AS 2467—1981

Australian Standard

Maintenance of electricalswitchgear

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The following scientific, industrial and governmental organizations and departmentswere officially represented on the committee entrusted with the preparation of thisstandard:

Australian-British Trade Association

Australian Electrical and Electronic Manufacturers Association

Bureau of Steel Manufacturers of Australia

Confederation of Australian Industry

Department of Defence

Department of Productivity, ACT

Electricity Supply Association of Australia

Institution of Engineers, Australia

Railways of Australia Committee

Testing Authorities

This standard prepared by Committees EL/6, Industrial Switchgear and Controlgearand EL/7, Power Switchgear was approved on behalf of the Council of the StandardsAssociation of Australia on 7 April 1981 and was published on 1 July 1981.

Review of Australian Standards.To keep abreast of progress in industry, Australian Standards are subjectto periodic review and are kept up to date by the issue of amendments or new edit ions as necessary. It isimportant therefore that Standards users ensure that they are in possession of the latest edition, and anyamendments thereto.

Full details of all Australian Standards and related publications wil l be found in the Standards AustraliaCatalogue of Publications; this information is supplemented each month by the magazine ‘The AustralianStandard’, which subscribing members receive, and which gives details of new publications, new edit ionsand amendments, and of withdrawn Standards.

Suggestions for improvements to Australian Standards, addressed to the head office of Standards Australia,are welcomed. Notif ication of any inaccuracy or ambiguity found in an Australian Standard should be madewithout delay in order that the matter may be investigated and appropriate action taken.

This Standard was issued in draft form for comment as DR 80018.

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AS 2467—1981

Australian Standard

Maintenance of electricalswitchgear

First published (as AS CC9) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1965AS 2467 fi rst published . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1981

PUBLISHED BY STANDARDS AUSTRALIA(STANDARDS ASSOCIATION OF AUSTRALIA)1 THE CRESCENT, HOMEBUSH, NSW 2140

ISBN 0 7262 2266 6

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AS 2467—1981 2

PREFACE

This standard was prepared as a joint project by theAssociation’s Committee on Industrial Switchgearand Controlgear, and Power Switchgear. It supersedesAS CC9— 1965 which was BS CP1008:1958endorsed as an Australian standard. BS CP1008 wassubsequently superseded by BS 5405:1976, Code ofPractice for the Maintenance of Electrical Switchgearfor Voltages up to and including 145 kV, andacknowledgement is made of the assistance receivedfrom that document in the preparation of thisstandard.

This standard gives basic recommendations for thesafety of personnel in proximity to or engaged inmaintenance of electrical switchgear and includesdetailed recommendations for particular types ofswitchgear.

This standard sets out a standard of good practice andgenerally takes the form of recommendations.Compliance with it does not confer immunity fromrelevant statutory and legal requirements (seeClause 1.3).

This standard may require reference to the followingdocuments:

AS 1076 Code of Practice for Selection, Installationand Maintenance of Electrical Apparatusand Associated Equipment for Use inExplosive Atmospheres (other thanMining Applications)Part 1 — Basic Requirements

AS 1255 Methods of Test for Electr icalCharacteristics of Solid Plastics InsulatingMaterials Part 4 — Method 4 —Determination of the Permittivity andDielectric Dissipation Factor at Power,Audio and Radio Frequencies up to300 MHz

AS 1265 Bushings for Alternating Voltages above1000 V

AS 1270 Hearing Protection Devices

AS 1319 Rules for the Design and Use of SafetySigns for the Occupational Environment

AS 1883 Guide to Maintenance and Supervision ofInsulating Oils in Service

AS 1930 Circuit-breakers for Distribution Circuits(up to and including 1000 V a.c. and1200 V d.c.)

AS 2006 High-voltage Alternating Current Circuit-breakers

AS 2067 Switchgear Assemblies and AncillaryEquipment for a.c. Voltages above 1 kV

AS 2184 Moulded-case Circuit-breakers (up to andincluding 600 V a.c. and 250 V d.c.)(interrupting Rating 10 kA and more)

AS 2225 Rubber Gloves for Electrical Purposes

AS 2290 Maintenance and Overhaul of ElectricalEquipment for Coal MinesPart 1 — Maintenance of ElectricalEquipment for Explosive AtmospheresPart 2 —Overhaul of Electrical Equipmentfor Explosive Atmospheres

AS 2395 Terminals for Switchgear Assemblies forAlternation Voltages above 1 kV

AS 3118 Approval and Test Specification forElectric Inspection Handlamps

AS 3160 Approval and Test Specification for Hand-held Portable Electric Tools

IEC 480 Guide to the Checking of SulphurHexafluoride (SF6) taken from ElectricalEquipment

Attention is also drawn to the list of relevantstandards given in Appendix F.

