4 октября 1957 года наша страна запустила на орбиту первый искусственный спутник Земли (Спутник-1). Он находился на орбите 92 дня с 4 октября 1957 года по 4 января 1958 года, за этот период совершил 1400 оборотов вокруг Земли. На каждый виток вокруг Земли уходило около 100 минут. Затем спутник сгорел в атмосфере Земли.

20 августа 1960 года в космос летали собаки Белка и Стрелка, это были первые животные, которые благополучно вернулись из космического полета. После суточного полета они были возвращены на Землю в катапультируемой капсуле и стали мировыми знаменитостями.

Лайка

12 апреля 1961 года в 9 часов 7 минут Советский Союз вывел на орбиту Земли космический корабль-спутник «Восток» с

человеком на борту.

Юрий Алексеевич ГагаринЮрий Алексеевич Гагарин

International International Space StationSpace Station

Living Up inLiving Up in

SpaceSpace 2011

contentscontentsThe first ISSThe first ISSMicrogravity is funMicrogravity is fun““Chicken legs” Chicken legs” Space foodSpace foodSpace suitSpace suitKeeping cleanKeeping cleanWork and playWork and playPlanetsPlanetsSpaceships Spaceships

The first crew (Sergey Krikalev,The first crew (Sergey Krikalev,

Bill Shepherd,Bill Shepherd,

Yuri Gidxenko) entered the station in 2000.Yuri Gidxenko) entered the station in 2000.

Salyut 1.Salyut 1.

Fifty years ago, Fifty years ago, space space stations seemed totallystations seemed totally impossible.impossible. Then, Then, after the ‘possible but after the ‘possible but not worth doing’ not worth doing’ stage, the very first stage, the very first space station,space station, Salyut Salyut 1, was made in Russia.1, was made in Russia. It went up in space in It went up in space in 1971 and was in orbit 1971 and was in orbit for about 6 months. for about 6 months.

New wordsNew wordsTo be worth doing To be worth doing – заслуживает – заслуживает

вниманиявниманияTotallyTotally - совершенно - совершенноTo launchTo launch - запускать - запускатьTo circleTo circle - вращаться, обходить вокруг - вращаться, обходить вокругHugeHuge - громадный - громадныйTeamTeam - команда - командаCrew Crew - экипаж- экипаж

DiseaseDisease - - болезньболезньCosmonautCosmonaut - - космонавткосмонавтAstronautAstronaut - астронавт - астронавтBreathtakinglyBreathtakingly - потрясающе - потрясающеModuleModule - модуль - модульNodeNode - стыковочный узел - стыковочный узелStorageStorage - склад - складVehicle Vehicle - транспортное средство - транспортное средствоEmergencyEmergency - крайняя необходимость - крайняя необходимость

Space terminologySpace terminologyOrbit Orbit - орбита - орбита MicrogravityMicrogravity - состояние невесомости - состояние невесомостиGravityGravity - сила притяжения - сила притяженияCosmonaut Cosmonaut - космонавт - космонавтAstronaut Astronaut -астронавт -астронавтNode Node -стыковочный узел -стыковочный узелModule Module - модуль - модульSpace station Space station – космическая станция– космическая станция The universeThe universe - вселенная - вселеннаяSolar Solar systemsystem - солнечная система - солнечная система

Special foamSpecial foam – специальная пена – специальная пенаUnmanned Unmanned - беспилотный - беспилотныйResident Resident - житель - житель станциистанцииTo floatTo float - плавать - плавать To flip To flip - кувыркаться - кувыркатьсяDroplet Droplet - капелька - капелькаOrbitingOrbiting - вращение по орбите - вращение по орбитеStream of air – Stream of air – поток воздухапоток воздуха

В апреле 1971 года в космосе появилась первая в мире советская долговременная

 орбитальная   станция  «Салют».

