29646761 Cics Mainframes

8/22/2019 29646761 Cics Mainframes

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/29646761-cics-mainframes 1/331

CICS(Customer Information Control System)

1



Table of Contents

• Introduction to CICS

• Basic Mapping Support

• Program Control

• File Processing

• Error Handling

• Queues

• Interval and Task Control

• Recover and Restart• Program preparation

• CICS Supplied Transactions

• Case Stud

2



Introduction to CICS

• Customer In!ormation Control Sstem "CICS developed in late

#$%&s as a 'B('C control sstem

• CICS provides an inter!ace )et*een t+e ,perating Sstem and

application programs• Macro -evel CICS " initial version .ssem)ler macro to re/uest

CICS services

• Command -evel CICS " +ig+ level lang0version " commands to

re/uest CICS services " Single command can replace series o!

macros

3



Batch & Online : Differences

BATCH SST!"10 Input data is prepared and

given in se/uence 2!ile3

40 Processing se/uence ispredicta)le and +encerestarting t+e process in caseo! !ailure is eas0

50 Programs and !iles can6t )es+ared

70 Programs are sc+eduledt+roug+ 8o)s

%0 ,(P printed on paper or inse/uential o! 9S.M or Inde:ed!iles

;0 Response time< Could )e

sc+eduled to )e Hours or das



CICS & O#eratin$ System

OOpeperratingating SystemSystem

CICSCICS

Files &

Database

5



DB%DC System

Terminals

Central System

CICS SstemEnvironment = .PI routines>and .pplication

Programs

6



C IC S S y s t e m Seric e s

• 'ata"Communication Functions

• 'ata"Handling Functions

• .pplication Program Services

• Sstem Services

• Monitoring Functions

7



Tas' & Transaction

• Tas' <" . )asic unit o! *ork *+ic+ is sc+eduled ) t+e

operating sstem or CICS

E: "Read !rom and *rite to t+e terminal

• Transaction <" .n entit *+ic+ initiates e:ecution o! a task0 InCICS> transaction is identi!ied ) t+e transaction identi!ier2Trans"id3

8



A##lication ro$rammin$

C onc e# ts

• Pseudo"Conversational

• Multitasking

• Multit+reading

• Quasi"Reentranc

9



Terminal ConersationConersational < . mode o! dialogue )et*een program andterminal )ased on a com)ination o! sending message andreceiving message *it+in t+e same task

Since +uman response is slo*er t+an t+e CP? speed> a

signi!icant amount o! resource *ill )e *asted 8ust *aiting

seudoConersational0 . mode o! dialogue )et*een programand terminal *+ic+ appears to t+e operator as a continuousconversation )ut *+ic+ is actuall carried ) a series o! tasks

1



0



Terminal Conersation

! * a m#lePR,CE'?RE 'I9ISI,@0

<FIRST"PR,CESS0

EAEC CICS RECEI9E """" TSD#>#1457

E@'"EAEC0< process

EAEC CICS SE@' """"" EMP2#14573 'etails

E@'"EAEC0

" " " " " " Program aits For Response " " " " "

SEC,@' PR,CESS0EAEC CICS RECEI9E """"" ?ser Enters 'ata

E@'"EAEC0

< process

1



1



s e udo C o n er s a ti o n!*am # le

Transaction TSD#

Program PR,G#

PR,CE'?RE 'I9ISI,@0

<EAEC CICS RECEI9EE@'"EAEC0

<EAEC CICS SE@'

E@'"EAEC0

EAEC CICS RET?R@

TR.@SI' 2TSD163

E@'"EAEC0



C IC S C om#onents• Control ro$rams (or "ana$ement "odules)

Programs t+at inter!ace )et*een ,S and app0 pgm

Handle t+e general !unctions t+at are crucial to operation o!

CICS• Control Tables

'e!ine t+e CICS environment

Functionall associated *it+ t+e management module

• Control Bloc's (or Areas)Contain sstem tpe in!ormation0 Eg0 Task Control .rea

contains in!ormation a)out t+e task

1



3



" a n $e m e nt $ m s & Ctrl Ta b lesro$rams

Program Control PCP

File control FCP

Terminal Control TCP

Task Control DCP

Temporar Storage TSP

Transient 'ata T'P

Storage Control SCP

Interval Control ICPournal Control CP



C IC S ro$ra m C on s ide r a tions

Considerations:

• Must eventuall return control to CICS

• Can6t modi! procedure division instructions )ecause CICS

programs ma )e s+ared ) man tasks

• Can modi! *orking storage since a uni/ue cop o! *orkingstorage is created !or eac+ task

1



5



C IC S ro$ra m + es trictions

+estrictions:

• @o C,@FIG0 SECTI,@> I(, SECTI,@ to )e speci!ied in t+e

E@9IR,@ME@T 'I9ISI,@0

• FI-E SECTI,@> ,PE@> C-,SE> and non"CICS RE.' = RITE

statements are not permitted )ecause !ile management is +andled

) CICS0

• C,B,- commands suc+ as .CCEPT> 'ISP-.J> EAHIBIT>

TR.CE> ST,P R?@> G,B.CD are avoided0 2ST,P R?@ =G,B.CD are sometimes included in order to eliminate compiler

diagnostic )ut never e:ecuted3

16



Sam#le CICS ro$ram

ID!,TI-ICATIO, DI.ISIO,/

PR,GR.M"I'0 S.MP-E0

!,.I+O,"!,T DI.ISIO,0

DATA DI.ISIO,/0O+1I,2STO+A2! S!CTIO,/

&# S"I@P?T0

&7 S"TR.@SI' PIC A2530

&7 FI--ER PIC A2#30

&7 S"I@"EMP"C' PIC A253 9.-?E .--A60

1



7



Sam#le ro$ram (Contd//)

&# S",?TP?T0

&7 FI--ER PIC A2#%3 9.-?E EMP C,'E < 0

&7 S",?T"EMP"C' PIC A2530

&# S"-E@GTH PIC S$253 C,MP0

3I,1A2! S!CTIO,/C.@ Include 'FHC,MM.RE. i! data needs to )e communicated)et*een t*o transactions or multiple iterations o! t+e same

transaction0

+OC!D4+! DI.ISIO,/

555"AI,3I,!/PERF,RM #&&"REC9"I@P?T0

PERF,RM 1&&"SE@'",?TP?T0

EAEC CICS RET?R@ E@'"EAEC0

18



S a m#le ro$ra m (Contd//)655+!C.I,4T/

M,9E $ T, S"-E@GTH0

EAEC CICS RECEI9EI@T, 2S"I@P?T3 -E@GTH 2S"-E@GTH3

E@'"EAEC0M,9E S"I@"EMP"C,'E T, S",?T"EMP"C,'E

755S!,DO4T4T/EAEC CICS SE@'

FR,M 2S",?TP?T3 -E@GTH 21&3

ER.SEE@'"EAEC0

1



9



C IC S Tr a nslat o r

T+e CICS translator converts CICS commands into t+e C,B,-

code so t+at it could )e compiled ) a Standard Co)ol compiler

CICS program with CICS

Commands

CICS Translator



Tr a nslat o r

• +en ou compile a CICS(9S program t+e translator *ill

automaticall add man lines o! code to our program> *+ic+ can

)e seen in t+e compiled listing

2



1



Basic "a##in$ Su##ort

2



2



T o #ics in B " S

• Introduction to BMS

• Map and Mapset

• P+sical and Sm)olic Map

• Map 'e!inition Macros

• Screen Manipulation(Handling

• Screen 'esign Considerations

• Inter!acing *it+ Terminal using a Map

2



3



Introduction to B"S

Introductory conce#ts

In online sstems> !ormatted screens are used0 In order to

displa !ormatted screen> a terminal 2e0g0 41;K3 must

receive a series o! data stream called ,ati&e "ode Data

Stream (,"DS) )ased on t+e +ard*are protocolL t+is

@M'S is a mi:ture o! Buffer Control Characters (BCCs)

and te:t data0 @M'S is designed !or a particular terminal

and is t+us )ot+ device dependent and !ormat dependent0

So i! @M'S is used> re"coding is re/uired *+enever t+ere is

c+ange in t+e terminal device or screen !ormat0 To removet+is device and !ormat dependenc !rom application

program> CICS provides a !acilit called Basic "a##in$

Su##ort 2BMS30

24



rimar y - u n c tions of B " S• Removal o! device dependent codes !rom .pplication Program

• Removal o! constant in!ormation !rom .pplication program2Headers> Titles0003

• Construct @M'S " @ative Mode 'ata Stream

• Te:t +andling

• Terminal Paging = Message routing

• Contents o! t+e screen de!ined t+ru6 BMS is called Map0

• Map is a program *ritten in assem)l language0

• BMS macros are availa)le !or Map coding0

T+e BMS Macros are coded in t+e !orm o! Maps> and Mapsets tode!ine t+e screen attri)utes> screen !ield positions> and !ieldc+aracteristics0

