EUROPA ORIENTALIS 21 (2(X)2): I

CTPATEFHAHHTATIA B H0331414 B5PIECJIABA HBAHOBA

C ep2eri A ep un«ee

HeT Hy)Knhi HaIIOMHHaTb, B KaKOPI Mepe milposompeHHe 135111. 14BaHoHa ca-KpanH3yeT KynbTypHym Tpanimmo, CHCTeMaTHIIeCKH yrione6nng B HpHno-}KeHHH K Hai KaTeropHH, o6bitmo upllnaraembie B 60FOCTIOBCKOM mcKypce K

Tomy, =no Ha3bmaeTcH C6371.14CHHblAi HpeòanueM; 1 He) apom 011 TaK ‘-iacTo H C

TaKOIi cepbe3HocTmo roHoprin B npnmeHeHHH K KynbType O Ky.abrnax, OTHIORb

He BKJUITHABa51 B 3T0 CJI0BelIKO HHKaK0r0 HeraTHHHoro cmhicna. 3nech He mecTo o6cy>xnam B m-none, TaK cKa3aTh, mmpoi3033peHmecKom rpaHHHhi ero

ripaHoTbi H HenpaHoThi B 3TOM B011p0Ce, a TaK)Ke OTMegaTb HIOaHCbI ero B

Henom BecbMa CTa6HJ11,110il 1103HHHH 110 epe ABH)KeHHH nepe3 pa3JIWIHLIe cpa3m ero TBOrleCKOA 6HOrpaC1)11H. B HacTosamil MOMeHT Hac °Ami iincTo cTpyierypHbul momeHT: oTmeneHHasi nevra He morna He C6JIH3HTb XOTH

6bI 110 BHeHIHHM ripH3Halcam ero 1111'1H0r0 OTHOIHeHHH K Hpo6neme, o6o3Hanae-MOH HbHIe TepmHHom "unnieprneKcmyarzbuocinb" , C TbICSIMeileTHHMH HaBbl-

'campi cTapoi FOMIIIIeTWIeCKOH 3K3ere3bI B146J111H. 3T11 IIaBbIKH npennonaranH cylgecTHoHaHHe e)1(11H0r0 cHepx-TexcTa, KOTOpb1P1 HpencTaanzer C060Ii He npocTo npenmeT mrrepripeTaHHH, HO npocTpaHcmo, BuyTpn KOTOpOr0 Hpoxo-RHT BCH nenoHeiecKan )10131II, TOTIKOBaTeTISI, coBepuneTcx ero xienoBegecKan cynb6a. Bnir I'IBaHOB, 3HaTOK 3J111111ICK0r0 yM03pCHHH, He 6b111 3HaKOM C npeH-Heersperi'cxoti Tpawnwefi (xoTH ero Hemnepriaemoe J11060HbITCTBO, KaK MbI

yBHAHM Hu)ce, pacripourpaHnnoch H Ha Hee), — onHaKo npli MbICTIH O ero OT110-

memm KO BCeIi cymme aBTORITCTHLIX nnH Hero TCKCTOB camo co6ofi JIe3eT B

ronoHy onHo 3HeprHtmoe mriumawrcicoe H3peneHHe O CB51111eHHOM 11HcaHHH: "floHopaimafi ero H TaK H 3AaK, 1160 B Hem — Hcé". 2

I Flpn 3TOM nwra'renb, 6e3 comnel-nim, nomunbr, wro canili no ce6e cnansmo-pyccKoe "npeAcmie" H DaTI4HCKO° "Tpajuigusg" (traditi()) cy'I'b napa CHHOHIIMOB (COOTBCFCT8y10-

uittx rpenecKomy napetScomg).

2 Pirgei Avot 5, 22.

12 Cepzefi Aoepito«e6

CBepX-TeKCT, HHyrpH 'compor° oco3HaeT ce6H H roHopzuwil, — 3Ta HgeH HaXOTBITCH y BHn. HBaHOBa B KOHTeKCTe ero BepbI B JIIIIIHOCTI10-

cBepxnmploe cy6cTaHnua~oe eAHHCTBO neer° nemosenecicoro pop, CTOJIL

HCII0 BbIpa>KeHHOe B M3nonee "IlenoHex". ECJIH Bee IHOT(11 COCTaBJIHIOT TaKoe e)(HHCTBO, TO H TeKCTbI pa3JIHtIHbIX Kysn'Typ, nHcaHHH pa3JIHIIHbIX penHrnomo-HHTepaTypHmx TpaTull'Hil Taxxce COCTaBJIHIOT — HO xpaPmen mepe, Ha onpeRe-neHHom ypOBHC BbICOTbI HJIH rJIy6HHbI — TeKCT. Taxasi y6excHelmocTb HhipaxcaeTcs" B xapaKTepHOi ARSI BsIn. 14naHoHa H cncTemaTHnecxx HM npHme-~moti cTpaTerHH B3aHMHOTO HaJIWKeHHH o6pnon H cDopmyn pa3.111Mlib1X TpaHlumn. PFICKOBaHHaS1 ripaxnuca ncmo6Horo Hanoxcemn 6bula 6b1 6e3 3TOil

y6e>meHHocTH npocTo Hrpoti, 1110.11bK0 Hrpoi3 , KaKOBOPI mia y Bnn. PlnaHmsa HO cnoen cyTH Hmcorga He HBJIHeTCH (XOT51 Ha yponHe axingeHTanbHom Hrpo-Boe Hcerga BO3M0)KHO).

BOT HeCKOJIbK0 npnmepon 3TOTO.

B nepenoge "AramemHoHa" 3cxlina, CT. 160-162 Mbl BcTpenaem Hpnmue "(n'ami I43 BH6JIHH: HMeHOBaHHH EAHHOTO Bora — "Cyuoir II3 3HaMeMITOTO

3uH3oga HeorlarnlMoh Kyrn4Hbi (KHHra ficxoHa 3, 14-15) H ")Kue Tocnoòb" (4 LTap. 2, 2, cp. 1-1Hc. 14, 21), COOTBeTCTBeHHO "Boz "(fumi" ('el haj, passim). Y 3cxlina B HORJIIIHHHKe MbI inTraem:

Zcùg, ócsng rcot' CaTív, ci TeS' ccú-tcji 0110V KEKX,TyléV(p, TO6TÓ viv 7tpoccvvé1cco;... 3

Hllnero noRo6Hor° 6H6lIeACKOA JICKCHKe 3Rech IleT, ogHaxo ROCTaT0g110 OTLIeTIIHBO cchopmy.auponalla HAex npoTocjmnocochcicor° MOHOTCH3Ma, ATM KO-

Toporo mnchonorHnecKHe HMeHOBaHHH HpHHBIIIIHa.abH0 yCJI0BHbI. 4 H BOT,

nepegaTb MOHOTeIICTHtIeCKyIO MbICJIb 3CXIIJIa, HBaHOB naxoHHT BO3MO*HbIM "(n'amo anefumponaTb K H3bIKy moHoTeH3ma 6H6neficxoro:

)KHB Bor.

Cyrtud AMB. KOBb IIMA "3eBC"

OH ripnemner, K 3eBcy BOCKpHOACTCA MOA..."

3 "3CBC, KTO 6bI OH HH 6b111, eCJIH emy camomy yronmo TaK HMEHOBBTbCA, A TaK ero

HmeHylo".

4 Tpyimo He BC110MHHTb HO aBanorfin CJ1OB FepaKnwra: év TÒ CSOOÒV 1.1015V0V kéyeaOcct oinc è.Clact Kai è0éket Znvòg óvopa (frgm. Diels-Kranz 22 B 32: "E)IIHOC,

Ano:m(3mm) myàpoe, tt He menuern, u .yreAuem, qmofibi ezo HaahlHaillt umeoem 3e6-

ca"). neropmKo-pen(wBommil KOHTeKCT, B Ko'I'opoM CTOAT CJIOBa 3exima.

