4. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/72714/13/13_chapter 4... · BI DIRECTIONAL TOOL TURRET BTP-80 No of Tool stations 8 Tool shank size

4. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE

The details of experimental conditions, instrumentations and the procedures adopted for

the study are described in this section. Experiments were conducted at SPROUT

SOLUTIONS, Peenya Industrial Estate, Bangalore.

4.1WORK PIECE MATERIALS

The work pieces used in the present investigation are Al 6151-T6 and Al 6351- T6.

Aluminium alloys, T6 group products are solution heat treated and then artificially aged.

The mechanical properties, dimensional stability, both have been substantially improved

by precipitation heat treatment.

Al 6151-T6 is a silverfish white metal that has a strong resistance to corrosion like gold,

is rather malleable. It is a relatively light metal compared to metals such as steel, nickel,

brass and copper. It is easily machinable and has a wide variety of surface finishes. It

also has good electrical and thermal conductivities and is highly reflective to heat and

light.

Al 6351–T6 is categorized as Wrought Aluminium alloy. It is a copper free alloy,

significantly stronger than other aluminium alloys. It possesses higher yield strength

along with higher elongation values. It was developed for its finishing characteristics. It

can be seen in different forms of extruded rod, wire and extruded shapes. It has strong

resistance to corrosion. It is easily machinable and can have a wide variety of surface

finishes. It also has good electrical and thermal conductivities and highly reflective to

heat and light. It is used in the field of structural engineering, building, architecture and

aerospace industry due to following advantages: i) Lower Weight. ii) Longer life. iii)

Recycling. It is largely used for furniture in the T4 temper because of the unique

combination of strength, corrosion resistance and fabricability. It is also used in the T6

temper as forgings and extrusions.

The work piece material Al 6151-T6 used for machining is presented in Fig. 4.1.

Chemical composition and Mechanical properties of Al 6351-T6 alloy are presented in

Table 4.1 and Table 4.2 respectively. The work piece material Al 6351-T6 used for

machining is presented in Fig. 4.2. Chemical composition and Mechanical properties of

Al 6351-T6 alloy are presented in Table 4.3 and Table 4.4 respectively.

Fig. 4.1: Al 6151 -T6 alloy work piece used for turning operation

Table 4.1: Chemical composition of Al 6151- T6

Element Al Si Mg Cr

Wt% 98.2 0.9 0.6 0.25

Table 4.2: Mechanical Properties of Al 6151- T6

Brinell Hardness Number (BHN) 71

Density 2.7 X 103 kg/m3

% Elongation 15

Ultimate Tensile Strength 220

Yield Strength 195

Poisson’s Ratio 0.33

Shear Strength 140

Fig. 4.2: Al 6351 -T6 alloy work piece used for turning operation

Table 4.3: Chemical composition of Al 6351- T6

Element Al Si Mn Mg

Wt% 97.8 1.0 0.6 0.6

Table 4.4: Mechanical Properties of Al 6351- T6

Brinell Hardness Number (BHN) 95

Density 2.8 X 103 kg/m3

% Elongation 20

Ultimate Tensile Strength 250 MPa

Yield Strength 150 MPa

Poisson’s Ratio 0.33

Fatigue Strength 90 MPa

Shear Strength 200 MPa

4.2 MACHINE ENVIRONMENT

Machinability studies of Al 6151-T6 alloy were conducted using two lathes namely

a) Light Duty Lathe SHIMATO-C 0636A

b) CNC Lathe ULTRA LYNX-PRIDE-FANUC

Machinability studies of Al 6351-T6 alloy was conducted using the following lathe.

a) CNC Lathe GALAXY MIDAS 6

4.2.1 LIGHT DUTY LATHE SHIMATO-C 0636A

The important features of light duty lathe are precision ground and supersonic frequency

hardened bed ways. The spindle is supported with precision roller bearing. Headstock

gears are made of high quality steel ground and hardened. Removal gap is provided for

larger diameter work. Easy operating gear box has various feeds and thread cutting

functions. The lathe used for turning Al 6151-T6 is shown in Fig. 4.3. The specifications

of Light Duty Lathe are presented in Table 4.5

Fig. 4.3: Light Duty Lathe SHIMATO- C0636A

Table 4.5: Specifications of Light Duty Lathe SHIMATO- C0636A

Model C0636A

Swing over bed 360 mm

Swing over cross slide 212 mm

Swing in gap diameter 491 mm

Admit between centres 1000 mm

Bed width 187 mm

Spindle bore 38 mm

Spindle Nose D1-4”