Многоцелевой пилотируемый комплекс "Мир", с шестью стыковочными узлами —

запуск на орбиту состоялся 20 февраля в 00 ч 28 мин 23 с 1986 года.

Международная Космическая Станция (МКС) – это крупнейший проект мирного использования научно-

технического потенциала, накопленного человечеством на рубеже XXI века.

Mir Mir

MirMir was launched in 1986 and circled our planet for 10 years. was launched in 1986 and circled our planet for 10 years. Now, Now, the first ‘city in space’,the first ‘city in space’, thethe International Space StationInternational Space Station (ISS)(ISS) is already orbiting the Earth. The ISS is a huge team is already orbiting the Earth. The ISS is a huge team effort of Russia, the United States, Japan, Canada, Brazil, and effort of Russia, the United States, Japan, Canada, Brazil, and 11 European countries 11 European countries that make up the European Space that make up the European Space Agency. Agency.

Microgravity means a very small degree of gravity or gravitational force. The prefix ‘micro’ comes from the Latin word meaning ‘one-millionth’

Microgravity. Microgravity.

Perhaps the most important Perhaps the most important benefit is that the space benefit is that the space station allows humans to live station allows humans to live and study for long periods in and study for long periods in microgravity, or microgravity, or ‘weightlessness’. ‘weightlessness’.

The microgravity condition The microgravity condition will allow scientists to create will allow scientists to create new materials, lighter and new materials, lighter and stronger metals, and find stronger metals, and find new treatments for new treatments for incurable diseases.incurable diseases.

Many cosmonauts and astronauts say that microgravity is ‘the greatest fun of their life’.‘the greatest fun of their life’. But they have to eat, sleep and use the toilet in a different way!

Cosmonauts and astronauts who spend long periods of time in space must do a lot of exercising. If they don’t, they’ll get skinny ‘chicken legs.’ This is because the body fluids that normally get pulled down to their legs are spread throughout the body in microgravity.

Meet Sergei Krikalev. He has spent more time in space that any other human being – 803 days and 9 hours and 39 minutes!

The ISS’s residents have a wide variety of tasty foods that are a lot like what you eat every day. Actually, space food is getting better and better.

One day cosmonauts hope to grow fresh fruit and vegetables in space.

Space tourist Charles Simonyi is dressed in a Russian Sokol space suit. Charles spent 14 days on the ISS in April, 2007.

Cosmonaut Yury V. Usachev prepares to shave. He uses a special foam.

The station lavatory is a Russian model that works like a vacuum cleaner.

Space residents use special shampoos to wash their hair. These shampoos don’t need to be washed off with water.

This is how water droplets look like in

microgravity.

These plants were grown on the ISS.

Cosmonaut Mikhail Tyurin used to play the guitar after a hard day’s work.

Christmas and New Year decorations in the Zvezda module.

Of course, the ISS will allow us to watch and better understand our own planet. Cosmonauts and astronauts say it’s breathtakingly beautiful!

This is how our planet looks like at twilight.

The names of the planetsMercury - МеркурийNeptune - НептунSaturn - СатурнMars - МарсVenus - ВенераUranus - УранJupiter - ЮпитерEarth - ЗемляPluto - Плутон

Spaceships and stations

Vostok MirSoyuzSalyutISSApolloDiscoveryShuttle

Quiz1 The first space station was made in …

a) Canada b) the USA c) Russia

2The ISS is … a)city in space b) town in space c) village in space

3 Microgravity means a very … degree of gravity

a) big b) small c) great

4 If cosmonauts and astronauts don’t do a lot of exercising, they’ll get skinny … a)duck legs b) chicken legs c)goose legs

5 “Mir”, “Salyut” are …. Stations a)Japan b) Brazil c) Russia

6 The station has … a)shower b) sink c) ‘wetted towels’

7. Living in microgravity is … a) fun b) bad c) impossible

Thanks a lot for attention!

Keys : 1c, 2a, 3b, 4b, 5c, 6c, 7a.