Cmpamezuft10111aMbi e noaauu BR ■ leC.aaaa Haat-106a 13

OTMCTHM BCKOJIb3b, 'ITO 110)406HbIM >Ke o6pa3om nepenow BH'I. 14Ha-Holm 113 rpenecimx HO3TOB moryT B6HpaTb B CC651 14 cpopmynEd 143 pyceicoù KAaCCUK11, npHmepom nero mo)KeT Cfly)1(14Tb nepeRana cTpoicH AJIKCH

d(61)VéTI1H1 Tciiv dcvégcov CrrecCILV (6, 1: "SI He noi-111mm° CMyTbI BeTpon") —

"HOCUIU, KM0 .41031Cern, 6ytinyto òypb eenipoe", C 01'1141;41(mi, pa3yMeeTCH, Ha nammTnoe Ka)momy poccHilocomy imaTemo MCCTO 143 "Medttozo Bcaòutuca":

..Heect 6C10 110'lb / Pecutacn K mopto npotnue 6ypu, / He oòo.nee ux 6ylittoù òypu...". TaKoe cnoHoynoTpe6neHme, nowanyil, HeKoppeKTHo 6b1110 61,1 Ha3-BaTb HwraToil, 14 ero cpymo(HoHanbHoe, allaKonoe HaaHanenHe IICCK0JIbK0

HHoe, tiem y "6146neH3mon" B nepeHoHax c rpenecKoro; Bnponem, H ()Ho — Hn B

KOCM cnynae He npocTaH Hrpa, aa HHM CTOHT XOTS1 H He mnpoBoaapeHnecKam HeKnapanHn Ha yponHe Teonorfin, HO aaTo necbma xapaierepHoe H.H511/1BaHoHa npegcTaHneHHe O aaKoHoAaTenncTnylon(em cTaTyce KJ1aCCHrICCKHX TCKCTOB — cKaxcem, co HpemeH IlynnenHa TaK041-TO npegmeT no-pyccim HaabmaeTcn Hmeinio TaK.5 BonpoC JIHILIb aa HHeHTHcplixanneti o6o3nanaemoro npeHmeTa, 14

Hymmo CO311aTbC51, IITO 14AeHT14(1)HKa141151 3Ta nponeHeHa 6e3yxopH3rreinio: An-nen ynoTpe6nmeT CJIOBO 6T6t61g "cmynza, msnex", HHane ronopH, cHmHonHne-CKH c6nHxzaeT 6yilcTso semola H HanpaHnHembix 3THMH HeTpamn BOIIII CO

CTHXHeÙ 6yHTa, TITO comaeT nonnylo aHanormo men(y O6pa3HOCTbIO 3TOPI

04Ibl H 14CHTpaRbHbIM CHMBOJIOM "Mcòno2o BCadni/Ka", onpeHenHnumm 14 all-TponomopcpHavipylowyro meTacpopy "6yúttaa òypb".

OTMeTHM B 3TOi3 CBS13H, TITO B npeAclue, HaneKHe HpemeHa ARSI II03T14-

necKoro cnoHoynoTpe6neum 6bin Hecbma xapaierepeH TaKOÙ 110-1IbIHC111-

Hemy roHopH, "HifrepTexcTyanbHbix" CBSI3eil C 6onee paHHHmH TeKCTaMH EtHyrpH Ton surrepaTypHon Tpagra(HH, KOTOpb141 pane TITO BeCbMa yCJI0BHO MO)KHO Ha3BaTb "HHTHponaHHem", XOTH HH ogyni 06peTaionunIcH 13 ananom

5 B cyLgHocTH, C 3T011 )Ke 110FHK011 riera BHyTpCHHPIX 061.1KHOBeHHi1513b1Ka (S13b1Ka B

JIHHFBHCT144eCKOM CM61CJIC Il B He pa3ReilliMOM C HHM CMb1CJIC 23b1Ka Kynurypb!) CI3R-

3ano H ynoTpe6neHme 6146.rieH3moli 13 nepeRoge 3cxpina: no-pyccKH (pum, l'ro jun Bspi.

1/1HaHoHa npHHHHHHanbHo TO )Ke camoe, no-cnalismcKH) nouanmeHaemasi MOHOTCH-

3MOM peam,HocTb o6o3Hamaercz OnOnellcKiimH o6opoTampl, cnegoHaTenbHo, nocneR-

mie npeRruicaHbi 3aKOHOM camoro 513bIKa. B 3TOM CCTb onpeReneHHaH norma, no-

CK0116Ky pyccKall neKcHKa )111-1S1 110HSITHil a6cTpaKTHoro C1311.11000CPCKOF0 'repima (pum

Repima) HcropHgecKH He pa3 oKa3bnianach He; ocTaToqHoii Ansi nwrepaTypHoro nepe-

HoRa, CKa>l<CM, C HemegKoro 513b1Ka, 4TO HbiHynkano pyCCKIAX 1103TOB KflaCCWICCK011

nopm rtpH6eraTb, XOTS1 H He TaK xprrpoymHo, KaK 13514. VlBaHOB, K 6116.11CtiCK011 IleKCHKC

(3'ro Tema Haweli cTaTbm: Ka3ycbi "xpPicTuapnaHHH" HemegKoll no3TH ■pecKofi neKcH-

K14, B KH.: Amasior Kynuryp — Kynurypa Rnanora: K 70-ne1'mo H. C. IlaBnoBoil, M. 2002, c. 307-317).

14 Cep2eti Aeeptute<es

yme cl)Hnonor He ycmoTpwr B HHX nnarmaTa. HanpnMep, Korxa Beprwraul BBOAHJ1 B CBOIO "atetiòy"Bocxowllglie K ero Benmomy xpegrene 3Hn1110 o6o- pormi xpoAe horrida bella (VI, 86; VII, 41), ox npennonaran, TITO ero grrraTe- .11H 110MHSIT 06pa3ex, — HO HCX0A14.11 143 npegcTaxnexxx TOM, 11TO HO-JIaTbIIIH CO xpemex 311111154 14 ero, 3HHI4S1, aBTOpirreTOM nerxrxmxpoxan HMCH110 TaKOfi

y yc yxce KaK B5111. HBaHOB OTMHtIHO 3HaJI 3TO, 11 ero CO6CTIMIHLIC

npencTaxnexxx O 3aKOHOTBOIVICCTBe KJ1aCCHIIeCKHX aBTOpOB B110,11 He o6ocllo- nbmanx TaKoe noxeneHlie.

BepHeMca, onxaxo, K npenmery 6onee cyixecTBeimomy H 6onee cnegri-cfmnecKomy Ansi 13xn. HBaHOBa: K cnynaxm cxenexax Boe) vnto 6H6.11eACKIIX 14

311J1HHCKHX accomaxHil. Carini 3TH cHcremarHnecxx BcTpegaercx 11 B op11rx- HanbH011 1103311H BSIiI. HBaHOBa. BOT nprimep 113 "Cor Ardens" I ("Cyd 02W1"):

npen BaKXOM Oparieti nnzweT, CTaH cor6efflibul pa3orHeT!

Tema CTHXOTBOpel1H51 — RHOHHCHtiCKH11 BOCTOpr cpenx xaTacTpodmi pa3- rpoma B3SITOrl axetigamx Tpox. CnoxoconeTaxxe "BaKx 6paneir, He xmeio-Luce HIiKaKHX COOTBeTCTBH11 B aHTVIIIHOti nexcHKe, nOn*H0 Bb13b1BaTh B Ha

WITH 6x6neticxoe 11meHoxam4e "Focnoòb / £02 aouncnia" (nanpvimep, 1 llap. 17, 45; 14c. 24, 21 14 Ap.) — TaK TITO Tpoxxxa, rumumax B nac rri6enH cxoero ropoAa, 6ygeT nono6xa Ramigy, namcaxinemy nepen Koxnerom 3aBeTa (2 Kit UapcTB 6, 14). 3TOT "6H6J1eH3M" 110)VOTOBJICH B I(aHHOM CTHXOTBOpel1H11

o6o3nanennem 30.110T010 napna e nyxoxelicmeximimmo6pax<eimem RHomIca —

"K06qC20M", pa3ymeeTeB, IIO manorm C TOJIbKO 11TO 110MS1HyTIAM KOBIlerOM

3aBeTa. 6 (CJIOBO "K08 ,1e2" HOBTOpC1I0 B CTHXOTBOpellHH Ra)Ke nrsax<xbi). CneRykllgynl ripllmep OTHOCHTCS1 K TOI1HKe acxaTonornneeKoà H B3S1T 113

M3JIOHCH "IlenoxeK" (II 3):

...He Jjo nnoTa peKB npenenbBoti, Fne 3a o6on oTnawb ninoTb...

0604, npHroroxnzembiri 3J1J1 14HOM Tnia pacnnami C Xaponom ripki nepe-npaBe nepe3 Hen, o6ienimeH T. O. B ognoll eTpoxe C .4111.11001b10, T. e. ongri-noti (rpen. griX.cotii) C6pOLUCHHOft, COMaCHO HOBeCTBOBal1H10 4 KH14114 gapern (2, 13-14), BO3H0C5111114MCSI Ha xe6eca npopoxom ero rieuxxy En11-

6 KaK n0 31'011 *e amori« napgbi, comaknme aamKByroe npoeTpaBemo BoKpyr HKOHbl, Ha3b1BaFOTCA no-pyccKB "Ku/a/omumu" oT rpeq. Ktponóg [di; Auxer'Beng], yno-Tpe6nmemoro H B rpe'1ecKo Bepcma BeTX0r0 3aBeTa, T. H. CenTyarBirre, H B rpegeeKom 23bIKe npaBocnaBBoti rnmuorpachmB H monwon,d nnz 0603HageHHA Kowiera 3aBeTa.

