2.1Properties of Matter Classifying Material Properties Physical Properties versus Chemical Properties Particle Relationships Thermal Energy, Temperature,

2.1 Properties of Matter

• Classifying Material Properties

• Physical Properties versus Chemical Properties

• Particle Relationships

• Thermal Energy, Temperature, and Heat

• States of Matter & Kinetic Molecular Theory (KMT)

• Some Thermal Properties of Matter


Classifying Material Properties

Extensive properties are qualities that are or depend upon the amount of the material.

Intensive properties are qualities that do not depend upon the amount of the material.

Every material possesses a unique set of intensive properties that can be used to identify it.

text pages 60-61


Physical Properties versus Chemical Properties

text page 61

Chemical properties describe chemical changes or interactions between different forms of matter.

Physical properties describe physical changes. Most physical properties describe relationships or interactions between matter and energy.


Particle Relationships

New properties emerge at and describe each level of organization.

Particle Properties e.g. water molecule

Material Properties e.g. water

Object Properties e.g. water droplet

text pages 61-62


Thermal Energy, Temperature, and Heat

text pages 62-63

Thermal Energy is the total mechanical energy of an object’s particles.

Temperature is the average mechanical energy of the particles that compose an object.

Heat is the energy transferred from one object to another because of a difference in temperature.


States of Matter & Kinetic Molecular Theory (KMT)

text pages 63-65

Kinetic Molecular Theory states that matter is composed of tiny moving particles.

The more energy particles have, the faster they move and therefore the harder they strike each other and the farther they bounce apart from each other.


Some Thermal Properties of Matter

Physical:

Melting Point and Heat of Fusion

Boiling Point and Heat of Vaporization

Chemical:

Heat of Formation Heat of Combustion

text pages 65-67

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2.1Properties of Matter Classifying Material Properties Physical Properties versus Chemical Properties Particle Relationships Thermal Energy, Temperature,