5_6_Early Christian History_Teophania by Eusebius

8/18/2019 5_6_Early Christian History_Teophania by Eusebius

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Early Christian HistoryTHE DISCOVERER AND TRANSLATOR OF LONG LOST EUSEBIUS

BOOK IS STRUCK BY THE FULFILLED ESCHATOLOGY FOUNDTHEREIN, AND DEVELOPED THE PRETERIST SYSTEM OF

EUSEBIUS

The Theophania, or Divine

Manifestation of our Lordand Saviour Jesus ChristBY

EUSEBIUS Bishop of Caesarea

(c. 2! " #$%&

Di'itied )* +o'er earse

"Eusebius never allows the doctrine of Christ's second coming anyimportance in his historical scheme. There is no sense of a newkingdom which will at some future date break in upon the existing

historical structure, righting what is wrong and establishing ustice." Frank S. Thielman

Trans-ated and Edited fro an ancient anuscriptrecent-* discovered )*

S/MUEL LEELee's P reliminr! Disser"i#n #n "$e T$e#%$ni

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!e sure to read ee's preliminary dissertations on this work# "the old and elementary systempassed away with a great noise$ all these predicted empires have actually fallen, and the new

kingdom, the new heaven and earth, the new %erusalem&&all of which were to descend from od,to be formed by (is power, have been realised on earth $ all these things have been done in the

sight of all the nations" (Lee0s Dissertations)

CLIC1 E+E 34+ D3 43 E5TI+E B441

"!ut the things which took place afterwards, did our )aviour, from hisforeknowledge as T(E *+- or +-, foretel should come to pass, by meansof those which are now/ before us. 0or (e named the whole %ewish people, the

children of the City; and the Temple, (e styled their House. 1nd thus (etestified, that they should, on their own wicked account, bear the vengeancethus to be inflicted. 1nd, it is right we should wonder at the fulfilment of thisprediction, since at no time did this place undergo such an entire desolation asthis was. (e pointed out moreover, the cause of their desolation when (e said,"If thou hadst known, even in this day, the things of thy peace:" intimating too (isown coming, which should be for the peace of the whole world. !ut, when yeshall see it reduced by armies, know ye that which comes upon it, to be a finaland full desolation and destruction. (e designates the desolation of %erusalem,by the destruction of the Temple, and the laying aside of those services whichwere, according to the law of 2oses, formerly performed within it. The manner

moreover of the captivity, points out the war. of which (e spoke$ "For

said(e/ there shall be great! tribulation upon the land, and great wrath upon this people : and they shall fall by the edge of the sword." *e can learn too, from thewritings of 0lavius %osephus, how these things took place in their localities, andhow those, which had been foretold by our )aviour, were, in fact, fulfilled. +nthis account (e said, "et those who are in its borders not enter into it, sincethese are the days of vengeance, that all #ay be fulfilled which has beenwritten." 1ny one therefore, who desires it, may learn the results of these thingsfrom the writings of %osephus.

Frn& S T$ielmn"*hen the persecutions of 2aximin called for the more "primitive" apocalypticconceptions of traditional Christianity, Eusebius was willing to use them. !utwith the triumph of Christianity at the 2ilvian bridge, he conveniently "shelved"other&worldly aspirations and praised with "unconcealed" oy the establishmentof od's rule on earth in the form of Constantine's empire. %ean )irinelli speaksfor many when he says that Eusebius never allows the doctrine of Christ's


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second coming any importance in his historical scheme. There is no sense of anew kingdom which will at some future date break in upon the existing historicalstructure, righting what is wrong and establishing ustice." 1nother ook at theEschatology of Eusebius of Caesarea $igiliae Christianae, 3ol. 45, 6o. 7 )ep.,

