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26-1
Lecture 23
Human Reproductive System
26-2
Anatomy of the Male Reproductive System
• Testes– Produce
spermatozoa (gametes)
– Produce androgens (hormones)
• Series of ducts• Accessory glands (3)
– Secretions added to sperm to form semensemen
– Seminal vesicle, prostate gland, and bulbourethral gland
Fig. 28.11
Urinary bladder
Ductusdeferens
Urethra
Penis
GlansPrepuce
Ureters
Seminal vesicle
Ejaculatory duct
Prostate gland
Bulbourethral glandAnus
Epididymis
Testis
Scrotum
26-3
Anatomy of the Male Reproductive System
• Supporting structures– Scrotum
• 2 chambered sac that contains testes
• Muscles help regulate temperature
– Penis• Important sexual
organ and part of the urinary system
Fig. 28.12
Ureter
Urinary bladder
Ductus deferens
Epididymis
Testis
Penis
Spermatic cord
Cremaster muscle
Dartos muscle
Scrotum
26-4
Descent of Testes• Descent
– Pass from abdominal cavity through inguinal canal to scrotum
26-5
Testes• Compartments divided
by septa– Seminiferous tubules
• Empty into efferent ductules
• Efferent ductules empty into epididymis
– Epididymis• Site of sperm cell
maturation• 12-16 days
Fig. 28.13
26-6
Male Reproductive StructuresDucts
• Ductus deferens or vas deferens– Passes from
epididymis into abdominal cavity
• Ejaculatory duct– Joining of ductus
deferens and seminal vesicle
Urinary bladder
Ureter
Seminal vesicle
Ejaculatoryduct
Prostategland
Bulbourethral gland
Urethra
Ductus deferens
Testis
Epididymis
Fig. 28.15
26-7
Male Reproductive StructuresUrethra
• Urethra– Extends from urinary
bladder to distal end of penis
– Passageway for urine and male reproductive fluids
Urinary bladder
Ureter
Seminal vesicle
Ejaculatoryduct
Prostategland
Bulbourethral gland
Urethra
Ductus deferens
Testis
Epididymis
Fig. 28.15
26-8
Male Reproductive StructuresPenis
• Three columns of erectile tissue that engorge with blood– Corpora cavernosa (2)
– Corpus spongiosum (1)
• Glans penis– Prepuce or foreskin
covers• Circumcision: Surgical
removal
Glans
Urinary bladder
Ureter
Urethra
Testis
Corpus cavernosum
Penis
Corpus spongiosum
Fig. 28.15Clinical View, pg. 866
26-9
Anatomy of Female Reproductive System
• Female reproductive organs– Ovaries– Uterine tubes– Uterus– Vagina– External genital
organs– Mammary glands Fig. 28.2
Anus
Uterine tube
Ovary
Uterus
Urinary bladder
Urethra
ClitorisExternal urethral
orificeVaginal orifice
Ureter
Fimbriae of uterine tube
Cervix of uterus
Rectum
Vagina
26-10
Uterine Tubes
• Uterine or fallopian tubes or oviducts– Open directly into
peritoneal cavity to receive oocyte from ovary
– Transport oocyte or zygote from ovary to uterus Fig. 28.3(a) Posterior view
Broad ligament
Uterine tube
Cervix Ureter
UterusFimbriae
Ovary
Infundibulum
Vagina
26-11
Uterus & Vagina
• Uterus– Parts: fundus, body, cervix– Composed of 3 layers
• Perimetrium: Serous membrane • Myometrium: Smooth muscle• Endometrium: Mucous membrane
Fig. 28.7
26-12
Female External Genitalia
• Vulva external female genitalia– Vestibule: Space
• Labia minora: Form borders on sides
• Clitoris: Erectile structure
– Corpora cavernosa
– Corpora spongiosa
Fig. 28.9
26-13
Review Question
The structure of the female reproductive system that is homologous to the penis of the male system is the
(a) Vagina(b) Labia minora(c) Uterus(d) Fallopian tubes(e) Clitoris
26-14
Points to RememberPoints to Remember
• Male and female reproductive systems share similarities as evidence of homology
• Important functions of:– Production of gametes and sex hormones– Production of sperm (temperature-sensitive)– Receiving sperm (semen is mixture of sperm and
secretions of three accessory glands)– Providing site for development of fetus and birth– Breast milk secretions provide nourishment
26-15
Questions?