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UN-HABITATUnited Nations Human Settlements Programme

Regional Office for Africa and the Arab States

Rapid Urban Sector Profiling for Sustainability (RUSPS)Project Designed by UN-HABITAT,

Implemented By GOPP, Ministry Of Housing , Infrastructure & Urban Development and Financed by Cities Alliance, UN-HABITAT, World Bank

MENIA

This report was prepared by RUSPS team of Egypt elaborating on information collected through interviews with key urban actors in Menia.

This project and report were managed and supervised by Ali El-Faramawy and important inputs were provided by Hassanien Abouzeid, Abdelwahab Helmy, Moustafa

Madbouly, Ghada Farouk Hassan, Heba Aboul Fadl, Mohab El Refaie, Doaa El Sherif, Alia El Mahdi, and Anwar El Nakeeb.

Graphic editing by: Hassanien Abou-Zeid

The designation employed and the presentation of the material in the publication do not imply the impression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the

United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries, or regarding its

economic system or degree of development. The analysis, conclusions and recommendations of the report do not necessarily reflect the views of the United

Nations Human Development Settlements Programme (UN-HABITAT), the Governing Council of UN-HABITAT or its Member States

Excerpts from this publication may be reproduced without authorization, on condition that the source is indicated.

© United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-HABITAT), 2006HS Number: N/A

ISBN Number: N/A

United Nations Human Settlements Programme Publications can be obtained from UN-HABITAT Regional and Information Offices or directly from:

United Nations Human Settlements Programme P.O. Box 30030, GPO 00100

Nairobi, KenyaFax:(25420)762 4266/7

E-mail: unhabitat@unhabitat.org Website: http://www.unhabitat.org

TABLE OF CONTENTS

MENIA PROFILE – EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ….………… 2MENIA PROFILE – INTRODUCTION ……….………..…...3MENIA PROFILE – BACKGROUND ……….....………...…4MENIA PROFILE – GOVERNANCE ………………………9MENIA PROFILE – SLUMS & SHELTER …………..……..11MENIA PROFILE – GENDER AND HIV/AIDS ........................13MENIA PROFILE – ENVIRONMENT ......................................15MENIA PROFILE – BASIC URBAN SERVICES .....................17

MENYA PROFILE – LOCAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ........... 19PROJECT PROPOSALS GOVERNANCE ... ..................................................................21 SLUMS & SHELTER ............................................................... 23 GENDER AND HIV/AIDS ....................................................... 25 ENVIRONMENT . ................................................................... 27 BASIC URBAN SERVICES ................................................... 29 LOCAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT .................................. 33

FOREWORD

As part of our drive to address this crisis, UN-HABITAT is working with the executive committee of the European Union (EU) and other partners to support sustainable development around the world. Given the urgent and diverse needs, the agency found it necessary to developing a tool for rapid assessment to guide immediate, mid and long term interventions. In 2004, UN-HABITAT’s Regional Office for Africa and Arab States took the initiative to develop the approach further for application in over 24 countries. This was achieved in collaboration with many departments within the agency The implementation of the RUSPS was supported by the governments of Italy, Belgium and Netherlands as well as Cities Allianace, WB and GTZ in Egypt.

The idea behind RUSPS is to help formulate urban poverty reduction policies at the local, national and regional levels through rapid, participatory, cross cutting, holistic and action oriented assessment of needs. RUSPS initially addressed four main themes governance, slums, gender and environment. It seeks to build a national profile and three city profiles.

In Egypt the RUSPS has been implemented in Alexandria and Suez and has extended to five other cities. Two sectors where added, namely economy and infrastructure and in Rosetta an

additional sector – Heritage - was further required. More importantly, the RUSPS has been

adapted to a variety of needs and served many national programmes and projects.

I wish to acknowledge the contribution of the team in Nairobi with the leadership of Dr.

Mohamed El-Sioufi, the efforts of Dr. Ali El-Faramawy, UN-HABITAT Programme Manager

in Egypt, and Dr. Hazem El-Koeidy, Chairman of the General Organization for Physical Planning.

Furthermore, I wish to thank the local team of experts implementing and adapting the RUSPS in Egypt, namely, Dr. Ghada Farouk, Dr. Mohab El-Refaei, Dr. Hebatallah Abou El-Fadl, Dr. Mostafa

Madbouly, Dr. Doaa El-Sherif, Dr. Hassanein Abou Zied, Dr. Abdel Waab Helmy, and Dr. Mohamed Eid as well as the many planners,

architects and engineers supporting the team.

I would like to wish the Ministry of Housing, Utilities and Urban Development and all who

have participated in and supported this initiative success in implementing the various programmes that were based on the RUSPS method. I am also

looking forward to supporting further efforts in the development of Egypt’s urban sector.

Anna K. Tibaijuka

Under Secretary General of the United Nations, and

Executive Director UN-HABITAT

Egyptian cities are confronted in the new

Millennium with problem of accommodating the

apparently rapid growing populations in cities and

providing them with tenure, infrastructure and

shelter while ensuring sustainability as well as

enhancing economic growth.

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YEXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Introduction

The Rapid Urban Sector Profile for Sustainability (RUSPS) is an accelerated and action oriented urban assessment of needs and capacity-building gaps at the city level. It is currently being implemented in well over 20 countries in Africa and the Arab States. RUSPS uses a structured approach where priorities interventions are agreed upon through consultative processes. The RUSPS methodology consists of three phases: (1) a rapid participatory urban profiling, at national and local levels, focusing on Governance, Slums, Gender, and HIV/AIDS, Environment and proposed interventions, and due to the local conditions the world Bank and the Egyptian government added two issues of important local concerns these are: Local Economic Development and Basic Urban Services; (2) detailed priority proposals; and (3) project implementation. RUSPS in Egypt encompasses a national profile, as well as profiles for Alexandria, Suez, Menia, Baltim, Tanta, Menouf and Rosetta, each published as a separate report. This is Menia report and it includes a general background, a synthesis of the six themes, Governance, Slums, Gender and HIV/AIDS, Environment, Local Economic Development, Basic Urban Services and priority project proposals.

Background

Lying under the jurisdiction of Menia Governorate, and following the Local Unit of County and City of Menia, it is located on the western bank of the river Nile in Upper Egypt. The city is approximately 247 km away from Cairo with a total are of 11km2.

Governance

The local authority in Menia is well advanced in partnerships and has succeeded in attracting donor funding for the various projects around the Governorate. Many NGOs are implementing projects in Menia. The governorate was the first to establish a department of Women’s affairs and a department for International cooperation. Menia governorate has been blessed by an active governor who is proactive and expresses the willingness to improve the city by enabling partners. A high level of transparency exists in Menia city.

Slums and Shelter

Menia governorate is considered rural governorates where 82% of its population live in villages; the total population is 4.54 million in 1983 according to (Ministry of Local Development). There are 30 informal areas on the governmental level, where 273,000 (49% of the total of urban population) persons live. This resulted in Menia governorate being classified among the top ten governorates with informal areas. The population of Menia city in 2005 was 210,000 persons 118,000 persons of which residing in 14 informal areas.

These informal areas are concentrated in the western region (10 areas) and the southern region (4 areas) within the city. About 56% of the population in Menia reside in informal areas. Informal areas cover an area estimated at more than 1.3 km2 in the western region with a population density of 87,000 persons/km2; this is equivalent to five folds of the average population density. 41% of the informal areas are located in the southern region where 54% of the total population of informal areas in the city with a population density that is equivalent to seven folds of the average population density .Slums constitute a minor portion (5%) of informal settlements.

Gender and HIV/AIDS

Menia city is characterized by the establishment of a Gender Department according to the law 66 / 2003 on the

governorate level. This Department is specialized in supporting activities and programs oriented to serving the

women issues, and to co-ordinate with different bodies and societies, particularly, the National Council for Women.

Menia city was careful establish a department International Co-operation to co-ordinate with the donors and the civil

society foundations. In Menia there are more than 1050 non-governmental organizations working in various fields serving

the community, health, education, environment and has a vast activity in supporting the gender related issues.

Environment

Menia City is located on El-Mouhiet drain which suffers from multiple sources of pollution. Agricultural, industrial

waste as well as raw sewage is disposed off directly in to the drain. In addition, a number of secondary drains are flowing

into it, carrying extra pollution from other governorates.

Basic Urban Services

The most important issues facing the city are:The proportion of leakages in in the drinking water network

is estimated at 37% .Sanitary services covers most of city but is lacking in most

surrounding villages. The treatment plant does not cover the amounts of sewage generated in the city..

The absence of an integrated system of solid waste management with a lack of healthy dump site to get rid of

hazardous wastes after burning.Use of open back pick-up vehicles to transport individuals from the city to the surrounding villages, is a threat to the

lives of individuals.

Local Economic Development

The population in Menia is estimated to be 3.8 million , and the per capita share of the total local domestic product is

4,061 LE (the general Egyptian average is 7,542). Menia is one of the main agricultural governorates in Egypt as the

agriculture area is estimated to be 6.5% of the total Egyptian agriculture areas. There are many potential touristic sites as

well as recently established industrial areas.

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The Rapid Urban Sector Profiling For Sustainability

The Rapid Urban Sector Profiling for Sustainability (RUSPS) consists of an accelerated and action-oriented

assessment of urban conditions, focusing on priority needs, capacity gaps and existing institutional responses at local

and national levels. The purpose of the study is to develop urban poverty reduction policies at local, national and

regional levels, through an assessment of needs and response mechanisms, and as a contribution to wider-

ranging implementation of the Millennium Development Goals. The study is based on analysis of existing data and a series of interviews with al relevant urban stakeholders,

including local communities and institutions, civil society, the private sector, development partners, academics and others. This consultation typically results in a collective

agreement on priorities and their development into proposed capacity-building and other projects that are all

aimed at urban poverty reduction. RUSPS is being implemented in well over 20 Africa and Arab countries,

offering an opportunity for comparative regional analysis. Once completed, this series of studies will provide a

framework for central and local authorities and urban actors, as well as donors and external support agencies.

