3Dipsos 3_1 User Guide MODULES

8/9/2019 3Dipsos 3_1 User Guide MODULES

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ontents

PART 1 WELCOME TO 3DIPSOS....................................................... ........................................................ 7 Welcome to 3Dipsos Advanced Features .............................................................. .......................................... 9

PART 2 RECONSTRUCTION FOR ENGINEERING.............................................................................. 11 CHAPTER 1 PRINCIPLES OF R ECONSTRUCTION ........................................................... ................................... 13

1. Method .......................................................... ............................................................... ......................... 15 2. Segmenting Point Clouds ..................................................... ........................................................... ...... 15 3. Saving Data..................... ................................................................ ...................................................... 17 4. Creating ECs.................... ........................................................... .......................................................... 18 5. Bounding ECs ......................................................... ............................................................... ............... 19

CHAPTER 2 R ECOGNITION OF I NDUSTRY -SPECIFIC E NTITIES ......................................................... ............... 21 1. Piping ........................................................... ................................................................ ......................... 22

2. Steelworks ........................................................... ................................................................... ............... 49 3. Equipment .............................................................. ................................................................ ............... 57 4. Heating, Ventilation and Air-Conditioning............................................. .............................................. 60 5. Cable Trays...................................................... .............................................................. ....................... 62 6. Metal Access, Stairs, Ladder............. ................................................................ .................................... 69 7. Civil Engineering ..................................................... .............................................................. ............... 87 8. Alien .............................................................. ............................................................... ......................... 90

CHAPTER 3 EC CONSTRUCTION USING PDMS SYNTAXES .................................................. ......................... 91 PART 3 EFFECTIVE CREATION MECHANISMS....................................................... .......................... 95

CHAPTER 1 PRINCIPLES OF EFFECTIVE CREATION MECHANISMS .................................................. ............... 97 1. Method .......................................................... ............................................................... ......................... 98 2. Construction Graph ............................................................. ........................................................... ...... 98

3. Models and Instances......................... ................................................................ ................................... 98 4. Entity Duplication ............................................................. ................................................................ .. 100 5. Semi-automatic Extraction of Primitives (SmartLine TM ).......................... ........................................... 100 6. Standardization Tables........................................................................... ............................................. 100 7. Reconstruction Using Images.............................................................. ................................................ 101

CHAPTER 2 USING SEMI-AUTOMATIC EXTRACTION OF PRIMITIVES (SMART LINETM) ................................. 103 1. SmartLine Introduction ............................................................... .................................................... 104 2. Extraction Examples .......................................................... ............................................................... .. 105 3. Constraint Management........................................ ................................................................ .............. 107 4. Exporting to PDS/PDMS............................................ ........................................................... .............. 110

CHAPTER 3 EASYPIPE TOOL ..................................................... ........................................................... ... 113 1. Introduction....................................... ................................................................ .................................. 114 2. Extraction Procedure................................................................ .......................................................... 114 3. EasyPipe New Features ............................................................ ...................................................... 124

PART 4 USING IMAGES.............................................................. ........................................................... .. 127 CHAPTER 1 PRINCIPLES ...................................................... ........................................................... ............. 129 CHAPTER 2 IMPORTING , EXPORTING AND DELETING IMAGES ....................................................... ............. 131

1. Importing Images......................................................... ........................................................... ............ 132 2. Exporting Images ......................................................... ........................................................... ............ 132 3. Deleting Images ...................................................... ................................................................ ............ 133

CHAPTER 3 USING THE IMAGE BROWSER ......................................................... .......................................... 135 1. Image Browser ........................................................ ................................................................ ............ 136 2. Image Viewer ............................................................ .............................................................. ............ 137 3. Creating and Deleting 2D Points............. ...................................................................... ..................... 140

CHAPTER 4 EDITING IMAGES ........................................................ ........................................................... ... 143 1. Pivoting Images............................................................................. ...................................................... 144 2. Modifying Image Luminance................................... ................................................................ ............ 145 3. Modifying Image Saturation..................................................................................................... ........... 146


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4. Modifying Image Transparency .................................................................. ........................................ 147 CHAPTER 5 PROJECTING IMAGES ............................................................ .................................................... 149 CHAPTER 6 JOINT USE OF IMAGES AND CAMERAS ..................................................... ................................. 155

1. Creating and Displaying Camera ................................................................... .................................... 156 2. Fitting an Image to the Camera.......................................................... ................................................ 160 3. Linking an Image to a Camera................................ ................................................................ ............ 164 4. Deleting an Image-camera Link................................................. ......................................................... 165 5. Displaying Quality Report ............................................................... ................................................... 165

CHAPTER 7 TEXTURING ECS ........................................................ ........................................................... ... 167 1. Applying Texture to a Bounded EC......................................................... ............................................ 168 2. Removing Texture from a Bounded EC..................... ................................................................ .......... 169

CHAPTER 8 IMAGING TOOLS ......................................................... ........................................................... ... 171 1. Searching for Images ............................................................ ............................................................ .. 172 2. Automatic Image Naming....................... ........................................................... .................................. 172 3. Copying Images............................................................................ ....................................................... 173

CHAPTER 9 CAMERA SEARCH TOOL ....................................................... .................................................... 175 1. Introduction....................................... ................................................................ .................................. 176 2. Camera Search Tool Interface .......................................................... .................................................. 176 3. Choosing Search Criterion............................................................................. ..................................... 176 4. Launching Search and Navigating within the Sorted-out List ............................................................ 177

PART 5 EXPORTING DATA .............................................................. ...................................................... 179 CHAPTER 1 PRINCIPLES OF EXPORTATION ........................................................ .......................................... 181 CHAPTER 2 EXPORTING TO PDMS .......................................................... ................................................... 183

1. Industry Specific Entities.................................................................................... ................................. 184 2. Primitives ........................................................... .......................................................... ....................... 187

CHAPTER 3 EXPORTING TO PDS ................................................... ........................................................... ... 189 1. PDS Piping Model Builder........................................................................................... ....................... 190 2. PDS Exporting Macro.......................................................... ............................................................. .. 190 3. Adaptation To Client Catalogs................................................................ ............................................ 193 4. Non-completion of Lines .................................................. .................................................................. . 194

CHAPTER 4 POINT CLOUD DATA CENTER ..................................................... .......................................... 195 1. Introduction....................................... ................................................................ .................................. 196 2. Installing the Communication Software in PDMS ............................................................... ............... 196 3. Opening Communication Channels.......................................................................................... ........... 196 4. Direct Export towards a PDMS Session ............................................................. ................................ 197 5. Direct Import of Current PDMS Selection...................................... .................................................... 197 6. Exporting Small Point Clouds................................................. ............................................................ 197

PART 6 MESH MODULE........................................................... ............................................................. .. 199 CHAPTER 1 MESH CREATION ........................................................ ........................................................... ... 201

1. Introduction....................................... ................................................................ .................................. 203 2. Presentation of Menu ........................................................... ............................................................. .. 203 3. Creating Meshes ............................................................... ................................................................ .. 204 4. Basic Mesh Operations .............................................................. ......................................................... 208 5. Mesh Modifications.................. ................................................................ ........................................... 209 6. Mesh Display................................................................................ ....................................................... 225 7. Exporting Meshes........................................................ ............................................................ ............ 229

CHAPTER 2 ADDITIONAL MESH I NFORMATION .......................................................... ................................. 231 1. Mesh information .............................................................. ................................................................ .. 232 2. Information on Textures............................... ................................................................ ....................... 235

APPENDICES........................................................ ........................................................... ................................ 239

APPENDIX 1 TROUBLESHOOTING241APPENDIX 2 TABLE OF ECS... 243

1. Types .................................................... ............................................................ ................................... 244 2. Construction Methods ..................................................... ................................................................... . 248

LIST OF COMMANDS.................................................................... ............................................................... . 253 GLOSSARY............................................................ ........................................................... ................................ 267


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INDEX........................................................... ........................................................... .......................................... 275


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PART 1W ELCOME TO 3D IPSOS


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Welcome to 3Dipsos Advanced Features

Obtaining quality as-built data of a plant is the guarantee for an engineering company tosuccessfully implement a new design, revamp or modification at the first try. Producing the as-

built model with real CAD catalogs may be done with the minimum possible time only if3Dipsos users properly manipulate the highly productive tools available in 3Dipsos.

