee:BlairBlakie OtagoThemeLeader(1a) Jon-PaulWells CanterburyThemeLeader(1b) StéphaneCoen AucklandThemeLeader(2a) DrMaartenHoogerland AucklandThemeLeader(2b) JevonLongdell OtagoIndustryTeamLeader(ex-officio) JohnHarvey AucklandProgrammeManager PaulHoskin OtagoSecretary DianaEvans Otago

Theme 1a – Photonic Sensors and Imaging (PSI)ProfessorJon-PaulWells THEMELEADER,Canterbury,PhysicsandAstronomyDrBaptisteAuguié Victoria,PhysicsProfessorRichardBlaikie Otago,PhysicsDrCameronCraigie AgResearchLtdDrMarlondosReis AgResearchLtdDrVladimirGolovko Canterbury,ChemistryProfessorKeithGordon Otago,ChemistryDrCushlaMcGoverin Auckland,PhysicsProfessorJohnHarvey Auckland,PhysicsAssociateProfessorJustinHodgkiss Victoria,ChemicalandPhysicalSciencesProfessorJariKaipio Auckland,MathsAssociateProfessorRainerLeonhardt Auckland,PhysicsProfessorEricLeRu Victoria,PhysicsAssociateProfessorJevonLongdell Otago,PhysicsAssociateProfessorRainerKünnemeyer Waikato,EngineeringAssociateProfessorBrendanMcCane Otago,ComputerScienceProfessorRogerReeves Canterbury,Physics&AstronomyProfessorMikeReid Canterbury,Physics&AstronomyDrHaraldSchwefel Otago,PhysicsAssociateProfessorKasperVanWijk Auckland,PhysicsDrFrédériqueVanholsbeeck Auckland,PhysicsProfessorPeterXu Auckland,MechanicalEngineering

72

DrClaudeAguergaray Auckland,PhysicsDrJulietteCheyne Auckland,PhysiologyDrNathanielDavis Victoria,ChemicalandPhysicalSciencesDrMichelNieuwoudt Auckland,PhysicsProfessorCatherSimpson Auckland,PhysicsDrCatherineSmith Otago,Dodd-WallsCentreDrMarcusJones AUT,ChemistryProfessorNicolaBrasch AUT,Chemistry

Theme 1b – Photonic Sources and Components (PSC)AssociateProfessorStéphaneCoen THEMELEADER,Auckland,PhysicsProfessorNeilBroderick Auckland,PhysicsDrMiroErkintalo Auckland,PhysicsDrJianyongJin Auckland,ChemistryProfessorBerndKrauskopf Auckland,MathematicsAssociateProfessorRainerLeonhardt Auckland,PhysicsAssociateProfessorStuartMurdoch Auckland,PhysicsDrHaraldSchwefel Otago,PhysicsAssociateProfessorGeoffWaterhouse Auckland,ChemistryDrClaudeAguergaray Auckland,PhysicsProfessorCatherSimpson Auckland,PhysicsDrDominikVogt Auckland,Physics

Theme 2a – Quantum Fluids and Gases (QFG)DrMaartenHoogerland THEMELEADER,Auckland,PhysicsAssociateProfessorNielsKjærgaard Otago,PhysicsDrDannyBaillie Otago,PhysicsEmeritusProfessorRobBallagh Otago,PhysicsProfessorBlairBlakie Otago,PhysicsDrAshtonBradley Otago,PhysicsProfessorJoachimBrand Massey,NZInstituteforAdvancedStudyProfessorHowardCarmichael Auckland,PhysicsDrAmitaDeb Otago,PhysicsProfessorDavidHutchinson Otago,PhysicsAssociateProfessorScottParkins Auckland,PhysicsProfessorUlrichZūlicke Victoria,ChemicalandPhysicalSciencesDrJamesCroft Otago,Physics

Theme 2b – Quantum Manipulation and Information (QMI)DrHaraldSchwefel THEMELEADER,Otago,PhysicsProfessorMichaelAlbert Otago,ComputerScienceDrMikkelAndersen Otago,PhysicsProfessorJoachimBrand Massey,NZInstituteforAdvancedStudyDrVladimirBubanja CallaghanInnovationProfessorHowardCarmichael Auckland,PhysicsDrMaartenHoogerland Auckland,PhysicsProfessorDavidHutchinson Otago,PhysicsAssociateProfessorJevonLongdell Otago,PhysicsAssociateProfessorScottParkins Auckland,PhysicsProfessorMikeReid Canterbury,PhysicsandAstronomyProfessorJon-PaulWells Canterbury,PhysicsandAstronomyDrJosephBorbely CallaghanInnovation,MSL

73

2018 PEER-REVIEWED JOURNAL PUBLICATIONSAUTHORS* TITLE JOURNAL

Adas,SonyaK.;Bharadwaj, Vinay; SynthesisandHNODonatingPropertiesofthePiloty's Chemistry–AEuropean Zhou, Yang;Zhang,Jiuhong;Seed, AcidAnalogueTrifluoromethanesulphonylhydroxamic Journal24,7330-7334AlexanderJ.;Brasch, Nicola E.; Acid:EvidenceforQuantitativeReleaseofHNOat (2018)Sampson,Paul NeutralpHConditions

Baals,C.;Ott,H.;Brand, J.; Nonlinearstandingwavesinanarrayofcoherently PhysicalReviewA98,MuñozMateo,A. coupledBose-Einsteincondensates 63603(2018)

