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CISCO IOS

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Functions of Cisco IOSBasic Connectivity

Security

Network Management

Runs on most of the Cisco Routers andincreasingly on Cisco Switches

Recognize, Classify & Prioritize NetworkTrafficOptimize RoutingSupport Voice & Video Applications

and many more

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Cisco IOS Releases

Cisco IOS Release 12.2Cisco IOS Release 12.1Cisco IOS Release 12.0

Cisco IOS Release 11.3Cisco IOS Release 11.2Cisco IOS Release 11.1Cisco IOS Release 11.0Cisco IOS Release 10.3Cisco IOS Release 10.2Cisco IOS Release 10.1Cisco IOS Release 10.0

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Cisco IOS User Interfaces

Command Line Interface (CLI)

Primary user interface used to configure, monitor and maintain Cisco devices.

Used to directly execute IOS commands usingrouter console, terminal or remote access.

Setup ModeGuides a user through the first-time configuration of

a Cisco deviceCan be used later as well by running the setupcommand

Useful when not familiar with Cisco products andCLI as it prompts for information required

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Cisco IOS User Interfaces (Cont.)

Auto-install Mode

Auto-Install process begins any time a Cisco IOSsoftware-based device is turned on and a validconfiguration file is not found in nonvolatilerandom-access memory (NVRAM).

It allows to connect a new Cisco device in anetwork and have configured it automatically froma pre-existing configuration file.

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Web Browser User Interface

Cisco IOS Web browser UI is accessed from the

router home page, and can be customized for your business environment .

Cisco IOS commands can be issued from

Web browser user interface.

Cisco IOS User Interfaces (Cont.)

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Using Command Line Interface

Cisco IOS command-line interface is dividedinto different command modes .

Each command mode has its own set of commands available for the configuration,maintenance, and monitoring of router andnetwork operations.

Entering a question mark ( ? ) at the systemprompt (router prompt) allows you to obtaina list of commands available for each

command mode.

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Using Command Line Interface

Standard order that a user would access themodes is as follows:

User EXEC mode

Global Configuration mode

Specific Configuration mode

Privileged EXEC mode

Configuration sub-modes

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User EXEC Mode

Generally begin at this mode when a session isstarted on a Cisco device

For security purposes, only a limited subset of

EXEC commands are available in user EXECmode.

This level of access is reserved for tasksthat do not change the configuration, but to

determine status.

Prompt at this mode is Router>

Exit method is logout command

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P rivileged EXEC Mode

In order to have access to all commands, onemust enter privileged EXEC mode , which is thesecond level of access for the EXEC mode .

As the privileged EXEC mode is a superset of the user EXEC mode commands, any EXECcommand can be run in this mode.

Use enable command from User EXEC modeto get access to privileged EXEC mode.

Normally, one must enter a password to enter privileged EXEC mode.To exit to User EXEC mode use disable

command.

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Interface & Sub-interfaceConfiguration

From global configuration mode, enter byspecifying an interface with an interfacecommand.

Prompt here mode is R outer(config-subif)#

To exit to global configuration mode, use theexit commandTo enter sub-interface configuration mode,specify a sub-interface with the interfacecommand .

Prompt at this mode is R outer(config-if)#

Use the exit to exit to Global Configurationmode, & Ctrl-Z or end to Privileged EXECmode .

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ROM Monitor Mode

Separate mode, used when router cannot bootproperly.When the system does not find a valid systemimage to load when it is booting, it enters intoROM monitor mode.ROM monitor (ROMMON) mode can be

accessed by interrupting the boot sequenceduring startup.

ROMMON runs from a specialized softwareimage, and is used to manually locate a validsystem software image from which to boot thesystem .

ROM monitor mode is also sometimes called"boot mode

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From ROM monitor mode, we may boot thedevice or perform diagnostic tests.

On most systems you can enter ROM monitor mode by entering the reload EXEC commandand then issuing the Break command during thefirst 60 seconds of startup.

Console connection is required to perform thisprocedure

ROM Monitor Mode

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The Break command is issued by pressing theBreak key from the keyboard or by using theBreak key-combination (the default Break key-combination is Ctrl-C).

Another method for entering ROM monitor mode is to set the configuration register so thatthe router automatically enters ROM monitor mode when it boots

ROM Monitor Mode

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ROM monitor mode uses an angle bracket (>)as the command line prompt. On some Ciscodevices the default ROM monitor prompt is

rommon >.The list of available commands will varydepending on the software image and platformbeing used.

To exit ROM monitor mode, use the continuecommand or Ccommand alias; this will restartthe booting process

ROM Monitor Mode

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Th ankYou !!!Th ankYou !!!