Slide 1
The First Philippine Republic
The First Philippine RepublicEstablished by the first Republican
Constitution in Asia in 1899The Constitution was written in Spanish
known as "Constitucin Poltica de MalolosFirst important document
produced by Filipino representatives
The First Philippine RepublicTable of Titles (15): The
RepublicThe GovernmentReligionThe Filipinos and Their National and
Individual RightsThe Legislative PowerThe Permanent CommissionThe
Executive PowerThe President of the RepublicThe Secretaries of
GovernmentThe Judicial Power
The First Philippine RepublicContTable of Titles (15):
Provincial and Popular AssembliesAdministration of the
StateAmendment of the ConstitutionConstitutional Observance, Oath
and LanguageTransitory ProvisionsThe First Philippine
RepublicHistorical InfluencesCartilla and Sangguniang
HukumanConstitution of Biak-na-BatoConstitution of the Island of
LuzonProvisional ConstitutionConstitutional Program of the
Philippine RepublicAutonomy projects
The First Philippine RepublicPreamble"Nosotros los
Representantes del Pueblo Filipino, convocados legtimamente para
establecer la justicia, proveer a la defensa comn, promover el bien
general y asegurar los beneficios de la libertad, implorando el
auxili del Soberano Legislador del Universo para alcanzar estos
fines, hemos votado, decretado y sancionado la siguiente" The First
Philippine RepublicImportant Features of the Malolos
Constitution:Sovereignty resides exclusively in the PeopleNational
and individual rights of Filipinos and aliensBill of RightsPopular,
representative and responsible governmentThree branches of the
governmentSeparation of Church and State
The First Philippine RepublicThe Executive BranchOfficial title
is President of the RepublicTerm of 4 yearsElected by the Assembly
(with reelection allowed)Has a Cabinet composed of seven
Secretaries of governmentThe First Philippine RepublicThe
Departments of GovernmentForeign Affairs (Apolinario Mabini, Leon
Ma. Guerrero)Interior (Teodoro Sandico, Severino de las
Alas)Finance (Mariano Trias, Hugo Ilagan)War and Navy (Baldomero
Aguinaldo, Mariano Trias)Public Instruction (Aguedo Velarde)Public
Communication and Works (Maximo Paterno)Agriculture, Industry and
Commerce (Leon Ma. Guerrero)
The First Philippine RepublicThe Judicial BranchJudicial power
was vested in the Supreme Court of Justice and in other courts
created by lawMembers of the Supreme Court of Justice as well as
the Office of the Solicitor General were appointed by the
AssemblyHas the power to apply laws in civil and criminal casesThe
First Philippine RepublicThe Legislative BranchUnicameralKnown as
the Assembly of RepresentativesTerm of four yearsIncluded the
Secretaries of government as members of the AssemblyAnnual session
for a period of at least three monthsPossesses general legislative
powersThe First Philippine RepublicContThe Legislative BranchPowers
as an independent bodySelect its own officersCensure and
interpellateImpeach the President, cabinet members, Chief Justice
and Solicitor General
The Permanent CommissionComposed of seven members who acts as
the law-making body when the Assembly is not in sessionThe First
Philippine RepublicMost Important Achievements of the Malolos
CongressEstablishment of Universidad Literatura de Filipinas and
other schoolsPassage of law that allowed the Philippines to borrow
P20M from banks for government expensesDeclaration of War against
the United StatesThe First Philippine RepublicConclusion: The
Malolos Constitution embodied the desire and capacity of the
Filipinos to establish a government of the people. By adopting the
principles taken from the constitutions of Cuba, Mexico, Belgium,
Guatemala, Costa Rica, Brazil and France the Constitution ventured
in applying democracy in its early stages. What makes it worth to
remember is the tenacity of the people in the time of war to
proclaim their independence and nationality to emerge from the dark
ages of Spanish Rule and American Sovereignty. It is a testament to
the will power and the intelligence of the early Filipinos to
govern themselves as an independent country.
The First Philippine RepublicSources:Rodriguez, Rufus.
Introduction to Law. Quezon City, Philippines: Rex Printing
Company, Inc., 2001The Malolos Congress.
http://filipino.biz.ph/history/malolos.htmlConstitution of the
Philippines.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Philippines#Malolos_Constitution_.281899.29History
of the Philippines (1898-1946).
http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php?title=History_of_the_Philippines_%281898-1946%29The
Malolos Congress. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malolos_Congress