3Dipsos integrates powerful recognition capabilities that easily and intelligently extract theelements of the as-built scene from scanned data. Entire pipelines (including reducers, bends,tees, valves etc.) can be automatically extracted and directly fitted with the parameters of thespecification catalog imported from user's plant design software.

Both PDS and PDMS catalogs are fully supported in 3Dipsos, since version 2.5. During themodeling phase, 3Dipsos expertly suggests all plant design software elements available for thecurrent nominal diameter. So, rules of creation of a catalog component are strictly applied,thereby avoiding errors in the CAD system target.

These smart tools, (SmartLine TM, Engineering Macros, etc.) have also been implemented forsteelworks modeling, enabling complete transfer of intelligent models into plant designsoftware. Other engineering components are also available (Equipment, Stairways, Cable lines,HVAC, etc.) to improve productivity when modeling.

Once created, the export of the model to plant design software is just a "press button" function(except PDS system). Other exports are also still available, such as DGN, DXF, IGES, etc. andwill sometimes take advantage of modeling as "engineering-oriented".

Image module is the ideal companion to understand and check a plant model. When large pointclouds are present, navigating and assimilating the scene geometry can be difficult. But withimages linked to stations, this module will help the user. At the end of the modeling phase,automatic projection of images with alpha-transparency on the model will allow control andchecking of the model compared with as-built data.

Finally, if virtual reality is required, images can be used to texture the model, using geometricentities or meshes.

Mesh module is not helpful in engineering process, but if virtual reality is required, meshmodule will model as-built data quickly, thanks to automatic meshing and a full tool kit to edit,

fill, smooth, and simplify. Combined with image module, user will be able to export OBJ andVRML files fully textured. And if stereolithography is required, user will turn to standard STLexport for instance.

In conclusion, please take the time to study this document so that you can make the best use ofyour time.


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PART 2R ECONSTRUCTION FORENGINEERING

The goal of this section is to describe reconstruction modes and their context of use.

Chapter 1 Principles of Reconstruction 13Chapter 2 Recognition of Industry-Specific Entities 21

Chapter 3 EC Construction Using PDMS Syntax 91


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P A R T 2 R E C O N S T R U C T I O N F O R E N G I N E E R I N G

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C H A P T E R 1 - P R I N C I P L E S O F R E C O N S T R U C T I O N

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1. MethodSegment

Bound

Save

Create ECsRecognition of elementary or industry-specific ECs.

Definition of ECs.

Construction of ECs.

or

or

To assist the user in reconstructing, several complementary mechanisms are provided.

See "Core" Manual - Part 6: Effective creationmechanisms.

2. Segmenting Point Clouds

After consolidation, the user obtains a cloud of points for the whole scene in World1. The first

reconstruction step consists in segmenting the cloud of points. The goal is to cut the cloud of points and create lists of points (LPs) that can be approximated by an available mathematicalentity.

Example: If the user wishes to segment a cloud of points resulting from the entry of a phone, theconstituent elements must be isolated and, in particular, the phone's base, handset, cord,each key on keypad, etc. All the elements of the phone will be considered with the samelevel of importance.

WORLD = GLP1 = phone

LP1= handset GLP2=body + keypad

GLP3= keypad

LP3 = key

LP2= body

LP4 = key etc.

The user's work at this stage is only temporary. The cloud of points may be cut and re-cut

without limit. The user's actions are not final. LP creation is a free interactive phase.


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P A R T 2 - R E C O N S T R U C T I O N F O R E N G I N E E R I N G

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After filling the LI, the user proceeds by successive cuts:

LI is cut for the first time. The new list of points obtained becomes the new LI. Then, through successive iterations, the list is cut until a list of points is obtained that

can be approximated by a mathematical entity.This segmentation can be performed using interactive tools (elastic polygon and rectangle) ornon-interactive tools (filters).

Before segmentation (whole scene)

After segmentation (isolation of piping)


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Segmentation of the different piping elements

3. Saving Data

When LI content is considered satisfactory, the user may save these points permanently bycreating a LP made up of the LI points in the Hierarchy Table.

This LP becomes a child LP of the background group.

A reference No. is automatically associated with each LP created. This is its computer-

generated name (#LPn). The user may change it.

Defining the hierarchical level of the LPs created facilitates scene management. Thesegmentation of the scene into elementary entities is highlighted.

Example: The phone is made up of a handset and base. The base is made up of a keypad and therest of the block. The keypad is made up of a certain number of keys.

See "Core" Manual - Part 2 Chapter 6: Using theHierarchy Table and Part 7 - Chapter 1 1: CustomizingEntities.


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4. Creating ECs

It is reminded that 3Dipsos is a constrained CAD tool. It is not designed for scenereconstruction through the free creation of entities. The user works on a cloud of points. Scenereconstruction is constrained to this cloud, and the reconstructed entities must conform as far as

possible with points.

The different ECs which can be created with 3Dipsos are listed in the table below:

1D EC 2D EC 3D EC

Geometrical point Straight lineSegmentCircleArc of circle

EllipseArc of ellipseComposite curvePlane

SphereCylinderCircular torusRectangular torus

ConeEccentric coneEllipsoid of revolutionBoxPyramidExtrusionMesh (with Mesh module)

Three EC creation methods are available:

Recognition : 3Dipsos determines the entity by approximating as closely as possible thelist of segmented points.Example: The user has segmented a list of points which resembles a sphere and requests

that the application calculate the sphere based on the LP. In this case, we say thatthe sphere has been reconstructed.

Definition : the user creates an entity e.g. nihilo using the 3D cursors or by entering itscoordinates via the keyboard.Example: The user creates the sphere by entry of the coordinates of its center and its radius.

In this case, the sphere has been defined.

Construction : the entity is calculated on the basis of existing ECs, independently of LPs.Examples: The user creates the sphere by passing through 4 EC points. In this case, we say

that the sphere has been constructed.

The user creates a geometrical point at the intersection of a straight line and aplane, the main circle of a circular torus, etc.

In principle, the user will initially employ recognition functions, then construct other ECs usefulfor constrained entity recognition or required for bounding.

The user may create elementary geometrical entities by recognition, definition and construction.The user may also create entities specific to his/her industrial sector by recognition andconstruction (beam, stairs, ventilation duct, etc.). A reference No. is automatically associatedwith each EC created. This is the EC's computer-generated name associated with an LP (#LPn).The user may customize the EC name.

See "Core" Manual - Part 7 - Chapter 1 1: CustomizingEntities.


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After EC creation, the user may define the hierarchical level of LPs (with respect to theassociated ECs) as GLPs (with respect to the associated GERs). A GLP may contain anunlimited number of LPs and GLPs, in the hierarchical sense of the term.

#LP34 to #LP40 are hierarchically saved under the GLP branch 2.

5. Bounding ECs

In general, a geometrical entity is not bounded (with the exception of bounding cylinders and bounding boxes, which are bounded by construction). To finish reconstruction, the user must bound the ECs, which will be called bounded constructed entities. A bounded constructed entity

is obtained by taking an EC as a support, then bounding it with zero, one or more ECs or bounded ECs (sphere, box, pyramid and extrusion are self-bounding).

Example: The bend of a pipe can be modeled by a circular-section torus bounded by two circles.

Unbounded ECs have one rendering mode only: the wireframe mode. Bounded ECs are, bydefault, displayed in surface mode.

