2/23 On your PT on page 31, find and underline symbol for the non-metal Sulfur. Identify and underline 2 other elements that are in its family.

Periodic – means regular, repeated pattern.

Modern Periodic table vs. Mendeleev’sBrainpop

Reading the Periodic Table

- atomic #= #of protons & electrons

- element symbol

-element’s nameAtomic mass/weight:

protons + neutrons (nucleus)

Round off for mass#. Mass # of Fe=______

26

FeIron55.847

What’s the difference between Mass # & atomic #?Atomic # is equal to the number of protons

or electrons (unless charged)Mass # is the # of protons PLUS the # of

neutrons (each equals 1 AMU)

Drawing an atomDraw atomic structure of H & He as a class.

Draw atomic structure O on your own.

Determine valence e-s for each one.

Building an atom

Uses the elements symbol and dots for # of val. e-s.

Ex. H

Complete Lewis Dot structure page on PT Basics Packet.

Lewis Dot structure

H

P

Ca

ArCl

Groups: Columns The vertical columns of the periodic table

(there are 18) are called groups (18) or families (I- VIII)

Family # gives # of valence e-s.

Metallic character increases from top to bottom.

Share similar chemical and physical properties/looks as long as in the same column/family.

Ex. Li, Na, and K have similar properties, all in 1 family.

Write the val e-s for families I thru VIII on your PT

Periods: Rows (7)The horizontal rows of the periodic table are called

periods ‘periodic’ means repeating pattern. Per. # tells us how many energy levels the

elements have.Elements in a period are not alike in properties. 3 repeated PATTERNS left to right:

1. METAL TO NONMETAL2. REACTIVE TO NONREACTIVE3. Val. E-s go up. Draw the number of shells for Periods 1 thru 7 on

your PT

Rows (cont’d)Atomic # (# of protons) from L to R across a

period.&Atomic mass (# of protons & neutrons)

increases from left to right across a period.

Groups and columns review

Locate the element Chlorine on your PT. Decide which 2 elements will have properties similar to those of Cl.

a. S and Arb. Br and Ic. Br and Fd. O and F

PT Videos

2/24 Periodic table notes cont’d

IQ: Circle the element Ca on your PT. Determine and circle the 2 elements that have properties most similar to Ca.

Rows & Columns CombinedOVERALL (back of PT)

Metals are on the left.Non-metals are on the right.Metalloids are in between metals & non-metals,

on ‘staircase’ or the “zig-zag.”Brainpop

Metals and non-metals

Metals Conductive (heat/electricity)

Nonmetals

silver or white in color, lustrous (shiny)

dull in appearance

malleable and ductile brittle if solid

Dense poor conductor of heat and electricity

high melting and boiling points low mps and bps

low densities

many react with acids does not react with acids

all solids except, mercury (Hg) exist in all three states of matter  * Metalloids are combined properties of

both metals and nonmetals.

 * Metalloids are combined properties of both metals and nonmetals.

Each color represents a different group,or family.

Some properties of metals to look at (in notebook)

Malleability- Ability to be flattened into thin sheets. Ex. AluminumDuctility- Ability to be drawn into wires. Ex. Copper.Heat and electrical conductivity- Ability to allow heat and electricity to pass through. Ex. Copper (p. 306)

2/25 p. 30 Atomic Bonding

IQ: Draw the Bohr model for Sodium (Na). Then, predict what would a Na +1 ion be like.

Bonding (back of PT)The # of outer/“valence” e-s in an atom affects

the way an atom bonds. The ‘magic #’ is 8 “octet”…e- want to have 8

friends total! Makes a complete outer shell. Noble gases have a complete outer shell (2 or

8e-s) so they don’t bond with anything. The way an atom bonds determines many

properties of the element.Group 1 elements will readily bond with Group

17 elements to form salts. Can you tell why?

For example, during the reaction of sodium with chlorine:

                            sodium (on the left) loses its one valence

electron to chlorine (on the right),

   resulting in

                            a positively charged sodium ion (left)

and a negatively charged chlorine ion (right).

The reaction of sodium with chlorineConcept simulation - Reenacts the reaction of sodium with chlorine.

(Flash required)

Bonding cont’d :1) “Valence/Outermost” e- effects the way an

atom reacts.2) The ‘magic number’ is 8 e-s want to have 8

friends total.3) Makes complete outermost shell, called a

complete octet. 4) Ex. Group 1 elements will readily bond with Group 7 elements. 5) Two types of bonds: a) Covalent bond: means to share electrons. Usually between two non-metals.

b) Ionic means to gain or lose valence e-s, metals & non-metals usually metal with non metal.