3 QEC Scientific Engineering Symposium for Students

College of Engineering

3rd QEC Scientific

Engineering Symposium

For Students

3rd QEC Scientific Engineering Symposium for Students

9th April 2019

College of Engineering

3rd QEC Scientific Engineering for Students

Abstracts

April 2019 – Shaban 1440H

Year 2018/2019

Scientific Abstracts Organizing Committee

3rd Symposuim Chair

Dr.Muhanad Alaraj

Dr.Fawaz Ali Al-harbi

Logistic

Faha

Mr.Fahad Al-Saleem

Purchasing

Dr.Anwar

Dr.Gamal

Dr.Saad

Dr.Rizwan

Prof.Ahmed

Advisory Committee

Prof.Dr. Ibrahim Saleh Al-Salamah CE Department

Dr. Ibrahim Saad Alsaidan EE Department

Dr. Abdulrahman alrabian ME Department

Poster and Project Evaluators

Dr. Abdulelah Al-Harbi, EE Department, QEC

Mr. Mohammed Al-Rajhi, EE Department, QEC

Prof.Dr.Abul Razag Mohamad, CE Department, QEC

Mr.Bader Al-Saeed, CE Department, QEC

Prof.Dr. Mohammed Bin Tersiah, ME Department, QEC

Prof.Dr. Hany Ali Sherif, ME Department, QEC

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

As always, we give our praise and thanks to the almighty Allah for giving us the strength

and health, and providing us with his protection and mercy. We would like to thank all

supervisors who inspired to work hard during the Senior Design Project (SDP) and to

chase all students, which we believe are almost a reality.

We would also like to thank the Dean of Engineering Faculty Dr. Meshal Ibrahim

Almoshaogeh who looks after the students in order to make sure that they get a proper

education and training.

Overall, our special heartfelt thanks goes to everybody who have supported this

proceeding during the symposuim.

College of Engineering – Dean’s Message

College of Engineering at Qassim University seeks to offer a developed and

accredited engineering education to satisfy the needs of the job market, and to

offer society and research services which support the sustained development in

the Kingdom and participate in the knowledge economy.

This is the mission of the College of Engineering in Qassim University, for

which great efforts are done to be achieved through an ambitious strategic

plan for the coming ten years. Through this strategic plan the college hopes by

the end of 2020 to achieve its vision as “a locally and regionally recognized

college in the engineering education and scientific research, and supporting the

sustained development in Qassim and Kingdom.

كلمة عميد الكلية -كلية الهندسة

سوق العمل ومعتمد لتلبية احتياجات تسعى كلية الهندسة في جامعة القصيم إلى توفير تعليم هندسي متطور

.، وتقديم خدمات مجتمعية وبحثية تدعم التنمية المستدامة في المملكة وتسهم في بناء اقتصاد المعرفة

ة القصيم التي تسعى جاهدة لتحقيقها من خلال خطة استراتيجية تلك هي رسالة كلية الهندسة في جامع

هـ وهي أن تكون "كلية 0441طموحة لعشر سنوات قادمة تأمل الكلية أن تحقق بها رؤيتها في نهاية عام

في التعليم الهندسي والبحث العلمي داعمة للتنمية المستدامة في القصيم وإقليميا متميزة وطنيا

البكالوريوس الثلاثة؛ الهندسة الكهربائية عي عند تصميم الخطط الدراسية لبرامج والمملكة".وقد رو

والمدنية والميكانيكية، أن تكون شاملة تحقق الجوانب الأربعة الأساسية في التعليم الهندسي الحديث وهي

.ة: الرياضيات وأساسيات الهندسة ، التحليل والمعرفة ،التصميم الهندسي ، التدريب والممارس

About Senior Design Project (SDP)

Symposuim allow students to test their engineering knowledge in a related field setting prior

to graduation. On each project, three to four students collaborate to design, build, and test a

realistic engineering system under faculty supervision. Each project is completed for a real

task, thereby giving students an opportunity to experience engineering challenges paralleling

those found in the real life learning. While working on the projects, students must consider

safety, economic, environmental, and ethical concerns.

By working on capstone projects the students learn to deal with open-ended questions, and

get a chance to pull together as a group the many things they've learned in classes throughout

their undergraduate degree. Completed senior design projects in a range of disciplines are

showcased each spring at the Engineering Design Expo in the Integrated Teaching and

Learning Laboratory.

Publication Process

After completing the senior design project the students are required to submit abstract in

english as well as in Arabic according to certain format to be publish in the Symposuim

proceeding. The best selected abstract will be completed as a paper and will be publish in

Journal of engineering and computer science.

Abstract Submission Guidelines

College of engineering encourages Senior Design Project (SDP) that introduces good

ideas and concepts, research and understandings to the field. Please read the following

guidelines carefully before submitting your abstract:

Abstracts can only be submitted online via [email protected]; submissions by

hardcopy will not be considered.

You may submit as many abstracts as you like from your SDP

All abstracts must be written in English and also a copy of Arabic in the same page.

It is the author’s responsibility to submit a correct abstract. Any errors in spelling,

grammar or scientific fact in the abstract text will be reproduced as typed by the

author. Abstract titles will be also subject to a spell check.

Plagiarism

Please regard plagiarism as serious professional misconduct.

Submission Dateline

The final deadline to submit the abstract is 2th of April 2019 (Sunday)

Abstract Structure

The entire abstract should include

1. Background: indicate the purpose and objective of the research, the hypothesis that

was tested or a description of the problem being analyses or evaluated

2. Method: describe the study period / setting / location, study design, data collection

and methods of analysis used.

3. Results: present as clearly and in as much detail as possible the findings / outcome

of the study. Please summarize any specific results.

4. Conclusion: explain the significance of your findings / outcomes of the study and

future implications of the results.

Objectives of collecting Abstracts

All SDP abstracts will be printed and publish in a series book by the college of engineering

as they appear in the preview step.

mailto:[email protected]

Abstarct Format

AN EXAMPLE OF A PROPERLY FORMATTED SUBMISSION TO

BOOKLET (Font Arial size 11, Bold and uppercase)

Student1 name, Student2 name, Student3 name and Supervisor Name (Font 12)

Department of …………….. Engineering (Font 11 time new roman)

College of Engineering, Qassim University

[email protected], [email protected], [email protected]

and [email protected]

ABSTRACT

College of Engineering at Qassim University seeks to offer a developed and accredited

engineering education to satisfy the needs of the job market. The main objective of this study

is to offer research services to society which support the sustained development in the

Kingdom and participate in the knowledge economy. The method used to achieve these

objectives was done in great efforts through data collection in the ambitious strategic plan for

the last ten years. The results obtained in this study shows that a locally recognized college in

the engineering education and scientific research, and supporting the sustained development

in Qassim and Kingdom was identified as college of engineering – Qassim University. This

study concludes that, the performance of the college according to the strategic plan was

achieved significantly (95.9%) and prepare by the end of 2020 to achieve its vision for

international recognition.

Key Words: Qassim University, College of Engineering, Strategic planning, Society, research

services

الملخص

الرئيسي الهدف. عملال سوق إحتياجات لتلبية والمعتمد المتقدم الهندسي التعليم لتقديم القصيم جامعة في الهندسة كلية تسعى

. المعرفى ادالاقتص في والمشاركة المملكة في المستدامة التنمية تدعم والتي للمجتمع بحثية خدمات تقديم هو الدراسة هذه من

اتيجيةالاستر الخطة المتوفرة حسب البيانات جمع خلال من رةكبي بجهودا الأهداف هذه لتحقيق المستخدمة تمت دراسة وقد

لقصيم فى ا بجامعة الهندسة الدراسة اثبتت كفاءة كلية هذه من عليها المتحصل النتائج. الماضية العشر للسنوات الطموحة

. والمملكة يمالقص في مةالمستدا التنمية ودعم العلمي، والبحث الهندسي التعليم المقدمة على مستوى الجامعات بالمملكة في

رؤيتها لتحقيق وإعدادها( ٪9..9) ملحوظ بشكل الاستراتيجية للخطة وفقا الكلية أداء تحقيق تم أنه الدراسة هذه وتلخص

.0101 عام نهاية الدولي بحلول للاعتراف

والجمعيات وخدمات البحوث الاستراتيجي، التخطيط الهندسة، كلية القصيم، جامعة: البحث محاور

Supervisor Name and Department: Dr.Anwar Hassan Ibrahim, Department of

Electrical Engineering




CONTENTS

II ................................................................................................ بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

Aknowledgment ................................................................................................ III

Dean's Message ................................................................................................. IV

Aknowledgment ................................................................................................. V

About SDP Abstarct ........................................................................................ VII

SDP Abstract format ...................................................................................... VIII

Sample of SDP Abstract .................................................................................... IX

Table of Contents ........................................... XError! Bookmark not defined.

List of Symbols ................................................................................................ XI

Electrical and Electronics Engineering Abstract

DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF POWER ELECTRONIC CONVERTER TO

CONTROL THE DIRECTION AND THE SPEED OF THE UNIVERSAL MOTOR

Majed Bander Al-Mutiri, Abdulmalik Saleh Al-Harbi, Abdualziz Al-furayh, Prof. Dr

Mohammed A. Abdel-halim

SOFT STARTER FOR THREE PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR

Abdullah Mohammed Alduayji, Ali Sultan Alsamnan, Hamoud Melfi Alharbi, Prof. Dr.

Ahmed Alaa

DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF PHOTOVOLTAIC – THERMOELECTRIC

(PVTE) DUAL AXIS(DA) TRACKING SYSTEM

Waleed Abdualrahman Altuwayjiri, Mohammed Salah Alhigres, Professor Dr. Arvid Tiwari

DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF PID CONTROLLERS FOR POWER

SYSTEMS CONSIDERING GENERATION RATE CONSTRAINTS

Nader Ali Alarfaj, Ibrahim Sulaiman Alsallal, Saleh Mohammed Alsaleem Prof. Ibraheem

Nasiruddin

DESIGN OF VOLTAGE CONTROL SCHEMES BASED ON FACTS DEVICES IN

POWER SYSTEM NETWORK

Saad Ali Alharbi, Abdulmajeed Habes Alharbi, Mohammed Lafi Alenezi, and Professor Dr.

Naimul Hasan

OPTIMAL DESIGN OF BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE FOR MICROGRID

APPLICATIONS

Nawaf Ali Alaraj, Basil Khalid Algharraa , Asim Saleh Alturaif, Dr. Ibrahim Alsaidan

DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF DIGITAL WATERMARKING TECHNIQUE

FOR COPYRIGHT PROTECTION USING MATLAB

Mohammed Al-Humaidi, Omar Aldkeul, Associate Prof. Dr. Ahmed Abdelwahab

DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A MODULE TO IMPROVE VEHICLE AIR

VENTILATION SYSTEM

Abdulaziz Al-Suhaibani, Abdullah Almogbel, Abdullah Aldhami, Dr. Ahsan Rahman

A MIXED-SIGNAL INTERFACE CIRCUITS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL

MONITORING

Sultan Abdullah Almawash, Mohammed Saleh Alrobay, Suliman Ibrahim Alaqeel, Dr.

Abdulaziz Alhoshany

DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF SCHOOL BUS REMOTE MONITORING,

ORGANIZING AND ALERTING SYSTEM

Tariq Ahmed Al-Muqbil, Abdullah Saleh Al-Rubaysh, Abdulkarim Abdullah Al-Sagri,

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Rizwan Arkam

Civil Engineering Abstract

DESIGN OF SEWERAGE SYSTEM AND WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT FOR

A RESIDENTIAL AREA IN THE CITY OF BURAYDAH

Saleh Al-Owaysi F,aisal Al-Towaijiry, Abdullah Al-Hassan, Suliman Al-Zuwayyed and Dr.

Husnain Haider

DESIGN AND OPTIMIZATION OF WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM FOR THE CITY OF

BURAYDAH

Mohammed Salim Al-Ghedair, Abdullah Homod Al-Tuaijri, Abdullah Nasser Al-Quraishi

Abdullah Attallah Al-Dakhil, Dr. Husnain Haider

DESIGN OF WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT FOR QASSIM UNIVERSITY

Ahmad Mahmoud Al Rashidi, Abdullah Sulaiman Al Quraishi, Saif Hamad Al Harbi, Ahmed

Abdullah Al Thwuini and Dr. Md. Shafiquzzaman

DESIGN OF WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT FOR BURAIDAH CITY

Abdullah Salih Alsughayyir,Mtab Abdulalrahman Alomar ,Ahmed Mohammed

Alhumaid ,Suliman Fahad Alwheibi and Dr. Md. Shafiquzzaman

GEOTECHNICAL ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF A FOUNDATION SYSTEM FOR

TWO BUILDINGS; RESIDENTIAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE

Ammar Mohammed Al-Hagri, Ahmed Shawqi Al-Arbeed, Khalid Mohammed Al-Bulayhi

Abdullah Hulaiel Al-Harbi, Dr. Sherif El-Kholy

OPTIMIZING WATER HARVESTING FROM WADI AL-ROMAH

Abdullah Yousef Alkhalifah, Anas Hamad Alsulaim, Rayan Fahed Almsheeti Mohammed

Abdulkarim Almiqbil, Dr.Yousry Ghazaw

Mechanical Engineering Abstract

DESIGNING OF AN EXPERIMENTAL SETUP FOR VIBRATION

MEASUREMENTS OF PUMP CAVITATION

Mohammed Al-obaid, Abdulaziz Al-harbi, Prof. Dr. Hany A. Sherif and Dr. Hussein Z.

Korany

DESIGNING OF A SOLAR/BATTERY POWERED QUADCOPTER

Ahmad Nawaf Alharbi, Ibrahim Alhassan, Mohammed Nasser Alsubaie Dr.Saad Mukras

DESIGN, INVESTIGATION, AND FABRICATION OF AIR PURIFIER TO

CONTROL THE SMOKE

Ahmed Al-Harbi,Ali. Suraikh,Feras Al-Sudairy, Dr.Mohammed Saleh Al-Shetawi

PORTABLE AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM USING PHASE CHANGE

MATERIALS

Ahmad Alodah, Sufyan Alqurban, Dr. Ahmed Alshwairekh

DESIGN AND MANUFACTURING OF EROSION-CORROSION TEST RIG

(SLURRY POT TESTER)

Faris Khaled Al-Shodokhi, Khaled Mubarak, Meshal Al-Fahad, Eng. Ramdan Bedri

DEVELOPMENT OF A COOLING WATER SYSTEM FOR RESIDENTIAL ROOF

TANKS

Abdullah Mohammed Alharbi, Abdualmalik Abdulaziz Albelaihy, Mohanned Mohammed

Alotaibi, Prof. Dr. Mohammed Abdelhafid Bentrcia

DESIGN, MANUFACTURING AND IMPLEMENTATION OF MECHANICAL

GRIPPER MODEL

AbdullahAlhumaid, Abdullah Aldhbayb, Abdullah Alharby, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Abdelraheim

Emad

Master of Sceince in Engineering Abstract

AUTOMATIC GENERATION CONTROL STRATEGIES IN INTERCONNECTED

POWER SYSTEMS UNDER DEREGULATED ENVIRONMENT

Ibrahim Abdullah Alharbi, Prof.Dr. Ibraheem Nasiruddin

DEVELOPMENT OF PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT MODEL FOR MUNICIPAL

SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS IN QASSIM REGION-SAUDI ARABIA

Hatem Abdulaziz AlHumid and Dr. Husnain Haider

DEVELOPMENT OF A RISK-BASED WATER SAFETY MANAGEMENT MODEL

FOR INTERMITTENT WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS

Mohammed H Alkhowaiter and Dr. Husnain Haider

CHARACTERIZATION AND TREATMENT OF ABLUTION WASTEWATER

Saleh Khalaf Alharb and Dr. Shafiquzzaman

MICROSTRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF HIGH ENTROPY

ALLOYS PREPARED BY MECHANICAL ALLOYING

Yaser A. Al-Shataif, Dr. Fahad Al-Mufadi, Dr. S.Sivasankaran

INVESTIGATION ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF POLY LACTIC ACID

(PLA) BASED BIO-COMPONENTS PRODUCED BY FUSION DEPOSITION

MODELING – A REVIEW

Mr.Abdullah Ibrahim, Dr. S.Sivasankaran and Dr.Bandar Abdullah Aloyaydi

DECREASING BRITTLENESS OF HIGH PERFORMANCE CONCRETE BY

USING STEEL FIBER

Eng. Omar Ali Alrebdi, Dr. Ahmed Fouad Elragi

PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF HYBRID PHOTOVOLTAIC

THERMOELECTRIC WATER COLLECTOR SYSTEM (PV-TE)

Omar Abdulaziz Alashqar and Prof.Dr. Arvind Tiwari

PROCESSING AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES EVOLUTIONS OF IMPLANT

MATERIALS – AN OVER VIEW

Mr.Ammar Alareqi, Dr. S.Sivasankaran and Dr.Bandar Abdullah Aloyaydi

ENHANCING THE PERFORMANCE OF WIND-DRIVEN CAGE INDUCTION

GENERATORS THROUGH CHANGING THE NUMBER OF POLES

Abdul-karim abdul-mohsen alghunaim and Prof. Mohammed A. Abdel-halim

ENHANCING THE PERFORMANCE OF SELF-EXCITED WIND-DRIVEN CAGE

INDUCTION GENERATOR THROUGH ALTERING THE POLES

Ahmed Al-methen and Prof. Mohammed A. Abdel-halim

DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF POWER

ELECTRONIC CONVERTER TO CONTROL THE

DIRECTION AND THE SPEED OF THE UNIVERSAL

MOTOR

Majed Bander Al-Mutiri, Abdulmalik Saleh Al-Harbi, Abdualziz Al-furayh

Supervisor Name: Prof. Dr Mohammed A. Abdel-halim

Department of Electrical Engineering

College of Engineering, Qassim University [email protected] [email protected]

[email protected]

ABSTRACT

The universal motor is a common motor used in various applications and they

have distinctive characteristics including: having a high starting torque and

rotation at high speeds. The objective of our work in the Senior Design Project

is to design and implement a semiconductor-based converter for controlling the

speed and the direction of the universal motor. This is achieved through using a

power electronic converter, namely; a line bridge incorporating triacs across the

motor field winding. This is useful in controlling both the direction and the speed

at the same time. The speed is governed by controlling the firing angle to reduce

the voltage applied to the motor, and by switching the arms the exciting field

current is switched, which causes reversing of rotation.

Key Words: universal motor, Triac Bridge, Speed control, Direction reversing.

الملخص

ء بد عزم : تتضمن مميزة مواصفات متلكوي المستخدمة المحركات انواع اشهر منعتبري عامال لمحركا

تصميم هو هذا التخرج مشروع من الهدف. عالية بسرعات الدوران أيضا القدرة علىو عالي حركة

طريق نع , المشروع هذا في، المحركدوران اتجاهكذلك و السرعة في للتحكم الموصلات اشباه محول

في التحكم لنا سيتيح قنطرة خط اسم عليه يطلق معين وبتوصيل الكهربائية التحكم صمامات استخدام

المحرك على المطبق الجهد تخفيض خلال من بالسرعة التحكم يتم انه حيث واحد آن في الاتجاه و السرعة

ملفات تيار اتجاه تغييرب سيكون المحرك دوران اتجاه في والتحكم الصمامات اشعال يةوزا باستخدام

ة من خلال تبديل أذرع القنطرة.المغنط

.العام ، قنطرة تراياك، التحكم في السرعة ، تغيير الإتجاه البحث: المحرك محاور

Supervisor Name and Department: Prof.Dr Mohammed A. Abdel-halim ,





SOFT STARTER FOR THREE PHASE INDUCTION

MOTOR

Abdullah Mohammed Alduayji, Ali Sultan Alsamnan, Hamoud Melfi Alharbi,

Prof. Dr. Ahmed Alaa

Electrical Engineering Department

College of Engineering, Qassim University [email protected], [email protected] [email protected],

[email protected]

ABSTRACT

Induction motors are being widely used for various applications such as

conveyor systems, blowers, fans, etc. The efficiency of these systems depends

on the performance of induction motor, which in turn depends on the starting

and running performance of induction motor. The three phase induction motor

during the initial starting condition draws up much higher current than its

capacity. This results in a mechanical jerk and thermal stress on the windings

of the motor. Sometimes, the windings may get burnt. To solve this problem,

many solutions have been provided to take over on this high current such as

auto-transformer, star-delta and frequency converter. This project is based on

resolve this problem by giving a smooth start to the induction motor based on

using the SCR (triacs) which is triggered at larger delayed firing angle during

starting, and then gradually reducing the delay till it reaches zero voltage

triggering. This results in low voltage during start and then gradually increase

to full voltage. Thus the motor starts slowly and then slowly picks up to full

speed. The control of starting voltage is done by using micro-controller

(Arduino). Key Words: Qassim University, College of Engineering, Induction

motor, motor current control, SCR triggering.

الملخص

الهدف من مشروع التخرج هذا هو تصميم وتطبيق متحكم دائرة كهربائية تتحكم بالجهد )التشغيل الناعم(

تصل مباشرة بالمصدر. هذا المحرك لديه تيار عالي عند بداية التشغيل اذا اثلاثي الطور حثيمحرك ل

هذا يالكهربائي مما يؤثر على أداء المحرك وبالتالي يضعف كفاءته ويلحق الضرر أو التلف بالمحرك. ف

المشروع سنستخدم فكرة تغذية المحرك بالفولت على هيئة دفعات باستخدام الثايرستور )الترياك( وذلك

سنقوم )الأردوينو(، ربها مايكرو كونترول بتغيير زاوية بدء عمل الثايرستور، والتي سيقوم بالتحكم

بتصميم دائرة حساب التيار لتكون مدخلا للأردوينو وعلى أساسها يقوم بالتحكم بالزاوية المطلوبة أثناء

فترة التشغيل.

المحرك الحثي،التحكم بتيار المحرك، التحكم بالتوصيل الهندسة، كلية القصيم، جامعة: البحث محاور

ايرستور باستخدام الث

Supervisor Name and Department: Prof. Dr. Ahmed Alaa, Department of



DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF PHOTOVOLTAIC

– THERMOELECTRIC (PVTE) DUAL AXIS(DA) TRACKING

SYSTEM

Waleed Abdualrahman Altuwayjiri, Mohammed Salah Alhigres, Professor Dr. Arvid Tiwari



[email protected], [email protected],

[email protected]

ABSTRACT

Hybrid photovoltaic thermal systems (HPVT) have shown better performance

in terms of energy, life cycle assessment and being economical to the PV only

systems in standalone configuration. In this project, we intend to compare the

performance of hybrid PV – TEC thermal systems performance employing dual

axis sun tracking system with fixed frame system to enhance the electrical

output and hence obtain better efficiency from the system.