Methodology

RUSPS consists of three phases:

Phase one consists of rapid profiling of urban conditions at national and local levels. A representative of small, medium and large cities are selected to represent wide range of local conditions and are studied to provide a

representative sample in each country. The analysis focuses on six themes: Governance, Slums, Gender, and

HIV/AIDS, Environment, Local Economic Development and Basic Urban Services. Information is collected through

standard interviews and discussions with institutions and key informants, in order to assess the strengths,

weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) of the national and local urban set-ups. The findings are

presented and refined during city and national consultation workshops and consensus is reached

regarding priority interventions. National and city reports synthesize the information collected and outline ways

forward to reduce urban poverty through holistic approaches.

Phase two builds on the priorities identified through pre-feasibility studies and develops detailed capacity building

and capital investment projects.

Phase three implements the projects developed during the two earlier phases, with an emphasis on skills

development, institutional strengthening and replication.

This report presents the outcomes of RUSPS Phase one at the local level in Menia.

INTRODUCTION

RUSPS in Menia

RUSPS in Menia is one of the six similar exercises conducted in Egypt, beside those in Alexandria, Suez, that represent medium sized coastal cities, Baltim and Menouf represent a sample of small cities on the coast and in the agricultural heartland, Tanta represents a sample of medium sized Cities in the delta and Rosetta a city where cultural heritage is vulnerable. Menia is a sample of cities in the heart of Upper Egypt. Each city is published in a separate report.

In Menia, many national development projects are being implemented such as the national rural development strategies, the national project for developing the western expansion, and many pro poor and slums projects financed and directed by NGOs or others where foreign donors are involved. The aim of RUSPS is to develop options for formal inter-agency collaboration in order to create a coordination body integrating a wide range of stakeholders in a single response mechanism

Report structure

This report consist of :

1. A general background of the urban sector in Menia based on the findings of Menia assessment report, a

desk study, interviews and a city consultation that was held in Menia in May 2006 (see back cover for a list of participants in the City Consultation). The background includes data on administration, urban

planning, economy, informal and private sector, urban poverty, infrastructure, water. sanitation,

public transport, energy, health and education on both governmental and city level;

2. A synthetic assessment of six main areas Governance, Slums, Gender, and HIV/AIDS,

Environment, Local Economic Development and Basic Urban Services in terms of the institutional

set-up, regulatory framework, resource mobilization and performance; this second section also highlights agreed priorities and includes a list

of identified projects;

3. The third and last section includes a SWOT analysis and outlines priority projects proposals for

each theme. The proposals include beneficiaries, partners, estimated cost, objectives, activities and

outputs.

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Menia city represents the capital of northern upper Egypt which consists of Menia, Fayuom, Bany Sweef governorates. Menia governorate oversees 9 districts ; each with it city (Menia – Abu-Kurkas – Al Adwa – Dier Mawwas – Matay – Maghagha – Mallawy – Bany Mazar – Sammalut).Menia center has 3 urban groups in addition to the Menia city (Menia city, New Menia, and extended rural sector). The Menia city consists of the local unit of Menia center and seven rural units which are : Bany Ahmar – Mekka – Dashmir – El-Borgaya – Nazlet Hussein – Saft El-Khamar – Tookh El-Kheel, while the city consists of three neighborhoods :1- The northern neighborhood: Extends from the beginning of the city in the north (El-Ekhsas region) until Al-Ezaby street in the south.2- The southern neighborhood: Extends from Al-Ezaby street till the end of the city in the south ( Kedwan region).The western neighborhood: Extends from Shalaby region in the north until the south of the city (Kafr Al-Mansoura region) west of the railroad and this neighborhood is split vertically by Al-Ibrahimeyya canal.

Location:

Menia city is located at a distance of 247 km from Cairo at the intersection of longitude 30’ 45’’ east and latitude 28’ 05’’

north, west of the River Nile at the center of Menia governorate.

The city is oversees administratively a number of villages, from the north of the city of Sammalut at a distance of 25 km and from the south the city of Abu-Kurkas at a distance of 20 km. Menia city is considered as the urban, administrative, touristic and educational capital of Menia governorate with the area of 11 square kilometers.

Roads and Entrances:

The city is a linear and runs parallel to the river Nile. It is bound by the eastern desert road form the east and the and western desert road from the west. The city is penetrated by the agricultural road and Al-Ibrahimeya canal running north-south and by transversal axis running east-west. the new bridge axis which connects the west and east river banks and connects the southern city entrance to the eastern desert road and the Tella

region in the west.

City Background

Menia City Divisions:

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Menia City Master Plan

Master Plan ConceptThe master plan priorities are: conserving agricultural land, delineating neighborhood structure, hierarchy of

service distribution, and making use of interlocking areas in compensating for the weakness of services.

- Proposed urban housing regions

- Phased renewal and replacement

- Raising urban level regions

- Good Housing regions - Rural regions

- Commercial services center

- Agricultural services center

- Workshops, storage and industrial areas

- Private regions

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27

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25

26

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30

1976 1986 2005

Demographic indicators:

YearNo. of

InhabitantsGrowth

rate

1960 100 2.87

1976 146.4 2.37

1986 179 2.03

1996 201.4 1.18

2005 210 2.4

2007 229 4.5

2012 243 1.22

2017 258 1.24

2020 267 1.16

49,203

Inhab.Families

216,000

4.39 person/ family

2.19 person / room

No. of inhabitants

1996

Family

Size

Crowd ness

ratio

Economic indicators and special activities

The development of the labor ratio to the total no. of inhabitants.

Labor distribution ratio:• Industry 12%

• Agriculture and hunting 4%• Building and construction 5.6%• Storage and transportation 9.1%

• Commerce 10.1%• Services 51.9%

Available Investment Fields:Tourism: Monuments and historical locations from different ages (Pharonic, Greek, Coptic, Islamic and

modern) in addition to River Nile axis.Industry: Mining treasures represented in ( Pure

lime stone - hard lime stone – clay stone).Agriculture: The area of agricultural land reaches

452,000 feddans with the ratio of 6.5% of the agricultural land in Egypt.

Animal wealth is about 69,000 animal which is about 31% of the total number of animals in the

republic.

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The City Strategic Development Plan:

The GOPP prepared a structural plan for Menia city which approved by the Minister of Housing, Utilities and Urban Communities in year 1997.The plan: Sought to connect the city with the other close urban communities; Outlined methods and directions of urbanism without affecting the architectural style of the city; and Provided the city with alternating axis between the regional road (Cairo/Aswan) and the chorniche road.

The GOPP prepared a Master Plan for Menia city which was approved by the Minister of Housing, Utilities and Urban Communities by ministerial decree no. 66 / 1999.The plan: Pointed out the urban cordon and the various land use and the neighborhoods suggested till the year 2020; Pointing out the regions with special properties (cultural – natural – religious); Made use of the internal spaces in the city urbanism; and Pointing out the optimum city volume (city capacity).

The urban development programs in the city:

In the field of water and sewage networks:

Constructing 8 water plants in Mallawy, Bany Maraz, Abu-Kurkas, Sammalut, Menia and Deir Mawwas.Replacing, renovation and providing 240 villages with water networks.Constructing sewage plants in the centers of Al-Adwa, Maghagha, Bany Maraz, Matay, Sammalut, Menia, Mallawy and Deer Mawwas.The total investment in water and sewage is about 1,380 million.

In the field of slums:Providing the regions deprived of services and Upgradng Eshash Mahfouz area.

Capital investment in high priority porjects:

The Menia governorate has constructed a number of infrastructure projects in the field of electricity, potable water, roads paving, enhancing performance, environmental sustaiability and sewage in the 9 Markaz (district) of the governorate with investment reaching 88,24,000 Egyptian pounds.

In the field of electricity the rapid plan investment reached 25,070,000 and in potable water 17,481,000 and in paving roads 17,082,000 and in developing performance 15,742,000 and in environment 12,363,000 and in sewage 502,000 Egyptian pounds.

The Economic linkages between the informal settlements and the other regions.

Informal areas are considered shelter areaas for for the poor, e.g. peddlers.

The survey of the informal settelments showed that there are 55,004 families in Menia city, 922 poor

families live in slums. These represent 8.8% of the city population.

Abu-Helal region was provided with sewage networks during the national project for developing

informal settlements with a cost of 15 million Egyptian pounds. `

Important development programs in the city

The ongoing development programs in the city are: Providing deprived areas with infrastructure.

Upgrading informal areas. Providing job and developing sources of local

income.

Description of the local government and other main partners:

GovernorGovernor

City MayorCity Mayor

District ChiefsDistrict Chiefs

Local governmentLocal government

PartnersPartners

ExpertsExperts

NGO’sNGO’s

Businessmen / Businessmen / private sectorprivate sector

People’s People’s councilcouncil

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- The number of employees and workers in the governorate is 16980 (15554 of men with the

percentage of 91.6% and 1426 of women with the percentage of 8.4% distributed according to job

rank.

Administration structure : The governor is employed by the central government. The governor recommends the cities and neighborhoods presidents who are employed according to this recommendation. The executive council of the city is appointed and not elected The members of the people’s council are elected according to the recommendation of their parties or independent and in coordination with the security officials. For the National Party, the recommendation is approved by the governor. The people’s local council is advisory body that supervises the executive council.

The local authority works on attracting new independent resources for carrying out projects. The share of these independent sources in some cases exceeds 50% of the project budget.

Resource Mobilization:

The city has various income resources:Housing Fund:Sources for the Housing Fund includes selling land and public property, rent collected form residential units and agricultural land, buildings taxes.Services Fund:Sources for the Services Fund includes fees form electricity, sanitation, water and hotels which is spent over youth employment and services and production projects.Sanitation Fund:From sanitation fees which are paid with building taxes which is spent over the field of work of sanitaton companies. There are other resources such as those related to the Butagas Project, bus stops, bread distribution, poultry and natural gas although some of these projects has stopped.Privatization of some of the projects lead to the weakness of the role of the local administration in providing the city with job.