Circular torus before bounding


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Circular torus bounded by two cylinders

Cylinder bounded by a plane and a circular torus


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C H A P T E R 2 - R E C O G N I T I O N O F I N D U S T R Y - S P E C I F I C E N T I T I E S

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Chapter 2

Recognition of Industry-Specific Entities

1 Piping 22

2 Steelworks 49

3 Equipment 57

4 Heating, Ventilation and Air-Conditioning 60

5 Cable Trays 62

6 Metal Access, Stairs, Ladder 69

7 Civil Engineering 87

8 Alien 90


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1. Piping

The engineering module contains a whole part dedicated to the piping modeling. Because ofmany constraints in this field, 3Dipsos provides dedicated functions to create entities, attach

piping information and export entities considered as piping components linked to a catalog.Main targets of the export are CAD systems (PDMS and PDS systems).

The main parts of this module are:

Catalog management, Component creation, Information tagging, Export.

1.1. Main Methodology

The aim of this section is to present the functions offered to the user, as well as the methodologyto be adopted, in order to achieve an intelligent modeling for the piping that can be exportedto PDS/PDMS. This document does not therefore deal with equipment modeling or Metalstructures; these topics will have to be approached in a standard way (without CADintelligence). In terms of the pipe modeling itself, the philosophy that we adopt is to devise amodeling Such as CAD so as to control the differences between the CAD model (post export)and the cloud of points, in 3Dipsos.

In this section, we therefore present the methodology that we propose for the pipe modeling inPDS/PDMS format. The problems of entering images, re-referencing to minimize errors,segmenting the scene into topics and topics into primitives are supposed to have been resolved(refer to previous sections). The situation of our 3Dipsos file is thus as follows: all the points ofview necessary to the model are consolidated (failed, merged); the scene cloud is segmentedinto topics, one of which concerns the piping. This topic was segmented into specializedcomponents (tube, elbow, flange, valve, reducer) that are grouped together in lines and

branches. The latter grouping constraint is not vital to the PDS/PDMS modeling operation but itdoes facilitate the project management.

From the basis outlined above, we propose a three phase approach:

A preparation phase for 3Dipsos to adapt its behavior to the final CAD specification(several specifications can be imagined);

Next in line is the actual modeling phase, in which the user defines the specialized type(component type) of each segmented list of points;

Finally the last phase, which concerns the actual export of the lines.

Other Approaches:

Current exporting only involves (unfortunately) intelligent pipe modeling for PDS/PDMS. Interms of the other topics (essentially structures and equipment) the user can model the usual3Dipsos primitives (extruded profiles, geometric primitives), and then export them in DGNformat or structure format. We can therefore display this geometry in CAD system, without itactually containing any intelligence.


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The user can also choose to export a sub-sampling from his/her cloud of points in DGN format.This cloud can then be displayed in PDS and the desired primitives can be rebuilt (structures,equipment, etc.) by basing themselves on the cloud of points and the usual PDS tools(approximate reconstruction). This is possible inasmuch as the structures are generally wellaligned according to the standard axes, all of which assumes that the 3Dipsos scene would be

placed in the PDS factory reference mark. (before exporting points in DGN).

In terms of the points sub-sampling, this is recommended as soon as the cloud increases in size(above 10,000 points). The PDS Micro station display tends to slow down considerably whenthere is a large number of points. It therefore seems preferable to display several small cloudsseparately rather than one big one.

1.2. Specialized Components

In order to achieve standard pipe modeling, it is important to handle the same objects in 3Dipsosas those used in PDS/PDMS. We therefore have to approach the reconstruction of specializedcomponents such as the tubes, elbows, etc., and abandon the geometric primitives approach(cylinders, circular torus segments, etc.). We summarize below the list of components managedin 3Dispos:

Type Comments Mnemonic

Tube This involves the basic component, which corresponds to a marked outcylinder. The mnemonic for this component is TUB (from tube).The pipe is characterized by its nominal diameter.

TUB

Elbow This involves the specialized component that enables changes ofdirection. It is based on a circular torus segment. Its mnemonic isELB (elbow). The elbow is characterized by its nominal diameter andits radius of curvature.

ELB

Bend This component is similar to the last one. It has a radius of curvature("bend radius") that is greater than or equal to 4D, and its nominaldiameter must be less than 100 mm. Its mnemonic is BEN (bend).

BEN

Flange The flange is based on a short cylinder that has a large diameter. Theflange sleeve is not considered in 3Dipsos. The mnemonic is FLA(flange). The flange is characterized by its nominal diameter (that of thetheoretical sleeve).

FLA

Concentricreducer

The concentric reducer is based on a cone marked out by two planes. Itsmnemonic is REDC (concentric reducer). It is characterized by itsnominal input and output diameters.

REDC

Eccentric

reducer

The eccentric reducer is constructed on an eccentric snout at a right

angle, marked out by two planes. Its mnemonic is REDE (eccentricreducer) and it is also characterized by its nominal input and outputdiameters.

REDE

Tee The tee is based on a cylinder (main line) marked out by the cylinderlimits of the derived branch. Its mnemonic is TEE, and it ischaracterized by its main nominal diameter and that of its derived

branch.TEE

Valve The valve corresponds to a GER (frozen or not): it contains several primitives, one of which must correspond to the wheel. Its mnemonic isVALV (valve), and it is characterized by its nominal diameter and asub-type, which defines the valve type.

VALV

Wheel This involves the wheel connected to a valve (belongs to valve GER). It

can be based on a cylinder, a sphere, a circular torus, etc. Themnemonic for this component is WHE (wheel).

WHE


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1.3. Catalog Management

In 3Dipsos 2.4, piping functions were using tables, based on three components (Tube, Elbow,Reducer). Piping specification was not linked to these tables, which didn't manage componentdesignation, so, it was not possible to manage any kind of specification in PDMS (only A1A

and A150) and with difficulty in PDS (mainly 1C0031). 3Dipsos version 2.5 manages the newconcept of catalog , which includes the specification name and all relative tables. Moreover, 6new component tables are managed: Tee, Bend, Flange, Cap, Valve and Other (which mayenable to manage any kind of other components).

The format of 3Dipsos catalog is very close to the PDMS SPEC file format (SPEC filegenerated with the SPECON module) and also close to PCD files of PDS system. Convertingthese specification files into a 3Dipsos catalog is a work of few hours and even less if there areclose to soon converted catalogs (A1A, A150, A300 and 1C0031). Hereby are the main parts ofthe catalog management:

Import,

Selection, Display information, Conversion of PDMS/PDS catalog file into a 3Dipsos catalog.

To import a catalog

1. Select [File] > [Import] > [Catalog & Tables] menu.The Load a table dialog box opens.

Before selecting, the table type field should be on "catalog piping".

2. Select the catalog file.

It should have the SPEC extension. Some existing catalogs are installed with 3Dipsos.There are located in macro/tables/piping.

When the file is selected, the table name is automatically filled with the specification nameand the unit option are updated following the units written in the catalog header.

3. Open All tables are created and selected as "active". A warning may appear if the working unitsdo not match with the catalog unit system. In this case it doesn't mean that the import hasfailed but the catalog is not active until the user has decided in which units he would like towork. If he changes them, then the catalog must be manually selected.

To select a catalog:

1. Select [Engineering] > [Catalogs] > [Select...] menu.The Change Catalog Preference dialog box opens.

This little interface enables to select the active catalog to work with the piping module. Byselecting a catalog name, it activates linked tables which were created with the catalog.

If "None" is selected, no catalog will be active. No piping macros will be allowed to work.Smart Line will make lines without piping information.

