3rd Meeting of the UNEP Global Partnership for Mercury Air Transport and Fate Research - A concerted Action to Support the UNEP-GC Decisions - Nicola Pirrone

3rd Meeting of the 3rd Meeting of the UNEP Global Partnership for Mercury Air Transport and Fate Research UNEP Global Partnership for Mercury Air Transport and Fate Research

- A concerted Action to Support the UNEP-GC Decisions -- A concerted Action to Support the UNEP-GC Decisions -

Nicola PirroneCNR-Institute for Atmospheric Pollution, Rende, Italy

U.S.EPA, Washington DC, USA10-11 October 2007

C.N.R. Institute for Atmospheric Pollution, Division of Rende, Italyhttp://www.cs.iia.cnr.it/

Purposes of the meetingPurposes of the meeting


Partnership matters: Continue further development of F&T plan/ organizational issues; Further identify functions and priorities for F&T; Share information on ongoing projects and cooperation with

UNECE-HTAP Explore development of new joint projects Prepare status report to UNEP

F&T Report Refine Plan to develop a F&T report on emissions, monitoring and

modeling that will assist UNEP in preparation of an Emission Report called for by the February 2007 UNEP GC.

F&T is an evolving non-binding organized global effort focused on research on emissions, atmospheric transport/ transformation and deposition

F&T includes both scientists and policymakers from both public and private sectors

One of 5 UNEP mercury Partnerships recently initiated in accordance with UNEP GC decisions

Like other mercury partnerships, embodies principles of collaboration, information sharing and good communication

Introducing the Partnership


Partners: Canada, China, Italy (lead), Japan, Slovenia, South Africa, United States (includes EPRI, NRDC, academia), South Korea, UNEP

Work plan: An initial work plan for the Partnership has been posted at the F&T website: http://www.cs.iia.cnr.it/UNEP-MFTP

Introducing the Partnership, cont’d


Overview of F&T ObjectivesOverview of F&T Objectives

Accelerate the development of sound scientific information on the global atmospheric mercury cycling and its patterns (e.g., air concentrations and deposition rates, mechanisms of air transport/transformation, air-water exchange, Hg chemistry in the MBL);

Enhance sharing of such information among scientists and between them and policymakers;

Provide technical assistance and training, where possible, to support the development of critical information.


Establishment of regional air transport and fate collaborative research programs.

Coordination and conduct of critical research on national/ regional/global scales that could contribute to a better understanding of the atmospheric transport and environmental fate of mercury emissions;

Development of related data sets and tools,

Overview of F&T Objectives, cont’dOverview of F&T Objectives, cont’d


Coordination with various organizations and programs (I.e., GEOSS, IGBP-IGAC, IGBP-SOLAS, WHO, UNECE-HTAP);

Coordination and training among international organizations and individual countries to achieve:

methods/modeling harmonization;

development of model intercomparison studies, sensitivity analyses and research strategies (national, regional, global) for addressing global cycling and transport; and

increased awareness and information transfer of global cycling in risk management decision-making.

Overview of F&T Objectives, cont’d Overview of F&T Objectives, cont’d


UNEP GC decision 22/4 V urges … “ National, Regional and Global actions, both immediate and long-term should be

initiated as soon as possible and urged all countries to adopt goals and take national actions, as appropriate, with the

objective of identifying exposed populations and ecosystems, and reducing anthropogenic mercury releases that impact

human health and the environment ”

2222ndnd Session of the UN Governing Council Session of the UN Governing Council - - Nairobi,Nairobi, February 2003 -February 2003 -

- Decision 22/4 V on Mercury Programme -- Decision 22/4 V on Mercury Programme -


Over 40 invited speakers

From 13 countries

Sponsored by USEPA & CNR-IIA

Hg Workshop in Maratea, Italy – May 2004Hg Workshop in Maratea, Italy – May 2004


UNEP GC decision 23/9 IV urges ..… “ Governments, intergovernmental and NGOs and the private sector to develop and

implement partnerships as one approach to reducing the risks to human health and the environment caused from the release of

mercury to the environment “

2323rdrd Session of the UN Governing Council Session of the UN Governing Council - - Nairobi,Nairobi, February 2005 -February 2005 -

- Decision 23/9 IV on Mercury Programme -- Decision 23/9 IV on Mercury Programme -