Background:

The data for budgets are unavailable for public except with a specific permission, thus has made it difficult to

estimate the efficiency of the government in mobilizing local resources.

The city mayor and district chiefs are responsible for their jurisdiction and they are all appointed by the governor. The plans are reviewed by people’s council (elected) for approval. Although local administration law indicates that the people’s council supervises local administration, the council is weak. The constitution guarantees the people’s rights in having primary services. The city lacks a participatory vision for urban development. The published data doesn’t permit performance evaluation (the budget is not available to private sector.) The city local budget data is not shared except with the people’s council for supervision. Independent supervision and check over the local administration accounting is accomplished by the financial supervisor at the ministry of Finance annually. The local administration is responsible for declaring underbids. There is an office for receiving people’s complains and the role of the people’s council is more efficient in solving people’s problems.

Performance and Responsibility:

Neither the police nor any other local authority publishes a policy for crime control. There is an office responsible for receiving people’s complains, There is negligible representation for women in people’s councils (0.07%) which is a very small percentage while the percentage of women voting in the elections is about 40% of the total number of women who have the right to vote.

Security and Representation

URBAN GOVERNANCE

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Institutional Assessment

There is an efficient Department of Women affairs in the local authority; The is a strong women representation in the local administration although there is no present mechanism to guarantee the volume of this representation. Women are lesser represented in High ranking jobs There is a distinguished role for women in NGO’s and the National Council for Woman; The approval of the people’s council on proposed projects and the budget is the only entry point for the participation of civil society in community development decision making; The NGO’s demands the revision of the law to increase their role in participation. All plans are declared in the people’s councils for opinions before approval. Employment takes place through advertising and competitions.

The weakness of abilities and performance as a result of weak salaries and the lack of motivation. The local administration always declares the importance of participation. The lack of equipment and programs to assess the administration. There is a gap in collecting fees because the law has stopped any action against not paying the fees. The actual budget represents 51% from the total expected income.

Capacity Building and Training

Menia city president

City vice president

Local unit general secretary

Contracts

Information center

Women affairs

Environmental affairs

Supervision and planning admin.

Engineering admin.

Public worksPropertyUtilitiesEngineering admin. subdivisions

PurchasesHousing & RentsWorking and administrative affairs

Births

Law

DeathsSafe

Storage

Urban planning

Housing

Public relations

GOVERNANCE

N° 1

Project proposal page 22

Constructing a data base using GIS for running the urban mass.

GOVERNANCE

N° 2

Project proposal page 22

Building health centers for neighborhoods

GOVERNANCE

N° 3

Project proposal page 22

Programs for qualifying the administration employees for participation with NGOs and the private sector

GOVERNANCE

N° 4

Project proposal page 22

Agricultural services building project

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SLUMS & SHELTER

Menia governorate is considered a rural governorate where 82% of its population lives in villages. The total

population is 4.54 million according to the survey carried out by the Ministry of Local Development in 1993. There

are 30 informal areas on the governmental level, where 273,000 (49% of the total of urban population) persons

are living. This has categorizing Menia governorate among the top ten governorates with informal areas.

According to the census, Menia city in 2005 was 210,000 persons with about 118,000 persons residing 14 informal areas in the governorate. These areas are concentrated in the western region (10 areas) and the southern region (4

areas) in the city. About 56% of populations in Menia reside in an informal areas. Informal areas in the western

region cover more than 1.3 km2 with population density of 87,000 person/km2 that is equivalent to 5 fold of the

average population density. 41% of the informal areas are located in the southern region where 54% of the total population of live in informal areas in the city with a population density that is equivalent to 7 fold of the

average population density.

REGULATORY FRAMEWORK

• There is no legislation that allows selling state-owned lands to the people who control it after the issuing of

law 31 / 1984; since that date the controller is a ‘transgressor’ on state-owned land.

• Eviction for some people was carried out to construct Menia bridge and temporary housings were provided

for the people.• There is a common trend towards developing scattered areas. The Prime Minister has issued three resolutions to organize the transfer of ownership in the scattered areas, the most prominent of which was the resolution number

1558 that contributes to the processes of clearing and upgrading an area for the ‘public good’.

• There is an authorized master plan for Menia city. The mater plan outlines all land uses for the city, yet to-date there is no detailed plans to implement the master plan.

• The local authority encourages developing the scattered areas by providing resources and facilities. These

activities are ongoing now.

BEST PRACTICEEgyptian family development

With the support of USAID, the local administration undertook a housing social survey to assess the situation of poor families.

The survey included questions that assessed the standards of living for population. Multiple questionnaires were used to determine the distributions of poor families in the region in July 2005.

The survey showed that in Menia city there are 55,004 families, among them 922 poor families (8.8%) of the population resided in scattered informal areas.

The survey also showed that 15.4% live in shacks distributed in 8 areas and that 104,141 individuals live in areas exposed to floods, and about 18,893 individuals live under or near the high voltage cables.

THE SECURITY OF TENURE

• Informal settlements encroached over both agricultural and desert land in Menia. These settlements have acquired

a diversity of shapes and patterns according to the ownership patter of land they transgressed. Although this massive illegal activity has been going on for the past 30

years, the resident population in these area feel secure and are reluctant to legalize their land and housing units.

• The government provided alternative housing units for people evacuated for the ‘public good’; the most recent

was the evacuation of residence to build a bridge over the Nile. The alternative housing units are leased with where

fees are minimal and paid annually.• The city Master Plan does not allocate land for the poor

people or those of no income.• Data about the distribution of informal settlements helps

identify their needs and consequently is an asset to devising response mechanisms.

ABU-HILAL REGION

According to the census, 66.723 individual live in informal areas in the Abu Hilal region. This region covers an area of 1.5 km2. It includes 4 primary schools and a secondary school.

This region is considered one of the poorest regions in Menia. There, the unemployment is high, water and sewage networks were provided by the national project for upgrading informal settlements with costs of 15 million EGYP, yet, the area still suffers weak supply of water and that it does not, due to low pressure, reach upper floors. And finally the area suffers from accumulation of solid waste and general deterioration in health due to absence of medical facilities in the Abu-Helal area.

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AGREED PRIORITIES• Including the needs of the low income in

plans and policies;• Secure tenure;

• Providing the suitable shelter; and • Mobilizing resources.

SLUMS

N° 1Project proposal page 24

Relocation and re-use of Ashash Mahfouz and Medinat Al-Omal

INSTITUTIONAL SETUP AND BUILDING CAPACITY

• Both the government and Social Fund for Development co-operate in the upgrading of informal settelments.

• Local administration encourages co-operation with donor and international bodies to develop informal

areas. Development activities are ongoing in informal areas in the western region through a Swiss donation

while USAID contributes to providing the utilities network in the city.

• Several societies work in informal areas with no mechanism to coordinate between them.

• There have been several training sessions sponsored by the ministry of Local development in SAQARA. These

were found to be ineffective. local stakeholders have identified their training needs as follows:

o strengthening the community participation, o Providing information technology, and

o developing the skills of NGOs.

RESOURCE MOBILIZATION

• Supplying public utilities, i.e. water, electricity, paving and lighting roads, are the priorities for upgrading

informal area of Menia; these are funded by the emergency fund.

• The city finances the provision of health and education from the national budget.

• Although there is abundance in schools in some informal areas yet most still suffer dropout form

education, shortage in medical services, and limited presence of security. This threatens the prevalence of

social ills and high rate of crime especially under increasing poverty and rising rate of unemployment.

• Resources that finance development projects are varied. These sources include: national budget, donors, Social

fund for Development, and religious societies like (Caritas).

• There are 7 non-governmental organizations that work in Abu Hilal, their efforts are restricted to giving out monetary aids and undertaking medical campaigns.

Several organizations look after women lead households (about 25% of families).

• The nonexistence of official documents, e.g. birth certificates and marriage licenses, is a phenomena in

poor areas and is one of the most important obstacles facing the poor in accessing loans.

• `Ishash Mahfuz area is considered one of the dangerous regions due to deterioration in social and economic conditions, absence of security, the wide spread of crimes, extreme poverty, unemployment and child

labor.

Patterns for informal areasFirst pattern: The non-official extension of

housing over arable lands. Internal migration resulting in housing extension in neighboring

villages that end up being a part of the city. An example can be seen in Ezbat Wakid.

Second pattern: Public housing projects that were built in the fifties and sixties, were not

maintained and random extensions in the form of rooms and balconies to meet the requirements of tenants has resulted in a general deterioration of

the buildings. This pattern can be found in Abu Hilal area and Al-Salakhaana at the south of Menia. This pattern represents about 35% of

housing in the city.

Third pattern: These are the buildings built as urgent housing for earth quake survivors. These

are 20m2 units residing in 6 story buildings with a common bathroom at the end of each floor. There

are 24 urgent buildings in Menia. In most cases the unit is inhabited by an extended family. This pattern includes about 21% of the population of

the city.

Fourth pattern: That are also shacks that house 8.5% of population. Most famous of which is

Ishash Mahfuz in Abu Hilal area.

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• many policies that support women are carried out by central government, particularly, through the National

Center for Women at Menia. This branch observes, and evaluates the development policies within the governorate,

and raises monthly reports to the secretariat in the central national center about the information, data, and issues that are identified in the governorate as well as gives advice on

how to resolve them.

• The Department of Woman’s Affairs and the branch of the National Center for Women unit all local government

and non-governmental organization towards comprehensive development and improving performance

by emphasizing effective social participation.

ACCOUNTABILITY AND INSTITUTIONAL SET-UP

THE POLICY AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK

• The procedures adopted to maintain security and reduce the accidents of rape in homes and public places

are accomplished through educating the public on the importance of women in the society, spreading

religious awareness, lighting all streets and roads, and improving the performance of policemen.

• The authorities that receive and respond to complaints of violence are the Family Court, Consultation and

Guidance Bureaus .