Key words: Dual axis tracking system. Thermoelectric generators(TE). Effect

of TE on PV.

الملخص

( أداء أفضل من حيث الطاقة وأصبحت HPVTظهرت الأنظمة الحرارية الكهروضوئية الهجينة )أ

مة الأنظ مقارنة سوف نقوم ب . في هذا المشروع، ةلأنظمة الكهروضوئية المستقلا أكثر من اقتصادية

رنة لمقاثابت ام نظباستخدام نظام تتبع أشعة الشمس ثنائي المحور مع (PV - TEC)الحرارية الهجينة

على كفاءة أفضل من النظام.نحصل المخرجات الكهربائية وبالتالي وتحسين

محاورالبحث: نظام التتبع المزدوج. المولدات الحرارية. تأثير المولدات الحرارية على اللوح الشمسي

.

Supervisor Name and Department: Prof. Arvind Tiwari, Department of




DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF PID CONTROLLERS

FOR POWER SYSTEMS CONSIDERING GENERATION

RATE CONSTRAINTS

Nader Ali Alarfaj, Ibrahim Sulaiman Alsallal, Saleh Mohammed Alsaleem

Prof. Ibraheem Nasiruddin



[email protected] , [email protected],

[email protected], [email protected].

ABSTRACT

Over the last few decades, enormous changes have been witnessed in power system

structure and therefore, their operational and control problems become very complex and

difficult. Operating a power system in interconnected fashion has aggravated the complexity

further. To provide good quality of electricity to consumers, an effective and reliable control

schemes are required to regulate the system frequency and voltage levels to their nominal

values following the load disturbance in the system. The present SDP aims to design PID

structured controllers to regulate the frequency of a two-area interconnected power system

consisting of reheat thermal turbines in the wake of step load disturbance in the system. As

generation rate constraint(GRC) is generally imposed in real time power system operation on

generators, the effect of GRC on system dynamic performance is incorporated in the study.

From the investigations of the system dynamic plots obtained for step load disturbance in one

of the areas, it is revealed that the designed regulators/controllers are very effective to mitigate

the deviations caused due to disturbance. Moreover, it is shown that incorporation of GRC

has resulted in the deterioration in system dynamic performance..

الملخص

لماضية ، حدثت تغييرات هائلة في هيكل نظام الطاقة ، وبالتالي أصبحت مشاكل التشغيل والتحكم على مدى العقود القليلة ا

معقدة وصعبة للغاية. فأصبح متطلبا لتوفير نوعية جيدة من الكهرباء للمستهلكين وجود خطط تحكم فعالة وموثوق بها لتنظيم

يهدف المشروع الحالي إلى تصميم لحمل في النظام.تردد النظام ومستويات الجهد لقيمها الافتراضية بعد اضطراب ا

وحدات تحكم لتنظيم تردد نظام الطاقة المترابط من منطقتين والذي يتكون من التوربينات الحرارية في بعد الاضطراب

ات ، دالحاصل في النظام. نظرا لفرض قيود على معدل التوليد عموما في تشغيل نظام القدرة في الوقت الفعلي على المول

يتم دمج تأثير قيود معدل التوليد على الأداء الديناميكي للنظام في الدراسة.

Supervisor Name and Department: Prof. Ibraheem Nasiruddin, Department of Electrical

Engineering



DESIGN OF VOLTAGE CONTROL SCHEMES BASED ON

FACTS DEVICES IN POWER SYSTEM NETWORK

Saad Ali Alharbi, Abdulmajeed Habes Alharbi, Mohammed Lafi Alenezi, and Professor

Dr. Naimul Hasan



[email protected], [email protected]


ABSTRACT

In last few decades, electric power demand is increasing at a very fast pace and the power

industry has witnessed many structural and technological changes. The stability of power

system has become more difficult these days as consumption of electrical power fluctuates

randomly. Due to limited resources of power generation, the transmission lines getting

heavily loaded and facing the various important issues like; stability, voltage sag, and

reactive power. The FACTS technology is essentially proved in tackling these issues and

able to alleviate them efficiently. Flexible alternating – current transmission systems

(FACTs) devices usually install power electronic devices at the appropriate places of the

existing AC systems to enhance controllability and increase power transfer capability. In this

project, the various reactive power compensation techniques based on FACTS devices like

thyristor controlled phase shifter (TCPS), static Var compensators (SVC) and Static

Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC) are considered for design and implementing the

voltage control schemes in the power system network using Power System Analysis Toolbox

(PSAT) via the link with MATLAB.

Key Words: FACTs, Reactive Power, Voltage Control, SVC, SSSC, TCPS

الملخص

سريعة للغاية وشهدت صناعة الطاقة العديد من في العقود القليلة الماضية، ازداد الطلب على الطاقة الكهربائية بوتيرة

التغييرات الهيكلية والتكنولوجية. أصبح استقرار نظام الطاقة أكثر صعوبة هذه الأيام حيث يتقلب استهلاك الطاقة

الكهربائية بشكل عشوائي، نظرا لمحدودية موارد توليد الطاقة، و تحميل خطوط النقل بشكل كبير ومواجهة مختلف

نظام نقل التيار المتردد المرن ت الهامة مثل ااسستقرارية ، انخاا الههد ، والطاقة التااعلية . أببت تقنيةالمشكلا

(FACTS مقدرتها على معالهة هذه المشكلات وقدرتها على التخايف من حدتها بكااءة. عادة ما تقوم أجهزة أنظمة )

رة إلكترونية في الأماكن المناسبة لأنظمة التيار المتردد ( بتركيب أجهزة قدFACTSنقل التيار المتردد المرن )

الموجودة لتعزيز القدرة على التحكم وزيادة القدرة على نقل الطاقة. في هذا المشروع، يوجد العديد من تقنيات تعويض

درة التااعلية ، معوضات الق (TCPS( الثايرستور المتحكم بناقل الطور )FACTSالقدرة التااعلية القائمة على أجهزة )

شبكة نظام لتصميم وتنايذ خطط التحكم في الههد في (SSSC) ساكنةال ةومعو السلسلة المتزامن (SVCالساكنة )

( بإستخدام برنامج الماتلاب .PSATالقدرة بإستخدام أداة تحليل نظام القدرة )

Supervisor Name and Department: Professor Dr. Naimul Hasan, Department of

Electrical





OPTIMAL DESIGN OF BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE FOR

MICROGRID APPLICATIONS

Nawaf Ali Alaraj, Basil Khalid Algharraa , Asim Saleh Alturaif, Dr. Ibrahim Alsaidan





ABSTRACT

Growing concern for environmental issues poses significant chance to utilization of

distributed renewable energy resource. The intermittent nature of renewable energy put power

system at risk. Microgrid is introduced as a strategy to integrate renewable energy resource

from various locations with power system. In addition, Battery energy storage (BES) plays an

important role in microgrid operation and control, as it can potentially improve local reliability

and resilience, reduce operation cost, and mitigate challenges caused by high penetration

renewable generation. The main drawback that limits the installation of BES is their high

investment cost. However, to ensure an acceptable economic and technical performance, BES

must be optimally sized in terms of its power rating and energy rating size. In this project, the

concept of microgrid is studied and the applications of BES in microgrid operation are

discussed. Moreover, a BES design model that enables microgrid planners to determine the

optimal size of the installed BES is developed.

Key Words: Qassim University, College of Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Battery

energy storage, Microgrid expansion, Mixed integer programming, Optimal

sizing.

الملخص

ة المتجددة المتقطع للطاق التوليد ة.البيئية فرصة كبيرة لاستخدام موارد الطاقة المتجدد بالمشاكليمثل الاهتمام المتزايد

الشبكة ة مع دلدمج موارد الطاقة المتجدالشبكة الكهربائية المصغرة طرحت استراتيجية للخطر.الشبكة الكهربائية عرض ي

حيث يمكن ،الشبكة الكهربائية المصغرة دورا مهما في التشغيل والتحكم فيات البطاري تلعببالإضافة إلى ذلك، .الكهربائية

هو التكلفة بطارياتال. العيب الرئيسي الذي يحد من تركيب التشغيلقلل من تكاليف وت، للشبكةحسن الموثوقية والمرونة تأن

ل من على النحو الأمث البطارياتالية. ومع ذلك، لضمان أداء اقتصادي وتقني مقبول، يجب أن يكون حجم الاستثمارية الع

لبطارياتاتطبيقات الشبكة الكهربائية المصغرة وتم مناقشة الطاقة. في هذا المشروع، تم دراسة مفهومالقدرة و حجمحيث

حجم الأمثليمكن من تحديد ال للبطارياتتطوير نموذج تصميم علاوة على ذلك، تمالشبكة الكهربائية المصغرة. في تشغيل

.للبطاريات

البطارية، الشبكة الكهربائية المصغرة، البرمجة، تصميم الهندسة الكهربائية، الهندسة، كلية القصيم، جامعة: البحث محاور

الحجم المثالي.

Supervisor Name and Department: Dr. Ibrahim Alsaidan, Department of Electrical

Engineering.

DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF DIGITAL

WATERMARKING TECHNIQUE FOR COPYRIGHT

PROTECTION USING MATLAB

Mohammed Al-Humaidi, Omar Aldkeul, Associate Prof. Dr. Ahmed Abdelwahab



[email protected], [email protected],[email protected].

ABSTRACT

Over the past several decades, digital information science has emerged to seek answers to the

question: can any technique ensure tamper-resistance and protect the copyright of digital

contents by storing, transmitting and processing information encoded in systems where digital

content can easily be disseminated through communication channels? Today it is understood

that the answer is yes. Digital watermarking is a technology of embedding watermark with

intellectual property rights into images, videos, audios, and other multimedia data by a certain

algorithm. The basic characteristics of digital watermark are imperceptibility, capacity,

robustness, Low Complexity and security of the hiding place. Moreover, the Classification of

digital watermarking applications are Copyright Protection, Fingerprinting, Copy Control,

Content integrity, Broadcast Monitoring, Owner Identification and Medical Applications. The

digital watermarking can be embedded by a several domains. Every domain used in the

embedding has weaknesses and features. The digital watermarking can be implemented using

several platforms. However, in this report it is implemented using MATLAB.

Key Words: Copyright, Watermark, Cryptography, MATLAB program.

الملخص

على مدى العقود العديدة الماضية، ظهر علم المعلومات الرقمية سعيا للحصول على إجابات على السؤال: هل يمكن لأي

ة حقوق النشر للمحتويات الرقمية من خلال تخزين ونقل ومعالجة المعلومات المشفرة تقنية أن تضمن مقاومة التلاعب وحماي

الإجابة هي نقول أن في أنظمة يمكن نشر المحتوى الرقمي فيها بسهولة من خلال قنوات الاتصال؟ اليوم من الممكن أن

لكية الفكرية في الصور ومقاطع الفيديو نعم. تعد العلامة المائية الرقمية تقنية لتضمين العلامة المائية مع حقوق الم

والتسجيلات الصوتية وبيانات الوسائط المتعددة الأخرى بواسطة خوارزمية معينة. الخصائص الأساسية للعلامة المائية

الرقمية هي عدم التأثير في جودة المحتوى الرقمي، والسعة المتوفرة، والمتانة، وانخفاض التعقيد وأمن مكان الاختباء.

وة على ذلك، فنن تصنيف تطبيقات العلامات المائية الرقمية هي حماية حقوق الطبع والنشر، ومتابعة توزيع النس،، علا

والتحكم في عدد النس،، وسلامة المحتوى، ومراقبة البث، وتحديد هوية المالك والتطبيقات الطبية. يمكن تضمين العلامة

كل مجال يستخدم في التضمين به نقاط ضعف وميزات. يمكن تنفيذ العلامة المائية الرقمية بواسطة العديد من المجالات.

.MATLABالمائية الرقمية باستخدام العديد من المنصات. ومع ذلك ، في هذا التقرير يتم تنفيذه باستخدام

..MATLAB: حقوق الطبع والنشر ، العلامة المائية ، التشفير ، برنامج البحث محاور

Supervisor Name and Department: Dr. Ahmed Abdelwahab Department of Electric

Engineering


DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A MODULE TO

IMPROVE VEHICLE AIR VENTILATION SYSTEM

Abdulaziz Al-Suhaibani, Abdullah Almogbel, Abdullah Aldhami, Dr. Ahsan Rahman



[email protected], [email protected], [email protected] ,

[email protected].

ABSTRACT

Due to hot weather or parking cars without shades (especially in summers) makes inside

of the car too hot which in turn makes it unbearable and difficult for not only passengers to

sit but also for driver and also for electronics of the car. Therefore, there is a need to develop

a system, which can ventilate the hot air in the car. Consequently, this project will develop a

low cost system to vent the air. The goal of the project is to reduce automobile's temperature

by throwing the hot air outside before the driver or passenger gets into the vehicle. The effect

of the product will be studied and will be analyze to study the engine is not overburdened,

conserving energy, protecting the environment and improving comfort. The main functions

of product will be to provide coolness, protect the car electric appliance, and health.

Key Words: Environmental control, Vehicle air ventilation, Temperature reduction, Arduino.

الملخص

صعب وي ريحةغير مو مرتفعة جداالسيارة داخل حرارة الدرجة الذي يجعلفي فصل الصيف لارتفاع حرارة الطقس نظرا

مشروع. وبالتالي ، سيطور هذا اللتخفيض درجة الحرارة لسيارةلهناك حاجة لتطوير نظام تهوية ف. فيهالجلوس الراكب على

الهواء إخراج. الهدف من المشروع هو خفض درجة حرارة السيارة عن طريق ةتهوية المركبنظاما منخفض التكلفة ل

التأكد أن والسائق أو الراكب إلى السيارة. ستتم دراسة تأثير المنتج وسيتم تحليله ركوبقبل خارج المركبة إلىالساخن

الرئيسية للجهاز هي المحافظة على الأهداف المحرك غير مثقل بالأعباء ، مما يوفر الطاقة ويحمي البيئة ويحسن الراحة.

صحة الراكب، والحفاظ على درجة الحرارة، وحماية الأجهزة الإلكترونية.

.تقليل درجة الحرارة، أردوينو ،نظام تهوية المركبةالحفاظ على البيئة، : البحث محاور

Supervisor Name and Department: Dr. Ahsan Rahman, Department of Electrical

Engineering

.

A MIXED-SIGNAL INTERFACE CIRCUITS FOR

ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING

Sultan Abdullah Almawash, Mohammed Saleh Alrobay, Suliman Ibrahim Alaqeel,

Dr. Abdulaziz Alhoshany



[email protected], [email protected], [email protected],

[email protected]

ABSTRACT

The advancement in the semiconductor industry has enabled an evolution in sensor

technology. Sensor now became miniaturized sophisticated multifunction microsystems.

This advancement facilitated the emergence several technologies such as wireless sensor

networks. They have endless applications including environmental monitoring. There

continues to be a need for developing mixed signal interface circuits to achieve the extreme

requirement of the sensor node. In this project, we have designed and developed a mixed

signal interface circuits for environmental monitoring that can digitize the capacitor sensor

using sigma-delta (∑∆) modulator to achieve 50.8 aF absolute resolution, 8pF wide dynamic

range and 15.47 ENOB with an oversampling ratio of 200 and sampling clock of 40 MHz.

Key Words: Smart sensor, Mixed signals circuits, Wireless sensor networks, Environmental

monitoring.

الملخص

إن التقدم في صناعة اشباه الموصلات مكن من التطور في تقنية الحساس. أصبح الحساس الان عبارة عن انظمة مصغرة

اللاسلكية. تحتوي هذه الشبكات متطورة ومتعددة الوظائف. هذا التقدم ساعد في ظهور عدة تقنيات مثل شبكات الحساس

على تطبيقات تتضمن المراقبة البيئية التي لاحصر لها. لايزال هناك حاجة الى تطوير واجهة الاشارات المتنوعة في

الدوائر الكهربائية لانجاز المتطلبات القصوى للحساس. في هذا المشروع قمنا بتصميم وتطوير دائرة قراءة الكترونية تقوم

ايتو فاراد ( ونطاق واسع 1.5.شارة من المستشعر الى قيمة رقمية. تتميز هذه الدائرة بدقة عالية تصل الى )بتحويل الا

اينوب(. 41..0بيكو فاراد( و ) 5يصل الى )

.قبة البيئيةالمرا شبكات الحساس الذكي، دوائر الاشارات المتنوعة، الحساس الذكي،: البحث محاور

Supervisor Name and Department: Dr.Abdulaziz Alhoshany, Department of Electrical

Engineering



DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF SCHOOL BUS

REMOTE MONITORING, ORGANIZING AND ALERTING

SYSTEM

Tariq Ahmed Al-Muqbil, Abdullah Saleh Al-Rubaysh, Abdulkarim Abdullah Al-Sagri,

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Rizwan Arkam



[email protected], [email protected] [email protected],

[email protected]

ABSTRACT

It is important for every school and parents to have a trustworthy and secure transportation

service to ensure the safety of the students. This has become a major concern for parents now-

a-days due to accident ratio along with incidents such as many children find themselves

locked in a school bus in the bus parking lot after falling asleep on their way to school, miss

the bus, or leave at the wrong station. It is also required for school administration to effectively

manage their bus fleet, potentially reduce mishaps, and ensuring the safety and security of the

students. This is where vehicle monitoring, organizing and alerting system takes effect. The

proposed system in the project provides real time information about various parameters of

vehicle (i.e. location, the route, the list of passengers, the adherence of drivers to schedule and

much more) by using appropriate sensor and alarm system. In our system we make use of

RFID (MFRC522), to identify each student as they board or alight the vehicle by reading the

id from their RFID tags. GPS (NEO-6M) technologies, is used to find the current geographic

coordinates of the vehicle's location. In order to connect them to a remote server over Wi-Fi,

Arduino (ESP-01) microcontroller has been used, to upload the information from the

peripherals to a database in the web server. The system consists of three main units, bus unit,

parent unit, and school unit. The bus unit is used to detect when a child enters/exits from the

bus using RFID Card. In addition, it checks the reading of the sensors inside the bus. That

information is sent to the parent unit and school unit. Parents unit is an Android app that helps

parents to track their kids effectively by providing them with information about the kid and

the bus. The parents can also use the app to estimate the arriving time of the bus too. The

school administration can also access the application to ensure student safety and contact a

driver or a parent. The application also allows the administration to be informed of

emergencies. The overall system is integrated together through a common database based on

internet of things (IoT) technology.



Key Words: Arduino, IoT, RFID, GPS, Wi-Fi, Android, PHP, SQL, Bus Remote Monitoring,

Organizing and Alerting System.

الملخص

العديد من من المهم أن يكون لدى كل من المدرسة وأولياء الأمور خدمة نقل آمنة وجديرة بالثقة لضمان سلامة الطلاب،

ى مثل أن العديد من الأطفال يجدون أنفسهم الآباء أصبحوا قلقين بسبب زيادة نسبة الحوادث، ذلك إلى جانب حوادث أخر

نومهم أثناء طريقهم إلى المدرسة، ومن المشاكل أيضا التأخر عن محبوسون في الحافلة المدرسية بعد نسيانهم فيها بسبب

ا أن ومن الأمور المهمة أيض ركوب الحافلة مما يؤدي إلى مغادرة الحافلة دونه، أو أن ينزل من الحافلة في المحطة الخطأ،

تتمكن إدارة المدرسة إدارة أسطول الحافلات بشكل فعال، والحد من الحوادث، وضمان سلامة وأمن الطلاب، بمعنى آخر

في الحافلات، يوفر النظام المقترح في هذا لنظام مراقبة وتنظيم للحافلات، بالإضافة إلى أنظمة الانذار امتلاك المدرسة

مثل الموقع، وقائمة الركاب، ومدى التزام السائقين بالجدول )عايير الحافلة المشروع معلومات لحظية حول مختلف م

RFID في نظامنا هذا نستخدم . وذلك عبر استخدام اجهزة استشعارية ونظم إنذار مناسبي،( الزمني، وغير ذلك الكثير

MFRC522ول، وذلك عن طريق لتعريف كل طالب أثناء صعوده أو نزوله من المركبة وتحديد موقع الصعود او النز

لتحديد الإحداثيات NEO-6M GPS، وأيضا يتم استخدام RFIDعبر بطاقات قراءة المعرف الخاص بكل طالب

الجغرافية الحالية لموقع الحافلة،

لتحميل المعلومات من الأجهزة الطرفية ونقلها إلى قاعدة Arduino ومتحكمWi-Fi ESP-01 قطعة ويستخدم المشروع

مشتركة في خادم الويب، يتكون النظام من ثلاث وحدات رئيسية، وحدة الحافلة، ووحدة الوالدين، ووحدة المدرسة،البيانات ال

بالإضافة إلى ذلك، فننه يتم ،RFID خروج الطفل من الحافلة باستخدام بطاقة/ يتم في وحدة الحافلة الكشف عن دخول

يتم إرسال هذه المعلومات إلى وحدة الوالدين ووحدة المدرسة، أما ثم التحقق من قراءة أجهزة الاستشعار داخل الحافلة،

يساعد الوالدين على تتبع أطفالهم بشكل فعال من خلال تزويدهم بمعلومات Android وحدة الوالدين فهي عبارة عن تطبيق

كن لإدارة حدة المدرسة، يموفي و يمكن للوالدين استخدام التطبيق لتقدير وقت وصول الحافلة، حول الطفل والحافلة، أيضا

و اخيرا تم دمج وحدات النظام المدرسة الوصول إلى التطبيق لضمان سلامة الطلاب ،والاتصال بالسائق أو أحد الوالدين،

. IoTمعا من خلال قاعدة بيانات مشتركة تستند إلى تقنية إنترنت الأشياء

.Arduino, IoT, RFID, GPS, Wi-Fi, Android, PHP, SQLمحاور البحث:

Supervisor Name and Department: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Rizwan Arkam, Department of


DESIGN OF SEWERAGE SYSTEM AND WASTEWATER TREATMENT

PLANT FOR A RESIDENTIAL AREA IN THE CITY OF BURAYDAH

Saleh Al-Owaysi F,aisal Al-Towaijiry, Abdullah Al-Hassan, Suliman Al-Zuwayyed

Dr. Husnain Haider

Department of Civil Engineering


[email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Sewerage system is the infrastructure that conveys sewage. It encompasses components such

as a network of sanitary sewers, manholes and pumping stations. Sewerage ends at the entry to

a sewage treatment plant. In this senior design project, a sanitary sewerage system and

wastewater treatment plant has been designed for a fully developed residential area in Buraydah

City. Design of sanitary sewerage system includes estimation of population served and peak

flows to design the sanitary sewers. Velocities in all the sewers are equal or higher than the

self-cleansing velocity of 0.6m/s. Invert levels are calculated for upstream and downstream of

each sewer. Locations of lift stations have also been identified for the sewers deeper than 15

m. A complete hydraulic statement has been developed on Excel worksheet. Longitudinal

profile for the longest sewer is also developed. A disposal station is designed to discharge the

collected water into the wastewater treatment plant. A wastewater treatment plant has been

designed for the same residential area; the main part of designing is calculating the volume and

dimensions of the bar screen, grit chamber, primary clarifier tank, rotating biological contractor

(RBC), secondary clarifier tank, sand filter, and at the end disinfection. The results obtained by

using the wastewater treatment formulas and criteria. The wastewater plant can treat the

wastewater for reusing it for agriculture purposes. The data processed through Microsoft Excel

program. Layout of WWTP is also developed.