Cmparnezitft I<IIMaMbl a noaau B fl'ICCACI6C1 How-waa 15

ceto. PaccTaBaHHe npa KoHge )1(143H14 C CO6CTBeHHbIM TC.TIOM yHOJI06115leTCSI

paccTanaHato Hpopoxa co CBOHM xapaierepHum oaeatimem. HoRo6Hbie npogegypbt Ha ypOBIle 1114111314CTIIKO-CeMHOTWICCKOM onpana-

HLI HcTopHnectcH C110)104Baletica AyanbHocmto TtByx HpanbIKOB erlponeficxon xpacmaHcKoft TpaAanax: rpettecxoro / ThaTHIICKOFO, C owtoil CTOpOHbI, H apen-HeeHpeticicoro, e Apyroil. XapaKTepHa 23b1KOBaS1 ntyma B nocHamet4H Gele-genheitsgedicht 1923 r. BaxTopy AmpointKoHllny MaHytinony: "Victori manu Elohim".

...Bbi oripawiacre, peaairrenb 11 COB011pOCHNK urporax My3, ,111,Byx 3ByKOB liMCH11 COF03,

PyKOK) BO>Kbeil 1106CBMTB.11b.

Illyma, nocTpoemtaa Ha maxapottHnecxom nponTeHna chamwaHH MaHyil- noBa, TonHee, ne>xamero B OCHOBC 3T011 CPaM14111114 14Me1114 "Mallyan". IlepeR HamH Hrpa Ha omocPotant pa3Hoa3bninmx nexcem, wtHa 143 Korrophix mirrailexasT, a apyraz — eBpeùCKaII, Taxan arpa, Kompam iianommiaerr H3BeCTHbJe Kaaychi mapoBoil 110331414, HaHpHMep, CTFIX14 aTanisimexoro eBpeH .Tleoxa Ply)IbI 143

Mogelibi (1571-1648), iikrrimyembie o. Haanom (1).riopeacxam B ero crrame "AHTIIHOM1451 513bIKa " ,7 KaK, 6e3 COMIICI11451, 110MIISIT ‘114TaTC1114 3T011 CTIlTb14, y Begytnero cflowayio xrpy eapeticxoro lloaTa xa)Kilaa urpoxa MO}KCT 14MCTI,

pa31114 1111bIrl CMbICM B 3a1314CHMOCT14 OT TOFO, imeliTacjimmpyem 1114 Mbl aaHHhin B

Hai H2160p 3ByKOB C HTaJ11,5111CKHM14 HJIH C enpencimma nexcemama, exa)Kem, 3HaTIPIT 11H mori 110-14TanbSIIICK14 "yhtlipaem") ll.rm no-eHpePicKH "moti ytit-nzertb"). HeT Int manefintero COMHCHHM B TOM, TITO 13SI , I. 14B/1110B 0 ,1C1Ib OT-

neT1111B0 HomHan, TITO Ha camom ;iene 03HanaeT 14.m.many-3.2b CatioTta.Twom Hepenoge Emmanyim —"c-nakm-Bo2", cp. KitHra VIcanit 7, 14 n EHaHrenHe OT

Mintea 1, 23), H TITO 014 ripegriosiaran Taxyio Ace ormenillayio namam o6 3TOM y CB014X nwraTeneil, Hanputaa c camoro aRpecaTa; HOMHMO neer° npo-nero, coHepateinto Hemadnaembim HanommtaHaem g.rar pyccKoro o6pa3ona1I- 110r0 nenoriexa CHMBOJIIICTCKO-HOCTCHMBOJIIICTCKOH cf)opMausII 61:1n0 3arnamte 3HaMCHHTOI'O CTI4XOTHOpC11145113.naaHmHpa CortoBbeHa "Iimmany-anb".

Moamo A06aBaTb, TITO (")am14111451 "Maityrmoe" B CC 3mnapHnecKom Hime BOCKORITT He HenocpeacmettHo K eBpeficicomy 11CpBOHMCHH, 110 K ero 3111114-

H14314p0BaHHO-BH3allT14314p0BaHHOMy HapHaHTy "Mavourpr, TaK TITO arpa 1481314Ta 14 JIaTbIHH 3HamettaTenblibm Tuta 06b1KHOBeIIIIII aBTopa o6pa3oM He

7 11. A. cknopeacKnil, Y noRopa3ge.noB MbICJI41, M. 1990,'x. 2, e. 182.

16 Cep2eù Aeepuutges

o6oninach 6e3 nocpencTria rpetiecxoro. (Cp. Taioxe Hepx.-cnaH. Manyu.a -b). 8 A TyT pice caM co6ori HcnommiaeTcsi enie onHH cnriati, Ha ceri pa3 113 Hponi

1,1BaHoHa: elipericxoe cnosocotieTaHlie keter malkhut ("acne« ila- pcmetm"), coeTTHYllowee B celie HmeHoHaHm nepHofi H nocnewiell H3 ACCSITH

Ka6anHcmilecimx "ceg5uponz" 9 H colinagaiomast c 3arnaHHem °Alloro H3 cambix Ba>KHbIX CHHaFOraMbHbIX PHMHOB, H) ripeAcTaeT B "HOBCCTH o CBOTOMHpe

HapOBFIIIe" ripeo6pa3oHaHHhim nepe3 mcniotieHHe B BH3aHTHACKO-CJIaBSIHCKOC

513bIKOBOO HpocTpaHcTso, TaK CITO nHTepa esp. andiariliTa nme nepenaeTcsi cnaH. Ournoù:"KeOep -b-Manxym -b". 1 HeI303M0>KHO C 60flee H3SILIII1011 ripocTo-TOPI Ha110MIIVITb tIHTaTenIO, CITO mHp Xopca — He ripocTo Ka66ana KaK TaK0-

Basi, HO ripocTpaHcmo BOCTOIIHO-CJIaBAIICKOil Ka66aJ1HCTHKH, a 3aomio, KOHCrI-

HO, C6IIH3HTb BJ1aRapS1 C 3110X0i1 HOaHHa III, B HatIane xoTopori T. Il. epecb xuòoecmeytotuux, 13HOCJICACTBHH HonHeprHyrast roHeIIH IM, eine Honb3oHanacb

8 Cp. A. I1114111KHH, K clmnococimkt nwrepaTypHoro HMeHH: Bsmecnan, BenemHp, Bonbcfmtm., B KH.: Lly*oe HMA. CI16. 2001, c. 28-29.

9 flepuaR, KaK 14 npunrmecTuyer (temo', ummaer Ha MIICTIVIeCKHX IIHarpammax T. H.

òpeeo eediupom, nocnelmsub 3HameHym nepexon OT TpaHCLICHReFITHOÙ ccpepe K 11M-

MaHeHTH011 (Liapcmeue 1Boxeuel), npocTripaercz BH113y aToro !)pesa (cp. Der Sohar. Das heilige Buch der Kabbala, iibertr. v. E. Miiller, Diederichs Gelbe Reihe 35: Judaica, Miinchen 1998, SS. 19-22, rje mwraTenb Haber Heo6xonumble FIOACHCHHA).

IO rHMH aToT 6bm coanaH Tem cambim HCFlaHCKHM eupeem XI B. CallOMOHOM 146H-

Fe6Hponem, chnnococpcKdi Tpyn Koi'oporo "11CM0qH1lK 31a13111! " npune*Ho arrynmpo-Hank' B IlaTHHCKOM nepeuone KaTommecKHe cxonacTbt. FlepeoHarmnbHo ynomymyroe npowneneHme penurno:moil nmpHKH He npenHaaHauanocb gru! cHHaroranbHoro yno-Tpe6nemig, ORHaK0 CO upemeHem 80111110 B 06HX0A Ha ilom-Kunyp (CM. Kindlers Lite-raturlexikon im dtv, Bd. 12, Miinchen 1974, S. 5224).