• The decrease in sensitivity concerning violence against woman is due to the complexity of the dogmatic social

pressures and the cultural legacy.

• Some customs contribute to the bias against woman, e.g. the desire to beget males.

• The local administration, through the department of women affairs, co-ordinates between all authorities and

foundations of civil society to execute A specialized gender program. Their achievements are:

– Co-operation with the authority for eradication of illiteracy and educating the senior succeeded in

eradicating the illiteracy of 3,171 students (65%) and about 400 additional class were opened.

– Co-operation with woman secretariat in the national party by holding health awareness seminars .

– Co-operation with the Directorate of Culture, the National Council for Woman, and the secretariat of the National Party in holding seminars on the importance

of the political participation of woman.

Menia city is characterized by the establishment of a special department for women affairs according to law

66 / 2003 in governorate. This department is required to support activities and programs that address woman issues, and to co-ordinate with different societies and the National

Council for Women.

With the abundance of donor assistance, Menia city was careful to establish a department for International Co-operation to co-ordinate with donor and civil society.

There are more than 1050 non-governmental organizations working in Menia serving communities in health,

education, and environmental sectors as well as activities that respond to gender related issues.

The rate of illiteracy at Menia city is 34%, this percentage increases in informal areas as there is a high rate of school

dropout and increasing child labor.

BEST PRACTICEBranch of High National Council of

Women at Menya• Facilitating access to personal identification

papers, electoral cards and the national number card by coordination with and between the

concerned national authorities. Many organization have contributed to this achievement, these are:

Jesuits, Frere, Salama Musa Foundation, and the Italian-Egyptian co-operation bureau. These

organizations have succeeded in issuing 18,000 Personal ids, 34,000 electoral cards for females

in the governorate.• Inauguration of 56 classes for eradication of

illiteracy delivered in women clubs and 18 classes delivered at health units.

• A revolving fund to support economically women lead households were extends to 93 families .

• Medical convoys in specialized in pediatrics and gynecology visited many governorate villages.

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• Including the issues of gender in the plans for development

• Activating the role of edification programs • Facilitating procedures for credits• Supporting the resources of income for the poor

woman • A guarantee for representation in popular

councils and leading ranks• Providing and supporting the convenient

facilities

AWARENESS and EMPOWERMENT

AGREED PRIORITIES• Mobilizing the Society of Egyptian Women to support

and strengthen woman affairs.• Facilitating and encouraging woman to issue electoral

cards to participate in the political arena.• The representation of woman is limited to the popular

council of the governorate, there are only two representative. The number of women representatives ahs increases in the local councils.

• The Department of Woman Affairs effort is financed through a non-governmental organization affiliated to the Egypt Society for Women

• A periodical that promotes gender issues an women affairs exists. The periodical called the “ The voice of women”, is supported by other local radio channels.

• There is an Department for the International Co-operation that co-ordinates international efforts and donor bodies in the fields of developments.

GENDER HIV/AIDSN° 1

Project proposal page 26

Center for educating and training handicaps

BUILDING CAPACITY & TRAINING

• The branch of National Council for Woman co-coordinated with of the Department of Women’s Affairs in the Arab League as well as the Red Crescent to hold various trainings sessions:

– Training in social development fields and first aid;

– Training in computer and English language for girls; and

– Training for social specialists, nurses, doctors.

• Among the obstacles that confront women is the weakness in project management skills and in rehabilitation;

• Bing together women into an effective political forum is a main obstacle;

• The absence of official documents, the prevalence of common marriages (Orfy), non registered persons, no guarantees that enable women for applying for loans;

• Customs and traditions that belittle woman hinder her progress

• violence against women goes un declared in many cases. This is due to the social and cultural sensitivities and stigma associated with the incident.

Woman and Labor

In Menia, women occupy about 20% of leading jobs, and occupy about 34% of the rest jobs at the governmental level.

However, the percentage of women working in the business sectors that are not recorded, e.g. selling food and the non-official activities, are not counted. There is a very high percentage of women (about 50%) working in informal areas. The percentage of families that are lead by women reaches 20% to 25% of families.

Assyout 52%

Al-Monoufya 19%

Cairo2%

21 Menia%

Rate of Poverty in Governorate1999-2000

National rate of poverty

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TTHE ENVIRONMENT

Introduction The city of Menia is located on El-Mouhiet

agricultural drain. This drain suffers from multiple pollution sources. Agricultural and industrial waste

are disposed into the drain as well as direct raw sewage. In addition, a number of secondary

drainages flow into El-Mouhiet drain, carrying extra pollution from other governorates.

Menia Governorate is currently exerting efforts to address sewage problem in order to cover all cities

by the end of 2006. The completion of such project will decrease pollution rates and consequently

decrease the spread of diseases. Menia Governorate developed many activities to improve solid waste (SW) service. However, some

coordination is still needed to achieve an integrated SW management system.

Legislative Framework• Law 4/1994 and it’s executive act are the current legislative framework for addressing environmental issues. • The law is implemented by filing citations and collecting fines.• The law is not sufficient. The slow court procedures and the time taken to finalizing environmental cases usually delays fines collection.• Collected fines go directly to the central fund for environmental preservation in EEAA in Cairo.• Only 4 EMU officials have legal enforcement authority. These four are requested to perform inspection work in nine (Marakez) with their affiliated villages. The lack of personnel is one of the main obstacles confronting Menia EMU work.

Best PracticesBest PracticesMenia Governorate efforts in the field of environmental protection

Environmental issues are mainstreamed in development plans and projects. Menia is considered one of the leading Governorates in environmental protection. Establishment of a union of community associations working in the environmental field. Menia environmental profile is currently finalized with support from DANIDA. Environmental Action plan for Menia Governorate will be the next step based on the profile. Filling ponds and pool sites and establishing environmental projects instead public parks. Establish a number of sewage disposal plants to cover un-serviced cities. Menia Governorate has the capability to cooperate with donor agencies such as Coptic Organization (Ceoss NGO), Swiss Egyptian Fund, Regional Union of NGOs and Italian Development Cooperation. An integrated solid waste management project was developed covering east Mania as a pilot project.

Urban Environment Issues Main issues at Menia Governorate level:• Water contamination of El-Mouhiet drainage is a result of direct disposal of sewage, agricultural and industrial waste. • Lack of sewage disposal service in five cities (Samaloot, Beni-Mazar, Matay, Magaga, Malawi). Sewage projects in the five cities are currently under construction by Menia governorate. • Lack of sewage disposal service in all governorate villages. These villages either drain directly to El-Mouhiet drainage, or to underground water. Drinking water is possibly withdraw from underground water by pumps thus representing a serious health threat.• High rates of diseases spread due to pollution, especially liver and kidney diseases.

Main issues at Menia city level:• Shortage in current sewage treatment plants.• Deterioration of the composting plant east of Menia city, and the need for its rehabilitation. • Lack of a well designed landfill for the disposal of burned medical waste. • Deterioration of drinking water networks in some low income areas, besides water contamination and weak pressure.• Underground water elevation is becoming very high possibly due to disposal of sanitation. • The existence of four environmentally deteriorated informal settlements. They need to be completely rebuilt, especially the area of Mahfouz shacks which was originally built without any foundations and could collapse any time.• Air pollution in the eastern part of Menia city due to the existence of stone breakers.

Urban Environment Issues Main issues at Menia Governorate level:• Water contamination of El-Mouhiet drainage is a result of direct disposal of sewage, agricultural and industrial waste. • Lack of sewage disposal service in five cities (Samaloot, Beni-Mazar, Matay, Magaga, Malawi). Sewage projects in the five cities are currently under construction by Menia governorate. • Lack of sewage disposal service in all governorate villages. These villages either drain directly to El-Mouhiet drainage, or to underground water. Drinking water is possibly withdraw from underground water by pumps thus representing a serious health threat.• High rates of diseases spread due to pollution, especially liver and kidney diseases.

Main issues at Menia city level:• Shortage in current sewage treatment plants.• Deterioration of the composting plant east of Menia city, and the need for its rehabilitation. • Lack of a well designed landfill for the disposal of burned medical waste. • Deterioration of drinking water networks in some low income areas, besides water contamination and weak pressure.• Underground water elevation is becoming very high possibly due to disposal of sanitation. • The existence of four environmentally deteriorated informal settlements. They need to be completely rebuilt, especially the area of Mahfouz shacks which was originally built without any foundations and could collapse any time.• Air pollution in the eastern part of Menia city due to the existence of stone breakers.

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ENVIRO-NMENT

N° 1

Project proposal page 28

Establish an integrated solid waste management system, which includes recycling activities in each (Markaz)

especially plastic materials. In addition, a sorting transition station is

needed.

AGREED PRIORITIES• Support decentralization of environmental

management, and develop institutional setup of Menia environmental management unit (EMU).

• Develop inspection procedures and increase the number of qualified officials.

• Support cooperation with local community associations’ in the environmental field.

• Establish data base for environmental citations and fines.

• Support Menia EMU financially and provide it with essential equipments.

• Develop effective financial mechanisms to mobilize finance at the local level. This should

include mobilization of businessmen & community associations to participate.

• Support cooperation between governorate and foreign donor agencies.

• Developing training programs for Menia EMU officials to raise their performance.

• Support raising awareness programs for inhabitants.

• Completion of sewerage disposal network to minimize pollution.

Resource Mobilization

• Being a coordinating & monitoring unit and not an

implementing unit, there is no budget allocated for Menia Environmental Management Unit (EMU).

• Menia governorate provides the EMU with part of the needed equipments such as cars and furniture, etc., and Environmental Egyptian Affairs Agency

(EEAA) provides the EMU with needed computers and measurement equipments.

• Mobilization of resources for environmental projects comes from: Governorate Services Fund,

Sherouk Project, Emergency Plan, Social Fund for Development, and Donor agencies.

Capacity Building & TrainingCapacity Building & Training

Current activities for capacity building & training:

• Current training activities are organized by EEAA in different specializations.