Key Words: Sanitary Sewer, Sewerage System Design, Self-cleansing Velocity, Invert Level,

WWTP

الملخص

نظام الصرف الصحي هو عبارة عن بنية تحتية مسؤولة عن جمع ونقل مياه الصرف الصحي من المنازل والأماكن العامة،

ن شبكة أنابيب وغرف تفتيش ومحطات ض،، وينتهي نظام الصرف الصحي عند الدخول الى محطة المعالجة ويتكون م

لننتقل بعد ذلك الى الشق الثاني من المشروع. في هذا المشروع قمنا بتصميم نظام صرف صحي كامل لأحد الأحياء

، ويشمل نظام الصرف الصحي تقدير عدد الموجودة في بريدة بالإضافة إلى تصميم محطة معالجة لمياه الصرف الصحي

السكان الذين يمكن خدمتهم وحساب أعلى تدفق في الأنابيب بالإضافة إلى قطر وميول كل انبوب وحساب عدد غرف

متر ايضا حساب منسوب بداية ونهاية كل .0التفتيش والصيانة وتوزيع أماكن محطات الض، للأعماق التي تزيد عن

متر/ ثانية. كما تم إرفاق 1.0ي جميع المجاري متساوية أو اعلى من سرعة التطهير الذاتي البالغة مجرى. تعد السرعات ف

". ومقطع طولي للمحور الرئيس يوضح أماكن غرف الض، Excelملف هيدروليكي تفصيلي بالكامل عمل على برنامج "

قطة تجمع للتخلص من مياه الصرف الصحي والتفتيش وارتفاع مناسيب الأرض والمجاري ونقاط التقائها. وتم إضافة ن

ونقلها إلى محطة المعالجة. كما قمنا بتصميم محطة معالجة لنفس المنطقة السكنية ويعتبر الجزء الرئيس لتصميم المحطة

حساب أبعاد شبكة النفايات الغليظة ومنشأة فصل الحصى والأتربة وأقطار المرشحات الأساسي والثانوي وحساب المعالجة

وية لمياه الصرف بالإضافة إلى ابعاد الفلتر الرملي وعدد خزانات التطهير للمياه. والهدف من تصميم المحطة ومعالجة الحي

المياه هو إعادة استخدام المياه لأغراض الزراعة والاستفادة منها بشكل أكبر.

ة.نظام الصرف الصحي، محطة معالج تحتية، محطة ض،،: الصرف الصحي، بنية محاور البحث

Supervisor Name and Department: Dr. Husnain Haider, Department of Civil

Engineering


DESIGN AND OPTIMIZATION OF WATER SUPPLY

SYSTEM FOR THE CITY OF BURAYDAH

Mohammed Salim Al-Ghedair, Abdullah Homod Al-Tuaijri, Abdullah Nasser Al-Quraishi

Abdullah Attallah Al-Dakhil, Dr. Husnain Haider



[email protected], [email protected], [email protected] ,

[email protected].

ABSTRACT

The objective of our work in Senior Design Project (SDP) is to design and implement

a water supply system to provide water to an area in Buraydah. Our study area is located at

El-Askan neighborhood that consists of one big hospital Othaim Mall, a huge park area, a lot

of schools and houses and governmental facilities. EPANET program has been used in order

to design the pipeline sizes and the volume of tanks. After that, we developed alternatives in

which we will pick the optimal solution according to different criteria’s, which are cost,

efficiency, carbon emissions and operation and maintenance. After that, we made a

comparison between the alternatives and then we choose the optimal alternative. The second

part of our project we designed a water treatment plant to treat our raw water coming from

multiple wells. The plant consists of three processes, Iron Oxidation, Rapid sand filter and

Reverse Osmosis.

Key Words: Qassim University, Civil Engineering, Water distribution, WTP, EPANET, El-

Askan

صالملخ

الهدف من مشروع التخرج هو تصميم نظام لض، المياه لمنطقة بريدة. منطقة الدراسة تقع في حي الإسكان حيث يوجد

هو .EPANETمستشفى كبير و مراكز تجارية و حديقة كبيرة والعديد من المدارس و البيوت و المنشآت الحكومية

احجام الخزانات. بعد ذلك قمنا بتطوير تصاميم بديلة لكي نقوم البرنامج المستخدم في مشروعنا لتصميم اقطار الانابيب و

باختيار أمثل حل ويتم ذلك بمقارنة الحلول باستخدام معايير مثل تكلفة الانشاء و كفاءة الشبكة وانبعاثات الكربون و التشغيل

لاث ة تحليه للمياه وتتكون من ثو الصيانة. بعد المقارنة قمنا باختيار الحل الأمثل. وفي الجزء الاخر قمنا بتصميم محط

مراحل رئيسية: أكسده الحديد ومرشح الرمل السريع والتناضح العكسي.

حي الاسكان, EPANET, محطة تحلية المياه شبكة المياه، القصيم، الهندسة المدنية، جامعة: البحث محاور


Engineering


DESIGN OF WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT FOR

QASSIM UNIVERSITY

Ahmad Mahmoud Al Rashidi, Abdullah Sulaiman Al Quraishi, Saif Hamad Al Harbi,

Ahmed Abdullah Al Thwuini and Dr. Md. Shafiquzzaman




[email protected], [email protected] ,[email protected]

ABSTRACT

Sustainable design of wastewater treatment plant plays an important role to the management

of wastewater. The main objective of the project is to design the wastewater treatment plant

for the Qassim University based on predicted population growth in 2030. The comprehensive

design was developed for the units of Grit Removal, Primary sedimentation tank, Rotating

Biological Contactor (RBC), Secondary sedimentation tank, Rapid sand filter and

Disinfection tank. A details design of plant hydraulics and piping with economic analysis

was performed. The plant design was considered as many sustainable and cost effective

concepts as possible, in order to keep construction and maintenance costs low. The calculated

volume of different treatment units for the year of 2030 were compared with the current

wastewater treatment plant and eventually noted down the important observations that have

resulted from the comparison. Our design calculation showed that the most of the existing

plant treatment units have to be extended around 1.5 times in 2030 to meet the wastewater

management in Qassim University. The results of this project may serve as a useful tool for

the management of wastewater for the Qassim University.

Key Words: Wastewater treatment, Qassim University, plant design, plant units, Rotating

Biological Contactor, RBC, Environmental engineering.

الملخص

في إدارة . الهدف الرئيسي من مياه الصرفيلعب التصميم المستدام لمحطة معالجة مياه الصرف الصحي دورا هاما

. تم 2030على أساس النمو السكاني المتوقع في لجامعة القصيمالمشروع هو تصميم محطة معالجة مياه الصرف الصحي

الثانوي رسيب، الت الأقراص البيوليجية الدوارةان الترسيب الأولي ، تطوير التصميم الشامل لوحدات إزالة الحصى ، خز

، فلتر الرمال و خزان التطهير. تم تنفيذ تصميم تفصيلي للمعدات الهيدروليكية للمضخات والأنابيب باستخدام التحليل

حفاظ قدر الإمكان ، من أجل ال الاقتصادي. واعتبر تصميم المصنع العديد من المفاهيم المستدامة والفعالة من حيث التكلفة

مع محطة معالجة 2030على تكاليف البناء والصيانة منخفضة. تم مقارنة الحجم المحسوب لوحدات المعالجة المختلفة لعام

مياه الصرف الحالية ولاحظنا تاريخيا الملاحظات الهامة التي تم تسليمها من المقارنة. أظهر حساب التصميم لدينا أن معظم

جامعة لتلبية إدارة مياه الصرف الصحي في 2030مرة في عام ..0حوالي تزدادالحالية يجب أن المياهت معالجة وحدا

لجامعة القصيم. قد تكون نتائج هذا المشروع بمثابة أداة مفيدة لإدارة مياه الصرف الصحي القصيم

الأقراص البيوليجية طة ، وحدات المصانع ، ، تصميم المح جامعة القصيم: معالجة مياه الصرف الصحي ، محاور البحث

، الهندسة البيئية. الدوارة

Supervisor Name and Department: Dr. Shafiquzzaman, Department of Civil

Engineering





DESIGN OF WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT FOR

BURAIDAH CITY

Abdullah Salih Alsughayyir,Mtab Abdulalrahman Alomar ,Ahmed Mohammed

Alhumaid ,Suliman Fahad Alwheibi and Dr. Md. Shafiquzzaman



[email protected],[email protected],[email protected]

,[email protected],, [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Sustainable design of wastewater treatment plant plays an important role to the management

of wastewater. The main objective of this project is to design a wastewater treatment plant

for the Buraidah city based on predicted population growth in 2050. The comprehensive

design was developed for the units of Grit Removal, Primary sedimentation tank, Aeration

Tank, Secondary clarifier, Rapid sand filter and Disinfection tank. A details design of plant

hydraulics and piping with economic analysis was performed. The plant design was

considered as many sustainable and cost effective concepts as possible, in order to keep

construction and maintenance costs low. The calculated volume of different treatment units

for the year of 2050 were compared with the current wastewater treatment plant and

eventually noted down the important observations that have resulted from the comparison.

Our design calculation showed that the most of the existing plant treatment units have to be

extended around 2 times in 2050 to meet the wastewater management in Buraidah city. The

results of this project may serve as a useful tool for the management of wastewater for the

city of Buraidah

Key Words: Wastewater treatment, Buraidah City, plant design, plant units, Activated sludge

process, Environmental engineering.

الملخص

في إ . الهدف الرئيسي من مياه الصرفدارة يلعب التصميم المستدام لمحطة معالجة مياه الصرف الصحي دورا هاما

. تم 2050المشروع هو تصميم محطة معالجة مياه الصرف الصحي لمدينة بريدة على أساس النمو السكاني المتوقع في

الرمال الثانوي ، فلتر رسيبتطوير التصميم الشامل لوحدات إزالة الحصى ، خزان الترسيب الأولي ، خزان التهوية ، الت

خزان التطهير. تم تنفيذ تصميم تفصيلي للمعدات الهيدروليكية للمضخات والأنابيب باستخدام التحليل السريع ، و

الاقتصادي. واعتبر تصميم المصنع العديد من المفاهيم المستدامة والفعالة من حيث التكلفة قدر الإمكان ، من أجل الحفاظ

مع محطة معالجة 2050لمحسوب لوحدات المعالجة المختلفة لعام على تكاليف البناء والصيانة منخفضة. تم مقارنة الحجم ا

مياه الصرف الحالية ولاحظنا تاريخيا الملاحظات الهامة التي تم تسليمها من المقارنة. أظهر حساب التصميم لدينا أن معظم

رف الصحي في مدينة بريدة. لتلبية إدارة مياه الص 2050مرة في عام 0وحدات معالجة النباتات الحالية يجب أن تمتد حوالي

قد تكون نتائج هذا المشروع بمثابة أداة مفيدة لإدارة مياه الصرف الصحي لمدينة بريدة

: معالجة مياه الصرف الصحي ، مدينة بريدة ، تصميم المحطة ، وحدات المصانع ، عملية تنشيط الحمأة ، محاور البحث

الهندسة البيئية.


Engineering

mailto:[email protected],[email protected],[email protected]


GEOTECHNICAL ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF A

FOUNDATION SYSTEM FOR TWO BUILDINGS;

RESIDENTIAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE

Ammar Mohammed Al-Hagri, Ahmed Shawqi Al-Arbeed, Khalid Mohammed Al-bulayhi

Abdullah Hulaiel Al-Harbi, Dr. Sherif El-Kholy



[email protected] , [email protected], [email protected],

[email protected] [email protected] .

ABSTRACT

The objective of this Senior Design Project (SDP) is to design a suitable foundation system

for two buildings; residential and administrative. The objective includes ensuring that the

structural loads are transmitted to the subsoil safely, economically. In addition, preventing

any unacceptable movement during the construction period and throughout the anticipated

life of the building. The analysis and design were conducted by using some engineering

software; SAP2000 and AutoCAD. The work approach simply was exploring the project site,

analyzing the soil properties, and then designing columns & foundation system (isolated and

raft). Furthermore, this project illustrates a comparison between the two design alternatives

from an engineering and economic point of view. The design took into consideration the Saudi

Building Code (SBC) requirements and the necessary environmental and economic

constrains.

.Key Words: Qassim University, College of Engineering, Geotechnical Analysis,

Geotechnical Design, Foundations System

الملخص

تصميم يضمن نقل الأحمال إلى الهدف من مشروع التخرج هذا هو تصميم نظام اساسات لمبنيين سكني وإداري من خلال

ترة وخلال ف البناءممكنة. بالإضافة إلى ذلك منع أي حركة غير مسموح بها خلال فترة الأرض بشكل آمن وبأقل تكلفة

كان .AutoCADو SAP2000التصميم باستخدام بعض البرامج الهندسية مثل أعمال التحليل وجراء إخدمة المنشأ. تم

س المناسب. لتأسيالأعمدة ونظام اأسلوب العمل ببساطة استكشاف موقع المشروع، وتحليل خصائص التربة، ومن ثم تصميم

ذا في آخ من الناحية الهندسية والاقتصادية. من أنظمة التأسيس يوضح هذا المشروع مقارنة بين بديلين علاوة على ذلك

.( والقيود البيئية والاقتصادية اللازمةSBCالبناء السعودي ) كودالاعتبار متطلبات

.اتالتحليل الجيوتقني ، التصميم الجيوتقني ، نظام الأساس سة،الهند كلية القصيم، جامعة: البحث محاور

Supervisor Name and Department: Dr. Sherif ElKholy Department of Civil Engineering




OPTIMIZING WATER HARVESTING FROM WADI AL-

ROMAH

Abdullah Yousef Alkhalifah, Anas Hamad Alsulaim, Rayan Fahed Almsheeti

Mohammed Abdulkarim Almiqbil, Dr.Yousry Ghazaw

Department of civil Engineering




ABSTRACT

Water saving for different uses in Saudi Arabia is a critical issue. Wadi Al-Romah is the most

important Wadi in Qassim area, Saudi Arabia. It runs with its full capacity once every 33

years. During its running with full capacity, the amounts of water loss are highly significant.

In this project, the amount of water losses was calculated and found to be 11,938,761.6

m3/year. Accordingly, various parameter of the rehabilitation of Wadi were designed, using

state of art techniques. As the result of design two proposals of cross-section for Wadi Al-

Romah are provided considering the optimal saving of water. The first one, will save around

9.1 million m3 of water per year. The other one will save an amount of 10.98 million m3/year.

For augmentation of Wadi Al-Romah flow, recharge of groundwater via infiltration in the

downstream part of Wadi was estimated and found to be 208,77 m3/day. Three downstream

ponds, located at east south of Buraydah, were investigated. The area, depth, and volume of

these ponds were estimated. Volumes of these ponds are found to be not sufficient to

accommodate the volume of water flowing in Wadi Al-Romah as the result of rainfall. The

extra water beyond the capacity of these ponds usually causes floods in Buraydah the Capital

of Qassim. Hence the volume of these ponds must be increased to save Buraydah from floods.

Recharge wells also were proposed to help in this regards.

Key Words: Wadi Al-Romah, Water saving, floods, Qassim, Saudi Arabia.

الملخص

قة هو أهم وادي في منط ةيعد توفير المياه للاستخدامات المختلفة في المملكة العربية السعودية مشكلة حرجة. وادي الرم

بكامل طاقته ، تكون كميات فيضانه عاما. أثناء 33بكامل طاقته مرة كل فيض الوادي القصيم بالمملكة العربية السعودية. ي

متر مكعب في 00،935،100.0 ها في هذا المشروع ، تم حساب مقدار خسائر المياه وتبين أن فقدان الماء كبيرة للغاية.

تم وادي ، وذلك باستخدام التقنيات الحديثة. نتيجة للتصميم ،الالمختلفة لإعادة تأهيل الم السنة. وفقا لذلك ، تم تصميم المع

9.0لاعتبار التوفير الأمثل للمياه. الأول سيوفر حوالي مع الأخذ في اه تقديم مقترحين من المقطع العرضي لوادي الرم

، قدره مليون متر مكعب في السنة. من أجل زيادة تدفق وادي الرم 01.95من المياه في السنة. والآخر سيوفر 3مليون م

فحص م. تم / يو 3م 015،11 هاوادي ووجدت أنالإعادة شحن المياه الجوفية عن طريق التسلل في الجزء السفلي من حجم

شرق بريدة. تم تقدير مساحة هذه البرك وعمقها وحجمها. تبين أن أحجام هذه الأحواض لا ثلاث أحواض ، تقع في جنوب

نتيجة هطول الأمطار. المياه الزائدة التي تتجاوز طاقة هذه الأحواض ه تكفي لاستيعاب حجم المياه المتدفقة في وادي الرم

.، عاصمة القصيم. وبالتالي يجب زيادة حجم هذه الأحواض لإنقاذ بريدة من الفيضانات عادة ما تسبب فيضانات في بريدة

.شحن للمساعدة في هذا الصددالعادة لإآبار تم اقتراح

Supervisor Name and Department: Dr.Yousry Ghazaw, Department of civil

Engineering



DESIGNING OF AN EXPERIMENTAL SETUP FOR

VIBRATION MEASUREMENTS OF PUMP CAVITATION

Mohammed Al-obaid, Abdulaziz Al-harbi, Prof. Dr. Hany A. Sherif and Dr. Hussein Z.

Korany

Department of Mechanical Engineering


[email protected], [email protected] , Supervisor email.

ABSTRACT

Cavitation is recognized to be one of the interesting phenomena that occur in the pumping

system. The purpose of this work is to design a test-rig for vibration diagnosis of pump

cavitation. To achieve this purpose, a centrifugal pump was selected with the appropriate

specifications that will enable the diagnosis of cavitation using vibration signals. The

selected pump has been modified by inserting a new driving unit with a speed controller. A

reversible engineering process has been conducted to design the shaft in order to check the

pump shaft capability to handle the new modification on the pumping system. The

measurements are conducted on a test setup equipped with two accelerometers and one

sensitive microphone to correlate their output signals with the emerged cavitation.

.

Key Words: Cavitation, Vibration, Centrifugal Pump, Test-rig.

الملخص

ناتجة عن ظاهرة التكهف في المضخة. و الغرض من هذا المشروع هو تصميم و تطوير جهاز لقياس الاهتزازات ال

للوصول لهذا الهدف تم اختيار المضخة الطاردة المركزية بناء على مواصفات تم تحديدها، وايضا تم التعديل على المضخة

المختارة عن طريق اضافة محرك جديد مع القدرة على التحكم في سرعته. تم الاستعانة بالهندسة العكسية لتصيمم محور

بعد الانتهاء من تجهيز المعدة تم اجراء القياسات ب مع المواصفات الجديدة و التأكد من قدرته على تحمل هذا التعديل.يتناس

المطلوبة باستخدام اثنين من حساسات الاهتزازات مع ميكروفون حساس لربط الاشارات المنبعثة من هذه الحساسات

بتوقيت ظهور ظاهرة التكهف.

.جهاز الاختبار المضخة الطاردة المركزية، الاهتزازت، هف،التك: البحث محاور

Supervisor Name and Department: Prof. Dr. Hany A. Sherif and Assistant Prof. Dr.

Hussein Z. Korany, Department of Mechanical Engineering


mailto:email

DESIGNING OF A SOLAR/BATTERY POWERED

QUADCOPTER

Ahmad Nawaf Alharbi, Ibrahim Alhassan, Mohammed Nasser Alsubaie

Dr.Saad Mukras




[email protected].

ABSTRACT

In recent year, the quadcopter has gained popularity in many fields. This is because of the

simplicity of mechanics that has been used in this kind of copter. It is very beneficial, but it

has some limitations. For example, the time of flying and the range that can reach it in flying.

So, this project will seek to address this problem of flying time and trying to extend this time

by designing a quadcopter that draws additional power from solar panels.

Key Words: SDP, Quadcopters, solar energy, solar panels.

الملخص

لميكانيكا ا في السنوات الأخيرة، المروحيات ذات الطيران الرباعي لاقت انتشارا واسعا في كثير من المجالات؛ هذا لسهولة

هذه الطائرات ذات فائدة كبيرة، لكن تحد هذه الفوائد عدة أشياء؛ مثل وقت الطيران .المستخدمة فيها وسهولة تصنيعها

.التي ممكن أن تصل إليه ىالمحدود بعدة دقائق، والمد

إذا في هذا المشروع سنركز على مشكلة وقت الطيران وسنحاول زيادة هذا الوقت عن طريق تصميم مروحية ذات

.طيران رباعي مزودة بخلايا شمسية في أعلى المروحية لتوفير طاقة أكبر للبطارية

لشمسية, مشروع التخرج.طائرات رباعية, الطاقة الشمسية, الالواح ا: البحث محاور

Supervisor Name and Department: Dr. Saad Mukras, Department of Mechanical

Engineering

DESIGN OF EROSION CORROSION TEST RIG (JET

IMPINGEMENT SET UP)

Abdullah AlEid, Soliman AlWatban, Ali AlSudais, Associate Prof. Dr. Osama M. Irfan




[email protected].