Baillie,D.;Blakie, P. B. DropletCrystalGroundStatesofaDipolarBoseGas PhysicalReviewLetters 121,195301(2018)

Barnsley,JonathanE.;Tay,ElliotJ.; Frequencydispersionrevealschromophorediversity RoyalSocietyOpenScienceGordon, Keith C.;Thomas,DanielB. andcolour-tuningmechanisminparrotfeathers 5,172010(2018)

Botello,G.S.;Sedlmeir,F.;Rueda,A.; Sensitivitylimitsofmillimeter-wavephotonic Optica5,1210-1219(2018)Abdalmalak,K.A.;Brown,E.R.; radiometersbasedonefficientelectro-opticLeuchs,G.;Preu,S.;Segovia-Vargas, upconvertersD.;Strekalov,D.V.;Muñoz,L.E.G.;Schewefel, H.G.L.

Bowen,Patrick;Erkintalo, Miro; Largenet-normaldispersionEr-dopedfibrelaser OpticsCommunications Broderick, Neil G. R. mode-lockedwithanonlinearamplifyingloopmirror 410,447-451(2018)

Brand, Joachim; Toikka, Lauri; Accurateprojectivetwo-banddescriptionof SciPostPhysics5,16(2018) Zuelicke, Ulrich topologicalsuperfluidityinspin-orbit-coupled Fermigases

Brown,D.J.;McPhail, A. V. H.; Thermalization,condensategrowth,anddefect PhysicalReviewA98,White,D.H.;Baillie, D.;Ruddell, formationinanout-of-equilibriumBosegas 13606(2018)S.K.;Hoogerland, M. D.

Bubanja, Vladimir Effectofquantumfluctuationsonthecritical PhysicalReviewB97, supercurrentthroughamesoscopicnormal-metal 224516(2018) island

Cao,Y.;Guo,J.;Shi,R.; Evolutionofthiolate-stabilizedAgnanoclustersfrom NatureCommunicationsWaterhouse, G. I. N.; Ag-thiolateclusterintermediates 9(1),2379(2018)Pan,J.;Zhenxia,D.;Qiaofeng,Y.;Wu,L.-Z.;Tung,C.-H.;Xie,J.;Zhang,T.

Chai, Shijie;Fekete,Julia; Survivalresonancesinanatom-opticssystemdriven PhysicalReviewA97,33616McDowall,Peter;Coop,Simon; bytemporallyandspatiallyperiodicdissipation (2018)Lindballe,Thue;Andersen, Mikkel F.

Chakraborti,Tapabrata; LOOPDescriptor:LocalOptimalOrientedPattern IEEESignalProcessingMcCane, Brendan;Mills,Steven; Letters 25,635-639(2018)Pal,Umapada

Chen,G.;Gao,R.;Zhao,Y.;Li,Z.; Alumina-SupportedCoFeAlloyCatalystsDerivedfrom PhysicalReviewE30(3),Waterhouse, G. I. N Layered-Double-Hydroxide 1221597

Chen,Hao;Li,Xin; Broderick, Neil; Identificationandcharacterizationofbladdercancerby JournalofBiophotonics 11,Liu,Yuewen;Zhou,Yajun; low-resolutionfiber-opticRamanspectroscopy e201800016(2018)Han,Jianda;Xu,Weiliang

Chen,Hao;Xu,Weiliang; AnadaptivedenoisingmethodforRamanspectroscopy JournalofRamanBroderick, Neil;Han,Jianda basedonliftingwavelettransform Spectroscopy49,1097- 4555(2018)

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AUTHORS* TITLE JOURNAL

Chen,W.-T.;Chan, A.; PerformancecomparisonofNi/TiO2andAu/TiO2 JournalofCatalysis367,Sun-Waterhouse,D.;Idriss,H.; photocatalystsforH2productionindifferent 27-42(2018)Waterhouse, G.I.N. alcohol-watermixtures

Chen,W.-T.;Dosado,A.G.; Highlyreactiveanatasenanorodphotocatalysts AppliedCatalysisA:Chan, A.;Sun-Waterhouse,D.; synthesizedbycalcinationofhydrogentitanate General565,98-118(2018) Waterhouse, G.I.N. nanotubes:Effectofcalcinationconditionson photocatalyticperformanceforaqueousdye degradationandH2productioninalcohol-water mixtures

Chen,Wei; Garbin, Bruno; Nielsen, ExperimentalobservationsofbreathingKerrtemporal OpticsLetters43, Alexander U.; Coen, Stéphane; cavitysolitonsatlargedetunings 3674-3677(2018) Murdoch, Stuart G.; Erkintalo, Miro

Chen,Yu-Hui;Fernandez-Gonzalvo, Hyperfineinteractionsof${\mathrm{Er}}^{3+}$ionsin PhysicalReviewB97,Xavier;Horvath, Sebastian P.; ${\mathrm{Y}}_{2}{\mathrm{SiO}}_{5}$:Electron 24419(2018)Rakonjac,JelenaV.;Longdell, Jevon J. paramagneticresonanceinatunablemicrowavecavity

Cherny,AlexanderYu;Caux, Landauinstabilityandmobilityedgesoftheinteracting JournalofPhysicsB:Jean-Sébastien;Brand, Joachim one-dimensionalBosegasinweakrandompotentials Atomic,Molecularand OpticalPhysics 51,15301(2018)

Chisholm,C.S.;Thomas, R.; Athree-dimensionalsteerableopticaltweezersystem ReviewofScientific Deb, A. B.; Kjærgaard, N. forultracoldatoms Instruments 89,103105 (2018)

Cole,DanielC.;Stone,JordanR.; Kerr-microresonatorsolitonsfromachirpedbackground Optica5,1304-1310(2018) Erkintalo, Miro;Yang,KiYoul;Yi,Xu;Vahala,KerryJ.;Papp,ScottB.

