2week Presentation

7/27/2019 2week Presentation

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MYANMAR SOCIETY & POLITICAL SYSTEM

GROUP A ZAW MIN NAUNG

KYAW ZAY YA

MYO MIN OO

AUNG BO BO

CAPACITY BUILDING FOR ENGLISH

LEARNING TRAINING COURSE

Presented by

U.Kyaw Zay Ya

Staff Officer

Ministry of Hotels and Tourism

(11-10-2013)


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CONTENTS

Part-1(Myanmar Society)

Historical background

National Races

Religion

Arts & Culture

Festivals

Traditional foods

Part-2(Political System)

Myanmar Dynasties

Colonial Period

Independent Myanmar Socialism

Military Regime

Democracy Regime

Key events in recent Myanmar

Politics


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Historical Background of Myanmar

Throughout the history, Myanmar (Burma) has

experienced waves of immigration that have

come southwards along the rivers Ayeyarwady

(Irrawaddy), Chindwin, Salween (Thanlwin)

and Mekong. These movements have brought in

many different ethnic peoples, mainly from theCentral Asian plateau (modern Tibet and China),

and this is reflected in wide ethnic variety to be

found in the country today.

Pondaungia

Recent excavations in Pondaung area suggestsMyanmar history has evolved through stone age.

Primate fossils found in Pondaung are the evidence

of the existence of man-like creatures 40 million

years ago, which has been approved by some

internationally renowned archaeologists.

Part-1 Myanmar Society
http://www.google.com.mm/imgres?q=history+of+myanmar&sa=X&noj=1&biw=1262&bih=636&tbm=isch&tbnid=OPb52KePHtV5dM:&imgrefurl=http://www.myanmars.net/myanmar-history/myanmar-pondaung-primates.htm&docid=Va2kkHB-cI3wzM&imgurl=http://www.myanmars.net/myanmar-history/images/myanmar-primate.jpg&w=443&h=308&ei=JpJOUsOIJMmBkQX_6YGADQ&zoom=1&ved=1t:3588,r:85,s:0,i:341


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SuvarnabhumiLegend has it that the mysterious land of Suvarnabhumi (or "Golden Land"), mentioned

in numerous ancient sources and the subject of much debate, was in fact the homeland

of the Mon, who established their first kingdom in Myanmar in 300 BC around the portof Thaton, which developed into an important trading center.

Pyu

Bawbawgyi Pyu Pagoda

From the 1st century AD, the Pyus settled in central

Myanmar. They were also quick to espouse Buddhism,

and they founded highly civilized city-kingdoms which,

at their peak, during the 7th and 8th centuries, alsobecame prosperous trading centers. The largest city was

Sri Ksetra, close to present-day Pyay (Prome). Pyu had

built towns in Sri Ksetra (Pyay) 4-8AD, Maingmaw,

Beikthano. (Actually Vishnu from Hindu god), Taung

Dwin Gyi 1-4 AD,, Hanlin (Wet Let) 2-9AD, Tagaung

(Thabeikkyin), Waddi (Nga Htwoe Gyi), Maingmaw(Pinlay) (Myittha), Beinnaka (Pyaw Bwe), and Bilin

(Mon state). It is believed the first Kayin (Karen) and

Chin provided the next wave of immigrants to central

Myanmar, before the Myanmar people migrated from

Nanzhao during the 9th century.
http://myanmartravel.org/people.htmlhttp://myanmartravel.org/people.html


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The union of Myanmar is made up of 135 national races, of which the main national

races are Kachin, Kayah, Kayin, Chin, Bamar, Mon, Rakhine, Shan. Population of the

country is estimated at 60 million (2010). Naypyitaw is the capital city and Yangon isthe commercial city.

Kachin Kayah Kayin Chin

Bamar Mon Rakhine Shan

National Races


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Religion

Buddhists - 89 %

Christians - 4%

Muslims - 4%

Hindus - 2%

Animists - 1%


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Religion and faith are core aspects of daily

life in Myanmar society. A large majorityof people practices Buddhist traditions at

home.

The Buddhist communitys emphasis

Forgiveness and caring for each other in

the family and community at large

dominate Myanmas society.

People live in a collective culture at home

with parents who hold grate power in

Family.

Myanmar woman usually maintain cultural

practice as a social norm at home.
http://www.google.com.mm/imgres?q=history+of+myanmar&start=500&sa=X&noj=1&biw=1262&bih=636&tbm=isch&tbnid=jDVktYsCOlVY1M:&imgrefurl=http://groups.yahoo.com/group/myanmar-korea/&docid=0RKlpYhs4CQd_M&imgurl=http://xa.yimg.com/kq/groups/9025943/homepage/name/homepage.jpg?type=sn&w=360&h=270&ei=sZJOUuqcKoeGkgW4moHQCw&zoom=1&ved=1t:3588,r:83,s:500,i:253http://www.google.com.mm/imgres?q=history+of+myanmar&start=100&sa=X&noj=1&biw=1262&bih=636&tbm=isch&tbnid=gCD40aaFKc32uM:&imgrefurl=http://www.economywatch.com/economy-business-and-finance-news/myanmar-asias-next-economic-tiger-dan-steinbock.16-05.html&docid=prh22BDrLcPsSM&imgurl=http://www.economywatch.com/files/imagecache/story/story/myanmarshwedagonpagoda.jpg&w=448&h=299&ei=dZJOUuvKHMG-lQWI0IAo&zoom=1&ved=1t:3588,r:94,s:100,i:286


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Novitiation Ceremony

Novitiation ceremony is the unique characteristic in

Myanmar. This ceremony usually celebrates during

the school holidays, mostly in summer holidays at

March & April before the water festival. In the

Myanmar tradition the boys are compulsory to enter

the Buddhist order for a week or more.In the

Myanmar Buddhist tradition it is compulsory that

every boys over eight years old to twenty have to

enter the Buddhist Order for a week or more as a

novice and over twenty they have to enter the Order

again as Ordained Monk.

An ear-piercing ceremony at

Mahamuni Buddha in Mandalay.

Traditional Ceremonies
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahamuni_Buddhahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandalayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandalayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahamuni_Buddha


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Thanaka

"Thanaka" which is the beauty secret of

Myanmar women. In the bedroom of aMyanmar woman on the floor besides the

dressing table there has an 8" long Thanaka

wood cutting, a flat circular surfaced

whetstone or grind stone and a small water

bottle with a pore on the lid. After a bath

she sits at the whetstone put several drops ofwater on it and rub the Thanaka cutting on

the whetstone continuously at a circular

motion with body pressure.
http://mingalapar.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/girl-thanaka-powder.jpghttp://mingalapar.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/myanmar-thanka-powder.jpg


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Marriage

Individuals usually find their own

marriage partners. Arrangements for the

Marriage may be made by the parents of

sometimes an intermediary is employed.

When a man asks a womans parents for

their consent, it is common practice for

him to bring a gift for the woman.

Wedding ceremonies are relatively

simple expect among wealthy families.

After speeches by the parents ,

members of the families and guests

share pickled Tea.

Myanmar women regard as marrying is once in a life time that they consider

seriously to get married and also celebrate the wedding ceremony graciously at

utmost effort.