25



"a# and "a#set

• Representation o! one screen !ormat is called Map 2screen

panel30

• ,ne or more maps> link edited toget+er> makes up a Mapset

2load module30

• Mapset must +ave a entr in PPT as given )elo*<

'FHPPT TJPEE@TRJ>M.PSETname,r 'FHPPT TJPEE@TRJ>PR,GR.Mname

2



6



" a # and " a # se t (Contd//)Mapset name +as t*o parts0

Generic name #" ; c+ars0 ?sed in .pp0 Program0

Su!!i: # c+ar 0 To identi! t+e device tpe

Multimap Panel

'namicall constructing a screen panel *it+ multiple maps at

t+e e:ecution time

2



7



"a# and "a#set (Contd//)

T+e concepts o! map and mapset can )e utilied in t*otpe o! cases as given )elo*<

Case 1: . mapset consist o! a single map0 For e0g0

M.PSET# M.P@?M#

Case 2 : . mapset consists o! several maps0 For e0g0

M.PSET1 M.P@?M#

M.P@?M1

2



8



Ty#es of "AS

T+ere are 1 tpes o! M.PS

• hysical "a#

P+sical Map is a map used ) CICS 2CSECT3

Ensure device independence in t+e application program

BMS macro coding N .ssem)lN -ink edit N -oad module N

-,.'-IB N To )e used ) CICS

• Symbolic "a#

Ensure device and !ormat independence in t+e application programSm)olic Map is a map used ) .pplication Program 2'SECT3

BMS macro coding N .ssem)l N Sm)olic map de!inition N

C,PJ-IB N Copied 2C,PJ3 into CICS application program0

29



! *a m#le 8 S y m b olic " a#&# EMPRECI0

&1 FI--ER PIC A2#130

&1 [email protected] PIC S$253 C,MP0&1 [email protected] PIC A0

&1 FI--ER RE'EFI@ES [email protected]&4 EMP@. . PIC A0

&1 [email protected] PIC A21#30

&# EMPREC, RE'EFI@ES EMPRECI0

&1 FI--ER PIC A2#130&1 FI--ER PIC A2&430

&1 EMP@., PIC A21#30

3



0



P+sical = Sm)olic Map " -ogic Flo*

Physical MAP

Linkage editor

Load module (MVS)

3



1



hy s ic a l " a #hysical "a#/

T+e BMS macros are assem)led and link"edited into CICS loadli)rar to create t+e p+sical map0 T+e mapset like an ot+er CICSprogram is stored in CICS runtime li)rar t+e PPT2Program

Processing Ta)le30 .t t+e program e:ecution time t+e p+sicalmap is )eing used ) CICS to load t+e screen image0

In case o! input operations> t+e p+sical map de!ines t+ema:imum lengt+> t+e starting position !or eac+ !ield to )e read and

allo*s BMS to interpret an input @M'S0

In case o! output operations> t+e p+sical map de!ines t+e startingposition> lengt+> !ield c+aracteristics and t+e de!ault data !or eac+!ield and allo*s BMS to construct an output @M'S0

32



S y mb o li c " a #T+e sm)olic map is coded using t+e BMS macro> assem)led

separatel and catalogued into a cop li)rar0 T+e sm)olic mapserves as a 'SECT !or re!erencing t+e Terminal Input(,utput .rea

2TI,.30 T+e program issues a C,B,- C,PJ statement to include it

in t+e program0

T+e sm)olic maps represents t+e actual data structure o! t+e !ields

de!ined in t+e p+sical map> and is used ) t+e application program

to send and receive in!ormation !rom t+e terminal> in t+e CICS

SE@'"M.P = RECEI9E M.P commands0

T+e sm)olic map can )e used ) t+e CICS application programs to

dnamicall to alter t+e !ield attri)utes> modi! screen cursor

position> and +ig+lig+t > protect > unprotect speci!ic !ields on t+escreen0



" a # definition " a cros

2eneral -ormatColumn @um)er

6 69 7setname operation operands contd0

!*am#leEMPM.P 'FHMS' TJPEM.P> A

M,'EI@,?T> A-.@GC,B,-> AST,R.GE.?T,> A

TI,.PFAJES .@J C,MME@TS

3



4



" a # definition " a cr o s (Contd//)!*#la n ations:

S!T,A"! : @ame o! t+e mapset0 ?sed in CICS command

to read or *rite one o! t+e maps in t+e mapset0 Itis t+e load module name0

O!+ATIO, : Macro identi!ier 0 Mapset(Map(Field de!inition0

O(!+A,DS : ,ptional ke *ords 2parameters3

separated ) comma0

CO,TD : Current line can )e continued ) leaving

t+is column non")lank 2usuall A3 andt+e ne:t line +ave to )e started in

#%t+ column0

Comments : 6 in column # makes t+e line comment0

35



" a # definition " a cr o s (Contd//)I,ITIA3 .A34!S : .l*as surround initial values

) single /uote marks

!sca#e Chars : and =

3



6



Order of " a cr o s

'FHMS' TJPE'SECT Mapset

'FHM'I Map

'FHM'F . !ield

'FHM'F . !ield<

'FHM'I Map

'FHM'F . !ield

'FHM'F . !ield

<

'FHMS' [email protected] Mapset

E@'

3



7



D-H"SD "acro

T+e 'FHMS' macro is used to de!ine a mapset 2TJPEM.P3and its c+aracteristics or to end a mapset [email protected] ,nl one mapset is allo*ed in one assem)lrun0 .ll t+e maps in a map set get assem)led toget+er> andt+eOre loaded toget+er at e:ecution time0

!*am#le:TSTMSET 'FHMS' TJPE=SJSP.RM> A

M,'EI@,?T> A-.@GC,B,->

AST,R.GE.?T,> ATI,.PFAJES>

AC@T-2FREEDB>FRSET>PRI@T3

3



8



D-H"SD "acro (Contd//)

O#tions

T!; To de!ine t+e map tpe

'SECT For sm)olic map

M.P For p+sical map

=SJSP.RM For special assem)l procedure

[email protected] To indicate t+e end o! a mapsetcoding

"OD!; To indicate input(output operations

I@ For an input map onl

,?T For an output map onl

I@,?T For maps involving )ot+ input and

output0 3



9




STO+A2! C

.?T, To ac/uire a separate sm)olic map area !or eac+ mapset

B.SE To +ave t+e same storage )ase !or t+e sm)olic

maps o! !rom more t+an one mapset

TIOA-<;

JES To reserve t+e pre!i: space 2#1 )tes3 !or BMS

commands to access TI,. properl0 Re/uired!or t+e CICS command level0

4



0




C,T3; To de!ine t+e device controlre/uests

FREEDB To unlock t+e ke)oard

FRSET To reset M'T to ero status

.-.RM To set an alarm at screen displa timePRI@T To indicate t+e mapset to )e sent to t+eprinter

T!+";ty#e T+is ensures device independence>re/uired i! ot+er t+an 41;& terminal is )eing

used

S4--I<;nn To speci! t+e user provided su!!i: num)er0T+is must correspond to t+e TCT

parameter0

4



1



D-H"DI "acro

'e!ines a map and its c+aracteristics

!*am#le

EMPM.P 'FHM'I SIE2ll>cc3> A-I@Enn> A

C,-?M@mm> A?STIFJ-EFT(RIGHT

O#tions

SI=!;(ll>cc) To de!ine t+e sie o! t+e map ) t+e line sie 2ll3and t+e column sie 2cc30 ?se!ul *+en t+e screen

contains03I,! Indicates t+e starting line num)er o! t+e map0

CO34", Indicates t+e starting column num)er o! t+e map0

?4STI- To speci! t+e entire map 2map !ields3 is to )e le!t or

rig+t 8usti!ied0

4



2



D-H"D- "acro

T+e 'FHM'F macro is used to de!ine a !ield in a map and its

c+aracteristics0 T+is is t+e position on t+e screen *+ere t+e !ield

s+ould appear0 ItOs t+e position relative to t+e )eginning o! t+e

map0 Field starts *it+ its attri)ute )te> so i! P,S2#>#3 is coded>

t+en t+e attri)ute )te !or t+at !ield is on line # in column #> andt+e actual data starts in column 10 T+e lengt+ o! t+e !ield 2not

counting t+e attri)ute )te3 is speci!ied0 -iterals can )e speci!ied

*it+in /uotesL t+ese c+aracter data is !or an output !ield0 It is

used to de!ine la)els and titles !or t+e screen and keep t+em

independent o! t+e program0

4



3



Sam#le Screen layout

T+e a)ove de!ines t+e screen laout as given )elo*<

ITEM @?MBER <=nnnnnnnn

+ere

&6 Is t+e .ttri)ute c+aracter

n6 Is unprotected numeric @ Is Cursor

4



4



D-H"D-"acro -or The Aboe 3ayout

Define a field and its characteristics

!*am#le

'FHM'F P,S2ll>cc3> A

[email protected] @o0 <6> A .TTRB.SDIP> A

-E@GTH#5

C?ST@, 'FHM'F P,S2ll>cc3>

A

.TTRB2?@PR,T>@?M>FSET>IC3> A

?STIFJRIGHT> A

PICI@$2K36> A

PIC,?T$2K36> A

-E@GTHK



Attribute character

-unction:

T+e attri)ute c+aracter is an invisi)le #")te c+aracter> *+ic+precedes a screen !ield and determines t+e c+aracteristics o! a!ield0

AS1I .utoskip0 'ata cannot )e entered in t+is !ield0 T+e cursor skips to t+e ne:t !ield0

+OT Protected !ield0 'ata cannot )e entered into t+is !ield0 I! data is entered> it *ill cause t+e input"in+i)it status0

4,+OT ?nprotected !ield0 'ata can )e entered and t+is is used!or all input !ields0

,4" @umeric !ield0 ,nl num)ers 2& to $3 and special c+aracters20 and "3 are allo*ed0

4



6



Attribute character (Contd//)

B+T Brig+t displa o! a !ield 2+ig+lig+t30

,O+" @ormal displa0

D+1 'ark displa0

IC Insert cursor 0 T+e cursor *ill )e positioned in t+is !ield0 Incase> IC is speci!ied more t+an once> t+e cursor is placed int+e last !ield0

-S!T Field set0 M'T is set on so t+at t+e !ield data is to )e sent!rom t+e terminal to t+e +ost computer regardless o!

