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A Revisionof
the Genus Boisdl1valia (Onagraceae)By PHILIP A. MUNZ
The genus Boisduvalia, although a small one, is an interesting
onein illustrating various distributional trends: several species
occurin western North America, one of which CB. glabella) occurs
alsoin southern Argentine; a closely related one occurs in Tasmania
(B.tasmanica) ; a distinct group of three others is found in Chile.
I tis generally known (cf. JOHNSTON, Journ. Arn. Arbor. 21:
356-7,1940) that such affinity exists between various species of
westernNorth America and southern South America, likewise one
betweenPatagonia and Tasmania. Each clear additional case of
suchrelationship or identity is worth pointing out. I believe it
has notgenerally been understood that Oenothera tasmanica is a
Boisduva-lia, and now after careful consideration of the genus, I
am convincedthat B. pygmaea of southern Argentine is the same as
small formsof B. glabella of the United States.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
I t is a pleasure to acknowledge indebtedness to and express
grati-tude to many institutions and individuals:
(1) Professor of Botany, Pom,ona College, Claremont, California,
U. S. A. ElDr. MUNZ me escribe 10 siguiente aJ remitir el
manuscrito: I am delighted to sendc you helewith a manuscript for
the volume to honor Professor PARODIj it is ac high bonor to be
asked to contribute to this volume and I appreciate very muchc your
kindness and tha.t of Dr. CABRERA in asking to do so. I am glad to
bavec the opportunity to add my bit to anything that shows honor to
so distinguishedc a scientist. . . I trust that this little paper,
dealing as it does with species fromc both North and South America,
may prove to be fitting for the volume youc have in contemplation .
. . (in litt. l-XJ-l940). - A. BURKART.
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P. A. MUNZ, A Revision of the Genus Boisiluvalia (Onagraaeae)
125(1) John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation. As a
Guggenheim Fellow in 1938-39 I had the opportunity in
SouthAmerica of visiting, and studying material in various
Herbaria.
(2) Clarem
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126 Darwiniana" t. 5, 1941(19) Dr. P. LEHENBAUER and Dr. W. D.
BILLINGS of the Uni
versity of Nevada for the loan of the type of Boisduvalia
sparsifolia.The abbreviations above indicated in parentheses are
those used
in the citation of herbarium specimens in this paper.,
Boisduvalia
BoisduvaZia, as a genus: SPACH, Hist. Veg. Phan. 4: 383,1835;
Nouv. Annal.MU8. Paris, ser. Ill, 4: 398, 1835. - ENDLlCHER, Gen.
PI., 1191, 1840.-WALPERS, Rep. 2: 89, 1843,-GAY, Fl. Chilena 2:
343, 1846.-BREwER& WATSON, Bot. CaUf. 1: 233, 1876.-TRELEASE,
Rep. Mo. Bot. Gard.,5: 116, 1894. - REICHE, -Flora de Chile, 2:
470, 1898. - JEPSON, Fl.Calif. 2: 571, 1936.
Boi8duvalia, as a section under Oe1wthera: TORREY & GRAY,
Fl. No. Amer.1: 505,1840. - BENTH. & HOOK., Gen. PI. 1: 790,
1867. WATSON, Proc.Amer. Acad. 8: 600, 1873. As Il; c group under
Oenothera: LEVEILLE,Monogr. Oenoth: groupe B, 296, 1908.
Cratericarpium, as a genus: SPACH, Nouv. Annal. MU8. Paris, ser.
Ill,4:397, 1835. - ENDLICHER, 1. c. - GAY, 1. c., 341.
Caulescent, mostly erect annuals, sometimes decumbent,
perhapssometimes perennials. Leaves generally alternate,
sometimesopposite, simple, sessile. Flowers diurnal, often small"
even minute,in leafy spikes, or in axils of ordinary leaves.
Hypanthium prodbced above the ovary, more or less funnelform, short
to elongate;sepals 4, erect. Petals 4, sessile, obovate to deeply
bilobed, purpleto reddish to pink or white. Stamens 8, those
opposite the petalsshorter and usually inserted below the summit of
the hypanthium;'anthers basifixed, all perfect; pollen in tetrads.
Stigma with 4very short broad lobes, or almost capitate. Capsule
4-celled, 4-valved, sessile, terete to somewhat angled. Seeds
smooth, without acoma, with thin margin at each end, apparently
ascending, usuallyin a single row in the locule. (Named for JEAN
ALPHONSE BOISDU-VAL, French naturalist and physician of the 19th
Century).
TYPE SPECIES: B. ooncinna (DON) SPACH.The relationship of the
genus Boisduvalia must be with the Epi-
'lobiae as evidenced by such characters as:(1) pollen in
tetrads,(2) tendency to erect sepals,(3) bilo bed petals,(4)
insertion of shorter epipetalous stamens lower in the
hypanthium than that of th\l longer episepalous ones,(5) color
of flowers red or purplish to white.
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P. A. MUNZ, A Revision of the Ge'1lJ!b8 Boisiluvalia
(Onagraoeae) 127The absence of the coma on the seeds is the most
evident
difference. In fact, BoisduvaUa seeins to stand between the
Epilo-biae (Zauschneria and Epilobittm) on the one hand and
theOenothera complex on the other. As can be seen from the
references cited above, it has often been placed as a section of
Oenothe-ra, but most recent authors have separated it
generically.
Traditionally the genus has been treated for North America
asconsisting of four species: B. densiflora, B. glabella, B.
stricta andB. cleistogama, and for South America as having three in
Chile:B. concinna, B. subulata, and B. Tocornalii and sometimes a
fourth:B. Volckmanni: I am now convinced that two more mnst be
addedin the United States: B. macrantha and B. pallida, that B.
glabellaoccurs also in Argentine, and that Oenothera tasmanica is a
Boisdu-valia. I therefore recognize a total 'of ten species.
KEY TO SPECIES OF c BoISDUVALIA A. Hypanthium 6-18 mm long.
(Sect. Euboisduvalia (1. South America.B. P e ~ l s 15-25 mm long;
stems smooth at base, pubescent in inflorescence;hypanthium 12-18
mm long; sepals 7-10 mm long. 3. B. TocornaZii
BB. Petals 6-10 mm long; hypanthium 6-12 mm long; sepals 4-7 mm
long.C. Whole plant strigose, the leaves linear, 1-2 mm wide;
capsule obovate,sometimes 4-winged in upper part. 2. B. subuZataCC.
Whole plant with spreading hairs; leaves lanceolate, 3-8 mm
wide;capsule cylindrical. 1. B. concinnaAA. Hypanthium 0.5-3 mm
long.B. Capsule septifragal, the septa wholly adherent to the
placental axis,making the latter 4-winged; capsule not
conspicuously beaked; floralbracts proportionally wider than
cauline leaves. W. North America. (Sect.Pachydium (2). 4. B.
densijloraBB. Capsule subterete and loculicidal, the septa adhering
to the valves in
dehiscence, or 4-sided and not dehiscent. (Section Currania (8),
new sect.).(1) Section Euboisduvalia, new name for sect.
Dictyopetalum (FISCH. & MEYEB)
ENDLlCHEB, Gen. Pl., 1191, 1840; WALPERS, Rep. 2: 89, 1843,
Sect. Dictyopetalumunder genus Oenothera, FISCH. & MEY., Ind.
SBm. hort. Petrap. 2: 45, 1835, forB. concinna, For the type
species of the genus, it is according to Rules of Nomen-clature
necessary to take up a section name such as the one I here
propose.
(2) Sect. Pachydium (FISCH. & MEY.) ENDLICHER, Gen. Pl.,
1191, 1840; WALF.,Rep. 2: 89, 1843. Sect. under Oenothera, F. &
M., Ind. sem. hort. Petrop. 2: 45,1835, for Oenothera
densiflora.
(' ) Currania, new sect. Capsula tereta aut quadrangularia,
ZoculiGidalia autindehisoontia, cum septis vaZvas
adhaeresci:.ntibu8. Named in honor of KATHERINELAYNE CUBRAN
BBANDEGEE, critical student of the California flora, who as
Mrs.CURRAN discovered and proposed B . CZeistogama.
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128 Darwiniana, t . 5, 1941C. Capsule coriaceous, 4-sided,
tardily if at all dehiscentj leaves narrowly
lanceolate; ovules rather numerous, 10-14 in each row. Great
Valleyof California. 5. B. cleistogama
CC. Capsule m o r ~ membranaceous, subterete, usually dehiscent;
ovulesfewer, except sometimes in B. glabella.D. Capsule somewhat
enlarged upward, not beaked; leaves oblong,
crisped denticulate. Tasmania. 6. B. tasmanicuDD. Capsule larger
in lower half, often definitely beaked. America.E. Hypanthium 0,5-1
mm long; petals 1,5-4 mm long.
F. Fruit straight, 5-8 mm long; floral bracts ovate tooblong;
petals 2-4 mm long. W. United States andS. Argentine. 7. B.
glabella
FF. Fruit curved, 6-10 (13) mm long, the tip turnedaway from the
stem; floral bracts linear; petals1,5-2 mm long. 'Wo United States.
9. B. strictuEE. Hypanthium 2-3 mm long; petals 5-10 mm long.
F. Leaves serrulate, crowded; petals 7-10 mm long; cap-sules
straight. N. California. 8. B. macranthuFF. Leaves quite entire,
not crowded; petals 5-8 mm
long; capsules curved. S. Oregon & N. California.10. B.
pallida
TREATMENT OF SPECIES1. Boisduvalia concinna (D. DON) SPACH
SPACH, Hist. Veg. Phan. 4: 384, 1835; Nouv. Annal. Mus. Paris,
ser. Ill,4: 399, 1835.
Oenothem concinna D. DON, in SWEET, Brit. Fl. Garden, ser. I1,
pI. 183,1833.Boisduvalia subulata race concinna LEYL., Bull. Acad.
Internat. Geogr.