2. Select a catalog.

3. Validate.


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Example of importing a PDS spec:

Here is how the table was presented originally:

! DEFINE PIPING COMMODITIES! Piping Materials Class= 1C0031! Material=CL150 RFFE, CS, Trim 8 CA=0.063 P/T Tbl=L1001Service=Process! Applicable Details= V2A, V2B, H2A, H2B, F2A, F2B, P2A, P2B, T4A, T4B, T4C, L2A, L2B, L2C &L2D! Rev=5 By=lcl Ckd By= Date=! Revision 5: Replaced "Order=" numbers with "Sequence=" numbers

PIPING_MATERIALS_CLASS= 1C0031Single_SpacingSequence= 3 4 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 5 19 22 21 25 23 24

26 *20 *27 *28

! AABBCC ------------Green CP-------- ------------Red CP----------- Cmdty Model GeoMat Wt! Code Opt From To Prp Rating Sc/Th TS From To Prp Rating Sc/Th TS Code TMx Code

Std Mod Grd Cd FC NtePIPING 1 0.75 1.5 391 - S-XS 5 - - - - - - PADAAAWAAE - PIPE 100 100 162 527 -/6Q2C23 1 1 1.5 391 - MATCH 5 0.75 1 391 - MATCH 5 WSABAAWAAA - SWGC 297 - 26452 7 -6Q2C23 1 2 2 301 - MATCH 5 0.75 1.5 391 - MATCH 5 WSACGAWAAA - SWGC 297 - 26452 15 -6Q2C23 1 3 4 301 - MATCH 5 0.75 1.5 391 - MATCH 5 WSACGAWAAA - SWGC 297 - 26452 15 -6Q2C23 1 3 4 301 - MATCH 5 2 2 301 - MATCH 5 WRAAAAWAAA - REDC 39 - 26452 15 -6Q2C23 1 4 36 301 - MATCH 5 3 34 301 - MATCH 5 WRAAAAWAAA - REDC 39 - 26452 15 -

First of all, delete the first 9 header lines [keep the two lines commented on the designatecolumns]. Then run Excel and import the file modified in this way: from Excel, select Openfrom the File menu. In the Open dialog box, select the Text (*.txt) entry in the Type field. Usethe formatting aid to import the columns in an appropriate manner. The following table appears.

Code Opt From To From To Code ModPIPING 1 0.75 1.5 - - PIPE 100

6Q2C23 1 1 1.5 0.75 1 SWGC -6Q2C23 1 2 2 0.75 1.5 SWGC -6Q2C23 1 3 4 0.75 1.5 SWGC -

6Q2C23 1 3 4 2 2 REDC -6Q2C23 1 4 36 3 34 REDC -

Delete the first and last lines (END) as well as columns 3,4,6 and 7. Insert also a first elementdesignation column. Change the naming system of the table and complete the designation of theelements (at least a character).

The file is now ready. It only remains to save it in the Text (separator: table) (*.txt) format.


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$S-$( PDS SOURCE $)$( BORE UNITS IN $)$( DISTANCE UNITS MM $)

!DEFINE PIPING COMMODITIES!Piping Materials Class= TRIMBLE! TRIMBLE added only BEND components with ND between 0,75 and 1,5

!Material=CL150!Rev=1PIPING_MATERIALS_CLASS= TRIMBLESingle_Spacing

STYPE = Model Code

HEADINGAABBCC Code Opt TYPE DIAMEXT DN MIN LENGTH STYPE

DEFAULTS- - - - -

PIPING 1 TUBE 1,05 0,75 50,55 PIPE

PIPING 1 TUBE 1,32 1 50,55 PIPE

HEADINGAABBCC Code Opt TYPE DN1 DN2 Length STYPEDEFAULTS

- - - - - -6Q2C23 1 REDU 1 0,75 - SWGC6Q2C23 1 REDU 1,5 0,75 - SWGC6Q2C23 1 REDU 1,5 1 - SWGC

6Q2C23 1 REDU 2 0,75 - SWGC6Q2C23 1 REDU 2 1 - SWGC6Q2C23 1 REDU 2 1,5 - SWGC

6Q2C23 1 REDU 3 0,75 - SWGC6Q2C23 1 REDU 3 1 - SWGC6Q2C23 1 REDU 3 1,5 - SWGC6Q2C23 1 REDU 4 0,75 - SWGC6Q2C23 1 REDU 4 1 - SWGC6Q2C23 1 REDU 4 1,5 - SWGC

6Q2C23 1 REDU 3 2 - REDC6Q2C23 1 REDU 4 3 - REDC6Q2C23 1 REDU 4 2 - REDC/

In the interest of consistency, create a directory in the /Macro/Tables/Piping/NewSpec/hierarchy to store the created file. It only remains to import it into 3Dipos.


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1.4. Modeling Principles

The modeling methods enable a line to be modeled by imposing the PDS constraints (forexample a 92 elbow is forced to 90, etc.). We have tried to list the constraints taken into

account for this macro below:Tube:

To initiate the reconstruction of the line, the user can leave an entity that has already beenconstructed: it therefore gives either the entity in question or its list of points. If necessary(no initial entity), all the tubes are calculated and restricted to their nearest nominaldiameter; subsequently, the most accurate tube is used as a starting point (reference) forthe calculations. Using this reference point, the reconstruction of the line is then

propagated in both directions. Two tubes separated by a flange, a concentric reducer, a plane, are built on the same axis.

If there is no intermediary element between the two tubes, such as a flange or plane, a

basic cylinder is calculated on the fusion of two (or more) lists of points, etc. Two tubes separated by an eccentric reducer are aligned on one side. The tube following a Tee is orthogonally constrained to the Tee cylinder. Its diameter

must be less than or equal to that of the main cylinder.

Elbow:

An elbow must be built between two tubes. An elbow preceded or followed by a flange (at least) is constrained to 45 or 90 (no

division possible). An elbow, the natural angle of which is found in the range +/-4 around the 45 and 90

references, is forced to the respective angle of reference. An elbow, the angle of which does not fall within the above range, has its angle rounded

up to the nearest whole degree (e.g. an elbow of 57.65 is rounded up to 58). An elbow with a short radius (2D) cannot be divided up: its angle is therefore restricted to

45 or 90. The radius of an elbow can be forced by detailing the curvature value in the marking: e.g.

an ELB4D elbow can be created. No validity check is thus carried out in relation to thelist of points.

Although they can be forced from the mnemonic, the defined and active sizing table forthe elbows essentially restricts the radii of curvature.

Bend:

As with the elbow, the bend must be built between two tubes. A bend is only authorized for the nominal diameters that are less than 100. If necessary,

the centering is converted into an elbow. A centering has a variable angle of between 0 and 180. The bend radius is rounded up to a whole multiple value of the DN ([4 to n]D). The user cannot restrict the radius of curvature for a centering.

Reducer:

The reducers must be built between two tubes. The concentric or eccentric reducers are sized from their common table (this assumes that

they are exactly the same size).


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1.5. Functions

In the piping engineering, inch unit is often used. Radius or diameter could be typed in inch uniteven if working in mm unit (or other) by following the digits with "in" symbol. Example:

"2.5in". The piping functions are the following: Query of nominal sizes, Fitting a tube, Fitting a tube given its axis, Fitting an elbow constrained between two cylinders, Fitting an elbow constrained between two cylinders and a given main radius,* Fitting an elbow and centered reducer set, Fitting a centered reducer, Fitting a flange, Valve component definition , Writing the neutral axis of a branch , Branch building and prototyping generic macro, for PDS &PDMS export, Piping user defined attributes, Exporting a branch.

Caution: It is strongly recommended to load and select piping tables before buildingcomponents of pipework.

To build a branch and prototype generic macro

This macro intends either to model a branch from its pre-segmented point lists, or (and) toprepare a modeled pipeline to be exported to PDS or PDMS software. A catalog must beselected before. Working units must also match with the catalog ones. The choice of this catalogis very important as it will influence the kind of authorized export. Always inquire after final

project in order to get the catalog(s) and the units.

1. Select [Piping] from the [Engineering] menu. A sub-menu drops down.

2. Select [Branch Associated With Catalog] from the drop-down sub-menu.The Branch Building dialog box opens.

General User Interface Description: This new user-friendly interface enables to pick acomponent in order to select its type and sub-types through option fields. Options arealways updated following the selected catalog. Then this component is "stored" in the listfield, showing its attributes. All entities or list of points are picked one by one. It is always

possible to come back on an element by selecting it in the list. A feedback enables toclearly identify the current element by displaying it in green in the scene and selecting it in

blue in the Hierarchy window. Then its attributes may be modified or deleted. A newelement is always inserted after the current selection.Entity Field: This field accepts list of points or bounded entities. In case of a modeling useof the macro, these references should correspond to an ordered list of point lists (LPs)defining the branch to be modeled. One EC may be given in other to continue a former

branch. In case of a prototyping use of the macro (the components of the branch have

already been modeled outside this macro), the references provided should correspond to bounded entities to which we just want to associate types. In this case no LP shall be passed as argument.