Colenso,H.R.;Rafealov,E.Z.; Comparisonofseedlayersforsmooth,lowlosssilver ThinSolidFilms656,68-74Maddah,M.;Plank,N.O.V.;Chen, filmsusedinultraviolet-visibleplasmonicimaging (2018)W.-T.;Waterhouse, G. I. N.;Hao,J.; devicesGouws,G.J.;Moore,C.P.

Cosme, Jayson G. Hierarchicalrelaxationdynamicsinatiltedtwo-band PhysicalReviewA97,43610 Bose-Hubbardmodel (2018)

Dai,X.;Han,Z.;Waterhouse, G.I.N.; Orderedgraphiticcarbonnitridetubularbundleswith AppliedCatalysisA:Fan,H.;Ai,S. effieicentectron-holeseparationandenhanced General 566,200-206 photocatalyticperformanceforhydrogengeneration (2018)

Deb, A. B.; Kjærgaard, N. Radio-over-fiberusinganopticalantennabasedon AppliedPhysicsLetters Rydbergstatesofatoms 112,211106(2018)

Deshmukh,K.D.;Matsidik,R.; TuningtheMolecularWeightoftheElectronAccepting AdvancedFunctionalPrasad,S.K.K.;Connal,L.A.; PolymerinAll-PolymerSolarCells:Impacton Materials28,1707185Liu,A.C.Y.;Gann,E.;Thomsen,L.; MorphologyandChargeGeneration (2018)Hodgkiss, J. M.;Sommer,M.;McNeill,C.R.

Deshmukh,K.D.;Matsidik,R.; ImpactofAcceptorFluorinationonthePerformanceof ACSAppliedMaterialsandPrasad,S.K.K.;Somer,M.; All-PolymerSolarCells Interfaces 10,955-969Hodgkiss, J (2018)

Devane, P.A.; Kumari, M.; Trainor, FrequencyShiftingWhisperingGalleryModeswith OSAPublishing-Frontiers L.S; Schwefel, H. G. L. PlanarDielectricSubstrates inOptics/LaserScience Paper JW3A.31 (2018

Dingwall,R.J.;Edmonds,M.J.; Non-integrabledynamicsofmatter-wavesolitonsina NewJournalofPhysics20,Helm, J. L.;Malomed,B.A.; density-dependentgaugetheory 043004(2018)Öhberg,P.

Dolcemascolo,A.;Garbin, B.; Resonatorneuronandtriggeringmultipulseexcitability PhysicalReviewE 98,62211Peyce,B.;Veltz,R.;Barland,S. inlaserwithinjectedsignal (2018)

Durán,EvertL.;van Wijk, Kasper; Separatingintrinsicandscatteringattenuationinfull GeophysicalJournalAdam,Ludmila;Wallis,IreneC. waveformsonicloggingwithradiativetransfertheory International213,757-769 (2018)

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76

AUTHORS* TITLE JOURNAL

Geiregat,P.;Maes,J.;Chen,K.; UsingBulk-likeNanocrystalstoProbeIntrinsicOptical ACSNano12,10178-10188Hodgkiss, J.M.;Hens,Z. GainCharacteristicsofInorganicLeadHalidePerovskites (2018)

Giraldo,A.;Krauskopf, B.;Osinga,H. CascadesofGlobalBifurcationsandChaosneara SIAMJournalonApplied HomoclinicFlipBifurcation:ACaseStudy DynamicalSystems17, 2784-2829(2018)

Goodwin, Matthew;Bräuer, Quantifyingbirefringenceinthebovinemodelofearly ScientificReports 8,8568Bastian;Lewis,Stephen; osteoarthritisusingpolarisation-sensitiveoptical (2018)Thambyah,Ashvin; coherencetomographyandmechanicalindentationVanholsbeeck, Frédérique

Gutiérrez-Jáuregui,R.; Dissipativequantumphasetransitionsoflightina PhysicalReviewA 98,Carmichael, H. J. generalizedJaynes-Cummings-Rabimodel 23804(2018)

Gutiérrez-Jáuregui,R.; QuasienergycollapseinthedrivenJaynes–Cummings PhysicaScripta93,104001Carmichael, H. J. –Rabimodel:correspondencewithachargedDirac (2018) particleinanelectromagneticfield

Halbauer,T.;Shafiee,G.;Schunk,G.; Towardsawhisperinggallerymoderesonatorbased DPGQ51,(2018)Otterpohl,A.;Sedlmeir,F.;Strekalov, wavemeterD.V.;Schwefel, H. G. L.;Leuchs,G.;Marquardt,C.