Bot. 18: 298, 1908.Oenothem caespitosa GILL. ex H. & A. in
HOOK., Bot. M i . ~ c . 3: 311, 1833,pro synon. Published in
synonymy under B. subulata, but the specimencited (
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P. A. MUNZ, A. Revision of the Genus Boisauvalia (Onagraceae)
129throughout, stems 5-30 (50) cm. long; leaves often spreading
orrecurved, frequently crowded, o f ~ e n with axillary fascicles,
ovatelanceolate to linear-lanceolate, subentire to denticulate,
sessile,acuminate, 1-5 cm. long, 3-8 mm. wide, scarcely reduced in
inflorescence; flowers solitary in upper axils; inflorescence
glandular-pubescent; hypanthium 6-12 mm. long, slightly enlarged
upward;sepals lanceolate, 4-6 mm. long; petals pink with deeper
coloredveins, rarely white, ob cordate, 6-10 mm. long; episepalous
stamensabout 2/3 as long as petals; epipetalous slightly shorter;
anthers1.5-2 mm. long; style slightly longer than stamens, 20-25
mm. long;stigma 1.5-2 mm. wide, with 4 short broad lobes; capsule
subtereteto 4.-angled, 4-ribbed, straight or slightly curved,
villouS, 5-10(18?) .mm. long, 2 mm. thick, loculicidal; seeds
oblong-ovoid, 1 mm.long', cellular-punctate, brown or with brown
spots.
Type locality probably Valparaiso, Chile. Given only as
Chile,plants having been raised from seeds sent by CUMING. The'
onlyherbarium 'specimens I have seen from him are labelled
Valparaiso.Species well distributed in Chile.
MATERIAL SEEN: From Gardens: Cobham Lodge, Surrey Herb.in 1840,
F. YOUNG (K); Jardill des Plantes, seeds from FISC HER(K); Hart.
bot. Berol. iD'1835 (B), in 1844 (B), in 1841 (B), in.1849 (B).
CHILE, Acollcagua, in collibus V al paraiso, GAY in 1838(P);
Valparaiso, CUMING 606 (BM, K). Santiago, near road toSantiago,
BRIDGES (G, K). Colchagua, Cordillera de San Fernan-do, MEYEN, as
Nierembergia subdentata n. sp. (B); without definite.locality, GAY
in 1833 (G), PHIIJIPPI in 1862 (G), 795 (BM); SanFernando, BERTERO
465, in 1828 (G); Pichilemu, Feb. 21, 1927,MONTERO 1810 (GH).
Curico, Curico, corn. PHILIPPI, Feb. 1888(B. K) ; plains base of
Andes, BRIDGES 1233 (B, BM, K) ; betweenCurico and Talca, GILLIES,
as Oenothera caespitosa, n. sp. (K).Talca, Talca, E. C. REED (K);
Camarico, Rio Claro, MOREIRA in1926 (GH). Maule, without definite
locality, Feb. 8, 1892, O.KUNTZE, type number of Oenothera gaurodes
(B, G, NY) ; Cauque-11es, C. ELLIOTT 119 (K); Banos de Cauquenes,
Jan. 15, 1920, E.W. & M. M. HOLWAY 298 (US). Linares,
Panamavida. PHILIPPI &BORCHERS in 1883 (BM), E. W. & M. M.
HOLWAY 230 (US). :NuhIe, without definite locality, PHILIPPI (B);
Chillan, March, 1862,PHILIPPI (B, G, SGO) ; near Chillan, GERMAIN
in 1855 (BM, F, G,K). Concepcion, Chiguayante, O. KUNTZE, Feb. 19,
1892 (NY).Malleco, Angol, Feb. 1925, F. W. PENNELL 12823 (GH).
Cautin,Temuco, BRo. CLAUDE-JOSEPH 1053, Jan. 1920 (US).
DAB\l"INIANA. - T. V 9
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130 Darwiniana, t. 5, 1941
2, Boisduvalia subulata eR. & P.) RAIMANNRAIMANN in ENGLER
& PRANTI" Die Naturl. Pjlanzenjam., 3 (7): 212,1893.Oenothera
subulata R. & P., Fl. Peruv. 3: 82, pI. 316, 1802.Crateriwrpium
argyrophyllum SPACH, Nouv. Ann. Mus. Paris 4: 327 & 398.
1835, new name for sul:ulata.Oenothem unijlora GILLIES ex H.
& A. in HOOK., Bot. Mise. 3: 311, 1833,
pro synon. Type at Kew seen.Boisduvalia Volckmanni PHIL.,
Linnaea, 30: 187, J859-60. Based on collec
tion by VOLCKMAN from foot of Andes in Colchagua. In the
Museumat Santiago on 1 sheet labelled B. Volckmanni are 4 difterent
collections, all unmounted and only one having the label fastened
to a plant.One of the loose labels reads Pruv. Colchagua frequens.
Ad radicemAndium los Niches. 1858. VOLCKMAN ; ihis undoubtedly goes
with thetype, but I was unable to tell to which specimen the label
belonged. Ofthese four plants, some are strigose, some not; some
with leaves 1-2 mmwide, others ca. 3 mm wide. For the most part
they are B. subulata.
Oenothera Volckmanni LEVL. & GUFFR., Bull. Acad. Geogr.
Bot., 18: 299,312, 1908.
FIGURE 4, for habit and fruit.Annual, grayish, strigose-villous
throughout, usually branched
from near base, erect or ascending, 1-3 dm. high, the branches
usuallysimple; leaves alternate, sessile, linear, entire,
ascending, l.5-3 cm.long, 1-1.5 (3) mm. wide, gTadually reduced up
the stem and withfascicles of shorter ones in the axils; flowers
few, solitary in theupper axils; inflorescence glandular-puberulent
as well as somewhatstrigose-villous; hypanthium narrow, gradually
expanding towardthe summit, 8-12 mm. long; sepals narrowly
lanceolate, 4-5 mm.long; petals cuneate, 7-9 mm. long, bifid,
one-third to one-half theway toward the base, purplish-red to pink
with violet veins; episepalous stamens two-thirds as long as
petals; epipetalous one-third thepetals; anthers about 2 mm. long;
style slightly exceeding the longerstamens, 18-20 mm. long;
stigma-lobes about 0.5 mm. long; capsule
. sessile, 6-10 mm. long, 1-2 mm. thick, subcylindric in lower
portion,gradually expanded upward and sometimes slightly
4-wingedtoward the apex; seeds smooth, brown, narrowly obovoid,
about1 mm. long.
Type locality, Concepcion, Chile.MATERIAL SEEN: CHILE: without
locality, Herb. PAVON, type 1 (G),
Herb. DOMBEY in Herb. JUSSIEU (P), LESSON in 1824, ex Herb.KUNTH
(B), Poppw 111 (G), REYNOLDS (GH), CL. GAY (B, GrGH, K, NY).
Aconcagua, without definite locality, ALBERT in
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P. A. MUNZ, A R e v i , ~ i o n of the Genus Boisduvalia
(Onagraccae) 1311898 (SGO). Talca, between Talca and Curico,
GILLIES, type ofOenothem uniflora, n. sp. (K). Linares, between
Talca and Linares, Jan., 1877, PRILIPPI (SGO). Nuble, near ChilUm,
March,1862, PRILIPPI (B, SGO; photo of B. specimen at F, POM);
ChiHan, M. A. DE SOLlS in 1863 (SGO), F. INGA in 1875 (SGO).
Concepcion, Los Angeles, Dec., 1838, GAY, 1230 (F, P, SGO);
Penco.Feb. 19, 1925, BERNINGER 22 (B); la Vega de Concepcion,
POPPIO55 (111) (B, G, BM, P; photo of Berlin 'specimen a.t POM);
Concepcion, PRILIPPI, Jan., 1885 (BM), D'URVILLE ded. 1845
(B),DOMBEY (F, P), CUMING 821 .(BM, K). Bio Bio, Antuco, REYNOLDS
100 (K). Cautin, Cholchol, R. MORTON MIDDLETON in 1106(BM, G). -
ARGENTINE: Chubut, Lago Puelo, Jan., 1937, R. LARITTE (BAF,
POM).
The Argentine specimen is apparently a new record for
thatcountry. In it the capsules are not at all winged, but
subcylindric,slightly enlarged upward; there is some question in my
mind as towhether such plants as this and BERNINGER 22, and
PHILIPPI, March.1862 should be treated as a separate species from
B. subulata. I fso, they apparently should be called B. Volckmanni,
as nearly asone can judge from the original description of the
latter. But insuch plants as the DOMBEY collection, cited in the
preceding paragraph, both kinds of capsules, winged and
subcylindric, appear 011the same stem.
3. Boisduvalia Tocornalii C. GAYGAY, Fl. Chil. 2: 344, 1846.
FIGURE 8, for habit.Branched at base, the stems few, suberect,
simple or branched,
2-7 dm. tall, glabrous below, pubescent, even somewhat
ghindulal'in inflorescence; leaves linear-lanceolate, 2.5-4 cm,
long, 3-8 mm.wide, subentire, acuminate, quite sessile, sparsely
strigulose, gradually reduced up the stem, the floral bl'acts
lance-ovate, 8-10 mm.long, glandular-pubel'ulent, wavy; hypanthium
yellow-green, 10-18mm. long, gradually enlarged upward; sepals
lanceolate, 7-10 mm.long; petals lavender, obcordate to bilobed,
15-25 mm. long j episepalous stamens one-half /lIS long as petals,
epipetalous slightlyshorter; anthers ca. 3 mm. long; style almost
as long as petals;stigma with 4 ovate lobes, these 0.6 mm. lo,ng;
capsules subsessile,loculicidal, quadrangular, sub cylindric, but
slightly enlarged above,
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132 Darwiniana, t. 5, 1941not winged, 10-14 mm. long, ca. 2 mm.
thick; seeds numerous,irregularly narrowly obovoid, dark brown, 2
mm. long.
Type locality, en 108 camp08 incultos de las provincias
meridionales , Chile, possibly Nacimiento, Bio Bio.
MATERIAL SEEN: CHILE, without definite locality, CL. GAY (B,
G,GH, K; photo of B. specimen at F, POM). Concepcion, Concepdon,
D'URVILLE ded. 1825, ex hb. KUNTH CB). Bio Bio, Nacimiento, Dec.,
1839, GAY 1217 (F, NY, P, SGO). Nuble, Chillim, April,1865,
PHILIPPI ? (SGO).
Readily distinguished from related species by its much
largerflowers.
4. Boisduvalia densiflora (LINDL.) S. WATS.S. WATS., in Bot.
Calif. 1: 233, 1876.Oenothera densiflora LINDL., BOi. Reg. 19: pI.
1593, 1833.