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Type Field: When an entity is selected, this field is automatically filled with a parameterguessed by the program. If it is wrong, especially for short lists of points, the user shouldselect it manually. One can choose amongst:* "TUBE": Tube element* "ELBOW": Elbow element (constrains the torus bend radius and its angle)

* "REDUCER": Concentric or eccentric reducer, depending of its stype* "TEE": Tee tubing element (must be followed by its orthogonal tube; may be a reducing branch tee)* "BEND": Bend element (no constraint; real angle will be exported; trimmed elbows ofPDS catalog are in this category)* "FLANGE": Flange element (a flange and its counter-flange together or a "simple" flangeif at the beginning or the end of the branch)* "CAP": Cap or end element (define elements that are always at beginning or end of branches)* "VALVE": Valve element (creation of this element should be done after the branch)

* "OTHER": Other elements, whose catalog description consists on only nominal diameter(depends of the catalog)* If the component type does not exist in the catalog, an error message will appear; then theuser must select another type.Code Field [Stype or Model Code, Depending on PDMS or PDS Catalog]: When anentity and its type are selected, this field is automatically updated with the sub-types foundin the catalog, according to the current nominal diameter. For a bounded entity, finding itsnominal diameter is simple, but for a list of points, it depends of the fitting. In order tocorrect an error in this parameter, the nominal diameter constraint may be filled. Or theinsulation thickness. If the wanted code is not listed, select "Default" option and create the

branch. Then come back again on this component with the macro in order to select again its code (note that the name of this macro may changefollowing the catalog source, PDS or PDMS). If the user is not able to guess its code, it isalways better to let the "Default" option. In the same way, if the user wants to change the

branch catalog in the future, then he will have to modify all old component codes becausethey are strongly catalog dependant.Insulation Field: The insulation thickness parameter enables user to fit the branchaccording to its external insulated diameter, correcting this diameter to the appropriatenominal pipe size at exportation time. This insulation parameter is applied to all entities ofthe branch. The insulation thickness is set to "0" by default (no insulation). If omitted, thesize will be expressed in the current piping unit.Nominal Diameter Field: If the nominal pipe size is known, user may constrain it to the branch by marking on the enforcement option case, and set the nominal pipe size value tothe appropriate one. Then, if the branch seed is larger than the expected diameter, a valuefor the insulation thickness is worked out (a multiple of 5 millimeters for convenience). If

both the nominal pipe size and the insulation thickness are set, then the external insulateddiameter of the whole line is completely known and then applied to the branch. If omitted,the size will be expressed in the current piping unit.

3 Validate.

Finally, at the end of the modeling or prototyping process, the given entity list is reorderedwithin the parent GER of the first item, after this item. Then the parent GER is also marked witha piping.info UDA, holding the catalog name (the selected one) and the insulation thickness if

provided.


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Remarks on Nominal Diameter Fitting: Another way to constrain the nominal diameteris possible. When modeling, one of the point lists (and only one) may already be linked toa fitted tube (the point list reference can also be replaced by the tube's referenceitself) in order to enforce the branch fitting to start on this element. If no seedelement is provided (all tube LPs are unlinked) then, the seed tube of the branch ischosen to be the best fit amongst tubes. Then, once the seed has been defined, thebranch is modeled by propagating construction constraints on both sides of this seed.These constraints are then varying according to the modeling type selected.

Remarks on Cloud Segmentation: Concerning the modeling of Tee's, the user can eithersupply the over-segmented point lists (where the TEE typed list corresponds only to theTee body, preceeded and followed by tubes bits) or the whole tube point list. In anycase, the Tee tube will results in three bits: the preceeding tube part, the tee body(without the orthogonal tube) and the following tube part. The following exampleillustrates this: first line display the simply segmented Tee with its result on the right(3 bits for the Tee tube) and the over segmented Tee on the second line, having thesame result on the right. Concerning the ordering of these objects in the hierarchy, ifthe branch tube point list (in green) belongs to the same parent GLPof the Tee, then it isplaced just after the Tee body in the hierarchy. One will have then to move it to anotherGLP in order to model the branch appropriately. Now, if the branch tube belongs toanother GLP, then it is left unmoved. Another remark is that this orthogonal tube is notbounded: it shall then be used as the seed tube for the modeling of the branch (thisensures a correct connectivity between the main line and its branch). In order to get thebest result in fitting, it is recommended to segment the derived list of points as long aspossible.


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Simply segmented teeTee [cyan] + Tub [Green]

Results inTub [Cyan] + Tee [Blue] + Tub [green and

cyan]

Other segmented teeTube [cyan] + Tee [Blue] + Tub [Green and

Cyan]

Results inTub [cyan] + Tee [blue] + Tub [green and

cyan]

To fit a tube

It creates a cylinder and two bounded planes, with piping catalog information. Three lists of points should be given. The cylinder will not be constrained. The extremities will be modeled.

1. Select [Piping] from the [Engineering] menu. A sub-menu drops.

2. Select [Tube 3 Point Lists] from the drop-down sub-menu.The Tube fitting dialog box opens.

3. Select the main point list.

4. Select the start point list.

5. Select the second point.

6. Validate

Cylinder with 3 LPs

Body LPBase LPTop LP

(Note: Normalized Cylinder macro out of date since the use of normalized value tables)


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To fit a tube with a given axis

It creates a cylinder and two bounded planes, with piping catalog information. Three lists of points must be given. The cylinder will be constrained to the line entity (may be a cylinder too).The extremities will be modeled.


2. Select [Given Axis Tube 3 Point Lists] from the drop-down sub-menu.The Tube fitting dialog box opens.

3. Select the main point list.

4. Select the start point list.

5. Select the second point.

6. Select the axis line.

7. Validate

Cylinder from 3LPs and 1 DR

Body LPBase LPTop LPAxis straight line

To fit an elbow constrained between two cylinders

It creates a new bounded entity which is an elbow (or bend) fitted on a list of points andconstrained between two cylinders.


2. Select [Elbow] from the drop-down sub-menu.The Elbow/Bend fitting dialog box opens.

3. Select the point list.

4. Select the first tube.

5. Select the second tube.

6. Enter a name.

7. Validate


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To fit an elbow and reducer constrained between two cylinders

This function is dedicated for constructing an elbow and a (concentric) reducer just after or just before, without any tube between.

1. Select [Piping] from the [Engineering] menu. A sub-menu drops down.2. Select [Elbow and Reducer] from the drop-down sub-menu.

The Elbow/Bend + Reduction Set Fitting dialog box opens.

3. Give the first modeled tuber (the temporary end of the working piping line),

4. Give then the two LPs.

5. Give the second tub (a LP or a fitted EC in order to constraint the output radius of thereducer and its axis).

An option box has to be selected in order to normalize bend radius and angle of the elbowand the output radius of the reducer (the table has to be loaded before). For instance, itdetermines if the elbow is 2D, 3D, etc. Insulating is managed when calculating nominaldiameter if the first tube has been defined in a insulated pipe branch. It creates three new

bounded entities and set the piping.info UDA for an engineering export (PDS or PDMS).

5. Validate.

Bend and Reducer (construction of a bend followed by a reducer and a finaltube)

First tube (must be an EC)LP of bend / elbowLP of reducerSecond tube (LP or EC)

Check Normalized Angle and Bendradius if it is a PDS/PDMS export

To fit a flange

This macro is dedicated for creating flange after the use of Smart Line tool. It creates a flangecomponent, just after the selected tube. Its nominal diameter is based on this support tube.When the tube is selected, the stype option displays the list of available stype to apply to theflange. A catalog must be selected before.


2. Select then [Flange] from the drop-down sub-menu.The Fitting a flange component dialog box opens.

3. Select a list of points.

4. Select a support tube

5. Select a stype

9. Validate


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Flange (from a LP on a tube)

Flange's List of pointsSupport TubeThe flange is built and moved after the tubein the TH.