*+et+er t+e !ield is actuall modi!ied ) t+e user0

4



7



"odified Data Ta$

-unction:

Modi!ied 'ata Tag 2M'T3 is a one )it o! t+e attri)utec+aracter 0 I! it is o!! 2&3> it indicates t+at t+e terminaloperator +as not modi!ied t+e !ield0 I! it is on 2#3> it

indicates t+at t+e operator +as modi!ied t+is !ield0 ,nl*+en M'T is on> t+e data o! t+e !ield *ill )e sent ) t+eterminal +ard*are to t+e +ost computer 0 .n e!!ectiveuse o! M'T drasticall reduces t+e amount o! datatra!!ic in t+e communication line and t+us improvesper!ormance0

Three ays of settin$ and resettin$ the "DT/

#0 Terminal user modi!ies a !ield on t+e screen> it isautomaticall set to # 2on3 ) t+e terminal +ard*are0

48



"odified Data Ta$ (Contd// )

10 I! C@T-FRSET is speci!ied in t+e 'FHMS' or 'FHM'Imacro> *+en t+e mapset or t+e map is sent to t+e terminal>M'T *ill )e reset to & 2o!!3 i0e0 not modi!ied !or all t+e

!ields o! t+e mapset or t+e map0

40 I! FSET is speci!ied in t+e .TTRB parameter o! t+e'FHM'F macro !or a !ield> *+en t+e map is sent to t+eterminal> M'T *ill )e set to #0 2on i0e0 modi!ied3 !or t+e !ieldregardless o! *+et+er t+e !ield +as )een modi!ied ) t+eterminal user0

4



9



S'i##er Techniue

• ?nla)elled #")te !ield *it+ t+e autos'i# attri)ute

• D-H"D- OS(ll>cc)>ATT+B;AS1I>3!,2TH;6

• To skip t+e cursor to t+e ne:t unprotected !ield a!ter oneunprotected !ield0

• Screen -aout <

&*****& &**

*+ere

Skipper !ield

= .ttri)ute )te

A ?nprotected !ield

5



0



Sto##er Techniue

• ?nla)elled #")te !ield *it+ t+e #rotect attri)ute

• D-H"D- OS(ll>cc)>ATT+B;+OT>3!,2TH;6

• To stop t+e cursor in order to prevent erroneous !ield over!lo* )

terminal user0

• Screen -aout <

&*****&&

*+ere

Stopper !ield

5



1



-ormat Of the Symbolic "a#

Format of Symbolic Map

• ,nce t+e sm)olic map is assem)led and is placed in

t+e C,PJ li)rar> t+e C,B,- C,PJ statement can )e

used to include it in t+e application program0

• T+e sm)olic map starts *it+ t+e &# level de!inition o!

t+e map name speci!ied in t+e 'FHM'I macro *it+ t+e

su!!i: I6 !or t+e input map and t+e su!!i: ,6 !or t+e

output map0

• @e:t is t+e de!inition o! FI--ER PIC A2#13> *+ic+ is t+e

TI,. pre!i: created ) t+e TI,.PFAJES o! t+e 'FHMS'

macroL t+is is re/uired ) t+e BMS under t+e CICS

command level0 5



2



-ormat Of the Symbolic "a#(Contd//)

For eac+ !ield name 2# to ; c+aracters3 speci!ied in t+e

'FHM'F macro> BMS creates t+ree !ields !or inputs and

t+ree !ields !or outputs> ) placing one c+aracter su!!i: to

t+e original !ield name0 T+e meaning o! t+ese !ields are

given )elo*<

• ,ame E 3< T+e +al!"*ord )inar 2PIC S$253 C,MP3

!ield0 For t+e input !ield> t+e actual num)er o!

c+aracters tped in t+e !ield *ill )e placed ) t+e BMS

*+en t+e map is received0 For t+e output !ield> t+is isused !or t+e dnamic cursor positioning0

5



3



-ormat Of the Symbolic "a#(Contd//)

• ,ame E -< Flag Bte0 For t+e input !ield> it *ill )eA6K&6 i! t+e !ield +as )een modi!ied )ut no data issent 2i0e0 t+e !ield +as )een cleared30 ,t+er*ise t+is!ield is A6&&60

• ,ame E A< T+e .ttri)ute )te !or )ot+ input andoutput !ields0

• ,ame E I< T+e input data !ield0 A6&&6 *ill )e

placed i! no data is entered0 @ote t+at space A65&6is data0 T+e application program s+ould di!!erentiateA6&&6 !rom space 2A65&630

• ,ame E O< T+e output data !ield0

5



4



! * a m#le Of S y mbolic " a #

&# EMPRECI0

&1 FI--ER PIC A2#130

&1 [email protected] PIC S$253 C,MP0

&1 [email protected] PIC A0

&1 FI--ER RE'EFI@ES [email protected]

&4 EMP@. . PIC A0

&1 [email protected] PIC A21#30

&# EMPREC, RE'EFI@ES EMPRECI0&1 FI--ER PIC A2#130

&1 FI--ER PIC A2&430

&1 EMP@., PIC A21#30

5



5



Cursor ositionin$ Techniues

CICS provides multiple *as o! to speci! *+ere toposition t+e cursor on t+e screen0 T+e cursor positioningis important to prompt an user o! an entr +e +as tomake> or to point to an error *+ic+ +as occurred duringediting t+e user entries0

• Static #ositionin$ 2.c+ieved t+ru Map de!inition .TTRIBIC30

!*am#le : 'FHM'F

P,S27>K3>ATT+B;(?@PR,T>FSET>IC3>-E@GTH#&

5



6



Cursor ositionin$ Techniues(Contd//)

• Dynamic%Symbolic ositionin$0

T+e cursor is placed dnamicall t+roug+ anapplication program ) moving "# to t+esm)olic map !ield"lengt+ !ield 2i0e0 !ieldname U-3 !or t+e !ield *+ere t+e cursor is to )e placed0T+e SE@' M.P command must )e issued *it+t+e C?RS,R option 2*it+out value30 .lso> t+emapset s+ould )e coded *it+ M,'EI@,?T int+e 'FHMS' macro0 T+is approac+ is veruse!ul *+en t+e cursor is to )e placed at t+e!ield *+ere data entr error +as )een detected) t+e data edit routine0

5



7




!*am#le Of Dynamic Cursor ositionin$/

0O+1I,2)STO+A2! S!CTIO,0

<

C,PJ M.PSET#

&# M.PSET#I

&7 FI--ER PIC A2%30

&7 FIE-'#- PIC A2730

&7 FIE-'#F PIC A0&7 FIE-'#I PIC A0

5



8

C i i i T h i




(+OC!D4+! DI.ISIO,/

< M,9E V# T, FIE-'-0

EAEC CICS SE@' M.P2M.P#63

M.PSET2M.PSET#63

C?RS,RER.SE

E@'"EAEC0

T+e cursor *ill )e placed at FIE-'# !ield o! t+e mapduring e:ecution0

5

9



9




Dynamic%+elatie ositionin$ (a##lication #ro$ram)

T+e cursor is placed dnamicall t+roug+ an application programusing t+e C?RS,R2data"value3 option in t+e SE@' M.P

command *it+ t+e value o! t+e relative position 2starting !romero3 o! t+e terminal0 .t t+e completion o! t+e SE@' M.Pcommand> t+e map *ill )e displaed *it+ t+e cursor placed att+e speci!ied position> overriding t+e static cursor positionde!ined at t+e map de!inition time0

6

0



0




!*am#le EAEC CICS SE@'

M.P2M.P#63

M.PSET2M.PSET#63

C?RS,R2#&&3

ER.SEE@'"EAEC0

T+e cursor *ill )e placed at FIE-'# !ield o! t+e map M.P#during e:ecution0

6

1



1



Interfacin$ ith a Terminalu s in$ a " a #

T+e BMS maps are used in t+e application programs !or

t+e actual terminal input(output operation0 T+ese

operations are per!ormed ) a set o! CICS commands

!or BMS0

T+e !ollo*ing are t+e three basic functionsper!ormed ) CICS commands<

"a# Sendin$ function V using t+e data in t+e sm)olic map>

BMS prepares t+e output @M'S> t+e corresponding p+sical

map> and sends to t+e terminal0

"a# +eceiin$ -unction V using t+e input @'MS !rom t+e

terminal> BMS prepares data in t+e sm)olic map t+roug+ t+e

corresponding p+sical map0

Te*t Handlin$ -unction V BMS prepares te:t *it+out using a

map and sends to t+e terminal06

2



2

I t f i ith T i l



Interfacin$ ith a Terminalu s in$ a " a# (Contd.. )