11 Floueerb o Cnerommpe 11,apenw4e, KH. III, rn. X, 3 (I, c. 316); Cp. KH. IV, rn. XIV, 6 ('raM *e, c. 347). OnHaKo BploccenbcKoe H3aaHHe, nonbayAcb compemeHHoil opto-rpacpmeit ("OepmezpuOuezi", KaK nmpa)Kancsi r. r. WneT), mucTo TexmmecKH He mo- rno nepegam C1'01112 Ba>l<HyFO B 3HaKOBOM OTHOLUCHH41 0//My; B pyKOFINC11 oHa mrraercz BHOJIHC OT'IeTAHBO. flps1Mal ounA6Ka 3T0r0 143)WHIIA CCT', 3ameHa B mute cnrmen (c. 316, 317, 318, B orrnmnie OT C. 347) mucTneHHoro -e- nocne 9I1Mhl Ha -o-, 'I'aK '1'1'0 143

KeOeptt nonymaercA iceOup. — KaK H3BeCTH0, nepenaua 11MCHFIO maea (a He mima, KaK MOACHO 661110 661 0>K14RaTb) rpegecKoil ~ori H Hameil Oomozi TpanmmoHHa H Hocxo-nwr ente K Cerrryarmrre, 'raK 4TO cnausnmaarmg eupeficKoro cnonocoueramig y Bmg. 1/1BaHona cimnonorwlecKH KoppeK'rHa. RoOamtm, wro H emponeilcKaz TpaHcnwrepankm Toro *e "uamap", Hammaz C Hanamd anox peHeccaHca H 6apOKKO (Hanp., A. Kircher, Oedipus Aegyptiacus, Romae 1632, I, fol. 229a-b) H 13F1110T6 JI0 113paHnyacKoil, Hemen-Koti H aHrnmficKoil Ka6anucTt4ecKOI1 nkrrepaTypb1 upemeH camoro Bzu. YlnaHona, no-cnenonaTenbHo nepenauana mae mepea th, tiemy H cooTnercTuyer Boma.

Cmpamezun twmanint e 1103300 Bluteciuma n«aHOHC1 17

HOBOJIMIO 61IaFOCKII0HHbIM HHTCpCCOM camoro Hourreaa BCpXOBHOPI BJUICTH H

ero oxpy>KeHHH. 12 BepHemcst, oaHaxo, K HOCBSIIHCHHIO Victori manu Kaaanoch

H3bIKOBaH inyma, XOTSI 6b1 H ray6oxommcnermaa, HO ocTaanaacH IllyTKOPI H

HpHTom BBCACHHaS1 B HOCBSIII1eHHH O'ICIIb nepwtepHilHoro TCKCTa, HC aacny- >KHaaeT CTOJIb 06CTOSITCJIMI0F0 06Cy)KACIIHSI. 0,1111aK0 HMCHHO B Heù C HCKJIIO-

IIFITCJILHOil HCHOCTbIO H HC061,MHOPI npocToToil o6HaNcaeTcn HpHem, Haapa- B.TICHHblfi Ha abicTparmanHe Hexoero caoònozo meman3baca eaponeilexoll xpricTitaHcxofi xysibTyphi C ee 6H6neficico-airrnnimimn KOpIIHMH. 3)rkech CJIOBIIO

6bI BbIBORHTCSI Ha rioaepxHocTb TeHaeHnHa, npeAcTaiomaz Ha FJIy6HHC B o6o- poTax apoge "3a o6ort omdamb .11411110111b " HJIH B 6H6JICH3MaX, BACHBJICIIIILIX B

TCKCT 3CXHJIa.

14TaK, JIHIII3FICTFIIIeCKOC H xy.nurypHo-cheHomeHonorlinecxoe onpasaaHme HoAo6Hofi ripaierrnm ce meTachHautiecxoro onparmaHria, nocneg- Hee yxopeHeHo, COFIlaCHO abauecxaaalmomy, Hee B TOPI )1,(C pepe B MHCTII-

necKn-cynkHocuioe CAHHCTBO "BO AgaMC" H "BO XRICTC" acero poaa -,ienoae- necxoro, KaK O TOM roaopirr, HarlpuMep, "PHMCKHil RIICBIIHK" noR 27 CeHT26p5g:

AMIKOB npangy, xpncTnaHe, Mbl 4TI1M: CO BCCN 3CMJieO oHa B HOB03aBCTHOM IlopjkaHe OgHLACHa H KpemeHa.

12 ,Eknz npemeu B514. IlnaHona MO>KHO oTmerwrb: O CpCCH >KHROBCTByl -0111,11X, M. 1902; A. H. C060.TICBCKHl1, FlepeRoRHaz linTepaTypa MOCKOBCKOli PyCH XIV-XVI BCKOB, CH 6. 1903. C Tee nop KO.TH1MeCTBO nccnemoRaHnn, FlOCBAIneHHbIX aTomy BOnpOCy, pe3Ko nhipocno (Tpynbi H. A. Kaaaxoaoil H A. C. Ilyphe, B. B. MITIII>K0Ba H gp.). — B CBST311 C

nawe0 Temofi oTNICTIANI, wro cama no ce6e Ka66anucTw4ecKa54 JIeKCHKa y>Ke CRPIACTC.flb-

CTByeT O gpenHem naHMORdICTHHH 513bIKOBbIX MHp0B, FlOCK011bKy enpacKo-apamen- CKIlli TCpM11H "(4/Tom" npencTannsieT c06oii HC HHOC, K2K nepennuomy rpe4e- CK0r0 64a1pet ("Cg5epa"). •TMCTHM TaK>Ke rliy.r5MyE0 HCTpHIAlailLHOCTb HBaHOBCKal

ClJaHTnitn Ha Temi pyccKoil ncTopnn, nbipa3nmnylocm B 00060M BFIHMaHHH K

LkapcTnonaHmo 140aHHa 111 (KaKonoe JICFKO npnmeTHTb OTHMIIL3 He TO.TILKO B C1)1,1rype

BOJIXBa Xopca 1,1 BCCNI, IITO C nei CBSI3aH0). 14 poccPuicKne, H 3apy6e>KHbie AnTepaTophi ncerma CIIHIBKOM peRK0 I3CFIONII11-1a1111 06 3'1'011 BCJIHKal nope, BK.TIF01aKifikal H

o6peTeHne H03aBlICHNIOCTIA, Il petnatommil mar K newrpainuanum PyCH 4epe3 no6egy Hag BOIIhHblM Honroponom, H npniun_neHne IlTaJILSMCKOF0 apmfreKTopa ApHCTOTC1151

(1)HopaHaw1'n, H Cipax C HaC.FICRHHLkeirl iknHacTnn lia.neonoron (oco6eHHo nogpo6Ho Temantsuponammul B "n0BCCTH O CneTomnpe LI,apenwie"), H muoroe gpyroe. 3Ha-'114TCJIbH0 MeHee nwrepecHoe no CyTH, HO BHCLIIFIC OTMCgeHHOC MpallHai K011OplIT-

HOCTbF0 napcTnonanne 1/loaHHa IV flpHBACKa110 noo6pa>KeHne Hecpanunmo 6onbine! Y Bsig. I/InaHona nponopumu BOCCTaHaBALIBMOTCA.

18

Cepzeii A6epilliaea

O Cnone repaKniiTy ronoc flonenan, Temnomy,'I'CMHO;

inenneT anenclincioiti Konoc: "He BCTaHCT, He HCTACB, aepno".

Tal( ronoplino OTKponenbe 3.11.11"1 Ha60>KHbIM CblHaM,

14 Bepa nam 6naroronenbe BilyinaeT K HX paccneTnum cnam.

PaaymeeTcsi, CTHX O 3epne iimeeT B ninly Enanrenne OT I'IoalIHa 12, 24:

"I/lenimmo, acnumno 2060p10 ea.m: maemmuoe 3epuo, na8 8 3eJ14.410, ne

pupem, mo ocmanernca orino; a n'Ali ympem, mo npunecem ~020 naoda".13

Hirrepeeno, onnaKo, Tro H noxnana "Ha6o9Kuocnat" SI3bl'IeCKHX CM! 10B iipen-

nen 3sinaRisi Towe npeAcTannneT coóoll BHOJIIIe yananaemylo nonoaaneTnyio

niiTaTy. B Resninsix AnOCTOBOB 17, 22-23 MbI liviTaem o npononemi AHOCTOJIa

HaB.I1a B TaKOM cpenoTorlini 311JIHHCKI1X TpaAHIW1I, KaK achinicKnil apeonar: "H

cmae Haee✓ cpedu apeonaza, cKa3a.a: Affiaunue! no ece.my moKy il, Minio Obi

KaK-mo oco6enno Ha6oxrubl. H6o, npoxodst a oc.mampueasz (lama CaRn1b11111, sa

Halue.4 u 3KeptneenHaK, na Komopam Hanucano: "Heeeòomomy Bozy". Ce20-

Komopozo abl, ne 3HaR, armane, a nponoGeòpo eam". 3a oinnim 3nnTeTom

"Ha6o9Kubim" B03HHKaeT BCH Tema npopoiiecKoro ripeRnyncTinin, nbipax<einian

An0CfnallaM a3b1K06 B enonax: "...Koniopozo abl, ne 3naa,

A Tenepb H nepexowy K cnomcnomy H OLICHL JII060HbITHOMy Kaayey, HJI-

snocTpnpyiomemy, B KaKOII Mepe cTpaTerlin nimiponarinsi y 1351 ,1. HBa110Ba

511311HeTCH KOHTeKCTya111.110n, 'calme np06nembi comaeT neninimanne K Henb-

HOMy KOHTeKCTy. KaK 110Ka3bIBaeT o6paineinie K IleKOTOpb1M conpemeinibim

onbiTam KommenTnponannst, Tpyannim opeuncom ~amen OCTpblà H aaaoplibin

icaTpen 113 "HapipKcicnx arnirpamm", nmeioninn aarnanne "Milanesi".