ABSTRACT

Erosion – corrosion (E-C) of metallic materials designates the material degradation where

mechanical wear by solid particles, liquid or the combination of both processes interacts with

corrosion caused by dissolution or surface oxidation. E-C phenomenon has caused many problems

resulting in a material loss and equipment failure. Therefore, the phenomenon received an

increasing attention from researchers all over the world. The main difficulty when trying to get

information about the E-C is the method by which the experiments can be performed. The objective

of this project is to design and fabricate a test rig for E-C experimentation. Jet impingement set up

had been designed and manufactured. All design procedures and manufacturing steps were

followed. Furthermore, the impact of the project on society, ethics, and environment were

considered. Finally, the cost estimation of the final product was done.

.

Key Words: Erosion-Corrosion, Jet Impingement, Simulation, weight losses.

الملخص

سطحي للمعادن تحت تأثير حركة الموائع المحملة بحبيبات صلبة مما يؤدي تتسبب ظاهرة التآكل بالتعرية في الانهيار ال

المقاومة لهذه الظاهرة ومدى دفي اختيار الموا ةللكثير من الأضرار في المعدات والخسائر الاقتصادية. وتكمن المشكل

آكل. الهدف من هذا المشروع هو وعي المستهلك باستخدام تلك المواد كما أنه من المهم تطوير أجهزة ومعدات لاختبار الت

تصميم وتصنيع جهاز لمحاكاة ظاهرة التآكل بالتعرية. وقد تم اختيار الجهاز المطلوب انتاجه وفق أسس هندسية واقتصادية

وبيئية وروعي في التصميم والتنفيذ تطبيق ما تم دراسته من مقررات نظرية وعملية. كما أن المنتج النهائي للمشروع تمت

وقد أثبت فعالية في محاكاة عملية التآكل بالتعرية ويمكن الاعتماد عليه لاجراء الاختبارات المعملية في هذا المجال.تجربته

المحاكاة، فقد الوزن. الاصطدام ، التأكل بالتعرية، :البحث محاور

Supervisor Name: Associate Prof. Dr. Osama Irfan Department Mechanical

Engineering


DESIGN, INVESTIGATION, AND FABRICATION OF AIR

PURIFIER TO CONTROL THE SMOKE

Ahmed Al-Harbi,Ali. Suraikh,Feras Al-Sudairy,

ShetawiDr. Mohammed bin Saleh Al





ABSTRACT

Exposure to high concentrations of particulate matter (PM) is known to cause serious respiratory

health problems, including asthma. PM is emitted during residential wood combustion and

incomplete combustion contributes to increase the concentrations of airborne particulates indoors.

In Saudi Arabia, a lot of homes have a room for burning wood called almushab. It is generally

occupied during the winter season and it might be considered the main emission sources of

particulate matter in Saudi homes. However, to the best of our knowledge, no efforts have been

made to assess the air quality in almushab rooms. Thus, in this senior project design, a typical

almushab room equipped with chimney chosen from a typical residential home in Buraydah is

used to conduct the investigation The results showed high mass concentration of PM,

particularly the mass in the smaller particles (<0.65 μm). Our findings demonstrate that air quality

in almushab room is poor and the concentration of airborne particles is elevated compared to the

standards set by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). In addition, the data collected

from the pilot experiment were utilized to select the appropriate filters for the project. In the next

phase of our project, an air cleaner system will be designed and evaluated.

.

Key Words: Control the smoke of bonfire, Fan and Filters, Catch the small particles.

الملخصإختصارا للمشروع الذي تمت دراسته بناء على المعلومات الدراسية السابقة سعينا إلى تصميم جهاز لتنقية الهواء داخل

الأبينة خصوصا ) المشبات ( بعد أن لاحظنا مدى الخطورة الناتجة منها , وذلك بعد استخدام جهاز لقياس جزيئات الدخان

جردة التي وبناء على هذه الدراسة قمنا نحن و سعادة الدكتور محمد الشتيوي في مراسلة في الهواء الغير مرئية بالعين الم

,Aseptik Compact Filterشركة مختصة في المنقيات و اقترحوا علينا ثلاثة انواع من منقيات والتي هي )

CarboPleat Carbon Filter, Pure V-Type Pleated Filter ) لمنقيات مع ولقد توافقت خصائص هذه ا

مروحة المشروع.

.بالمروحة والمنقيات،اصطياد الجسميات الصغيرة التحكم بدخان المشب،: البحث محاور

Supervisor Name: Dr. Mohammed bin Saleh Al-Shetawi Department of Mechanical

Engineering





PORTABLE AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM USING

PHASE CHANGE MATERIALS

Ahmad Alodah, Sufyan Alqurban, Dr. Ahmed Alshwairekh


College of Engineering, Qassim University [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]

ABSTRACT

The objective of this Senior Design Project (SDP) is to design and implement a novel idea

in the area of air conditioning (AC). The aim of designing the new AC is to make it compact

and portable. There will be no refrigeration cycle embedded within our design, rather the use

of phase change materials (PCM) will be implemented. Water will be used as the phase-

change material since it is the most affordable type of PCMs. The AC will be used for a

period of 3 to 8 hours depending on several factors such as the mass of the PCM used, the

inlet air temperature, and the mass flow rate of inlet air. The AC is composed of the body

which is insulated, a fan, and the PCM. The air is moved by the fan, then the air exchange

heat with the ice and therefore the temperature drops and the ice melts after a certain period.

The AC is designed to be portable and to work within a small personal area.

.

Key Words: Air conditioning, Phase change materials, ice, cold air, temperature.

الملخص

صميم الفكرة الأساسية لتالهدف من مشروع التخرج الحالي هو تصميم وتنفيذ فكرة فريدة من نوعها في مجال التكييف. و

المكيف الجديد هي لجعل المكيف صغير وسهل الحمل. ولن يكون هناك أي دورة تبريد مدمجة في تصميمنا للمكيف حيث

أننا سنعتمد على المواد متغيرة الطور في الحصول على تأثير التبريد. وبطبيعة الحال سوف نستخدم الماء لأنه من أبسط

إلى 3من المواد متغيرة الطور المختلفة. وسوف يتم استخدام المكيف لفترات متقطعة تتراوح ما بين المواد وأسهلها تعاملا

ساعات اعتمادا على متغيرات كثيرة منها، كمية الثلج المستخدم، درجة حرارة الهواء الداخلة، وكمية الهواء الداخل 5

روحة، والمادة متغيرة الطور أو الثلج. ويتم تحريك الهواء للنظام. ويتكون المكيف من الجسم حيث أنه معزول حراريا، م

من خلال استخدام المروحة وبالتالي يتبادل الهواء الحرارة مع الثلج ومن ثم تنخفض درجة حرارة الهواء ويبدأ الثلج

وصغيرة. خصيةبالذوبان ومن ثم يذوب كليا بعد فترة من الزمن. وتم تصميم المكيف لأن يكون محمول ويعمل في مساحة ش

مكيف، المواد متغيرة الطور، ثلج، هواء بارد، درجة الحرارة.: الكلمات الدلالية

Supervisor Name and Department: Dr. Ahmed Alshwairekh, Department of

Mechanical Engineering

DESIGN AND MANUFACTURING OF EROSION-

CORROSION TEST RIG (SLURRY POT TESTER)

Faris Khaled Al-Shodokhi, Khaled Mubarak, Meshal Al-Fahad, Eng. Ramdan Bedri



[email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]

ABSTRACT

The objective of our work in Senior Design Project (SDP) is to investigate the problem

of erosion-corrosion (E-C) and develop a set up to study this phenomenon. It focuses on the

E-C problem, its, types, causes of occurrence, and the influencing factors. After defining the

problem, the project will discuss the methods of studying E-C phenomenon and the types of

devices used to study it. In addition, through the knowledge of these devices will be selected

the appropriate device to do the test design, manufacture and choose the material of the entire

device.

.

Key Words: Corrosion, Erosion, Corrosion-Erosion, Slurry pot, Coating.

الملخص

هو البحث في ظاهرة التآكل والتآكل بالتعرية والمشاكل المترتبة عليها في التطبيقات الصناعية المشروعالهدف من هذا

الإطار النظري من حيث تعريف ظاهرة التآكل بالتعرية وانواعها وأسباب حدوثها والعوامل المشروعالمختلفة. يتناول

وبناء على الدراسات السابقة يركز التقرير على إمكانية تصميم وتطوير سة الظاهرة.المؤثرة والتجهيزات المستخدمة لدرا

وعالمشروضمن تعريف المشكلة استنادا الى التقنيات والإجراءات القياسية يناقش . جهاز لدراسة هذه الظاهرة معمليا

ياته ومن ثم اختيار الجهاز المناسب لتطويره الأجهزة المستخدمة حاليا وأنواعها حيث سيتم مناقشة كل جهاز ومميزاته وسلب

.وتعديله مع محاولة تجنب سلبيات الأجهزة السابقة وإضافة ميزة جديدة للجهاز

.جهاز وعاء الطين، الطلاء التآكل،-الصدأ التآكل، الصدأ،: البحث محاور

Supervisor Name and Department: Eng. Ramdan Bedri, Department of Mechanical

Engineering


DEVELOPMENT OF A COOLING WATER SYSTEM FOR

RESIDENTIAL ROOF TANKS

Abdullah Mohammed Alharbi, Abdualmalik Abdulaziz Albelaihy, Mohanned

Mohammed Alotaibi, Prof. Dr. Mohammed Abdelhafid Bentrcia




Bentrcia @qec.edu.sa

ABSTRACT

In this Senior Design Project (SDP) it is aimed to develop and test a cooling water system for

residential roof tanks. Firstly a short review of storage tanks is presented. Then the new types

of tanks introduced are described. After that the elaboration of the cooling water system is

performed. The system consists of a 4-layer poleythelyne tank painted with a special

insulating layers. For testing the new system, a second similar and regular tank is used. The

two tanks are filled with water and exposed to the sun temperature measurement. Measuring

is each two hours starting at 7a.m.Unfortunately the weather is still relatively cold for testing.

However we expect to have good results and we just wait for the ambient temperature to

increase for testing.

Key Words: cooling water system, 4-layer poleythelyne tank , Calcium carbonate.

الملخص

نظام تبريد للماء في خزانات السطوح المنزلية. ففي البداية تم إعطاء نبذة عن إن مشروع التخرج هذا يهدف إلى إنشاء

الخزانات المستعملة. بعد ذلك تم شرح انواع الخزانات الجديدة وخصائصها المختلفة. وفي المرحلة الثالثة تم إنجاز النظام

قد طلاء خاص. أما بالنسبة لتجربة النظام ف الجديد والمكون من خزان البوليثلين ذي أربع طبقات عازلة ومطلي بطبقات من

تم ملء النظام وخزان آخر مماثل بالماء وتعريضهما للشمس طوال اليوم وقياس درجة الحرارة للماء في كل خران كل

صباحا. مع الأسف الجو لا يزال باردا نسبيا و نحن ننتظر ارتفاع درجة الحرارة للقيام بالتجربة. 1ساعتين بدءا من

.خزان بوليثيلين ذي اربع طبقات، كالسيوم الكاربونات ، الهندسة، نظام تبريد للماء كلية: البحث اورمح

Supervisor Name and Department: Pro.Dr. Mohammed Bentrcia, Department of

Mechanical Engineering

DESIGN, MANUFACTURING AND IMPLEMENTATION

OF MECHANICAL GRIPPER MODEL

AbdullahAlhumaid, Abdullah Aldhbayb, Abdullah Alharby, Assoc. Prof. Dr.

Abdelraheim Emad



[email protected], [email protected], [email protected]

[email protected].

ABSTRACT

The idea of the project was stemmed from “the need to catch an object when it enters the

reachable zone of the gripper and hold it for a while”. This idea was behind the control

strategy, which may be summarized as that the reachable space of the gripper is to be scanned

by a position sensor to detect if the object exists or not. Upon the existence of the object; the

controller signals the motor to move such that the gripper ends (jaws) clip the object, hold it

for a specific delay time then leave it. This delay time simulates as if the gripper was attached

to an arm and the arm is moving it to another destination. The control system is based on the

use of simple closed-loop control topology by programming an ARDUINO controller to

control the motion of the servo motor.

The conceptual design technique is utilized during the progress of this project. This includes

the use of Kepner-Tregoe Decision Analysis (KTDA) technique to select all components. The

project shows the dynamic analysis of the four joint mechanism. The project also contains the

steps of manufacturing a pre-gripper model by using the 3d-printer facilities. The

experimental tests conducted to test the system gave quit satisfactory results.

Key Words: Key Words: Robot, Gripper, four joint mechanism, KTDA, ARDUINO.

الملخص

تهدفة من القابض والاحتفاظ به لفترة من نشأت فكرة المشروع عن "الحاجة إلى التقاط كائن عندما يدخل المنطقة المس

الوقت". كانت هذه الفكرة وراء استراتيجية التحكم، والتي يمكن تلخيصها بأن المنطقة المستهدفة من القابض يتم مسحها

ضوئيا بواسطة مستشعر موضع للكشف عن وجود الكائن أم لا. عند وجود الكائن؛ توجه وحدة التحكم المحرك لان يتحرك

يقوم القابض )الفك( بالامساك بالكائن والاحتفاظ به لفترة زمنية محددة ثم تركه. يحاكي وقت الامساك هذا كما لو بحيث

كان القابض مثبتا بذراع وكان الذراع ينقله إلى جهة أخرى. يعتمد نظام التحكم على استخدام طوبولوجيا التحكم في دائرة

للتحكم في حركة محرك سيرفو. ARDUINOكم تحكم مغلقة بسيطة عن طريق برمجة وحدة تح

Supervisor Name and Department: Dr. Dr. Consultant Engineer Abdelraheim Emad,





AUTOMATIC GENERATION CONTROL STRATEGIES

IN INTERCONNECTED POWER SYSTEMS UNDER

DEREGULATED ENVIRONMENT

Ibrahim Abdullah Alharbi, Prof.Dr. Ibraheem Nasiruddin




ABSTRACT

The electrical power system structure is operationally connected to many control areas

spreading over a large electrical area. This has made the controlling aspect of power system

a huge concern for all power engineers. Today’s life is dominantly reliant on the electrical

energy and the increasing power demand is to be balanced by the generation of power. The

automatic generation control (AGC) strategy is imperative in balancing the power in the

network and take care of frequency maintenance and tie-line flows. The conventional power

structure transforming into the market oriented model and splitting the entire single central

entity to different operational business modules. This deregulated and restructured power

system has separate module entities like generation transmission and distribution companies

and also the retail wheeling of power. However, this transition has posed many new technical

issues and challenges to the operation of deregulated power systems. Therefore, the existing

fundamental principles of operational and control philosophies are to be modified to handle

new power system environment.

In this proposed work, the conventional PID controllers and optimal controllers are to be

designed for AGC of interconnected power systems operating in deregulated environment.

The state space model of restructured power system shall be developed for AGC scheme

design and its implementation. The control scheme is to be designed based on the

conventional and optimal control theory concepts. The dynamic responses are to be

compared for both controller design techniques and stability analysis shall be done. The

MATLAB software and associated tools will be utilized to perform computation work and

the results so obtained may be investigated.

.

Key Words: Automatic generation control, Interconnected power systems, Dynamic model,

Optimal control, Deregulated power systems.


الملخص

نظام الطاقة الكهربائية عمليا بالعديد من مناطق التحكم المنتشرة فوق كل منطقة كهربائية كبيرة. وقد جعل هذا هيكلةترتبط

طاقة بشكل هائل على ال يةحياة اليومالفي نظام الطاقة مصدر أهمية كبرى لجميع مهندسي الطاقة. تعتمد الجانب من التحكم

الكهربائية ، ويجب موازنة الطلب المتزايد على الطاقة من خلال توليد الطاقة. إن تحكم التوليد الآلي اصبح إستراتيجية

اقة الكهربائيةالطهيكل شبكة إن ط التردد وتدفقات خطوط الربط.ضرورية لتحقيق توازن الطاقة في الشبكة والاهتمام بضب

التقليدي تحول إلى نموذج موجه نحو السوق ويقسم الكيان المركزي الموحد إلى وحدات عمل تشغيلية مختلفة. يحتوي نظام

عن زيع الطاقة ، فضلا الطاقة هذا الذي تم إلغاء تنظيمه وإعادة هيكلته على كيانات نمطية منفصلة مثل توليد ونقل وتو

تجارة التجزئة للطاقة. ومع ذلك ، فقد طرح هذا التحول العديد من المشكلات والتحديات الفنية الجديدة لتشغيل أنظمة الطاقة

غير الخاضعة للقيود. لذلك ، يجب تعديل المبادئ الأساسية الحالية لفلسفات العمليات والتحكم للتعامل مع بيئة نظام الطاقة

.يدةالجد

تحكم التقليدية ووحدة التحكم المثالية من أجل تناسبي تكاملي تفاضلي في هذا العمل المقترح ، سيتم تصميم وحدة تحكم

تحكم التوليد لنظام الطاقة المعاد هيكلته. يجب تطوير نموذج فضاء الحالة لنظام الطاقة المعاد هيكلته لتطبيق التوليد الآلي

يجب مقارنة الاستجابات الديناميكية لكل من كما التحكم على أساس المفاهيم النظرية للتحكم. ، ويجب تصميم جهاز الآلي

والأدوات المرتبطة (MATLAB) المحاكاة نموذج تم تصميمه من وحدة التحكم ويتم تحليل الثبات. سيتم استخدام برنامج

.لحصول عليهابه لإجراء العمليات الحسابية وقد يتم التحقيق في النتائج التي تم ا

Supervisor Name and Department: Professor Ibraheem Nasiruddin, Department of


DEVELOPMENT OF PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT MODEL FOR

MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS IN QASSIM

REGION-SAUDI ARABIA

Hatem Abdulaziz AlHumid and Dr. Husnain Haider

Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Qassim University

[email protected] and [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Municipalities in Saudi Arabia are managing their municipal solid waste management

(MSWM) systems without a structured performance assessment mechanism. For reliable

operations, all the key components of a MSWM system need to perform efficiently. First

framework is developed for selecting performance indicators for seven key components,

including public service and participation, personnel, physical assets, operational,

environmental, sustainability, and financial. Interview surveys were conducted with decision-

makers from two municipalities and academia in the Qassim Region to evaluate the indicators

against their ‘relevance’, ‘measurability’ and ‘understandability’. Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy

Process (F-AHP) and PROMETHEE II were used to select and rank 58 PIs. Subsequently, a

hierarchical modeling framework, based on deductive reasoning, is developed for

performance assessment of the key components. Fuzzy rule based modeling is performed

using Simulink-MATLAB for performance inferencing at different levels of the hierarchy.

The model efficiently handles the inherent uncertainties due to limited data and imprecise

knowledge base. Results can exclusively assist the managers working at different levels of

organizational hierarchy for effective decision-making. The model has been implemented on

two medium-sized municipalities operating in Qassim. The results demonstrate the model’s

pragmatism for continuous performance improvement of MSWM systems in the country and

possibly elsewhere.

Key Words: Performance Indicators, Performance Assessment, Solid Waste Management,

Fuzzy AHP, Fuzzy PROMETHEE, Fuzzy Rule-based Modeling

الملخص

( بدون آلية تقييم أداء MSWMتقوم البلديات في المملكة العربية السعودية بندارة نظم إدارة النفايات الصلبة البلدية )

بكفاءة. MSWMمنظمة. وللحصول على عمليات تشغيلية موثوقة ، فأنه يجب أن تعمل جميع المكونات الرئيسية لنظام

الأداء لسبعة مكونات رئيسية ، بما في ذلك الخدمة العامة والمشاركة ، والموظفين تم تطوير الإطار الأول لاختيار مؤشرات

، والأصول المادية ، والتشغيلية ، والبيئية ، والاستدامة ، والمالية. أجريت استطلاعات مقابلة مع صانعي القرار من بلديات

ي قياسها" و "فهمها". تم استخدام عملية التسلسل الهرموأكاديميين في منطقة القصيم لتقييم المؤشرات مقابل "ملاءمتها" و "

مؤشر أداء. تم تطوير 5.الضبابي لاختيار وترتيب PROMETHEE II اسلوب ( وF-AHPالتحليلي الضبابي )

ستندة ة المتم تنفيذ النمذجوإطار النمذجة الهرمي الثاني ، القائم على المنطق الاستنتاجي ، لتقييم أداء المكونات الرئيسية.

ببرنامج الماتلاب للحصول على أداء متميز في مستويات مختلفة -Simulinkإلى اسلوب القواعد الغامضة باستخدام اداة

من التسلسل الهرمي. يعالج النموذج بشكل فعال حالات عدم اليقين الموجودة بسبب البيانات المحدودة وعدم دقة قاعدة

صري المديرين العاملين على مستويات مختلفة من التسلسل الهرمي التنظيمي من المعرفة. يمكن للنتائج أن تساعد بشكل ح

القصيم. وتوضح اثنين من البلديات ذات الحجم المتوسط بمنطقة أجل اتخاذ القرارات الفعالة. تم تنفيذ هذا النموذج على

في أي مكان آخر. في البلاد وربما MSWMالنتائج مدي واقعية النموذج لتحسين الأداء المستمر لنظم

PROMETHEEالضبابي ، AHPالكلمات المفتاحية: مؤشرات الأداء ، تقييم الأداء ، إدارة النفايات الصلبة ، اسلوب

الضبابي ، النمذجة المستندة إلى قواعد غامضة


Engineering

DEVELOPMENT OF A RISK-BASED WATER SAFETY

MANAGEMENT MODEL FOR INTERMITTENT WATER SUPPLY

SYSTEMS

Mohammed H Alkhowaiter and Dr. Husnain Haider

Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Qassim University

[email protected] and [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Water directorates in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) are facing challenges related to both

the quantity and quality of water due to low annual rainfall, depleting water resources, and

presence of naturally occurring substances in groundwater. As a result, they are striving to

meet municipal water demand with adequate water quality through intermittent water supply.

