23-4
Test Bank
Mosby items and derived items 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate
of Elsevier Inc.
Mosby items and derived items 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate
of Elsevier Inc.
Haveles: Applied Pharmacology for the Dental Hygienist, 5th
Edition
Test Bank
Chapter 23: Emergency Drugs
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1.Which of the following are reasons why the chance of an
emergency occurring in the dental office continues to increase?
a.
The average age of the dental patient has increased.
b.
Dental offices are administering more complicated regimens.
c.
Dental appointments are taking longer than they used to.
d.
Dental patients are, on average, getting sicker.
e.
All of the above.
ANS:E
Correct: All statements are correct.
REF:p. 410
2.Which of the following are methods of minimizing emergencies
in the dental office?
a.
Taking a complete patient history
b.
Training of personnel
c.
Posting the telephone numbers for the closest physician,
emergency room, and ambulance service
d.
Having a well-stocked and up-to-date emergency kit.
ANS:A
Correct: Taking a complete patient history can minimize and
prevent emergencies.
Incorrect choices: Others are measures to take in case of an
emergency but not to prevent an emergency.
REF:pp. 410411
3.Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) training is:
a.
Necessary for all staff
b.
Necessary if the office is in a rural setting
c.
Necessary if the office performs conscious sedation
d.
Not necessary for a dentists office
e.
None of the above
ANS:C
Correct: ACLS training is required for personnel in dentists
offices where preoperative or conscious sedation is performed.
REF:pp. 410411
4.The most important component in the treatment of syncope
is:
a.
Placing the patient in the Trendelenburg position
b.
Exhibiting confidence in action and voice
c.
Administering spirits of ammonia by inhalation
d.
Placing the patients head between their legs
ANS:B
Correct: If the hygienist shows control over the situation, the
patient will be less anxious and apprehensive.
REF:pp. 411412
5.For an asthma attack unresponsive to topical b2-agonist
administration, what treatment recourse does the dental office have
available?
a.
Parenteral or oral aminophylline
b.
Parenteral corticosteroids
c.
Parenteral epinephrine
d.
Inhaled oxygen
ANS:D
Correct: For an asthma attack unresponsive to topical
b2-agonist, hospitalization should be considered for subsequent
drug treatment. However, oxygen can and should be administered by
the office.
Incorrect choices: Others should be considered at the hospital
rather than the dentists office.
REF:p. 413
6.All of the following are indicated for management of acute
airway obstruction except one. Which is the exception?
a.
Placing the patient in a Trendelenburg position
b.
Clearing the pharynx and pulling the tongue forward
c.
Allowing the patient to sit upright
d.
Administering the Heimlich maneuver
e.
Performing cricothyrotomy
ANS:C
Correct: Allowing the patient with acute airway obstruction to
sit up is contraindicated.
Incorrect choices: Others are all measures that may be used to
dislodge an acute airway obstruction.
REF:p. 413
7.Symptoms that differentiate myocardial infarction from angina
pectoris include:
a.
Heaviness in the chest
b.
Pain that radiates across the chest to other parts of the
body
c.
Pain unrelieved by nitroglycerin
d.
Rapid pulse
ANS:C
Correct: Anginal pain is generally relieved by administration of
nitroglycerin. If 3 doses of nitroglycerin do not relieve the pain,
then myocardial infarction is strongly suspected.
REF:p. 414
8.Tepid baths and aspirin are indicated for:
a.
Myocardial infarction
b.
Thyroid storm
c.
Acute adrenocortical insufficiency
d.
All of the above
e.
None of the above
ANS:B
Correct: One symptom of thyroid storm is hyperpyrexia. To reduce
body temperature, aspirin and tepid baths are indicated.
Incorrect choices: An aspirin tablet is indicated for myocardial
infarction, but not a tepid bath. Neither aspirin nor tepid bath is
indicated for acute adrenocortical insufficiency.
REF:pp. 413415
9.The following are accepted treatments for malignant
hyperthermia, except one. Which is the exception?
a.
Succinylcholine
b.
Baths and aspirin
c.
Dantrolene
d.
Fluid replacement
e.
Sodium bicarbonate
ANS:A
Correct: Succinylcholine is an agent that may precipitate
malignant hyperthermia, not treat it.
Incorrect choices: Others are all accepted methods of managing
malignant hyperthermia.
REF:p. 415
10.The drug of choice for opioid overdose is:
a.
Intravenous diphenhydramine
b.
Prochlorperazine
c.
Naloxone
d.
Flumazenil
ANS:C
Correct: Naloxone is an opioid receptor antagonist which can
specifically reverse the actions of the opioids.
Incorrect choices: Diphenhydramine is not a treatment of choice
for opioid overdose, although it might reverse some of its actions.
Prochlorperazine is not a treatment of choice for opioid overdose
and may exacerbate the symptoms. Flumazenil is a benzodiazepine
receptor antagonist and would probably not influence the opioid
overdose one way or the other.
REF:p. 415
11.Toxic reactions to epinephrine occur most often after the
placement of a gingival retraction cord. The treatment of choice is
to administer an adrenergic receptor antagonist.
a.
Both statements are true.
b.
Both statements are false.
c.
The first statement is true; the second is false.
d.
The first statement is false; the second is true.
ANS:C
Correct: The treatment of choice is to remove the retraction
cord and reassure the patient. In a calm patient, the epinephrine
will be metabolized, and the episode will not precipitate the
release of endogenous epinephrine.
REF:p. 416
TRUE/FALSE
1.Drugs are not necessary for the proper management of most
emergencies.
ANS:T
Correct: The use of drug therapy is only ancillary to the
primary measures of maintaining adequate circulation and
respiration.
REF:p. 411
2.The drug of choice for anaphylactic shock is sublingual or
intramuscular injection of epinephrine.
ANS:TREF:p. 413