Cross slide travel 118 mm

Compound rest travel 68 mm

Cutting tool maximum section 16mm X 16mm

Range of Spindle speed (rpm) 70-2000

Threads- Imperial pitches 8-112 TPI

Threads- Metric pitches 0.2-5 mm

Longitudinal feeds (mm/rev) 0.052-0.392

Cross feeds ( mm/rev) 0.014-0.380

Travel of Tail stock quill 100 mm

Diameter of Tail stock quill 32 mm

Taper hole of Tailstock quill MT 3

Main motor 1.5 KW

4.2.2 CNC LATHE ULTRA LYNX-PRIDE-FANUC

The standard features of the CNC Lathe ULTRA LYNX-PRIDE-FANUC are X axis and Z

axis provided with Linear Motion Guide ways. It has telescopic cover for X axis. It is

provided with Hydraulic Power chuck of diameter 165mm. The Tailstock is provided

with programmable Quill. It has automatic centralized lubrication system. It possesses 8

numbers of OD turning tool holder, 4 numbers of Boring bar holder and 2 numbers of

facing tool holder. It is equipped with effective Coolant system. The CNC lathe used for

turning Al 6351-T6 is shown in Fig. 4.4. The specifications of CNC Lathe Ultra Lynx-

Pride- Fanuc are presented in Table 4.6

Fig. 4.4: CNC Lathe ULTRA LYNX-PRIDE-FANUC

Table 4.6: Specifications of CNC Lathe ULTRA LYNX-PRIDE-FANUC

CAPACITY

Swing Over bed 460 mm

Standard chuck dia 165 mm

Max Bar capacity dia 36 mm

Max. turning diameter 240 mm

Max. turning length 300 mm

SPINDLE

Spindle Nose A2-5

Spindle speed range 50-4000 rpm

Spindle motor power AC 7.5 KW

FEED SYSTEM

Cutting Feed Rate- X & Z axes 0-10,000 mm/min

Rapid Feed Rate- X & Z axes 20,000 mm/min

BI DIRECTIONAL TOOL TURRET BTP-80

No of Tool stations 8

Tool shank size 25 X 25 mm

Max Boring Bar- Dia 40 mm

TAIL STOCK

Quil diameter 70 mm / 100 mm

Quil Taper MT-4

CNC SYSTEM

Controller FANUC

Machine Foot Print( Approx)

Length 2150 mm

Depth 2200 mm

Height 1620 mm

Weight 3200 kg

4.2.3 CNC LATHE GALAXY MIDAS 6

The standard features of CNC Lathe GALAXY MIDAS 6 are precision linear motion guide

ways for X and Z axes. It has high rapid traverse of 32 m/min for X and Z axes. It is

provided with high precision ball screws for X and Z axes. It has side or rear provision

with wide passage for chip disposal. It has lowest footprint area by compact layout of

machine elements, access doors to machine elements for easy maintenance. It is provided

with separate lube oil collection to prevent coolant contamination. It is equipped with

hydraulic spindle break for easy chuck/jaw removal, hi-speed, chuck systems, chip

conveyor. It is provided with compact and highly reliable interface hardware cabinet. It

has powerful interface software for machine functions with high safety, high level Man-

Machine interface for easy fault diagnostic, homing less axes operations using absolute

encoder’s feedback and ergonomically designed operator panel. The machinability

studies were conducted on CNC Lathe Galaxy Midas 6 which is shown in Fig. 4.5. The

specifications of Galaxy Midas 6 are presented in Table 4.7

Fig. 4.5: CNC Lathe GALAXY MIDAS 6

Table 4.7: Specifications of CNC Lathe GALAXY MIDAS 6

CAPACITYTurning Diameter, Max. mm 240 (9.45")

Turning Length, Max. mm 365 (14.37")

Over Carriage mm 225 (8.86")

SPINDLESpindle Size A2-5

Hole Diameter Spindle mm 50 (2")

Front Bearing Bore Size mm 75 (3")

Rear Bearing Bore Size mm 65 (2.6")

CHUCK

Chuck Size mm 169 (6")

Bar Capacity, Max. mm 40 (1.575")

No. of Tool Stations 8

Turning Tool Shank Size mm 25x25x150(1"x1”x1”)