KTo — cKop6HT no e3yH're, K'ro — 3013CT13 cTpaHy napen... rannbi, rannbi, flpH301311TC

Ily>KC3eMliblX maTepeii!

13 PaHHHM ripenuiecTnennincom BS1 31. Mimi-lona no nacTli C6.11H*CH1,12 eBaHrellbCK0i3

npirpin o cmepTii 3epila e 3JICESCIMCKIIM KOJI0CO311 6bin eine B. A. ›KyKoncKpai, B CBOCM

nepenoae 111H.11.11epOBCK011 "5Kano6b1 Liepepbi" nocuirintai npH MHHIlMa.11bHbIX OTK.110-

HCH112X oT H0)111 11HHLIKa maKciimyma xplicTnaninainin cmbicna CTIIXOT130pCH1451. (HaM

nplixonnnocb o6 aTOM niicaTI. 13 ynomsalyroll cTaTbe: Ka3ycbl "xpncTitannaantin" HC-

megKoi/ noaTiinecKoil SICKCHICH, c. 312-313).

CrnparneviR t(umambt e 6033116 Bartecnaaa Mem-tomi 19

HaCKOJIbK0 CTpaHHbIe HeROyMeHHH H nenopa3ymennsi mo>xeT BbI3bIBaTb

3T0 TIeTBepOCTHHIHe, HOKII3bIBaeT ripitmenaiing K nemy P. E. Flomnpnero: "Cnipana napeti — no-Bvi) nmomy, POCCHSI. ra.aAbi, 2aJlAb1 , npu3oeume

rly31Ce3e,mnb1x mamepeù! He HCK.THOIICHO, TITO 3TO pemillmcneminn "0:13aycm" FeTe. Cp.: "O MaTepn, 3oBy Ha nomoinb Bac!" (n. II, aKT 16, cn. "Phinapcxml 3an". Plep. E. H. FlacTepliaxa)". I 4

Ha Acne pera, KOHeqH0, OTIIKVHD ne O AFIKOBVIHIIbIX namepennzx cppainiy3oB 3BaTb CBOHX COOTelIeCTBeIIIIHKOB nepecensimcg B POCCHIO [!1, a O

cambix CITO 1114 ecm pacxo)Knx CeTOBalIPISIX, 11071C.VIIMHHbIX B HapPI>Ke Tpe-Tbeil pedny6nnKH: KaK H3BeCTHO, BO3BpaLLICIIHe BO (Dpitiinnio He3yHTOB (BMe-

cTe C 1,IX HIKOnaMH , xoTopme B cBoe Bpemg XBaSIHII na>ice BOIII,Tep, H nponumn an116yram11), peanhno npoinoineninee nHHIb B XX BeKe, Bce eine ocTana-noci, Torna ocTpoil TeMoiI; a "uapu", na3Bainibie TaK HO ananornn C napsimn, ripenniecmoBainnumn Plimexofi pecily6nince, — 3T0 , pa3ymeeTcz, noripocTy II3-

rnaimme g1411aCT1414, npenEie Beel-0 Byp6onm. ()num° zIepe3 airrnxii3npy1o1nee o6o3nanenne HX Kin( "uapell", T. e. "reges", 15 nexcnnecim nogroToBasieTcsi onpenensnoniasi )Be nocnenime CTpOKH OTCIATIKa K gpeBlIeMy PHMy. H ganbuie 'IHTaTeJII0 ripennaraemsi BCHOMHHTb, tITO CJIOBO "gailus", C KOTOpLIM

14BanoB nourpan elle pa3 B 3arnaBini nocnewien 113 "Flapim<cmix 3nnrpaMM", coBmeniano B ce6e Tpn manelizsi: "zarm", "nemyx", — 11 erge onno, BechMa peneBanmoe HMeHHO g.1151 3Toro KaTpena (n HO KOHTeKCTy nym — nym CKaH-

) anémoe, 1160 npencTaBnsuou(ee ranallmoro nemyxa OTIIaCTH xannynom). Reno B TOM, TITO 2a.11.11aAlli na3mBannch ociconneinibie ynacmonaBuine B HepeireCeIlHOM C BOCTOKa Tal0Ke H B PHM oprnacTnnecKom icynure KH6e-

BbI. 16 A ripmunianne "nyme3e.mnbtx Aunnepen" OTCHJIaeT, pa3ymeeTcsi, K 11me-

14 BWI. 11BaHoH, CTuxoTBopeHum. 1103mb1. TpareiiHm, c. 281.

15 ,E(0130.11bH0 1101-151THO eine, l'I'O 141303CMHble 10611TCJ1 11 11 3HaTOK11 pyccKoil c.noBe-CHOCTII IIOpON BnagaioT 13 cTaHgapTHoe HeRopa3ymeHme, 11pOCTHTCJIL,HbIM J1n 53 H 11X

o6pa3om rionaraz, 6yRTo C.110B0 "t}apb" o3HagaeT no-pyccKin, KaK Ha nuocTpammix 513b1KaX, poccmIcKoro moHapxa (Feli 11 3111 13H13 111 L1,e.naH nocTamisi, yebi, 13 cHoem nepeeoge cTpoKH (13 maHgenburramoBcKux CT11X013 O romepe — "Ha zoneeax t(apee 6o-

mecri1eetteae nera" — CT011b 3K30'111 1 1eCKOC 13 HCMCMKOMI KOHTCKCTe -ZUten", CJIOBHO

nepcona)Kii c LLI1IIKaMH MoHomaxa yxpurpwmcb Hmewarbcsi 13 TpostucKyR) Boiwy). VINI nplixoRwrcsi ❑ 1 1H0 pa31351C1151Tb, 1 IT0 no-pyccmi n 6416JlefiCKPle, 11 romepoBcKHe, n

apxammecKze gpcBuepmmcKme rocymapn limeHyiurcsi "«apiLial". TCM 60Jlee HCO)K11)12H-

HO HcTperwrb 3'1'0 KIlaCC11 1 1eCKOC 513bIKOBOC nem0pa3ymeHne y yBa>Kaemoro K0.11J1C131.

16 H 3331331HPIC 11X npoucxojklAsio, eCJI H Bcpwrb gpern-RINI VICT0 11H11KaM, OT Ha3BaHH 11

pemial B raJla11411 (M. A31153), nnaRaioakei4 OKOJ1O Flecomywra, newrpa Kynura Km6e.a4, 13 peKy Caurapid.

20 Cepzefi Aaeintnlíe(3

114 KH6e.rna "Benincaz MaTepb" H Hoo61IAe K mamemuromy opaKyny, Hepe-cica3aHHomy OHHAHem B "cl)acTax" (IV, 255-262):

...Post, ut Roma potens opibus iam secula quinque Vidit, et edomito sustulit orbe caput,

Carminis Euboici fatalia verba sacerdos Inspicit; inspectum tale fuisse ferunt:

"Mater abest: Matrem iubeo, Romane, requiras. Quum veniet, casta est accipienda manu".

Obscurae sortis patres ambagibus errant, Quaeve parens absit, quove petenda loco.

("3aTeM, KorAa PHM yx(e BPIACJI 1151Tb cToneTHII H B03BbIC14.3 rnaBy Hag ycmnpstembim MHpoM, — mcpen HpHMCTII.TI HeatHe cmoua 3u6dicKor4 IICCHH, H

FOB0p51T, CITO cnoHa 3TH 6bIJIH TaKHe: "MaTepH HeRocTaeT; BeJ110 Te6e, PHM-

J151HHH, 12.3b11I 14 MaTeph! KorAa )Ke mia npmeT, ee Aon>Kma Hpinisurb neno-myneHHan xnain, [T. e. pyKa conia — "ramial. H BOT ceHaTophi ragaioT TCMHOM peneHHH: KaKOft POJIPITCJIbHHIILI IICROCTaCT, B KaKOM MCCTC ee JEIOJDK-

HO FICKaTb?")