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Art and Cultures from Myanmar


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Art and Cultures from Myanmar

Panyun ( art and craft of the lacquer-ware maker )

Panchi ( art and craft of the drawing & painting )

Panpoot ( art and craft of turning designs on the lathe )

Panbu ( art and craft of sculpture )

Pantaut ( art and craft of making floral designs using masonry)

Pantain ( art and craft of gold and silver smith )

Panbe ( art and craft of blacksmith )

Pantamault ( art and craft of sculpting with stone)

Panyan ( art and craft of bricklaying and masonry )

Pantin ( art and craft of bronze casting )


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Festivals in Myanmar

Kachin Manaw Festival (Kachin New Year

Festival held in January)Manaw Dance is performed at Manaw Festival

which originated as part of the Nat or Spirit

worship of the past 2 days celebration fest

plays very important role in Kachin people

Hta Manae Festival (February)

A competition between teams of men for

donation of Glutinous Rice to LordBuddha

People enjoy watching competition of

cooking Glutinous Rice After cooking ,

Glutinous Rice is distributed as donation to

people


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Sand heap Pagoda Festival

(March)

Taung Pyone Spirit Festival

Thingyan (Water) Festival (April)

Date : 8th Waxing to Full Moon Day of Wagaung

Location : Taung Pyone Village, near Mandalay

Duration : 8 days Taung Pyone is the site where two

brothers serving a king of Bagan in the 11th century

were executed. They became powerful spirits or Nats.


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Pouring water to the Boddhi

Tree

(Kasone Nyaung

YayThoonstival) (May)

Thadingyut Festival of Lights (October)


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Taunggyi Tazaungdaing, Hot-Air Balloon Festival

(November)


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Traditional foods Myanmar people have along tradition of prepraring

Food in their way. Myanmar is an agricultural country

with rice as the principle crop. The itinerary of visiting

Traveler to Myanmar will never be deemed complete

if he or she has not tasted the Myanmar Hta Min(main rice) and Hin (curry) to satisfy the sweet tooth.

Other famous Myanmar traditional foods are Mouk-Hin-

Kha, Ohn-noh-Khauk-Swe and Myanmar tea.
http://www.google.com.mm/imgres?q=history+of+myanmar&start=100&sa=X&noj=1&biw=1262&bih=636&tbm=isch&tbnid=b_ItU_1_vOgCNM:&imgrefurl=http://splendorinthelemongrass.com/2012/08/16/the-typical-burmese-table/&docid=Ee_IImNddtPNQM&imgurl=http://splendorinthelemongrass.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/burmesetable.jpg&w=711&h=475&ei=dZJOUuvKHMG-lQWI0IAo&zoom=1&ved=1t:3588,r:17,s:100,i:55


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Pagan Empire (10441287)

Anawrahta founded the Pagan Empire, unifying for the first

time the regions that would later constitute the modern-dayBurma. Well into the mid-13th century, most of mainland

Southeast Asia was under some degree of control of either the

Pagan Empire or the Khmer Empire.

Anawrahta also implemented a series of key social, religious

and economic reforms that would have a lasting impact in

Burmese history. His social and religious reforms later

developed into the modern-day Burmese culture. The most

important development was the introduction of Theravada

Buddhism to Upper Burma after Pagan's conquest of the

Thaton Kingdom in 1057.

Beginning in the early 13th century, the Shans began to

encircle the Pagan Empire from the north and the east. The

Mongols, who had conquered Yunnan, the former homeland

of the Burmans in 1253, began their invasion of Burma in

1277, and in 1287 sacked Pagan, ending the Pagan kingdom's

250-year rule of the Irrawaddy valley and its periphery.

Part-2(Myanmar Political)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pagan_Empirehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burmese_culturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thaton_Kingdomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thaton_Kingdomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burmese_culturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pagan_Empirehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Pagan_Empire_--_Sithu_II.PNG


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Toungoo Dynasty (15101752)

Toungoo, led by its ambitious king Tabinshwehti

and his deputy Gen. Bayinnaung, would go on to

reunify the petty kingdoms that had existed since

the fall of the Pagan Empire, and found the

largest empire in the history of Southeast Asia.

Konbaung Dynasty (17521885)

Soon after the fall of Ava, a new dynasty rose

in Shwebo to challenge the authority ofHanthawaddy. Over the next 70 years, the

highly militaristic Konbaung dynasty went on

to create the largest Burmese empire, second

only to the empire ofBayinnaung.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tabinshwehtihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bayinnaunghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pagan_Empirehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Southeast_Asiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shwebohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bayinnaunghttp://www.google.com.mm/imgres?q=history+of+myanmar&sa=X&noj=1&biw=1262&bih=636&tbm=isch&tbnid=bPZvnkUuUJMX1M:&imgrefurl=http://www.myanmars.net/myanmar-history/king-thibaw.htm&docid=ZIJmQibcLy0KMM&imgurl=http://www.myanmars.net/myanmar-history/images/thibawmin1.jpg&w=280&h=375&ei=JpJOUsOIJMmBkQX_6YGADQ&zoom=1&ved=1t:3588,r:41,s:0,i:209http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bayinnaunghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shwebohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Southeast_Asiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pagan_Empirehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bayinnaunghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tabinshwehtihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Map_of_Taungoo_Empire_(1580).png


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By around the start of the 20th century, a nationalist movement began to take

shape in the form of Young Men's Buddhist Associations (YMBA), modelled

on the YMCA, as religious associations were allowed by the colonial

authorities.

In 1920 the first university students strike in history broke out in protest against

the new University Act which the students believed would only benefit the elite

and perpetuate colonial rule. 'National Schools' sprang up across the country in

protest against the colonial education system, and the strike came to be

commemorated as 'National Day

In December 1930, a local tax protest by Saya San in Tharrawaddy quickly

grew into first a regional and then a national insurrection against the

government.

May 1930 saw the founding of theDobama Asiayone (We BurmansAssociation) whose members called themselves Thakin

The second university students strike in 1936 was triggered by the expulsion of

Aung San andKo Nu, leaders of the Rangoon University Students Union

(RUSU),

British rule
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World War II and Japanese invasion (1942-1945)

When the Japanese occupiedBangkokin December 1941, Aung San announced the

formation of the Burma Independence Army (BIA) in anticipation of the Japaneseinvasion of Burma in 1942.

From the Japanese surrender to Aung San's assassination

The surrender of the Japanese brought a military administration to Burma and

demands to try Aung San for his involvement in a murder during military operationsin 1942.

Aung San also succeeded in concluding an agreement with ethnic minorities for a

unified Burma at the Panglong Conference on 12 February, celebrated since as 'Union

Day'.

On 19 July 1947 U Saw, a conservative pre-war Prime Minister of Burma, engineered

the assassination of Aung San and several members of his cabinet including his eldest

brotherBa Win, while meeting in the Secretariat.

Thakin Nu, the Socialist leader, was now asked to form a new cabinet, and he

presided over Burmese independence on 4 January 1948.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangkokhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burma_Independence_Armyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panglong_Conferencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U_Sawhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burmese_Martyrs'_Dayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ba_Winhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thakin_Nuhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thakin_Nuhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ba_Winhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burmese_Martyrs'_Dayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U_Sawhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panglong_Conferencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burma_Independence_Armyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangkok


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Independent Myanmar (1948-1962)British government Hubert Elvin Rance and Sao Shwe Thaik at the flag raising

Ceremony on 4th January 1948. The nation became an independet republic,

Named the Union of Burma, with Sao Shwe Thaik as its first president and U NUas its first Prime Minister.

Socialism(1962-1988)On 2 March 1962, Ne Win, with sixteen other senior military officers, staged a

coup d'tat, arrested U Nu, Sao Shwe Thaik and several others, and declared a

socialist state to be run by theirUnion Revolutionary Council. Ne Win quicklytook steps to transform Burma into his vision of a 'socialist state' and to isolate

the country from contact with the rest of the world. A one-party system was

established with his newly formedBurma Socialist Programme Party (BSPP) in

complete control.