-lo of Information from F75 Terminal and the A##lication ro$ram/

A##licationro$ram

Send "a#Command

A##licationro$ram

+eceie "a#Command

I t f i ith T i l



Interfacin$ ith a Terminalu s in$ a " a# (Contd.. )

T+e !ollo*ing are t+e availa)le commands<

• RECEI9E M.P < To receive a map • SE@' M.P < To send a map • SE@' C,@TR,- < To send a control !unction to t+e

terminal

• SE@' TEAT < To send a te:t • SE@' P.GE < To send t+e accumulated te:t or

maps as a logical message

6

4



4



+ ec e i e " a# C o mm a nd

+!C!I.! "A Command is used to receive input !rom a terminal0 .t t+e completion o! t+e command> t+e sm)olic map *ill containvalid data !rom t+e terminal in t+e !ollo*ing t+ree !ields as per eac+!ield de!ined ) t+e 'FHM'F macro<

Field name U - < T+e lengt+ !ield> *+ic+ contains t+e actualnum)er o! c+aracters> tped in t+e screen!ield0

Field name U F < T+e Flag Bte *+ic+ is normall A6&&60 It *ill)e A6K&6 i! t+e !ield +as )een modi!ied )ut

cleared0

Field name U I < T+e actual input data !ield0 A6&&6 *ill )e placedi! no data is entered0

65

+ i " C d



+eceie "a# Command(Contd//)

Synta*: EAEC CICS +!C!I.!

"A( [email protected]

"A([email protected]

W SET2P,I@TER3XI@T,2'[email protected] Y

W -E@GTH2MSG"-E@3Y

W H.@'-E X @,H.@'-E Y

W RESP23 Y

E@'"EAEC0

• Conditions: I@9REQ> M.PF.I-

6

6



6

+ i " C d




"A speci!ied t+e name o! t+e M.P de!ined t+ru 'FHM'I

command > *+ic+ descri)es t+e screen details0

"AS!T speci!ied t+e name o! t+e M.PSET de!ined t+ru 'FHMS'

command *+ic+ includes t+e M.P0

I,TO is used to speci! t+e area in t+e *orking storage section to

*+ic+ t+e data !rom t+e terminal is to )e placed0

S!T is used *+en t+e address pointer is to )e set to t+e address o!

t+e sm)olic map 2) CICS3 so t+at t+e application program can

directl re!er to t+e record *it+out moving t+e record content into t+e

*orking storage area de!ined in t+e program0

67

+ i " C d




+!S *ill )e used ) CICS to place a response code at acompletion o! t+e command0

HA,D3! is used to trans!er control to t+e procedure la)elspeci!ied i! t+e e:ceptional condition speci!ied occurs0

,OHA,D3! *ill cause no action to )e taken !or an e:ceptionalcondition occurring during e:ecution o! t+e CICS command0

Conditions : I,."S= > I,.+!G+ > 3!,2!++> "A-AI3

M.PF.I- is set *+en t+e data )eing mapped +as a lengt+o! ero0 It occurs *+en t+e !ollo*ing kes are pressed inresponse to t+e RECEI9E M.P command< C-E.R or .ttention Des = E@TER or PF kes *it+out enteringdata0

6

8



8



S!,D "A Command

T+e SE@' M.P command is used to send !ormatted output toa terminal0 Be!ore issuing t+is command> t+e applicationprogram must prepare t+e data in t+e sm)olic map o! t+emap to )e sent> *+ic+ +as t+e !ollo*ing t+ree !ields per eac+!ield de!ined ) t+e 'FHM'F macro<

,ame E 3< T+e lengt+ !ield> !or *+ic+ t+e applicationprogram need not prepare e:cept *+en used !or t+e dnamiccursor positioning0

,ame E A< T+e .ttri)ute )te !or output !ields0 .pplication program *ill use it !or dnamic cursor positioning0

,ame E O< T+e actual output data !ield> *+ere t+eapplication program places t+e data0

69



S ! , D " A C om m a n d (Contd//)

EAEC CICS S!,D "A(2M.P#3

M.PSET2M.PSET#3 Y

WFR,M2'[email protected] Y> W'.T.,@-JY XM.P,@-JY>

W C?RS,R29.-?E3 Y>W FREEDB Y > W ER.SE Y > W FRSET Y >

W H.@'-E X @,H.@'-E Y >

W RESP 2'[email protected] Y

E@'"EAEC0

• Conditions < I@9REQ>-E@GERR

7

0



0




"A speci!ied t+e name o! t+e M.P de!ined t+ru 'FHM'I command

> *+ic+ descri)es t+e screen details0

"AS!T speci!ied t+e name o! t+e M.PSET de!ined t+ru 'FHMS'

command *+ic+ includes t+e M.P0

"AO,3 is used *+en no data !rom our program is to )e merged

into t+e map0

DATAO,3 is used *+en onl t+e data !rom t+e program is to )e

sent to t+e screen0 T+e constants in t+e map are not sent0

71




-+O" is used to speci! t+e area in t+e *orking storage section

!rom *+ic+ t+e data is to )e sent to t+e terminal0

7

2





A ID 1! S

First time *+en a transaction is initiated t+e application programt+ro*s t+e screen image on t+e terminal t+ru SE@' M.P command0,nce t+e screen appears> t+e .I' 2.ttention Identi!ier 3 Des are)eing used to send t+e in!ormation )ack !rom t+e terminal to CICS toapplication program0 CICS application program needs to trap t+e

attention identi!ier kes and process various !unctions related to t+e .I' kes0

Salient oints

• - 'eys> A 'eys> !,T!+ & C3!A+ 'ey

• !IBAID in t+e CICS E:ecutive Inter!ace Block contains> recentlused .I' ke0

73



A ID 1 ! S (Contd//)

• D-HAID V CICS Sstem cop)ook *+ic+ stores t+e values o!t+e EIB.I' !ield !or t+e various .I' kes0 Flo* < ?ser +its

.I' ke V Control goes to CICS V To .pplication program0EIB.I' contains in!ormation a)out t+e last .I' ke pressed0Program compares EIB.I' to t+e 'FH.I' !ield andper!orms processing logic as per t+e .I' ke pressed0

• HA,D3! AID esta)lis+ t+e routines t+at are to )e invoked*+en t+e aid is detected ) a RECEI9E M.P command0

Synta* : EAEC CICS H.@'-E .I'

,ption 2la)el3

E@'"EAEC

Conditions : I,.+!G

7

4





Screen Desi$n Considerations

-unctional Screen Desi$n • Screen laout s+ould )e similar to source *+ere terminal

users enter data0

• Screen id s+ould )e placed at t+e top rig+t corner o! a

screen0 T+is +elps at pro)lem determination time0

• Screen title and !ield descriptions s+ould )e sel!"e:planator0Instructions s+ould )e concise0

7

5






Screen Desi$n Considerations(Contd//)

• -arge !ields can )e )roken into a num)er o! small !ields0 E0g0t+e !ield contact in!ormation can )e split into contactnum)ers> email ids and postal address0

• In case o! repeated !ields or group o! !ields> se/uencenum)ers +elps0

• Error messages s+ould )e provided0 Pre!era)l t+e last !e*lines can )e used !or t+e error messages0

7

6





S c r ee n D esi$n C on s iderations

4ser-riendly Screen Desi$n

• Screens s+ould )e simple and !riendl0

• 'e!ault values in !ields +elps in reducing kestrokes ) t+eusers0 .lso> in case t+e user !orgets to enter a !ield data>

de!aults values are assigned according to t+e !ield0• Calculations s+ould )e done ) program and not ) users0

• T+e cursors s+ould )e placed in t+e appropriate !ields0

• Hig+lig+t t+e error !ield0 ?sing a di!!erent colour or )linkingt+e error !ield can ac+ieve t+is0 T+is ena)les users to identi!

t+e erroneous !ield easil0

7

7






Screen Desi$n Considerations( C o n t d// )

• .larm sound can )e used !or error entries0

• Provide suita)le +elp messages !or erroneous entries0 T+e+elp message s+ould )e instructive and kind and s+ould not)e rude0

• Provide +elp on !ields and t+eir meanings0 ?sing an attentionke !or a +elp menu> *+ic+ +as details on eac+ !ield> makesa screen user"!riendl0

Artistic Screen Desi$n

• . simple screen laout is al*as pre!erred0• Proper use o! indentations> spaces> and lines makes ascreen look good0

7

8






Screen Desi$n Considerations( C o n t d// )

• Colour can +elp in improving t+e screen designL +o*ever t+ecolour used s+ould )e in accordance *it+ t+e norms andstandards !ollo*ed0