• A number of workshops and seminars, implemented by community associations, focus on

participation.• Some donor agencies provide capacity building

donations such as SEAM project and DANIDA under EEAA supervision.

• National planning center provides training support under Menia Governorate supervision.

Key Requirements for Capacity Building:

•There’s a need for training especially in the following topics:

• Train EMU staff to be qualified in the application of law 4 / 1994.

• Training on urban environmental planning and management.

• Adjustment with laws and systems.• Framework for environmental policy and

decision making. • There’s also a need for measurement instruments

and equipments which help in implementing environmental policies.

Institutional Support

• acknowledging the importance of the environment and its economic implications, the local authority

mainstreamed environmental issues in city development strategies.

• Menia EMU coordinates with donor agencies, with EMU officials at city & village levels and with

EEAA in Cairo. • Menia EMU is continuously inspecting

establishments and follows up on their compliance and undertakes environmental impact assessments

(EIA).• Menia EMU also has a monitoring role, it gives

licenses and coordinates with concerned organizations and authorities, e.g. water surface

police. In addition, it identifies and addresses environmental issues at Governorate level.

• Menia EMU cooperates with local community associations working in the field of environment,

specially in raising environmental awareness. One of the main obstacles facing EMU is the resistance of

residents to environmental improvement.

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Drainage facilities are the most important issues facing the city of Minya. Although the city is almost covered with a

sewage network, the treatment of the output needs to be addressed. The output today is partially treated and is dumped

into drains. The city’s human waste will soon be disposed through the newly planned sewerage farm outside the city (26

km) where sewage is treated and directed to newly planned wood forests in the vicinity of the farm.

In addition, an operational solid waste plant converts garbage into fertilizer.

After starting the water station in Kedwan, water service is expected to cover the entire city except for some poor areas

south of the neighborhood..

THE INSTITUTIONAL SET-UP

BEST PRACTICEMaintenance of water networks

The USAID survey of the City Menia has produced drinking water and drainage maps. The improved water supply in the last five years has turned citizens away form polluted artesian wells and as a result, has led to the improvement of the health of citizens and the reduction of the proportion of salt (manganese) in the water. Street networks have been changed for the past year in the city of Menia. Re-habilitating the system includes upgrading rooms, sewage lines and water stations, in addition to the use of modern equipment that is able to detect breaks or defects in the network

• The central government encourages the slum upgrading service delivery facilities.

• Support from the General Authority for Drinking Water and Sanitation.

• There is some support from foreign investors and partnerships (formerly the Islamic Relief and the

Canadian Aid) to construct or upgrade basic service facilities.

Provision of basic urban services The most important issues facing the city :

The proportion of leakages in in the drinking water network is estimated at 37% .

Sanitary services covers most of city but is lacking in most surrounding villages. The treatment plant does not cover the amounts of sewage generated in the city..

The absence of an integrated system of solid waste management with a lack of healthy dump site to get rid of hazardous wastes after burning.

Use of open back pick-up vehicles to transport individuals from the city to the surrounding villages, is a threat to the lives of individuals.

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AGREED PRIORITIES

Supply of sewerage networks and

increasing the capacity of treatment

plants;

Establishment of a system of integrated

solid waste management;

Reduce high traffic densities and

treatment of dangerous crossings of roads

and railways within the city;

Mobilize new partnerships to increase

support;

Raising the efficiency of departments

concerned with the provision of services in

the planning and implementation methods;

and

Raising the efficiency of workers and

professionals and he supply of equipment

and tools necessary.

Sources of resource mobilization

• There are a series of projects that will generate income of the unit of local projects such as the markets, bakeries and microbus transportation.

These provide fund that help provide city services.• The state budget and the investment plan of the

government.• Grants and foreign aid .

BUS

N° 4

Project proposal Page 31

Bridge replacement work for Nile bridge

BUS

N° 5Project proposal Page 32

Replacement of current, open small pickups to more safe methods for

transport between villages.

BUS

N° 3

Project proposal Page 31

Upgrading links to the desert road leading west and east

BUS

N° 2Project proposal Page 30

Project for the collection and disposal of solid waste.

BUS

N° 1Project proposal Page 30

Training institutions and local government to increase efficiency and

improve services to supply the necessary facilities.

Capacity Building and Training

Training sessions has been going on at the headquarters of the Ministry of Local Development. Training includes training engineers on the best way

to upgrade services and training on laws and regulations as well as support local authorities with

computer equipment.

Training needs priorities in Menya are as follows :• Need for training programs for civil organizations.

• Preparation of cadres trained in facilities management and maintenance.

• Support equipment and spare parts .

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The population in Menia is estimated to be 3.8 million, and the per capita share of the Gross

Domestic Product (GDP) is 4,061 L.E. The general Egyptian average is 7,542. Menia is one of the

important agriculture governorates in Egypt as the agriculture area is estimated to be 6.5% of the total

agriculture areas in Egypt. There are many potential tourist sites as well as recently established industrial

areas.

LOCAL ECONOMY DEVELOPMENT ISSUES

During the last five years, job opportunities have been deteriorating. In addition, early pension (60 years) prevents a significant numbers of the capable form working. The governorate, and the Social Fund for Development as well as investor association are th main economic actors in Menia. The turn over of loans and the investments enabled by these loans are the means for income generation.

LOCAL ECONOMY DYNAMICS

Several dispersed cities and towns have high tourist potential. The sites characterise the variety of civilizations across time including Pharonic, Roman, Greek, Coptic, and Moslem. Menia governorate is the third after Giza and Luxor in tourism potential as well as the importance of existing monuments.

Available natural resources found in Menia are fertile soil providing the agricultural base, minerals extracted from the various mines.

An industrial area has been established on eastern bank of the Nile opposite to Menia city. The

industrial area presents a potential to be further utilized.

There is a strategy for the local economy development. The sees itself responsible for that

strategy that is basically based on an enabling policy that seeks and supports partnerships in

cooperation with governmental and private economic and financial institutions.

The percent of the bankrupt enterprises is very high in Menia. The main reasons behind this

trend is: (1) the low prices of eastern Asia products introduced in the market, (2) instability of laws, (3) weak finance offered by commercial

banks, (4) The local units and the governorate don’t promote buying local products although the

governmental Services Act stipulates that all governmental purchases should be made from

local factories . The unavailability of good transportation and

road network, scarce job opportunities, limited soft loans are the economic problems facing

Menia governorate in general and the city particularly.

CURRENT PROGRAMS

• To promote local economic, the Governorate depends on the state budget and the local resources development, NGOs depend on foreign grants, the private sector depends on its private capital, and special institutions depend on a mix of government and donor finance, e.g. the social fund for development depends on the grants from the states and donor, as well as lending institutes subsidized by the state.

• Loans offered by the Social fund for development to promote micro, small and medium enterprises is the only program offered to develop jobs. Through the SFD, donor contribute financially.

• Obstacles facing the poor to access jobs are illiteracy, dropping out-of school, very limited guarantees and lack of market skills to get loans from financial institutions for setting up projects that generate income. Prevailed social traditions further limit women’s ability to seek work.

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AGREED PRIORITIES Strengthening and duplicating Hurghada-

Menia road will enhance the economic development in Menia;

Setting up training centers specialized for training technical and vocational workers to meet

labor market requirements. Set-up industrial waste network in the industrial

area will attract investment to Menia and protect the environment.

LED

N° 1Project proposal page 34

Strengthening and duplicating Hurghada - Menia road.

LED

N° 2Project proposal page 34

Setting up training centers specialized for training technical

and vocational workers .

INSTITUTIONAL SETUP

• The partnership between the governorate, the private sector, and the social fund for

development establishes industrial incubators to generate job opportunities for fresh graduates. In this program the governorate establishes the unit,

the investors association chooses the type of industry to be implemented according to market needs, shortage in labor, available raw material

and the economic feasibility of project proposed. Youth are then chosen for technical capacity

upgrading and training in financial and administrative operations including computer and

language literacy in addition to the practical training of youth in a factory (4 months). Upon successful completion of the training program, youth are supported to access the loan from the social fund for development to set up the new

project .• Cooperation protocols exist between the investors

association and the Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA) to financially support factories and oversee the feasibility

studies and provide assistance in marketing .• Cooperation protocols also exist between non

governmental organizations, the private sector and the social fund for development to undertake

workshops, conferences, consolidating partnerships and coordinating between local

organizations in the development field.

CAPACITY BUILDING AND TRAINING

• The private sector enjoys CIDA support for providing technical support services, solving legal

and administrative problems, finding a base for the domestic and foreign markets through specialized units that cooperate with local

associations .• The SDF offers training and institutional support

to institutions and authorities that deal with SDF in order to promote and enhance these bodies and

train people how to manage enterprises and projects.

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Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats Priorities

RESOURCE MOBILISATION There is an specialized department in urban planning in the local administration. There are special sources of income for the local administration.

The local administration is constrained and under supervision of the central government in the budget. Local authority competes with private sector in income generating projects. halting some of the local projects.

The local administration is very good at collecting fees and taxes The presence of self sustained projects (butagas, poultry, and natural gas)

The is no active encouragement by local administration for the private projects that provides extra income.

PERFORMANCE & RESPONSIBILITY

There is a department dedicated to people’s complains. The presence of cooperation between the central government and the local councils.

The city mayor is employed by the governor and is thus responsible to him;Funding is central from the government;These is no distinguishable budget planning for distribution of funds over the development fields except for the planning of the central government.The over supervision by the ministry of finance and the people’s council strains the flexibility of local administration.The weakness of the local administration in addressing people’s needs.

The efficiency of responding to complains by the local administration.Encouraging NGOs to participate in planning and local funding of projects.

The comparison of the yearly budgets doesn’t take place making it difficult to following how needs affect budgeting by local administration.

ALLEVIATING POVERTY & SOCIAL STANDARD

The efficiency of receiving and potentially solving people’s problems.

The lack of efficiency of participation in discussing the budget.

The presence of strong women representation in the local administration.

The weakness of the local credit institutions in generating credit for poor area.