Although, raw groundwater is being treated with expansive treatment processes, intermittent

water supply and in-house storage have led to various water quality problems at the consumer

end, such as possibility of bacterial contamination. In this research, a comprehensive risk-

based water safety management model will be developed to identify, analyse, and reduce the

water quality problems from source to the consumer tap. Root Cause Analysis will be

conducted to identify potential hazards in water source, treatment plant operations, treated

water storage, distribution networks, and the in-house plumbing system. Subsequently,

Fuzzy-Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (Fuzzy-FMEA) will be applied to assess and

prioritize different hazards. The model will be able to deal with different types of uncertainties

associated to the vagueness in expert opinion, data limitations, and inaccuracies in

measurements of water quality parameters. Based on the model results, the Water directorates

will be able to plan their available investments to minimize the hazards with highest risk

priorities. The model will be implemented on the water supply system in Unayzah to evaluate

its practicality for other water directorates in Qassim, other regions in KSA, and elsewhere in

the world.

الملخص:

تواجه مديريات المياه في المملكة العربية السعودية تحديات تتعلق بكمية ونوعية المياه بسبب انخفاض هطول الأمطار

السنوية واستنزاف الموارد المائية ووجود مواد طبيعية في المياه الجوفية. نتيجة لذلك مديريات المياه تسعى جاهده لتوفير

للمياه. العمليات الممتدة لتنقية المياه الخام و وامدادات بنظام المناوبهسبة خلال طريقة الامداد احتياجات المياه بجودة منا

و تخزين المستهلكين لهذه المياه تؤدي الى تدهور جودة المياه مثل امكانية التلوث البكتيري عند المستهلك تناوبهالمياه الم

ل لإدارة مخاطر سلامة المياه لتحديد و تحليل و تقليل مشاكل جودة المياه النهائي . خلال هذا البحث سيتم تطوير نموذج شام

من المصدر حتى تصل المستهلك النهائي. تحليل اصل سبب المشكلة يؤدي الى تحديد المخاطر المحتملة بمصادر المياه و

خلية للمنزل )السباكة(.مخزن المياه المعالجة وشبكات التوزيع العامة والشبكة الدا عمليات محطات التنقية و

لتقييم وتحديد أولويات المخاطر. هذا النموذج قادرعلى التعامل مع الاشياء الغير سوف يطبق(Fuzzy-FMEA) بالتالي

واضحه و الغير محددة مثل غموض اراء الخبراء ومحدودية البيانات وعدم الدقة بمقاييس معايير الجودة للمياه . واستنادا

ذج مديريات المياه قادرة على التخطيط بحجم قدراتها الحالية لتقليل المخاطر ذات الاولوية الخطرة. سيتم لنتائج هذا النمو

تنفيذ النموذج على نظام إمدادات المياه بعنيزة لتقييم مدى تطبيقه العملي لمديريات المياه الأخرى في القصيم والمناطق

أخرى من العالم.الأخرى في المملكة العربية السعودية وفي أماكن


Engineering

CHARACTERIZATION AND TREATMENT OF ABLUTION

WASTEWATER

Saleh Khalaf Alharb and Dr. Shafiquzzaman



[email protected]

ABSTRACT

In arid and semi-arid countries, it is required to identify alternative potential sources of water

and develop sustainable technologies for their recycling. A large amount of less contaminated

ablution greywater (AGW) is being produced at the mosques in all Muslim countries

including Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Therefore, AGW certainly possesses significant

potential for recycling. In this study, a simple and cost-effective sustainable ablution

greywater recycle system (SAGWRS) is proposed to collect, treat and recycle the AGW

within the periphery of a mosque for toilet flushing. A conceptual model for SAGWRS was

developed and evaluated through techno-economic analysis. The SAGWRS consists of a

AGW collection and storage system, low cost ceramic filtration unit, activated carbon

adsorption column, chlorine dispenser, and overhead tank to collect and distribute treated

AGW. The SAGWRS meets the water quality standards for toilet flushing as well as for

irrigation. A simple operation and maintenances procedure made the system sustainable and

cost effective. The estimated cost (0.7-1.0 US$/m3) of the SAGWRS was found to be

considerably less than the municipality water cost (1.71 US$/m3) in KSA. SAGWRS

proposed in this study would be a prospective recycling practice of AGW in KSA for

sustainable development. Based on the techno-economic analysis, the proposed system

provides a sustainable approach of water conservation by on-site recycling of AGW in

Muslims countries around the world.

Key Words: Keywords: Ablution greywater (AGW); Treatment process; recycling; ceramic

filtration; Activated carbon; sustainable development

الملخص

رها. يتم اه وتطوير تقنيات مستدامة لإعادة تدويفي البلدان القاحلة وشبه القاحلة ، يجب تحديد المصادر البديلة المحتملة للمي

في المساجد في جميع الدول الإسلامية بما في ذلك المملكة العربية الأقل تلوثا (الرمادية)إنتاج كمية كبيرة من مياه الوضوء

ط المستدامة يقترح نظام بسيتمتلك مياه الوضوء الرمادية بالتأكيد إمكانات كبيرة لإعادة التدوير. في هذه الدراسة ، السعودية.

اخل دوضوء بعد جمعها ومعالجتها لاستخدامها إعادة تدوير مياه ال. وفعالة من حيث التكلفة لإعادة تدوير المياه الرمادية

ض.يحالتنظيف المرالمساجد

من نظام دوير اعادة التنظام وتقييمه من خلال التحليل التقني والاقتصادي. يتكونلنظام المقترح تم تطوير نموذج مفاهيمي ل

ووحدة ترشيح سيراميك منخفضة التكلفة ، وعمود امتصاص الكربون المنشط ، وموزع الكلور مياه الوضوء جمع وتخزين

.ض وكذلك للرييحامعايير جودة المياه لغسل المرالمياه المعالجة . تلبي المياه المعالجة ، وخزان علوي لجمع وتوزيع

-1.1)بمبلغ ة التكلفة التقديريحساب النظام مستداما وفعالا من حيث التكلفة. تم هالصيانة البسيطالتشغيل وت إجراءجعلت

( 3دولار أمريكي / م 0.10أقل بكثير من تكلفة مياه البلدية )المياه المعاد استخدامها وهذا ( من 3دولار أمريكي / م 0.1

في المملكة العربية السعودية.

في المملكة المتحدة من أجل التنمية AGWالمقترح في هذه الدراسة ستكون ممارسة المحتملين من إعادة التدوير نظام

في المملكة العربية وضوء ممارسة إعادة تدوير محتمل لمياه المكن من المستدامة. النظام المقترح في هذه الدراسة سي

ى قتصادي ، يوفر النظام المقترح نهجا مستداما للحفاظ علاستنادا إلى التحليل التقني والا. السعودية من أجل تنمية مستدامة

في الموقع في البلدان الإسلامية حول العالممياه الوضوء المياه من خلال إعادة تدوير


Engineering

MICROSTRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

OF HIGH ENTROPY ALLOYS PREPARED BY

MECHANICAL ALLOYING

Yaser A. Al-Shataif, Dr. Fahad Al-Mufadi, Dr. S.Sivasankaran



@qec.edu.sa, [email protected]@gmail.com, almufadi

ABSTRACT

Nowadays, the industrial, medical and spatial sectors have required a superior material which

incorporate excellent mechanical properties, high thermal stability, super electrical

conductivity, good wear resistance and fatigue, formability, high malleability, castability and

idealistic surface finish. So our aiming is Synthesizing of four different nanostructured high-

entropy alloy (HEA) powders by mechanical alloying (MA) process which can prospectively

satisfied all the previous requirements. Then investigate the powder surface morphology of

HEA powders as well as the particle size exactly. Finding out the thermal behavior in terms

of enthalpy changes with the function of temperature, melting point of new HEAs and

determine the various structural characteristics, namely, the crystallite size, phase formation,

lattice constant, lattice strain, dislocation density. Second stage will be consolidate the HEA

powders into a bulk sample via cooled and hot-pressing process then the compressibility

behavior and the mechanical behavior prospectively Finally, investigate the newly developed

HEAs bulk sample mechanical behavior using finite element analysis.

Key Words: High Entropy Alloy (HEA), Mechanical Alloying (MA), surface morphology,

Compressibility, Mechanical behavior.

الملخص

من متطلبات القطاعات الصناعية والطبية وكذلك القطاعات الخاصة حالية، ايجاد سبائك ومواد من شأنها ان تلبي الخواص

ت والاجهادات المتكررة وسهلةميكانيكية عالية، و الاستقرار الحراري، و التوصيل الكهربائي وكذلك مقاومة للاحتكاكا

التصنيع. ولهذا الاسباب رسالتي للماجستير هي تصنيع بعض السبائك الغير التقليدية و المسماه السبائك ذات الانتروبي

العالي والتي بدورها تستطيع تلبية جميع المتطلبات المذكورة اعلاه. أبتدا بتصنيع هذه السبائك من بوردة المعادن والمنتجه

لأسطح البودرة وإيجاد حجم البودرة . اضافة الى ذلك تحديد المورفولوجيةيقة السبك الميكانيكي ثم دراسة الخواص بطر

الشبكة والانفعال الشبكة. في المرحلة الثانية من الرسالة سنقوم الخواص الشكلية لهذه السبائك مثل حجم البلورات وثابت

لخواص الميكانيكية المعروفة و سلوك الأنضغاطية. اخير محاكاه الخواص بتحول البودرة الى قطع اسطوانة لدراسة ا

الميكانيكية بستخدام برامج حاسوبية.

، الخواص الميكانيكيةالسطح، مورفولوجية طريقة السبك الميكانيكي، سبيكة ذات الانتروبي العالية،: البحث محاور

الأنضغاطية.

Supervisor Name and Department: Dr.Fahad Al-Mufadi and S.Sivasankaran


INVESTIGATION ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF

POLY LACTIC ACID (PLA) BASED BIO-COMPONENTS

PRODUCED BY FUSION DEPOSITION MODELING – A

REVIEW

Mr.Abdullah Ibrahim, Dr. S.Sivasankaran and Dr.Bandar Abdullah Aloyaydi



. , [email protected]@qec.edu.sass: email Supervisors and emailStudent

ABSTRACT

Additive manufacturing technology (AMT) is playing a more impact in the current

manufacturing industries. In olden days, this technology was pronounced as rapid prototyping

technology (RPT) as it was used to fabricate the reduced scale models of some large size

projects (design of aircrafts, locomotives, space crafts, human anatomy etc…). However, this

AMT is being used to fabricated all kind of highly complicated parts now-a-days especially

this technology is a boon for the medical applications (implant parts/bones/tissues). Several

thermoplastics, some metallic materials, and some ceramic powders can be printed as a

product in a few processing steps, namely, design of parts using CAD software, conversion

of file, and fabrication of part using any 3D printing technology (fusion deposition modeling,

selective laser sintering, Stereo-lithography, and 3D plotting). Among the various AMTs,

fusion deposition modeling (FDM) is a simple process which is being used in the aircraft

parts, bioparts / artificial bones, tissues, decorative models, teaching aids etc…. FDM can

easily print all kind of thermoplastics in which poly lactic acid (PLA) is a common polymeric

materials as it is easily available, less expensive, lower melting point, non-toxic, and

biocompatibility. This review poster presentation was aimed to present the various steps

involved in the 3d printing technology, general principle involved in FDM process, review of

literature related to PLA parts obtained from FDM, and investigate the various process

parameters on the PLA components.

.

Key Words: Additive manufacturing; fusion deposition modeling; polylactic acid; mechanical

properties

.


about:blank

about:blank

الملخص

ة لحديثة. في السابق كانت هذه التقنية تعرف باسم تقنية النمذجالتصنيع بالإضافة ذات أثر واضح في مجالات التصنيع ا

السريعة وكانت استخداماتها مقتصرة في إنتاج نماذج أولية لتصاميم ذات أحجام كبيرة مثل: الطائرات ,معدات النقل,

صميم خاصة لمعقدة التمركبات الفضاء, وغيرها.لكن في وقتنا هذا يتم استخدام التقنية في تصنيع أنواع كثير من الأجزاء ا

في المجالات الطبية )صناعة أجزاء قابلة للزراعة كالعظام والأنسجة والأطراف الاصطناعية(.العديد من اللدائن

البلاستيكية الحرارية,والمعادن وبعض المواد الخزفية وبودرة السيراميك يمكن طباعتها من خلال بعض خطوات المعالجة

(,تحويل الملف للصيغة المناسبة,ومن ثم تصنيع القطعة CADمج التصميم بمساعدة الحاسوب)بداية من تصميم القطعة ببرا

-fusion deposition modeling, selective laser sintering, Stereoباستخدام أي طابعة ثلاثية أبعاد)

lithography, and 3D plottingمن بين هذه التقنيات للطباعة هي تقنية النمذجة بالصهر و.)( الوضعFDM وهي )

طريقة سهلة نسبيا ومستخدمة بتصنيع قطع لطائرات, أجزاء حيوية,عظام صناعية, أنسجة و تحف فنية وغيرها.هذه التقنية

وهي مادة متوفرة بكثر وذات درجة انصهار متدنية وذات تكلفة PLAتتيح طباعة اللدائن البلاستيكية الحرارية كمادة ال

توافقة مع الأعضاء الحيوية.ملصق المراجعة هذا يهدف لاستعراض الخطوات المتعددة في معقولة وهي غير سمية و م

PLA( ومراجعة لأبحاث سابقة متعلقة بمادة الـ FDMتقنية الطباعة ثلاثية الأبعاد والمبدأ العام الذي تعمل به هذه التقنية )

ص الميكانيكية لهذه المادة.و التحقق من مدى تأثير عدد من العوامل لعملية الطباعة على الخوا

Supervisors Name and Department: Dr.S.Sivasankaran and Dr. Dr.Bandar Abdullah

Aloyaydi, Department of Mechanical Engineering

DECREASING BRITTLENESS OF HIGH PERFORMANCE

CONCRETE BY USING STEEL FIBER

Eng. Omar Ali Alrebdi, Dr. Ahmed Fouad Elragi




ABSTRACT

High Performance Concrete (HPC) is one of the most effective techniques in concrete

technology business. It has better quality than conventional concrete. However, the most

concerning problem of HPC is the high brittleness. Therefore, steel fibers are added to HPC

to investigate the reduction of the brittleness of the concrete upon becoming High

Performance Steel Fibers Concrete (HPSFC). The main purpose of this research is to

investigate the brittleness of the high performance concrete by including steel fibers in the

mix design. In addition, some of the tests are performed to evaluate the quality of the concrete.

Results show that increasing the percentage of fiber reduces the brittleness of the concrete,

as well as improving a number of other mechanical properties. Regression equations are

generated for design guidance.

Key Words: High Performance Concrete, steel fibers, mix design, brittleness.

الملخص

المستخدمة في عالم الخرسانة. وذلك بسبب تفوقها من حيث الهامة هي واحدة من التقنيات (HPC) الخرسانة عالية الأداء

ي قصافتها ( ه(HPC الجودة على الخرسانة التقليدية. لكن واحدة من أهم المشاكل التي تواجه الخرسانة العالية الأداء

العالية.

لتقلل من قصافتها العالية وبذلك تتحول إلى ( (HPCلذلك تم إضافة ألياف حديدية على خلطة الخرسانة العالية الأداء

الحد من قصافة الخرسانة عالية الأداء دراسة لهدف الرئيسي من هذا البحث هو( ا (HPFCخرسانة ليفية عالية الأداء

الحديدية على تصميم الخلطة الخرسانية. إضافة إلى ذلك , تم عمل عدد من الاختبارات على الخرسانة بنضافة الألياف

. أظهرت النتائج أن زيادة نسبة الالياف تقلل قصافتها و تحسن عدد من خصائصها الميكانيكية . تم عمل جودتها دراسةل

للمساعدة في التصميم.عدد من المعادلات الإحصائية

.قصافة ، تصميم الخلطة الخرسانية ،ألياف حديدية ،: الخرسانة عالية الأداء البحث محاور

Supervisor Name and Department: Dr. Ahmed Fouad Elragi, Department of Civil

Engineering

PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF HYBRID

PHOTOVOLTAIC THERMOELECTRIC WATER

COLLECTOR SYSTEM (PV-TE)

Omar Abdulaziz Alashqar and Prof.Dr. Arvind Tiwari




ABSTRACT

The objective of my thesis is to make an experimental set up for hybrid photovoltaic

thermoelectric system attach to flat plate collector PV-TE-FPC, then do the thermal modeling

for the system and validate the results. The goal of my work is to enhance and increase the

electrical production and electrical efficiency by adding the thermoelectric modules that can

produce energy because of temperature difference between the back surface of PV module

and flat plate collector. FPC absorb the thermal energy using water as fluid passing in the

collector, for that I use a 12V dc pump and battery for the water circulation in FPC tubes and

an insulated tank to store absorbed thermal energy by

water.

Key Words: Qassim University, College of Engineering, PVT systems, Thermal modeling,

Energy efficiency.

الملخص

راري مدمج مع مجمع مائي ومن ثم عمل الهدف من رسالتي هو القيام بتجربه عملية لنظام هجين كهروضوئي كهرو ح

تصميم حراري للنظام ومقارنة النتائج. الهدف من هذا العمل هو تحسين ورفع الانتاج والكفاءة الكهربائية وذلك بنضافة

الوحدات الكهرو حرارية والتي ستنتج طاقة بسبب فرق درجة الحرارية بين اللوح الكهروضوئي والمجمع المائي كما سيقوم

فولت تيار مستمر لتدوير ٢١ع بامتصاص الطاقة الحرارة باستخدام الماء وقد استخدمت لذلك مضخة وبطارية بجهد المجم

الماء داخل انابيب المجمع وخزان معزول للتخزين والحفاظ على الطاقة الحرارية الممتصة عن طريق الماء.

.ري، تصميم حراري، كفاءة الطاقةمحاور البحث: جامعة القصيم، كلية الهندسة، نظام كهروضوئي حرا

Supervisor Name and Department: Prof. Arvind Tiwari, Department of


mailto:email

mailto:email

PROCESSING AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

EVOLUTIONS OF IMPLANT MATERIALS – AN OVER

VIEW

Mr.Ammar Alareqi, Dr. S.Sivasankaran and Dr.Bandar Abdullah Aloyaydi




ABSTRACT

Implants are very important in surgery applications and it is very difficult to replace the

injured/damaged human parts by another one (human donors). Day-by-day, the demand for

implants parts are increasing drastically due to accident/natural calamity. To save the human

life and improve their lives, it is necessary to manufacture the artificial implants which can

be fabricated through polymers, metals/alloys, and ceramics. These artificial implant parts

would help the life of the patients and enable them to continue their life probably. For such

applications, the materials used to make these devices must be chosen carefully. The current

work aims to provide an integrated idea about the implants materials used in medical

applications, examine the mechanical properties and various processing techniques.

Conventional techniques, namely, machining, metal forming, investment casting, CNC

machining etc.. Can be used to fabricate the implant parts. However, it will be very difficult

to maintain the dimensional accuracy in the complicated implants. Hence, the additive

manufacturing techniques can be used to resolve these issues.

Key Words: Implants material, metals alloy, medical devices, biocompatibility.

الملخص

من الصعب جدا استبدال الأجزاء ذلك لأنه مهمة جدا في تطبيقات الجراحة و الصناعية زراعة الأعضاءتعتبر عمليات

أعضاء الزراعة الصناعية ، يزداد الطلب على ومع مرور الأيام(. من متبرع بشريبأخرى ) التالفة أوالبشرية المصابة

تصنيع ن خلالم إنقاذ حياة الإنسان وتحسين حياته من هنا تتجلى ضرورة الكوارث الطبيعية. وبشكل كبير بسبب الحوادث

الزرع تساعد أجزاء بحيث والسيراميك هائكباوسمن خلال البوليمرات والمعادن هذه الأعضاء يمكن تصنيع الأعضاء. تلك

خدمة في اختيار المواد المست تتطلب هذه التطبيقات. بشكل طبيعي وفعالالصناعية المرضى وتمكينهم من مواصلة حياتهم

ة عازر المستخدمة في عمليات موادالإلى تقديم فكرة متكاملة عن تهدف الدراسة الحاليةبعناية. عضاءصنع هذه الأ

والقولبة والتشكيلب صوال كالنحت المختلفة. التقنيات التقليديةالتصنيع وتقنيات ،الميكانيكية ها، وخواصاء الصناعيةالأعض

اظ سيكون من الصعب للغاية الحف ، لكن مع ذلكباستخدام الحاسب الآلي وما إلى ذلك يمكن استخدامها لتصنيع أجزاء الزرع

ل هذه المشكلات.لحبالإضافة يمكن استخدام تقنيات التصنيع زرع المعقدة. بالتاليفي عمليات الالمتطلبة على دقة الأبعاد

.، سبائك المعادن ، الأجهزة الطبية ، التوافق الحيوي مواد الزراعة: البحث محاور

Supervisors Name and Department: Dr.S.Sivasankaran and Dr. Dr.Bandar Abdullah

Aloyaydi, Department of Mechanical Engineering

ENHANCING THE PERFORMANCE OF WIND-DRIVEN

CAGE INDUCTION GENERATORS THROUGH CHANGING

THE NUMBER OF POLES

Abdul-karim abdul-mohsen alghunaim and Prof. Mohammed A. Abdel-halim



[email protected]

ABSTRACT

The utilization of wind energy is very important and vital as all the experts have expected the

rapid exhaust of the conventional energy resources. One of the new trends is to generate

electrical power by using the clean and renewable wind power extracted by wind turbines.

Wind-turbine prime-mover has the problem of being of variable and unexpected speed these

mechanical power can be converted into electrical power by using electrical induction

generators. This raised the need to use the induction generators instead of the conventional

synchronous generators to solve the problem of variable speed turbines.

This research aims to maximize the power obtained from the wind energy, and to improve the

performance characteristics of the wind-driven induction generators. This will be done

through suggesting a simple method for controlling the cheap cage induction generator such

that wind turbine will trace the maximum extracted power locus at different wind speeds.

ملخصال

التشغيل الأكفأ للمولدات الحثية المدارة بطاقة الرياح يتحقق بالحصول على أكبر قدر ممكن من الطاقة الميكانيكية، لتوليد

ة عالية عند استخدام المولد أعلى طاقة كهربية عند معامل قدرة جيد مع إختلاف سرعة الرياح، وهذا يمكن تحقيقه بكفاء

الحثي ذي الحلقات المنزلقة وهو الأغلى بالمقارنة مع المولد القفصي وذلك بالتحكم من خلال العضو الدوار.

