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Powerpoint presentation from MAPC's second Community Visioning Process meeting in Medford on March 30, 2011.
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Mystic Valley Parkway Green Line
Community Visioning Process
Public Meeting #2
March 30, 2011
1
Process Map
Community
Vision
Community
Opportunities
Community
Concerns
Issue
IdentificationDraft
Recommendations
Continuous Public Involvement
Continuous Stakeholder Outreach
Tonight’s Meeting
2
Mystic Valley Parkway Green Line
Community Visioning Process
Traffic and Parking
March 30, 2011
Eric Halvorsen, Transit Planner, MAPC
3
Presentation Will Cover:
• Commuting Patterns and Ridership
• Where Are People Going and How Are They Getting There
• Accessing a Station at Mystic Valley Parkway
• Walking, Biking, Public Transit, Driving
• Parking
• Policy and Enforcement
• Existing and Future Traffic Patterns
• Green Line vs. No-Green Line Patterns
Traffic and Parking
4
Commuting Patterns and Ridership
T
5
Presentation Will Cover:
• Commuting Patterns and Ridership
• Where Are People Going and How Are They Getting There
• Accessing a Station at Mystic Valley Parkway
• Walking, Biking, Public Transit, Driving
• Parking
• Policy and Enforcement
• Existing and Future Traffic Patterns
• Green Line vs. No-Green Line Patterns
Traffic and Parking
6
Commuting Patterns and Ridership
Workforce Living within 1 Mile
13,000
Number of Workers Living within
1 mile of MVP Station
Working Along the Green Line
33%
Employment destination within ½
mile of the Green Line
7
Commuting Patterns and Ridership
Travel Time from Mystic Valley Parkway to Park Street Station in Downtown Boston
15-30 Minutes by Car
Route 16 to I-93 South*Depending on traffic
30 Minutes by Green Line Extension
MVP Station to Park Street Station*One Seat Ride
35-60 Minutes by Existing Bus and Subway
Route 94 Bus to Red Line at Davis to Park Street Station*Depending on connection
8
Commuting Patterns and Ridership
How many people are projected to take the Green Line?
• 800 riders during the peak hour at MVP station
• 2,000 riders during the entire day at MVP station
Travel Mode Shift for Peak Hour MVP Station Riders
StationPreviously
Taking Transit
Previously
Walking/Biking
Previously
Driving
Mystic Valley Pkwy23% 3% 74%
184 Riders 24 Riders 592 Riders
*Data provided by CTPS
9
Presentation Will Cover:
• Commuting Patterns and Ridership
• Where Are People Going and How Are They Getting There
• Accessing a Station at Mystic Valley Parkway
• Walking, Biking, Public Transit, Driving
• Parking
• Policy and Enforcement
• Existing and Future Traffic Patterns
• Green Line vs. No-Green Line Patterns
Traffic and Parking
10
Station Access
Riders access stations using different modes of transportation:
Walking
Biking
Transit
Drop Offs11
Station Access
How many people are projected to be dropped off at the MVP station in the morning?
• DEIR projects 40 drop-offs during the morning peak hour
• Based on 2007 Central Transportation Planning Staff (CTPS) study on kiss-n-ride (KNR)
• Survey of 76 transit stations, with and without parking
• Even if KNR projection doubled to 80, still low compared to overall traffic volumes
• 800 cars on Boston Avenue
• 3,100 cars on Route 16
• MVP station is not comparable to Alewife or Wellington
• No parking, no easy access off major roadways
• Mystic Valley Parkway station will not include parking 12
Station Access
How does Mystic Valley compare to other stations
surveyed?