Copyright STANDARDS AUSTRALIA

Users of Standards are reminded that copyright subsists in all Standards Australia publications and software. Except where theCopyright Act allows and except where provided for below no publications or software produced by Standards Australia may bereproduced, stored in a retrieval system in any form or transmit ted by any means without prior permission in wri ting fromStandards Australia. Permission may be condit ional on an appropriate royalty payment. Requests for permission and information oncommercial software royalties should be directed to the head off ice of Standards Australia.

Standards Australia wil l permit up to 10 percent of the technical content pages of a Standard to be copied for useexclusively in-house by purchasers of the Standard without payment of a royalty or advice to Standards Australia.

Standards Australia wil l also permit the inclusion of its copyright material in computer software programs for no royaltypayment provided such programs are used exclusively in-house by the creators of the programs.

Care should be taken to ensure that material used is from the current edit ion of the Standard and that it is updated whenever theStandard is amended or revised. The number and date of the Standard should therefore be clearly identif ied.

The use of material in print form or in computer software programs to be used commercially, with or without payment, or incommercial contracts is subject to the payment of a royalty. This policy may be varied by Standards Australia at any time.

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3 AS 2467—1981

CONTENTS

SECTION 1. SCOPE AND GENERAL Page1.1 Scope . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51.2 Rationale . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51.3 Object . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51.4 Application . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51.5 Statutory and Legal Requirements . .. . . . 51.6 Definitions . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

SECTION 2. SAFETY OF PERSONNEL2.1 General . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72.2 Responsibility . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72.3 First Aid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72.4 Access . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72.5 Safety Rules . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

SECTION 3. SAFETY PROVISIONS FOR MAINTENANCEOPERATIONS

3.1 General . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83.2 Avoidance of Moisture and Dust . .. . . . . 83.3 Containment of Faults . .. . . . . . . . . . . . 83.4 Fire Extinguishing Equipment . .. . . . . . . 83.5 Emergency Exits . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83.6 Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83.7 Access . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83.8 Earthing Equipment . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83.9 Earth Mats . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93.10 Insulating Mats, Stands, Screens and

other Similar Equipment . .. . . . . . . . . . 93.11 Verification that Conductors are not

Alive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93.12 Protection against Induction . .. . . . . . . . 93.13 Detection of Hazardous Gases . .. . . . . . . 93.14 Danger from Stored Energy . .. . . . . . . . 93.15 Portable Electric Tools . .. . . . . . . . . . . . 93.16 Instructions, Notices and Labels . .. . . . . 9

SECTION 4. FR E Q U E NC Y O F M A I NT E N A N CEOPERATIONS

4.1 General . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104.2 Planning the Frequency of Maintenance

Operations . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104.3 Insulating Oil . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114.4 Recommended Intervals . .. . . . . . . . . . 11

SECTION 5. MAINTENANCE OF SWITCHGEAR INTENDEDTO OPERATE AT VOLTAGES UP TO1000 VA.C. AND 1200 V D.C.

5.1 Pre-maintenance Requirements andPrecautions . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

5.2 Frequency of Maintenance . .. . . . . . . . 125.3 Diagnostic Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125.4 Routine Maintenance . .. . . . . . . . . . . . 125.5 Post-fault Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145.6 Maintenance of Auxiliary Equipment . . . 145.7 Summary of Maintenance Operations . . . 14

SECTION 6. M A I N T E N A N C E O F A I R - B R E A KSWITCHGEAR INTENDED FOR OPERATIONAT VOLTAGE ABOVE 1000 V A.C. AND1200 VD.C.