يهدف هذا البحث إلى ايجاد استراتيجية بهدف تحسين أداء المولد الحثي القفصي المربوط بالشبكة بالتحكم من جهة العضو

، والذي سيصمم بحيث نتمكن من تغيير استحداث طريقة لتغيير عدد أقطاب مولد الحث القفصي الثابت، وذلك عن طريق

عدد الأقطاب لعدة قيم، بحيث تستخلص مروحة الرياح المحركة للمولد أقصى قدرة ميكانيكية ممكنة من الرياح عند

السرعات المختلفة لها أو ننتج أقصى قدرة كهربائية.

Supervisors Name and Department: Prof. Mohammed A. Abdel-halim, Department of



ENHANCING THE PERFORMANCE OF SELF-EXCITED

WIND-DRIVEN CAGE INDUCTION GENERATOR

THROUGH ALTERING THE POLES

Ahmed Al-methen and Prof. Mohammed A. Abdel-halim



[email protected]

ABSTRACT

Abstract: The renewable wind energy encountering a globally rapid growth to become an

important electricity source, which replaces the polluting and exhaustible fossil fuel. The

induction generators are commonly used to transform the mechanical energy of the wind to

electrical energy. Various techniques have been employed to extract the topmost energy from

the wind streams. The present research aims at enhancing the performance of the self-excited

wind-driven cheap cage induction generators at the different wind speeds employing control

technique by altering the number of poles of the cage generator and adjusting the shunt

capacitor. The control aims to maximize the input power captured from the wind, and to

improve the generator electrical performance when the generator feeds static loads, and when

supplies dynamic induction motor load. A complete mathematical model and computer

simulation has been performed, and control protocols for the capacitor and poles have been

reached which governs the generator speed such that the wind turbine blades revolves at speed

which is optimally proportional to the wind stream speed. Consequently, the highest

mechanical power is being taken from the wind. At the same time, the built-up voltage is

adjusted around the load rated voltage for static loads. In case of dynamic induction motor

loads, the poles are fixed at the minimum number, and good performance is possible through

controlling the capacitor size. Study of the system through a developed simulating computer

program (MATLAP) or use of software program package if difficulties occurred during

programming the mathematical model of the system. Published an article in Indian Journal of

Science and Technology.

الملخص

تعتبر المولدات الحثية من اكثر المولدات استعمالا" مع طاقة الرياح ، ومع النمو المتزايد لطاقة الرياح كان لابد من دراسة

ة الرياح عند سرعات الرياح المختلفة للحصول على اكثر طاقة ممكنه منها طرق التحكم بأداء المولدات الحثية المدارة بطاق

، لذلك في هذا البحث تم التحكم بأداء المولد عن طريق التحكم بعدد اقطاب العضو الثابت وسعة المكثف المربوط على

لرياح المختلفة لكي يعطيالتوازي مع الموالد بحيث يتم اختيار العدد المناسب من الأقطاب الذي يتوافق مع سرعات ا

المولد أكبر قدر ممكن من الطاقة وكمية السعة اللازمة من المكثف ليتم تحديد قيمة الجهد والتردد المناسبين، وتم محاكاة

النظام عن طريق برنامج ماتلاب ومن ثم تمت دراسة النتائج وتحليلها عند الربط مع أنوع مختلفة من الأحمال الاستاتيكية

يكية. والدينام

Supervisors Name and Department: Prof. Mohammed A. Abdel-halim, Department of



3rd QECScientific

EngineeringSymposium

For Students

Design and Implementation of Power Electronic Converter to

Control the Direction and the Speed of the Universal Motor

Prepared by: Abdulmalik Saleh Al-HarbiAbdualziz Saleh Al-furayhMajed Bander Al-Mutiri

Supervised by:Prof. Mohammed A. Abdel-halimDate:9th April, 2019 (392)

Objectives and Motivation:Design and implementing a semi-conductor based converter to control the speed and reverse the direction of universal motors.

Description:The universal motor is a common motor used in various applications and they have distinctivecharacteristics including: having a high starting torque and rotation at high speeds. The objective ofour work in the Senior Design Project is to design and implement a semiconductor-based converterfor controlling the speed and the direction of the universal motor. This is achieved through using apower electronic converter, namely; a line bridge incorporating triacs across the motor field winding.This is useful in controlling both the direction and the speed at the same time. The speed isgoverned by controlling the firing angle to reduce the voltage applied to the motor, and by switchingthe arms the exciting field current is switched, which causes reversing of rotation.

Results:

Figure1:Circuit Diagram Figure3:CCW Rotation DirectionFigure2:CW Rotation Direction

References:[1] Electric Machinery Fundamentals (Power & Energy) By Stephen J. Chapman, Fourth Edition, McGraw Hill, New York, 2004

[2] Lander, Power Electronic, McGraw Hill, New York, 1994

[3] www.educypedia.be/electronics/motoracsingle.htm

Conclusions: The designed converter when implemented has proved its validity and has worked effectively. The speed and direction could be controlled as required.

http://www.educypedia.be/electronics/motoracsingle.htm

3rd QECScientific


For Students

DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF DIGITAL WATERMARKING TECHNIQUE

FOR COPYRIGHT PROTECTION USING MATLAB

Mohammed alhumaidi

Omar aldkeul

Supervised by: Associate Prof. Dr. Ahmed Abdelwahab

Date: 9th April. 2019 (392)

Abstract:Over the past several decades, digital information science has emerged to seek answers to the question: can any technique ensure tamper-

resistance and protect the copyright of digital contents by storing, transmitting and processing information encoded in systems where

digital content can easily be disseminated through communication channels? Today it is understood that the answer is yes. Digital

watermarking is a technology of embedding watermark with intellectual property rights into images, videos, audios, and other multimedia

data by a certain algorithm. The basic characteristics of digital watermark are imperceptibility, capacity, robustness, Low Complexity and

security of the hiding place. Moreover, the Classification of digital watermarking applications are Copyright Protection, Fingerprinting,

Copy Control, Content integrity, Broadcast Monitoring, Owner Identification and Medical Applications. The digital watermarking can be

embedded by a several domains. Every domain used in the embedding has weaknesses and features. The digital watermarking can be

implemented using several platforms. However, in this report it is implemented using MATLAB.

Objectives:

The main objective of digital marking is to make a mark that refer to ownership.

Make hiding information that have negligible effect on quality.

To make The digital watermarking standing ageist the attacks .

Description:In this project, the parameters can changes to achieve the ownership goals like block size, Wight of the embedding, threshold and

imperceptibility. There are tradeoff between these parameters. Therefore, to measure specific parameter, the other parameters must be constant

at the average. Then choose the best selection . After that use this selections of all parameters to get the optimum results .the figures as shown

below explains the effect of changes on every parameter.

700

800

900

1000

1100

1200

1300

1400

0 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 60000 70000 80000 90000 100000

cap

acit

y

threshold

threshold - capacity chart

0

2

4

6

8

10

0 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 60000 70000 80000 90000 100000nu

mb

er

of

pe

po

le f

eal

th

e d

iff.

threshold

threshold - Imperceptibility chart

300

1300

2300

3300

4300

5300

6300

7300

8300

9300

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24

cap

acit

y

blocksize

block size - capacity chart

0

2

4

6

8

10

0 5 10 15 20 25

nu

mb

er o

f p

epo

lefe

alth

e d

iff.

block size mxm ( pixels )

block size - Imperceptibility chart

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

2 7 12 17 22

tim

e in

sec

.

block size mxm ( pixels )

block size - time chart

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8

nu

mb

er o

f p

epo

lefe

alth

e d

iff.

Weight % of block mean

The Effect of weight on Imperceptibility

References:[1] QEC file: Senior Design Project Courses 491 and 492.[2] Hai Tao, Li Chongmin, Jasni Mohamad Zain1, Ahmed N. Abdalla3," Robust Image Watermarking Theories and Techniques: A Review", proceedings of Journal of Applied Research and Technology, DOI: 10.1016/S1665-6423(14)71612-8, Vol. 12, pp 122-138, February 2014.[3] Mohammad Abdullatif, Akram M. Zeki, Jalel Chebil, Teddy Surya Gunawan," Properties of Digital Image Watermarking",2013 IEEE 9th International Colloquium on Signal Processing and its Applications, 8 - 10 Mac. 2013, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.[4] MATLAB program (help).

Conclusion and recommendations:The suitable technique for the application copyright protection is digital watermarking technique. Watermarking has characteristics and criteria

which are robustness, Imperceptibility and others. Therefore, ownership have to concede all these criteria because they are related to each other.

The classification of digital watermarking applications like copyright protection, owner identification and others are discussed. MATLAB reads

grey images as a matrix with NxM size and every pixel in this matrix has 8-bits binary word. Moreover, the MATLAB can divide the image into

edge and shade blocks using block variance. Therefore, the total number of edge blocks is the capacity of the image. After that the secret massage

will embed into these blocks and use random permutation for selected edge blocks as a secret key. The embedding can be in several domains.

There is tradeoff between the characteristics of watermarking. Therefore, the characteristic’s changes must be thoughtful. The project needs

education interface for ease of use.

3rd QECScientific


For StudentsSMOOTH STARTER FOR 3-PHASE INDUCTION MOTORS

ABDULLAH MOHAMMED ALDUAYJI.ALI SULTAN ALSAMNAN.HAMOUD MELFI ALHARBI.

Supervised by: Prof . Ahmed Alaa

Date: 9th April, 2019 (392)Abstract

Induction motors are being widely used for various applications such as conveyor systems, blowers, fans, etc. The efficiency of these systems depends

on the performance of induction motor, which in turn depends on the starting and running performance of induction motor. The three phase induction

motor during the initial starting condition draws up much higher current than its capacity. This results in a mechanical jerk and thermal stress on the

windings of the motor. Sometimes, the windings may get burnt.

To solve this problem, many solutions have been provided to take over on this high current such as auto-transformer, star-delta and frequency converter.

This project is based on resolving this problem by giving a smooth start to the induction motor using the SCR (triacs) which is triggered at larger

delayed firing angle during starting, and then gradually reducing the delay till it reaches zero voltage triggering. This results in low voltage during start

and then gradually increase to full voltage. Thus the motor starts slowly and then slowly picks up to full speed. The control of starting voltage is done

by using micro-controller (Arduino).

Key Words: Induction motor, motor current control, SCR triggering, Starting current, phase angle control

Objectives and Motivations

Design a 3‐phase AC voltage controller power circuit.

Design a phase angle control for THYRISTORS firing.

Design a current sensing circuit.

Design a closed loop controller for motor starting.

Hardware prototype system Implementation.

Design process/Approach and steps Build up Firing angle unit for each phase.

Implementing and design current sensing circuit.

Varying control voltage to adjust required firing angle.

Description

The sudden change in flux at instant of starting an induction motor while there is no current before switching and no EMF to oppose it .This result in heavy starting current exist ‘inrush current’ which is around 5 times rated current. So there is persistent need to decrease it to normal value. That can be done be triggering Triacs by large firing angle at starting moment then reduced it in steps until motor reaches rated speed.

Advantages Higher efficiency.

Protect motor from damages.

Automated control

Environment friendly and community helpful.

Microcontroller (Arduino)

Start motor with initial firing angle

Measure starting current and display it

Produce and adjust control voltage Conclusions &Recommendations SDP develop skills i.e. communications, team work, work under stress and skills of

research.

Defined the problem and its effects.

Applied more than one method of starting induction motors and scored results

Successfully controlled starting current and reduce it from 5 to 2 times rated current

Deal with Arduino and its functions which is very important to save time, effort and money.

Treated with connections of different circuits (electronics &power) which was helpful to do the project in perfect way.

Recommend to add features like showing measurements on an LCD.

Recommend to having wide uses control of a motor.

References

[1] Smooth Start of Induction Motor Using TRIAC Switching paper by *Bhavin Trivedi, *Jaykishan Raval, *Jay Desai, #Kamlesh Sonwane

[2] Three-Phase Induction Motor Starters reported by the staff of Festo Didactic

Start motor by applying

5v to input

Measure the current

from CT

Triggered the triac

with large firing angle

Arduino

Display measurement in

Arduino

NOIs motor reaches

rated speed?

Reduce firing

angle

Dely

Yes

Set firing angle

to zero

End

Run Arduino

Fig(1): flow chart of the project Fig(2): connection diagram of the project

Fig(2): Waveform of high starting current at DOL and speed Fig(2): Waveform of controlled starting current with the speed of motor

3rd QECScientific


For StudentsDESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A MODULE TO IMPROVE VEHICLE AIR VENTILATION

SYSTEM

Abdulaziz Al-SuhaibaniAbdullah AlmogbelAbdullah Aldahami

Supervised by: Dr. Ahsan Rahman

Date: 9th April. 2019 (392)Abstract :Due to hot weather or parking cars without shades (especially in summers) makes inside of the car too hot which in turn makes it unbearable

and difficult for not only passengers to sit but also for driver and also for electronics of the car. Therefore, there is a need to develop a system,

which can ventilate the hot air in the car. Consequently, this project will develop a low cost system to vent the air. This project will adopt

airflow management technology to improve the local temperature distributions in an automobile to counteract the greenhouse effect. Thus,

goal of the project is to reduce automobile's temperature by throwing the hot air outside before the driver or passenger gets into the vehicle .

The five main functions of product will be to provide coolness, deodorization, demister, protect the car electric appliance, and health.

Objectives and Motivation:

• Design and implement simple

Vehicle Air Ventilation System.

• Study and design of input sources.

• Save the life of the children.

• Decrease the fuel consumption.

• Reduces heat damage to health.

Description:

For a parked car in an open area, solar radiation will heat the equipment inside the car. As a result, the driver

needs to run the air conditioning before starting to drive. This will increase the fuel consumption of the

vehicle because of the use of the AC at its maximum consumption. Moreover, this will effect the health of the

body because of breathing the toxic gas and also it will damage the electronics. So, to solve these problems

we designed a system that will help to reduce the temperature inside the car.

Conclusion and Recommendations:

• The ventilator can reduce temperature up to 8 C . This investigation proved that, the solar car

ventilator can provide a comfort level reaches to 18% of reduced temperature inside a car.

• comfort for passengers on their initial entrance to the vehicle

• reduction of temperature inside the car compartment will reduce the energy consumption of the

AC system.

• Very efficient electronics should be used to have long life of usage since it is working in a very

hot place.

References :1-edition.cnn.com/2018/07/03/health/hot-car-deaths-child-charts-graphs-trnd/index.html

2-http://sdwebx.worldbank.org/climateportal/index.cfm?page=country_historical_climate&ThisCCode=HTI

System Circuit:

Final Product:

Future work :

• Two ventilators could be used to have a

better results in reducing the temperature

inside the car.

• Higher solar panel supply power to give

more air flow rate.

3rd QECScientific


For StudentsA Mixed-Signal Interface Circuits for Environmental Monitoring

Mohammed Saleh AlrobaySultan Abdullah AlmawashSuliman Ibrahim Alaqeel

Supervised by: Dr. Abdulaziz AlhoshanyDate: 9th April, 2019 (392)

Abstract

The aim of this project is to design and implement a mixed signal interface circuit than can be used for environmental monitoring in a compact, high resolution,

wide dynamic range, reliable and cost effective way. Therefore, in this work, we have developed and designed mixed signal interface circuits using discrete time

sigma-delta modulator to achieve both a wide dynamic range and high resolution.


Sensor nodes developed from simple transducer to

complete microsystem including signal conditioning,

ADC, intelligence , and wireless link.

Why integrated microsystems?

• Miniaturization

• Low-Cost

• Improved Signal-to-noise Ratio (SNR)

• Smart Sensor (System on chip)

Project objectives are to develop the architecture of

sensor node for environmental monitoring, design a

signal conditioning circuit, and design complete data

converter.

Description

We have developed smart sensor architecture for environmental monitoring

where the capacitive sensing element is converted to the voltage by signal

conditioning circuit. Then, the signal is digitized by using Sigma-Delta (∑∆)

ADC to achieve both high resolution and wide dynamic range.

References

[1] B. George, J. K. Roy, V. J. Kumar, and S. C. Mukhopadhyay. Advanced

Interfacing Techniques for Sensors, Measurement Circuits and Systems for

Intelligent Sensors, vol. 25, (2017).

[2] R. Schreier and G. C. Temes, Understanding Delta-Sigma Data

Converters, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 2004.

Conclusion

We have implemented a mixed signal interface circuits that can digitize the

capacitive sensor using sigma-delta modulator to achieve both a wide

dynamic range (8pF) and high resolution which is 15.47 bits.

Results

Output of first integrator

Voltage versus capacitance

Output of second integrator

Input signal and output signal of ∑∆ ADC Output signal spectrum

Developed system architecture

Parallel Plate Capacitor

Traditional

Sensor

(Bulky)

Smart

Sensor

(Tiny)

Sigma-Delta modulator

Signal conditioning circuit

Discrete time ∑∆ ADC

3rd QECScientific


For Students

Optimal Design of Battery Energy Storage for

Microgrid Applications

Nawaf Ali AlarajBasil Khalid AlgharraaAsim Saleh Alturaif

Supervised by: Dr. Ibrahim Alsaidan

Date: 9th April. 2019 (392)Abstract

Growing concern for environmental issues poses significant chance to the utilization of distributed renewable energy resources in power system. The

intermittent nature of renewable energy, however, put power system at risk. Microgrid is introduced as an efficient strategy to integrate renewable energy

resources safely from various locations within the distribution network. Distributed energy storages are considered as a vital component of reliable cost-

efficient microgrid. Distributed energy storages applications in microgrid include but not limited to energy arbitrage, reliability improvement, resiliency

enhancement, and ancillary services. To ensure an acceptable economic and technical performance, distributed energy storage must be optimally sized and

placed. This project investigates the concept of microgrid and discusses the impact of integrating distributed energy storage on the microgrid operation.

Moreover, a battery energy storage design model that can be used to determine the optimal size of the installed battery energy storage is developed.

Project Objectives

• To define microgrid and investigate its benefits to power system.

• To study energy storage types and applications.

• To study the battery energy storage applications in microgrid.

• To develop a design model for battery energy storage.

• To determine the optimal design for the installed battery energy storage.

Fig.1. Proposed model.

Motivation

• The battery energy storage (BES) is an essential component for

microgrid operation and control [1]. However, the high investment cost

of BES limits its installation in the power system.

• Finding the optimal size of BES, which is related to its investment cost,

will ensure reliable and efficient installation of BES.

Description

In this project, BES design model is developed that enables microgrid

planners to determine the optimal size (i.e., power rating in kW and energy

rating in kWh) of the installed BES in their system. Mixed Integer Linear

Programming (MILP) is implemented to formulate the developed model.

Objective function

𝑀𝑖𝑛 𝑖∈𝐺 𝑡 𝐹𝑖𝑃𝑖𝑡 + 𝑡𝑃𝑡𝑀𝜌𝑡 + 𝑏 𝑡 𝐿𝑆𝑏𝑡𝑉𝑡 + 𝐶𝑃𝑠𝑃𝑠

𝑅 + 𝐶𝐸𝑠𝐶𝑠𝑅

References

[1]“Komarnicki-2017-Electric energy storage systems flexibility optio.

book.”.

[2] I. Alsaidan, A. Khodaei, and W. Gao, “A Comprehensive Battery

Energy Storage Optimal Sizing Model for Microgrid Applications,” IEEE

Trans. Power Syst., vol. 33, no. 4, pp. 3968–3980, Jul. 2018.

Conclusion

• The concept of microgrid as well as the applications of energy storage

were discussed in this project.

• The various available energy storage technologies were investigated.

• MILP was implemented to develop a BES design model that yields the

optimal power rating and energy rating of the installed BES.

Recommendations and Future plans

• The consideration of the BES location on the obtained results.

• The consideration of the BES technology on the obtained results.

Fig.2. Microgrid expansion planning cost vs. BES size [2].

Fig.3. Microgrid expansion planning cost vs. BES size in terms of energy rating

Fig.4. Microgrid expansion planning cost vs. BES size in terms of energy rating

Fig.5. charge and discharge Vs electricity price Fig.6. power exchange with the utility Vs electricity price

3rd QECScientific


For Students

Design and Implementation of Photovoltaic –Thermoelectric(PVTE) Dual Axis(DA) Tracking System

WALEED ABDUALRAHMAN ALTUWAYJIRIMOHAMMED SALAH ALHIGRES

Supervised by: Prof.Arvind Tiwari

Date: 9th April, 2019 (392)Abstract

This project describes the design and implementation of an energy efficient solar tracking system from a normal mechanical single axis to a

hybrid dual axis. For optimizing the solar tracking mechanism electromechanical systems were evolved through the implementation of different

evolutional algorithms and methodologies. To present the tracker, a hybrid dual-axis solar tracking system is designed, built, and tested based on

both the solar map and light sensor based continuous tracking mechanism. These light sensors also compare the dark and cloudy and sunny

conditions assisting daily tracking. The designed tracker can track sun’s apparent position at different months and seasons; thereby the electrical

controlling device requires a real-time clock device for guiding the tracking system in seeking the solar position for the seasonal motion. So the

combination of both of these tracking mechanisms made the designed tracker a hybrid one. The power gain and system power consumption are

compared with a static and continuous dual axis solar tracking system. It is found that power gain of hybrid dual axis solar tracking system is

almost equal to continuous dual axis solar tracking system, whereas the power saved in system operation by the hybrid tracker is 44.44% compared

to the continuous tracking system. Photovoltaic (PV) systems being one of the primary tools to convert solar energy into electrical energy also have

inherent losses which lead to lesser electrical output and less efficient system. In recent years researchers have introduced thermoelectric modules

with PV so as to improve the efficiency of the PV and electrical output of the system. Various researchers have designed, developed and compared

different PV system by either increasing the input energy by means of incorporating lenses and mirrors or by reducing losses by incorporating

collectors into the PV system. In this project, we will design the PVTE system incorporating dual axis(DA) sun tracking system to enhance the

electrical output and hence obtain better efficiency from the system.

Objectives and MotivationsThe objectives of this senior design project (SDP) are:

i) To design and implement a dual axis tracking using a controller.

ii) To increase the efficiency of the panel by using thermoelectric(TE).

iii)To Increase the irradiation on the panel by using the tracking system.