Simple or branched, particularly above, erect or nearly so,
3-10r( 15) dm. tall, comm?nly pilose, sometimes crisp-pubescent,
glandular or not in inflorescence, green to canescent, leafy
throughout;lower cauline leaves lanceolate to lance-linear, sessile
or shortpetioled, acute to acuminate, entire or denticulate, 2-5
(9) cm. long,3-7 (9) mm. wide, spreading or ascending; upper ones
somewhatreduced and narrower; floral bracts ovate to lance-ovate,
acute toabruptly acuminate, mostly entire, 5-12 (20) mm. long, 3-10
(15)mm. wide; inflorescence spicate, elongating in fruit,
terminatingmain stem and branches; hypanthiuin narrow, 1.5-2.5 mm.
long;sepals lanceolate; 2.5-6 mm. long; petals rose-purple to pink
withdeeper veins to white, 5-10 (12) mm. long, bifid one-third to
onehalf their length; episepalous stamens almost half as long as
petals,epipetalous one-fourth to one-fifth the petals; anthers 1
mm. lcrng;style 3-9 mm. long; stigma 0.5-1 mm. broad, 4-lobed;
capsulessubfusiform, quite straight, usually subterete, with 4
broad nerves,.6-10 mm. long, 1.5-2.5 mm. thick, acute at apex but
not beaked,rather thin-walled, septifragal, the septa adhering to
the placentalaxis which thus becomes 4-winged; seeds few, 3-6 (8)
in each cell,oblong-ovoid, flattened, brown, paler at ends, smooth,
1-2 mm. long,'0.4-0.8 mm. wide.
This species has long been recognized as exceedingly variable
anda number of segregates has been proposed. TRELEASE, Rep. Mo.Bot.
Gard. 5: 120, 1894, after mentioning a number of variants,-wrote I
do not see how to separate these forms as even varieties,
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P. A. MUNZ, .d Revision of the Genu.!! Boisduvalia (Onagraceae)
133 although as here defined, densiflora is far more variable than
theother species of the genus . In fact, the intergradation is
socomplete and puzzling that I cannot recognize nomenclatorially
allthe variants, nor can I separate any as species. Many
characterswhich have been used, such as flower-color, seem quite
worthless.The following treatment is offered:
KEy TO VARIETlES OF c B. DENSIFLORA A. Pubescence loose,
S'preading, usually with some gland-tipped hairs; floral blacts
often subolbicular-ovate; plant green or i f canescent with some
long hairs.B. Spikes more or less lax, the floral bracts or leaves
not dense.C. Seeds 4-6 in each cell, 1-1,5 mm long. 4 a. var.
genuinaCC. Seeds 3-4 in each cllll, 2 mm long. 4 c. var.
pallescensBB. Spikes long and dense, the bracts so densely
imbricated as to conceal
the capsules. 4 b. forma imbricmaAA. Pubescence more appressed,
no hairs gland-tipped; floral bracts lance-ovate;
ovate; plant strigose-canescent. 4 d. var. salicina
4 a. B. densiflora (LINDL.) S. WATS. var. genuina MUNZ, novo
nom.Oenothera densiflora LINDL., Bot. Rey. 19: pI. 1593,
1833.Boisduvalia densiflora S. WAT8., Bot. Calif. 1: 233, 1876.
TRELEA8E, Rep.
Mo. Bot. Gard. 5: 118, pI. 25, 1894.B. Douglasii SPACH, Hist.
Veg. Phan. 4: 385, 1835; Nouv. Annal. MU8.
Paris, sel. Ill, 4: 400, 1835. New name for B. densiflora.B.
bipartita GREENE, Erythea 3: 119. 1895. .B. densiflora var.
bipartita (GREENE) JEPSON, Fl. W. Mid. Calif., ed. 2,
276, 1911. Said to differ from B. densiflora var. genuina by the
unequallobes of the petals, and to have come sandy dry bed of the
Arroyo delValle, California, June 14, 1895 (Alameda Co.). At the
GREENE Her-barium are two specimens witb such data. According to
letter fromDr. JUST: c Flowers from both boiled and examined as to
petal character in question. In both cases the petals were found to
be parted into twonearly e q u ~ l segments >.
B. sparsifolia NELSON & KENNEDY, Muhlenbergia 3: 139, 1908.
Based onKENNEDY 644 from Maggie Creek, Elke Co., Nevada, which I
haveseen.
:F'IGURE 1, for habit and fruit ..Plant green to canescent;
stems with spreading longer hairs and
some shorter gland-tipped ones especially in inflorescence;
leavesspreading to ascending; flowers more or less remote, the
bracts notoverlapping; petals purple-rose to white, the lobes
equal; seeds 1-1.5mm. long.
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134 Darwiniana, t. 5, 1941Type locality given by Lindley as
Northern California; type.
grown in England from seeds sent by DOUGLAS in 1831. GREENE,Fl.
Francisc., 225, 1891, wrote The type, figured by LINDLEY, isnot in
middle California, but must be Oregonian. . LINDLEY'SNorthern
California would of course refer to what we nowconsider middle
California. I t is known that DOUGLAS was in theMonterey-San
Francisco region during 1831 and it seems to me thatsome of the
plants from that region _match LiNDLEY'S figure verywell in the
drooping narrow leaves, compact habit, etc. In fact,it is difficult
to tell from the figure whether 01). greater maturitythis plant
would be GREENE'S var. irnbl-icata or not, but the floralbracts as
figured seem too narrow. Moreover, herbarium specimenslike Hart.
Soc. Hart. Land. (NY), Hart. Beral., 1839 (GH),I think from SPACH
[in GRAY'S hand] CGR), H. B. BASIL, 1839(NY), are for the most part
not imbricate, yet from thl
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P. A. MUNZ, A Revision of the Genus Boisduvalia (Onagraceae)
135Gold Creek, NELSON'& MACBRIDE 2134, July 29,1912 (GR) j
eastside Ruby Mts., Aug. 3. 1936, P. TRAIN 431 (POM) j Maggie
Creek,KENNEDY 644, type of B. sparsifolia (Univ. of Nevada) ;
Eureka Co.,Palisade, DIEHL 274, .July 10, 1902 (POM) ; Washoe Co.,
8 mi. SW.of Reno, ARCHER 6126, June 24, 1938 (POM); Franktown
Creek,C. L. BROWN in 1907 (GR). - CALIF'ORNIA: Humboldt Co., moo
ofGrizzly Creek, Van Duzen River, ABRAMs 6027 (NY) j valley
ofTrinity River near mouth of Willow Creek, July 8, 1911, TRACY3475
(UC); Mendocino Co., Ukiah, FEUDGE 209, July 13, 192B(POM) ; Wolf
Creek, ABRAMs 5863, July 7, 1916 (NY); Yorkville,EASTWOOD ,&
HOWELL 4575, June 20, 1937 (POM); Sonoma Co ..Santa Rosa, KUNTZE
28139 in part, July, 1904 (NY); betweenHealdsburg and Geyersville,
HELLER 5820, July 8, 1902 (GR, NY,POM); Marin Co., 3 miles so. of
San Anselmo, MUNz 14301. Aug. 7,1936 (POM, UC); San Mateo Co.,
Crystal Springs Lake, ELMER4273, April, 1903 (NY, POM, UC); Santa
Clara Co., road toMadrone Springs, EAsTwooD ,& HOWELL 4536,
June 5, 1937 (NY,POM) ; Black Mt., ELMER 4769, June, 1903 (NY, UC)
; San Benito Co., Pinnacles National Monument, T. CRAIG 1369, June
12, Hl28(POM) ; Monterey Co., Jolon, BRANDEGEE in 1886 (DC); San
LUlsObispo Co., DUllcans Spring, Cholame region. LEMMoN in
1888(UC); Siskiyou Co., Yreka Creek, BUTLER 1614,' June 29,
1901(POM, DC, US)'; Cottonwood Creek, Siskiyou Mts., L.
WHEELER2755. June 22, 1934 (GH, POM) ; Shasta Co., Middle Creek
Station,HELLER 7913. May 31, 1905 (GR, NY) ; Butte Co., 10 mi. east
ofOroville, HELLER 11564, JUly 13, 1914 (GR, NY, US) ; Plumas
Co.,Red Clover Valley, HELLER & KENNEDY 8877 (GR, F, NY, POM)
;Lake Co., south of Mt. Sanhedrin, RELLER 5973, July 21, 1902
(GR,NY, POM); Napa Co., Napa Valley, TORREY in 1865 (NY);
SanJoaquin Co .. Btockton, QUICK in 19?9 (POM); Amador Co.,
lone,BRAUNTON 1074 (NY), 1006 (DC); Stanislaus Co., mouth of
BearCreek, Mrs. W. J. WILLIAMSON 170, May 24, 1919 (POM); Tuolumne
Co., Mather, MUNz 7384, July 18, .1923 (POM); MariposaCo., Yosemite
Valley, HALL 9231, July 28, 1911 (DC), ABRAMs4620 (GR, POM) ;
Madera Co., San Joaquin Exp. Range, BISWELL86 (UC); Fresno Co.,
Pine Ridge. HALL & CHANDLER 87, June, 1900(NY, UC) ; Kern Co.,
Biilses Station, Tehachapi Mts., DUDLEY 462,June 28, 1895 (NY, F,
DC) ; Ventura Co., Frazier Mt., HALL 6617,July 10, 1905 (UC) ; Los
Angeles Co., Sulphur Springs, San GabrielMts., V. DURAN 3511, July
10, 1933 (NY, POM, DC) ; San Bernar-dino Co., Victorville, PARISH
10629, June 25, 1915 (UC); Fish
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136 Darwiniana, t. 5, 1941Camp, San Bernardino Mts., JOHNSTON
2893, July 17, 1921 (POM);Lower San Sevaine Flats, San Gabriel
Mts., JOHNSTON in 1925(POM) ; Riverside Co., San Jacinto Mts., G.
F. REINHARDT, June,]897 (UC); 5 miles SE. of Poppet Flats, San
Jacinto Mts., MUNZ& JOHNSTON 8818, July 29, 1924 (GR, POM) ;
Idyllwild, SPENCER1209, July 10, 1921 (GH); San Diego Co., Palomar
Mt., SPENCER997, Aug. 18, 1918 (POM); Cuyamaca Lake, MUNz &
HARwooD7215, June 27, 1923 (NY, POM), ABRAMs 3885 (NY, GH, POM).
