GEOGRAPHYWritten examination

Friday 15 November 2019 Reading time: 11.45 am to 12.00 noon (15 minutes) Writing time: 12.00 noon to 2.00 pm (2 hours)

QUESTION AND ANSWER BOOK

Structure of bookNumber of questions

Number of questions to be answered

Number of marks

8 8 80

• Studentsarepermittedtobringintotheexaminationroom:pens,pencils,highlighters,erasers,sharpeners,rulers,colouredpencils,water-basedpensandmarkers.

• StudentsareNOTpermittedtobringintotheexaminationroom:blanksheetsofpaperand/orcorrectionfluid/tape.

• Nocalculatorisallowedinthisexamination.

Materials supplied• Questionandanswerbookof12pages• Databook• Additionalspaceisavailableattheendofthebookifyouneedextrapapertocompleteananswer.

Instructions• Writeyourstudent number inthespaceprovidedaboveonthispage.• AllwrittenresponsesmustbeinEnglish.

At the end of the examination• Youmaykeepthedatabook.

Students are NOT permitted to bring mobile phones and/or any other unauthorised electronic devices into the examination room.

©VICTORIANCURRICULUMANDASSESSMENTAUTHORITY2019

SUPERVISOR TO ATTACH PROCESSING LABEL HEREVictorian Certificate of Education 2019

STUDENT NUMBER

Letter

2019GEOGRAPHYEXAM 2

Question 1–continued

InstructionsAnswerallquestionsinthespacesprovided.Refertothedatabookasindicated.

Use Figure 1 on pages 2 and 3 of the data book when responding to Question 1.

Question 1 (16marks)a. Identifytwogeographicalcharacteristicsofthesiteat33RueduCardinalLemoine. 2marks

1.

2.

b. Identifytwogeographicalcharacteristicsofthesurroundingregionof33RueduCardinalLemoine. 2marks

1.

2.

c. OutlineonewayinwhichthechangedlanduseshowninFigure1dislikelytobemoresuitedtothesurroundingregionthanthepreviouslandusewas. 3marks

3 2019GEOGRAPHYEXAM

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d. Statethelocationanddescribethelandusechangefortheselectedareaoffieldworkthatyouhaveundertakenthisyear. 2marks

e. Assesstheimpactsorlikelyimpactsofthelandusechangeinthesurroundingregionofyourselectedareaoffieldwork. 7marks

2019GEOGRAPHYEXAM 4

Use Figure 2 on pages 4 and 5 of the data book when responding to Question 2.

Question 2 (8marks)DescribethespatialdistributionoftheestimatedicecoveroverEarth’ssurfacearound20000yearsago.

5 2019GEOGRAPHYEXAM

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Question 3 (8marks)a. Outlineeitheronehumanactivitycausingdeforestationataselectedlocationoronenatural

processcausingdesertificationataselectedlocation. 2marks

b. Describetheimpactsofthechangeinlandcoverfrompart a. ontheenvironmentattheselectedlocation. 6marks

2019GEOGRAPHYEXAM 6

Question 4 (8marks)Evaluatetheeffectivenessofaglobalresponsetotheimpactsofeitherdeforestationordesertificationor meltingicesheetsandglaciers.

7 2019GEOGRAPHYEXAM

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Use Figure 3 on pages 6 and 7 of the data book when responding to Questions 5 and 6.

Question 5 (4marks)Foreachofthequestionsthatfollow,selectoneofthecountrieslabelledA–GinFigure3.

a. Whichcountryhasapopulationdensityofbetween10and50personspersquarekilometreextendingovernearlythewholeofitsterritory? 1mark

b. Exceptinanarrowbandinthesouth,wherethepopulationdensityisbetween1and50personspersquarekilometre,whichcountryhasapopulationdensityoflessthanonepersonpersquarekilometreovermostofitsterritory? 1mark

c. Whichcountryhasareaswithapopulationdensityexceeding100personspersquarekilometreextendingupto1000kilometreswestfromthecoast? 1mark

d. Whichcountry’sonlyhigh-densityareaisaninlandpocketofover100personspersquarekilometresurroundedbyareaswithlowerpopulationdensities? 1mark

2019GEOGRAPHYEXAM 8

Question 6 (10marks)‘ThepatternofpopulationdistributionofthefourmostnortherlyAfricancountries,outlinedingreeninFigure3,isfoundinmanyotherregionsoftheworld.’

Withreferencetothreeexamples,discusstowhatextentyouagreewiththisstatement.

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Question 7 (8marks)HowdoesMalthusiantheoryexplainpopulationgrowthandsustainability?

2019GEOGRAPHYEXAM 10

Question 8–continued

Question 8 (18marks)Nameacountrywitheitheragrowingpopulationoranageingpopulation.

Country

Statewhetherthiscountry’spopulationisgrowingorageing.

a. Describeoneissueandoneassociatedchallengefoundinthepopulationofthecountrythatyouhavenamed. 6marks

11 2019GEOGRAPHYEXAM

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b. Explainonefactorcontributingtotheissueandassociatedchallengedescribedinpart a. 6marks

c. Evaluatehowsuccessfuloneresponsehasbeeninaddressingtheissueandassociatedchallengedescribedinpart a. 6marks

END OF QUESTION AND ANSWER BOOK

2019GEOGRAPHYEXAM 12

Extra space for responses

Clearly number all responses in this space.