Considerations for Human !rrors

• Important and use!ul !ields can )e placed at t+e top part o!t+e screen0

• Related !ields can )e grouped toget+er0

• Protected !ields s+ould )e skipped automaticall0 T+is

reduces manual skipping and is pre!erred0• Skipper(Stopper tec+ni/ues can )e used at appropriateplaces0

7

9





!*ercise 6

E:ercise " #

8

0





CICS -ile rocessin$Techniues

8

1





CICS .S -I3! +OC!SSI,2

File +andling in CICS is ac+ieved t+ru a set o! !ile +andlingcommands0 It is essential to kno* t+e various !ile +andlingcommands !or application programming0

File Speci!ic !unctions to )e per!ormed are t+e !ollo*ing0

• 'e!ining a speci!ic !ile to t+e CICS sstem0

• Reading a !ile se/uentiall

• Reading a De Se/uenced !ile randoml

• Reading a !ile se/uentiall starting !rom a speci!ic point0

• Reading and ?pdating a record• 'eleting a Record0

• Handle an errors t+at occur during !ile processing

8

2





CICS .S -I3! +OC!SSI,2

iles do not need to e!clusi"ely

de#ined in Application

programs$ The #iles do not need

to opened and closed in a CICS

application program % &e#ore &eing used in the program$

Application programs do not need

The ' Section% and the Input utput

Section$ Application program directly*e#er to #ilenames in +,+C CICS

Command$



CICS

C-L

+,+C CICS *+A'

'ATAS+T (.IL+ I'+/TII+*)

I/T (*+C*' /AM+)

*I'0L' (record0key)+/'0+,+C$

+,+C CICS 1*IT+

'ATAS+T (.ile identi#ier2)

*M (*ecord0/ame)

*I'0L' (*ecord0 key)

+/'0+,+C$

8

4





.SA"

'i!!erent tpes o! 9S.M 'atasets used in CICS are <

• ES'S Entr Se/uenced 'ataset• DS'S De Se/uenced 'ataset

• RR'S Relative Record 'ataset

8

5





Serices roided By CICS

• Basic ,perations re/uired !or a !ile are

.dding a Record0

Modi!ing an E:isting Record0

'eleting an E:isting Record0

Bro*sing ,ne or Selected or .ll Records0

• In .ddition> CICS Provides

E:clusive Control0 2Record -evel -ocking30

'ata Independence0

ournaling0

,pening and closing Files0

8

6



f



Definin$ -iles

• In CICS> !iles cannot )e created0 Files can )e created usingI'C.MS ?tilit0

• Re"inde:ing> Creating ne* inde:es> etc0 s+ould )e done usingI'C.MS ,nl0

8

7



D fi i A -il i CICS



Definin$ A -ile in CICS

• Files s+ould )e de!ined in FCT 2File Control Ta)le30

• FCT *ill contain all t+e In!ormation a)out a !ile 2like datasetname> access met+ods> permissi)le !ile service re/uest> etc03

• 'e!ining !iles can )e done eit+er ) CE'. Transaction or'FHFCT Macro0

8

8



S t f D-H-CT "



Synta* of D-H-CT "acro

'FHFCT TJPEFI-E>.CCMETH9S.M>

'[email protected]@.ME>

SER9RQ2.''>BR,SE>'E-ETE>RE.'>?P'.TE3>

[email protected]'>,PE@E'3

8

9





-ile Handlin$ in ro$rams

• Files s+ould not )e de!ined in t+e Program0

• Program s+ould not open or close a File0

• Records can )e *ritten in an order 0 . num)er o! records can )e

added at a time0

• Records can )e inserted> updated or deleted0

9

0



I t t 1 0 d



Im#ortant 1ey0ords

• Dataset%-ile <" @ame in t+e FCT0

• Into%-rom (0S+ec) <" orking"Storage .rea de!ined in t+e

program *+ere t+e CICS Puts(Gets t+e 'ata0

• +ID-3D <" Contains t+e Record De0

• +!S <" Contains t+e return code o! t+e e:ecuted

command0

• 3!,2TH <" -engt+ o! t+e Record to )e Retrieved or ritten0

9

1



+ d +!AD



+andom +!AD

EAEC CICS +!AD File2!ilename3

WSET23 X Into23Y

RId!ld2Rec"De3

E@'"EAEC0

Condition: 'IS.B-E'> @,T,PE@> @,TF@'> -E@GERR>

'?PDEJ> I,ERR0

9

2



! l f + d + d



!*am#le for +andom +ead

EAEC CICS RE.'

File2 [email protected] O3

Into2S"[email protected]"REC3

-engt+2S"[email protected]"-E@3RId!ld2O;#47$7&%&1O3 XRId!ld2S"[email protected]"DEJ3

E@'"EAEC0

9

3



Seuential +ead



Seuential +ead

• Se/uential Read is done ) Bro*se ,per0

• Esta)lis+ t+e pointer to t+e First Record to )e Read ?singStartBr0

• @e:t and Previous Records can )e Read as re/uired ?singRead@e:t and ReadPrev0

• End t+e Bro*se ,peration at last0

• Bro*se can )e re"positioned0

• 'uring Bro*se ,peration> Records cannot )e ?pdated0

9

4



S t f STA+TB+



Synta* for STA+TB+

EAEC CICS STA+TB+

FI-E2!ilename3

RI'F-'2data"area3E@'"EAEC0

Condition < 'IS.B-E'> I,ERR> @,TF@'> @,T,PE@0

9

5



+eadin$ the +ecord afterSTA+TB+



STA+TB+

• Se/uentiall t+e @e:t or Previous Record can )e read ) a

RE.'@EAT or RE.'PRE90

• T+e !irst RE.'@EAT or RE.'PRE9 *ill read t+e Record

*+ere t+e ST.RTBR +as positioned t+e File Pointer0

9

6



Synta* of +!AD,e*t%+!ADre



Synta* of +!AD,e*t%+!ADre

EAEC CICS +!AD,e*t +!ADre

FI-E2name3

I@T,2data"area3XSET2ptr"re!3

RI'F-'2data"area3

E@'"EAEC0

Condition < '?PDEJ> E@'FI-E> I,ERR> -E@GERR> @,TF@'0

9

7



!,DB+ose



!,DB+ose

• E@'BRo*se terminates a Previousl issued ST.RTBR0

• S,TA< <

EAEC CICS !,DB+

FI-E2!ilename3

E@'"EAEC0

Condition: I@9REQ

9

8



+!S!TB+



+!S!TB+

• Its e!!ect is t+e same as E@'BR and t+en giving anot+er

ST.RTBR0

• Synta* <

EAEC CICS +!S!TB+FI-E2!ilename3

RI'F-'2data"area3

E@'"EAEC0

Condition< I,ERR> @,TF@'0

9

9



0+IT! Command



0+IT! Command

• .dds a ne* record into t+e File0

• For ES'S> RI'F-' is not used )ut a!ter *rite e:ecution> RB.

value is returned and Record *ill )e *ritten at t+e end o! t+eFile0

• For DS'S> RI'F-' s+ould )e t+e Record De0 T+e record *ill)e *ritten depending on t+e De0

• M.SSI@SERTion must )e done in ascending order o! t+e

De0

10

0



Synta* for 0+IT!



Synta* for 0+IT!

EAEC CICS RITE

FI-E2!ilename3

FR,M2data"area3

RI'F-'2data"area3

E@'"EAEC0

Condition: 'IS.B-E'> '?PREC> I,ERR> -E@GERR>

@,SP.CE> @,T,PE@0

10

1



+!0+IT! Command



+!0+IT! Command

• ?pdates a Record *+ic+ is Previousl Read *it+ ?P'.TE

,ption0

• RERITE automaticall ?@-,CDs t+e Record a!ter

e:ecution0

10

2



Synta* for +!0+IT!



Synta* for +!0+IT!

EAEC CICS RERITE

FI-E2!ilename3

FR,M2data"area3

E@'"EAEC0

Condition< '?PREC> I,ERR> -E@GERR> @,SP.CE0

10

3



D!3!T! Command



D!3!T! Command

• 'eletes a Record !rom a dataset0

• Record can )e deleted in t*o *as>

#0 RI'F-' *it+ t+e !ull ke in it

10 T+e record read *it+ RE.' *it+ ?P'.TE *ill )edeleted0

• Multiple Records 'elete is possi)le using Generic ,ption0

10

4



Synta* of D!3!T!



y

EAEC CICS 'E-ETE

FI-E2!ilename3

RI'F-'2data"area3 ,ptional

E@'"EAEC0

Condition: 'IS.B-E'> '?PDEJ> I,ERR> @,TF@'>

@,T,PE@0

10

5



4,3OC1



4,3OC1

• To Release t+e Record *+ic+ +as )een locked ) RE.' *it+

?P'.TE Command0

• Synta* <

EAEC CICS ?@-,CDFI-E2!ilename3

<

Wot+er optionsY

E@'"EAEC0

Condition< 'IS.B-E'> I,ERR> @,T,PE@0

10

6



2eneral !*ce#tions



#

• T+e !ollo*ing e:ceptions usuall *ill occur !or A33 CICS !ile+andling commands0

FI-E@,TF,?@'>

@,T.?TH>SJSI'ERR>

I@9REQ

10

7





CICS !rror Handlin$rocedures

10

8



!rror Handlin$ in CICS



o a d $ C CS

ossible !rrors:

• Conditions t+at arenOt normal !rom CICSOs point o! vie* )ut

t+at are e:pected in t+e program0

• Conditions caused ) user errors and input data errors0

• Conditions caused ) omissions or errors in t+e application

code0

• Errors caused ) mismatc+es )et*een applications and

CICS ta)les> generation parameters and C-

• Errors related to +ard*are or ot+er sstem conditions )eond

t+e control o! an application program0

10

9



!rror Handlin$ methods



$

+en t+e error 2e:ceptional conditions3 occur> t+e program can

do an o! t+e !ollo*ing

• Take no action = let t+e program continue " Control returns to

t+e ne:t inst0 !ollo*ing t+e command t+at +as !ailed to e:ecute0

. return code is set in EIBRESP and EIBRC,'E0 T+is state

occurs cause o! NO H.@'-E (RESP(IG@,RE conditions

• Pass control to a speci!ied la)el " Control goes to a la)el in t+e

program de!ined earlier ) a H.@'-E C,@'ITI,@ command0

• Rel on t+e sstem de!ault action " Sstem *ill terminate orsuspend t+e task depends on t+e e:ceptional condition occurred

11

0



!rror Handlin$ methods(Contd//)



( )

• H.@'-E C,@'ITI,@ conditionW2la)el3Y000 OconditionO speci!iest+e name o! t+e condition> and Ola)elO speci!ies t+e location*it+in t+e program to )e )ranc+ed

• Remains active *+ile t+e program is e:ecuting or until itencounters IG@,RE(anot+er H.@'-E condition0

• Synta* <EAEC CICS HA,D3! CO,DITIO,

ERR,R2ERRH.@'-3-E@GERR2-E@GRT@3

E@'"EAEC

T+is e:ample +andles '?PREC condition separatel> all t+eot+er Errors toget+er 0 -E@GERR *ill )e +andled ) sstem

11

1



HA,D3! Condition



!*am#le of Handle condition<

EAEC CICS HA,D3! CO,DITIO,

@,TF@'2REC,R'"@,T"F,?@'3

E@'"EAEC

This condition catches the /T/' condition and trans#ers control to the

*+C0/T0 3/' paragraph in the program$ The error handling logic can &e

coded in the *+C0/T0/' paragraph$

11

2



A lt e r n atie t o H a n d le co n dition



• @,H.@'-E to speci! no action to )e taken !or an condition orattention identi!ier 2.I'3

• RESP2:::3 Z:::Z is a user"de!ined !ull *ord )inar data area0 ,nreturn !rom t+e command> it contains a return code0 -ater> it can)e tested ) means o! 'FHRESP as !ollo*s>

I! :::'FHRESP2@,SP.CE3 000 or

I! :::'FHRESP2@,RM.-3 000

11

3



I2,O+! C o ndition



• IG@,RE C,@'ITI,@ condition 000

• condition6 speci!ies t+e name o! t+e condition t+at is to )e

ignored2 no action *ill )e taken3

• Synta* <EAEC CICS I2,O+! CO,DITIO,

ITEMERR

-E@GERR

E@'"EAEC

• T+is command *ill not take an actions i! t+e given t*o error

occurs and *ill pass t+e control to t+e ne:t instruction

11

4



Sam#le #ro$ram to use Handlecondition



Here is an e:ample o! t+e CICS" C,B,- code *it+ proper +andling o! errors

rocedure Diision/EAEC CICS HA,D3! CO,DITIO,

@,T"F@'2REC"@,T"F,?@'3

E@' EAEC0

<

EAEC CICS RE.'

'.T.SET2S.MP-E3

RI'F-'2EMP"@,3I@T, 2EMP"REC3

E@'"EAEC

<

G, T, -.ST"P.RT

Sam#le #ro$ram to use Handlecondition (Contd//)



+!C,OT-O4,D

M,9E @,T",@"FI-E6 T, @.ME, 2 SJMB,-IC M.P

P.R.METER3

3ASTA+T/EAEC CICS SE@'

M.P 2TC&BM4#63

M.PSET2TC&BM4&63

FR,M 2TC&BM4#&63'.T.",@-J

E@'"EAEC

11

6



4SH & O



• To suspend all current H.@'-E C,@'ITI,@> IG@,REC,@'ITI,@> H.@'-E .I' and H.@'-E .BE@' commands0

• ?sed !or eg0 *+ile calling su)"pgms 2C.--30

• +ile receiving t+e control> a su)"program can suspend Handle

commands o! t+e called program using PUSH HAN!".

• +ile returning t+e control> it can restore t+e Handle commandusing P#P HAN!".

11

7



Synta* of ush & o#



• Synta* of ush <

EAEC CICS ush

Handle

E@'"EAEC0

• Synta* of o# <

EAEC CICS o#Handle

E@'"EAEC0

11

8



!<!C Interface Bloc' (!IB)



• CICS provides some sstem"related in!ormation to eac+ task asEAEC Inter!ace Block 2EIB3

• ?ni/ue to t+e CICS command level

!IBAID .ttention" Id 2# Bte3

!IBCA3!, -engt+ o! 'FHC,MM.RE. 2S$253 comp3

!IBDAT! 'ate *+en t+is task started 2S$2;3 comp"43

!IB-, Function Code o! t+e last command 2 1Btes3

!IB+COD! Response Code o! t+e last command 2%Btes3

!IBTAS1, Task num)er o! t+is task 2S$2;3 comp"43

!IBTI"! Time *+en t+is task started 2S$2;3 comp"43

!IBT+"ID Terminal"Id 2# to 5 c+ars3

!IBT+,ID Transaction"Id 2# to 5 c+ars311

9



rocessin$ ro$ram Table T



'FHPPT TJPEE@TRJ

PR,GR.M XM.PSET name

WPGM-.@G . S M XC,B,-XP-IY

WRES @,XFIAXJESY

<< ot+er options

<

Eg0

'FHPPT TJPEE@TRJ>PR,GR.MTEST>PGM-.@GC,B,-

12

0



CT !ntry



'FHPCT TJPEE@TRJ

TR.@SI' name

PR,GR.Mname

T.SDREQp!%

REST.RTes(no 2 TR.@SEC # to %53RS-DEJ # to 15 resource level ke

SCTJDEJ # to %5 securit ke

<

<

ot+er options

12

1





+O2+A" CO,T+O3

12

2



ro$ram Control Commands



• -I@D

• ACT-

• RET?R@• -,.'

• RE-E.SE

12

3



3I,1



• ?sed to pass control !rom one application program to anot+er

• T+e calling program e:pects control to )e returned to it

• 'ata can )e passed to t+e called program using C,MM.RE.

• I! t+e called program is not alread in main storage it is loaded

12

4



3I,1 Synta*



EAEC CICS 3I,1

PR,GR.M2name3

WC,MM.RE.2data"area3

W-E@GTH2data"value3YY

E@'"EAEC0

Conditions < PGMI'ERR> @,T.?TH> -E@GERR

12

5



< C T3



• To trans!er control !rom one application program to anot+er in

t+e same logical level

• T+e program !rom *+ic+ control is trans!erred is released

• 'ata can )e passed to t+e called program using C,MM.RE.

• I! t+e called program is not alread in main storage it is loaded

12

6



<CT3 Synta*



EAEC CICS <CT3PR,GR.M2name3


W-E@GTH2data"value3YY

E@'"EAEC0

Conditions < PGMI'ERR> @,T.?TH> -E@GERR

12

7



+ ! T4 + ,



• To return control !rom one application program to anot+er at a

+ig+er logical level or to CICS

• 'ata can )e passed using C,MM.RE. *+en returning to CICS

to t+e ne:t task

12

8



+ ! T4 + , Sy n t a *



EAEC CICS +!T4+,WTR.@SI'2name3


W-E@GTH2data"value3YYY

E@'"EAEC0

Conditions < I@9REQ> -E@GERR

12

9



CICS

P*4 A



LI/5 *+T3*/

P*)4 -

,CTL

Application ProgramLogic Levels

3O A D



• To load program(ta)le(map !rom t+e CICS 'FHRP- concatenationli)rar into t+e main storage

• ?sing load reduces sstem over+ead

• Synta* <

EAEC CICS -oad

Program2name3

WSET 2pointer"re!3Y

W-E@GTH 2data"area3Y

E@'"EAEC0

Condition < @,T.?TH> PGMI'ER

13

1



+ ! 3 ! A S !



• To RE-E.SE a loaded program(ta)le(map

• Synta* <

EAEC CICS RE-E.SE

PR,GR.M2name3

E@'"EAEC0

Conditions < PGMI'ERR> @,T.?TH> I@9REQ

13

2



C O " " A + ! A



• 'ata passed to called program using C,MM.RE. in -I@D andACT-

• Calling program " orking Storage de!inition

• Called program " -inkage section de!inition under

'FHC,MM.RE.