-BAJA CALIFORNIA: Hanson Ranch, ORCUTT, July 27, 1883 (UC, F).
4 b. B. densiflora var. genuina forma imbricata (GREENE)MUNZ,
novo comb.
B. d e n . ~ i f l o r a var' l imbricata GREENE, Fl. Francisc.,
225, 1891.B. imbricata HELLER, Muhlenbergia 1: 42, 1904.O e n o ~ h
e r a densiflora. var. imbricma LEVL., Bull. Acad. fm. Geogr. Bot.
18:
302, 1908.Boisduvalia densiflora var. mOlltana [published as
m01itanus] JEPSON, Fl.W. Mid. Calif., 330, 1901. No type cited;
said to come from Howell Mt.,Napa Co. and characterized by short
latera.l spikelets numerous belowthe short terminal spike >.
Reduced by JEPSON, Fl. Calif. 2: 572, 1936 tosynonymy under B.
imbricata, and JEPSON 14390 cited as example. I havenot seen this
number.
Floral bracts orbicular-ovate, densely imbricated and quite
concealing the capsules; flowers, seeds, etc. as in var.
gennina.
GREENE cited no specimens in his original description; nor
dothere seem to be any so designated by him, collected prior to
1891,in the various herbaria containing many of his specimens:
GREENEHerbarium, .University of California, California Academy of
Sciences, U. S. National Herbarium. In order to choose one that he
musthave seen, I suggest that BOLANDER 6403 from Mt. Diablo (UC)
bedesignated as type.
NUTTALL made a collection in Oregon which he labelled
asOenothera (Boisduvalia) imbricata; of this material the Gray
Her-barium sheet it! imbricate, but belongs to var. salicina and
the NewYork Botanical Garden sheet is not at all imbricate and
belongs tovar. genuina. GREENE makes no reference to the NUTTALL
collectionand I doubt that he knew of it .
Since this plant occurs practically throughout the range of
var.genuina, often growing with it, since there is absolutely every
degreeof intergradation, since it is often impossible to d i s t i
n g u i ~ h plantsuntil well in fruit, since in some. cases it
seems quite seasonal or
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P,. A. MUNZ, A Revision of the Gen;us Boisduvalia (Onagraceae)
137ecological, and since the same tendency toward a compact
imbricatecondition occurs in other varieties such as salicina. I
cannot recognize imbricata as of higher rank than forma. From
California Ihave seen so much material that from that region at
least, I amciting only a portion of it. WASHINGTON: without
locality, BRANDE-GEE 787, in 1883 (GH, DC) ; King Co., Seattle,
SHUMWAY in 1892(UC) ; Spokane Co., Spokane, Rev. SPALD!NG (GH);
Walla WallaCo., Waitsburg, HORNERin 1897 (GH). - OREGON: Columbia
River,DOUGLAS in 1830, in part (NY); Washington Co., Forest
Grove,LLOYD in 1894 (NY) ; Douglas Co., Riddle, WARD 70, Sept. 22,
1899(NY). - NEVADA: Storey Co., 5 mi. SW. of Virginia City, R.
A.ALLEN 479 (POM). - CALIFORNIA: Humboldt Co., White ThornValley,
TRACY 5020, July 5,1918 (UC) ; Valley of Van Duzen River,TRACY 2850
(GH, UC) ; Mendocino Co., Mendocino, H. E. BRowN905 (GH, NY) ; 20
miles north of Willits, MUNZ 14327 (POM, UC) ;Sonoma Co., Sonoma
Valley, TORREY 104, in 1865 (NY); Lake Co.,Kelseyville, TRACY 2260,
July 13, 1905 (UC); Marin Co., Olema,HARRIET WALKER 1187 (UC);
Whites Hill, JUSSEL 419 (POM);Napa Co., Knoxville, JEPSON in 1892
(UC); Contra Costa Co., roadto Mt. Diablo, SCIIREIBER 936, Oct. 5,
1933 (UC); Mt. Diablo, BoLANDER 6403 (UC) ; Alameda Co., Oakland,
M. E. JONES 2358, July7, 1881 (POM); Alameda, KELLOGG &
HARFORD, June, 1868 (NY);Santa Clara Co., Saratoga, PENDLETON 358
(UC); Alviso, ELMER4964 (POM, UC) ; San Mateo Co., Pigeon Point,
KECK 2944, July 7,1934 (NY, POM) ; Santa Cruz Co., Camp 44, Santa
Cruz, BREWER811 (UC); Monterey Co., Pajaro, CHANDLER 463 (UC); San
BenitoCo., Vancouver Pinnacles, ABRAMS 6714 (NY, US) ; San Luis
ObispoCo., Mrs. R. W. SUMMERS in 1886 (POM, UC) ; Siskiyou Co.,
Mt.Shasta, H. E. BROWN 566 (NY, UC); Hornbrook, E. B. GOPELANDunder
C. F. BAKER 3543 (GH, POM, UC); Shasta Co., 5 milessouth of
Redding, HELLER 12448, June 25, 1916 (GH, NY) ; TehamaCo., 21.5 mi.
west of Mineral, Mrs. BRACELIN 645 (UC), 654 (NY,POM) ; Plumas Co.,
Genessee, HELLER & KENNEDY 8863 (GH, NY,POM, UC) ; Butte Co.,
Wick',s Corner, HELLER 15109 (NY, POM) ;Clear Creek, H. E. BROWN
111 (NY, UC); Solano Co., LagunaValley, JEPSON in 1893 (UC) ; San
Joaquin Co., W. Stockton, SAN-FORD 182 (UC); Nevada Co., Nevada
City, HELLER 8107, July 14,1905 (GH, NY, UC) ; Amador Co., near
.Jackson, C. L. HITCHCOCK27 (POM); Pioneer, HANSEN 1475 (POM, nC) ;
Mariposa Co., Yosemite Valley, ABRAMS 4663 (GB, NY); Tulare Co.,
Lemon Cove,Mrs. CLEMENS in 1910 (POM); Kern Co., Kern River, E.
PALMER
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138 Darwiniana, t. 5, 1941141, I I I 1888 (NY); San Diego Co.,
Mesa Grande, SPENCER 1209(POM); Palomar Mt., SPENCER 997 (GH,
NY).
4 c. B. densiflora var. pallescens SUKSDORFSUKBDORF in Deutsch.
Bot. Monatschr. 18: 88, 1900.
Plant pilose or villous; floral bracts often remote, broadly
ovate,g-raduaUy acuminate with conspicuous somewhat wavy or
twistedtips; petals usually pale; seeds mostly 3-4 in each locule,
ca. 2 mm.long'.
Type locality, a few km. east of Bingen, Klickitat Co;"
Washington.Type number SUKSDORF 2254. This is rather an uncertain
entityranging from southern Washington to northern interior
Californiaand characterized by the few large seeds (these not
always pale incolor as indicated by SUKSDORF) and the remote,
long-acuminatefloral bracts. In the Sierra Nevada ot California it
intergradesfreely with var. genuina and var. salicina.
MATERIAL SEEN. WASHINGTON : Klickitat . Co., east of
Bingen,SUKSDORF 2254, original collection (GH, NY, UC). -
OREGON:Multnomah Co., Mt. Scott, SHELDON S11112, Aug. 11, 1902
(GH,NY, POM); Washington Co., Forest Grove, F. E. LWYD, July 9,1894
(NY); Wasco Co., The Dalles, THoMPsoN 11880 (GH, NY,POM, US) ;
Josephine Co" Big Butte Creek, HELLER 12971, Sept. 3,1917 (GH, NY),
12969 (GH, NY); Grants Pass, BRANDEGEE in 1885'(UC) ; Klamath Co.,
mouth of Williamson River, LEIBERG 708, Aug.12,1894 (GH, NY, UC). -
CALIFORNIA: Butte Co., Jonesville, E .
. B. GOPELAND, July 12, 1931 (UC); Butte Meadows, HELLER
14677(NY), 11621 (GH, F, NY, UC); Nevada Co., Soda Springs, M.
E.JONES 2715 (POM) ; Placer Co., CARPENTER in 1892 (UC); MaderaCo.,
North Fork San Joaquin River, CONGDON in 1895 (GH).
The specimens cited below approach the var. pallescens i
nap-pearance of floral bracts and in having few seeds, but the
seedsare small as in var. ge.nuina or var. salicina: OREGON:
JosephineCo., Waldo, EASTWOOD 2105 (GH); Wimer, HAMMOND 149
(GH,NY). - CALIFORNIA: Lassen Co., Westwood, HELLER 15296 (NY,POM)
; Amador Co., Wylie's Station, K. BRANDEGEE in 1910 (UC) ;Tuolumne
Co., Rawhide, ROXANA STINCHFIELD 6 (NY, POM) ; Mariposa Co" Midway,
C. B. WOLf
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P. A. MUNZ, A Revision of the Genu8 Boisduvalia (Onagraveae)
139
4 d. B. densiflom var. salicina (NUTT. ex TORR. & GRAY)MUNZ,
novo comb.
Oenothero densiflora LINDL. var. (J, T O M . & GRAY, FI. No_
Amer. 1: 505,1840.Oenothera salicina NUTT. ex TORR. & GRAY, I.
C., pro synon.Boisdumlia 8alivina RYDB., Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 40:
62, 1913.B. sparsiflora HELLER, Muhlenbergia 1: 42, 1904. Based on
HELLER 7021
from Donner Lake, Calit,; I haven seen examples.Plant
canescent-strigose throughout, the pubescence short and not
gland-tipped; petals mostly pale, rather short, 2.5-5 (7) mm.
long;capsule and seed as in var. genuina.
Type locality, On the W ahlamet ,& Wallawallah , near
theboundary line between eastern Washington and eastern
Oregon.Ranging through Washington and Oregon to Idaho, Nevada
andnorthern interior California. In this more northern region
italmost replaces var. genuina which is more common to the
south,but the two intergrade too compietely and freely for
specificseparation.
MATERIAL SEEN. WASHINGTON: Island Co., Whidby Island, N.