INSTITUTIONAL ASSESSMENT

The presence of large number of NGO’s working on training employees The presence of a department of housing with a clear urban plan that works on distributing service equitably to different regions.

The budgets distribution is central and is not decided upon by the needs of development. The presence of transparency in discussing projects but not in the implementation.

The participatory planning on the level of projects between the executive government and the central administration.

The lack of a master plan that indicates funding sources for proposed projects. The continued lack of participation by the local community in planning.

CAPACITY BUILDING & TRAINING

Increasing the role of the NGO’s in training.

There is no local assessment in the fields of improving the abilities of the local administration employees.

The presence of some programs provided by the civil society institutions in training.

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Project proposal

Constructing a data base using GIS for running the city.

GOVERNANCE

N° 2

Project proposal

Programs for qualifying local administration employees to

participate with NGOs and the private sector

Location: Menia city / City council

Duration: 12 months

Implementing partners: Urban planning departments in the governorate, GOPP,

Private sector , and UN-Habitat.

Expected cost: 150,000 US Dollars.

Background: The absence of an urban administration capable of dealing with

informal settlements and continuous increase in city volume.

Objectives: Improve urban management in Menia.

Activities: Precise urban survey for the city, renewal of survey maps, preparing GIS

maps for different sectors, training of planning department.

Required Staff: General coordinator, survey team, GIS officials.

Location: Menia city / City council

Duration: 6 months

Implementing partners: Governorate, Menia city council, Ministry of local development, private sector, NGOs.

Expected cost: 30,000 US Dollars.

Background: There is a general weakness by the local administration employees in

participatory planning and problems in dealing with several stakeholders.

Objectives: Improving employees skills to deal with participation.

Activities: Identifying employees to be trained, preparing training programs,

preparing exercise programs for trainees.

Required Staff: General coordinator, specialized trainers.

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Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats Priorities

REGULATORY FRAMWORK and INSTITUTIONAL SET-UP –Slum upgrading strategies

• Local authority encourages slums upgrading through the provision of infrastructure, and services,

• slums relocation with the provision of alternative housing or monetary compensation

• update urban and social surveys providing local information on informal settlement issues

• Multiple agencies are upgrading informal areas in Menia

• Overlaps, conflicts of plots ownership and the lack of documents are problems facing land management

• Insufficient building capacity and training programs

• There is no strategic plan providing special areas for poor

• There is no coordination between multiple efforts of slum upgrading

• Opportunity to collaborate different efforts for slum upgrading

• Lack of slum upgrading strategy leads to loose multiple non-cooperated efforts

• Failure in urban management and coordination may occur due to inadequate skills and lack of training on issues facing informal settlements and slums

• Slum upgrading strategy, within comprehensive development strategy for Menya city

• Updating Slum information and maps

RESOURCE MOBILISATION – Economic development

• Policies support women lead households to obtain residential units and to receive financial supports and credit

• Partnerships between NGOs and charity agencies in upgrading projects

• USAID funded drinking water and sanitary network at slum area

• Although many development programs are addressing slum areas, there is no strategy for development that gathers this in a unified efforts.

• Opportunities for income generation and improving local economy through establishing transverse road joining Red Sea Region with Siwa passing through Menia

• Opportunity to mobilize resource for slum upgrading: (NGOs, international Donors, local funds)

• Informal settlements and slums are vulnerable areas that may cause a catastrophe if they are not treated or relocated.

• Local economic development

SLUM UPGRADING

• Many projects slum upgrading are funded by international cooperation

• All informal settlements and slums in Menia are covered by drinking water and sanitary network

• Presence of areas available for extensions

• More than 49% of population lives in slum areas allover the governorate

• About 36,000 persons are living in vulnerable areas in the N-W part of the city.

• many social and economic problems facing informal area dwellers in some pockets.

• Lack of areas for low income dwellers in extension plans for the city.

• Adequate needs assessments for slums areas

• Possibilities for investment attracted to Menia due to national and regional development plans

• Unexpected demographic changes may occur due to national and regional plans

• Crimes and illegal status of dwellers ensure social marginalization

• Upgrading vision of local authority is limited upon infrastructure accessibility

• Coordinate interventions in informal settlements and slum.

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SLUMS

N° 1

Project proposal

Relocation and re-use of Eshash Mhfouz and Medinat El-Omal

LOCATION: Medinat Abou Hellal

DURATION: 24 months

BENEFICIARIES: Abou Hellal dwellers and the informal sector

IMPLEMENTED PARTNERS: Abou Hellal dwellers and related NGOs, Directorate of Local

Development, local institutions, Social Development Funds,

ESTIMATED COST : US$ 230 000 (assessment phase)

BACKGROUND: The southern district contains the largest numbers of slums (10 slums). These ten

areas cover a total area of 1.3 square kilometer with a residential density of 87,000 persons per square

kilometer which is 5 times the average residential density in the city. Many social-economic problems

facing slum dwellers in some pockets such as Eshash Mahfouz and Medinat El-Omal.

Lack of areas for low income dwellers in the plans of extension of the city cooperate in the complexity of

low income dwellers. Moreover, the relocation of this pockets may eliminate crimes.

PROJECT PROPOSALSPROJECT PROPOSALS

OBJECTIVES: Improving living condition for those living in Eshash Mahfouz and Medinat El-Omal; their

relocation to another place that provides suitable living condition in stable buildings. On the other

hand, better use of vacated areas to cost recovery.

ACTIVITIES: (1) current surveys of household numbers and types, (2) suitability analysis of

available site, (3) planning for remaining site, (4) feasibility studies, (5) costing, and (6)

implementation.

OUTPUTS: economic upgrading of slums, reduction of poverty, elimination of crimes, transformation of

informal settlement sector into formal.

STAFF REQUIERED: NGOs, CBOs, experts in slum communication, participation.

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Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats Priorities

REGULATORY FRAMEWORK – SLUM UPGRADING STRATEGIES

• The presence of The national council for women branch in the city works as a medium for co-ordination and observing the policies of development related to woman.

• There are specific and declared policies to confront obstacles hindering the development of women

• There are no policies oriented to recording the conditions of women labor who work in non-official activities like (Traders)

• Opportunities to improve the conditions of woman through the branch of the national center for women, the administration of women affairs, and the national policies to support women

• Including gender issues in plans for development

ACCOUNTABILITY & EMPOWERMENT

• Educational programs about quelling violence against woman are diversified through the societies and are supported by social affairs administration

• There are bureaus for social guidance and the family court that work through quick mechanism to settle disputes between families.

• Restricting the policy of quelling violence against women to educational programs

• Difficulty in treating the phenomena of domestic violence and female circumcision due to customs and traditions.

• Bias against woman as a cultural legacy.

• Outbreak of anemia and increase in mother and child (less than 5 years) mortality

• No mechanism for exchanging data at the governorate level.

• Opportunities to lift sensitivity towards violence cases due to national policies

• The threat of the increase in violence rates through the cultural oppression will slow cultural changes in society

• Activating the role of educational programs • simplifying loan procedures

INSTITUTIONAL SET-UP – BUILDING CAPACITY

• There is a (unit for gender) a specialized department for woman affairs in the governorate, followed by similar departments in the councils of the cities and the local units.

• The common trend is to pay attention to girls education and training them on work.

• There are available statistics about poor people at the governorate level.

• Working bodies in the field of woman are diversified and there is coordination between them.

• Foreign donor bodies that support woman affairs are diversified.

• A variation for income resources through establishing the society of Egyptian women to support woman.

• Difficulty in collecting accurate data related to woman due to the spreading of common marriages and unregistered people.

• High rate of illiteracy among females.

• Low cultural level for woman.

• Generally, no desire from the women’s part to participate in policy.

• High poverty rates and increase in the number of women lead households

• weak faculties and absence of awareness, the presence of no guarantees and documents hinder women to apply for loans.

• Child and woman labor in dangerous environments, e.g. stone quarries.

• More opportunities to activate donor bodies to finance development projects through the various non-governmental organizations working in the city

• Opportunities to provide with gender disaggregated updated data.

• Opportunities to eradicate illiteracy , increase awareness through the revolving loan programs.

• No suitable representation of women in popular councils and parliament led to the negligence of gender issues.

• No standard finance from the governorate budget to the department of woman affairs threatens the ability of the department to continue its role.

• Generating income for the poor woman.

• A quota for representation of women in popular councils and leading ranks.

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PROJECT PROPOSALSPROJECT PROPOSALS

GENDER

HIV/AIDS

N° 1

Project proposal

Center for educating and training handicaps

LOCATION: Menia City

DURATION: 12 months

BENEFICIARIES: Handicaps dwelling in Menia of their families

IMPLEMENTED PARTNERS: High Council of women, related NGOs, Directorate of Social Solidarity

ESTIMATED COST : US$ 180 000

BACKGROUND: Menia city doesn't have clear vision towards treating handicaps, although the it’s an orientation of the high council of women. Efforts towards realizing better life for the handicapped are ad hoc and not systematically planned and sustained. Inadequate budgets, and multiple needs hinder the City Council to provide suitable needs for this category.

OBJECTIVES: To establish a unit that coordinates and sustains handicaps mainstreaming activities as educating learning, and training, in addition, it provides marketing products of handicaps.

ACTIVITIES: (1) Facilitate establishment of a fully resourced Handicaps Unit within the Menia City Council, (2) undertake city wide needs assessments for specifying productions, (3) Develop training tools, (4) establishing classes and workshops, (5) providing places for storages and exhibitions.

OUTPUTS: Economic upgrading for Handicaps and their families , reduction of poverty.

STAFF REQUIERED: coordinator, trainers, teachers, and secondary staff.

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Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats Priorities

REGULATORY and INSTITUTIONAL FRAMWORK

Menia Governorate is providing the rest of

the cities with sewage disposal service

gradually. It is considered one of

the leading governorates that

incorporates the environment in all

development plans and projects.

The availability of a number of community

associations working in the environmental

field. The existence of the

Coptic Organization, an NGO active in development and

environment.