Crisis and 1988 UprisingNe Win retired as president in 1981, but remained in power as Chairman of the

BSPP until his sudden unexpected announcement to step down on 23 July

1988. In September ,The military swept aside the Constitution of 1974 in

favor ofmartial law under the State Law and Order Restoration Council

(SLORC) with Saw Maung as chairman and prime minister.(SLORC)
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Military Regime(1988-2010) The military government announced a change of name for the country in

English fromBurma toMyanmarin 1989. It also continued the economic

reforms started by the old regime and called for a Constituent Assembly to

revise the 1974 Constitution. This led to multiparty elections in May 1990 in

which theNational League for Democracy (NLD) won a landslide victory

over theNational Unity Party. 1991, and also facedeconomic sanctions. In

April 1992 the military replacedSaw Maung with General Than Shwe.

The SLORC was abolished in November 1997 and replaced by the State

Peace and Development Council (SPDC). On 23 June 1997, Burma was admitted into the Association of Southeast

Asian Nations (ASEAN). On 27 March 2006, the military junta, which had

moved the national capital from Yangon to a site nearPyinmana in

November 2005, officially named the new capitalNaypyidaw, meaning "city

of the kings". In August 2003, Kyin Nyunt announced a seven-step "roadmap to

democracy", which the government claims it is in the process of

implementing.

On 17 February 2005, the government reconvened the National Convention,

for the first time since 1993, in an attempt to rewrite the Constitution.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_League_for_Democracyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Unity_Party_(Burma)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_sanctionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saw_Maunghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Than_Shwehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_Peace_and_Development_Councilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_Peace_and_Development_Councilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nationshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nationshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yangonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyinmanahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naypyidawhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roadmap_to_democracyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roadmap_to_democracyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roadmap_to_democracyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roadmap_to_democracyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naypyidawhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyinmanahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yangonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nationshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nationshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_Peace_and_Development_Councilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_Peace_and_Development_Councilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Than_Shwehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saw_Maunghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_sanctionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Unity_Party_(Burma)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_League_for_Democracy


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On 7 February 2008, SPDC announced that a referendum for the Constitution

would be held, and Elections by 2010. The Burmese constitutional referendum,

2008 was held on 10 May and promised a "discipline-flourishing democracy"for

the country in the future.

In May 2008, Cyclone Nargis caused extensive damage in the densely populated,

rice-farming delta of the Irrawaddy Division.[69] It was the worst natural disaster

in Burmese history with reports of an estimated 200,000 people dead or missing,

and damage totaled to 10 billion dollars (USD), and as many as 1 million left

homeless.

In October 2012 the number of ongoing conflicts in Burma included the Kachin

conflict, between the Kachin Independence Army and the government; a civil war

between the Rohingya Muslims, and the government and non-government groups

in Arakan State; and a conflict between the Shan, Lahu andKaren minority

groups, and the government in the eastern half of the country.

A widely publicised Burmese conflict wasthe 2012 Rakhine State riots, a series of conflicts

that primarily involved the ethnic Rakhine

Buddhist people and the Rohingya Muslim

people in the northern Rakhine State
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burmese_constitutional_referendum,_2008http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burmese_constitutional_referendum,_2008http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclone_Nargishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irrawaddy_Divisionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burmahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_disasterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kachin_conflicthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kachin_conflicthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kachin_Independence_Armyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rohingya_peoplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arakan_Statehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shan_peoplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lahu_peoplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karen_peoplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2012_Rakhine_State_riotshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rakhine_peoplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rohingya_peoplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rakhine_Statehttp://www.google.com.mm/imgres?q=history+of+myanmar&start=300&sa=X&noj=1&biw=1262&bih=636&tbm=isch&tbnid=1yYGt7RsvALY_M:&imgrefurl=http://foreignpolicyblogs.com/2012/11/13/myanmar-on-edge/&docid=vGuKCwFK6YrfoM&imgurl=http://foreignpolicyblogs.com/wp-content/uploads/Burma_Violence.jpg&w=600&h=332&ei=k5JOUsiqDYjUkwWOxoDgBg&zoom=1&ved=1t:3588,r:17,s:300,i:55http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rakhine_Statehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rohingya_peoplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rakhine_peoplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2012_Rakhine_State_riotshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karen_peoplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lahu_peoplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shan_peoplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arakan_Statehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arakan_Statehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arakan_Statehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rohingya_peoplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kachin_Independence_Armyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kachin_conflicthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kachin_conflicthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kachin_conflicthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_disasterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burmahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irrawaddy_Divisionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclone_Nargishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burmese_constitutional_referendum,_2008http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burmese_constitutional_referendum,_2008


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Government and Politics

Assembly of the UnionThe constitution of Myanmar was draft in September 2008.The legislature, called the

Pyidaungsu Hluttaw, is made up of two houses; upper houseAmyotha Hluttaw (House

of Nationalities) and lower house Pythu Hluttaw (House of Representatives).

Current Administration Form

Democratic Government

Administration in two tires

-Union government-State or Regional government

5-year periodically election

Union of 7 states and 7 Regions

with seats of government located in

the central city, Nay Pyi Taw.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Myanmar-Lower-House-Parliament.jpg


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i li i


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Key events in recent Myanmar Politics

Suu Kyi's party, the National League for Democracy,

participated inby-elections held on 1 April 2012

after the government abolished laws that led to theNLD's boycott of the 2010 general election. She led

the NLD in winning the by-elections in a landslide,

winning 41 out of 44 of the contested seats.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burmese_by-elections,_2012http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burmese_general_election,_2010http://www.google.com.mm/imgres?q=obama+visit+myanmar&sa=X&biw=1262&bih=636&tbm=isch&tbnid=rzMT0lidPGTZGM:&imgrefurl=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/nov/19/obama-visits-burma&docid=GfS55DVJOuWuvM&imgurl=http://static.guim.co.uk/sys-images/Guardian/Pix/pictures/2012/11/19/1353350550691/Obama-in-burma-008.jpg&w=460&h=276&ei=dYxSUpiDB8msrAeZ-4DYDQ&zoom=1&ved=1t:3588,r:96,s:0,i:374http://www.google.com.mm/imgres?q=obama+visit+myanmar&sa=X&biw=1262&bih=636&tbm=isch&tbnid=y9GCQawnlBNwpM:&imgrefurl=http://www.aseanmp.org/?p=2546&docid=42rlQW9J-EOQIM&imgurl=http://www.aseanmp.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/obama-thein-sein.jpg&w=450&h=329&ei=dYxSUpiDB8msrAeZ-4DYDQ&zoom=1&ved=1t:3588,r:92,s:0,i:362http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burmese_general_election,_2010http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burmese_by-elections,_2012


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Foreign Relations

In mid October, 2012. former UK Prime MinisterTony Blair"led a

delegation" to shake hands with President Thein Sein, and met with lower

house speakerShwe Mann.

On 3 November 2012 European Commission President Jos Manuel Barroso

met with Myanmar's President Thein Sein in Myanmar.

On 6 November 2012 Australia's Prime Minister, Julia Gillardmet with

Myanmar's President Thein Sein on the sidelines of the 9th AsiaEurope

Meetingbecoming the first Australian head of government to meet Burma's

leader in nearly 30 years.