Ky.Trur manoamfAcKoil 6orHHH K116enbi (Mater deum Magna Idaea) 6b111

BBeRe11 Ho coseTy CHBHJ1111111b1X KI1HF ("366eticicoù necnu") 13 205/204 F. jI0 P. X. (H 549 r. OT OCII0BaHHH PHMa) Hoc.ne HCOJEIHOKpaTHOF0 1IaIICH1451 KamHeii C

He6a B PIIMC, Kyìla B necTb BOCTOTIHOil 6011411H 61Im HepeHeceil nepHmil meTeop 113 IICCCHIlyHTa. 3TOT HpKHIi 311H30II HCTOpHH MHOF060)K4151 B Beimom FopoTte gOBOnbH0 06CTOSITCJIbH0 HITIOACCH y THTa JIHuHm. 17 HeT Hago61IocTH HaTIOMIIIIaTb, KaK OTIIeT1111B0 HOMHHJI BCe 3T0 caM HO3T, CT0.111. HpHcrrammo 3aHllmaumnIcsi HCTOpHCfI 3KCTaTIIIICCKIIX Ky.TIbTOB rpexo-pnmcKoro mvipa. Ho OH mor paccimmmaTh Ha OCHeTIOMIleHHOCTb TaK}Ke 14 cooero THITaTCJI51: BCAL

Oungyni THITaJTH B FIIMHa31151X.

I4TaK, BC5I COJIL, B TOM, 11TO (ppm-mini yriago‘mon H menamosiHnecKoil nopm "fin du siècle" npegcTaioT KaK XJIaJtllble CKOIII);bl, upuroglime gJI51 KIT-6C1111HHa KynbTa. 18 B 3T06 aTMoccI)epe II0 11p1113bInKC CHIC BCUTC51 HenpHmerr-Ho membnaKlinHe TOJIKI4 O nonHTHKe, eine cTposucsi rulanw monapxHilecKlix

17 XXIX, 10-15. 1 KTo X0 31CT, MOACCT BC110MH11Tb cl3mrypb1 OKKyJIUTIACTCKIIX rypy, 6J111Cl'affillI1X 13

FlapmKe Tex neT, xoTm 6b1 )K. TlenaRama (1850-1915), npmcmommwero ce6e "Cui)", amTopa 19-Tommoro Tpyga noR xapalerepmeilamm 3arnammem "La décadence la-

tine", N MHOFIIX Rpyrmx. Be3 n0006mbix nepcoma>Keti mempegcTammma mapppmcmam a'I'Mocc3epa "teont(a aeleu".

CmpameniR 1411111aillh1 e noamat Bflqecnaea Heatwea 21

pecTanpaltml. Ho HapipKy, no MHCHHIO 1103Ta, HegocTaeT, TaK CKa3aTb,

MHCTIlileCKOH 3lleprenun. H BOT B HamsiTH scrunalaeT gpenHHil opaxyn: "Mater abest". flowicll Mamepu, xaK B AHH gpentiero PHma, npegnonaratoTez npencTosugHmH B KaKHX-TO 1131>KM 3CM.1151X; KTO-TO H3BIle II011)Kell BO3BpaTHTb

HpHymAnumm 2a.a.aam HnogoHocHoe, pomcgarowee 6oron

HHTepecHbH1 cartail Hanommtameil O TpCGOBaTenbHOCTH Bstn. 14BaII0Ba K H aKTHBHO ripH3mnatomell 3agymaThcst IlaH HHTC11.11eK-

TyalIbHb1M KOHTCKCTOM cnonocoiteTarum B opHrimane, gaeT paHHee CTHX0-

TsopeHlle 143 "Hpo3paimocTH", KoTopoe BocrieBaeT gepenbz H 03aITIaBJICHO

"RpHagm". B Hattane cTpoclmI mbt xarraem:

o6simn Hey3HaHliblX 60)KeCTB

CpCI1b 06e360)KeHH011 ripmpoabl!

3TH CTpOKH gOBOJILHO 06CTOSITCAbH0 o6cy>xgaeT 13 Hepuom TOMC CBOCFO

moHymeHTanbito 3agymaimoro TpyRa O pyCCKOM CHMBOJI113MC H313CCTIIIA an-CTIMACKHA JurrepaTyponeg A. A. FameH-J1éne. 1° Mb1 OCTaBIDICM B CTOp011e

mpaiuna HTOF: "Bis hie . her dominiert die Diabolik". Ho IICSIb3S1 He yAHEIHTLCSI Tomy, 'tra-) ymeHmil HCMCIIKOSI3b1I1H011 KynbTypht He Hgeirrim-PHHHpyeT xnaccit-tmetimeà> Hemegxoù HHTamt, Hpegnaratomeil ce6st xifiTaTento B cnonax o6 "o6e36o3Kenuoù npupoòe". 10 Ha gene CJ10Ba 3TH B331Tb1, KOHet1110, 113 dm4Hana 14-A crrpocPbi "Boros rpetm" ("Die Gótter Griechenlandes") IIIHnnepa. Hpit-negem BCIO eTpochy, H3o6pa>xatotgyto HpHcxop6Hoe cocTosnme HpHpogm nocne rH6enH ogymennsmutero ce gpemtero ~ha:

...Unhewusst der Freuden, die sie schenket, Nie entziickt von ihrer Herrlichkeit, Nie gewahr des Geistes, der sie lenket, Selger nie durch meine Seligkeit, Fiihllos selbst fiir ihrer Minstlers Ehre, Gleich dem toten Schlag der Pendeluhr, Dient sie knechtisch dem Gesetz der Schwere,

Die entgOtterte Natur.

19 Aage A. Hansen-Lòve, Der russische Symbolismus. System und Entfaltung der poetischen Motive. I. Band. Diabolischer Symbolismus. Wien, Verlag d. Esterreich-ischen Akademie d. Wissenschaften, 1989, S. 436.

20 B Kommewraptut P. E. Homtimero (WIT. najt., T. 2, c 286) liRel-ITHC1314Kawn utrra-Thl TaleKe arcyrernyer.

22

Cepzeti Aeepunnee

"He oc03nanasi paRocTri, xoTopylo olia *e Aapwr, He Boemangennasi CO6-

CTBCHHb1M BCJIHKOHCHHeM, He nyacTsyz Ayxa, KOTOpbIg e10 HpaBHT, He CTaHO-

BHCb 6,Ha)KeHHee OT MOCUO 6J1a)KeHCTBa, UCHyBCTBeHHaff K .IeCTII ee XyHO>K-

HVIKa, nemo6nasi mepmennomy 6010 B.TIeKOMbIX MaSITHHKOM tiacon, pa6cxn c.ny*Frr OHa 3axony THUOTeHHH, — 06e360*eimaa ripnpoRa".

OTMeTHM, .ITO (opmyna ocoGeHHo aanommiaenz tIHTaIouAemy III Hnnepa B 110HHHHHHKe, noTomy t-rro OHa KaK germe shmecena B aaseinnerme BOCbMH-

CTHIIIHOH cTpodnA. HO neo6bitmoe CHOBO "o6e360xeniibiti" 6bUIO 113BeCTHO B

11111JUIepOBCKOM KOHTCKCTe H Taxomy pyccxomy .111TaTeR10, KOTOpb111 He linTan no-nemewm, — XOTH 6b1 1,13 110.T1b30BaBIIICTOCSI ycnexo nepeBoga «eTa, rAe xoneg cTpocpbi 3By.IHT Tale: "Pa6CKH JIHIllb aaKony THFOTeHbff, I 06e360)KeH,

ClIyAGIT mnp". Bsin. Hsanon, nowznaThinaa MbICnb Blruinepa, ognospemenno genaeT

mpatinylo xapTxxy o6e36wiceiii-tori nplipoòbt KOHTpaCTHbIM CDOHOM H.1151

31114(1)aII1H COKpOBellHbIX ("Hey3Ficumbix") B 3ICIUMIX o&ccax gepeabes; Taxag noamilecicasi ripomegypa 3aCTaBSI1eT BCHOMHHTb HBaHOBCKy10 cpopmymy y*e 113 "Cor Ardens" I: "Ha Hely, U3 menoicopuozo, / Bocci'?" cesimoe dar. ffle TyT ynomsmyToe TO.T1bK0 .ITO npowrrnponammim cnemanvicTom Top*ecTno òucteormtnocnzu, He coacem >mio; HO 06 3TOM xa*Abui eygwr n0 caoemy. LITO

3AeCb 0.1eBHHHO, TaK 3TO ne c.nynailno nbipa*eimasi na 5I3b1Ke Beilmapcxoì) KRaCCHKH (H CTORb CBOHCTBelllIaH 060nm upoTaromicTam noenemeil!) HO-

cTambrHz HO npocTpancTny 3J1JIHHCKOPI MFICI)OHOPHVI. HpriTom 3.71,11HHCK0e

nopmanimbim Ansi Bsin. HBalloaa o6pa3om c6nn*aeTcm c 6n6neiicKHM; cAe.nano 3T0 onenb HeHaB513.1HBO — nepe3 yfloAo6.nenne RepeBben pimenti() B 11X ea-KpallbHOM cTaTyce He nemy-xn6yAb nnomy, a HMeHHO o6.accam. KaK HOMIIHT