Caution: The tube must be constructed following Engineering methods.

To fit a centered reducer

It creates a new entity which is a centered reducer, fitted on a list of points and constrained between two cylinders.


2. Select [Concentric Reducer] from the drop-down sub-menu.The Concentric reducer fitting dialog box opens.

3. Select a list of points.

4. Select the first tube

5. Select the second tube.

6. Enter a name.

10. Validate

Centered reducer (recognized using anLP constrained between two cylinders)

List of pointsFirst cylinderSecond cylinder

Note: Both cylinders must have the same axis.

To create a valve from GER

This function creates the definition of a valve, applied on a GER, in order to export it next toPDS or PDMS piping format.

1. Select the menu [Engineering] > [Piping] > [Valve Component Definition] item.The GER definition dialog box opens.


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The wheel support can be a cylinder, a circular torus, a sphere, an ellipsoid, a box or arectangular torus. Its center will be computed (in the case of a cylinder, the closest boundto the axis will be taken into account).

The GER can contain any kind of bounded entities. It can be a model instance too. The support Tube is the cylinder which is placed before the valve in the branch hierarchy. The valve sub-type (field 4) has to be selected (and known) by the user. It depends of thecurrent piping catalog. The search of the valve depends of the nominal diameter of thesupport tube. Sub-type is STYPE for PDMS or Model Code for PDS.

The valve is a GER with any kind of modeled entities inside. First, a simple sphere can

symbolize a valve, and be transformed as a model. Then, this model can be replaced by amore representative one at the end of the modeling work. But one of this entity must definethe center of the wheel. If any, a sphere or a box must be placed at the center of the checkvalve. See piping.info UDA in order to write or change data manually (uneasy and notrecommended).

If the user wants to use models, he has to define the GER as a valve before the creation of anew model. In this way the wheel will be define for any other instances, but he has toredefine each new instances as a valve in other to complete support tube and sub-typeinformation.

2. Define parameters as described upper.

3. Validate.


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Valve Component (definition of a GERsoon constructed)

modeled GERER inside the GER, symbolizing the wheel(ER = CTOR, SPH, BOX, CY...)Support Tube (TUB cylinder)Valve type (GATE, BALL, ...)option flanged valve if flanges aremodeled in the GER

Note: the definition of a GER in a valveis useful only for export in PDS/PDMS

format..

modeling depending of the valve

To quickly define a valve and complete it later:

Simply model the valve using a CTOR (or other), and move it to a GER. Then transform itall into a model. Following this, place your models wherever there is the same valve typeand define each model as a valve.

Your valves can therefore be modeled in more detail at a later date by performing anautomatic model replacement!

To write the neutral line

Construct the neutral line of a branch (Export ASCII data in a file or in the report window). Neutral axis is also constructed when exporting the branch in PDMS or PDS format. The resultis a list of pink segments


2. Select [Neutral Line] from the drop-down sub-menu.The Neutral line building dialog box opens.

3. Select components.

4. Select the Output In File option.

5. Enter a name.

6. Validate.

Neutral Line (from bounded EC composing the pipeline)

Extract measures from piping sketch points of the line.

EC list

Note: it is better to model the neutral line with the menu [Export PDMS]

TIP


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To query nominal diameter


2. Select [Nominal Diameter] from the sub-menu.The Query the nominal diameter dialog box opens.

3. Select an entity.

5. Validate.

Nominal Diameter ...

Query the values of piping components such as tubes, elbows and bends.

select a component Tube, Elbow or Bend and a dialog box opens up informing :nominal diameterinsulation

bend radius bend angleelbow type (2D, 3D, 4D, etc..., or non normalized)

To create a line based on segmented GLP


2. Select [Line From A Sketch] from the sub-menu.The Pipeline from a sketch dialog box opens.

Line based on a segmented GLP

LP: give the list of all LPs (separated bycommas)Types: give LP type, entered in the sameorder as the LPs (separated by commas)

Normalized radius: should be selected sothat reconstruction will be based onnormalized cylinder radiusPL: planeCY: cylinderCTOR (or TC): circular-section torus

CN: coneSNOU: eccentric cone

Caution:For bounding, always startand finish with planes .

PLCY

TC

CY

TC

CY PL

LP1 LP2LP3

LP4

LP5

LP6 LP7


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To create a component segmented line


2. Select [Component Segmented Line] from the sub-menu.The Pipeline building dialog box opens.

Line segmented by components

LP: give the list of all LPs (separated by commas) or thewhole segmented GLP.Types: give LP type, entered in the same order as the LPs(separated by commas). An automatic type will try to helpyou.

PL: plane; option to delimit componentsTUB: cylinderELB: elbow (c. torus); ELB2D, ELB3D are available too.BEN: bend (c. torus)REDC: centered reducer (cone)REDE: eccentric reducer (snout)FLA: flange

Modeling preference: select tables that fitting will useto find normalized values of tubes, elbows andreducers.

Insulation: enables to specify a positive value for thethickness of the tube, in order to find the good ND.

Nominal Diameter (ND): to force the value to use.

Caution:For bounding, starting and finishing with planes isnowuseless .

segmentation is identical as upper

Example:

Here is a pre-segmented line: the list of points was colored in red and green alternately so as tohighlight the segmentation. We have a series of tubes and elbows, as well as flanges at the endof the line. There is also a branch-T that appears on one of the tubes.


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We are therefore going to select the pre-segmented component line entry in the [Engineering]> [Piping] menu. In doing this, we get the pipe line building form. When we make a 3Dselection of a list of points (picking), one type is automatically associated to this list of points; itis possible however that this automatic marking is incorrect, in which case the user must changethis type manually.

In terms of marking components, the user has the choice between TUB for the tube and TEEwhen this tube is followed by a derived branch; ELB for the elbow (the ratio of curvature of theelbow can be forced with a ELBD type code where is an integer greater than or equal to2 as for example ELB4D); BEN for a bend (if the nominal line diameter is greater than 100, theBEN bend will be automatically converted into an ELB elbow); FLA for a flange; PL to outlinea demarcation plan for a flange or a line start/end; REDC for a concentric reducer; REDE for aneccentric reducer.

Once the lists of points have been marked, the modeling preferences must be defined. In thePDS case, All the tube tables must be chosen (consideration taken of all tables beingmodeled). The insulation thickness must also be filled out when this is known in advance(which enables the line to be modeled with the correct nominal diameter). This insulation valueis set at zero by default. In the absence of knowing the insulation value, we can force thenominal diameter value (if this is known) in order to determine the insulation value according tothe cloud of points, etc.

Here is what our form should look like after the information is provided.

Carrying out this form therefore provides the following results (the primitives were recolored soas to distinguish between them). We get a large succession of tubes and elbows (standardizedaccording to PDS constraints). In terms of the branch line (branch-T) we can see that the maintube (defined as one block originally) was divided up into three segments: the first and lastsegments, on either side of the tee, are simple tubes whereas the middle section (in yellow inour example) corresponds to the entity which defines the connection component. This cylindersegment is leveled at the derived branch (the small red cylinder not marked out).


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These entities are positioned in an ordered way in a group of reconstructed entities (GER), inview of their being subsequently exported. It is therefore important not to change this order, or,if it is changed, to be aware of the consequences.

Once this macro has been carried out, we also get the following session report, which revealsthe constructed components as well as the relevant information on them. This information isstored in a user attribute (UDA for User Defined Attribute) and is detailed hereafter.


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To define simple Ecs (marking)

Just as the valves are reconstructed by hand (their geometry at least) and then marked owingto PDS/PDMS exporting, it is highly likely that the component line reconstruction macro willnot operate systematically on all the segmented lists. The user can therefore be lead to modelingthe ECs outside this macro. This modeling outside the macros, does not enable the specializedcomponent primitives to be defined.

To resolve this, our macro can also be used to provide only specialized component information:

The user selects his/her entities that make up the line, in the order in which the line will be browsed during export.

For each selected entity, there is an automatic type associated with it (that the user willcorrect if need be).