.Advantages• More efficiency.

• More irradiation on PV panel.

• More output power.

Conclusion

We decided to work on hybrid photovoltaic thermal systems (HPVT) to increase theefficacy and cool of the PV, we chose this method because it has better performance in termsof energy, life cycle assessment and being economical to the PV only systems in a standaloneconfiguration. From all the (HPVT) methods we chose to work on the thermoelectric coolers(TEC) have more promising waste heat recovering feature and the output is entirely electricalin nature, which could be used directly for enormous application and thus makes the systemmore economical in terms of energy production. We chose our design based on the easiness ofimplement, the elements should be at suitable prices and it should be flexible. In all thetracking system available dual-axis tracking system increases the output power by 25-40%.Hence, we intend to compare the performance of our hybrid (PV – TE) dual axis trackingsystems performance with a single axis and fixed frame PV-TE system.

Reference

[1] N. Dayal, A. Faruqui, R. Hledik, G. Wikler, The Opportunities for Load Management, Demand Response and Energy Efficiency in Saudi Arabia The

Interim Report, Electricity and Co-Generation Regularity Authurity, 2011

[2] "Energy Information Agency, Country Analysis Briefs 2007". Eia.doe.gov. , http://www.independent.co.uk .

Fig1 PV equivalent circuitFig2 TEC equivalent circuit

DescriptionWe have two comparisons first one to compare the output power between the dual-axis

tracking, the single-axis tracking and the fixed frame. The second comparison is tocompare the output power of the PV with TEs than PV only.

http://www.independent.co.uk/

3rd QECScientific


For StudentsDESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF PID CONTROLLERS FOR POWER SYSTEMS

CONSIDERING GENERATION RATECONSTRAINTSNader Ali Alarfaj

Ibrahim Sulaiman AlsallalSaleh Mohammed Alsaleem

Supervised by: Prof. Ibraheem Nasiruddin

Date: 9th April, 2019 (392)AbstractOver the last few decades, enormous changes have been witnessed in power system structure and therefore, their operational and control problems became very

complex and difficult. Operating a power system in interconnected fashion has aggravated the complexity further. To provide good quality of electricity to

consumers, an effective and reliable control schemes are required to regulate the system frequency and voltage levels to their nominal values following the load

disturbance in the system. The present SDP aims to design PID structured controllers to regulate the frequency of a two-area interconnected power system

consisting of reheat thermal turbines in the wake of step load disturbance in the system. As generation rate constraint(GRC) is generally imposed in real time

power system operation on generators, the effect of GRC on system dynamic performance is incorporated in the study. From the investigations of the system

dynamic plots obtained for step load disturbance in one of the areas, it is revealed that the designed regulators/controllers are very effective to mitigate the

deviations caused due to disturbance. Moreover, it is shown that incorporation of GRC has resulted in the deterioration in system dynamic performance which

needs the design of advanced controllers to handle the system dynamics effectively.

ObjectivesThe main objectives of this senior design project (SDP) are:

i) To develop linearized model of the system without generation rate constraints on electric power generators.

ii) To develop non-linear power system model of the system incorporating generation rate constraints on electric power generators

iii) To design PID structured load frequency controllers for both power system models developed in (i) &(ii)..

iv) To implement the developed PID structured load frequency controllers in the wake of different load disturbance conditions and to investigate the dynamic

system performance.

v) To demonstrate the effect/effectiveness of designed structured load frequency controllers.

ConclusionsThe investigations carried out from the dynamic response plots obtained with the implementation of designed regulators in the wake of step load disturbancein the system. These are shown above in Figs. 2-6. From the investigations of these dynamic response plots, it is inferred that frequency regulators designedusing Z-N tuned approach are very effective in eliminating the steady state error in responses and settling the deviations caused by load disturbance in fewseconds to zero. offer much better system dynamic response as compared to that offered when controller gains are obtained using trial and error approach interms of least overshoot and settling time. However, the presence of GRC has resulted in the deterioration in system dynamic performance which needs thedesign of advanced controllers to handle the system dynamics effectively.

References

DescriptionsThe PID controllers are designed for the load frequency control of a two-area interconnected power system consisting of reheat thermal plants. The two areasare interconnected by means of AC transmission line. First the transfer function model of the system is developed considering the generation rateconstraints(GRC) on generators. Following this the PID gains of frequency controller are obtained using Z-N technique. The designed frequency regulator havebeen implemented to control the generation so that it matches the varying load demand while keeping the frequency and tie-line interchanges at their schedulevalues even in the presence of GRC. Because the interconnected power system consists of identical areas, the dynamic response plots are obtained fordisturbance in area-1. The system dynamic response plots for ∆F1, ∆Pg1, ∆Ptie, ACE1, ∆Xg1 considering 1% load disturbance in area-1 are obtained with variousdesigned frequency regulators using SIMULINK Toolbox.

[1] P. Kundur, Power System Stability and Control, McGraw-Hill: New York, USA, 1994.[2] O. I. Elgerd and C. Fosha, “Optimum megawatt-frequency control of multi-area electric energy systems,” IEEE Trans. Power Apparatus and Systems, vol.

89, no. 4, pp. 556-563, Apr. 1970.[3] P. Kumar and Ibraheem, “Dynamic performance evaluation of 2-area interconnected power systems: A comparative study,” J. Institution of Engineers

(IEI), vol. 78, pp. 199-208, 1998.

Fig.1: Transfer function model of two area interconnected power system with reheat thermal plants Fig.2: Dynamic system response of ∆F1 for step load disturbance in thermal area.-1 Fig.3: Dynamic system response of ∆IACE1 for step load disturbance in thermal area.-1

Fig.5: Dynamic system response of ∆Xg1 for step load disturbance in thermal area.-1

.

Fig.4: Dynamic system response of ∆Ptie for step load disturbance in thermal area.-1

.

Fig.6: System response of speed governor of the system for 1% load disturbance in thermal area.

3rd QECScientific


For StudentsDESIGN OF VOLTAGE CONTROL SCHEMES BASED ON FACTS DEVICES IN POWER SYSTEM NETWORK

Saad Ali Alharbi,Abdulmajeed Habes Alharbi,Mohammed Lafi Al Enezi.

Supervised by: Dr. Naimul Hasan

Date: 9th April, 2019 (392)ABSTRACT

In last few decades, electric power demand is increasing at a very fast pace and the power industry has witnessed many structural and technological

changes. The stability of power system has become more difficult these days as consumption of electrical power fluctuates randomly. Due to limited

resources of power generation, the transmission lines getting heavily loaded and facing the various important issues like; stability, voltage sag, and

reactive power. The FACTS technology is essentially proved in tackling these issues and able to alleviate them efficiently. Flexible alternating –

current transmission systems (FACTs) devices usually install power electronic devices at the appropriate places of the existing AC systems to enhance

controllability and increase power transfer capability. In this project, the various reactive power compensation techniques based on FACTS devices

like thyristor controlled phase shifter (TCPS), static var compensators (SVC) and Static Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC) are considered for

design and implementing the voltage control schemes in the power system network using Power System Analysis Toolbox (PSAT) via the link with

MATLAB. Simulation models are developed for IEEE 6 bus system with and without FACTS devices.

Key Words: FACTs, Reactive Power, Voltage Control, SVC, SSSC, TCPS .


The objectives of this senior design project (SDP) are:i) Voltages at the terminals of all equipment’s of the system should be

within acceptable limits.ii) System stability is enhanced to maximize the utilization of the

transmission network.iii)The reactive power flow is minimized to reduce I2R and I2X losses

to a practical minimum.iv) The voltage may be controlled and maintained by proper designing

and implementation of FACTs devices at the vulnerable load buses.

Conclusion:

The design and implementation of different voltage control methods based

on FACTS devices have been carried out in details. The production and

absorption of reactive power by various sources also presented in this

project report. The importance of the maintenance of voltages at different

locations in the power system network has been elaborated in the report and

the ways to implement and design for the voltages control schemes have

been presented.

IEEE 6-Bus System

References:

[1]Pranesh Rao and M.L. Crow “STATCOM Control for power system

voltage” Oct 2017.

[2] T. Gonen Electric Power Distribution system. New York 2019.

[3]T.A Short, Electric Power Distribution Handbook. Boca Raton, 2018

[4]G.Sundar , S. RamaReddy, “Digital Simulation of D-Statcom for

Voltage fluctuations”, 2010.

[5]N.G Hingroni and I Gyugyi ,”Understanding FACTS: Concepts and

Technology of Flexible AC Transmission System” 2000.

[6]Hadi Saadat , Power System Analysis McGraw Hill 1999.

[7]B.M Zhang and Q.F Ding “The Development of FACTS and its

Control” Hong Kong, 1997

[8]N.G. Hingorani “High Power Electronics and Flexible AC

Transmission System” IEEE 1988

[9]L. Dong M.L, Z.Yang, A Reconfigurable FACTS System for

University Laboratories.

3rd QECScientific


For Students

DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF SCHOOL BUS REMOTE MONITORING, ORGANIZING AND

ALERTING SYSTEMTariq Ahmed AlmuqbilAbdullah Saleh AlrubayshAbdulkarim Abdullah Alsagri

Supervised by: Dr. Rizwan Akram

Date: 9th April, 2019 (392)

ConclusionIn conclusion, we designed and implemented a school bus remote monitoring, organizing and alerting system

with following attributes;

A school unit through building the website which is the core of school unit.

Integrated sensors and display hardware system for bus unit has been designed and implemented using

Arduino mega microcontroller.

Android app has been developed using Java platform to cater the objectives of parent unit.

Reference[1] Raja Godwin D, et al., “Smart School Bus

Monitoring System Using IOT”, International

Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics,

Volume 118 No. 20 617-623, 2018.

[2] Juan Zambada et al., “An IoT based scholar bus

monitoring system”, Online available at:

https://www.kajeet.net/connected-bus-stn-partner-

update, 26 Nov. 2018.

The Parents UnitIt is an android application will giveaccess to the parents to view the pick-upand drop-off locations of the child andthe current of the bus. Also, the child record for thelast five days. We have used Google official softwareAndroid Studio to create the android application andcompile it to APK file. Android Studio uses Javalanguage for the application functionality along withXML for user interface (UI).

ObjectivesDesign and implement of system consisting of:

• A bus driver to control the flow of students

• A school main control room to remote monitor the in-

bus activities

• Parents to monitor the status of their kids

Motivations• Requirements for school administration to

effectively manage their bus fleet, potentially reduce

mishaps, and ensuring safety and security of the

students.

• Incidents such as many children find themselves

locked in a school bus in the bus parking lot after

falling asleep on their way to school miss the bus,

or leave at the wrong station.

AbstractIt is important for every school and parents to have a trustworthy and secure transportation service to ensure the safety of the students. This has become a major concern

for parents now-a-days due to an increase in the crime rate and accident ratio along with incidents such as many children find themselves locked in a school bus in the bus

parking lot after falling asleep on their way to school, miss the bus, or leave at the wrong station. This is where vehicle monitoring, organizing and alerting system takes

effect. [1] The system consists of three main units, bus unit, parent unit, and school unit. The bus unit is used to detect when a child enters/exits from the bus using RFID

Card. In addition, it checks the reading of the sensors inside the bus. That information is sent to the parent unit and school unit. Parents unit is an Android app that helps

parents to track their kids effectively by providing them with information about the kid and the bus. The parents can also use the app to estimate the arriving time of the

bus too. The school administration can also access the application to ensure student safety and contact a driver or a parent. The application also allows the administration

to be informed of emergencies. The overall system is integrated together through a common database based on internet of things (IoT) technology.[2]

The School UnitIt is a website that is built by PHP, JavaScript, and HTML5. The database is a SQL dependent. The website consists of many pages, such as:●The home page ● School buses map● Sing in page ● Sing up page● User main page ● Attendance of students’ page● Sensors log page ● Students / children map ● Control page

The Bus UnitThe bus unit contains a set of sensors that monitor the

bus environment in order to keep it safe. Also, it has

RFID reader that allow the student to register their

entering and exiting time in addition keep count of the

number of students inside the bus to prevent any

accident. It send locations using the embedded GPS

and Wi-Fi.

Hardware Implementation

Bus Unit and placement of Components

Bus Unit and placement of Components

Schematic Diagram of Over All Proposed and Designed System

Developed Android Application for Parents

Developed Desktop Application for School

Future work• Active RF ID can enhance the range of detection

• GSM module can be integrated for emergency cases

• On bus camera can provide real time surveillance

• Adding GEO fencing feature will enhance the security

https://www.kajeet.net/connected-bus-stn-partner-update

3rd QECScientific


For StudentsDESIGN, MANUFACTURING AND IMPLEMENTATION OF MECHANICAL GRIPPER MODEL

Abdullah AlhumaidAbdullah AldhbaybAbdullah Alharby

Supervised by: Dr.Abdelraheim Emad


AbstractAn industrial robot arm usually ends with an end-effector. A common task of an industrial robot arm is to pickup certain object, hold it at a desiredconfiguration and move it between specific locations. The process of picking up and holding is the main task of a gripper.Many QEC-SDPs dealt with the subject of speculation of the design and implementation of a robot arm or robot cell. This project, however, may beconsidered as the foresight for the design, manufacturing and implementation of a mechanical gripper in QEC. The proposed gripper-model consists oftwo mating four joint mechanisms that can catch (pick up) and hold objects. The gripper is driven by single servo-motor and gear system. The idea of theproject was stemmed from “the need to catch an object when it enters the target zone of the gripper and hold it for a while”. This idea was behind thecontrol strategy, which may be summarized as that the target area of the gripper is to be scanned by a position sensor to detect if the object exists or not.Upon the existence of the object; the controller signals the motor to move such that the gripper ends (jaws) clip the object, hold it for a specific delaytime then leave it. This delay time simulates as if the gripper was attached to an arm and the arm is moving it to another destination. The control systemis based on the use of simple closed-loop control topology by programming an ARDUINO controller to control the motion of the servo motor.The conceptual design technique is utilized during the progress of this project. This includes the use of Kepner-Tregoe Decision Analysis (KTDA) techniqueto select all components. The project shows the dynamic analysis of the four joint mechanism. The project also contains the steps of manufacturing a pre-

gripper model by using the 3d-printer facilities. The experimental tests conducted to test the system gave quit satisfactory results.

Objectives and Motivations:

• Conceptual design application

• Design a system to move double mechanisms to pickup an object.

• Apply gained knowledge from ME340-ME467-EE318- GE211 to automate the operation of the designed system.

• 3D printing

• Implementation, assembly and running experiments.

Description:

The gripper system consists of single servo motor, Position sensor, two 4-joint mechanisms, each of which provides single degree of freedom, and Arduino chip. The misc. parts are: bolts, screws, base and wires.

Conclusions and Recommendations:

• Mechanical gripper model system was designed and implemented successfully

• The system need to more research to make its response more accurate.

• Using control topology to control closed loop for the current model.

References:

1. Yoram Koren, “Robotics for Engineers”, McGraw-Hill, 1995

2. Craig, J. "Introduction to Robotics, Mechanics and Control", Addison Wesley, 1998.

3. Richard G. Budynas and J. Keith Nisbett, "Shigley’s Mechanical Engineering Design", McGraw-Hill, 2011

The Complete Design

Mohammed S. Al-obaid

Abdulaziz H. Alharbi

Objectives

Design a test-rig to study the vibration signals generated by cavitation.

Study the effect of the cavitation on pumping systems.

Analysis the vibration and sound signals that induced by cavitation.

DESIGN OF AN EXPERIMANTAL SETUP FOR VIBRATION

MEASURMENT DUE TO PUMP CAVITATION

Abstract

Cavitation is recognized to be one of the interesting phenomena that occur in the pumping

system. The purpose of this work is to design a test-rig for vibration diagnosis of pump

cavitation. To achieve this purpose, a centrifugal pump was selected with the appropriate

specifications that will enable the diagnosis of cavitation using vibration signals. The

selected pump has been modified by inserting a new driving unit with a speed controller.

A reversible engineering process has been conducted to design the shaft in order to

check the pump shaft capability to handle the new modification on the pumping system.

The measurements are conducted on a test setup equipped with two accelerometers and

one sensitive microphone to correlate their output signals with the emerged cavitation.

Description

The overall pumping system setup which consists of a centrifugal pump with transparent

plastic cover, induction motor, elastic coupling, deep groove bearing, VFD, pressure

gauges, a tank with the capacity of 20 liters, accelerometer sensors, and manual valves

Conclusion

The test rig is designed to be used in education and research purposes. During

the design process, the minimum requirements to achieve the test-rig objective

are defined. Although the good correlation between the velocity spectrum of

vibrations and the sound spectrum of the generated cavitation, some irrelevant

reverberated frequencies of cavitation bubbles smeared the sound spectrum.

Supervised by: Prof. Dr.Hani Sherif and Dr, Hussein Zain


3rd QECScientific


For StudentsDesign of Erosion Corrosion Test Rig(Jet Impingement Set Up)

Abdullah AlEidAli AlSudaisSoliman AlWatban

Supervised by: Associate Prof. Dr. Osama M. Irfan

Date: 9th April. 2018-2019 (392)

Abstract

Erosion – corrosion (E-C) of metallic materials designates the material degradation where mechanical wear by solid particles, liquid or the

combination of both processes interacts with corrosion caused by dissolution or surface oxidation. E-C phenomenon has caused many problems

resulting in a material loss and equipment failure. Therefore, the phenomenon received an increasing attention from researchers all over the world. The

main difficulty when trying to get information about the E-C is the method by which the experiments can be performed. The objective of this project is to

design and fabricate a test rig for E-C experimentation. Jet impingement set up had been designed and manufactured. All design procedures and

manufacturing steps were followed. Furthermore, the impact of the project on society, ethics, and environment were considered. Finally, the cost

estimation of the final product was done.


• Design and fabrication of test rig to generate Erosion - corrosion in the laboratory domain.

• Experimentally study of Erosion-corrosion effects on different materials.

• Study the effect of different parameters (time, velocity, concentration and impact angle) on erosion corrosion resistance.

• Calculate Erosion-Corrosion rate through weight loss.

Description

Erosion-Corrosion test rig (apparatus) consists of a tank contains a mixture (slurry) of water and solid particles (silica sand). A mechanical stirrer

is used to guarantee the homogeneity of the slurry. A pump is utilized to raise the slurry to attack the tested sample with various velocities. The

main idea is to prepare the homogenous slurry of water with specific concentrations of solid particles inside the tank then pumping this mixture to a

nozzle to impact the sample which is set in specific adjustable angles. The design allows the slurry to circulate continuously during the experiment.

The velocity can be measured by a flow meter supplied to the apparatus. The weight loss of samples is calculated as an indication of erosion corrosion

rate.

Detailed drawings

Proto type

Final product

(E-C test rig)Conclusion and recommendation

• The design and fabrication of a jet impingent test rig for Erosion-Corrosion were completed.

• The adjustable sample holder was designed and manufactured.

• A circulation pump and mechanical stirrer were utilized to guarantee homogeneity and continuity of the flow.

• The final product of the project can be used to examine Erosion-Corrosion of various materials.

• Further improving of the apparatus can be done to allow examining more than one sample simultaneously.

References

[1] F. Djavanroodi Osama M. Irfan, and Fahad A. Al-Mufadi (2019) Erosion Corrosion Behavior of Nanostructure Commercial Pure Titanium in

Simulated Body Fluid. MATEC Web of Conferences.

[2] Osama M. Irfan, Fahad A. Al-Mufadi, and F. Djavanroodi (2018) Surface Properties and Erosion–Corrosion Behavior of Nanostructured Pure

Titanium in Simulated Body Fluid. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A.

[3] AHMAD, Z (2006) Principles of corrosion Engineering and Corrosion Control. Elsevier Science & Technology Books.

[4] E. McCafferty (2009) Introduction to Corrosion Science, Springer.

[5] J. B. Zu, I. M. Ihtchings and G. T. Burstein, Design of a slurry erosion test rig, Wear, 140 (1990) 331-344.

3rd QECScientific


For StudentsDESIGN AND MANUFACTURING OFEROSION-CORROSION TEST RIG

(SLURRY POT TESTER)

Faris Khaled Al-ShodokhiKhaled MubarakMeshal Al-Fahad

Supervised by: Eng.Ramdan Bedri

Date: 9th April. 2018-2019 (392)

Abstract

College of Engineering at Qassim University seeks to offer a developed and accredited engineering education to satisfy the needs of the job market. The

main objective of this study is to offer research services to society which support the sustained development in the Kingdom and participate in the

knowledge economy. The method used to achieve these objectives was done in great efforts through data collection in the ambitious strategic plan for

the last ten years. The results obtained in this study shows that a locally recognized college in the engineering education and scientific research, and

supporting the sustained development in Qassim and Kingdom was identified as college of engineering – Qassim University. This study concludes that,

the performance of the college according to the strategic plan was achieved significantly (95.9%) and prepare by the end of 2020 to achieve its vision

for international recognition.

Objectives and motivation

• Study an erosion-corrosion phenomena by designing and manufacturing of test rig.

• To study the erosion-corrosion effects on different material.

• To study the effects of different parameters( velocity, impact angle, slurry concentration

and time) on sample test.

• To study the relation between time and wearing of sample test.

DescriptionErosion-corrosion test rig consists of motor, shaft, ring, samples holders, pot and stand or base for the whole device. The pot is the container

for the slurry ( solution ) and the samples holders placed inside it. The samples holder is the part that hold the samples test inside the pot. The

shape of sample holder is designed in smart way, with a triangle tip to prevent the generation of vortices. The sample holders tight in the ring

where the ring is fixed on the shaft, the motor rotates the shaft which rotate the samples holders inside the slurry.

Conclusion and recommendation

Adding new features on the device that selected, such as:

• Increasing number of tested samples at one run.

• Adjusting the impact angle.

• Ability to replace the sample holder with another one with capability to study erosion-corrosion for

another sample shape.

References

[1] (Corrosion and Corrosion Control, by R. Winston Revie and Herbert H. Uhlig Copyright © 2008 John

Wiley & Sons, Inc. page:1)

[2] (Corrosion Prevention and Protection: Practical Solutions V. S. Sastri, E. Ghali and M. Elboujdaini #

2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd page:344

[3] Wear of metals : philosophies and practicalities , J.D. GATES and G.J. Gore . department of mining an

metallurgical engineering . university of Queensland . St Lucia . Qld .4072.