UNEP GC decision 24/3 IV: Recognizes that current efforts to reduce risks from mercury are not

sufficient to address the global challenges posed by mercury;

Concludes, therefore, that further long-term international action is required to reduce risks to human health and the environment and that, for this reason, the options of enhanced voluntary measures and new or existing international legal instruments will be reviewed and assessed in order to make progress in addressing this issue;

Requests the Executive Director, working in consultation with Governments and other stakeholders, to strengthen the United Nations Environment Programme mercury programme partnerships by:

UNEP to develop an overarching framework for the partnerships, including goals, business plans, operational guidelines;

UNEP called upon to develop new partnership areas: vinyl chloride, non-ferrous metals, and incineration

2424thth Session of the UN Governing Council Session of the UN Governing Council - - Nairobi,Nairobi, February 2007 -February 2007 -



UNEP GC decision 24/3 IV, cont’d:

Requests the Executive Director to prepare a report, drawing on, among other things, ongoing work in other forums addressing:

Atmospheric emissions, and Site-based contamination

Atmospheric Emissions:Atmospheric Emissions:

(a) Best available data on mercury emissions and trends including where possible an analysis by country, region and sector, including a consideration of factors driving such trends and applicable regulatory mechanisms;

(b) Current results from modelling on a global scale and from other information sources on the contribution of regional emissions to deposition which may result in adverse effects and the potential benefits from reducing such emissions, taking into account the efforts of the Fate and Transport partnership established under the United Nations Environment Programme mercury programme;

(c) An overview of sector-based best practices for reducing mercury emissions, including costs where possible and an evaluation of emission reduction scenarios

2424thth Session of the UN Governing Council Session of the UN Governing Council - - Nairobi,Nairobi, February 2007 -February 2007 -



Overview of F&T Development to DateOverview of F&T Development to Date

F&T started by US in 2005 Italy accepted to lead the F&T (2006) F&T website established in 2006 F&T Meetings:

August 2006, Madison, USA: information meeting January 2007, Ottawa, Canada: business meeting October 2007, Washington DC: UNEP report & Future plans

Preparation of the F&T work plan for the UNEP report including rational and F&T report outline – discussed within the partnership and proposed to UNEP.

Close cooperation with UNECE-HTAP


Overview of F&T Development to DateOverview of F&T Development to Date, , cont’dcont’d

Meetings of the F&T Leader with UNEP (June, Sept 2007)

Leading and co-Authors of each chapter of the F&T report contacted (July/Aug 2007);

F&T Leader provided the template and instructions to authors for the preparation of the F&T report’s chapters.

Input to UNEP on the overall structure of the UNEP Report (Sept 2007)

Preparation of the joint F&T and UNECE-HTAP workshop in 2008 in Rome.


Continue with specific collaborative regional/national projects.

F&T will support UNEP in the coordinating committee that will oversee the preparation of the UNEP report to the next GC in 2009.

Partnership meeting and joint F&T- UNECE-HTAP workshop in April 2008, in Italy.

Prepare a report in 2008 as contribution to the UNEP report providing up to date information on emissions, transport, transformation and deposition of mercury since UNEP's 2002 Global Mercury Assessment.

F&T Workplan for 2007-2009F&T Workplan for 2007-2009


Executive SummaryDrafters: Nicola Pirrone, Robert Mason

Conclusions Drafters: Nicola Pirrone, Robert Mason

PART-I: Sources of Mercury Released to the Atmosphere

Summary: It will provide key information reported in Part-1 and will highlight current gaps and advances made since the UNEP 2002 report, uncertainty evaluation and policy questions being addressed

Drafter: Nicola Pirrone

Chapter-1: Overview of global mercury emissions from point and diffuse sources. Authors: Nicola Pirrone, Sergio Cinnirella, et al.

Chapter-2: Mercury emissions from coal combustion in China.Authors: David Street, Jiming Hao

F&T ReportF&T Report- Table of Content -- Table of Content -


PART-I: Sources of mercury released to the atmosphere, cont’d

Chapter-3: Mercury emissions from industrial sources in China.Authors: Xinbin Feng et al.

Chapter-4: Mercury emissions from point sources in IndiaAuthors: to be confirmed

Chapter-5: Mercury Emissions from artisanal gold mining by region.Authors: Marcello Vega, Kevin Telmer

Chapter-6: Mercury fluxes from major natural sources including soil, ocean, forest and volcanoes by region

Authors: Rob Mason et al.