On 19 November 2012, US President Barack Obama visited Burma following

his 2012 reelection and was accompanied by Hillary Clinton, returning almost

a year after her first visit. Though he did not visit the capital, President Obamadelivered a speech at Rangoon University, out of respect for the university

where opposition to colonial rule first took hold.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tony_Blairhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_Burmahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thein_Seinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Burma)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Burma)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shwe_Mannhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Manuel_Barrosohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julia_Gillardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia%E2%80%93Europe_Meetinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia%E2%80%93Europe_Meetinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barack_Obamahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rangoon_Universityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rangoon_Universityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barack_Obamahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia%E2%80%93Europe_Meetinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia%E2%80%93Europe_Meetinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julia_Gillardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Manuel_Barrosohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shwe_Mannhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Burma)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Burma)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thein_Seinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thein_Seinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thein_Seinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_Burmahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tony_Blair


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Ministry of Hotels and TourismNay Pyi Taw, The Republic of the Union of Myanmarwww.myanmartourism.org, [email protected]@gmail.com


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LOGO

2013 October 11

Myanmar Society and Political System

1

GroupBU Zay Yar Myo Aung

U Kyaw Min AyeU Tin Myo Aung

Daw Khin Myo Naing

Daw Swe Swe Myint


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2

Overview

1. Introduction

2. Myanmar Society

3.Explore Myanmar Society

4.Polit ical System in Myanmar

5. Questions & Answers


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IntroductionThe Republic of Union of

Myanmar

-Area : 676577 km square

- Population: Over 60 Millions

-Religion : 83 % Buddhism,

5.6 % Christianity,3.8 % Muslin

0.5% Hindu.

-Neighbors :China ,Thailand,

Bangladesh , Laos, India

-Festivals: Seasonal festivals,

social and religious

festivals

-National races : Over 100

3


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Myanmar SocietyOur country composed with

7 States & 7 Regions- Kachin State

- Kayah State

- Kayin State

- Chin State

- Mon State- Rakhine State

- Shan State

- Sagaing Region

- Taninthayi Region- Bago Region

- Magway Region

- Mandalay Region

- Yangon Region

- Ayeyarwady Region 4


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2.Explore Myanmar Society

a) Cultural Sector

b) Education Sector

c) Health Sectord) Sports Sector

5


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Cultural Sector

Myanmar concept on

culture

Culture is a combination of

both physical and mental

culture. Standard of culture can be

measured

1. By material development2.By the morale and

morality of its people.

6


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Culture is like a mixed pot of flowers

7

Physical Culture-Value loyalty, honesty,generosity, forgiveness,

gratitude and kindness

Mental Culture-gentle manners, customs,

traditions ,rules of conduct


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Marriage

By Law

- 18 years old

- Buddhism , Christian,

Muslin, Hindu.

But

We respect our parents

and need approve tomarriage

Man & Woman.

8


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Education Sector

When we had 3 years

old

Pre-Primary Schools.

In some villages ..Monastery Schools.

9


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Education Sector

Basic Education Schools in Myanmar

Basic Education High Schools = 2,351

Basic Education Middle Schools = 3,121

Basic Education Post-Primary Schools= 6,553

Basic Education Primary Schools = 28,967

Total Schools =40,992

Teachers - 273,516

Students - 8,200,595

10


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Education Sector

Academic Level

Major Programmes1.Burmese

2.Computer Science

3.English

4.Geology

5.History

6.Philosophy

7.Psychology

8.Law

9.Bontany

11

Motto; With Truth and Loyalty


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Education Sector

12

10.Chemistry11.Mathematics

12.Physics

13.Zoology14.Industrial Chemistry
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:YU_Judson_Church.JPG


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Administrative Structure

1. National Education Committee

- Basic Education Sub-sector

(a) Basic Education Council

(b) Basic Education Curriculum, Syllabus and Textbook

Committee

(c) Teacher Education Supervisory Committee

(d) Basic Education Schools

14


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Academic Structure

-Higher Education Sub-sector

(a) Universities Central Council

(b) Council of University Academic Bodies

(c) Higher Education Institutions (HEIs)

15


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Organization Structure

17

Structure of Myanmar Academy of Arts and

Science
http://www.myanmar-education.edu.mm/moe-content/uploads/2013/05/Fig.4_Structure_of_Myanmar_Academy_of_Arts_and_Science.pnghttp://www.myanmar-education.edu.mm/moe-content/uploads/2013/05/Fig.4_Structure_of_Myanmar_Academy_of_Arts_and_Science.pnghttp://www.myanmar-education.edu.mm/moe-content/uploads/2013/05/Fig.4_Structure_of_Myanmar_Academy_of_Arts_and_Science.png


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Health Sector

Medical & Health Facil it ies & Personnel

Government Hospital = 790 Hospitals

Government Hospital = 366 Hospitals

(Above 25 bedded)

Approximate Specialist Hospital =35

Hospital with specialist service =29

Hospital above 25 bedded =302

Total =366

18


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Health Sector

Doctors in Myanmar

No. of Drs in State service - 6331 No. of Drs in Private practice -11145

Total =17476

19


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Health System

The Ministry of Health laid down the National Health Plan (2001-2006)under the guidance from the National Health Committee.

Objectives of the National Health Plan

1. To implement the national objective of uplifting of

health, fitness and educational standards of the entirenation.

2. To implement the National Health Policy.

3. To develop a new health system in keeping with the

political, economic and social conditions.4. To strengthen rural health services.

20


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Sports Sector

Myanmar will host 33 sports,

2013 SEA Games.

21


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Sports Sector

Places- Yangon, Mandalay, Nay Pyi Taw,

Ngwe Saung.

Motto - Green ,Clean ,and Friendship.

Events - 460 in 33 sports

Opening Ceremony - 11 Dec 2013Closing Ceremony - 22 Dec 2013

Main Venue - Zabuthiri Stadium

Website -27th Southeast Asian Games

22

Sports Sector


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Sports Sector

23

Sr.

No.

Name Sr.

No.

Name

1 Badminton 11 Pencak

2 Basketball 12 Muay

3 Billiards & Snooker 13 Weightlifting

4 Chess 14 Vovinam

5 Cycling 15 Volleyball

6 Football 16 Wrestling

7 Golf 17 Equestrian

8 Futsal 18 Taekwondo

9 Boxing 19 Judo

10 Shooting 20 Canoeing

S t S t


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Sports Sector

Sr. No. Name Sr. No. Name

21 Chinlone 26 Silat

22 Karate 27 Field Hockey

23 Kenpo 28 Sailing

24 Traditional Boat Race 29 Petanque

25 Body Building 30 Sepak Takraw

24

P liti l S t i M


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Political System in Myanmar

Historical Background in Polit ical System

1. Early History

2. The Bagan Period

3. The Period of Division

4. The Hanthawady Empire

5. The Inwa Kingdom

6. The Konbaung Kingdom

7. British Colonial Rule8. The National Movement

25


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9.Early Years of Independence10.The Caretaker Government

11.The Pyidaungsu Government

12.The Revolutionary Council13.Burma Socialist Programme Party Period

14.State Law and Order Restoration Council

15.State Peace and Development Council

16.New Government Polities

26


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Independence

-On 4 Jan 1948 (Union of Burma)

Military rule

-On 2 March 1962 (Military control 1962 to 1974)

Towards Democracy

-On 10 May 2008 (Republic of the Union of Myanmar)

-General elections were held under new constitution

in 2010.

27


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New Government

- Pyidaungsu Hluttaw (Bicameral & made up two houses)

- Amyotha Hluttaw

(224 seats upper house House of Nationalities)

(168 are directly elected & 56 are appointed by

armed forces).

- Pyuthu Hluttaw

(440 seats lower house-House of Representatives)

(330 are directly elected & 110 are appointed by

armed forces).

28


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The Major Parties

1.National League for Democracy

2.National Democratic Force3.National Unity Party

4.Union Solidarity and Development Party

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Foreign relations :-On 13 Jan 2012 ,The European

has placed suspension of all aid.

-On 13 April 2012 British

Prime Minister David Cameron called

for economic sanctions on Myanmar.

30

P li i l S i M


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Foreign relations:- New investments with neighboring

(India , Chinese companies).

-In May 2013 President U Thein Sein

became the first Myanmar President to

visit the U.S (White House).

31



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Visit by Western leaders:

-On 19 Nov 2012 ,U.S President visitedMyanmar.