3rd QECScientific


For Students

Design of a Solar/Battery Powered Quadcopter

Ahmad Nawaf AlharbiIbrahim Alhassan Mohammed Nasser Alsubaie

Supervised by: Associate Dr. Saad Mukras

Date: 8th April. 2018-2019 (392)

AbstractIn recent years, the quadcopter has gained popularity in many fields. This is because of the simplicity of mechanics thathas been used in this kind of copter. It is very beneficial, but it has some limitations. For example, the time of flying andthe range that can reach it in flying. So, this project will seek to address this problem of flying time and trying to extendthis time by designing a quadcopter that draws additional power from solar panels environmental reasons.

Objectives and Motivations• Design the appropriate structure that fit with placing the solar cells that would extend the range of a quadcopter. • Construct the quadcopter with a suitable frame.

DescriptionQuadcopter is very popular nowadays; and it is good in a number of applications. For example, it used in filmingmovies, military field, surveillance, search and rescue, construction inspections and several other applications. It ishowever limited in the ranges of the flying time. It is consuming a lot of power, and thus the battery can not stay for longtime. In this project, we are laying the groundwork for the design of a quadcopter where the flying time range is extendedusing solar energy. The aluminum metal chosen for this structure, because it is light in weight and strong. We did thecalculations of stresses and deflection to see if the metal can carry the loads of motors and the other components. We endwith relations of deflection with height and width. These relations helped in choosing the appropriate size of thestructure.

Conclusion and recommendation• The design of structure should be in way that allow more solar cells to place on it. • The material of the structure and the solar system should be light in weight, to reduce the power consumption as

possible as can. • The solar system should be efficient, to get the maximum power with less weight. • The stress calculations should be done correctly, it is better to use ANSYS software to inform your calculations and see

where is the maximum stress.

References[1] 1- Leishman, J.G. (2000). Principles of Helicopter Aerodynamics. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press. [2] 2- Anderson, S.B. (1997). "Historical Overview of V/STOL Aircraft Technology". [3] 3- R. G. Budynas and J. Keith Nessbit, Shigley’s Mechanical Engineering Design, McGraw Hill, 9th Edition, 2011.

3rd QECScientific


For Students

PORTABLE AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM USING PHASE CHANGE MATERIALS

Ahmad AlodahSufyan Alqurban

Supervised by: Dr. Ahmed M. Alshwairekh

Date: 9th April. 2018-2019 (392)Abstract

The objective of this Senior Design Project (SDP) is to design and implement a novel idea in the area of air conditioning (AC). The aim of designing thenew AC is to make it compact and portable. There will be no refrigeration cycle embedded within our design, rather the use of phase change materials(PCM) will be implemented. Water will be used as the phase-change material since it is the most affordable type of PCMs. The AC will be used for aperiod of 3 to 8 hours depending on several factors such as the mass of the PCM used, the inlet air temperature, and the mass flow rate of inlet air. TheAC is composed of the body which is insulated, a fan, and the PCM. The air is moved by the fan, then the air exchange heat with the ice and thereforethe temperature drops and the ice melts after a certain period. The AC is designed to be portable and to work within a small personal area.

Objectives And Motivation

The motivation for this project is the kind of weather we have in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). In the summer season, The air temperature under direct sun light may reach to 50℃ easily. This kind of extreme temperature affect the performance and the daily functions of personal working outside. The use of regular air conditioners will not be practical because of the large size and the use of electricity. Hence, the idea of portable air conditioners are born.

Objectives:

1. Design a portable AC2. Reduce the air temperature3. Reduce the use of PCM

Description

The portable AC consists of three main parts, 1- the body of the AC. 2- the fan. 3- the PCM or the ice. The body of the AC should be thermally insulated to avoid any heat loss to the surroundings and to prolong the life cycle of the PCM. The fan is used to move the air from the surrounding environment to the inside of the AC body. As the air is moved inside, the air will exchange heat with the ice. Therefore, the temperature of the air will reduce. There are several factors that affect the reduction of the air temperature such as the mass flow rate of the air, the temperature of the inlet air, the mass of the ice contained in the body of the AC, and the arrangement of the ice inside the container. Also, the exit opening of the air can have several orientations and design, we have chosen a simple round tube to act as the outlet of the AC. The fan has a potentiometer attached to it so that the speed is variable. In the analysis of the AC, several factors can be studied. However, the most important factor are been considered such as 1- The speed of the inlet air. And 2- The mass of the PCM or ice. It is desired to have a small compact AC. Therefore, the mass of the PCM is an important factor to be considered. So, the mass of ice was changed from 1 kg to 5 kg with an increment of 1kg. Also, the speed of the inlet air was varied three times. The exit air temperature was monitored with time. The ultimate aim is to have the exit air temperature as low as possible for the longest period of time with the lowest possible amount of ice.

Results

Conclusion and Recommendations

In our design, the ice was placed in the bottom of the AC container. Therefore, the air was not having a perfect contact with the ice. Therefore, the arrangement of the ice is an important factor to be considered. It is recommended that the ice be raised over the bottom and the container should be divided so that the air can have a longer time in the AC. The longer the air is in the container, the more the temperature drop we have. However, this deign will give rise to a higher pressure drop, therefore, the velocity of the air should be increased to overcome the increased pressure drop from the different arrangement of the ice.

The exit air temperature was monitored over time for several cases. Sample cases are presented below.

23

24

25

26

27

28

0 15 30 45 60 75 90 105

Exit

Te

mp

℃

Time(min)

for 1 kg

2021222324252627

0 15 30 45 60 75 90 105 120 135 150 165

Exit

Te

mp

℃

Time (min)

for 5kg

3rd QECScientific


For StudentsDevelopment of a Cooling Water System for Residential Roof Tanks

Abdullah Mohammed MalherbeAbdualmalik Abdulaziz AlbelaihyMohanned Mohammed Alotaibi

Supervised by: Dr. Mohammed Bentrcia

Date: 9th April. 2018-2019 (392)

Abstract

In this Senior Design Project (SDP) it is aimed to develop and test a cooling water system for residential roof tanks. Firstly a short review of storage

tanks is presented. Then the new types of tanks introduced are described. After that the elaboration of the cooling water system is performed. The system

consists of a 4-layer poleythelyne tank painted with a special insulating layers. For testing the new system, a second similar and regular tank is used.

The two tanks are filled with water and exposed to the sun temperature measurement. Measuring is each two hours starting at 7a.m.Unfortunately the

weather is still relatively cold for testing. However we expect to have good results and we just wait for the ambient temperature to increase for testing.

Motivations and Objectives

storage of potable water is needed for most of world population. Overhead water tanks are used to solve this crisis but their exposure to sun radiation

during hot days increases water temperature to the extent that it becomes unsupportable for bathing and washing. Therefore it is very important to develop

a cheaper cooling storage tank that keeps the water temperature within the acceptable range.

System description

Water Storage tanks have been significantly developed.

They are changed from stone-belt type, passing by

concrete and metallic type to reach the actual well treated

plastic type [1, 2 ] as shown in the figure 1.

Figure 1 water storage tank evolution

Eminent aspects of the developed cooling system

The developed cooling tank is made from a 4-layer Polyethylene Water Tank which has good insulation aspect, painted with extra insulating layers (prepared from a mixture of calcium carbonate and white glue ). This double insulation in addition to the light weight , affordable cost, easy installation, anti- corrosion, .. Form the distinguished features of the new cooling system.Concerning the system testing for keeping water cooler than ordinary tanks , the new system and another similar regular tank are filled with water in order to expose them on the college roof to solar radiation. Then water temperature will be measured at the same time in both tanks each two hours . Unfortunately the weather is still not enough hot to conduct the experience but we expect considerable difference between the temperatures of water in the two tanks. The two tanks are shown in fig.2

Conclusion and recommendationsthe project cost is not high and it is very essential for keepingwater cool in the hot Gulf summer season . Also the project shouldcontinue when the summer becomes very hot in order to assessthe new system.

Ordinary tank new developed cooling tank ( painted )

Figure 2 the two tanks for testing

References

[1] Shutterstock, Inc.[US] :https://www.shutterstock.com/image-photo/old-water-tank-forests-san-francisco-660591976[2] Nova Plastic Industries L.L.C. | Polyethylene Water Tanks Manufacturers | Plastic Water Tanks Manufacturers

https://www.shutterstock.com/image-photo/old-water-tank-forests-san-francisco-660591976

3rd QECScientific


For Students

Design of Sewerage System and Wastewater Treatment

Plant for a Residential Area in the City of Buraydah

FAISAL AL-TOWAIJIRY

SULIMAN AL-ZUWAYYED

SALEH AL-OWAYSI

ABDULLAH AL-HASSAN

Supervised by:

Dr. Husnain Haider

Semester 2018-2019 (392)

Date: 9th April. 2019Abstract

Sewerage system is the infrastructure that collects, treats, and safely dispose the wastewater generated from residential, commercial, and industrial areas. Its main

components consist of a network of sanitary sewers, manholes, pumping stations, and wastewater treatment facilities. In this senior design project, a sanitary

sewerage system and wastewater treatment plant has been designed for a fully developed residential area in Buraydah City. Design of sanitary sewerage system

includes estimation of population served and peak sewage flows to design the sanitary sewers. Velocities in the sewers are equal or higher than the self-cleansing

velocity of 0.6m/s. Invert levels are calculated for upstream and downstream of each sewer. Locations of lift stations are identified for the sewers deeper than 15 m.

A complete hydraulic statement has been developed on Excel worksheet. Longitudinal profile for the longest sewer is also developed. Final disposal station is

designed to discharge the collected water into the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). The components designed for WWTP consist of bar screen, grit chamber,

primary clarifier, rotating biological contractors (RBC), secondary clarifier, sand filter, and chlorination unit. The treated wastewater can be recycled for agriculture

purposes.

Key Words: Sanitary Sewer, Sewerage System Design, Self-cleansing Velocity, Invert Level, WWTP

Objectives and MotivationsThe objectives of this senior design project (SDP) are:

1. Estimation of design flow for sanitary sewerage systems.

2. Hydraulic design of sanitary sewerage system

3. Design of wastewater treatment plant for a residential area in the city of

Buraydah.

The motivation of our Senior Design Project (SDP) was to design a sanitary

sewerage system and wastewater treatment plant for safe disposal of

obnoxious wastewater. The treated wastewater recycled for agricultural

applications follows the sustainability objectives of Vision 2030 of Saudi Arabia.

Conclusions • A sanitary sewerage system for a residential area (1,600,000 m𝟐) located at the North of Buraydah was

designed. Sanitary sewage system consisted of 285 sewers, 284 manholes, and a final pump station.

• Due to rolling topography, the depth of trenches were found to be deeper than 15m at certain locations. To

avoid extra cost for deeper trenches, 3 lift station have been proposed.

• 96 drop manhole were provided at the manholes where the difference between invert levels of sewers was

found to be more than 0.6m.

• WWTP consisting of four main treatment phases preliminary, primary, secondary and tertiary treatment levels

sufficiently meets the required standards for recycling of wastewater fro agricultural applications.

References1) Lectures notes of CE 370: Water and Wastewater

Engineering.2) McGhee T.J., "Water Supply and Sewerage“, 2007, 6th

Edition, McGraw‐Hill International, Singapore3) Lectures notes of CE 475: Environmental Engineering.4) metcalf & eddy “Wastewater Engineering: Treatment and

Reuse”,2004, 4th Edition, , McGraw‐Hill International.

Wet well

Pump station

Table 2: Hydraulic statement – Examples of design of few sanitary sewers in the study area

Table 1: Demographics of the study

area.

Figure 2: Study area

Methodology• The project is based on the design of a sanitary sewerage system shown in

Figure 1. The study area shown in Figure 2 is Sultana Neighborhood in

Buraydah city with rolling to flat terrain with ground level varying between 629

and 640m.

• The layout of the sanitary sewerage system network consists of sewers,

manholes and lift stations is shown in Figure 3.

• The average sewage flows were estimated on the basis of water consumption

and the population at the end of the design period (see Table 1).

• Hydraulic statement, including design population, design flows, ground levels,

and invert levels of manholes, is presented in Table 2.

• A typical cross-section of a drop manhole is shown in Figure 4.

• Typical layouts of sewage pumping station is shown in Figure 5.

• Figure 6 shows a longitudinal section of one of the longest sewers in the study

area.

• Design of WWTP stages and its dimension based on sewage flow which

consist bar screen grit chamber, primary sedimentation tank, RBC, secondary

clarifier, sand filter, and disinfection tank are shown in Table 3.

• Figure 7 shows the plan of the designed WWTP.

Figure 3: Plan of sanitary

sewerage system

Number Persons Number Persons Number Persons Number Persons Number Persons U / S D / S U / S D / S

m No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. m3/d m

3/d m

3/d m

3/d m

3/d m

3/s m/s mm m/m m

3/s mm m/s m m m m m m

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40

1 M1- M2 M1 M2 254.15 0.00 12.00 120.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 120.00 120.00 0.224 26.88 4.22 113.46 8.064 121.526 0.001 2.00 0.3 0.0214 0.1413 0.010 0.090 0.027 0.28 0.56 5.44 0.05 647 646 645.65 640.21 5.44

2 M2-M3 M2 M3 72.62 0.00 4.00 40.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 40.00 188.00 0.224 42.11 4.16 175.09 12.634 187.723 0.002 1.60 0.3 0.0137 0.113 0.019 0.120 0.036 0.34 0.54 0.99 0.05 646 644 639.46 638.47 5.18

3 M3-M4 M3 M4 344.92 0.00 18.00 180.00 1.00 3.00 0.00 0.00 183.00 399.00 0.224 89.38 4.02 359.53 26.813 386.343 0.004 1.20 0.3 0.0077 0.0848 0.053 0.190 0.057 0.47 0.56 2.66 0.05 644 646 638.47 635.81 9.84

4 M5-M6 M5 M6 145.23 8.00 56.00 2.00 20.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 76.00 76.00 0.224 17.02 4.27 72.77 5.107 77.873 0.001 2.00 0.3 0.0214 0.1413 0.006 0.090 0.027 0.28 0.56 3.11 0.05 647 644 645.65 642.54 1.11

5 M6-M7 M6 M7 65.35 4.00 28.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 28.00 223.00 0.224 49.95 4.13 206.32 14.986 221.309 0.003 1.60 0.3 0.0137 0.113 0.023 0.120 0.036 0.34 0.54 0.90 0.05 644 643 638.77 637.87 4.78

6 M7-M8 M7 M8 130.71 12.00 84.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 84.00 363.00 0.224 81.31 4.04 328.65 24.394 353.043 0.004 2.00 0.3 0.0214 0.1413 0.029 0.140 0.042 0.38 0.76 2.80 0.05 643 642 641.24 638.44 3.21

7 M8-M9 M8 M9 61.72 4.00 28.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 28.00 471.00 0.224 105.50 3.99 420.69 31.651 452.342 0.005 2.00 0.3 0.0214 0.1413 0.037 0.170 0.051 0.43 0.86 1.32 0.05 642 642 637.45 636.13 5.52

8 M10-M11 M10 M11 61.72 2.00 14.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 14.00 14.00 0.224 3.14 4.40 13.80 0.941 14.737 0.000 2.00 0.225 0.0314 0.0795 0.002 0.080 0.018 0.27 0.54 1.94 0.05 647 647 645.73 643.79 2.94

9 M11-M12 M11 M12 61.72 5.00 35.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 35.00 49.00 0.224 10.98 4.32 47.38 3.293 50.670 0.001 2.00 0.225 0.0314 0.0795 0.007 0.090 0.020 0.28 0.56 1.94 0.05 647 647 646.44 644.50 2.22

House (7 P/H) Commercial (10 P/C) Mosque (3 P/M)

S.NO Sewer lineLength

of lineTo M.HFrom M.H

School (5 P/S)

InfiltrationDesgin flow

"Qa"V full Dia.

Park (10 P/P) peak

sewage

flow

Population

served

Design

population

Per capita

sewage

flow

Ave. daily

swage flow

peak

factor

Check

for ECSlope

Invert level

DropVaVa / Vf

G.L

dd / DQa / QfQ full WT

Number Persons Number Persons Number Persons Number Persons Number Persons U / S D / S U / S D / S

m No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. m3/d m

3/d m

3/d m

3/d m

3/d m

3/s m/s mm m/m m

3/s mm m/s m m m m m m

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40

1 M1- M2 M1 M2 254.15 0.00 12.00 120.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 120.00 120.00 0.224 26.88 4.22 113.46 8.064 121.526 0.001 2.00 0.3 0.0214 0.1413 0.010 0.090 0.027 0.28 0.56 5.44 0.05 647 646 645.65 640.21 5.44

2 M2-M3 M2 M3 72.62 0.00 4.00 40.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 40.00 188.00 0.224 42.11 4.16 175.09 12.634 187.723 0.002 1.60 0.3 0.0137 0.113 0.019 0.120 0.036 0.34 0.54 0.99 0.05 646 644 639.46 638.47 5.18

3 M3-M4 M3 M4 344.92 0.00 18.00 180.00 1.00 3.00 0.00 0.00 183.00 399.00 0.224 89.38 4.02 359.53 26.813 386.343 0.004 1.20 0.3 0.0077 0.0848 0.053 0.190 0.057 0.47 0.56 2.66 0.05 644 646 638.47 635.81 9.84

4 M5-M6 M5 M6 145.23 8.00 56.00 2.00 20.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 76.00 76.00 0.224 17.02 4.27 72.77 5.107 77.873 0.001 2.00 0.3 0.0214 0.1413 0.006 0.090 0.027 0.28 0.56 3.11 0.05 647 644 645.65 642.54 1.11

5 M6-M7 M6 M7 65.35 4.00 28.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 28.00 223.00 0.224 49.95 4.13 206.32 14.986 221.309 0.003 1.60 0.3 0.0137 0.113 0.023 0.120 0.036 0.34 0.54 0.90 0.05 644 643 638.77 637.87 4.78

6 M7-M8 M7 M8 130.71 12.00 84.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 84.00 363.00 0.224 81.31 4.04 328.65 24.394 353.043 0.004 2.00 0.3 0.0214 0.1413 0.029 0.140 0.042 0.38 0.76 2.80 0.05 643 642 641.24 638.44 3.21

7 M8-M9 M8 M9 61.72 4.00 28.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 28.00 471.00 0.224 105.50 3.99 420.69 31.651 452.342 0.005 2.00 0.3 0.0214 0.1413 0.037 0.170 0.051 0.43 0.86 1.32 0.05 642 642 637.45 636.13 5.52

8 M10-M11 M10 M11 61.72 2.00 14.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 14.00 14.00 0.224 3.14 4.40 13.80 0.941 14.737 0.000 2.00 0.225 0.0314 0.0795 0.002 0.080 0.018 0.27 0.54 1.94 0.05 647 647 645.73 643.79 2.94

9 M11-M12 M11 M12 61.72 5.00 35.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 35.00 49.00 0.224 10.98 4.32 47.38 3.293 50.670 0.001 2.00 0.225 0.0314 0.0795 0.007 0.090 0.020 0.28 0.56 1.94 0.05 647 647 646.44 644.50 2.22

House (7 P/H) Commercial (10 P/C) Mosque (3 P/M)

S.NO Sewer lineLength

of lineTo M.HFrom M.H

School (5 P/S)

InfiltrationDesgin flow

"Qa"V full Dia.

Park (10 P/P) peak

sewage

flow

Population

served

Design

population

Per capita

sewage

flow

Ave. daily

swage flow

peak

factor

Check

for ECSlope

Invert level

DropVaVa / Vf

G.L

dd / DQa / QfQ full WT

60

57

54

51

48

45

42

39

36

33

30

27

24

21

18

15

12

9

6

3

0 9 18 27 36 45 54 63 72 81 90 99 108 117 126 135 144 153 162 171 180 189 198

Preliminary

Treatment Primary Treatment Secondary Treatment Tertiary Treatment

Bar screen Grit Chamber Primary Sedimentation Tank RBC Tanks Secondary Sedimentation Sand Filter Disinfection

650

645

640

635

630

625

620

615

610

605 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850 900 950 1000 1050 1100 1150 1200 1250 1300 1350 1400 1450 1500 1550 1600 1650 1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 2250 2300 2350 2400 2450 2500 2550 2600

MANHOLE.NO 1 2 3 4 48 49 50 56 68 86 94 115 125 131 148 269 273 275 277 281 282

GROUND LEVEL 647 646 644 646 645 644 642 642 642 640 640 640 639 639 637 636 635 635 635 634 633

INVERT LEVEL 645.65 639.47 638.47 635.8 632.8 629.65 628.68 628.46 640.65 637.002 634.127 632.961 630.242 623.725 620.617 619.401 617.375 616.475 615.574 613.323 612.37

LENGTH 0 254.15 326.35 671.27 816.59 881.94 1008.94 1069.94 1207.91 1324.09 1458.43 1512.89 1639.97 1698.06 1843.29 1941.32 2104.7 2177.32 2249.94 2431.48 2525.88

DIAMETER 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.525 0.525

1

M1 M2 M3M M48 M49

M5 M68M86 M94 M115 M125 M131 M148

M269 M27 M275 M27

11 1

M281

1

M5

M28

Final Pump Station

Figure 4: Typical cross-

section of a drop manhole

Manhole

DropManhole

Figure 6 : Example of a longitudinal section of sanitary sewer

Figure 5 : Typical sewage

pumping station

Items Population / Items Number Population

Houses 7 person / house 1042 7294

schools 5 person / school 10 50

commercial 10 person / commercial 223 2230

Mosques 3 person / mosque 16 48

Park 10 person / park 2 20

Total 1293 9642

Figure 1 : Separate

sewerage system

Figure 7 : Wastewater Treatment Plant draw.

Tank n Dimensions

Grit Chamber 2 4 * 2.5 * 1

Primary Sedimentation Tank 2 14 * 3

Rotating Biological Contactor(RBC) 3 5 Stages

Secondary Sedimentation Tank 2 14 * 5

Rapid Sand Filter 6 5 * 2

Disinfection Tank 2 2 * 3 * 3

Table 3: Design of WWTP stages and its dimension.

Documents

3 QEC Scientific Engineering Symposium for Students