Han,C.;Li,J.;Ma,Z.;Ye,L.; Blackphosphorusquantumdot/g-C3N4compositesfor ScienceChinaMaterialsZhang,T.Waterhouse, Geoffrey I. N enhancedCO2photoreductiontoCO|[黑磷量子点/ 61(9),1159-1166(2018) g-C3N4复合光催化剂的制备及其增强的光催化还原 CO2 到CO性能]

Helm, J. L.;Billam,T.P.;Rakonjac,A.; Spin-Orbit-CoupledInterferometrywithRing-Trapped PhysicalReviewLettersCornish,S.L.;Gardiner,S.A. Bose-EinsteinCondensates 120,063201(2018)

Hendry, Ian;Chen,Wei;Wang, Spontaneoussymmetrybreakingandtrappingof PhysicalReviewA97,53834Yadong;Garbin, Bruno;Javaloyes, temporalKerrcavitysolitonsbypulsedoramplitude (2018)Julien;Oppo,Gian-Luca;Coen, -modulateddrivingfields Stéphane; Murdoch, Stuart G.; Erkintalo, Miro

Hitchman, Sam; van Wijk, Kasper; EstimatingtheGreen'sfunctionusingasinglechannel TheJournalofthe Snieder,Roel dual-beaminterferometer AcousticalSocietyof America 144,124-130 (2018)

Hope, J. Vanholsbeeck, F.; Amodelofelectricalimpedancetomography PhysiologicalMeasurementMcDaid,A. implementedinnerve-cuffforneural-prostheticscontrol 39,44002(2018)

Hope, J.; Vanholsbeeck, F.; Driveandmeasurementelectrodepatternsfor BiomedicalPhysics& McDaid,A. electrodeimpedancetomography(EIT)imagingof EngineeringExpress4, neuralactivityinperipheralnerve 44002(2018)

Hope, James;Braeuer,Bastian; Extractingmorphometricinformationfromratsciatic JournalofBiomedicalAmirapu,Satya;McDaid,Andrew; nerveusingopticalcoherencetomography Optics23,116001(2018)Vanholsbeeck, Frédérique

Horvath,S.P.;Wells, J.-P. R.; Electronparamagneticresonanceenhancedcrystal JournalofPhysics: Reid, M. F.;Yamaga,M.;Honda,M. fieldanalysisforlowpoint-groupsymmetrysystems: CondensedMatter31, C-2(v)sitesinSm3+:CaF2/SrF2 116001(2018)

Jeszenszki, Péter;Alavi,Ali; Aresmoothpseudopotentialsagoodchoicefor JournalofPhysics: Brand, Joachim representingshort-rangeinteractions? CondensedMatter 99, 1812.06521(2018)

Jeszenszki, Peter;Cherny, $s$-wavescatteringlengthofaGaussianpotential PhysicalReviewA97,42708AlexanderYu.;Brand, Joachim (2018)

Jeszenszki, Péter;Luo,Hongjun; Acceleratingtheconvergenceofexactdiagonalization PhysicalReviewA 98,Alavi,Ali;Brand, Joachim withthetranscorrelatedmethod:Quantumgasinone 53627(2018) dimensionwithcontactinteractions

AUTHORS* TITLE JOURNAL

Jiang,W.;Yin,H.;Zhou,Y.; Anovelelectrochemiluminescencebiosensorforthe SensorsandActuators,B:Waterhouse, G.I.N.;Ai,S. detectionof5-methylcytosine,TET1proteinand Chemical274,144-151 Β-glucosyltransferaseactivitiesbasedongold (2018) nanoclusters-H2O2system

Johnson, Jami L.;Merrilees, All-opticalextravascularlaser-ultrasoundand Photoacoustics 9,62-72Mervyn;Shragge,Jeffrey; photoacousticimagingofcalcifiedatherosclerotic (2018)van Wijk, Kasper plaqueinexcisedcarotidartery

Jull,H.;Künnemeyer, R.; Nutrientquantificationinfreshanddriedmixturesof PrecisionAgriculture 19,Schaare,P. ryegrassandcloverleavesusinglaser-induced 823-839(2018) breakdownspectroscopy

Jull,H.;Bier,J.;Kunnemeyer, R.; Classificationofrecyclablesusinglaser-induced JournalSpectroscopySchaare,P. breakdownspectroscopyforwastemanagement Letters51,257-265(2018)

Keane,A.;Krauskopf, B. Chencinerbubblesandtorusbreak-upinaperiodically Nonlinearity31,R165 forceddelaydifferentialequation (2018)

Kirilova,Martina;Toy,Virginia; Structuraldisorderofgraphiteandimplicationsfor SolidEarth9,223-231Rooney,JeremyS.;Giorgetti, graphitethermometry (2018)Carolina;Gordon, Keith C.;Collettini,Cristiano;Takeshita,Toru

Kolenderska, Sylwia M.;Bräuer, Dispersionmappingasasimplepostprocessingstepfor ScientificReports8,9244Bastian;Vanholsbeeck, Frédérique FourierdomainOpticalCoherenceTomographydata (2018)

Kornienko, Vladimir V.;Kitaeva, Towardsterahertzdetectionandcalibrationthrough APLPhotonics3,51704GaliyaKh.;Sedlmeir,Florian;Leuchs, spontaneousparametricdown-conversioninthe (2018)Gerd;Schwefel,Harald G. L. terahertzidler-frequencyrangegeneratedbya795nm diodelasersystem

Kruglov,V.I.;Harvey, J. D. Solitarywavesinopticalfibersgovernedbyhigher-order PhysicalReviewA98, dispersion 63811(2018)

Lee, Au-Chen; Baillie, D.; Excitationsofavortexlineinanelongateddipolar PhysicalReviewA 98,Bisset,R.N.;Blakie, P. B. condensate 63620(2018)

Li,C.;Ge,Y.;Jiang,X.;Zhang,Z.; PorousFe3O4/Cmicrospheresforefficientbroadband CeramicsInternationalYu,L.Waterhouse, Geoffrey I. N electromagneticwaveabsorption 44(16),19171-19183 (2018)