Chapter-7: Spatial and Temporal distributions of mercury emissions from forest fires by region

Authors: Hans Friedli, Sergio Cinnirella, Nicola Pirrone



PART-II: Spatial Coverage and Temporal Trends of Mercury Measurements


Drafter: Robert Mason

Chapter-8: Spatial coverage and temporal trends of land-based atmospheric mercury measurements in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.

Author(s): Ralf Ebinghaus, Gerald J. Keeler, Matt Landis, Francesca Sprovieri, Dan Jeffy, Nicola Pirrone

Chapter-9 Spatial coverage and temporal trends of atmospheric mercury measurements in the Polar regions.

Author(s): Christofe Ferrari, Aurelien Dommergue, Alexandra Steffen, Francesca Sprovieri



PART-II: Spatial Coverage and Temporal Trends of Mercury Measurements, cont’d

Chapter-10: Spatial coverage and temporal trends of over-water, surface, air-surface exchange and deep sea water mercury measurements.

Author(s): Milena Horvat, Francesca Sprovieri, Robert Mason, Nicola Pirrone

Chapter-11: The need for a global coordinated monitoring network for global and regional models validation

Author(s): Gerald J. Keeler, Nicola Pirrone, Russell Bullock



PART-III: Understanding Atmospheric Mercury on Hemispheric and Global Scales


Drafter: Nicola Pirrone

Chapter-12: The need to develop a globally common framework for source-receptor assessments.

Author(s): Nicola Pirrone, Daniel Jacob

Charter-13: Our current understanding of major chemical and physical processes affecting mercury dynamics in the atmosphere and at the air-water/terrestrial interfaces.

Author(s): Tony Hynes, Ian M. Hedgecock, Michael E. Goodsite



PART-III: Understanding Atmospheric Mercury on Hemispheric and Global Scales, cont’d

Chapter-14: Futures and limitations of regional scale models for assessing source-receptor relationships.

Author(s): Russel Bullock

Chapter-15: The Global Atmospheric Mercury Model by CanadaAuthor(s): Ashu Dastoor

Chapter-16: The Global Atmospheric Mercury Model by DenmarkAuthor(s): Jesper Christensen (not confirmed yet)

Chapter-17: The GEOSS-Chem Model Author(s): Lyatt Jaeglé, Daniel Jacob



PART-III: Understanding Atmospheric Mercury on Hemispheric and Global Scales, cont’d

Chapter-18: The ECHMERIT ModelAuthor(s): Gerlinde Jung, Ian Hedgecock, Nicola Pirrone

Chapter-19: The EMEP-MSC East Global Mercury Model Author(s): Oleg Travnikov, Sergey Dutchak

Chapter-20: The CTM-Hg Model Author(s): Christian Seigneur



Templates for preparing the chapters have been provided to Leading Authors as well as to co-authors (Sept 2007).

Leading authors have been encouraged to split the work among the co-authors and make sure that all key information are reported as much as possible in tables and figures – this will allow a direct use into the UNEP report.

The deadline set and agreed with authors is 31 January 2007 for the first draft.

All chapters will be made available to UNEP for the preparation of the overall UNEP report along with other reports that other organisations and parties will submit (i.e., AMAP).

The draft of the F&T report will be reviewed at the joint F&T and UNECE-HTAP workshop to be held in Rome in April 2008.

F&T ReportF&T Report- Timetable and Workplan -- Timetable and Workplan -


After the April 2008 workshop in Rome, the F&T report will be reviewed accordingly.

The Leader of the F&T being member of the UNEP Coordinating Committee will make sure that the revised content of the F&T report will be reflected in the overall UNEP report.

The final F&T report will be made available by the end of May early June 2008.

UNEP will send to “the Parties” the UNEP report along with F&T report as well as other reports.

F&T in cooperation with the Leading authors of each chapters will evaluate the publication of the report to a broader public through different channels including a book or/and peer-reviewed journal articles. No conflicting interests have been identified.



Canada

China

Denmark

France

Germany

Italy

Russia

Slovenia

USA



Documents

3rd Meeting of the UNEP Global Partnership for Mercury Air Transport and Fate Research - A concerted Action to Support the UNEP-GC Decisions - Nicola Pirrone