L.GARDNER (UC) ; Okanogan Co., Peshastin, SANDBERG & LEIBERG
588(GH, NY, UC) ; Klickitat Co., Falcon Valley, SUKSOORF 2215,
Aug.4, 1893 (GH, NY, UC) ; Whitmas Co., Pullman, PIPER 1839,
July30, 1894 (GH, NY), Aug. 20. 1894 (F, POM), -Aug. 13, 1894
(GH,NY), ELMER 87 (NY, POM, US) ; east of Walla Walla, B. *
albi-florwn, NUTTALL (GH). - O ~ E G O N : E. HALL 185 (GH, NY),
187(NY), Oenothera * salicina, NUTTALL (NY, photo Kew Spec,imen
atPOM), Oe. salicina albiflora, NUTTALL (NY), Oenothera *
imbricata,NUTTALL (GH), GEVER 591 (GH); Washington Co., Forest
Grove,LWYD, July 6, 1894 (NY) ; Benton Co., Junction City to
CorvalIis,ABRAMS 8727 (POM); Polk Co., Gerlinger,J. C. NELSON
1786(GH) ; Lilll1 Co., Albany, LLOYD, July 10, 1894 (NY) ; Douglas
Co.,Calopooya Valley, BARBER 73 (GH) ; Lake Co .. Lakeview.
THoMPsoN12180, July 18, 1935 (NY, POM) ; Klamath Co., Swan Lake
Valley,ApPLEGATE 320 (GH). - IDAHO: Blaine Co., Corral, Camas
Prairie,MACBRIDE'& PAYSON 3826 (GH, NY, POM, UC) ; SW. corner,
BigCamas Prairie, HENDERSON 3108 (POM); Washington Co., Tamarack,
JUNE CLARK 173 (GH, POM, UC). - NEVADA: Washoe Co.,Frallktown,
KENNEDY 1931, ~ e r y much imbricate (NY, POM, UC) ;Ormsby Co.,
Carson City, MACFADDEN 12763 (NY); 5 miles SW.of Carson City,
BREENE 651 (POM). - CALIFORNIA: Modoc Co.,
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140 Darwiniana, t. 5, 1941Goose Lake Valley, Mrs. AUSTIN, Aug.
1894 (UC), Aug. 1895,nQ 153 (POM); Ralls Meadowe, Mrs. MANNING in
1904 (UC), in1903, n9 210 (UC); Siskiyou Co., Sisson, SETCHELL
& DOBIE in1902, in part (UC), RELLER 12560 (GR, NY); Metcalf's
Ranch,Ne. base Mt. Eddy, RELLER 12478 (GR, NY) ; Butte Co., Big
Meadows, Mrs. AUSTIN 1316, July 22, 1897 (NY); Nevada Co., lowerend
of Donner Lake, July 25, 1903, RELLER 7021, type n9 of
B.sparsiflora (GR, NY, POM, UC).
The following specimens approach var. salicin a in being
canescentbut are more loosely pubescent and have some gland-tipped
hairsas in var. genuina. IDAHO: Kootenai Co., North Fork Coeur
d'AleneRiver, LEIBERG 1528 (GR, NY). - CALlJilORNIA: Trinity Co.;
Rennessey Road, leading up South Fork, Trinity River, TRACY
770ij(UC). Those cited below are nearer to var. salicina in not
beingglandular, but are too loosely pubescent: OREGON: Lane Co.,
10miles SW. of Eugene, OONSTANCE 949 (GR, NY, POM, UC) ; WasCtJCo.,
The Dalle,\;, BRANDEGEE in 1882 (UC); Marion Co., Jefferson,NETTlE
GALE 365 (GR). - C A L I F O R N I ~ : Mendo?ino Co., Big
River,MoMuRPHY 197 (NY); Ft. Bragg to Glen Blair, ,EASTWOOD
1682-(GR, NY); Sonoma Co., Santa Rosa, RELLER 5640 (GR, NY,POM);
Napa Co., between St. Relena & Calistoga, ABRAMS 5775-(NY).
5. Boisduvalia c 1 e i s t o ~ a m a CURRANClJRRAN in Bull.
Calif. Acad. Sci. 1: 12, 1884; TRELEASE, Rep. Mo. Bot.
Gard. 5: 121, pI. 26, 1894.Oenothera cleistogama LEVL., Bull.
Acad. Geogr. Bot. 18: 304, 312, 1908.FIGURE 2, for habit.Erect and
simple, or more commonly decumbently branched from
base, the branches stout, stiff, pale, 1-2dm. long, more or less
piloseand glandular-pubescent, densely leafy; leaves linear to
linearlanceolate, pale green, remotely callous-denticulate,
glandular-pubescent to subglabrous, 2-3.5 (4) cm. long, 1.5-5 (6)
mm. wide, acuteat apex, slightly narrowed into broad petiole-like
base, upper leavesscarcely if at all reduced; flowers axillary
along the branches, theearliest said to be cleistogamous, the later
pink; hypanthium obconic,glandular-pubescent without, scarcely 1
mm. long; sepals lanceolate,ca. 2 mm. long, tending to adhere in
pairs; petals 3-4 mm. long,bifid about one-third their length;
episepalous stamens half the
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P. A. MUNZ, A Revision of the GenU
Type locality: in the original description, Mrs. CURRAN stated,
Collected by the writer- the smooth form from near Mt. Diablo
inMay, the pubescent one near Elmira, in the strip of wild
landbordering the railway, in August, 1883 . The description
itselfbegan, Puberulent, or sometimes, nearly glabrous , as if
thepubescent form were more definitely considered typical. .I
shouldtherefore take Elmira as the type locality, although JEPSON,
Pl.Calif. 2: 573, 1936, considers Mt. Diablo such. Several sheets
atUniversity of California and Pomona have annotations by
Mrs.BRANDEGEE (formerly CURRAN), which do not settle the
matter:Elmira, May 31, 1909 (POM) annotated type locality;
Elmira,May, 1909 (UC) type locality of pubescent form; Elmira
(UC)part 0f type; between Antioch and Marsh Creek, the Mt.
Diabloregion, June 16, 1907 (UC), type locality.
Like some other species of the genus, this one inhabits dried
beds-'0f rain pools; it ranges at low elevations in the Great
interior Valley'0f California.
CALI]lORNIA: Tehama Co., Vina, May 19, 1937, R. F. HOOVER
2256(UC) ; Butte Co., just north of Nelson, June 10, 1922, HELLER
13627(NY) ; Yolo Co., Zamora, May 19, 1937, R. F. HOOVER 2300
(UC);Solano Co., Elmira, K. CURRAN in May, 1883 (UC), Aug.,
1883(GH), K. BRANDEGEE, May 31, 1909 (POM, UC), J. T. HOWELL5210
(GH, POM) ; Contra Costa Co., Antioch, CURRAN, June, 1884(UC), May,
1886 (UC), K. BRANDEGEE, June 16, 1907 (UC); San
.Joaquin Co., Farmington, TRACY 5787, May 25, 1921 (UC);
Stanislaus Co., between Oakdale and La Grange, JEPSON, July 1,
1897(GH) ; Merced Co., betw.een Volta & Gustine, J. T. HOWELL
13837,May 28, 1938 (POM); 2 miles NE. of Planada, May 27, 1937, R.
F.HOOVER 2302 (UC); M a d e ~ a Co., Chowchilla, May 29, 1938, J.
T.HOWELL 13840 (POM), HOOVER 3510 (UC); Fresno Co., 5 miles E.of
Clovis, May 27, 1937, HOOVER 2318 (UC); Tulare Co., Yettem,June 30,
1937, HooYER 2586 (UC).
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142 Darwiniana, t. 5, 1941
6. Boisduvalia tasmanica (HOOK. f.) MUNZ, novo comb.Oenothero
tasmanica HOOK. j., HOOK., Lond. Journ. Bot. 6: 475, 1847; FI.
Tasmaniae 1: 119, 1860; "Fl. A u . ~ t r a l i e n s i 8 3:
303,1866.Annual,branched from base, the stems slender,
crisp-puberulent,
2-10 cm. long, procumbent, simple or branched; lower leaves
opposite, others alternate, nearly or quite sessile, oblong,
obtuse, quiteglabrous, crisped and more or less denticulate, 8-12
mm. long, 2.5-5mm. wide, not much reduced up the stem; flowers
small, pink,solitary in the axils, sessile; hypanthium scarcely 1
mm. long; sepalslanceolate, 1.5-2 mm. long, subglabrous ; petals
pink, 2-2.5 mm. long,obovate, bilobed about half their length;
episepalous stamens slightlyexceeding sepals; epipetalous somewhat
shorter; anthers oblong;style not surpassing anthers j stigma
almost entire, elongate-capitate.capsule 1-1.5 cm. long, about 2
mm. thick, terete or slightly 1-angled, often somewhat curved,
puberulent; seeds about 1 mm.long, pIano-convex, subalate,
cellular-punctate, olive in colaI' withlighter margin.
Type locality, Marlborough, Van Diemen Land, Tasmania.MATERIAL
SEEN. TASMANIA: Marlborough, GUNN, Jan. 5; 1841,nQ 1065, type
collection (K, photo POM; isotype BM) ; Great Lake,Boggy Marsh ,
Central Plateau, L. S. GIBBS 6770, Feb., 1915(BM) ; Middlesei
Mains, Jan., 1909, ex R'ODWAY Herbarium (HO) ;near Lake St. Clair,
Dec., 1923, ex RODWAY Herbarium (HO).
Evidently very near to B. glabella, but apparently separable
byhaving the capsule enlarged somewhat in upper portion.
7. Boisduvalia glabella (NUTT.) WALP.WALPERfI, Repert. 2: 89,
1843.Oenotheraglabella NUTT. ex TORR. & GRAY, Fl. No. Amer. 1:
505,1840.
Sometimes simple, more frequently freely and decumbentlybranched
from base; stems 0.2-3 dm. long, slender, pale. glabrousto
pubescent, uniformly and rather densely leafy throughout j
leavessessile, lanceolate to lance-ovate to oblong, denticulate,
acute toobtusish, glabrous to pubescent, 4-15 mm. long, 2-7 mm.
wide; flowerssolitary in most leaf-axils, except sometimes the
lowermost;hypanthium about 0.5 mm. long, glabrous to puberulent;
sepalslance-ovate, glabrous to puberulent, about 1 mm. long;
petalspinkish or purplish-red, 2-4 mm. long, bilobed one-half to
one-third
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P. A. MUNZ, A Revision of the Genus Boisiluvalia (Onagraceae)
143their length, the lobes oblong to lance-ovate; episepalous
stamensone-half as long as petals; epipetalous one-fourth the
petals; anthersabout 0.5 mm. long; style 1.2-2.5 mm. long; stigma
very slightlylobed, subcapitate, 0.5 mm. long j capsule subterete,
with somewhatflattened sides, almost straight, pointed at apex,
puberulent, 5-8 mm.long, 1-1.5 mm. thick, loculicidal; seeds
narrowly and irregularlyobovoid or subfusiform, brownish, 7-14.in
each row, ca. 1 mm. long,one-third as thick.