-On 3 Nov 2012 ,European Commission

President Jose Manuel Barroso met withMyanmars President U Thein Sein.

- On 6 Nov 2012 ,Australias Prime

Minister ,Julia Gillard met with

Myanmars President U Thein Sein.

32


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Questions & Answers

33

LOGO


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You cant eat Political System ......

but you can taste their fruits !

LOGO


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Current Political Situationin Myanmar

Presented by

Group - C


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Powerpoint TemplatesPage 3

Governments Structure
http://www.powerpointstyles.com/http://www.powerpointstyles.com/


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Myanmar Administration Structure


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Executive branch


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Executive branch

Chief of state: President U THEIN SEIN (since 4.2.2011);

Vice President DR. SAI MOUK KHAM (since 4.2.2011);

Vice President U NYAN HTUN (since 15.8. 2012)

Government: Head of the government is President THEIN SEIN and

includes 36 Ministries

Cabinet: cabinet is appointed by the president and confirmed by the

parliament

Elections: U THEIN SEIN elected president by the parliament from

among three vice presidents; the upper house, the lower

house, and military members of the parliament each nominate

one vice president (president serves a five-year term)


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Legislative branch

The House of Nationalities [Amyotha Hluttaw]:

(224 seats, 168 directly elected and 56 appointed by the military; members serve five-year terms)

The House of Representatives [Pythu Hluttaw] :

(440 seats, 330 directly elected and 110 appointed by the military; members serve

five-year terms)

Elections:

last held on 7 November 2010 (next to be held in December 2015)

Election results:

The House of Nationalities ;

USDP 74.8%, others 25.2%;

The House of Representatives ;

USDP 79.6%, others 20.4%

Parliament Committees


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# Committee Chairman Party

1. Bill Committee T Khun Myat USDP

2. Public Accounts Committee Thurein Zaw USDP

3. Rights Committee Nanda Kyaw Sar USDP

4.Governments Guarantees, Pledges and

Undertakings Vetting CommitteeWin Sein USDP

5. Representatives Vetting Committee* Maung Oo USDP

6.Citizens Fundamental Rights, Democracy and

Human Rights CommitteeHtay Oo USDP

7.National Race Affairs and Internal Peace-Making

CommitteeThein Zaw USDP

8. Banks and Monetary Development Committee Aung Thaung USDP

9. Planning and Financial Development Committee Soe Tha USDP

10. Farmers, Workers and Youth Affairs Committee Tin Htut USDP

11. International Relations Committee Hla Myint Oo USDP

12. Economic and Trade Development Committee Maung Maung Thein USDP

13.Transport, Communication and Construction

CommitteeThein Swe USDP

14.Sports, Culture and Public Relations

Development CommitteeAye Myint USDP

Parliament Committees


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# Committee Chairman Party

15.

Agriculture, Livestock Breeding and Fishery

Committee Soe Naing USDP

16.Investment and Industrial Development

CommitteeHtay Myint USDP

17.Resources and Environmental Conservation

CommitteeLun Thi USDP

18. Health Promotion Committee Kyaw Myint USDP

19. Education Promotion Committee Chan Nyein USDP20. Judicial and Legal Affairs Committee Aung Ko USDP

21. Public Affairs Management Committee Maung Oo USDP

22. Social Development Committee Maung Maung Swe USDP

23.Reform and Modernization Assessment

CommitteeAung Thein Lin USDP

24. Water Transportation Development Committee Kyi Min USDP

25.Legal Affairs and Special Affairs Assessment

CommissionNanda Kyaw Sar USDP

26. Rule of Law and Peace and Stability Committee Aung San Suu Kyi NLD


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Judicial branch

Supreme Court

The new constitution provides for a supreme court, a constitutional

tribunal, and lower courts.

The present judicial system was adopted under the 2008Constitution and Union Judiciary Law 2010.


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Timeline: Myanmar's reforms under CivilianGovernment

Myanmar's reforms under Civilian Government


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March: U Thein Sein is sworn in as president

of a nominally civilian government

and the transfer of powers to the new government is complete;

May: The new government frees thousands of prisoners;

Aug: Aung San Suu Kyi is allowed to leave Yangon on a political visit; days

later she meets President Thein Sein in Nay Pyi Taw.

Sep: President Thein Sein suspends construction of controversial Chinese-

funded Myitsone hydroelectric dam,in move seen as showing greater

openness to public opinion.

Myanmar's reforms under Civilian Government (Contd)


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Oct: More than 200 political prisoners are freed as part of a general amnesty. New

labour laws allowing unions are passed.

Nov: ASEAN agrees that Myanmar will chair the grouping in 2014.

Dec: US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton visits, meets President U Thein Sein .

The US offers to improve relations if democratic reforms continue;

The NLD re-registers as a political party in advance of by-elections for parliament due to be held early in 2012;

Government agrees a truce with rebels of the Shan ethnic group and order the

military to stop operations against ethnic Kachin rebels;




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Jan: The government signs a ceasefire with rebels of Karen ethnic group. Hundreds of

prisoners are released;

Apr: Taking part in an election for the first time since 1990, the NLD wins 43 out of 45

seats. The polls are thought to have been generally free and fair.

The US responds by easing sanctions on Myanmar. The EU also agrees to suspend

most sanctions in Myanmar and opens an office in Yangon.

Aug: Removes 2,082 names from its blacklist which bars people deemed a threat to

national security from entering or leaving the country.

Myanmar s reforms under Civilian Government (Cont d)



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Sep: President U Thein Sein visits the US;

Oct: Violence flares in Rakhine, as aid agencies warn of a worsening humanitarian

crisis;

Nov: US President Barack Obama visits Burma on his first overseas trip since re-

election;

Dec: The government announces that privately owned newspapers are to be allowed in

Myanmar from April 2013 for the first time in almost 50 years. Myanmar ushers

in the new year for the first time with a public countdown.



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Jan: The government abolishes a 25-year-old ban on public gatherings of more than

five people.

The ADB resumes loans to Burma for the first time in 30 years in an

attempt to boost its social and economic development.

Feb: The government and ethnic Kachin rebels reach an agreement to hold talks, after

weeks of fighting in the north-east of the country.

President U Thein Sein embarks on his first European tour;

Mar: Clashed between Muslim and Buddhist communities in Meikhtila. More than 40

people die in clashes and around 12,000 Muslims are displaced from their homes.

A state of emergency is declared in the area;



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Apr: President Thein Sein visits Britian, announces that Myanmar will release all

political prisoners "by the end of the year".

The European Union lifts its remaining trade, economic and individual sanctions -

except those on arms sales;

Sep: Jimmy Carter, former US President and Elders delegation leader and parties

visited and made constructive discussions with President U Thein Sein

Oct: President also released 56 political prisoners from rebel groups .

President U Thein Sein attended the 23rd ASEAN Summit and received ASEAN

Chairmanship 2014 from Brunei.


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Moving Forward

N ti l D l t St t


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Good Governance and Clean Government government is focusing on clean government and good

governance in building nation.

"Successful establishment of modern, developed democratic

new nation calls for combination of democracy with goodgovernance

Poverty Reduction and Rural Development

the president reaffirmed the governments plan to reduceextreme domestic poverty from the current 26 per cent to 16

per cent of the population by 2015, endorsing, among other

initiatives, the development of the microfinance sector.