J1K)60H iinTaTe.rm BeTxoro 3aBeTa, Mbl CHOBa BcTpenaem Tam ampaaprremb-nekuyio aCCOI1HaTHBHy10 CBS13b menly (caembim) o6.rialcom — 1I annenmeil Bo*ecTaa. 21

OneHb nifrepecxbdk o6lla*a1onydí tynxmonanbnyio p011b WITH-

poBaHHH y Bmq. HnanoBa, npeAcTammeT eTvixoTBopernie 1919 r. ",L(a, ceri

21 BOT HeCKOJ1 13K0 Bbl6paHHbIX ripamepoa: "Cawict rocnoònil ,F1811.11aCh e of-make"

(KH. Hcxoga 16, 10); "Comeri Focnoòb cto oGrunce" (Tam *e, 34, 5, H B KH. Macen 11, 25); "06.funco nanonnuito òo.m Focnoòenb" (3 KH. LI,apcTa 22, 12 n 2 KH. Flapana-110MeHOH 5, 13). R.112 Toro, Tro6b1 nonymwrb npemcTasneavie O FINH36b1TKe OTHOCB-

IneTOCH eroga maTepuana, npeRnaraem mwraTenro aarnaaym 13 T. H. "CHMCPOHH10", T. e. arptainfrilbdi yKaaaTenb K C1351111eHHOMy FILICaH1110, :la C.110B0 "o6naKo". YnommayTaz accogviaTpumaz CI3513b BoaapalaaeTca, KaK IlaMATHO Kankomy, 13 el3aHre.11bCKIIX °nuca-FINAX Flpeo6pa*eFata (EBaHr. OT MaT(Pea 9, 7; ar MapKa 9, 7; or JIyKii 9, 35).

Cmpamezuil «IlMaMbi e noaame Bfigeelia6a 1/Thanotia 23

Koctnep Mbl noòxtua.nu...". B TOT momeHT Bonpoc O KaTacTpodmitecKom xa-paxTepe, KOTOpb1fi HpHo6pena pyccxast HcTopHH, H O nOne BHHbI BO BCCM

cnyimButemcsi HHTCJIIIHreH111414 eCTeCTBeHHbIM o6pa3om He mor He HpoBoHH-poBaTb aepexTm Kpai3HeIi OCTp0Tbl. 1-103T, HpHxacanch K CTOnb Ncrytte'n Te-Me, 6But oco6eHHo o3a60neH )1(eCTICHM nHcItHwuninposatmem 3M0111414, yurpa-IleHHeM Bcero, =no noxonHT Ha HcTepHro, BCC palmo, HcTeptno OTIIaa111451 14J114

14CTepHIO 3114)optmecxylo; 22 C 3THM npmmo CBM3aI10 OCO6aH rycToTa HHTaT. HananbHme cnoBa — ceti Koctnep Mbl noòmuza.au, / H cooecrnb npa-

130 weopum..." — HpencTatulilloT C06011, KaK H3BeCTHO, ann10314I0 Ha CTpOKII

143 CTIIXOTBOpellHa 1'. 14. nynxoBa "Ho3Ty" (16 aBr. 1919): "...Beòb emecine Mbl C:X*112(14U ÒOM, Tòe npeòKu naluu qunno". HMeHHO Ilynxosy, anpecaTy HOCB51111CH1451, Bnit. 14BaHOB OTBetIaCT B nnanorHitectcoil pennifice. B cnenytontem xaTpelle MbI turraem:"0 cepòne-OenuKc!" — 3T14 cnoBa npencTa-BnnIOT C060i1 oTttacTH Herr° BpoRe aBT01.114TaTbb23 HO onHospemeHHo OTCMII-Ky K CTIIXOTBONH1410 FéTe "Bna)Kernioe TomneHne" ("Selige Sehnsucht"):

Sagt es niemand, nur den Weisen,

Weil die Menge gleich verhohnet,

Das Lebend'ge will ich preisen,

Das nach Flammentod sich sehnet.

[...] Und so lang du das nicht hast,

Dieses: Stirb und werde!

Bist du nur ein trtiber Gast

Auf der dunklen Erde.

"He roBopHTe 3TOr0, pane TOJIbKO mynpeitam, / noTomy TITO nepHB TOT-nac 63/neT nonmmam Ha cmex; / H xony BOCX131-11114Tb >KHBOC, / KOT0p0C cTpe-MIITC2 K ormetutoil cmepTH. / [...] 14 'mica B Te6e FICT 3Toro: / "yMpH 14 1303-

pORI4Cb!" — / Tbl acero J1141111, yribuudi rourb Ha TeMHOil 3eMJIC".

Ilpononwaem pa36op I114TaT. cyò npue.iuui e nemeAanno.m, / To- 6010 61313601/1110M c.ape", — HaMCK Ha npyroe CTIIXOTB0pC1114e Toro )Ke FeTC, a

22 3a6o'ry O BHy1'13CHHCil ANCLU411.1114He — TOr1H0 nowtepktmaer okpaweHHblil K0.110-

pwrHofi awrnnameit K no3Ty Rok.ria)t B. ClartepHoro Ha VII (BeHckom) Me*RyHa-

poitHom cfmno3Hyste, o3arnatmeHHb11i: "O CIAMB051143MC B. 14BaHoHa" (ony6m4KoHaH 13

ma'repHanax cHmnoanyma: BwiecnaH VIBBHOB H ero Hpemm, Wien 2002, e. 349-369, o6

3TOM CTIIXOTB0pCHIM — C. 361-362).

23 3'1'0 HOCTOZHI-10 noltpa3ymeHaembul M0'11,113 BCCX HapHanwl Ha Temy "coAnt(e-cepòt(e" H 'I'. n. B "Cor Ardens".

24

Cepzeti Aeepurtwe

HmeHHo, Ha 6a.rumAy "Yuenuic uapoòen" ("Der Zauberlehrling"), rAe HeocTo- powimil HOBWIOK B MaPVITICCKHX AeficTBax Tempri' 6eAm OT HaKJIHICallHOF0 HM

cammm gemoHa, xoTopmft BCCJIHJICH 13 se" "Knzo pa38a3a✓l 30406 Mex" - HmeeTcH B HHAy Tema ~oro arunoija "Oòucceu" (X, 28-55): CllyTHIIKH

ORVICCeSI, cHegaemme >xamocTmo, pa31323bIBalOT MaITIIICCKHH mex, AaHHbIIi HX

HperwoRHTemo 3onom H CBH3bIl3a1OLLIVIPI cHny Bcex HeTpos, xpome 3ec»ipa, a Hocne, campi )xe HammxaH Ha CBOH ronosm 6ypio, maHogyumo "cmeuatom" (X, 55: cstevecxovzo S'étaipot). "Iloém Tpazeòuu: "Bcé zpex, / ■-lr110 6GUIR òeem"; 3)E1eCb omeHigHbim o6pa3oM VIMCCTCSI B mmy xopoaaa IleCHb 3cxHJIa, roHopH-man o myxax AramemHoHa, xoTopomy opaxyn senen 3aKlIaTb HCIIPITCHHIO:

...Papéia pèv xfip 'CÒ pr1 icteéaOcci, Papcla 3 . ci téxvov &go), .56pcov Ciyakita, plaívuiv itapeevoachayotatv PcíOpoig natpo,Soug xépag néXiag [3(opoii. Tí TélivE; Cíveu KaK(6v;...

"...1. 51>KKO gJISI cewma OKa3aTb HCIMBHHOBellile, HO TH}KKO H ROTh, yKpaineHHe Roma, urgoscicHmli pyxamli npegan, Ha anTaph gasi 3axnaHHH. 1-1To xce mech Bne 3.3a?" (Agam. 206-211).