• Called program can alter data and t+is *ill automaticall

availa)le in calling program a!ter t+e RET?R@ command

2 need not use C,MM.RE. option in t+e return !or t+is

purpose 3

• EIBC.-E@ is set *+en C,MM.RE. is passed

13

3





Communication 0ithDatabases

13

4



C IC S D B7



• CICS provides inter!ace to 'B10• 'B1 re/uires CICS .ttac+ment Facilit to connect itsel! to

CICS

• CICS programs can issue commands !or SQ- services in order

to access t+e 'B1 data)ase0

EAEC SQ- !unction

WoptionsY

E@'"EAEC

13

5



perating system



'-6 *+4I/

CICS Attachment acility

'-6

'ata&ase

DB2 Database access by CICS136

+ CT ! n try



• T+e CICS"to"'B1 connection is de!ined ) creating andassem)ling t+e resource control ta)le 2RCT3

• T+e in!ormation in RCT is used to control t+e interactions

)et*een CICS = 'B1 resources

• 'B1 attac+ment !acilit provides a macro 2'S@CRCT3 to

generate t+e RCT0

• T+e RCT must )e link"edited into a li)rar t+at is accessi)le to

M9S

13

7



DB7 recom#iler



Source Program 2EAEC SQ-000

X EAEC CICS0003

'B1 Precompiler

X

CICS command translator X

Compile B C,B,-

X

-inkedit ) -inkage editor X

-oad Module

13

8





G4!4!S

13

9



Tr a n s ient da t a C o ntr o l

P id li ti it+ i ! ilit



• Provides application programmer *it+ a /ueuing !acilit• 'ata can )e stored(/ueued !or su)se/uent internal or e:ternal

processing

• Stored data can )e routed to sm)olic destinations

• T'Qs re/uire a 'CT entr

• Identi!ied ) 'estination id " # to 5 )tes

14

0



T D Gs

I t titi d i ti it+i t+ CICS ) t



• Intra#artitioned " association *it+in t+e same CICS su)sstemTpical uses are

" .TI 2.utomatic Task Initiation3 associated *it+ trigger level

" Message s*itc+ing

" Broadcasting etc

• !*tra#artitioned " association e:ternal to t+e CICS su)sstem> Can

associate *it+ an se/uential device " Tape> '.S'> Printer etc

Tpical uses are

" -ogging data> statistics> transaction error messages

" Create !iles !or su)se/uent processing ) @on"CICS ( Batc+

programs0

141

T D Gs

O ti



• O#erations

rite data to a transient data /ueue 2RITEQ T'3

Read data !rom a transient data /ueue 2RE.'Q T'3

'elete an intra partition transient data /ueue 2'E-ETEQ T'30

14

2



0+IT!G TD

S t



• Synta* <EAEC CICS 0+IT!G TD

Q?E?E2name3

FR,M2data"area3

W-E@GTH2data"value3YWSJSI'2sstemname3Y

E@'"EAEC0

Conditions< 'IS.B-E'> I@9REQ> I,ERR> ISCI@9REQ>-E@GERR> @,SP.CE> @,T.?TH> @,T,PE@> QI'ERR>SJSI'ERR

14

3



+ ! A DG TD

Reads t+e /ueue destructivel 'ata record not availa)le in t+e



• Reads t+e /ueue destructivel " 'ata record not availa)le in t+e/ueue a!ter t+e read0

• Synta* <

EAEC CICS +!ADG TD

Q?E?E2name3

[I@T,2data"area3 X SET2ptr"re!3 \

W-E@GTH2data"value3Y

W@,S?SPE@'Y

E@'"EAEC0

Conditions < 'IS.B-E'> I,ERR> I@9REQ> ISCI@9REQ>

-E@GERR> @,T.?TH> @,T,PE@> QB?SJ> QI'ERR> QER,>SJSI'ERR

14

4



D! 3 ! T ! G TD

'eletes all entries in t+e /ueue



• 'eletes all entries in t+e /ueue• Synta* <

EAEC CICS 'E-ETEQ T'

Q?E?E2name3

E@'"EAEC0

Conditions< I@9REQ> ISCI@9REQ> @,T.?TH>

QI'ERR> SJSI'ERR

14

5



D esti na tion Contr o l T ab le

• 'CT is to register t+e in!ormation o! all T'Qs



• 'CT is to register t+e in!ormation o! all T'Qs• 'estination Control Program 2'CP3 uses 'CT to identi! all

T'Qs and per!orm all I(, operations0

• 'FH'CT is a macro to de!ine intra = e:tra partition T'Qs

TJPEI@TR.(EATR.

• RE?SE option speci!ied along *it+ intra partition T'Q tells

*+et+er t+e space used ) T'Q record *ill )e removed =

reused a!ter it +as )een read0

14

6



A u tomatic T as' I n itiation

• Facilit t+roug+ *+ic+ a CICS transaction can )e initiated



• Facilit t+roug+ *+ic+ a CICS transaction can )e initiatedautomaticall

'FH'CT TJPEI@TR.

'ESTI'MSGS

TR.@SI'MS#

TRIG-E97&&

+en t+e num)er o! T'Q records reac+es 7&&> t+e

transaction MS# *ill )e initiated automaticall

• .pplications

Message s*itc+ing = Report printing

14

7



T e m # orar y S tora$ e C ontrol

• Provides application programmer t+e a)ilit to store and retrieve



• Provides application programmer t+e a)ilit to store and retrievedata in a TSQ

• .pplication can use t+e TSQ like a scratc+ pad

• TSQs are

" Created and deleted dnamicall

" @o CICS ta)le entr re/uired i! recover not re/uired

" Identi!ied ) Queue id " # to K )tes

" Tpicall a com)ination o! termid(tranid(operid

• Eac+ record in TSQ identi!ied ) relative position> called t+e item

num)er

14

8



TSGs

O#erations



O#erationsrite and ?pdate data

Read data " Se/uential and random

'elete t+e /ueue

Access .cross transactions

V .cross terminals

Stora$e

Main " @on"recovera)le

.u:iliar " Recovera)le

TST entr re/uired> 9S.M !ile 'FHTEMP

14

9



TSGs Ty#ical uses



• 'ata passing among transactions

• Terminal Paging

• Report printing

15

0



0+IT!G TS

Synta* <



Synta* <EAEC CICS 0+IT!G TS

Q?E?E2name3

FR,M2data"area3

W-E@GTH2data"value3Y

W@?MITEMS2data"area3 X

ITEM2data"area3 WRERITEY Y

WM.I@X. ? AI-I . RJ Y

W@,S?SPE@'Y

E@'"EAEC0

Conditions < ITEMERR> -E@GERR> QI'ERR> @,SP.CE> @,T.?TH>

SJSI'ERR> I,ERR> I@9REQ> ISCI@9REQ

+ ! A DG TS

• Synta* <



Synta* <EAEC CICS +!ADG TS

Q?E?E2name3

[I@T,2data"area3 X SET2ptr"re!3 \

-E@GTH2data"value3W@?MITEMS2data"area3Y

WITEM2data"area3 X @EAT Y

E@'"EAEC0

Conditions < ITEMERR> -E@GERR> QI'ERR> @,T.?TH>SJSI'ERR> I,ERR> I@9REQ> ISCI@9REQ

15

2



D ! 3 ! T ! G TS

• 'eletes all entries in t+e /ueue



'eletes all entries in t+e /ueue• Synta* <

EAEC CICS D!3!T!G TS

Q?E?E2name3

E@'"EAEC0

Conditions< I@9REQ> ISCI@9REQ> @,T.?TH> QI'ERR>

SJSI'ERR

15

3





I,T!+.A3 & TAS1CO,T+O3

15

4



A S 1 TI " !

• ?sed to o)tain current date and time



• Synta* <

EAEC CICS AS1TI"!ABSTI"!(dataarea)J

E@'"EAEC0

• EIB'.TE and EIBTIME updated *it+ current date and time

• .BSTIME returns value o! time in packed decimal !ormat

15

5



-O+"ATTI"!

Synta* <EAEC CICS -O+"ATTI"! ABSTI"!(d t f)



yEAEC CICS -O+"ATTI"! ABSTI"!(dataref)

WJJ'''2data"area3Y

WJJMM''2data"area3Y000 etc0

W'.TE2data"area3 W'.TEF,RMW2data"area3YYY

W'.TESEPW2data"value3YY

W'.J,FM,@TH2data"area3Y

WM,@TH,FJE.R2data"area3Y

WJE.R2data"area3Y00000

WTIME2data"area3 WTIMESEPW2data"value3YYY

E@'"EAEC0

Condition: I@9REQ

D! 3 A

• ?sed to 'E-.J t+e processing o! a task! !



p g• T+e issuing task is suspended !or a speci!ied interval or ?ntil t+e

speci!ied time

• Synta* <

EAEC CICS D!3A

[email protected]++mmss3 X TIME2++mmss3

E@'"EAEC

Conditions: EAPIRE'> I@9REQ

15

7



ST A + T

• ?sed to start a transaction at t+e speci!ied terminal and at t+especi!ied time or interval



speci!ied time or interval

• 'ata can )e passed to t+e ne* transaction

• Synta* <

EAEC CICS STA+T

TR.@SI'2transid3

WTERMI'2termid3

TIME2++mmss3 X [email protected]++mmss3 Y

E@'"EAEC

Conditions < I@9REQ> -E@GERR>TERMI'ERR> TR.@SI'ERR

158

Other Interal Control Commands

• OST " to re/uest noti!ication *+en t+e speci!ied time +ase:pired



e:pired0

• 0AIT !.!,T " to *ait !or an event to occur0

• +!T+I!.! " ?sed to retrieve t+e data passed ) t+e ST.RT

• CA,C!3 "?sed to cancel t+e Interval Control re/uests0 eg0'E-.J>P,ST and ST.RT identi!ied ) REQI'0