SPINDLE DRIVE

Spindle Speed Range

Standard rpm 40-4000

Optional rpm 60-6000

FEED DRIVES

Rapid Traverse (X & Z axes) mm/min 32000 (1260 ipm)

X Axis mm 140 (5.51")

Z Axis mm 365 (14.37")

X Axis kg 216 (475 lb)

Axis kg 216 (475 lb)

TAILSTOCK

Quill Diameter mm 50 (2")

Quill Thrust Max. kg 250 (550 lb)

Quill Stroke mm 120 (4.7")

Tailstock Base Travel mm 165 (6.5")

MACHINE SIZE AND POWERLength (without accessories) mm 2194 (86.38")

Height mm 1724 (67.87")

Width mm 1545 (60.82")

Weight kg 2600 (5720 lb)

Power Consumption (withoutoptions)

kw 15

CONTROL

CNC System Fanuc 0i-TC

Axes Drive Package Fanuc Ac DigitalServo á Ci

4.3 PROFILOMETER

The SURFTEST SJ-201P is a shop-floor type surface roughness measuring instrument,

which traces the surfaces of various machine parts, calculates their roughness based on

roughness standards and displays the results. A pick up referred as the “stylus” attached

to the detector unit of the SJ-201P will trace the minute irregularities of the work piece

surface. The vertical stylus displacement during the trace is processed and digitally

displayed on the liquid crystal display of the SJ-201P. The instrument has maximum

range of -200µm to +150µm and can represent surface texture using various surface

roughness parameters.

The SJ-201P weighs 0.5 kg, designed for excellent portability. In addition, it is made

compact so that it can be held and operated in one hand. The built-in battery makes it

easy to perform roughness measurement on the shop floor or other sites where there may

be no AC power supply. With auto-sleep set to ON under operation on the built-in

battery, the SJ201P automatically turns power off, if it is not in operation for 30 seconds

even when the power is ON. The SJ-201P still retains the set measurement conditions in

memory even if the power is turned off.

Measurement results are displayed on the large easy-to-view LCD unit. These

measurement results can also be outputted externally as Statistical Process Control data.

If connected to personal computer, the SJ-201P can be remotely controlled via the RS-

232C communication interface. The SJ-201P can save measurement results up to 10

cases of measurements. It can also call the saved data to display and print the data. SJ-

201P output measurement results conforming to a variety of surface roughness standards,

including JIS DIN, ISO and ANSI.

When probe moves over the surface the disturbances on the turned surface make the

probe move up and down, when it is traveling on the work piece. This up and down

motion is converted into a electrical signal by means of a wheat stone network. This

electrical signal is displayed on a electrical LCD screen. The measurements of average

surface roughness were made on the Surface Profilometer with software using vertical

scanning interferometer made at

Fig. 4.6: Profilometer

10 X magnification, full resolution and 1 x scan speed. The cylinder and tilt were

removed after taking measurements. Removing the cylindrical object to appear flat, so

surface features can be observed instead of the dominant cylindrical shape, thereby

removing any tilt between the system and the sample. Three measurements of surface

roughness were taken at different locations and the average values were used in the

analysis. Fig. 4.6 & and Fig. 4.7 shows the Profilometer and line diagram respectively.

Fig. 4.7: Line diagram of Profilometer

The different parts of Profilometer have been described below

1. Detector stylus traces the work piece surface (measurement surface)

2. The calculation results ( measurement results) are displayed on the LCD

3. The vertical stylus displacement produced during tracing the work piece surface

is converted into electrical signals.

4. The electrical signals are subjected to various calculation processes.

5. Prints the measurement results and saved data. It is provided with the statistical

processing function.

6. Prints the measurement results and saved data.

Specifications of Profilometer:

· Large characters are displayed on the large easy-to-view LCD.

· Portable for easy measurement anywhere necessary

· The detector/drive unit can detached from the display unit for effortless

measurement of awkwardly oriented work pieces.

· Wide 350µm (-200µm to +150µm) measurement range.

· Roughness parameters compatible with ISO, DIN, ANSI, and JIS

· 19 analysis parameters are provided, including the basic Ra, Rq, Rz, and Ry

parameters.

· Customize function allows hiding of unnecessary parameters.