20

National Development Strategy

Legislative Reforms


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New laws enacted FDI

Taxation

Land Reform

Freedom of Expression

Freedom of Association

Engagement with 88 Generation

Willingness to Listen to the Voices of the People

Legislative Reforms

Development Priorities


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Agriculture

Education and Health

Natural resources management

Tourism

Competitive business sector

Financial/Banking Sector

Legal structures

Infrastructure, and

Policy formation and implementation

Development Priorities


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Challenges

Weak capacity for implementing reforms


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Weak capacity for implementing reforms

Much still depends on individuals not policy

Sanctions

Official Development Assistance (ODA) Lowest recipient of ODA among all LDCs, with 7.2 US$

per capita in 2010

FDIs

Poor Infrastructure Corruption


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1) http://www.president-office.gov.mm/

2) http://www.unionsupremecourt.gov.mm/

3) http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-16546688

4) http://ic.payap.ac.th/media/imba-

events/Dr.%20Aung_Assessing%20Reforms%20in%20Myanmar.ppt

5) http://www.altsean.org/Research/Parliament%20Watch/Legislative/Peoples%20A

ssembly/Committees.php

6) http://banyaneer.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/Banyaneer-Country-profile-

Myanmar.pdf
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-16546688http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-16546688http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-16546688http://ic.payap.ac.th/media/imba-events/Dr.%20Aung_Assessing%20Reforms%20in%20Myanmar.ppthttp://ic.payap.ac.th/media/imba-events/Dr.%20Aung_Assessing%20Reforms%20in%20Myanmar.ppthttp://www.altsean.org/Research/Parliament%20Watch/Legislative/Peoples%20Assembly/Committees.phphttp://www.altsean.org/Research/Parliament%20Watch/Legislative/Peoples%20Assembly/Committees.phphttp://banyaneer.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/Banyaneer-Country-profile-Myanmar.pdfhttp://banyaneer.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/Banyaneer-Country-profile-Myanmar.pdfhttp://banyaneer.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/Banyaneer-Country-profile-Myanmar.pdfhttp://banyaneer.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/Banyaneer-Country-profile-Myanmar.pdfhttp://www.altsean.org/Research/Parliament%20Watch/Legislative/Peoples%20Assembly/Committees.phphttp://www.altsean.org/Research/Parliament%20Watch/Legislative/Peoples%20Assembly/Committees.phphttp://ic.payap.ac.th/media/imba-events/Dr.%20Aung_Assessing%20Reforms%20in%20Myanmar.ppthttp://ic.payap.ac.th/media/imba-events/Dr.%20Aung_Assessing%20Reforms%20in%20Myanmar.ppthttp://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-16546688http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-16546688http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-16546688


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LOGO


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Myanmar Society

&

Political System

Presented by Khin Myo Thwin ( Group D)

Assistant Manager

Myanmar Hotels & Tourism Services

LOGO


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Group Participants

Dr. Than Zaw

U Ye Myint Kyaw

U Si Thu Kyaw

U Aung Phyo

U Kyaw Moe Naing

Daw Khin Myo Thwin

LOGOSEQUENCES


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Myanmar Society

What is society?

Lifestyle

Religion

Culture

Education

Health

Political System

Different conceptions of politics

Political system in Myanmar What is Democracy?

Basic principle

Three branches of sovereign power

National policy

Foreign policy

LOGO


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ANDAMAN SEA

BAY OF BENGAL

CHINA

LAOS

THAILAND

INDIA

BANGLADESH

N

LOGO


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What is Society?

According to sociologists, a society is a group of people with common

territory, interaction, and culture. Social groups consist of two or more peoplewho interact and identify with one another.

LOGO


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Lifestyle

hospitable and warm-hearted

simple and ordinary lifestyle

adults dont leave their family until they get married

Arrangement of marriage may be made by parents

the last marriage person keeps live with their parents

children support back to their parents when they are old

rank their parents just after Triple Gems: Buddha, Damma and

Sanga

Basic Concepts - Good begets Good and Evil begets Evil

LOGO


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Naming ceremony -seven days after birth.

Children sent to school at age of five.

LOGO


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Novitation Ceremony

LOGO

Religions in Myanmar


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9

LOGOMyanmars Concept on Culture


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Myanmar

Culture

Physical

Culture

Mental

Culture

Value the loyalty,honesty, generosity,

forgiveness,

gratitude, kindness

Gentle manner,

customs, traditions

rules of conduct

shamefulnessfear to do

misdeeds

CULTURE


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LOGOVarious forms of arts and crafts


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LOGOEducation in Myanmar


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Every school-age child in school Education for all

Educational policy is to provide basic education equated with

livelihood and within the reach of all.

Monastic education is widely spread in rural areas

Primary education is compulsory

The basic educational structure is 5:4:2

Higher education system consists of 4:1:2

37 Bachelor Degree Courses

Today, many schools across the country

Private schools in urban areas

y

LOGOMyanmars Health Care System


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Myanmars Health Care System

Implement national healthcare policy

MOH is providing comprehensive healthcare

to enable every citizen to attain full life

expectancy

to ensure that every citizen is free from

diseases

Traditional medicine is widely in rural areas

Many private hospitals and clinics

Approximately 898 hospitals across the country

LOGOMyanmar Sports


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Traditional Sports

- Chin lone is the most popular sports

- Regetta (boat racing event held in Tawthalin )

- Equestrian events held by royal army in the time

of Burmese King

Today Sports

- Many kinds of sports ( eg.Football,volleyball,badminton, etc..)

- 33 sports in the coming 27th SEA Game

LOGO
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Burmese_equestrian_sports.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Burmese_regatta.JPG


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Political System

LOGO


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Different Conceptions of Politics

politics as the art of government

politics as public affairs

politics as compromise and consensus


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LOGO


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Changes in Political System

parliamentary democracy system (1948-1962)

direct military rule (1962-1974)

socialist system (1974-1988)

again military rule ( 1988-2011)

entered a new political era by elections

new government took his office on 30th March 2011

changed to democracy system


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LOGO


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What is Democracy?

Democracy, from the Greek demos, the people; and kratein, to rule.

Democracy is a political system in which the people of a country rule

through any form of government they choose to establish.

Professor Richard M. Pious

Columbia University

LOGODemocracy Circle


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People

Government

Territory

to ensure the general peace

to protect the territory

to protect people within the territory

to provide common good for people

LOGOOrganizational Structure


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Regions StatesUnion

Territory

Republic of the Union of Myanmar

Nay

Pyi

Taw

Self-Administered Division

Self-Administered Zones

Kokent

Danu

Naga

Palaung

Pa-O

Yangon

Mandalay

Ayeyarwady

Bago

Sagaing

Magway

Tanintharyi

Kachin

Kayah

Kayin

Chin

Mon

Rakhine

Shan

Wa

LOGO

B i P i i l


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The Republic of the Union of Myanmar

1. M yanmar is an independent sovereign Nation.

2. The State shall be known as the Republic of the Union of Myanmar.

3. The State is where multi-National races collectively reside.

4. The Sovereign power of the Union is derived from the citizens and is in

force in the entire country.

5. The territory of the State shall be the land, sea, and airspace which

constitutes its territory on the day this Constitution is adopted.

Basic Principal

LOGOUNION GOVERNMENT


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UNION GOVERNMENT

President

Vice-President

Union Ministers

Union Attorney General

Vice-President Vice-President

Union Ministers

Union Attorney- General

President

LOGOStates and Regions Government


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States and Regions Government

ChiefMinister

MinistersAdvocateGeneral

the responsibilities to assist Union Government

LOGOThree Branches of Sovereign Power


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Legislative power: shared among the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw, Region

Hluttaws and State Hluttaws

Judicial power : shared among the Supreme Court of the Union, High

Court of the Regions and States and different levels of

Courts including self-administered areas

Executive power : shared among the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw, Region

Hluttaws and State Hluttaws


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LOGO

Foreign Policy


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Foreign Policy

The Union practices independent, active and non-

aligned foreign policy aimed at world peace and

friendly relations with nations and upholds the

principles of peaceful coexistence among nations.

The Union shall not commence aggression against

any nation.

No foreign troops shall be permitted to be deployed

in the territory of the Union.