Few EMU officials have the legal enforcement authority,

which results in delay of inspection activities, filing

citations and follow up procedures.

There is no effective participation from different

stakeholders to identify priority environmental issues. Participation took place only

via citizens complaints and sometimes via meetings with

community associations representatives.

The lack of an environmental data base for those who are not complying with law. This data base could be a reference, thus

fines could increase in an ascending manner based on

law 4/1994.

The availability of financial resources from the center to

support environmental

projects. Completion of sewage networks

covering all governorate cities

will minimize pollution rates.

Slowdown of court procedures

in finalizing environmental

cases. Exaggeration of

the value of fines in law 4/1994,

resulting in inability of people

to pay. Lack of a unified

& generalized format for

environmental citations at

country level. Currently, there

are many different unused formats

due to arguments about them.

Support decentralization of

environmental management, and

develop institutional setup of Menia environmental

management unit (EMU).

Develop inspection procedures and

increase the number of qualified officials.

Support cooperation with local community

associations’ in the environmental field.

Establish data base for environmental citations

and fines.

RESOURCE MOBILIZATION – FINANCE

The availability of financial resources

from the state, EEAA besides some donor

agencies. Sherouk project and

Service Fund provide some additional

resources. Menia governorate

allocate some resources for

environmental development projects

such as the completion of sewage disposal

network. Some environmental

associations get donations from donor

agencies.

Weak budgets allocated for entities responsible for

environmental work, which are mainly based on donations and some fines. In addition, human

resources aren’t sufficient if compared with tasks and

responsibilities required. Menia EMU has no allocated

budget because it’s mainly a coordinating and not an

implementing unit. Collected revenues from fines

go directly to environment preservation fund in Cairo,

without any benefit to Menia EMU.

There is no budget allocated for environmental awareness.

The availability of financial resources from the center, to

support some environmental

projects, though they aren’t sufficient.

Support from some donor

agencies (such as Swiss, Canadian,

and Italian).

The environment preservation fund in Cairo receives colleted revenues

from environmental

fines. Reluctance of

EEAA to create a system for

financial incentives for

EMUs officials, based on item no 17 of law 4/1994 and item no 9 of

its executive act. This system

should be created alike the applied

system for EEAA officials.

Support Menia EMU financially and provide

it with essential equipments.

Develop effective financial mechanisms to mobilize finance at

the local level. This should include

mobilization of businessmen &

community associations to

participate. Support cooperation

between governorate and foreign donor

agencies.

PERFORMANCE – REDUCING POLLUTION

Menia EMU officials are performing their work in spite of the

weak budget and lack of equipments.

Capability of Menia EMU official to cooperate with

different stakeholders to perform

environmental projects.

Governorate exerted efforts to develop solid

waste service and to decrease pollution in

cooperation with Ministry of Scientific Research, EEAA, and

community associations.

Contamination of water streams as a result of direct

disposal of sewage, agricultural and industrial

waste. Contamination of drinking water due to deterioration of

water pipes. Lack of training courses

devoted to train EMU officials on the application of law

4/1994 Lack of qualified staff and

skilled technicians essential for the application of

environmental legislations. Weak environmental

awareness between residents due to rural customs. In

addition, there is shortage in awareness raising programs.

Lack of specialized training in urban environmental

management.

EEAA and some local community

associations provide Menia

EMU officials with training courses in order to raise their

performance. Connecting all governorate cities

with sewage networks will

minimize pollution rates.

A number of secondary

drainages are flowing into El-

Mouhiet drainage, carrying extra pollution from

other governorates starting from

Assuit Governorate.

Contamination of underground

water in villages due to

continuation of septic tanks usage.

As a result, the spread of diseases

will increase. Continuation of disposal on water streams increases

drinking water contamination and spread of diseases.

Developing training programs for Menia

EMU officials to raise their performance. Support raising

awareness programs for inhabitants.

Completion of sewerage disposal

network to minimize pollution.

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LOCATION: Menia City

DURATION: 20 months

BENEFICIARIES: Inhabitants of Menia city.

IMPLEMENTATION PARTNERS: Relevant departments in Menia Governorate, Businessmen, Donor agencies working in Menia, Habitat, World bank.

ESTIMATED COST: US$ 250 000

BACKGROUND: Menia city suffers from solid waste accumulation, Menia Governorate developed many activities to improve solid waste (SW) service. However, some coordination is still needed to achieve an integrated SW management system. OBJECTIVES: • To establish an integrated solid waste management system.• To raise cleansing level in Menia city and minimize pollution and diseases.

ACTIVITIES: (1) Establish a coordinating central authority to be responsible for coordinating all solid waste management activities. This coordination will develop the institutional set up of solid waste management. (2) Establish subsidiary departments within the central authority, each of them will be responsible for one aspect of the integrated system. Such as financial, institutional, technical aspect besides awareness aspect. (3) Estimate the number of required qualified staff, and required budget for training them properly and for their salaries. (4) Estimate the cost of required equipments. (5) Estimate and gather different partners contributions. (6) Purchase required equipments. (7) Focus on plastic materials recycling due to high production of plastics in Menia city.

OUTPUTS: An effective & integrated solid waste system, Solid waste problem to be solved, Decrease of diseases, Residents environmental awareness to be raised.

STAFF REQUIERED: A specialized expert to prepare the institutional set up of the new central authority, Coordinator/facilitator of central authority activities, Administrative, technical and executive staff.

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ENVIRONMENT

N° 1

Project proposal

Establish an integrated solid waste management system, including recycling activities in each (markaz) especially plastic materials. In addition, a sorting transition station is needed.

29

Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats Priorities

PROVISION OF BASIC URBAN SERVICESWater : -

Drinking water service to cover all urban areas and the preservation of

approximately 85% of the rural areas. There are projects in the governorate to

upgrade water supply service (Kidwan station).

Changing partially water networks. City surveyors recorded completely

water and sewer lines on the maps (USAID).

There is good cooperation between government sectors (water and drainage

company and the electricity company and the Directorate of roads), and donors

(USAID). Drainage : -

The service has been extended to some sanitation in slums, as well as some of the

surrounding villages. Sanitary sewage service to cover the

city of Menia. Sewage is treated and to be disposed of in desert forest farms

(5,000 acres forest tree). Solid waste : -

Trash & garbage was removed from an area of 3 feddans south of the city.

Garbage is collected and transported to the organic fertilizer plant currently

located or to places outside Kerdoun waste collection area (public landfills)

Roads and Transport : - There is diversity in the means of

communication available within the province, both public and private sector.

Electricity : - The electricity network and service

covering the city and a large percentage of accessories (90%).

Water : - Some parts of the existing

network is in asbestos (30%). Artesian water wells which are

the main sources of drinking water for the city contains high

percentage of salt. The proportion of leakag in

the drinking water in the network is about 37%.

Drainage : - Lack of sanitation in most

villages of the province. Sewage treatment plant does

not cover the amounts generated

Roads and Transport : - Use of open pickups to

transport individuals from the city to the surrounding villages.

The use of animals carts to move cargo hamper fluidity of

traffic and problems causing congestion and bottlenecks in in

the city Electricity : -

50% of the slums deprived of electricity supply service.

Prioritize the implementation of networks in disadvantaged

areas only by the local administration.

And the occurrence of certain buildings, "especially in the

slum areas" under pressure lines and higher average.

5% of the existing lines are not isolated

Opportunity for careful planning and

effective management of

water and sewage networks as a result

of USAID city surveys

Health and environmental

damage as a result of the

occurrence of buildings

under the high pressure lines

and the average.

The streets in slums

sometimes up to 1.5 metres,

which hampers the

introduction of electricity

service in the future by the

lack of conformity to specifications

for the introduction of

electricity to buildings.

Drainage The disposal of solid waste

Road accidents and

transferring individuals

between parts of the city

High-pressure

routes and electrical

connections within homes

RESOURCE MOBILISATION There are a series of projects that will

generate income of the unit of local projects. These fund city services.

The state budget and the investment plan of the government. Grants and foreign aid

Inadequate resources are available to supplement the

supply of services and facilities to all parts of the maintenance

as required.

The presence of foreign aid and grants

to support the development of

targeted facilities in slum areas

The existence of a subsidy from the Social Fund for Development

in the area of infrastructure “drain

networks and the creation of water

reservoirs and digging wells and paving roads.

INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT There are partnerships with some of the foreign investors and to provide facilities

There is good cooperation between

government sectors (water and drainage company and the electricity company and

the Directorate of roads), donors (USAID) .

Inefficient management of the collection and disposal of solid

waste in the city

A special department for international

cooperation to coordination among

donors and civil society institutions.

Facilities Management

CAPACITY BUILDING & TRAINING Training sessions at the headquarters of

the Ministry of Local Development to train engineers.

Lack of training programs for civil organizations.

Requirement for the necessary equipment and spare parts

operations (clearing-maintenance)

The loss of service resources

due to lack of trained cadres of

facilities management and

maintenance

Installation and

maintenance

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BUS

N° 2

Project proposal

Project for the collection and disposal of solid waste.

BUS

N° 1

Project proposal

Training institutions and local government to increase efficiency and

improve services to supply the necessary facilities.

LOCATION: The City

DURATION: 24 months

BENEFICIARIES: The city dwellers

IMPLEMENTED PARTNERS:NGOs, local administration, The Egyptian Environmental

Affairs Agency.

ESTIMATED COST : US$ 60,000

BACKGROUND: There is no system for the collection and disposal of solid waste in Menia, whether healthy

land-filling or recycling.

OBJECTIVES: Collection and disposal of waste through recycling and disposal in a land fill and prepare an

integrated system to manage the process.

ACTIVITIES: 1. Determining the appropriate place for the project. 2. Identifying ways and burial location and

type of equipment needed 3. Identify the kinds of recycling and equipment required.

OUTPUTS: Provide outstanding reycling and disposal solid waste service to all citizens to preserve the

environment.

STAFF REQUIERED : coordinator, manager, labors, NGOs, CBOs, experts in solid waste management.