KE Y TO VARIETIES OF B. GLABELLA'A. Leaves of upper branches
lance-ovate, not conspicuously overlapped norentirely concealing
capsules. Generally distributed. 7 a. var. typicaAA. Leaves of
upper branches ovate to oblong-ovate, densely overlapped and
con-
cealing the branches. Great Valley of California. 7 b. var.
campestris
7 a. Boisduvalia glabella (NuTT.) WALP. var. typica MuNZ,novo
nom.
Oenothera glabella NUTT., ex Toll.ll.. & GRAY, PI. No. Amer.
1: 505, 1840.Boisduvalia glabella WALP. , Rep. 2: 89, 1843;
TRELEASE, Rep. Mo. Bot.
Gard. 5: 117, pI. 23, 1894.B. diffusa Gll.EENE, Proc Acad.
Philad. 1895: 547, 1896.Oenothera pygmaea SPEGAZZTNI, Anal. Soc.
Cient. Argent. 48: 46, 1899;
Nov. Add. Fl. Patag. 1: 53, 1901. Boisduvalia pygmaea (SPEG.)
MUNZ,Physis 11: 278, 1933. Based on a collection from Chonkenk-aik,
byAMEGHlNo, which I have had privilege of studying.
FIGURE 6, for habit.Capsules not concealed by overlapping floral
bracts.Type locality, Plains of the Oregon east of W allawalIah
,NUTTALL. Growing in dry mud flats and vernal pools, Saskatchewan
to North Dakota, Utah and Southern California; southernArgentine.
For some time I believed the Argentinian plants separable from
North American ones, partly by their smaller size andmore reduced
parts, but careful study of a large series of specimensconvinces me
that it is impossible to distinguish plants of thesouthern
continent when one does not already know their source.North
American plants, such as YATES 5269, BAKER .1620, MANNING337,
BLANKINSHIP 188, etc. match them in all respects. Representative
material of B. glabella var. typica is as follows:
ASSINIBOIA,Saskatchewan, Crane Lake, July 3, 1894, MAOQUN 4938
(GH);Cypress Hills, Aug. 7, 1880, MACOUN 67 (GH). - WASHINGTON:
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144 Darwiniana, t. 5, 1941Whitman Co., Pullman, PIPER, June 23,
1897 (GB, NY), July'23,1897 (GB, POM); east of Walla Walla,
Oenothera '*' glabella,NUT TALL (GH, NY, photo of K specimen at
POM). - OREGON: E.HALL 190, in 1871 (GH, NY), BOWELL 702, in 1887
(GH); WallowaCo., 15 miles NE. of Enterprise, PECK 18401 (NY);
Marion Co ..Salem, J. C. NELSON 1872 (GB), 4633 (GB); B e n t o ~
Co" JunctionCity to Corvallis, ABRAMS 8739, July 5, 1922 (POM);
Wasco Co.,The Dalles, THOMPSON 11878, July 6, 1935 (GH, NY,
POM);SUKSDORF 862, June .12, 1886 (NY, UC); Josephine Co.,
GrantsPass,'T. HOWELL, in 1887 (NY); Lake Co., Button Springs,
LEIBERG793 (GH, NY, UC) ; Klamath Co., Yanix Reservation, Mrs.
AUSTIN& Mrs. BRUCE 1684 (POM) ; 2 miles s.E. of Keno, PECK 9381
(GB,NY) ; near Ft. Klama th, LEIBERG 647 (GB, NY, U C) . -
CALIF'ORNIA :Humboldt Go., Dobbyn Creek, TRACY 13349, July 9, 1934
(POM.UC) ; Miranda, TRACY 6341 (UC); Mendocino C o ~ , Ukiah,
BELLER,in 1902 (GR, UC); Siskiyou Co., plains of Shasta River, E.
L.GREENE in 1876 (F, GH); Modoc Co., 2' miles NE. of Alturas,
L.WHEELER 3894 (GB, NY) ; 1 mile S. of Clear Lake, L. WHEELER2351
(POM); Lassen Co., 10-15 miles W. of Amedee, M. E. JONESin 1897
(POM); Sonoma Co., W. of Windsor, near Russian River,BELLER 5784
(GB, NY, POM); Sierra Co., Sattley, YATES 5269(UC); Placer Co.,
Truckee, SONNE in 1893 (NY); Colusa Co.,Davistule near Willow Lake,
STINCHFIELD 446 (NY); Santa ClaraCo., between Gilroy and Morgan
Hill, ABRAMS 5666 (NY); Gilroyto Hollister, J. T. BOWELL 13802
(POM) ; San Luis Obispo District,
.E. PALMER 145% in 1876 (GR); Ventura Co., between Ventura&
Ojai, FEUDGE 1715 (POM); Los Angeles Co., Ballona Creek,MESMER,
June 6, 1901, ABRAMS 1740 (POM) ; Riverside Co., MuriettaBot
Springs. MUNZ 10802, May 20, 1927 (GB, POM); MenifeeValley, May 19,
1922, MUNZ & JOHNSTON 5368 (POM, UC) ; MysticLake, near Moreno,
May 21, 1922, MUNZ & JOHNSTON 5542 (POM,UC); San Diego Co., San
Diego, BRANDEGEE, May 8, 1902, distributed as C. F. BAKER 1620 (GB,
NY, POM, UC) ; National Ranch,San Diego, CLEVELAND 865 (UC), 868
(GB). - NORTH DAKOTA:Bettinger Co., Mott, Mrs. M. MEISSNER, July
28,1937 CF, GB, POM,UC). - MONTANA: Cascade Co., Sandcoulee,
ANDERSON, July 28,1887 (UC); Gallatin Co" BQzeman, BLANKINSHIP 188
(F. POM,UC) ; Wibaux Co., Wibaux, BLANKINSHIP, Aug. 15, 1903 (POM).
-IDAHO: Blaine Co., Lava Lake, DAVIS 693, July 27, 1938
(POM);Lincoln Co., Shoshone, July 18, 1911, NELSON'& MACBRIDE
1174 (GB,
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P. A. MUNZ, A Revision of the Ge'fIIUS Boisduvalia (Onagraceae)
145NY, POM, UC). - NEVADA: Washoe Co., Reno, HILLMAN (POM);Truckee
Valley, Aug . 1867, BAILEY 413 (GH) ; Ormsby Co., CarsonValley,
WATSON 413, Aug., 1867 (NY). - UTAH: Cache Co., DryLake, Aug. 13,
1929, GARRETT 5382 (POM), Aug. 7, 1933, GARRETT6474 (POM). -
ARGENTINE: Terr. Chubut, Wohlers, HICKEN 506,Feb. 5, 1914 (POM,
SI); entre Bolson y Colonia, Oct. 16, 1901,ILLIN 235 (BAF, G, POM)
; Chonkenk-aik, Aug. 1, 1897, C. AMEGIII-NO, type of B. pygrnaea
(LPS).
7 b. B. glabella (NUTT.) WALP. var. campestris JEPSONJEPSON, Fl.
W. Mid. Calij., ed. 2, 276, 1911.B. campestris JEPSON, Fl. W. Mid.
Ca,lij. ed. 1: 330, 1901.
Leaves of upper branches ovate to oblong-ovate, densely
overlapping and concealing the capsules.
Type locality, Little Oak, Vacaville, Solano Co., California.
Apoorly marked variety of the Great Valley of California, with
thesame compact habit as var. imbricata under B. densiflora.
Butsince in this case, it occupies a more definite region and is
notscattered throughout the range of the species, I am maintaining
itas a variety. Intergrades between var. typica and var.
campestrismay be cited: CALIFORNIA: Modoc Co., Tamarack Flat, Mt.
BidwelI,Mrs. MANNING 337 (UC); Butte Co., Between Nelson and
Durham,HELLER 11395 (GR, NY, UC); Solano Co., Suisun, BAKER
3213(POM, UC) ; Alameda Co., Livermore, J. T. ROWELL 5332 (POM);San
Mateo Co., Mt. Eden, K. BRANDEGEE in 1893 (UC); MontereyCo.,
between Parkfield & Cholame Ranch, EASTWOOD & HOWELL5896
(POM). Representative of the var. campestris, I cite
fromCALIJlIORNIA: Glenn Co., 5 miles NW. of Hamilton, HELLER
11557(GR, UC); Lake Co., Boggs Lake, K. BRANDEGEE (UC);
SnowMountain, T. S. BRANDEGEE in 1892 (UC) ; Colusa Co., College
City,ALICE KING (UC); Sacramento Co., Sacramento, H. F. COPELANDin
1934 (POM); Napa Co., Napa, SUKSDORF 692, July 28, 1913CGH) ;
Solano Co., Elmira, K. CURRAN in 1883 (GH) ; Contra CostaCo.,
Antioch, K. BRANDEGEE in 1905 (POM); between WalnutCreek and
),\iartinez, July 1, 1916, ABRAMs 5727 (NY); Pittsburg,July 20,
1929, J: T. HOWELL 4331 (POM, UC) ; San Joaquin Co.,Farinington,
June 11, 1936, HoovER 1301 (UC), TRACY 5788 (POM,DC) ; Stockton,
SANJlIORD 32 (UC); Merced Co., Athlone, May 30,1935, HOOVER 609
(UC); Stanislaus Co., 12 miles E. of Waterford,HoovER 3626
(UC).
D A R \ v I ~ l A N A . - T. V 10
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146 Darwiniana, t. 5, 1941
8. Boisduv.alia m a c t : a n t h ~ HELLERHl.'lLLER in
Ml.lhlenbergia 2.: 101, 1905.
