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C6

EmotionsandMoods

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C6EmotionsWhy Emotions Were Ignored in OB

Emotions are critical factor in employee behavior.

The myth of rationality

Emotions of any kind are disruptive to

organizations. Original OB focus was solely on the effects of

strong negative emotions that interfered with

individual and organizational efficiency.

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C6The Basic Emotions

While not universally accepted, there appear to be six basic

emotions:

1. Anger

2. Fear 3. Sadness

4. Happiness

5. Disgust

6. Surprise

All other emotions are subsumed under these six

May even be placed in a spectrum of emotion:

Happiness surprise fear sadness anger - disgust

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C6Mood as Positive and Negative Affect

Low positiveLow

Negative

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C6Sources of Emotions and Moods

Personality

Day and Time of the Week

NOT Weather Stress

Social Activities

Sleep

Exercise

Age

Gender

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C6External Constraints on Emotions

OrganizationalInfluences

CulturalInfluences

Individual

Emotions

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C6Emotional Labor

A situation in which an employee expresses

organizationally desired emotions during interpersonal

transactions.

A situation where there are inconsistencies between theemotions we feel and the emotions we project.

Emotional Dissonance

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C6Felt vs. Displayed Emotions

Felt Emotions

An individuals actual emotions

Displayed Emotions

Emotions that are organizationally

required and considered appropriate in

a given job

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C6Affective Events Theory (AET)

Work events trigger positive and negativeemotional reactions

Personality and mood determine the intensityof the emotional response.

Emotions can influence a broad range of work

performance and job satisfaction variables.

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Individual response reflects emotions and

mood cycles.

Current and past emotions affect job

satisfaction.

Emotional fluctuations create variations in job

satisfaction and performance.

Both negative and positive emotions can

distract workers and reduce job performance

Implications of AET Theory

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C6Affective Events Theory (AET)

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C6Emotional Intelligence

The ability to detect and to manage emotional cues and

information.

Self-awareness = Know how you feel

Self-management = Manage your emotions and impulses

Self-motivation = Can motivate yourself and persist

Empathy = Sense and understand what others feel

Social Skills = Can handle the emotions of others

Research Findings: Characterize high

performers, high EI scores, not high IQscores.

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C6OB Applications of Emotions and Moods

Emotions and Selection : Emotions affect employeeeffectiveness.

Decision Making : Emotions are an important part of the

decision-making process in organizations. Creativity : Positive mood increases creativity.

Motivation : Emotional commitment to work and highmotivation are strongly linked.

Leadership : Emotions are important to acceptance ofmessages from organizational leaders.

Interpersonal Conflict : Conflict in the workplace andindividual emotions are strongly intertwined.

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C6More OB Applications

Negotiation : Emotions can impair negotiations.

Customer Services : Emotions affect service quality

delivered to customers which, in turn, affects customerrelationships.

Job Attitudes : Can carry over to home

Deviant Workplace Behaviors : Negative emotions

lead to employee deviance (actions that violate normsand threaten the organization).

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C6

Moods are more general than emotions and lesscontextual

Emotions and moods impact all areas of OB

Managers cannot and should not attempt tocompletely control the emotions of theiremployees

Managers must not ignore the emotions of theirco-workers and employees

Behavior predictions will be less accurate ifemotions are not taken into account

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C6Ravindra comes to class and sits quietly lookingcontent and relaxed. The teacher is guessing that

Ravindra is:

Low on negative affect

High on positive affect

High on negative affect

Low on positive affect

Discuss why Ravindra, who is seemingly happy butcalm, isnt just low on positive affect.