· GO/NG judgment on a desired parameter

· Auto-calibration for simple gain-adjustment

4.4 CUTTING TOOL INSERTS

Straight Cemented Carbide insert is used as the cutting tool insert in the present

investigation. TNMG 160402, TNMG 160404 and TNMG 160408 Straight Cemented

Carbide inserts are used in the present investigation. Cemented carbide is a relatively

modern material produced by powder metallurgy process. It is a mixture of two general

constituents- hard particles and a binder material. The hard particles such as Tungsten

Carbide (WC), Titanium Carbide (TiC), Tantalum Carbide (TaC) and Niobium Carbide

(NbC) provide the wear resistance and cobalt acts as binding material and provides

toughness. Straight Cemented Carbide consists of Tungsten Carbide as the hard particle

and cobalt as the binder. Straight Cemented Carbide insert is shown in Fig. 4.8

Fig. 4.8: Straight Cemented Carbide Insert

The details of cutting tool inserts used in our study i.e. TNMG 160402, TNMG 160404 and

TNMG 160408 is mentioned below

T: Insert Shape= Triangle 600

N: Clearance Angle= 00 No rake

M: Medium Tolerance= d+/-0.05 m+/-0.08 s+/-0.13

G: Insert Type (Pin / Top clamping double sided)

16: means length of each cutting edge is 16 mm

04: stands for nominal thickness of the insert is 4 mm

02/ 04/ 08: stands for nose radius is 02mm / 0.4mm / 0.8mm

They are stable and moderately expensive. It is offered in several "grades" containing

different proportions of Tungsten Carbide and binder usually Cobalt. High resistance to

abrasion. High solubility in iron requires the additions of Tantalum Carbide and Niobium

Carbide for Steel usage. Its main use is in turning tool bits although it is very common in

milling cutters and saw blades. It posses hardness up to HRC 90. Sharp edges generally

not recommended.

4.5 CUTTING FLUID

In the present study cutting fluid used for turning of Al 6351-T6 is WS-40HW (Make:

MET-L-COOL, ITW Chemin). It is water soluble with a ratio of 1:20 i.e. 1 liter of

coolant oil is mixed with 20 liters of water, enriched with cationic surfactants for

moderate machining and grinding operations on all ferrous and non-ferrous metals. It is

formulated with refined naphthenic base oil, corrosion inhibitors, biocides and special

emulsifiers to perform well even in high hard water (1000 ppm). Important features of

WS-40HW are excellent hard water stability, special biocide package enhances the sump

life, and corrosion inhibitor package protects the job and machine from rusting, reduces

wheel loading and dressing frequency and reduces machine downtime. Some of its

important properties are it appears as Amber clear liquid, it is mild odor, milky white

emulsion and maximum oil content is 70%.

4.6 TAGUCHI TECHNIQUE

Dr. Taguchi of Nippon Telephones and Telegraph Company, Japan has developed a

method based on “ORTHOGONAL ARRAY” experiments which gives much reduced

“variance” for the experiment with “optimum settings” of control parameters. Thus the

marriage of Design of Experiments with optimization of control parameters to obtain

best results is achieved in the Taguchi method. “Orthogonal Arrays” (OA) provide a set

of well balanced (minimum) experiments and Dr. Taguchi’s Signal-to-Noise ratios

(S/N), which are log functions of desired output, serve as objective functions for

optimization, help in data analysis and prediction of optimum results.

Taguchi method treats optimization problems in two categories

1. Static problems: (a) Smaller the Better (b) Larger the Better (c) Nominal the Best

2. Dynamic problems: (a) Sensitivity (b) Linearity

Taguchi proposed a standard 8 step procedure for applying his method for optimizing

any process.

Step 1: Identify the main function, side effects, and failure mode.

Step 2: Identify the noise factors, testing conditions and quality characteristics.

Step 3: Identify the objective function to be optimized.

Step 4: Identify the control factors and their levels.

Step 5: Select the orthogonal array matrix experiment.

Step 6: Conduct the matrix experiment.

Step 7: Analyze the data, predict the optimum levels and performance.

Step 8: Perform the verification experiment and plan the future action.

4.6.1 Studies on Machinability of Al 6151-T6 and Optimization of Cutting

Parameters in Light duty lathe-SHIMATO-C0636A using L4 Orthogonal Array

In this experiment Al 6151-T6 rods of 30mm diameter and 60mm length were turned on

a Light Duty Lathe -SHIMATO-C0636A. Straight Cemented Carbide insert TNMG 160402

(KORLOY Make, ISO Designation) was used to turn the work material. Speed (A), Feed

(B) and Depth of cut (C) were selected as Cutting Parameters in the present investigation

and the Cutting environment was Dry.