FIGURE 7, for habit.Stems mostly erect, 1-10 dm. high, usually
simple, or few-branched
at base or above, the branches simple, plant glabrous near
bas.e,'villous above, sometimes partly reddish, leafy throughout;
the leavesrather crowded, lower ones subopposite, oblanceolate,
principal oneslanceolate, subopposite to alternate, sessile,
remotely serrulate, acuteto almost acuminate, ascending to erect,
2-4 cm. long, 5-9 mm. wide,upper ones villous, almol;>t ovate;
flowers solitary in upper axils;hypanthium villous, 2.5-3 mm. long;
sepals narrowly lanceolate,villous, 3-6 mm. long; peta.ls
rose-purple when dry, 7-10 mm. long,divided about half their
length, the lobes asymetrically rounded attips; episepalous stamens
two-thirds the petals; epipetalous onethird to one-half the petals;
anthers 0.6-1.4 mm. long; style slender,about three-fourths as long
as petals; stigma ca. 1 mm. wide, discoidwith 4 short lobes;
capsule sessile, lance-linear, quite straight, 1-2cm. long, 2 mm.
thick near base, with slender apical beak 2-3 mm.long, villous
loculicid;;tl; seeds 5-6 in each row, narrowly obovoid,2 mm. long,
brownish, somewhat shining, minutely cellular-punctateunder
magnification.
Type locality, 2 miles NE. of Redding, Shasta Co.,
California.Found from Modoc and Shasta Counties to Butte Co.
Characterized by its yellow-green foliage, rather crowded
serrulate, leaveswhich are equally distributed, and by the large
flowers. I haveseen the following material. CALIFIORNIA: Modoc Co.,
Little HotSpring Valley, June 4, 1894, M. S. BAKER & F. NUTTING
(UC);Shasta Co., near Redding, May 30. 1905, HELLER 7906, type
collection (GH, NY, UC), May 28, 1927, HELLER 14395, topotype
(GH,NY, POM, UC) ; 3 miles E. of Redding, May 22, 1936, R. F.
HOOVER
. 1193 (UC); Butte Co., field.s, June, 1897, Mrs. C. C. BRUCE
200E)(POM); rocks, March, 189S, Mrs. BRUCE 2006 (NY); Tab:1e
Mt.Olive Ranch north of Oroville, May 23, 1912, HELLER 10750
(GH,NY, UC); Durham, June 5; 1932, Mrs. J. H. M O R R l S O ~
(POM).
A specimen from IDAHO: 50 miles east of Boise City, June
10,1883, without collector (POM) seems referrable to this.
Whilesuch a distribution seems unbelievable, it is not altogether
out ofline with other cases I have seen, for instance, Epilobium.
obcorda .tum GRAY, common in the higher Serra Nevada of California,
and
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P. A. MUNZ, A Revision of the GenUIJ Boisduvalia (Onagraceae)
147in adjacent Oregon and Nevada, is found in the Sa-wtooth Mts.
ofIdaho; I have seen three such collections.
In its leaf-shape, B. rnacranthm suggests B. glabella; in habit
j tis more like B. pallid a and B. stricta, with all three of these
hagrees in capsule-structure.
9, Boisduvalia stricta (GRAY) GREENEGREENE, Fl. Francisc., 225,
1891; TRELEASE. Rep. Mo. Bot. Gard. 5: 117,pI. 24, 1894.Gayophytum
8 ~ r i c t w m GRAY, P'roc. Ame'r. Acad. 7: 340, 1867. Type
seen.Oenothera Torreyi S. WATS., Proc. Amer. Acad. 8: 600, 1873.
Boisduval'ia
Torreyi S. WATI>., Bot. Calif. 1: 233, 1876. I consider type
to be NewAlmaden, Santa Clara Co., Calif., TORREY 109, which I have
seen.Oenothera densijlora vat. tenella A. GRAY, Proc-. Amer. Acad.
8: 384, 1872.Type flOm Or,egon, E. HALL 189, which I have seen.
B. d i j j 1 ~ 8 a GREENE, Proc. Awd. PMlad. 1895: 547, 1896.
From Dry bedof the Upper Humboldt River, near Deeth, Nevada, Aug.
5, 1895 . Ihave been unable to locate the type specimen, but the
characters given(outwardly curving capsules, hirtellous foliage,
etc.) make certain thatit falls here.
Boisduvalia parvijlora HELLER, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 25: 199,
1898. Basedon HELLER 3411 from Lake Waha, Idaho, which I have seen.
I t is possiblethat such nort/lern material has laxer habit,
thinner leaves than doCalifornia plants, but the tendency is very
uncertain and I can findno morphological distinctions.
FIGURE 3, for habit.Stems 1-5 dm. long, simple and erect, or
more frequently with
few to several, erect or ascending, virgate branches from near
thebase, pilose and quite canescent throughout; leaves linear to
lanceolate, 1-4 cm. long, 2-3 (5) mm. wide, pilose,acute, entire
tosharply denticulate, nearly or quite sessile, often r!lther
crowded,usually ascending, the upper ones somewhat reduced; flowers
solitary in the leaf-axils, often from near the very base of the
plant;hypanthium scarcely 1 mm. long; sepals about 1 mm. long,
pilose;petals rose-purple to violet to pale pink with darker veins,
1.5-2 (3)mm. long; episepalous stamens about one-third the length
of thepetals; epipetalous about one-fifth the petals; anthers 0.6
mm. long;style about 2 mm. long; stigma elongate-capitate, somewhat
lobed,1 mm. long; capsule somewhat 4-cornered and 4-ribbed, haFd,
slender,attenuate, usually with tip curved outward away from stem,
moreor less pubescent; tardily loculicidal, 6-10 (13) mm. long, 1 ~
1 . 5 mm.thick near base, the narrow beak-like apex 1-2 mm. long;
seeds
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148 Darwiniana, t. 5, 1941oblollg-ovoid, brown, about 1 mm.
long, cellular-pitted, 6-8 in eachlocule.
Type locality, Cloverdale, SOlloma Co., California. Growing
instream-beas or other moist places which dry with the
advancingseason, from Washington and Idaho to Nevada and Tulare
Co.,California. Variable as to pubescence, leafiness, leaf-width,
curvature of cap:;mle, habit, etc., but for the most part
distinguished byits grayish color, long stems with numerous, short
outwardly curvedshort-beaked capsules, ai1d by its small
flowers.
Representative material may be cited as follows:
WASHINGTON:'Washington Territory, in 1883, BRANDEGEE 788 (GR, UC) ;
SpokaneCo .. Spokane, SANDBERG, MACDoUGALL & RELLER 905, Aug.
16, 1892(GR, NY, POM); Whitman Co., Pullman, PIPER in 1897
(GH);1Nawawai, ELMER 757 (NY) ; Yakima Co., Rattlesnake Mts.
COTTONfi90, July 15, 1902 (GH) ; Yakima region, BRANDEGEE in 1882
(UC) ;Klickitat Co., Falcon Valley, SUKSDORF 558 (GH); Walla
WallaCo., Waitsburg, RORNER R176B210 (GR). - IDAHO: Kootenai
Co.,SANDBERG 285 (NY); Nez Perces Co., Lake Waha, July 10, 1896,A.
A. &.E. G. RELLER 3411, type collection of B. parviflora
(NY,POM, UC).-NEVADA: Rumboldt Co., E. Fork, Quinn River, TRAIN464,
July 20, 1937 (POM). - OREGON: without definite locality, E.HALL
189 in 1871, type Oe. densiflora var. tenella (GR, NY);Columbia
Co., St. Helens, J. HOWELL 176 (GH), July, 1876 (POM) ;Multnomah
Co., Willamette Heights, Portland, SHELDON Sl1174(GR, NY, POM) ;
Yamhill Co., Yamhill Valley, Mrs. SUMMERS in1878 (UC); Washington
Co., Tualatin Plains, HENDERSON 360{UC); Clackamas Co., Oregon
City, HARFORD & DUNN in 1869(NY) ; Marioll Co., Salem, J. C.
NELSON 1613 in part (GR) ; WascoCo., The Dalles, M. E. JONES in
1897 (POM) ; Josephille Co., GrantsPass, PIPER in 1904 (GR, US) ; J
ackson Co., 6 miles W. of Trail,HITCHCOCK & MARTIN 5074 (NY,
POM) ; Klamath Co., THoMPsoN12189 (NY, POM); Harney Co., Alvord
Lake, spelled Alwood,LElBERG 2530 (NY, POM, UC). - CALIFORNIA:
Humboldt Co., Forksof Dobbyn Creek, TRACY, June 19, 1916, n9 4728
(UC); MendocinoCo., Ukiah, July 11, 1902, HELLER (GH, UC) ; 20
miles N. of Willits,Aug. 9, 1936, MUNZ 14325 (POM) ; Sonoma Co.,
Cloverdale, in 1867,BOLANDER 6535, type collection of B. stricta
(GH, DC, US) ; ShastaCo., Goose Valley, EASTWOOD 771 (GH, NY);
Montgomery Creek,EASTWOOD 669 (GR, NY) ; Tehama Co., Coyote Creek
bridge southof Red Bluff, ROOVER 3589 (UC) ; Butte Co., airport
north of Chico,
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P. A. MUNZ, .A Revision of the Genus Boisduvalia (Onagraccae)
149HELLER 15107 (NY, POM) ; 8 miles north of Oroville, HELLER
11388(GH, NY, DC); Placer Co., St. Lawrence, M. E. JONES ill
1882(POM) ; Eldorado Co., Simpsons Ranch, Sweetwater Creek,
K.BRANDEGEE in 1907 (POM, UC) ; Amador Co., Jackson, HANSON 281(UC)
; Stanislaus Co., 4 miles south of Oakdale, HOOVER 619
(UC);Calaveras Co., Milton, J. BURTT DAVY 1226 (UC); Tuolumne
Co.,Hetch Hetchy Valley, HALL'& BABCOCK 3375 (POM, UC) ;
MariposaCo., Bear Mt., TORREY ill 1865 (NY); Madera Co., 11.8 miles
NW.of Coarse Gold, June 28, 1938, CONSTANCE 2345 (NY, POM,
UC);Tulare Co., Dry Creek, JUSSEL in 1927 (POM); Lake Co.,
betweenBartlett Springs and Allen Springs, June 7, 1916, HELLER
12367(GH, NY) ; Napa Co., Wooden Valley Grade, J. T. HOWELL
13059(POM) ; Sacramento Co., North Sacramenta, May 13, 1917, F.