LOGOConclusion


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Conclusion

- Myanmar is now changing in every sectors by the new government.

- The government build up political might, economic might and military

might.

- Today is the most opportune time for the entire people to work together in

the process of transforming democracy system.

- Everybody who is under national sovereignty should participate

in this process so as to enjoy the good advantages of democracy

system.

LOGO


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Thank You!


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Member countries of ASEAN


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2

Brunei DarussalamPhilippines

Indonesia

Singapore

Malaysia

Cambodia

Viet NamThailand

Lao PDR

Myanmar

Overview


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8 August 1967 in Bangkok, Thailand, with the signing ofthe ASEAN Declaration (Bangkok Declaration)

Founding Fathers of ASEAN: 5 Foreign Ministers - AdamMalik (Indonesia), Narciso R. Ramos ( Philippines),Tun Abdul Razak (Malaysia), S. Rajaratnam

(Singapore) and Thanat Khoman (Thailand)

Milestones in ASEAN 1971- Zone of Peace, Freedom and Neutrality, ZOPFAN


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1971 Zone of Peace, Freedom and Neutrality, ZOPFAN

1976- Treaty of Amity and Cooperation

1976 Bali Concord I formally adopted political co-operation as partof ASEAN regular activities

1992 ASEAN Free Trade Agreement (AFTA)

1997/98 ASEAN Vision 2020 Towards a community

2003 - Bali Concord II the launch of ASEAN Community by 2020

2005 the launch of ASEAN Charter process

2006/07 the acceleration of ASEAN Community to 2015

2007 ASEAN Charter drafting and the ASEAN EconomicCommunity Blueprint

2008 ASEAN Charter ratification, rule-based organization

2009 - ASEAN Political Community and Socio-Cultural CommunityBlueprints

2011-Bali Concord III.

2012 ASEAN Human Rights Declaration


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ASEAN Vision 2020ASEAN defined the community in theASEAN Vision 2020 (1997) as a concert ofSoutheast Asian nations, outwardlooking, living in peace, stability and

prosperity, bonded together in partnershipin dynamic development and in a

community of caring societies


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ASEAN Community Building The Bali Concord II (2003) was ASEANs next big step

in formalising and institutionalising the ASEANscommunity vision into a concretely targetedCommunity by 2020. The 3- pillar Community goal,

which was subsequently accelerated to 2015 at the 12thASEAN Summit in 2007, was a major advancement ofthe ASEAN community vision because it madecommunity building the most important objective of

ASEAN.

ASEAN Community


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y ASEAN Political-Security Community peaceful processes in the

settlement of intra-regional differences and it has the followingcomponents: political development, shaping and sharing of norms,conflict prevention, conflict resolution, post-conflict peace building,and implementing mechanisms

ASEAN Economic Community- creating a stable, prosperous and

highly competitive ASEAN economic region in which there is a freeflow of goods, services, investment and a freer flow of capital, equitableeconomic development and reduced poverty and socio-economicdisparities in year 2020;

ASEAN Socio-Cultural Community- envisages a community of

caring societies and founded on a common regional identity, withcooperation focused on social development aimed at raising thestandard of living of disadvantaged groups and the rural population,and shall seek the active involvement of all sectors of society, inparticular women, youth, and local communities

ASEAN Charter


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ASEAN Charter

Ratified by 10 ASEAN member states Came into force: 15 Dec 2008, Jakarta

Gives legal personality to ASEAN

Clarifies common objectives and principles

Defines structure, Mechanisms, Operations

ASEANs Structure under ASEANCharter


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ASEAN Summit

ASEAN CoordinatingCouncil

ASEAN CommunityCouncils

ASEAN SectoralMinisterial Bodies

Secretary General

ASEAN Secretariat ASEAN National

Secretariat

Committee PermanentRepresentatives (CPR)

ASEANIntergovernmentalCommission on Human

Rights

ACWC

ASEAN E t l R l ti


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ASEAN External Relations

East Asia Summit

10 ASEAN Member States + Australia, China, India, Japan, ROK,New Zealand, USA, and Russia

International and Regional Organizations

Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), Mercado Commun delSur/Common Market of the South (MERCOSUR), EconomicCooperation Organization (ECO), South Asian Association forRegional Cooperation (SAARC), and Rio Group

ASEAN Sectoral Dialogue Partner Pakistan Over 75 Ambassadors accredited to ASEAN, 39 ASEAN

Committees in Third Countries

New Charter: New ASEAN


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New Charter: New ASEAN

Legal, (rules based) therefore accountable

Greater Recognition within ASEAN (leverage against governments)

Regional partners (international leverage)

Mechanisms to address regional issues: Human rights,migrant workers, women and children

Recognition of Civil Society - the right to participate

Tow ards In t eg ra t i on i n t o t he G loba l


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12

ASEAN-Australia-New Zealand FTA

ASEAN-Korea FTA

ASEAN-Japan CEP

ASEAN-Canada

ASEAN-China FTA

ASEAN-Russia

ASEAN-EU FTA

ASEAN-Pakistan

ASEAN-India FTA

ASEAN-US TIFA

Econom y , ASEAN Ex t e rna l E conom i cCoope ra t i on

ASEAN-Korea Trade in Goods

Agreement & ASEAN China Trade in

Services status is Entered Into Force

(2007)

On-going implementation of Trade in

Goods Agreements under ASEAN-China

Continued negotiations with India,

Japan, CER (Australia & New Zealand),

and the EU

ASEAN Key Indicators


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Total Population : 600 million (EU 500 Million) Total Area : 4,465,500 sq.km

Total GDP in Current Prices : approx. US$ 2.2trillion

ASEAN GDP Growth in 2013 is 5.5%

Total trade: US$ 2.44 trillion (intra-ASEAN trade in2010 = US$ 376 billion)

Foreign Direct Investment Inflow:

US$ 114 billion in 2011

13

ASEAN Today: Unity in Diversity


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Diversity

Political systems: Democracies, Monarchy, Communism

Religion: Buddhism, Christianity, Islam

Economic development

HDI (2012): Rank 25 to 133

GDP per capita (2012): $850 to $29,499

Average GDP per capita US$ 2267 in 2007 to 3759 in 2012

Power dynamics:

Traditional most influential member Indonesia

India, China, US, Australia Shift from state-centric to people-oriented.


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Department of ASEAN Affairs

ASEAN-Myanmar

ASEAN ChairmanshipA ti l 31 Ch i f ASEAN


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Article 31 Chairman of ASEAN

1. The Chairmanship of ASEAN Rotate annually, basedon alphabetical order of the English names of themember states.

2. ASEAN shall have, in a calendar year, a singleChairmanship by which the Member state assuming

the ASEAN Chair shall chair:a. the ASEAN Summits and Related Summits

b. the ASEAN Coordinating Council

c. the Three ASEAN Community Councils

d. where appropriate, the relevant ASEAN SectoralMinisterial Bodies and senior officials; and

e. the Committee of Permanent Representatives.

Article 32 the Role of the


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Chairmanship of ASEAN

Theme for Myanmar ASEAN

Chairmanship


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p

Theme Moving Forward in Unity to a Peaceful andProsperous Community

Logo for Myanmar Chairmanship


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Logo

Strategic Direction To effectively implement the role of ASEAN Chair as


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To effectively implement the role of ASEAN Chair asprescribed by the ASEAN Charter.

To play a leading role in fulfilling the objectives andvision of ASEAN.

To enhance the centrality of ASEAN in cooperationwith countries around the world, international and

regional organizations; To play an independence and active role in ASEAN

in accordance with Myanmar Foreign Policy and itspriorities.