When all the desired entities are selected, the validation of the form enables necessaryinformation to be added to the primitives. This information is also displayed in thesession report window and the entities are ordered behind the first selected entity.

In the event of an entity already having the piping.info attribute, this attribute is then notmodified by the current operation. This means that, to erase an existing attribute, it must first bedeleted and then recreated, etc. Moreover, the macro used in this marking mode, does not checkif the elbows really have a valid angle (the angle is displayed in the piping.info attribute); inthis way, the marked component geometry is not guaranteed to be suitable for the PDScomponents (no problem for PDMS).

See next chapter: Piping User Defined Attributes


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To create a flanged elbow

Flanged Elbow (recognized from 7LPs and constrained between 2

reconstructed cylinders) Note: in v2.4, this function is part of thefunction [Component Segmented Line]

LPs:Left cylinderLeft flange external LPLeft flange body LPLeft flange internal LPBend body LPRight flange internal LPRight flange body LPRight flange external LPRight cylinder

Component types :TUB,PL,FLA,PL, ELB , PL,FLA,PL,TUB

Note: Plans can be omitted if flanges LPs are well defined.

Tip 1: Bend radius can be changed bytyping ELB3D, or ELB4D, etc...Tip 2: A Bend component can be made bytyping BEN rather than ELB

Left flangeexternal LP

Left flangebody LP

Left flangeinternal LP


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1.6. Piping User Defined Attributes

A user attribute can be automatically added to each market out geometric entity which stores thecomponent type that the entity represents. This piping info type attribute follows an uniform

syntax for all the components. This involves a character chain for which the space serves as aseparator between the different fields. A field that is not filled out must be replaced by a hyphen- in the event of following filed having to be filled out (so as to respect field syntax).

piping.info UDA: This UDA has been designed to handle the piping type associated to theentity holding it. This type is then used by the export function (in case of a PDS export for thetime being). This UDA is automatically set by the CrePipingCpts macro or the Smart Line tool.Below is described the basic syntax of this UDA, in case that it has to be modified manually.

To read the UDA:

1. Access to the Entity Properties using the menu [Tools] > [Properties] or the toolbar"Properties" button

2. Select the entity for which you want to read the UDA.

3. Once the entity is selected in the Entity Properties window, select the "User" frame of thatwindow to have access to all User Defined Attributes of this entity.

If a piping.info UDA has been associated to the entity, then it shall be displayed. If not, no piping type has been associated to the selected entity.

To define or modify the UDA:

1. Select in the menu [Tools] > [User-Defined-Attributes] > [Modify Instance] entry.

2. Select the entity into the Entity field.

3. Select the piping.info.

4. Alter its value in the last Value field.

5. Apply the form so as to validate the new value. In the properties window, the piping info are presented in a comprehensiveness way but inthe User Defined Attributes manager, it is different, as the piping.info UDA syntax resultsfrom the concatenation of the following key codes, separated by one (and only one) spacecharacter.

Piping Type Sub-Type NominalPipe Size 1

NominalPipe Size 2

Angle Extra parameter

PT ST NPS1 NPS2 ANG EXT

BRA(branch=GER)

spec_name X(insulation thick.)

TUB(tube=CY)

a

TEE STYPE a - | b


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(tee=CY)

FLA(flange=CY)

STYPE a

RED(conc. red.=CN)

STYPE a b

RED(ecc. red.=SNOU)

STYPE a b

ELB(elbow=CTOR

STYPE a c MD(true bend rad)

BEN(bend=CTOR)

STYPE a c MD(true bend rad)

VALV(valve=GER)

STYPE a - | c 0FL | 1FL(flanged valv ?)

WHE(wheel=ER*)

STYPE (notused)

Syntax: "PT.ST.NPS1.NPS2.ANG.EXT" where the dot stands for the space character. Undefined values are replaced by the minus character "-" and final undefined values can be omitted

like in the following examples : "BRA 1C0031_MX " is equivalent to "BRA 1C0031_MX - - - - " or "BRA 1C0031_MX - - " "TUB - 200 " is equivalent to "TUB - " or "TUB" (the third value is really useful for only the first

tube or when a reducing is present before or after).

About Units: Nominal sizes are expressed in the catalog unit used when modeling the entity. Inorder to not make confusion, try to work for a whole project in one unit system only.

About Valve and Wheel: The valve is a GER with any kind of modeled entities inside. First, asimple sphere can symbolize a valve, and be transformed as a model. Then, this model can bereplaced by a more representative one at the end of the modeling work. But one of this entitymust define the center of the wheel. If any, a sphere or a box must be placed at the center of thecheck valve. The wheel support can be a cylinder, a circular torus, a sphere, an ellipsoid, a boxor a rectangular torus.

Piping.connect UDA: This UDA stores the reference entity which are connected to. This is anessential information for TEE and VALV definition: it stores the first tube of the derived branch

of a Tee and the support tube of valve.

Catalog.spec UDA: This UDA stores the catalog name of a Branch. Thus it is not possible todefine more than one catalog for each branch. Each branch elements will be defined followingthis catalog. This information is necessary to export in PDMS or PDS.


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1.7. Connection cases

The connection references are stored in a supplementary UDA: piping.connect .

This UDA is a reference type, which enables it to update the EC references if they aremodified (usually, in the event of two files fusing together).

In practice, the piping.connect UDA of a tee must therefore be filled out with the reference ofthe first derived tube (example: #CY10) and vice-versa, the tee reference must be filled out inthe UDA of the first tube derivation.

This procedure is carried out automatically when the tee is modeled on the usual macro [Line pre-segmented as components].

There is also a connection between the valve and its flywheel. It is better to use the valvedefinition form, explained above.


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2. Steelworks

2.1. Methods

To extract steelworks

1. Select the menu [Engineering] > [Steelworks] > [Beam Extraction] item.The Building a beam by shape extrusion dialog box opens.

2. Create an extrusion #EXTR having the specified profile. Steelworks tables must be imported and selected before (use for instance the log file"loadDIN.log" in order to import all tables at the same time).

This function tries to fit the best possible extrusion on working cloud LI, with the help of beam tables. After the fitting, the user may modify the position and orientation to correctfitting errors and / or modify the type and the designation of the beam. The advantage ofthis interface is that the user has not to create 4 construction planes for the extrusion

building and the fitting is strictly constrained to selected tables.

3. Pick on LI the two extremities of the beam in order to align it following its FACE. These extremities will be used for bounding the beam too. It is possible also to constrainthe picking on planes in order to bound the beam with these planes. Next fitting willoperate following the current alignment. So it is possible after this stage to modify thealignment manually with the mouse or automatically by centering a constrained plane(ground, walls, etc.).

4. Click on the arrow button. Thus, the fitting will proceed and a beam model is suggested to the user, as well as its position and its orientation on the screen plane. The beam position and orientation maynow changed by the user. Pay attention that in this interactive mode, the only authorizedmovements are translation and rotation in this screen plane. Correction of the 3Dalignment is not possible. With this constraint, manual changes with the mouse are easierand safer.

After validating changes with the pop-up menu, beam type and designation fields are filledwith the current fitted model. An abort will not accept this model, the mode will exit andthen the user may correct the screen orientation in order to retry.

4. Select a beam type. "Automatic" option allows the program to fit an extrusion on LI. If another option isselected, the program will follow it. " Place Beam Model " mode must be played again afterany changes of this field or the designation field.

The available beam types are: HEA, HEB, HEM, IPE, IPN, UPN, UAP, UPF, LEA, TEA.Some profiles are for AFNOR catalog only: UAP, UPF and HEM do not exist in DIN; Soif you select them, an error message will appear. If not-listed tables are wanted, forinstance LEB L-beams, this table must be imported first, selected as active L-Table next,and then choose "L Active Table" option to get the designations of this new table.

5. Select Auto. "auto" is the only option for "Automatic" type. Then if the beam type is changed, thisoption lists all the new available designations (found in the table with this type name).Designation names depend of the table, so they are no rules, but most of the timedesignation indicates the height value of the beam.


