4Health Education

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HEALTH EDUCATION

Vra KernovNational Institute of Public Health

Prague


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Health EducationDefinition - WHO

Process of providing information and advicerelated to healthy lifestyleand encouragingthe development of knowledge, attitudes and

skills aimed at behaviour change ofindividuals or communities.

Enables and influences controll over owns

health leading to optimalizationof attitudesand habits related to lifestyleand increasingquality of life.


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Health Education

Policy

Is the component of a national health

policy covering different sectors (M. of

Health, M. of Education, etc). National Institute of Public Health (NIPH)

serves as the methodical centre for public

health institutes and other organizations(Law No. 258/2000).


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Health Education

Activities

Integrated into local, regional or nationalprogrammes implementing the aims of the

Health 21 Programme. Education of individuals, communities and the

whole population of all age, social and ethnicgroups.


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Health EducationMain principles

Supported by the latest knowledge fromresearch (medicine, sociology, psychology).

A systematic, comprehensive and consistentactivity.

Adapted to age, gender, education andparticular health, mental or social problems of

an individual or community (school,entreprise, city).

Encourages personal investment of anindividual.

Respects environment of an individual.


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Health Education

Methods

Drawing attention to a particular problem

billboards, TV spots, posters, campaigns (NIPH -

Quit Smoking, 3rd Medical Faculty, IFMSA -Smoke free party)

Providing basic information warning,

recommendation, advice leaflets, calendars,

articles in newspapers, TV and radio broadcasts


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Health Education

Methods

Providing more detailed information andguidelines education focused on the attitudechange (brochures, manuals, books, lectures,discussions, internet)

Methods and guidelines focused on the

behaviour change

intervention procedures(sets of guidelines, interactive PC programmes,recipes, manuals, exhibitions, courses andsystematic educational plans).


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Health EducationImplementation

NIPH methodical guidance, producingprinted and video educational materials at thenational level.

PH Institutes coordinate health educationin the regions.

Collaboration with NGOs, schools, TV, radio,

media, etc.


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Health EducationPriorities

Children and Youth

Preschool age healthy nutrition, physical activity,personal hygiene, daily regimen, basics on preventionof most common diseases, communication with

physician School age healthy lifestyle, regimen of work and

rest, mental hygiene, sexual education, educationagainst smoking and drug abuse, prevention of most

common diseases Adolescent age healthy lifestyle, sexual education,

HIV/AIDS, drugs, smoking, selection of a profession


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Preschool Ageexamples of publications


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School Ageexamples of publications


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Adolescentsexamples of publications


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Parents education of children, healthylifestyle,smoking, alkoholism and drug abusein children and youth, principles of preventionand treatment of most common diseases,orientation in the health care system

Adults healthy life style, impact of workingand living environment on health, mentalhygiene

stress, principles of prevention and

treatment of most common diseases,orientation in the health care system


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Role of Parentsexamples of publications


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Role of Schoolexamples of publications


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Seniors lifestyle, adaptation to a lowerphysical and mental capacity related to age,

principles of prevention and treatment ofmost common diseases, orientation in thesocial and health care system

Patients advices related to a disease,

diets, recommendations related tocompensation of health disorders, health aids


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Health Education

Communities

Based on knowledge of their demographicand social specificities (gender, age,education, ethnicity, employment)

Messages are more general andcomprehensible for all community members

Positive motivation positive aspects and

outcomes are stressed more then negativeones


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Health Education in CommunitiesStrategies

Building collaborating team (physician, PHofficer, health counsellor, NGO, schools,municipality, entreprise)

Partnership and national networks (Healthy Cities,Healthy Schools), EU projects

Providing regular informationmedia, bulletins

Motivation actions related to days acknowledgedby WHOHealth Day, Global Day withoutTobacco, Mental Health Week, International Dayof Fight against HIV/AIDS, etc.


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Health Education in CommunitiesStrategies

Campaigns:

* Quit and Win

* Physical Activity towards Health

Connecting local, regional and national

campaigns is more effective Presentation of positive examples of

behaviour in public personalities (models)


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Social marketing

Dated back in 1930s, developed in 1970 inUSA from marketing of products and services

Effective method of promoting activities

related to health and health care Strategies which address selected groups of

population with the aim of influencing andchanging attitudes of people related to social

values, esp. health related behaviour. Planning, surveys on attitudes of population

groups, collaboration with massmedia,lobbing


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Health Education

Intervention Programmes

National Health Programme of CR healthpromotion programmes (grant system)

Effetive projects use combination ofinterventions on individual and communitylevels e.g. programmes of prevention ofCVD, breast cancer, etc.

Effective projects are based on intersectoralcollaboration (collaborating team)


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Health Education

Primary Health Care

Principal role of outpatient services andpractitioners

Increasing role of nurses in primaryprevention counselling e.g. prevention ofbreast cancer, preventive examinations

H.e. is a part of the treatment plan and

recommendations Collaboration with counselling servicesof

the PH Institutes on lifestyle focused onpositive behaviour changes and lowering of

risk profile


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References

World Health Organization -http://www.who.int/topics/health_educ

ation/en/ National Institute of Public Health

Prague http://www.szu.cz

Documents

4Health Education