Li,Cuiping;Ji,Shengning;Jiang, Microwaveabsorptionbywatermelon-likemicrospheres JournalofMaterialsXiaohui;Waterhouse, Geoffrey I. N.; composedofγ-Fe2O3,microporoussilicaand Science53,9635-9649Zhang,Zhiming;Yu,Liangmin polypyrrole (2018)

Li,Z.;Liu,J.;Zhao,Y.;Tung,C.-H.; Co-BasedCatalystsDerivedfromLayered-Double- AdvancedMaterials30(31),Zhang,T.Waterhouse, Geoffrey I. N HydroxideNanosheetsforthePhotothermalProduction 1800527(2018) ofLightOlefins

Lin,Yuze;Zhao,Fuwen;Prasad, BalancedPartnershipbetweenDonorandAcceptor AdvancedMaterials 30,ShyamalK.K.;Chen,Jing-De; ComponentsinNonfullereneOrganicSolarCellswith 1706363(2018)Cai,Wanzhu;Zhang,Qianqian; >12%EfficiencyChen, Kai;Wu,Yang;Ma,Wei;Gao,Feng;Tang,Jian-Xin;Wang,Chunru;You,Wei;Hodgkiss, Justin M.;Zhan,Xiaowei

Lipiäinen,Tiina;Fraser-Miller, Directcomparisonoflow-andmid-frequencyRaman JournalofPharmaceutical Sara J.; Gordon, Keith C.;Strachan, spectroscopyforquantitativesolid-statepharmaceutical andBiomedicalAnalysisClareJ. analysis 343-350(2018)

Liu,C.;Dong,J.;Waterhouse, G.I.N.; Electrochemicalimmunosensorwithnanocellulose-Au BiosensorsandCheng,Z.;Ai,S. compositeassistedmultiplesignalamplificationfor Bioelectronics110-115 detectionofavianleukosisvirussubgroupJ (2018)

Liu,C.;Hou,J;Waterhouse, G.I.N.; AnovelpH-responsiveelectrochemiluminescence JournalofPharmaceuticalDong,J.;Ai,S. immunosensorforALV-Jdetectionbasedonhollow andBiomedical149,343- MnO2encapsulatingRu(bpy)3Cl2 350(2018)

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AUTHORS* TITLE JOURNAL

Liu,T.;Huo,L.;Chandrabose,S.; OptimizedFibrilNetworkMorphologybyPrecise AdvancedMaterials 30,Chen,S.;Guangchao,H.;Feng,Q.; Side-ChainEngineeringtoAchieveHigh-Performance 1707353(2018)Xiangyi,M.;Dongjun,X.;Ma,W.; Bulk-HeterojunctionOrganicSolarCellsYi,Y.;Hodgkiss, J. M.;Liu,F.

Lu,J.;Sun,Y.;Waterhouse, G.I.N.; Avoltammetricsensorbasedontheuseofreduced AdvancesinPolymerXu,Z. grapheneoxideandhollowgoldnanoparticlesfor Technology37,3629-3638 thequantificationofmethylparathionandparathion (2018) inagriculturalproducts

Mazzio,K.A.;Prasad,S.K.K.; End-FunctionalizedSemiconductingPolymersas Langmuir34,9692-9700Okamoto,K.;Hodgkiss, J.M.; ReagentsintheSynthesisofHybridII-VINanoparticles (2018)Luscombe,C.K.

McCane, Brendan; Efficiencyofdeepnetworksforradiallysymmetric Neurocomputing313,119-Szymanski,Lech functions 124(2018)

Mo,Z;Xu,W.;Broderick, N. Capabilitycharacterizationviaex-vivoexperimentsof IEEESensorsJournal18, afiberopticaltipforcesensingneedlefortissue 1195-1202(2018) identification

Mo,Zonglai;Mao,Xinjian;Owen In-vivotissueidentificationonmiceusingafiber IEEESensorsJournal 18,Hicks,Kevin;Xu, Weiliang (Peter) opticaltipforcesensingneedle 1-Jan(2018)

Morera,I.;Mateo, A. M.; Dark-dark-solitondynamicsintwodensity-coupled PhysicalReviewA97,Polls,A.;Juliá-Díaz,B. Bose-Einsteincondensates 43621(2018)

Nielsen, Alexander U.; Garbin, Emissionofintenseresonantradiationby APLPhotonics 3,120804 Bruno; Coen, Stéphane; Murdoch, dispersion-managedKerrcavitysolitons (2018) Stuart G.; Erkintalo, Miro

Novakovic,Dunja;Isomäki,Antti; UnderstandingDissolutionandCrystallizationwith MolecularPharmaceuticsPleunis,Bibi;Fraser-Miller, Sara J.; Imaging:ASurfacePointofView 15,5361-5373(2018)Peltonen,Leena;Laaksonen,Timo;Strachan,ClareJ.

Novikova, Nina I.;Lo,AlvieS.V.; DiboronPorphyrins:TheRamanSignatureoftheIn-Plane TheJournalofPhysicalGordon, Keith C.;Brothers, TetragonalElongationoftheMacrocycle ChemistryA 122,5121-PenelopeJ.;Simpson, M. Cather 5131(2018)

O'Duill,S.;Sahni,M.O.;Trebaol,S.; Numericalinvestigationofafeed-forwardlinewidth AppliedOptics57,89-100Landais,P.;Bramerie,L.; reductionschemeusingamode-lockedlasermodel (2018)Murdoch, S. G.;Besnard,P.; ofreducedcomplexityBarry,L.P.