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Note: It is not possible to work with an empty LI. It is possible to modify the bounds byusing the [Modify Bounds...] function. The user has just to specify two other planes.These entities can be exported to PDMS via the [Export Steelworks] menu. Renaming ispossible as engineering information are stored in domain type UDA.

To construct steelworks with extrusion method

1. Select the menu [Engineering] > [Steelworks] > [Beam Construction] item.The Building a beam by shape extrusion dialog box opens.

2. Create an extrusion #EXTR having the specified profile. The left plane [1,h] must correspond to the height of profile when orientated as following(standard definition):

The base plane [2,b], in the same way, is the base plane on which lays the profile. The geometric points (arg 4 and 5) could be constructed on the planes giving the directions,

and bounding the length of the steelworks. The points will be systematically projected onthe intersection line of the height and the base of each element. The available profiles are : L, HEA, HEB, HEM, IPE, IPN, UPN, UAP, UPF, PRSH,PRSL, PRSU (the last PRSx profiles are for AFNOR catalog only. In the same way, UAPand HEM do not exist in DIN; so if the program proposes you this kind of types and youwill not have this catalog in PDMS, do not accept it !).

Note: It is possible to enter planes rather than geometric points (bounding entities). Itis also possible to associate an empty LP to the profile: the extrusion will be placednearly on the center of the screen.

It is possible to modify the bounds by using the [Modify Bounds...] function. The userhas just to specify two other planes.

These entities can be exported into PDMS via the [Export Steelworks] menu. Renaming is possible as engineering information are stored in domain.type UDA.


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Extrusion sections

Section LPLeft plane ECBase plane EC2 ECs bounding the beam length (point or

plane)Type of section (HEA, HEB, HEM, IPE,IPN, UPN, UAP, UPF, L, PRSH, PRSL,PRSU)h: Section heightEnter the other parameters

b: Base widtha: Core thicknesse: Wing thickness

Caution:PRSH, PRSL, PRSU are notcatalogued types but user-defined values.

To export steelworks objects

Macro is used for exporting 3Dipsos steelworks to PDMS format.

1. Select the menu [Engineering] > [Steelworks] > [Export PDMS] or [Global Export PDMS]item.The Single steelworks export or Export all steelworks dialog box opens.

The available types of profiles are: Steelworks in H (HEA,HEB,HEM and PRSH),Steelworks in I (IPE,IPN), Steelworks in U (UPN, UAP, UPF and PRSU) and Steelworksin L (L - LEA - and PRSL).

Catalogs: "AFNOR-SPEC" for an output in SPREF /AFNOR-SPEC/, "DIN-SPEC" for anoutput in SPREF /DIN-SPEC/ "GENERAL (BOX)" for an output in BOX (3 Boxes)

Justification: This button dedicated for experts allows to export a H profile as a column. Itmeans that its justification in PDMS becomes NA rather than TOS.

2. Select a beam entity or a group of beam to be exported.

3. Enter a file name.

4. Select a location in your hard disk where to store the save file.

Note: Model instances of a profile which was made by the steelworks macro can beexported in PDMS format without any modification.


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2.2. Compiling a Table

As we mentioned above, the operation occurs outside 3Dispsos and can be implemented using atext editor or a spreadsheet.

2.2.1. Parameters

We previously looked at the following 6 catalog entities: I-, H-, U-, T-, and L-beams, andsquare sections. For each type of entity, we anticipate a precise number of parameters, and datain an order set according to the following specifications:

I-H-U-T-Beams, 5 columns: pick (type and format), height of beam profile (parameter1) and length of beam profile (parameter 2), thickness of core (parameter 3), thicknessof flange - or buckling, depending on terminology - (parameter 4).

L-Beam, 4 columns: pick (format), profile width (parameter 1), profile height(parameter 2), profile thickness (parameter 3).

Square Section, 2 columns: pick (format), dimension of profile side (parameter 1).

I-beam Pick Core height Flange width Core thickness Flange thickness

H-beam Pick Core height Flange width Core thickness Flange thickness

U-beam Pick Core height Flange width Core thickness Flange thickness

T-beam Pick Core height Flange width Core thickness Flange thickness

L-beam Pick Core height Flange width Thickness

Square Sect. Pick Side

2.2.2. Syntax

With regard to the structure of the ASCII file that makes up the table, we set out the followingrules:

The table is to be written as a text file, with a ".txt" extension. A carriage return will separate two table lines. Columns within the same line are to be separated by tabulation. The first line of the file can contain the nomenclature of the different columns. If the file

does not contain this (optional) nomenclature a default one will be generated internally by3Dipsos.

The file can contain empty lines. If, within a line, a column is not filled in (two consecutive tabulations) then the value is

copied from the column of the same row from the preceding line. The comma can replace the point in decimalized notation (true values). The file can contain additional columns or comments, provided that the syntax of the

initial columns is respected. This additional information will not be read by 3Dipsos.


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Example

This is a brief example (valid) of a table for an H type of beam (\t represents tabulations and\n carriage returns).

Pick \t Profile height \t Width \t \t \t320 \t 359 \t 309 \t 21 \t 40 \t (entry a) \n

340 \t 377 \t 309 \t 21 \t \t (entry b) \n

\n

360 \t 395 \t 308 \t \t \t (entry d) \n

400 \t 432 \t 307 \t 21 \t 40 \t (entry e) \n

450 \t 478 \t 307 \t 21 \t 40 \t (entry f) \n

500 \t 524 \t 306 \t 21 \t 40 \t (entry g) \n

550 \t 572 \t \t \t \t (entry h) \n

The nomenclature of the first line is incomplete: 3Dipsos will complete it. However thetwo first fields cannot be left out. The tabulations are vital in order to ensure the correctformatting of the data (number of minimum columns).

The first column, the a to h entries, represents the picking of the beams: although here itis a matter of numerical values, 3Dipsos will read them as character strings.

The value of column 5 of entry b is deduced from the preceding entry: it therefore has avalue of 40. On the other hand, the first entry of the file, (a) in our example, cannotcontain an implicit value.

Entry c is usually empty. This allows the file structure to open up a little, therebyimproving its readability. This line cannot contain any comments. The presence of picks of line (a) to (h) in a sixth column does not interfere with our file

structure (warning: line (c) cannot be filled in).

Quite a lot of spreadsheets, including Excel, allow tables to be recorded in textformat with the option of defining the column separator, in our case \t (called Tab inExcel).

2.3. Importing a TableHaving specified and correctly captured a table to an ASCII file, we can consider importing itinto 3Dipsos. A standard table can also be imported.

To import a table

1. Click on [Catalog & Table (.txt)...] in the menu [File] > [Import].The Load a table dialog box opens.

2. Use the file browser to select the import file (using a .txt extension)There are already some tables in the directory 3Dipsos > Macro > tables > piping

3. Fill out the name of the table. As soon as the file is selected, a default table name issuggested, taking the name of the file from which we remove the extension and all

TIP


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characters that are not valid for a 3Dipsos entity name (non-accented alphabetic characters,numeric characters, /, *, +, -, . and _ are valid; the blank space is replaced by _).Users can therefore redefine the name to suit themselves.

4. Fill out the type of table loaded in order to allow 3Dipsos to recognize the number ofcolumns expected and, if necessary, to complete the nomenclature.

5. Finally, capture the unit to apply to the dimensions contained in the table (which are, bydefault, millimeters).The displayed unit is the current unit. Select Inch if the tables are in inches. 3Dipsos does notautomatically detect this!

6. Validate.The table is loaded and will automatically be integrated into the file when it is next saved.

To import a set of tables

1. Click on [Catalog & Table (.txt)...] in the menu [File] > [Import].The Load a table dialog box opens.

2. Select Logfiles (*.log) in the Type field.

3. Select in the Table Type field..

4. Select DIN.log in the directory 3Dipsos>Macro>SteelWorks.

5. Click Open.

Warning: It is important to clearly specify the type of table that is being imported: ifthe file does not contain enough columns, then the import will

Documents

3Dipsos 3_1 User Guide MODULES