431 BC- 404 BC

WARM UP: What was WARM UP: What was the result of the Persian the result of the Persian War and how did it War and how did it affect Athens?affect Athens?

Peloponnesian Peloponnesian WarWar 431 – 404 BCE431 – 404 BCE

Sparta gets jealous of Sparta gets jealous of AthensAthens

Sparta and Athens fight Sparta and Athens fight overover

control of Greececontrol of Greece

Causes of the Peloponnesian War

Overconfident

Both sides believed they held advantages (Athens at sea, Sparta on land) over the other and would win, so they moved towards war.

Power Power strugglestruggleAthens treated Delian League city Athens treated Delian League city states as if they were their empire, states as if they were their empire, used League funds for projects in used League funds for projects in the city of Athens (statues, etc.) the city of Athens (statues, etc.)

Sparta feared Athens was Sparta feared Athens was getting too powerful.getting too powerful.

Causes Many Greek cities resented Athens’

domination of the Delian League Some revolted against Athens

Sparta and Athens were long time rivals

Sparta led the Peloponnesian League to oppose the Delian League

EconomicsEconomics

Athens stopped Athens stopped CorinthCorinth (Sparta’s ally) from (Sparta’s ally) from taking over another city-taking over another city-state. laid siege to a state. laid siege to a colony of colony of CorinthCorinth. .

Athens slapped Megara Athens slapped Megara with with tradetrade sanctions sanctions (they could (they could notnot trade trade with any allies of with any allies of AthensAthens – a death blow to their – a death blow to their economy.economy.

Corinth and Megara Corinth and Megara convincedconvinced Sparta to go Sparta to go to to warwar with Athens. with Athens.

Athens strategy Naval power

Surround Sparta by sea

Prevent food and supplies from reaching Peloponnesian League

Sparta Strategy Sparta had a

strong army Surround

Athens and prevent it from raising food around the city

Did not have a navy until the end of the War

Stalemate

For much of the war, neither side could gain the upper hand over the other

With a few short period of peace in between, it lasted 30 years

Plague

Athens was severely weakened when a plague broke out

It killed almost 1/3 of the population including Pericles, Athens’ able leader

Syracuse Expedition The Athenians made a

huge mistake in 416 BC, they invaded Sicily to conquer Sparta’s ally, Syracuse.

They hoped to destroy the Spartan’s food supply

They were surrounded and annihilated

The war ends

Syracuse weakened the Athenians, but they held out for over 10 more years

The Spartans finally conquered Athens in 404 Athens had to give up its navy and

empire Athens had to follow Spartan foreign

policy

Aftermath

Athens was the strongest, now Sparta

Much of Greece lie in ruin Greece was severely weakened

economically and militarily Greek culture slowed

Thucydides

Father of scientific history because of standards for evidence collecting

History of the Peloponnesian War

Credits

Web. 14 Jan. 2015. <http://www.google.ca/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=web&cd=4&ved=0CC8QFjAD&url=http://www.mpsaz.org/dobson/staff/jwmartinson/notes/files/peloponnesian_war.ppt&ei=RNm2VJaxM8e0UbvVgdAM&usg=AFQjCNGgNlFgkIJLDcDeIX9tXzKsRY-7qQ&bvm=bv.83640239,d.d24>.

Web. 14 Jan. 2015. <http://www.google.ca/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=web&cd=1&ved=0CB8QFjAA&url=http://www.cityschools.com/jpope/files/2010/11/Peloponnesian-War.ppt&ei=RNm2VJaxM8e0UbvVgdAM&usg=AFQjCNFOOztBKUBxYggbDxgFNPG117MPRQ&bvm=bv.83640239,d.d24>.