Table 4.8: Factors, Levels and Degrees of Freedom for L4

Parameter

Code

Parameter No of Levels Degrees of

Freedom

A Speed 2 1

B Feed 2 1

C Depth of Cut 2 1

Total Degrees of freedom 3

Minimum number of Experiments 4

To

perform the experimental design, two levels of the cutting parameters were selected and

listed in Table 4.9

Table 4.9: Cutting Parameters and their levels

Symbol Cutting Parameter Unit Level 1 Level 2

A Speed rpm 350 750

B Feed mm/rev 0.25 0.45

C Depth of Cut mm 0.05 0.5

Experimentation was conducted according to Taguchi’s standard L4 Orthogonal Array.

The standard L4 Orthogonal array is presented in Table 4.10. In this experiment Output

responses recorded were Surface Roughness, Material Removal Rate, Cutting Force,

Cutting Power and Machining Time which are presented in Table 4.11

Table 4.10: Standard L4 Orthogonal Array

Trial No. Speed (rpm) Feed (mm/rev) DOC (mm)

1 1 1 1

2 1 2 2

3 2 1 2

4 2 2 1


Parameters in Light duty lathe-SHIMATO-C0636A using L8 Orthogonal Array

In the experiment 4.6.1 since we considered only 3 Parameters at 2 levels, we were not

able to investigate cutting parameters that are significantly affecting the performance

characteristics using ANOVA. Therefore, we conducted this experiment by considering

4 Parameters at 2 levels. In this experiment Al 6151-T6 rods of 30mm diameter and

60mm length were turned on a Light Duty Lathe -SHIMATO-C0636A. Straight Cemented

Carbide inserts TNMG 160404 (KORLOY Make) and TNMG 160408 (KORLOY

Make) were used. Speed (A), Feed (B), Depth of cut (C) and Nose Radius (D) were

selected as Cutting Parameters and the Cutting environment was Dry.

To perform the experimental design, two levels of the cutting parameters

were selected and listed in Table 4.13


Parameter

Code


Freedom

A Speed 2 1

B Feed 2 1

C Depth of Cut 2 1

D Nose Radius 2 1





A Speed rpm 350 750



D Nose Radius mm 0.4 0.8


The standard L8 Orthogonal array is presented in Table 4.14. Output responses recorded

were Surface Roughness, Material Removal Rate, Cutting Force, Cutting Power and

Machining Time which are presented in Table 4.15


Trial No.

Speed

(rpm)

Feed

(mm/rev)

DOC

(mm)

Nose

Radius(mm)

1 1 1 1 1

2 1 1 2 2

3 1 2 1 2

4 1 2 2 1

5 2 1 1 2

6 2 1 2 1

7 2 2 1 1

8 2 2 2 2


Parameters in CNC lathe -ULTRALYNX-PRIDE-FANUC using L8 Orthogonal Array


a CNC Lathe -ULTRALYNX-PRIDE-FANUC. Straight Cemented Carbide inserts TNMG

160404 (KORLOY Make) and TNMG 160408 (KORLOY Make) were used. Tool

holder used was MTJNL 25 X 25 X H 16 (ISO Designation) and the Cutting

environment was Dry. Speed, Feed, Depth of Cut and Nose Radius were the Cutting

Parameters considered for the present experiment.

To perform the experimental design, two levels of the cutting parameters

were selected and listed in Table 4.16. Experimentation was conducted according to

Taguchi’s standard L8 Orthogonal Array. The standard L8 Orthogonal array is presented

in Table 4.14. Output responses recorded were Surface Roughness, Material Removal

Rate, Cutting Force, Cutting Power and Machining Time which are presented in Table

4.17



A Speed rpm 350 750







a CNC lathe ULTRALYNX-PRIDE-FANUC. Straight Cemented Carbide insert

TNMG 160408 (KORLOY Make) was used with Tool holder MTJNL 25 X 25 X H 16

(ISO Designation) in dry condition. Speed, Feed and Depth of cut were selected as

Cutting Parameters for the present investigation.