Oldenburg,M.;Turshatov,A.; Enhancingthephotoluminescenceofsurfaceanchored PhysicalChemistryBusko,D.;Jakoby,M.;Haldar,R.; metal–organicframeworks:mixedlinkersandefficient ChemicalPhysics20, Chen, K.;Emandi,G.;Senge,M.O.; acceptors 11564-11576(2018)Wöll,C.;Hodgkiss, J. M.;Richards,B.S.;Howard,I.A.

Oldenburg,M.;Turshatov,A.; Enhancingthephotoluminescenceofsurfaceanchored PhysicalReviewE20,Busko,D.;Richards,B.S.;Howard, metal-organicframeworks:Mixedlinkersandefficient 12215(2018)I.A.;J. M. Hodgkiss acceptors

Olsen,M. K.;Neely,T. W.; MesoscopicDynamicalDifferencesfromQuantum PhysicalReviewLettersBradley, A. S. StatePreparationinaBose-HubbardTrimer 120,230406(2018)

Otterpohl,A.;Sedlmeir,F.; Recentprogressingeneratingsqueezedvacuumstates DPGQ51,(2018)Diermeier,T.;Vogl,U.;Schunk,G.; inanonlinearcrystallinewhisperinggallerymodeShafiee,G.;Schwefel, H.G.L.; resonatorGehring,T.;Andersen,U.L.;Leuchs,G.;Marquardt,C.

Otupiri,R.;Garbin,B.;Krauskopf,B.; Experimentalandnumericalcharacterizationofan OpticsLetters43,4945-Broderick, N.G. all-fiberlaserwithasaturableabsorber 4948(2018)

Peña,Adrián;Andersen, Mikkel F. Completepolarizationandphasecontrolwithasingle LaserPhysics28,76201 spatiallightmodulatorforthegenerationofcomplex (2018) lightfields

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Raos,B.J.;Doyle,C.S.; SelectivePEGylationofParylene-C/SiO2Substratesfor ScientificReports8,2754Simpson, M. C.;Graham,E.S.; ImprovedAstrocyteCellPatterning (2018)Unsworth,C.P.

Raos,B.J.;Simpson, M. C.; Patterningoffunctionalhumanastrocytesonto JournalofNeuralDoyle,C.S.;Murray,A.F.;Graham parylene-C/SiO2substratesforthestudyofCa2+, Engineering 15,36015E.S.;Unsworth,C.P. dynamicsinastrocyticnetworks (2018)

Richter,J.M.;Chen, K.;Sadhanala,A.; DirectBandgapBehaviorinRashba-TypeMetalHalide AdvancedMaterials30,Hodgkiss, J.M.;Deschler,F. Perovskites 1803379(2018)

Risos, A. InterdigitatedSensors:TheNextGeneration"Sensing IEEESensorsJournal18, PermittivityandConductivityofOils-Unaffected 3661-3668(2018) byTemperature"

Risos, Alex;Gouws,Gideon In-SituAgingMonitoringofTransformerOilviathe SensorsandActuatorsB: RelativePermittivityandDCConductivityUsingNovel Chemical287,602-610 InterdigitatedDielectrometrySensors(IDS) (2018)

Rooney,JeremyS.;Tarling, SubmicronRamanspectroscopymappingof JournalofRamanMatthewS.;Smith,StevenA.F.; serpentinitefaultrocks Spectroscopy49,279-286Gordon, Keith C. (2018)

RubinJ.E.;Krauskopf B.;OsingaH.M. Naturalextensionoffast-slowdecompositionfor PhysicalChemistry dynamicalsystems ChemicalPhysics97, 11564-1157620

Ruggiero,MichaelT.;Sutton, RevisitingtheThermodynamicStabilityofIndomethacin CrystalGrowth&DesignJoshuaJ.;Fraser-Miller, Sara J.; PolymorphswithLow-FrequencyVibrational 18(11),6513–6520Zaczek,AdamJ.;Korter,TimothyM.; SpectroscopyandQuantumMechanicalSimulations (2018)Gordon, Keith C.;Zeitler,J.Axel

Saarinen,Jukka;Gütter,Friederike; Cell-NanoparticleInteractionsat(Sub)-Nanometer BiotechnologyJournal 14,Lindman,Mervi;Agopov,Mikael; ResolutionAnalyzedbyElectronMicroscopyand 1800413(2018)Fraser-Miller, Sara J.;Scherließ, CorrelativeCoherentAnti-StokesRamanScatteringRegina;Jokitalo,Eija;Santos,HélderA.;Peltonen,Leena;Isomäki,Antti;Strachan,ClareJ.

Sayson, Noel Lito B.;Pham,Hoan; OriginsofclusteredfrequencycombsinKerr OpticsLetters43,4180-Webb,KarenE.;Ng, Vincent; Trainor, microresonators 4183(2018) Luke S.; Schwefel, Harald G. L.; Coen, Stéphane; Erkintalo, Miro; Murdoch, Stuart G.

Scott,T.F.;Schumayer, D. CentraldistractorsinForceConceptInventorydata PhysicalReviewPhysics EducationResearch14, 010106(2018)

Shafiee,G.;Schunk,G.;Sedlmeir,F.; Sagnac-typesetupforthegenerationoftunable DPGQ51,(2018)Otterpohl,A.;Vogl,U.;Strekalov,D.; polarizationentangledphotonpairsSchwefel, H. G. L.;Leuchs,G.;Marquardt,C.