While promoting the regions interest in leadingASEAN, it will also be linked with the promotion ofnational interest of Myanmar.

r or es or yanmarChairmanship


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To ensure the full implementation of the remaining tasks inrealization of the ASEAN Community by 2015.

To set the priority areas for acceleration in implementation of theASEAN Community, to review the status of unfinished tasks, toset future initiatives to vitalize ASEAN, to formulate programmesthat will promote ASEAN external relations.

To carry out the review of ASEAN Charter, in order to maintainthe relevance of ASEAN in changing circumstances. To conduct the mid-term review of the implementation the ARF

vision statement and to develop a new vision for ARF. to transform ASEAN as a people-centred organization, to

enhance engagements with civil society, to accelerate

participation of women, youth, parliamentarians and media inthe activities of ASEAN. To set the ASEAN Vision beyond 2015.


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Central Committee


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Gala Dinner

ASEAN National SecretariatMOFA, NPED, MOC

ASCCCommittee

EPG

AECCommittee

APSCCommittee

EPG EPG

/Welcoming andaccommodation

Protocol

Catering

FinanceConstruction

BusinessHealth

entertainmentSanitation and Beautifying

Meeting management

SecurityInformation and Liaison

CommunicationTransport

Organising Committee forSummits and Related

MeetingsEPG

RespectiveMinistries

Sub-Committees(17)

Venue Planning

Substantive WorkCommittees(10)



h ll


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Challenges Physical

Convention Centre, Airlines, Hotels, Transportation,Catering and Restaurants, Banks, Credit Cards,

SouvenirsSubstantive

Strategic Directions, Priorities

Agenda Setting, Chairing the Meeting

Drafting of deliverables: agreements, declarations,statements

Rapporteuring and Summarizing

o ona a en er an enuePlanning


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Setting the Time Table Two summits, early May, October/NovemberAMM, early January, July/AugustJPM, April, September SOM, January, May, July, September,

Location of meeting venues Nay Pyi Taw,Yangon, Mandalay,

Bagan, Taunggyi, Chaungtha, Pyin Oo Lwin.

List of Meetings to be hosted by


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Myanmar as of 3 October 2013

Summit Meetings - 10

Ministerial Meetings - 73

Senior Officials Meetings - 50

Working Group Level Meetings - 108

Total - 241


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Composition of Delegationsh


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(19th Summits in Bali, 2011)Countries Delegates Supporting staff

USA 299 464

Japan 269 59

ROK 190 147

China 121 61

Thailand 110 11

India 94 116

Malaysia 94 41

Australia 81 32Philippines 58 63

Singapore 53 30

Myanmar 53 18

Total 2376 3683

Expected Guests arrivals


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pAMM

Retreat,15-18 January2014, Bagan

24thASEAN

Summit, 4-5 May 2014,Nay PyiTaw

47thAMM

and relatedmeetings31 July-3August2014, NayPyi Taw

25thASEAN

Summit, 14-15 October2014, Nay PyiTaw

Heads of States - 10 - 18

Foreign Ministers 10 10 30 18

Delegates 150 200 500 2500

Supporting Staff 200 300 200 3600

Media persons 200 1000 1000 1500

Civil Societyincluding Busines

- 1000 - 1000

Tourists 150,000 100,000 50,000 150,000

Budgeting


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Budget for ASEAN Summits

Presidents Office

Contingency Budget

Budget for Ministerial and Related Meetings Respective Ministries

Budget updates three times a year.

Outsourcing and Sponsorship


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Outsourcing on collectable items, such as shirts,document bags, gifts, folders, note pads, pens andpencils

Outsourcing on catering.

Outsourcing on event management.

Sponsorship by private companies on such things asbottled water, soft drinks, banners, motor vehicles

Seeking Assistance from ASEAN

d


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and Partner Countries Singapore is providing Training Assistance for capacity

building at Singapore Centre in Yangon

Thailand is providing Training Assistance for capacitybuilding

Malaysia is providing assistance for diplomatic training IMG through Norway Government will assist in ASEAN

Chairmanship Web Portal, they had conducted a trainingseminar on ASEAN Chairmanship

KOICA will provide assistance on conference management USAID conducted seminars on ASEAN Chairmanship and

ASEAN Economic Community

Seeking Assistance from Partner Countries


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France will provide Security Training for Security and Liaison Officers

Japan is providing assistance under Japan-ASEAN Integration Fund, Susuki Co.will provide 100 motorcycles.

Germany provided capacity building assistance under German InternationalCooperation

Hungary will provide assistance to capacity building in ICT

China will provide material assistance for ASEAN Chairmanship

Hans Seidel Foundation is providing capacity building assistance for ASEANChairmanship

Sasakawa Peace Foundation is providing assistance for interpretation training,observation missions and internship.

Aus-Aid provides assistance for observation missions and one attachement

officer,

Substantive Support


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Establishment of Eminent Persons Groups

Publication of ASEAN Reference Book inMyanmar Language

Directory for Focal Persons Publication of ASEAN Meetings Management

Manual

Background Analysis and Stances

Formation of Rapporteur Groups

Capacity Building Programme


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Local training programmes Training of Liaison Officers(five training have been

conducted more than 300 LO trained)

Workshop on Chairing ASEAN Meetings

Training for drafting groups(drafting group hasbeen formed)

Training for interpreters(2-year training programmeon-going)

Overseas trainings

Internship programmes(Cambodia and Brunei) Study tours( Vietnam, Thailand, Singapore,

Indonesia, Japan)

Human Resource Management


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Strengthening of ASEAN Affairs Department

Strengthening of ASEAN-Myanmar NationalSecretariat

Strengthening of National focal points at variousgovernment ministries and agencies

Public Awareness


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National Seminar on ASEAN Cooperation National Seminar on Media Participation (May) National Seminar on Civil Societies participation (December) Designing ASEAN Chairmanship Posters and banners(on-going) Publishing Myanmar ASEAN Chairmanship Pamphlets Writing ASEAN-related articles and publishing in Newspapers, Weekly Journals

and Myanmar Times TV interviews and video clips for taking and handing over ceremonies Myanmar ASEAN Chairmanship Essay contest ASEAN Flag Raising Ceremony(August) ASEAN Day Run or Marathon ASEAN Talks in States and Regions(NPED and MPF) Hosting ASEAN Sports Meet in conjunction with SEA Games (on-going) ASEAN Cross Country Cycling, Car Race ASEAN Day Blood Donation Drive ASEAN Day Cleaning campaigns Theme Song for ASEAN Chairmanship(Spirit of ASEAN)

Logistic Management


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Meeting event planning

Security Planning

Registration and issuance of identity cards

Meeting room planning

Motorcade Planning

Catering(Lunches & coffee breaks)

Gala Dinner Planning

Entertainment

Sightseeing

Spouse Programme

Substantive issues for Myanmar

h i hi


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Chairmanship ASEAN Community Post-2015 Vision

Inspirational Goals for 2030 (Indonesia) To double ASEAN GDP from USD 2.2 trillion to USD 4.4 trillion

in 2030 To half ASEAN poverty level from 18% to 9% by 2030

Review of ASEAN Charter Plans of Action for Beyond 2015 ASEAN Community

Successor Plan of Action for ASEAN Community Blue Prints(2016-2020), Nay Pyi Taw Plan of Action

IAI Work Plan( 2016-2021)

Connectivity Master Plan(2016-2021) Bali Concord(III) Plan of Action (2013-2017)

People-centred ASEAN

Challenges for Hotels and Tourism

Mi i t


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MinistryAre MHT ready to lead ASEAN in tourism matters in

2014?

Do you have enough rooms for ASEAN delegates?

Do you have enough service persons to carter theneeds of the guests?

How high your service standards? ASEAN Standard orInternational standard?

Do you have enough restaurants for the delegates?

Documents

2week Presentation