Bell RingerBell Ringer

• ““War is cruelty. There is no use trying to War is cruelty. There is no use trying to reform it. The crueler it is the sooner it will reform it. The crueler it is the sooner it will be over.” - William Tecumseh Shermanbe over.” - William Tecumseh Sherman

• How does this quote from Union general How does this quote from Union general Sherman show a different philosophy from Sherman show a different philosophy from previous Union leaders?previous Union leaders?

Grant Takes CommandGrant Takes Command

• Ulysses S. Grant takes control Ulysses S. Grant takes control of Union army in the East to of Union army in the East to fight Lee.fight Lee.

• William Tecumseh Sherman William Tecumseh Sherman given control of the Union given control of the Union west.west.

Battle of the WildernessBattle of the Wilderness• Grant vs Lee in 2 day Grant vs Lee in 2 day

battle in the woods near battle in the woods near Chancellorsville.Chancellorsville.

• Confederate General Confederate General Longstreet wounded by Longstreet wounded by friendly fire.friendly fire.

• Grant suffers heavy Grant suffers heavy losses but keeps losses but keeps pushing South!pushing South!

Spotsylvania and Cold HarborSpotsylvania and Cold Harbor• Grant keeps pushing south towards Richmond.Grant keeps pushing south towards Richmond.

• Suffers heavy losses at the Battle of Suffers heavy losses at the Battle of Spotsylvania but keeps on going.Spotsylvania but keeps on going.

• Grant loses 7,000 men on two charges at Battle Grant loses 7,000 men on two charges at Battle of Cold Harbor, 8 miles from Richmondof Cold Harbor, 8 miles from Richmond

PetersburgPetersburg

• Grant has lost 65,000 men since taking command.Grant has lost 65,000 men since taking command.

• Petersburg major railway station for Richmond.Petersburg major railway station for Richmond.

• Grant hopes to starve them out as Lee builds up Grant hopes to starve them out as Lee builds up defenses.defenses.

Key QuestionsKey Questions

1.1. How is Grant’s style of command different How is Grant’s style of command different from previous Union generals?from previous Union generals?

2.2. Do you think this philosophy will be more Do you think this philosophy will be more successful? Why or why not?successful? Why or why not?

Sherman’s MarchSherman’s March• Sherman gets permission to march his 62,000 Sherman gets permission to march his 62,000

soldiers east to take Georgia.soldiers east to take Georgia.

• After a long siege of Atlanta, CSA soldiers After a long siege of Atlanta, CSA soldiers abandon the city. abandon the city. – Sherman burns down nearly half the city.Sherman burns down nearly half the city.

• Sherman cuts a 300 mile path of destruction to Sherman cuts a 300 mile path of destruction to Savannah and gives the city to Lincoln as a Savannah and gives the city to Lincoln as a Xmas gift.Xmas gift.

Sherman Moves NorthSherman Moves North• Sherman’s men march North to meet Grant in Sherman’s men march North to meet Grant in

Petersburg.Petersburg.

• SC treated even more harshly than GeorgiaSC treated even more harshly than Georgia– Seen as the source of treason.Seen as the source of treason.

• Private homes burned from Savannah to Private homes burned from Savannah to Columbia.Columbia.– Total WarTotal War

• Destruction stopped at NC border.Destruction stopped at NC border.

Lincoln and the 13Lincoln and the 13thth Amendment Amendment• Lincoln wins re-election in 1864 by beating out Lincoln wins re-election in 1864 by beating out

McClellan. (212 of 233 electoral votes)McClellan. (212 of 233 electoral votes)

• 1313thth Amendment passed after the election Amendment passed after the election outlawing slavery.outlawing slavery.

Surrender at Appomattox Court Surrender at Appomattox Court HouseHouse

• Union forces were surrounding Lee from all sides and CSA lacked enough Union forces were surrounding Lee from all sides and CSA lacked enough men to fight.men to fight.

• Lee and Grant meet to discuss surrender.Lee and Grant meet to discuss surrender.

• All Southern soldiers could take their horses and mules and return home.All Southern soldiers could take their horses and mules and return home.

Final Review1. Why did Sherman’s men treat SC so harshly?

2. How was Sherman’s march different from previous Union strategies?

3. Who ran against Lincoln in the Election of 1864? What was the main issue of the election?

4. How did the Civil War end?