Peak Hour Kiss N Ride (KNR) Analysis
Station Ridership KNR Observed KNR Percentage
Newton Centre 394 46 11.7%
Brookline Village 923 19 2.1%
Reservoir Station 923 22 2.4%
Station Projected Riders Projected KNR KNR Percentage
Mystic Valley Pkwy 800 40 5%
*Data provided by CTPS
13
Green Line – Newton Centre Station
Major
Roadway
Circle
Drop-
Off
Area
Station
2006 Peak
Period
Ridership
2007 KNR
Headcount
Actual
KNR %
Newton
Centre394 46 11.7%
On-
Street
Parking
14
Green Line – Reservoir Station
Major
Roadway
Circle
Drop-
Off
Area
Station
2006 Peak
Period
Ridership
2007 KNR
Headcount
Actual
KNR %
Reservoir 923 22 2.4%
15
Green Line – Brookline Village Station
Major
Roadway
Circle
Drop-
Off
Area
Station
2006 Peak
Period
Ridership
2007 KNR
Headcount
Actual
KNR %
Brookline
Village923 19 2.1%
16
Presentation Will Cover:
• Commuting Patterns and Ridership
• Where Are People Going and How Are They Getting There
• Accessing a Station at Mystic Valley Parkway
• Walking, Biking, Public Transit, Driving
• Parking
• Policy and Enforcement
• Existing and Future Traffic Patterns
• Green Line vs. No-Green Line Patterns
Traffic and Parking
17
Parking
Key ways to regulate on-street parking:
1. Develop a strong parking ordinance
• MassDOT has agreed to work with the Cities on drafting
updated parking ordinances
2. Options for regulation
• Residential permitted parking
• Metered spaces promoting turnover, reducing day-long
parking
3. Enforcement
• Consistent parking enforcement is important
• Daily or spot checking at metered or permitted locations
18
Presentation Will Cover:
• Commuting Patterns and Ridership
• Where Are People Going and How Are They Getting There
• Accessing a Station at Mystic Valley Parkway
• Walking, Biking, Public Transit, Driving
• Parking
• Policy and Enforcement
• Existing and Future Traffic Patterns
• Green Line vs. No-Green Line Patterns
Traffic and Parking
19
Existing and Future Traffic Patterns
How is traffic congestion typically measured?
• Delay
• Time you might wait at an intersection
• Expressed in “seconds of delay”
• Level of Service (LOS)
• Operating conditions at an intersection
• Rated A – F
• LOS A, B & = Little Congestion
• LOS D = Near Congestion
• LOS E & F = Congestion20
Existing and Future Traffic Patterns
What might traffic be like in the year 2030?
• Population and employment is expected to modestly increase
through 2030
• Drivers are averaging more trips per day, adding
congestion to the transportation network
More People = More Cars = More Congestion
21
Existing and Future Traffic Patterns
Level of Service Comparison – 2007, 2030 No-GLX, 2030 GLX
AM Peak Hour Congestion/LOS
Intersection2007
LOS
2030
No-GLX
LOS
2030 GLX
LOS
Mystic Valley at Boston Avenue E - -
Mystic Valley at Auburn Street (East) C - +
Mystic Valley at Auburn Street (West) B - +
Mystic Valley at Winthrop Street F - =
Boston Avenue at North Street B - +
Boston Avenue at Winthrop Street D - =
Boston Avenue at College Avenue D - -
Main Street at High Street E - +
Main Street at Harvard Street E - =
*Data provided by VHB, Inc.
• LOS gets worse in the
No-GLX 2030 scenario
• Green Line Extension
provides a modest
reduction in traffic in 2030
• Delay is reduced at
some intersections, not
enough to change LOS
22
- Means 2030 GLX is worse than No-GLX
+ Means 2030 GLX is better than No-GLX
= Mean 2030 GLX is equal to No-GLX
Changes in Traffic Patterns as a Result of Increased Capacity on a Roadway
Existing Congestion:
Drivers are taking parallel
alternative routes due to
existing congestion.
Congestion After Construction:
Auto trips are reduced on the roadway
due to mode shift to new transit service.
Other drivers have not yet realized the
increased peak hour capacity along the
main travel route.
Future Congestion:
Drivers who were taking
parallel alternative routes have
now returned to the original
roadway. This alleviates traffic
on parallel routes.
Project
Implementation
Increased
Roadway Capacity
Year 2011 Year 2020 Year 2030
23
Conclusion
In Conclusion:• Population in Metro Boston is increasing modestly, but
the number of automobile trips taken are increasing at a
faster pace
• Traffic in the area will get worse over time
• The Green Line Extension will provide modest traffic
congestion reductions
• Any reduction in automobile congestion is an air quality
benefit
24
Questions?
25
Mystic Valley Parkway Green Line
Community Visioning Process
Air Quality
March 30, 2011
Mariana Arcaya, Senior Regional and
Public Health Planner, MAPC
26
Air Quality
• Air quality as the main motivation for Green Line Extension (GLX)
• What’s been done to understand air quality and the GLX
• What we know
• What’s next
27
The Green Line Extension is an
air quality improvement project
• Extending the Green Line will reduce
vehicle traffic over time, significantly
improving air quality in the region
28
Understanding Air Quality:
What’s been done
• GLX underwent a preliminary Massachusetts Environmental Protection Act (MEPA) process
• Air quality analysis required an examination of pollutants regulated by the Clean Air Act’s National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS)
• MassDOT produced highly conservative estimates to understand the maximum impacts possible
29
What Was Done
• Air quality analysis overview
–How is our air quality now?
–What will air quality be in the future
• If the Green Line is extended to Mystic Valley Parkway?
• If there is no extension?