RA-MALEY 11241 (POM, UC) ; Solano Co., SUiSUll, BAKER 3206 (POM)
;Santa Clara Co., road to Madrone Springs, EASTWOOD &
HOWELL4537 (NY, POM) ; Pacheco Pass, May 3,1938, EASTWOOD &
HOWELL5320 (POM); New Almaden, TORREY 109, ill 1865 (GH, NY).
I take this last named collection by TORREY to be the type
numberfor Oenothera Torreyi; in his description, WATSON, Proc.
Amcl'.Acad. 8: 600, 1873, cited From Oregon (190 Hall) and
CentralCalifornia (Bear Mt., Borax Lake, and New Almaden,
Torrey)>>.Since he gave the name Torreyi, I w.ould select a
TORREY specimenas the type and since the only such at Gray
Herbarium whereWATSON worked seems to be TORREY 109 from New
Almadell, thisshould be selected as the type.
10. Boisduvalia pallida EASTWOODEASTWOOD, Lwflets W. Bot. 2: 54,
1937.
PIGURE 9, for habit.Usually branched from the base. sometimes
above, occasionally
simple, 1-4 dm. tall, branches erect, tomentulose and pilose,
glabrescent in age in lower parts, reddish, slender; leaves
lanceolate, acuminate to acute, subentire, subsessile, not crowded,
strigose tosubglabbrous, 1.5-5 cm. long, 3-6 (10) mm. wide, only
graduallyreduced upward; flowers axillary, even in lowermost axils;
hypanthium soft-pubescent, 2-3 mm. long; sepals 3-4 mm.
long,pubescent; petals reddish, 5-8 mm. long; episepalous stamens
aboutone-third as long as petals. epipetalous one-fourth the
petals; anthers0.6 mm. long; style 4-5 mm. long; stigma slightly
lobed, ca. 1 mm.
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150 DarwinimuJ., t .5 , 1941long; capsule 1.5-3 cm. long, 1.5-2
mm. thick at base, taperinggradually into slender, outcurved beak
2-4 .mm. long j seeds few,about 6 in each locule, brownish,
oblong-ovoid, 1.5-2 mm. long,cellular-pitted.Type locality,
GeorgeDillman Ranch, Goose Valley, Shasta Co.,California. A
somewhat doubtful entity, closely related to B.stricta with which
it grows j differing in the larger flowers, longercapsules with
longer beaks and larger seeds, and in the more localrange. From B.
macrantha, it differs in the more entire and lesscrowded leaves,
more grayish-green col or, curved fruits.MATERIAL SEEN. OREGON :
Josephine Co., Big ButteCreek, Sept.
3, 1917, RELLER 12970 (GB, NY) j Jackson Co., 7 miles SW.
ofProspect,June 28, 1939', HITCHOOCK & MARTIN 5006 (NY, POM)
;Wimer, July 26,1892, HAMMOND 149A (NY). -CALIF1ORNIA: ModocCo.,
Goose Lake, June, 1898, Mrs. AUSTIN & Mrs. BRUCE 426 (UC);Egg
Lake, M. S. BAKER in 1893 (UC); Davis Creek, Mrs. AUSTIN,July, 1894
(UC), July, 1895 (POM) j EASTWOOD & HOWELL 8126(POM) j Shasta
Co., Goose Valley, July 11, 1912, ,EASTWOOD 1021,type number (GR,
POM) jFall River Springs, June, 1903, HALL &BABCOCK 4180 (UC) j
Butte Co., Iron Canyon, Mrs. AUSTIN 135(UC) j Tehama Co., Coyote
Creek Bridge south of Red Bluff,June10, 1938, HOOVER 3588 (UC) j
Lassen Co., 1 mile east of Westwood, .HELLER 15295 (NY, POM)
jPlumas Co., Prattvilie, M. K JONES,July 2, 1897 (POM).
UNCERTAIN SPECIES1. Oenothera comrnixta GUFFR., and Oenothera
glabella race
cornnJ,ixta GUFFR. ex LEVL., Bull. Acad. Internat. Geogr. Bot.
18:308, 311, 1908. Inadequate description and lack of citation of
anyspecimens make it impossible for me to determine what this may
be .
2. Oenothera Torreyoides LEVL., l. c., 306 j Oenothera
densifloraTort'eyi LEVL., l. c., 313. Here again, neither
description nor citationof specimens make it possible to identify
what LEVEILLE had inmind. .
RESUMENEl autor haee la reviai6n del pequefio genero de
Onagraeeas, Boisdllvalia; b a s t i n ~ .dose en el estudio de
abundante material de herbario, que eita. DIJ. una clave delaa 10
especies que adrnite y describe estas plantas detalladamente
mEmcionaildo
la bibliografia y 108 sin6nimos. Antes se consideraba que este g
~ n e r o era norte y
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P. A. MUNZ, A Revision of the "Ge'fllU;s ' Botsduvalia >
(Onagraeeae) 151
sudamericano y contaba 7 especies: B. densiflora, B . .glabella,
B. stricta y B. cleis-togama en Norte America y B. roncinna, B.
8ubulata y B. Toeornalii en Chile.MUNZ completa 108 conocimientos
agregando dos especies norteamericanas: B.macrantha y B. pallidaj
comprobando que B. glabella del .aeste de NorteaIIiericaexiste
tambien en el sur de Argentina, siendo un notable ejemplo de
especie conarea disyunta; ademas agrega una especie de Tasmania,
pasando Oenolhera tasma-?lieu al genero que nos ocupa. Estas 10
e8pecies las agrupa en 3 secciones: Eucois-duvalia, nOI'. nom.,
Pachidium y Currania, novo sect. Da claves para las variedadE'sde
algunas especies polimorfas, como B. densiflora y B. glabella. La
Miniris traefiguras de 9 especies. - A. B.
EXPLANATION O ~ ' - PLATEFig. 1. - Boisduvalia densiflora var.
genuina: drawn from KEeK & HEUSI 301, from Mather, Tuo-
lumne Co., California: habitat an d fruit. "Fig. 2. - B.
cleistogama; drawn from HOWELL 5210, from Elmira, 80lano Co.,
California.Fig. 3. - B. stricta; drawn from TmiMPsoN 12189, from ~
l y , KlaIllath Co., Oregon.Fig. 4. -E . subuta!a; drawn from
LABITTE in 1937, from Puelo, Chubut, Argentina: habit an d
fruit.Fig. 5. - B. concinna; drawn from O. KUNTZE in 1892, from
Maule, Chile.Fig. 6. - B. glabella v. typica; drawn from M. E.
JONES in "1897, from "Amedee, California.Fig. 7. - B. ma.crantha;
drawn from RELLER 14395, from Reddirig, California.Fig. 8. - B.
Tocorntdii: drawn from GAY, from Chile.Fig. 9. - B. pallida; drawn
from Mr . AUSTIN 426, from Davi. Creek, northern California.
NEW NAMES AND COMBINATIONSBoisduvalia densiflora var. genuina,
novo nom., 133
forma imbricata, novo comb., 136var. salicina, novo comb.,
139
glabella vat. typica, novo nom., 143tasmanica, novo comb.,
142
Currania, novo sect., 127Euboisduvalia, novo sect., 127
INDEX OF CITED NAMES AND SYNONYMSBoisduvalia, 126
a,ndina PHIL., 128bipartita GREENE, 133campestris JEPSON,
145clE'istogama CURRAN, 127, 140concimna (D. DON) SPA CH, 126,
127, 128densiflora (LINDL.) S. WATS., 127,132, 133val'.
hipartita (GREENE), JEp
SON, 133var. genuilla MUNZ, 133, 136,
138, 139, 140
forma imbricata (GREENE) MUNZ,136, 145var. imbricata GREENE,
134, 136var. montana. JEPSON, '136var. paIlescens SUKSDORF, 138var.
salicilla (NUTT.) MUNZ,
136, 137, 138, 139diffusa GREENE, 143, 147DouglalSii SPACH,
133glabella (NUTT.) WALP., 124, 127,
142, 143, 147var. campestris JEPSON, 145var. typica MUNZ, 143,
145
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152 Darwiniana, t. 5, 1941imbricata HllLLER, 136macl'Ulltha
HELLER, 127, 146, 150pallida EASTWOOD, 127, 147, 149parviflora
H1ELLER, 147, 148pygmaea (SPEG.) MUNZ, 124, 143,145salicina RYDB.,
139
.spal'siflol'a RELLER, 139, 140sparsifolia NELSON &
KENNEDY,
.133, 135stricta (GRAY) GREENE; 127, 147,
150subulata (R. &: P.) RAIMANN, 127,
128, 130race COlleillll!L LEVL., 128tasmanica (HOOK. f.) MUNZ,
124,
142Torornalii C. Gay, 127, 131TOl'l'eyi S. WATS., 147Yolckmanni
PBIL., 127, 130, 131
Cl'atericarpium, 126:1rgyl'ophyllum SPACII, 130
Currania MUNZ, 127Dictyopetalum (FISCII. & MEY.) 'E'ND-
LICHER, 127Epilobiae, 126Epilobium, 127
obcordatum GRAY, 146Euboisduvalia MUNZ, 127
Gayophytum strictum GRAY, 147Niel'embel'gia subdentata MEYEN,
128Oenothel'a, 126, 127
caespitosa GILL., 128cleistogama LEVL., 140commixta GUFFR.,
150cOllcinna D. DON., 128.densifloJ'a LINDL., 127, 132, 133
val'. B TORR. &; GRAY, 139var. imhricata LEVL., 136val.
tellella. A. GRAY, 147, 148
densiflol'a Torreyi LEVL., 150gaurodes KUNTZE, 128glabella
NUTT., 142, 143race commixta GUFFR., 150
humifusa LINDL., 128humifusa NUTT., 128pygmaea SPEGAZZINI,
143salicilll1 NUTT., 139subulata R. &; P., 130tasmanica HOOK.
f. , 124, 127, 142TOl'l'eyi S. WATS., 147, 149Torreyoides LEVL.,
liiO'Ulliflora GILL., 130
Yolckmanni LEVL. &: GUFFR., 130Pachydium (FISCH. & MEY.)
ENDLI-
CBER, 127Zauschlleria, 127
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