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5.3.1 Organisational and Institutional Analysis

Working with Stakeholders

UPA Package 5, Module 3

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5.3.1 Organisational and Institutional Analysis

Organisational Analysis (1)

• Can be used for assessment of organisations and for promotion.

• Makes transparent which organisations are involved and could contribute to the development process.Therefore it helps to select organisations for recruitment.

• Helps to identify weaknesses and requirements during implementation in order to promote the organisation.

• Organisations will not be examined in general but regarding to a special task or question.

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5.3.1 Organisational and Institutional Analysis

Organisational Analysis (2)

• Examples for questions:• Which organisations have already gathered experience in

participatory working schemes?• Who is able to conduct a project, e.g. concerning safe

drinking water provision?• Why is information not communicated inside the

organisation?• Two approaches:

• from outside = Organisational Analysis• from inside = SWOT Analysis

• They aim at identifying problems, potentials and constraints.• Both could also be combined.

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5.3.1 Organisational and Institutional Analysis

Introduction to the Exercise

• This exercise could be improved if some information is collected in advance.

• Collect flyers and info material about prevailing organisations operating in your area.

• A visit to the field to interview key informants will help you to identify key issues.

• Make a list of all organisations which are concerned with land management and your target group (urban poor) and describe them by the following criteria.

• Organise the findings in a matrix.

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5.3.1 Organisational and Institutional Analysis

Exercise

Prepare a short profile of all selected organisations considering the following items:• since when operating• kind of projects involved• actually active in which projects• organisational structure and decision making patterns (short

description)• constraints and problems• conflicts• potentials

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5.3.1 Organisational and Institutional Analysis

Working Aid (1)

• What is the task, vision or mission?• How are they organized (staff, equipment management,

financing)?• How do they operate?• Who are the clients?• How relevant is their work?• How are the external relation?

– How powerful are they?– Whom do they influence?

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5.3.1 Organisational and Institutional Analysis

Example

Name of Organisation

Main field of work

Potential Constraint Conflict

Self-help group in an

informal settlement

Sanitation

Guided by knowledged

and accepted

Limitedfinancial sources

Inside struggles

about leading

positions

Foreign donor organisation

Health Service

Financial resources;

reliable

Not directly operating in

this area

No clear agreement with local adminis-tration

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5.3.1 Organisational and Institutional Analysis

Definition

SWOT Analysis means to identify and assess• Strengths,• Weaknesses,• Opportunities and• Threats.

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5.3.1 Organisational and Institutional Analysis

SWOT Analysis

SWOT analysis is an assessment of• internal strengths and weaknesses (i.e. within an

urban administration’s control) and• external opportunities and threats (i.e. outside of

the control of an urban administration).

Source: Urban Planning and Management Project, 2002: 13

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5.3.1 Organisational and Institutional Analysis

A SWOT Worksheet

Strengths Weaknesses

Opportunities Threats

ChallengesPositive Aspects

Internal

External

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5.3.1 Organisational and Institutional Analysis

Example

Element Example

StrengthA resource/assetInfluence/power/knowledge

A natural or man-made feature (a river or an historic building).

Weakness

A shortcoming/deficiency Illegal dumping or waste burning in an urban area.Opportunity

A chance that arises externally to enhance an area and the well-being of its citizens.

A growing trend among foreign tourists to visit historic buildings has yet to result in more tourism to the area.

Threat

An external factor that might cause problems.

Industrial discharge to the river up stream may pollute the water supply, cause health problems, and create a foul smell.

Source:Urban Planning and Management Project, 2002: 13 (adapted)

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5.3.1 Organisational and Institutional Analysis

Example of a SWOT Worksheet: The Economic Situation of Phuket (Thailand)

StrengthsCentre of administration, business,tourism, services, financing, banking, restaurants and hotels

OpportunitiesSupporting projects of foreign donors, being an international city. Devaluation of the increasingforeign tourism.

ThreatsIncreased tourism leads to high cost of living and wages. The greater the number of tourists the more damage to the environment or heritage buildings as the resource is being more extensively used.

WeaknessesLack of basic infrastructure such aswater supply and public transport/sources of agricultural products.

Source: Urban Planning and Management Project, 2002: 13