• Regional air quality and intersections right around the stations
30
What Was Measured
• Pollutants measured and projected
– Carbon monoxide (CO)
– Nitrogen oxides (NOx)
– Volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
– Carbon dioxide (CO2)
– Particulate matter (PM10, PM2.5)
31
Study Area
32
Regional Findings
• The Green Line Extension is an air quality
improvement project.
• Air quality will be improved above and
beyond what was required by the state
• Vehicles will drive 26,650 fewer miles/day
Pollutant Volatile Organic
Compounds
(VOCs)
Nitrogen
Oxides
(NOx)
Particulate
Matter 10
(PM10)
Carbon
Dioxide
(CO2)
Change in daily emissions
compared to no extension
- 7.9 kg -5.1 kg -0.8kg -18,043kg
33
Intersections Studied
34
MVP Intersection Findings
Current (2007)
Extension to
Mystic Valley No build Current (2007)
Extension to
Mystic Valley No build Current (2007)
Extension to
Mystic Valley No build
Carbon Monoxide (C0):
concentration over 1 hour (ppm) 35 5.5 4.6 4.6 6.8 5.4 5.2 5 4.3 4.2
Carbon Monoxide (C0):
concentration over 8 hours (ppm) 9 3.6 3 3 4.5 3.6 3.4 3.3 2.8 2.8
Particulate Matter 10 (PM10):
concentration over 24 hours
(µg/m3) 150 81 73 71 91 78 78 78 71 71
Particulate Matter 2.5 (PM2.5):
concentration over 24 hours
(µg/m3) 35 31.7 32.1 30.9 32.9 32.9 31.7 31.7 31.7 30.9
Particulate Matter 2.5 (PM2.5):
concentration over 1 year (µg/m3) 15 12.1 12.1 11.9 12.3 12.3 12.1 12.1 12.1 11.9
Pollutant NAAQS
Mystic Valley Parkway at Boston Mystic Valley Parkway at Winthrop Mystic Valley Parkway Offramp at Main
Green means the air will be cleaner than the National Ambient Air Quality Standards
(NAAQS) to protect human health. Bright green means air quality will both meet NAAQS
standards and be cleaner than it is now.
No pollutant at any intersection studied exceeds EPA limits
35
Green Line Trains and Commuter Rail
• Trains that will be used on the Green Line Extension
Project will be electric and will not generate air
pollution
• Relocating the commuter rail closer to residential
properties will not have an air quality impact, even for
the closest property for the pollutant most sensitive to
distance changes
Pollutant Current After
relocation
Difference Percent
Difference
NAAQS Exceeds
NAAQS?
24-hour PM2.5
Concentration
29.7 30.1 .4 1.3% 35 No
Annual PM 2.5
Concentration
11.7 11.8 .1 .9% 15 No
36
Summary of Findings
• The Green Line Extension will improve air quality throughout the region, reducing levels of pollutants that cause health problems
• Local air quality around stations will be maintained: for some pollutants, air will be even cleaner than it is today
• Green Line trains will not emit pollution, any changes to the commuter rail will not worsen air quality; vehicles are the primary source of air quality concern
– The Green Line extension is designed to reduce car travel and prevent growth in car travel
37
What’s Next?
• Another MEPA review and other governmental and environmental reviews are likely
• This visioning process is an opportunity to think about how to reduce driving around the station and around town in general– Connections to bike/pedestrian and other transit
– Land uses around the station
• This visioning process is an opportunity to think about the positives of cleaner air– Enhancing recreational resources?
38
Questions?
39
Mystic Valley Parkway Green Line
Community Visioning Process
Land Acquisitions
March 30, 2011
Kate Fichter, Manager of Long-Range Planning,
MassDOT
40
Presentation Will Cover:
• Land Acquisitions Around College Ave
• Land Acquisitions Around Mystic Valley Parkway
• Process for Land Acquisition
Land Acquisitions
41
Land
Acquisitions
• Minimal land acquisitions
around College Ave. station
area
• Acquisitions limited to small
segments along bridge
abutments and along the track
right-of-way
42
Land Acquisitions43
Land Acquisitions
Real Estate Acquisition Process
• Acquisitions are identified
• Acquisition Staff meet with property owners to explain project and owner’s rights
• Acquisition Staff contracts with an appraisal company who determines market value of property
• Letter is sent to property owners detailing appraisal, negotiations begin
• Agreement is reached, MBTA Board of Directors approves acquisition
• Payment is awarded to property owner 44
Questions?