9

To perform

the experimental design, three levels of the cutting parameters were selected and listed in

Table 4.19


Parameter

Code


Freedom

A Speed 3 2

B Feed 3 2

C Depth of Cut 3 2




Symbol Cutting Parameter Unit Level 1 Level 2 Level 3

A Speed m/min 60 120 180

B Feed mm/rev 0.1 0.2 0.3

C Depth of Cut mm 0.3 0.6 0.9



Machining Time which are shown in Table 4.21


Trial No.Speed

(m/min)

Feed

(mm/rev)

DOC

(mm)

1 1 1 1

2 1 2 2

3 1 3 3

4 2 1 2

5 2 2 3

6 2 3 1

7 3 1 3

8 3 2 1

9 3 3 2




a CNC lathe -ULTRALYNX-PRIDE-FANUC without coolant. Straight Cemented Carbide

inserts TNMG 160404 (KORLOY Make) and TNMG 160408 (KORLOY Make)

were used. Tool holder used in the present experiment was MTJNL 25 X 25 X H 16

(ISO Designation). Speed, Feed, Depth of cut and Nose Radius were considered as

Cutting Parameters in the present investigation at 2 levels.

It was decided to conduct the experiment according to L16 orthogonal

array so as to compare the results with Experiment 4.6.3.To perform the experimental

design, two levels of the cutting parameters were selected as listed in Table 4.22.




Machining Time which are shown in Table 4.24



A Speed rpm 350 750





TrialNo.

Speed(rpm)

Feed(mm/rev)

DOC(mm)

NoseRadius(mm)

1 1 1 1 1

2 1 1 1 2

3 1 1 2 1

4 1 1 2 2

5 1 2 1 1

6 1 2 1 2

7 1 2 2 1

8 1 2 2 2

9 2 1 1 1

10 2 1 1 2

11 2 1 2 1

12 2 1 2 2

13 2 2 1 1

14 2 2 1 2

15 2 2 2 1

16 2 2 2 2


Parameters in CNC lathe - GALAXY MIDAS 6 using L9 Orthogonal Array with

TNMG 160404 insert under Dry environment

Work material used for this investigation was Al 6351-T6 rods of 30mm diameter and

60mm length. The cutting parameters selected for the present experiment were Cutting

Speed, Feed and Depth of cut at 3 levels. The turning tests were conducted in dry

environment on GALAXY MIDAS 6 CNC lathe having a maximum spindle speed of 4000

rpm and a maximum power of 15KW.

The cutting tool insert used was Straight Cemented Carbide insert with ISO designation

TNMG 160404 (KORLOY Make).The inserts were clamped onto a tool holder with a

designation of MTJNL 25 X 25 X H 16 (ISO Designation).

9

To perform


Table 4.25. The standard L9 Orthogonal array is presented in Table 4.20. Output

responses recorded were Surface Roughness, Material Removal Rate, and Machining

Time which are presented in Table 4.26



A Cutting Speed m/min 60 120 180





TNMG 160404 insert under Wet environment



Speed, Feed and Depth of Cut at 3 levels. The turning tests were conducted in wet

condition on GALAXY MIDAS 6 CNC lathe having a maximum spindle speed of 4000 rpm

and a maximum power of 15KW.



designation of MTJNL 25 X 25 X H 16 (ISO Designation). Coolant Used in this

experiment was WS-40HW (Make: MET-L-COOL, ITW Chemin).

9

To perform

the experimental design, three levels of the Cutting Parameters were selected and listed

in Table 4.27. The standard L9 Orthogonal array is presented in Table 4.20. Output

responses measured were Surface Roughness, Material Removal Rate, and Machining









TNMG 160408 insert under Dry environment



Speed, Feed and Depth of cut at 3 levels. The turning tests were conducted in dry

condition on GALAXY MIDAS 6 CNC lathe having a maximum spindle speed of 4000

rpm and a maximum power of 15KW.



designation of MTJNL 25 X 25 X H 16 (ISO Designation).

9

To perform



responses recorded were Surface Roughness, Material Removal Rate, and Machining









TNMG 160408 insert under Wet environment



Speed, Feed and Depth of cut at 3 levels. The turning tests were conducted in wet

condition on GALAXY MIDAS 6 CNC lathe having a maximum spindle speed of 4000 rpm

and a maximum power of 15KW.



designation of MTJNL 25 X 25 X H 16 (ISO Designation). Coolant Used in this

experiment was WS-40HW (Make: MET-L-COOL, ITW Chemin).

9

To perform



responses measured were Surface Roughness, Material Removal Rate, and Machining







Documents

4. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/72714/13/13_chapter 4... · BI DIRECTIONAL TOOL TURRET BTP-80 No of Tool stations 8 Tool shank size