LOCATION: The City

DURATION: 24 months

BENEFICIARIES: Local municipality workers

IMPLEMENTED PARTNERS: Local municipality, National Company for Water and Sanitation

ESTIMATED COST : US$ 10 000

BACKGROUND: The weakness of the local government workers and staff in administering service facilities reduces dramatically the efficiency of service

delivery. Inefficiencies and ineffectiveness includes the inability to effectively develop action plans and identify

priorities for implementation, as well as efficiently measuring performance, maintaining the facility and

managing day-to-day operations.

OBJECTIVES: Skill improving training programs in operation and maintenance with special attention to the use

of measuring water quality devices, recording accurate readings and reporting on status systematically.

ACTIVITIES: Prepare action plans;

Prepare maintenance programs networks; Preparation of special programs and methods of

measurement, writing technical reports, and preparing follow-up schedules.

OUTPUTS: Providing outstanding service in the field of drinking water and sanitation for all citizens to maintain.

STAFF REQUIERED : coordinator, manager, labors, trainers

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BUS

N° 4

Project proposal

Bridge replacement work for Nile bridge

BUS

N° 3

Project proposal

Upgrading links to the desert road leading west and east

LOCATION: The City

DURATION: 24 months

BENEFICIARIES: The city dwellers and visitors

IMPLEMENTED PARTNERS: The Governorate of Menia, the Ministry of Housing, Utilities and Urban

Communities, and infrastructure and civil associations.

ESTIMATED COST : US$ 2 000 000

BACKGROUND: Narrow roads leading to the regional desert road is not commensurate with the traffic

of such major roads. The road network needs to be upgraded and an east west direct link to the eastern and

desert roads from Menia is needed.

OBJECTIVES: Facilitate the movement of traffic to and from the desert road to the east and west.

ACTIVITIES: Determine where to expand joints, upgrading roads and and plan for a new east west main artery to north/south

desert roads.

OUTPUTS: Increase the number of visitors to the city either for commerce or tourism for their passage through

those links and to facilitate the movement of traffic

STAFF REQUIERED : coordinator, manager, labors

LOCATION: The City

DURATION: 24 months

BENEFICIARIES: The city dwellers and visitors

IMPLEMENTED PARTNERS: Local administration in the city, the Ministry of Housing, Utilities and Urban

Communities and civil associations.

ESTIMATED COST : Undefined

BACKGROUND: Increased traffic pressure on the narrow bridge requires that the Nile bridge be replaced to

accommodate increased traffic and facilitate the movement within the city.

OBJECTIVES: To facilitate traffic in the bridge area and accommodate current and future traffic densities.

ACTIVITIES: Identifying the appropriate place for the new bridge,

commensurate with the current traffic and future expected, design the bridge, and schedule project implementation

and management so as not to hinder the traffic in the region.

OUTPUTS: Increased ability to absorb a larger number of vehicles. Facilitate the movement of traffic within the

area of the current bridge on the Nile.

STAFF REQUIERED: NGOs, Coordinator, Manager, Labors.

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BUS

N° 5

Project proposal

Replacement of current, open pickups, to more safe modes for transport between city and villages.

LOCATION: The City

DURATION: 6 months

BENEFICIARIES: The city dwellers and visitors

IMPLEMENTED PARTNERS: Local administration in the city, private sector, business associations and banks.ESTIMATED COST : US$ 5 000 000

BACKGROUND: The inhabitants of the city depends on open carriage pick ups for transporting from the city to nearby villages. This threatens the lives of passengers.

OBJECTIVES: Provide safe transport for commuters from the city to the surrounding villages.

ACTIVITIES: Determining the kinds and numbers of vehicles required, identify means of funding and cost recovery, develop and manage the movement of such vehicles, prepare an operational program.

OUTPUTS: Provision of a number of safe vehicles and appropriate transport methods within and outside the city.

STAFF REQUIERED: NGOs, Coordinator, Manager, Labors.

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Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats Priorities

LOCAL ECONOMY DYNAMICS & ISSUES OF LOCAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

The existence of cheap labor that do not need

shelter. The availability of

natural resources, agriculture, mining, and

industrial resources. Significant touristic

sites in Menia. The availability of infrastructure ready

industrial areas ready to house industries offered

freely to investors. The governorate

endeavors to facilitates necessary procedures to

get required approvals and licenses to set up projects and assists in overcoming obstacles

and constraints. the governorate grants

investors the approval necessary to enable

mortgaging the existing enterprises to access

additional finance for projects.

The governor grant the ownership of lands for

projects that have reached full production

capacity.

The distance form Cairo and markets, a poor road

network and lack of ports inhibits investors from

moving to Menia. The high percent of stalled

projects. As there are 173 industrial establishments: 10 are being established, 73 are

operational, 35 enterprises are stalled.

Industrial waste management is the main problem in the industrial

area. No chemical or

technological labs to undertake quality

measurements. Low business cultural.

Tourism is not well managed in the governorate.

Tourism offers great potential.

Unemployment is a key issue.

•Doubling and strengthening Menia -

Hurghada road for export facilitate.

•Activate all signed protocols between

business men association and different entities.•Activate the signed

protocol between Menia investors association and Ministry of Industry, and

Industry Modernization Center to promote the

quality of products .and to raise the awareness of

available foreign markets.

•Expand the establishment of pharonic

villages on the Nile beach for as a tourist

development, and expand the establishment of luxurious hotels and

centers.•Operating maritime

line between Cairo and Luxor throughout the

year will activate tourism in Menia, this

will bring 40-45 ships weekly.

Unemployme-nt

INSTITUTIONAL SETUP – SIMPLE LEAKAGE & MARKET ANALYSIS

• The integrated cooperation between all

governmental or non governmental

institutions, and private sector, Social Fund for

Development• Menia can attract

investment through improved infrastructure.

• There is foreign subsidy for the private sector

through the Social Fund. For Development ..

• No guarantee, high interests , inefficient experience, routine

style of enterprise, high unit rental fees, no integrated

system by the state covers market needs and ignorance of

writing and reading .are obstacles that face the poor

access credit.• Road, facilities, transportation

and communication works are weak.

• The unavailability of an information network necessary

to link production with marketing. The local

administration lacks the resources for training and the

technology required for an information network.

By eliminating Beaurocracy the

domestic market can attract investment easily.

Investment attraction

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PROJECT PROPOSALSPROJECT PROPOSALSPROJECT PROPOSALS

LOCATION: Menia to Hurghda

DURATION: 3 years

BENEFICIARIES: Investors and Exporters in El-Menia

PARTNERS: Governorate and private sector investors by BOOT system.

ESTIMATED COST: US$ 2.5 billion

BACKGROUND: Menia has many economic and tourism resources. The governorate offers many

incentives and services for investors. In spite of the incentives, the investment in Menia still very low

compared with incentives. The main obstacle to the development of the local economy is it

inaccessibility to outer markets. Opening an access to a port on the Red Sea will help inventors export their

goods.

OBJECTIVES: Improve access to out markets and consequently attract more investors and increase

jobs.

ACTIVITIES:(1) Plan and design Easter road to the red Sea, (2)

undertake feasibility study for cost recovery, and (3) tender out construction, implement project.

OUTPUTS: Regional Road linking Menia to a port in the Red Sea.

STAFF REQUIRED: large number of workers, contactor companies and street paving companies.

LOCATION: Menia City

DURATION: 12 months

BENEFICIARIES: Fresh-graduates, youth and craftsmen

IMPLEMENTATION PARTNERS: international agencies for assistance, NGOs, Social Fund For

development and private sector investors.

ESTIMATED COST: US$ 10000 for establish and prepare each center (5 centers)

BACKGROUND: the main feature of labor market in Egypt in general and in El-Menia particularly is

the less matchmaking between labor supply and demand. Labor market needs labor force in specific handcrafts and professions, meanwhile labor supply

depends on Egyptian education system. Therefore, the suggested centers will cover the gap between labor supply and demand through rehabilitate the fresh-graduate and change their qualifications to

meet labor market requirements.

OBJECTIVES: offer tainting and vocational training to upgrade the qualifications of craftsmen

and fresh-graduate to meet labor market requirements in El-Menia and reduce the unemployment rates.

ACTIVITIES: (1) establish centers and workshops

for training. (2) offer modern machinery and equipments (3) establish information unit for labor

market.

OUTPUTS: reduce the unemployment in El-Menia, increase living standards of the people and offer

skilled workers for factories.

STAFF REQUIRED: manager, secretary, 2 assistants and trainers for every center.

LED

No 1

Project proposal

Strengthening and duplicating Hurghad- Menia road.

LED

No 2

Project proposal

Setting up training centers specialized for training the technical and the

vocational worker .

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MENIA CITY CONSULTATION - OCTOBER 2005

ATTENDANCE LIST

CONTACTS:

Alioune Badiane, Chief, Regional Office for Africa and the Arab States, e-mail: alioune.badiane@unhabitat.orgMohamed El Sioufi, Senior Human Settlements Officer, RUSPS coordinator, e-mail: mohamed.el-sioufi@unhabitat.orgAli El-Faramawy, Program Manager, UN-HABITAT National Office, Egypt, e-mail: ali.el-faramawy@unhabitat.orge-mail: RUSPS@unhabitat.org

EGYPT RUSPS TEAM

Hassanien Abouzeid, Abdelwahab Helmy, Moustafa Madbouly, Ghada Farouk Hassan, Heba Aboul Fadl, Mohab El Refaie, Doaa El Sherif, Alia El Mahdi, Anwar El Nakeeb and Mohamed Eid

Dr. Abbas Maree Mayor of Menia Mr. Gamal El Ghandour Head of the people’s local councilMr. Mahmoud Ahmed El-Fanawany Secretary General of local authorityMr. Mohamed Ibrahim Head of city developmentShadia Abd El -Salam NGO Khaled Salah NGO Amgad Sayyed NGOMagdy Mohamed Mohamed NGO

Name and Position