6.1 Pre-maintenance Requirements andPrecautions . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

6.2 Frequency of Maintenance . .. . . . . . . . 156.3 Diagnostic Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156.4 Operational Check . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156.5 Routine Maintenance . .. . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Page6.6 Post-fault Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186.7 Maintenance of Auxiliary Equipment . . . 196.8 High Voltage Fuse Connection and

Associated Linkage . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . 196.9 Summary of Maintenance Operations . . . 19

SECTION 7. MAINTENANCE OF OIL SWITCHGEAR7.1 Application of Section . .. . . . . . . . . . . 207.2 Special Precautions for Oil

Switchgear . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207.3 Routine Maintenance . .. . . . . . . . . . . . 207.4 Post-fault Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217.5 Summary of Maintenance Operations . . . 21

SECTION 8. MAINTENANCE OF AIR-BLAST CIRCUIT-BREAKER SWITCHGEAR

8.1 Application of Section . .. . . . . . . . . . . 238.2 Pre-maintenance Requirements and

Precautions . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238.3 Routine Maintenance . .. . . . . . . . . . . . 238.4 Post-fault Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238.5 Summary of Maintenance Operations . . . 25

SECTION 9. MAINTENANCE OF VACUUM CIRCUIT-BREAKER SWITCHGEAR

9.1 Application of Section . .. . . . . . . . . . . 269.2 General . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269.3 Frequency of Maintenance . .. . . . . . . . 269.4 Routine Maintenance . .. . . . . . . . . . . . 269.5 Post-fault Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269.6 Summary of Maintenance Operations . . . 26

SECTION 10. MAINTENANCE OF SULPHUR HEXA-FLUORIDE CIRCUIT-BREAKER SWITCHGEAR

10.1 Application of Section . .. . . . . . . . . . . 2810.2 Special Considerations Arising From

the Use of Sulphur Hexafluoride . .. . . . 2810.3 Pre-maintenance Requirements and

Precautions . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2810.4 Frequency of Maintenance . .. . . . . . . . 2910.5 Routine Maintenance . .. . . . . . . . . . . . 2910.6 Post-fault Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3110.7 Summary of Maintenance Operations . . . 31

SECTION 11. DIAGNOSTIC TESTING

11.1 General . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3311.2 Diagnostic Tests for Correct Operation . 3311.3 Diagnostic Tests for Contacts and

Connections . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3311.4 Diagnostic Tests for Insulation . .. . . . . 33

SECTION 12. MAINTENANCE OF AUXILIARY ITEMS

12.1 Equipment for Tripping and ClosingCurrent Supply . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

12.2 General Precautions for BatteryInstallations . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

12.3 Secondary Cell Batteries . .. . . . . . . . . 3512.4 Primary Cell Batteries . .. . . . . . . . . . . 3512.5 Compressed Air Plant . .. . . . . . . . . . . 3512.6 Current Transformers . .. . . . . . . . . . . . 3612.7 Voltage Transformers . .. . . . . . . . . . . 3612.8 Equipment Earthing Connections . .. . . . 3612.9 Other Auxiliary Devices . .. . . . . . . . . . 3612.10 Replacement Parts . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

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AS 2467—1981 4

PageSECTION 13. MAINTENANCE OF PROTECTIVE

APPARATUS13.1 General . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3713.2 Removal of Dust . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3713.3 Connections . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3713.4 Routine Tripping Tests . .. . . . . . . . . . . 3713.5 Protective Apparatus Incorporating

Semiconductors . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3713.6 Injection Tests . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3713.7 Relays . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

SECTION 14. MAINTENANCE AND TESTING OFINSULATION

14.1 General . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3814.2 Routine Testing and Inspection . .. . . . . 3814.3 Electrostatically Graded (Condenser)

Bushings . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3814.4 Oil Barrier Bushings . .. . . . . . . . . . . . 38

Page

14.5 Laminated Insulation . .. . . . . . . . . . . . 3814.6 Porcelain Insulation . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . 3814.7 Applied Voltages for Insulation

Resistance Tests . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3914.8 Power Frequency Withstand Tests after

Maintenance . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

APPENDICESA Example of Electrical Safety Rules . . . . 40B Maintenance Record Forms . .. . . . . . . 50C Fire Protection Equipment . .. . . . . . . . 54D Graphical Illustration of Some of the

Terms and Definitions given inClause 1.4 . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

E Appropriate Acts and Regulations . . . . . 55F Relevant Standards . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