Shahlori,R.;McDougall,D.R.; BiomineralizationofCalciumPhosphateandCalcium Langmuir34(30),8994-Waterhouse, G.I.N.;Nelson, CarbonatewithinIridescentChitosan/Iota-Carrageenan 9003(2018)A.R.J.;McGillivray,D.J. MultilayeredFilms

Shamailov, Sophie; Quasiparticlesofwidelytuneableinertialmass:The SciPostPhysics 4,18(2018) Brand, Joachim dispersionrelationofatomicJosephsonvorticesand relatedsolitarywaves

Shang,L.;Shi,R.;Waterhouse, G.I..N; Nanocrystals@Hollowmesoporoussilicareverese- SmallMethods2,1800105Wu,L.-Z.;Tung,C.-H.;Yin,Y.;Zhang,T. bumpy-ballstructurenanoreacctorsbyaversatile (2018) micro-emulsiontemplateapproach

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Shillito, Georgina E.;Hall,Thomas DramaticAlterationof3ILCTLifetimesUsingAncillary JournaloftheAmericanB.J.;Preston,Dan;Traber,Philipp; Ligandsin[Re(L)(CO)3(phen-TPA)]n+Complexes:An ChemicalSociety140 (13),Wu,Lingjun;Reynolds,Katherine IntegratedSpectroscopicandTheoreticalStudy 4534–4542(2018)E.A.;Horvath,Raphael;Sun,XueZ.;Lucas,NigelT.;Crowley,JamesD.;George,MichaelW.;Kupfer,Stephan;Gordon, Keith C.

Smith, Catherine A.;Paterson, ConsolidationofBlack-dyedMāoriTextileArtefacts: StudiesinConservation63,RachelA.;Lowe,BronwynJ.; EvaluatingtheEfficacyofSodiumAlginate 139-154(2018)Kanawa,RangiTe

Sun,Jason;Künnemeyer, Rainer; Investigationsofopticalgeometryandsample ComputersandElectronicsMcGlone,Andrew;Tomer,Nathan positioninginNIRStransmittancefordetecting inAgriculture155,32-40 vascularbrowninginapples (2018)

Sun,Jason;Künnemeyer, Rainer; Opticalpropertiesofhealthyandrottenonionflesh PostharvestBiologyandMcGlone,Andrew;Tomer,Nathan from700to1000 nm Technology140,1-Oct (2018)

Symes,L.M.;Baillie, D.; Blakie, P. B. Dynamicsofaquenchedspin-1antiferromagnetic PhysicalReviewA 98, condensateinaharmonictrap 63618(2018)

Tarling,MatthewS.;Rooney, DistinguishingtheRamanspectrumofpolygonal JournalofRamanJeremyS.;Viti,Cecilia;Smith, serpentine Spectroscopy49,1978-StevenA.F.;Gordon, Keith C. 1984(2018)

Terrien,S.;Krauskopf, B.; Q-switchedpulsinglaserssubjecttodelayedfeedback: PhysicalReviewA 43, Broderick, N.G.;Jaurigue,L.;Lüdge Amodelcomparison. 43819(2018)

Terrien,Soizic;Krauskopf, Bernd; Pulsetraininteractionandcontrolinamicrocavity OpticsLetters43,3013- Broderick, Neil G. R.;Braive,Rémy; laserwithdelayedopticalfeedback 3016(2018)Beaudoin,Grégoire;Sagnes,Isabelle;Barbay,Sylvain

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Thomas, Ryan; Chilcott, Matthew; Observationofboundstateself-interactionina NatureCommunications9,Tiesinga,Eite; Deb, Amita B.; nano-eVatomcollider 4895(2018) Kjærgaard, Niels

Thorn,K.E.;Monahan,N.R.; Efficientandtunablespectralcompressionusing OpticsExpress26,28140-Prasad,S.K.K.; Chen, K.; frequency-domainnonlinearoptics 28149(2018) Hodgkiss, J.M.

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Tomer,Nathan;McGlone,Andrew; Validatedmulti-wavelengthsimulationsoflight ComputersandElectronicsKünnemeyer, Rainer transportinhealthyonion inAgriculture146,22-30 (2018)

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Vashishtha,P.;Metin,D.Z.; Shape-,Size-,andComposition-ControlledThallium ChemistryofMaterials30,Cryer,M.E.;Gaston, N.; LeadHalidePerovskiteNanowiresandNanocrystals 2973-2982(2018)Halpert,J.E. withTunableBandGaps

Vogt, Dominik Walter;Jones, Thermaltuningofsiliconterahertzwhispering-gallery AppliedPhysicsLettersAngusHarvey;Leonhardt, Rainer moderesonators 113,11101(2018)

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Wang,Haiyan;Yin,Huanshun; Dual-signalamplifiedphotoelectrochemicalbiosensor BiosensorsandHuang,Hua;Li,Kelin;Zhou,Yunlei; fordetectionofN6-methyladenosinebasedonBiVO4 Bioelectronics 108,89-96Waterhouse, Geoffrey I. N.; -110-TiO2heterojunction,Ag+-mediatedcytosinepairs (2018)Lin,Hai;Ai,Shiyun

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Wang,Yadong;Garbin, Bruno; Leo, AddressingtemporalKerrcavitysolitonswithasingle OpticsLetters43,3192- François; Coen, Stéphane; Erkintalo, pulseofintensitymodulation 3195(2018) Miro; Murdoch, Stuart G.