45
Mystic Valley Parkway Green Line
Community Visioning Process
Managing Neighborhood Change
March 30, 2011
Jennifer Raitt, Chief Housing Planner, MAPC
46
The introduction of new transit spurs community changes, including:
• Housing affordability
• Demographic diversity (Age, Ethnicity, Class,
Household Status)
• Business diversity
Communities can manage neighborhood change and mitigate negative impacts on neighborhoods, people, and jobs by implementing equitable development policies and strategies.
Managing Neighborhood Change
47
1) Define neighborhood change
2) Provide an overview of MAPC’s ongoing research on
neighborhood change
3) Explore possible attributes of change in areas near the
proposed stations
4) Discuss next steps in research
Presentation Objectives
48
What is gentrification?
Gentrification is a pattern of neighborhood change in
which a neighborhood experiences reinvestment and
revitalization, accompanied by increasing home values
and/or rents.
Gentrification, while frequently controversial, can be either
good or bad for a neighborhood, depending on who
benefits from the reinvestment and revitalization.
(Source: Stephanie Pollack, 2010)
Defining Terms
49
What is displacement?
A pattern of change in which current residents are
involuntarily forced to move out because they cannot
afford to stay in the gentrified neighborhood.
This housing turnover is marked both by unequal retention
of existing residents (with wealthier and/or better-
educated residents more likely to remain) and in-migration
of wealthier, better-educated residents.
(Source: Stephanie Pollack, 2010)
Defining Terms
50
MAPC is talking to communities around the country to gain
insight on strategies to manage neighborhood change.
These include:
• Workforce strategies that promote local/small business
retention and employer-assisted housing
• Conversion ordinances that increase protections for
renters
• Preservation of housing currently in private markets
• Development without displacement policies and/or
strategies
• Community benefits agreements
MAPC Research on Strategies in Practice
51
Attributes of Change
52
MAPC is developing a methodology for identifying and
tracking areas susceptible to gentrification (anti-
displacement risk) and change over time using Census
data. The study area includes Census Tracts within a 1-
mile radius of the proposed Mystic Valley Parkway station
location.
MAPC will focus strategies to manage neighborhood
change in these areas.
Study Area
53
Attributes of Change
54
The following are some of the attributes studied:
1) Age of Householder/ Family/ Nonfamily Households
• Seniors on Fixed Incomes - could be displaced
by rising housing costs
2) Household Size
3) Housing Cost Burden
• Cost Burdened Renters – may be priced out of
the market
• Cost Burdened Long-Term Resident Owners –
may be further burdened by housing costs/
rising property values
There are 9,600 households in the study area, split almost
evenly among owner and rental units, and occupied as
follows:
1) One-third are occupied by single-person households
2) One-half are occupied by 2-3 people households
• Predominantly family households
• 11% are nonfamily households
3) There are only 135 large nonfamily households (four or
more people)
Household Size
55
Single Person Household
2 or 3 people, Family
Households
2 or 3 people, Non-Family Household
4 or 5 people, Family
Household
4 or 5 people, Non-Family Household
Household Size
1) Most of the single-person households in the study area
are a resident younger than age 65.
2) While only 38% of the single-person households are
senior citizens, seniors comprise a (slight) majority of
single-person households north of the proposed station in
West Medford.
3) In Arlington, more than ¾ of single person households
are working age (15-64).
57
Single-Person Household Characteristics
Cost Burden:
• Moderate Housing Cost Burden: Gross Housing
Costs are 30-50% of HH Income
• Severe Housing Cost Burden: Gross Housing Costs
are >50% of HH Income
1) More than 80% of renters in the station area are
people younger than age 65 and are the vast
majority of cost-burdened households.
2) Approximately 17% of all renters in the station area
are seniors - 20% are cost burdened.
Renter Housing Cost Burden
1) 35% of all homeowners are cost burdened
2) The largest number of homeowners and also the
largest number of housing cost burdened owners
overall live north of the station in West Medford
3) Seniors comprise 32% of homeowners and the same
proportion of housing cost burdened homeowners
4) Nearly 1,000 seniors own their home outright, this
comprises 65% of all homeowners over 65.
Owner Housing Cost Burden
1) Refining methodology for identifying and tracking
gentrification and anti-displacement risk
2) Talking with City and State leaders who will help
manage and oversee neighborhood change
3) Identifying innovations and best practice while exploring
existing housing, community and economic development
policies in Medford and Somerville
4) Further defining appropriate strategies for communities
in and around the Station Area to manage neighborhood
change
MAPC Next Steps in Research
60
Questions?
61
Thank you for your participation!
Next Meeting: Mid-May, Stay Tuned!
If you have further questions or comments please contact us at:
Additional information on previous and future meetings can be found at:
www.mass.gov/greenlineextension
www.mapc.org
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