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5 AS 2467—1981

STANDARDS ASSOCIATION OF AUSTRALIA

Australian Standardfor

MAINTENANCE OF ELECTRICAL SWITCHGEAR

SECTION 1. SCOPE AND GENERAL

1.1 SCOPE. This standard sets out recommendationsand procedures for the maintenance of electricalswitchgear. It is applicable to electrical switchgearhaving rated voltages not greater than 145 kV. Atvoltages above this level the design of equipment, systemoperations and consequently maintenance requirementsand practices may differ significantly from those atvoltages up to this level. However, the principlesformulated in this standard as good practice, especiallythose regarding the safety of personnel, are for the mostpart applicable at the higher voltages.

The standard does not apply to the maintenance ofelectrical switchgear—

(a) of sealed construction intended only to be returnedto the manufacturer for adjustment and repair; or

(b) used in explosive atmospheres and in coal mines.Reference should be made to AS 1076 andAS 2290, Parts 1 and 2 for the maintenance ofelectrical equipment used in explosive atmospheresand in coal mines.

1.2 RATIONALE. Electrical switchgear, by thenature of the service it renders, does not automaticallycall for the maintenance attendance which is necessary toensure its effective functioning at all times. Its normallyquiescent state does not generally draw attention toincipient faults or deterioration or to the danger resultingfrom neglect.

It follows therefore that only an organized system ofroutine maintenance planned to include all necessarydetails can ensure continued safe and satisfactoryoperation of an electrical system with a minimum risk ofbreakdown and the consequent interruption of supply.

NOTE: In this standard, the words ‘examination’ and ‘inspection’have a meaning strictly as defined in Clauses 1.6.4 and 1.6.6respectively.

1.3 OBJECT. The object of this standard is toprovide in a convenient form a record of those matterswhich technical knowledge and experience have shownto be important in keeping electrical switchgear, bothindoor and outdoor, and its associated apparatus in anacceptable condition. It also draws attention to theprecautions which should be observed in order to securethe safety of personnel while maintenance is in progress,and in this respect the following matters are covered:

(a) Safety rules.

(b) Safety features of equipment.

(c) Measures to minimize hazards to plant and toensure continuity of service.

(d) The use of electrical testing to detect insulationweakness or the deteriorating condition ofinsulation.

1.4 APPLICATION. The application of Sections 2to 14 is as follows:

(a) Section 2sets out general provisions and rules forthe safety of personnel engaged in the maintenanceof switchgear, first aid and the responsibility ofauthorised persons.

(b) Section 3sets out general design considerations fora switchgear installation, safe practices for the useof equipment emergency exits, instruction andwarning notices and provision of facilities tominimize the risk of injury, damage to equipmentand fire.

(c) Section 4 deals with the determination of thefrequency of maintenance operations for items ofswitchgear, components and materials in relation toservice duty and conditions of use.

(d) Section 5applies to the maintenance of switchgear,intended to be serviced, for voltages up to1000 V a.c. and 1200 V d.c.

(e) Section 6applies to the maintenance of air-breakswitchgear for voltages above 1000 V a.c. and1200 V d.c. A number of the recommendations inthis Section are applicable to other types of highvoltage switchgear and reference is made insubsequent Sections to appropriate clauses ofSection 6.

(f) Section 7applies to the maintenance of oil-breakswitchgear.

(g) Section 8applies to the maintenance of air-blastswitchgear and compressed air handling equipmentin installations of such switchgear.

(h) Section 9applies to the maintenance of vacuumcircuit-breaker switchgear.

(j) Section 10applies to the maintenance of sulphurhexafluoride SF6 switchgear and special safetymeasures necessary due to the properties of this gas.

(k) Section 11sets out diagnostic testing methods andprocedures which are recommended to prolong theintervals between dismantling of equipment forroutine maintenance.

(l) Section 12applies to the maintenance of auxiliaryequipment items such as batteries, compressed airplant, transformers, earthing connections and oilhandling plant.

(m) Section 13applies to the maintenance of protectiveapparatus, fuses and relays.

(n) Section 14deals with the testing and maintenance ofelectrical insulation.

1.5 STATUTORYAND LEGAL REQUIREMENTS.This standard represents a standard of good practice andgenerally takes the form of recommendations.

COPYRIGHT

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