Hy, a HOCJIC FeTe H HO3TOB 3.n.nagbi MbI BlipaBC 0)1(HIkaTb ornsigicH Ha ROCTOCBCKOPO; H HOR KOHCH MbI CC Haxomm. "Bce 3a ecex!" — 3T0, KOHetIHO,

3X0 ripegcmepTHoro Ha3H)RaHHH cTapHa 3ocHmm, To'iHee, TCX ero CJIOB, KOTO-

phie 6bIJIH oco6mmo Roporll 13HH. 14BaH0By VI MHOPOKpaTHO HM ripsimo VIJIVI

KOCI3e11130 grrimposanHcb: "...116o 3Haúnie, MUJible, unzo Kaiocòbui eòtmbin U3

uac 6W-106e1-1 3a ecex u 3a 6CR Ha 3eAme fleCOMHCW -10... " . 24

B 3TOM CTIIXOTBOKIIVIH OCO6eHHO omyTHmo TO, TITO MLI BcTpenaem y Bsri. HBaHosa Ha xa)mom mary: HOJIHOC 3HaHHC TOTO, LITO Bce cnosa, B cym-HOCTH, CKa3aHbI, LITO Kanwe CJIOBO — mrraTa, HO oAHoHpemeHHo HOJIHOe OT-

cyTcTffile TOPO AeCTpyKTHBH0r0 HaApbma, 6e3 xoToporo mixorga He o6xow4TcH ycHoeHHe, xa3anoch 6m, Toro )Ke camoro 3HaH1151 nocTmoRepHom; HanpoTHB,

24 "Bpa'I'bI KapaMa3oBbl", q. 11, KH. 4, rn. 1 (4). M. ROCTOeBCKHfi, rIonHoe co6paiie CO'IMHCH1411 B TpHniiaTH Tomax, T. 14, II. 1976, c. 149). B Ha6pocicax K "EpaTbsim KapaMa3oBbIM" MI31 Hc-rpegaem oco6eHHo c*anno chopmymipoincy, Hep6anbHo npi-6nipKa1ouiyiecH K narninapHocui cooTHercTHrouímx CJ]OB y BH4. 1,1BaHoHa: "M:m< aa

ecex eutweam" Cram *e, T. 15, e. 250). — B ynommHyrom Bblllle Romane B. IlanepHoro (O cHmHonirime B. 1/1BaHosa, e. 361) wiTaTa, xaK Ka*ercz, He y3HaHa, 14 cnosam "ece 3(1

ecex" npunaH CMbICR elsa nH He o6par1'Hbn1 (OTBeTCTBeHHOCTb He Ho3naraeTcH Ha ce6H, a "nepemaòbteaemcR" Ha "ecex").

Cmpamezusi witnambt e nea3uu Thi ,tecnaaa Pleanoaa 25

3IIaHHe 3TO nepe)KrumeTcsa arsTopom H III1TaTe1IeM xax gricinranininpyloinee, gaiouree HeKyI0 cmech CTpOrOCTI4 11 60)11pOCTH, 110CTM011Ieplly a6C01110THO Liy>K- rayio. 06a, Il awrop H mirTaTenh, B camom TO'IHOM cmbierae cTaporo Hrallo-maTinecicoro Hhipa)Keling nocmaa.aenbi Ha .iiccnio: He e Hac Hananoch, He Hamir

Ha 3TOM MO>KHO 6b1 H KOHIII1Tb. HO OTMeTHM B 3ax.ruoneHrie .nlo6oHhIT-HbIIi nporiegypbi "uumupoaanun" He B Halincaimom, a 13 >i<H3Hemiom, riepe)KHHaemom, gelleTheI1110 ripoHrphmaemom "nieKcnie". 13 "Awro6Horpatim" Monceii AnbTmaria 25 Mbl tlwraem, KaK BMLI. Hriarios rimunera K CeMefICTBy

AnurmaHon Ha nacxarabHbui cegep:

"...Bspiecnan, nprigsi K Ham B gom, BCCM Hepera y>KHHOM yMbIJI pyx11 H paccxa3an O TOM, KaK 011 BCIO )1C14311b 6b1J1 Hprimemibim Cb1110M 11 [poraviTenefi] BO BCCM C.T1y1.11a11C51. HO 011 110111061111 geHyancy 11, XOTS1 pORIITCJII4 6b1:114 npoTHH 11X 6.111130CT11, C Heir' coneTancm. Ho BOT Ha CeMeI11IbIIi npa3g11ix ero ripHrraa-cHnu pogriTenri, ero, Ho 6e3 Hee. OH eripocrin y ›Kel1b1, gora)Keii AH Oli Hoiírii. "Rommeii, — cxa3ana — menz TBOH pomi-reni' ne 06rigwr, a Tb1, eCJIH K

I1HM ne ripirgemb, HX 06riginnb". H BOT 011 ripHinen, KaK C13111 K pORIITCJI 11M, KaK

MJIag1111111 K errami", ir BCCM 011, 110-Cb1110BbH, MOCT pymr". 26

H3)EIaTenb I1 KOMMel1TaTOp K. 10. Jlainio-RaiinneuxHil I1011 5111 3TOT "pac-cKa3" BMiI. HHaitoBa, TaK exa3aTb, peaJIIICTFPleCK11, B KOIITeKCTC 113BeCTIILIX

06CTOSITeJ1bCTB nepnoro 6paKa 1103Ta, H 3T0 no6yravino ero OTMeTliTb, TITO

TeKCT )10.11)KeI1 Bbl3BaTI, "e abictueú cnienenu nacniopo»ccnnoc onulowenue". 27

ECTI, 1111, oraHaxo, KoliTexcTyanbilan BO3M0>K110CTb noiiHmaTh rionecTHoriainie TaK 6yicHa1Iimo? Begb olio 3aBeflinaeTcsi cnonamH: "Il (301'71 ou npuluerz, KaK

C19111 K poòurnermi, KaK mitadunai K cniapulum, ll 8CCA1 011, no Cb11106b11, .1110C171

pyKu": 3T0 He O TOM, ‘ITO 6b1110 Korga-TO, 3TO O TOM, TITO iiponcxogHT B

MOMeHT, Ha eegepe. Begb cirryarinsi — Cyry6o o6p5igolia5, H Bspi. HHalioH aKTHBI1O BX0)114T B Hrpy, 0M1,113a11 pyKll riacTinixam cegepa, TITO C 0;111011

CT0p011b1 CM14pe11110, a c rapyroil — pncKOBallno, HoTomy nTO KTO pa3perunra He-ei3peio Boo6ine SITO-TO TyT genam, Bbnia51 113 parin Haccinnio JII060311a-

TeJlb1101-0 3p11TeJ111? Hy, a y>x pa3 011 113 Hee BbIL11e11, ROBOJEDLIO eCTeCTBellHO

0)KHRaT13, B XOTI 110PIReT Hmriponri3Hpyemmir maluarz, 28 ‘1TO-TO B CTHJIC

nacxambHoil ~dr'', H HpriTom HMeHliO Ha TM gliz, T. e. B gaimom cnyriae Ha

25 B mi.: M. C. AnbTmaH, Pa3roBopbl c B5,14. HBa1-10131,INI, CI1B 1995, c. 286-315.

26 Tam *e, c. 313.

27 Tan *e, c. 354: npejoaraercm BCF10M1-11,1Tb, 4TO Ko [Temerai AcemiTb6b] Bsra. IlBa-

HOBa ero oma Ramio He 661.110 13 )KHBbIX, 11 T. o. 28 ap. "npumqa".

26

Cepzeti Attepuntett

Temy HINICyTCTBHa xpilernamma Ha HygaBCTCKOM Hpa3BHHKe: MOHOHaa )KeBa

roBopmgero, T. e. ero HoBo3aBeman Bepa, pa3peumna emy OCTaBHTb ee

Roma, pigH B rOCTH K cmaptuum — T. e. K BeTxoMy 3aBeTy. 29 )Kallp matua✓za HOCTaT0 11H0 Tornio yraRali H BBIRep)maB. 30

29 MO)KHO BC110MFIFITb 110 ananornm namepenno "110KpOBIITCJIbCTBeHHOe" o6o3na-

4ellne xpocTmancTaa KaK Tochterreligion, ynoTpe6nantneeca B npmnaTnEdx pa3ronopax

ORFIHM 113BeCTHUM HeMCIAKI4M npocheccopom, KaK aTo Ha3b1Ba..110Cb Torga, israeli-

tischer Konfession ( "113pallAbeK020 trepoucnotteòarmR); aTa geTanb, ynomfinaemaz,

me>Kgy nponnm, B memyapax BH.namowlga-Me.n.nefigopcha, HCCOMHe111-10 coxpananacb

npocheccoonanbnum char1bK.710p0M HeMelAKI4X mccnegonaTeneil aHT414HOCTII 14 B np-

muntine mor.na CTWI'b 113BCCTHa 135I4. IlBaHOBy ein,e B 6b1rnourb ero crygenTom.

30 Cp. nonbuKy mrparb no npannnam eBpelicKoro mginpaina B pa3ronope c M. C.

ASIbTMaHOM OT 24 ani-. 1921 (Paaronophi e BA4. VlBaHOBbIM, C. 75), eM14HCTBeHHOl1

cs1a6ocTbio Koei OKa3a110Cb panne Tro neananne nnpwra (11OCKOJIbKy cyweernm-

Tenbnoe hazot 3'1'14M01101144eCK14 CB513aHO C l4 eeI "cepet)unbi/nonoeunbt"14 He nmeeT

Hniero oftnero C '114C.TIOM 12); *anponble npamina J11060BHO C06J140)1eFlb1 H agecb.