Ananswerbookisavailablefromthesupervisorifyouneedextrapapertocompleteananswer.Pleaseensureyouwriteyourstudent numberinthespaceprovidedonthefrontcoveroftheanswerbook.At the end of the examination, place the answer book inside the front cover of this question and answer book.

GEOGRAPHYWritten examination

Friday 15 November 2019 Reading time: 11.45 am to 12.00 noon (15 minutes) Writing time: 12.00 noon to 2.00 pm (2 hours)

DATA BOOK

Instructions

A question and answer book is provided with this data book.Refer to the data in this book for each question as indicated in the question and answer book.The data contained in this book is drawn from current real-world case studies.

Students are NOT permitted to bring mobile phones and/or any other unauthorised electronic devices into the examination room.

© VICTORIAN CURRICULUM AND ASSESSMENT AUTHORITY 2019

Victorian Certificate of Education 2019

2

Figure 1 Land use change

Figure 1a: Aerial view locating the land use change site as it was in 2017

Figure 1b: Location map

Source: adapted from Google Earth, 2019

Source: adapted from Google Maps, 2019

SorbonneUniversity

M

M

M

M

M

HC

H

M

universitylibrary Sorbonne

University

Panthéon

SEINE RIVER

ÎLE SAINT-LOUIS

SORBONNE

0 600 m150 300

N

site boundaryobscured site boundary

Key

M

H

C

SORBONNE

urban land

urban district

land use change site

metro (underground rail station)

museum, cultural centre

open space

church

road

historic site

Key

M

3 TURN OVER

Figure 1 Land use change

Source: adapted from Meilleurs Agents, <www.meilleursagents/prix-immobilier/paris-75000/rue-du-cardinal-lemoine-2019/33>,

© Mapbox and OpenStreetMap; reproduced by kind permission of Meilleurs Agents

Background informationLand use change at 33 Rue du Cardinal Lemoine, an inner location in Paris, occurred between 2016 and 2019. A commercial, multistorey car park with some apartments was demolished and replaced with 135 apartments and street-level retailing.

Figure 1c: Demolition, 2017 Figure 1d: The almost completed project, 2019

Figure 1e: Land values in the surrounding region, 2017

site boundary

value per square metre in Australian dollarsless thanA$11200

more thanA$21600

obscured site boundary

Key

4

Figure 2 Land cover change

Figure 2: Estimated ice cover over Earth’s surface around 20 000 years ago

Equator

Equator

N

N

N

N

Arctic Circle

Antarctic Circle

Tropic of Cancer

Tropic of Capricorn

NORTHAMERICA

ASIAEUROPE

SouthPole

NorthPole

AFRICA

ANTARCTICA

AUSTRALIA

SOUTHAMERICA

NorthAtlanticOcean

NorthPacificOcean

SouthAtlanticOcean

SouthPacificOcean

IndianOcean

30º

45º

60º

75º

90º105º

120º

135º

150º

165º

180º

5 TURN OVER

Figure 2 Land cover change

0 3500 km

NORTHAMERICA

IndianOcean

estimated ice cover around 20000 yearsago

today’s land and sea areas

continent name

ocean name

Key

6

Figure 3 Human population

Figure 3: World population distribution

Trop ic o f Capr icorn

Equator

Trop ic o f Cancer

Arc t i c C i rc le

0 2000 km500 1000 1500

N

EUROPE NORTHAMERICA

SOUTHAMERICA

ASIA

AUSTRALIA

AFRICA

MIDDLEEAST

Pac i f i c

Ocean

At lan t i c

Ocean

Arc t i c Ocean

Ind ian

Ocean

A

E

C

B

F

G

D

100 and over

Number of persons per square kilometre (km2)

50–100

10–50

river

lake

internationalboundary

1–10

less than 1

Key A EthiopiaB JapanC ChinaD TurkeyE AustraliaF CanadaG Argentina

four most northerlyAfrican countries

Figure 3 Human population

7

END OF DATA BOOK

Trop ic o f Capr icorn

Equator

Trop ic o f Cancer

Arc t i c C i rc le

0 2000 km500 1000 1500

N

EUROPE NORTHAMERICA

SOUTHAMERICA

ASIA

AUSTRALIA

AFRICA

MIDDLEEAST

Pac i f i c

Ocean

At lan t i c

Ocean

Arc t i c Ocean

Ind ian

Ocean

A

E

C

B

F

G

D

Source: adapted from Heinemann Atlas, 4th edition, Harcourt Education, Port Melbourne, 2005, pp. 216 and 217

100 and over

Number of persons per square kilometre (km2)

50–100

10–50

river

lake

internationalboundary

1–10

less than 1

Key A EthiopiaB JapanC ChinaD TurkeyE AustraliaF CanadaG Argentina

four most northerlyAfrican countries