• S4S!,D ?sed to suspend a task

• !,G to gain e:clusive control over a resource

• D,G to !ree t+e e:clusive control !rom t+e resource gained )

E@Q

15

9





+ecoery & +estart

16

0



T h e , e ed f o r + e co ery% +e st a rt

• T+e possi)le !ailures t+at can occur outside t+e CICS sstem areCommunication !ailures 2in online sstems3



Communication !ailures 2in online sstems3

'ata set or data)ase !ailures

.pplication or sstem program !ailures

Processor !ailures = Po*er suppl !ailures0

• Recover(Restart !acilities are re/uired to minimie or i! possi)le>

eliminate t+e damage done to t+e online sstem> in case o! t+e

a)ove !ailures to maintain t+e sstem = data integrit0

16

1



+ ! CO. ! +

• .n attempt to come )ack to *+ere t+e CICS sstem or t+etransaction *as *+en t+e !ailure occurred



transaction *as *+en t+e !ailure occurred

• +ecoerable +esources

9S.M !iles

Intrapartition T'Q

TSQ in t+e au:iliar storage

'.T. ta)les

Resource de!initions = Sstem de!inition !iles

16

2



+ ! ST A +T

• To resume t+e operation o! t+e CICS sstem or t+e transaction *+en



• To resume t+e operation o! t+e CICS sstem or t+e transaction *+en

t+e recover is completed

163

-acilities for + e c o e r y %+ es t a rt

-acilities for CICS +ecoery%+estart



• 'namic Transaction Backout

• .utomatic Transaction Restart

• Resource Recover ?sing Sstem -og

• Resource Recover ?sing ournal

• Sstem Restart

• E:tended Recover Facilit 2ARF3

16

4



D y na mi c Tr a ns acti o n Ba c' o u t( D T B )

• +en t+e transaction !ails> )acking out t+e c+anges made )

t+e transaction *+ile t+e rest o! t+e CICS sstem continues



normall is called 'TB

• CICS automaticall *rites t+e )e!ore image6 in!ormation o! t+e

record into t+e dynamic lo$ !or t+e duration o! one -? >t+e*ork )et*een t+e t*o consecutive SJ@C points

• +en an .BE@' occurs> CICS automaticall recovers all

recovera)le resources using t+e in!o0 in dnamic log 2Set

'TBJES in PCT3

16

5



3 4 0 & S, C #oint

• T+e period )et*een t+e start o! a particular set o! c+anges andt+e point at *+ic+ t+e are complete is called a logical unit o!



p p g

*ork " -?

• T+e end o! a logical unit o! *ork is indicated to CICS ) asnc+roniation point 2snc pt30

• Intermediate SJ@C pt0 can )e done )• Synta* <

EAEC CICS S,COI,T

WR,--B.CDY

E@'"EAEC

16

6



3 4 0s & S ,C #ts

X" " " " " " " " " " " " -? " " " " " " " " " XTask .X"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""X



Task .X X

S,T E,T"SP

X" " " -?" " X" " " -?" " X" " "-?" " X

Task BX""""""""""""""""N"""""""""""""""N""""""""""""""X

S,T SP SP E,T"SP

+en t+e !ailure occurs> c+anges made *it+in t+e a)ending

-? *ill )e )acked out0

16

7



A u tomati c Tr a ns ac tion +e s t a rt

• CICS capa)ilit to automaticall restart a transaction a!ter allresources are recovered t+roug+ 'TB



g

• I! t+e transaction re/uires automatic restart !acilit> set

REST.RTJES in PCT

• Care s+ould )e taken in order to restart t+e task at t+e point

*+ere 'TB completes in t+e case o! intermediate SJ@C point

16

8





ro$ram re#aration

16

9



Introduction

• Preparing a Program to run in CICS Environment0• 'e!ining t+e Program in t+e CICS Region0



g g g

• E:ecuting t+e Program0

17

0



preparation

S3*C+



'-6

P*+CMPIL+*

CICS

CMPIL+*

C-L

CMPIL+*

LI/5

+'IT

17

1



re#arin$ a ro$ram

CICS re/uires t+e !ollo*ing steps to prepare a program



• Translating t+e Program0

• .ssem)le or Compile t+e Translator ,utput0 =

• -ink t+e Program0

17

2



Tr a n s lation

• Translates t+e EAEC CICS6 Statements into t+e Statementsour -anguage 2C,B,-3 Compiler can ?nderstand0



• T+e Translator gives t*o outputs> a Program -isting as

SJSPRI@T and a Translated Source in SJSP?@CH0

• T+e SJSP?@CH is given as t+e input to t+e Program Compiler0

• I! an Cop Books are used in t+e Program> t+ere s+ould not )ean CICS Statements in t+e Cop Book0

17

3



Com#ilin$ or 3in'in$

• .s t+e CICS Commands +ave )een translated> t+e compilation



o! t+e CICS program is t+e same as language program0

• Hence> t+e compiler options can )e speci!ied as re/uired0

17

4



Definin$ the ro$ram

• T+e .pplication s+ould )e de!ined and installed into t+e PPT0



• T+is can )e done eit+er ) using CE'. trans or 'FHPPT0

17

5





CICS Su##lied Transactions

17

6



C ! S,% C !S- Tr a n s ac tions

• To sign on to CICS sstem• CES@ W?SERI'useridY W>PSpass*ordY

W @EPS dYW -.@G?.GE lY



W>@EPSne*pass*ordYW>-.@G?.GElY

• ?serid = pass*ord values can )e !rom #"K c+ars0

• In R.CF> t+e ?serid given in CES@ is veri!ied0

• @EPS to c+ange t+e pass*ord and -.@G?.GE to c+oosenational language

• Sign o!! ) CESF *+ic+ )reaks t+e connection )et*een t+e userand CICS

• I! t+e Sign on is done t*ice !or t+e same userid at t+e terminal>t+e previous operator *ill )e signed o!!

17

7



C!CI Command 3eel Inter#reter

• To )uild and test t+e e!!ect o! EAEC CICS commands

• CECI .SSIG@ is used to get t+e current userid>ssid> terminal id>

li ti id t



application id etc00

• Be!ore using t+e maps in programs> it can )e tested using CECI

to c+eck +o* it appears on t+e screen0

• CECI gives t+e complete command snta: o! t+e speci!iedcommand0

• CECI RE.'Q T' Q?E?E2TEST-&&#3 *ill read t+e current

record o! t+e given T'Q

17

8



C ! " T " a ster TerminalTr a n s a c tion

CEMT provides t+e !ollo*ing services



• 'isplas t+e status o! CICS = sstem resources

• .lter t+e status o! CICS = sstem resources

• Remove t+e installed resource de!initions

• Per!orm !e* !unctions t+at are not related to resources

17

9



C!D-!*ecution Dia$nostic-a c ility

• To test command level application programs interactivel• CE'F Wtermid(ssid(sessionidY W>,@(>,FFY

T id + id i!i ! + i l +i + + i



• Termid " t+e identi!ier o! t+e terminal on *+ic+ t+e transaction to

)e tested is )eing run

• Sessionid " To test(monitor a transaction attac+ed across an

MR,(ISC session• Ssid " To test a transaction across an .PPC session

18

0



C! D - (Contd//)

T+e points at *+ic+ E'F interrupts e:ecution o! t+e program andsends a displa to t+e terminal

• .t transaction initialiation> a!ter EIB +as )een initialied and



.t transaction initialiation> a!ter EIB +as )een initialied and)e!ore t+e app0 pgm given control

• Start o! e:ecution o! eac+ CICS command 2auguementvalues can )e c+anged at t+is point3

• End o! e:ecution o! eac+ CICS command and )e!ore t+eHandle condition mec+anism is invoked 2response codevalues can )e c+anged3

• .t program termination = at normal task termination

• +en an .BE@' occurs = at a)normal task termination0

• EIB values can )e c+anged00= CEBR can )e invoked

18

1



C!B+Tem#orary Stora$eB ro s e

• To )ro*se t+e contents o! CICS temporar storage /ueues

2TSQ3

• CEBR ) de!ault *ill s+o* t+e /ueue associated *it+ t+e current



• CEBR ) de!ault *ill s+o* t+e /ueue associated *it+ t+e current

terminal CEBR-&&#6 *+ic+ can )e overridden to vie* an ot+er

/ueue

• TERM to )ro*se TSQ !or anot+er terminal• Q?E?E to make t+e named /ueue> current

• P?T to cop t+e current /ueue contents into T'Q

• GET to !etc+ T'Q !or )ro*sing

• P?RGE erases t+e contents o! t+e current /ueue

18

2



!*ercise 7



E:ercise " 1

18

3





T+ank Jou18

4



Documents

29646761 Cics Mainframes