Wang,Yi;Huang,Zhiyi;McCane, EmotioNet:A3-DConvolutionalNeuralNetworkfor 2018InternationalJoint Brendan;Neo,PhoebeS.-H. EEG-basedEmotionRecognition ConferenceonNeural Networks(IJCNN) 181659132161-4407(2018

Waterhouse, G.I.N.;Chen,W.-T.; AchievingColorandFunctionwithStructure:Optical ACSOmega3(8),9658-Chan, A.;Sun-Waterhouse,D. andCatalyticSupportPropertiesofZrO2InverseOpal 9674(2018) ThinFilms

Xie,Huizhi;Dong,Jing;Duan,Junling;VisualandratiometricfluorescencedetectionofHg2+ SensorsandActuatorsB:Waterhouse, Geoffrey I. N.;Hou, basedonadual-emissioncarbondots-goldnanoclusters Chemical259,1082-1089Juying;Ai,Shiyun nanohybrid (2018)

Xie,Jiazhuo;Wang,Haijun;Wang, InnovativeLinearLowDensityPolyethylene ScientificReports8,52Zhou;Zhao,Qinghua;Yang, NanocompositeFilmsReinforcedwithOrganophilic (2018)Yuechao;Waterhouse, Geoffrey I. N.;LayeredDoubleHydroxides:Fabrication,MorphologyHao,Lei;Xiao,Zihao;Xu,Jing andEnhancedMultifunctionalProperties

Yasin,M.Naveed;Brooke,RobertK.; 3-DimensionallyorderedmacroporousPEDOTion- ElectrochimicaActa269,Rudd,Sam;Chan, Andrew;Chen, exchangeresinspreparedbyvaporphasepolymerization 560-570(2018)Wan-Ting;Waterhouse, Geoffrey fortriggereddrugdelivery:FabricationandI. N.;Evans,Drew;Rupenthal,IlvaD.; characterizationSvirskis,Darren

Zhang,M.;Dai,S.;Chandrabose,S.; High-PerformanceFusedRingElectronAcceptor- JournaloftheAmericanChen, K.;Liu,K.;Minchao,Q.;Xinhui, PerovskiteHybrid ChemicalSociety 140,L.;Hodgkiss, J. M.;Zhou,H.;Zhan,X. 14938-14944(2018)

Zhang,Xin;Zhao,Yufei;Jia,Xiaodan; Silica-ProtectedUltrathinNi3FeNNanocatalystforthe AdvancedEnergyMaterialsZhao,Yunxuan;Shang,Lu;Wang, EfficientHydrolyticDehydrogenationofNH3BH3 8,1702780(2018)Qing;Waterhouse, Geoffrey I. N.;Wu,Li-Zhu;Tung,Chen-Ho;Zhang,Tierui

Zhang,Zhiqiang;Lee,ChernHui; Dicke-modelsimulationviacavity-assistedRaman PhysicalReviewA97,Kumar,Ravi;Arnold,K.J.;Masson, transitions 43858(2018)StuartJ.;Grimsmo,A.L.;Parkins, A. S.;Barrett,M.D.

Zhao,Y.;Li,Z.;Li,M.;Liu,J.;Liu,X.; ReductiveTransformationofLayered-Double-Hydroxide AdvancedMaterials30,Waterhouse, G. I. N.;Wang,Y.; NanosheetstoFe-BasedHeterostructuresforEfficient 1803127(2018)Zhao,J.;Gao,W.;Zhang,Z.;Long,R.; Visible-LightPhotocatalyticHydrogenationofCOZhang,Q.;Gu,L.;Liu,X.;Wen,X.;Ma,D.;Wu,L.-Z.;Tung,C.-H.;Zhang,T.

Zhao,Yufei;Zhang,Xin;Jia,Xiaodan; Sub-3nmUltrafineMonolayerLayeredDoubleHydroxide AdvancedMaterials8,Waterhouse, Geoffrey I. N.;Shi, NanosheetsforElectrochemicalWaterOxidation 1803127(2018)Run;Zhang,Xuerui;Zhan,Fei;Tao,Ye;Wu,Li-Zhu;Tung,Chen-Ho;O'Hare,Dermot;Zhang,Tierui

Zhou, Yang; Cink, Ruth B.; DevelopmentofPhotoactivatableNitroxyl(HNO)Donors EuropeanJournalofFejedelem,ZacharyA.;Simpson, Incorporatingthe(3-Hydroxy-2-naphthalenyl)methyl OrganicChemistry2018, M. Cather;Seed,AlexanderJ.; Phototrigger 1745-1755(2018)Sampson,Paul;Brasch, Nicola E.

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DODD-WALLS CENTREFOR PHOTONIC AND QUANTUM TECHNOLOGIES

2018 ANNUAL REPORT

Colloidalquantumdotsarerevolutionisingthematerialindustrythroughtheirtuneablebightemissions.

Theimageshowscaesiumleadhalidenanocrystals,CsPbX3(whereX=Cl,Br,I).TheimagewasmadebymixingdifferentratiosofCsPbCl3,CsPbBr3,CsPbI3,togethertoachievethedesiredemissioncolourunderUVexcitation(365nm).Thesenanocrystalsexhibitphotoluminescencequantumefficienciesapproaching100%withoutthecore-shellstructuresusuallyusedinconventionalsemiconductornanocrystals.Thesehighphotoluminescenceefficienciesmakethesecrystalsidealcandidatesforlight-emittingdiodes.

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