589:/, pp. ;;<&;7: doi#5=.;7=:>5?9788;/

Sirinelli's Re(ie) #* E+sei+s' T$e#%$n!"The )econd Coming is treated by Eusebius as not an essential event, and evenless like a culminating event, but only as one element which plays a symmetricalpart as that of the theophanies of the +ld Testament, compared to the firstcoming." oose translation from 0rench/



(B* /ndr6 Thevet&

E U S E B I U SBISHOP OF CAESAREA

ON

THE THEOPHANIA

OR

DIVINE MANIFESTATIONOF

OUR ORD AND SAVIOUR !ESUS CHRIST"

TRANSATED INTO EN#ISH $ITH NOTES" FROM AN ANCIENT SYRIACVERSION OF THE #REE% ORI#INA NO$ OST & TO $HICH IS PREFI'ED A

VINDICATION OF THE ORTHODO'Y" AND PROPHETICA VIE$S" OF THATDISTIN#UISHED $RITER.

INSCRIBED BY PERMISSION TOIS 7+/CE TE DU1E 43 54+TUMBE+L/5D,

CHANCEOR OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRID#E.

BY S/MUEL LEE" D.D.

D.D. OF THE UNIVERSITY OF HAE& MEMBER OF THE SOCIT ASIATIUEOF PARIS& OF THE HISTORICA SOCIETY OF RHODE ISAND" AMERICA&

CANON OF BRISTO" RECTOR OF BAREY" HERTS." RE#IUS PROFESSOR OFHEBRE$ IN THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRID#E" *+.






CAMBRID#E,

PRINTED AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS

DUNCAN AND MACOM" -" PATERNOSTER RO$" ONDON.

M.DCCC.'III.

TO HIS #RACE

U7 DU1E 43 54+TUMBE+L/5D,

*+. *+. *+.

CHANCEOR OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRID#E" THIS ENDEAVOUR TO

RESTORE TO THE Chri/0ian Ch1r+h A ON# OST $OR%" AND TOVINDICATE THE OPINIONS" OF ONE OF ITS MOST EARNED ANDABORIOUS PREATES" IS" IN TESTIMONY OF A DEEP SENSE OF

OBI#ATION FOR THE MANY MUNIFICENT FAVOURS CONFERRED ON THEUNIVERSITY" IN $HICH HE HAS THE HONOUR OF BEARIN# OFFICE" BY HIS

#RACE2S PERMISSION" MOST RESPECTFUY INSCRIBED" BY THETRANSATOR AND EDITOR.

+E3/CE.

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, an5 a6ain a:0er4ar5/" 0hr316h 0h3/e 4h3 4ere 7e/0e54i0h 0he Di7ini08" 5i5 He +all 0h3/e 4h3 ha5 9een +a/0 3:: 03 5ea0h" 03 (0he mean/ 3:)re+37er8. He al/3 /34e5 (a/ i0 4ere) in 0he /31l/ 3: men" 0he r15imen0/ 3: 0he Di7inela4/&====3: 7ari31/ kin5/ 3: in/0r1+0i3n/ & 3: 53+0rine/ 3: e7er8 kin5& 3: ;re5i+0i3n/" an53: ;r3;he+ie/ 3: 0hin6/ 03 +3me& a/ al/3 0he l37e 3: 0ha0 li:e (4hi+h i/ 5e730e5) 03 0he43r/hi; 3: #35. Hen+e ;31re5 :3r0h a/ :r3m a :31n0ain" e7en in e7er8 ;ar0 3: 0he+rea0i3n" 0he /ee5" (an5 0hen+e) 0he ra0i3nal 39/er7an+e/ (3: li:e), an5 hen+e" la4/ an5la46i7er/ 4ere /een am3n6 all 0he na0i3n/& an5 0he name 3: 7ir01e an5 3: ;hil3/3;h8
































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+31l5 98 n3 30her mean/ arri7e a0 0he kn34le56e 3: 0he 0r10h" 98 0he in/0r1men0ali08 3: ah1man 7e//el"====0he #35 3: 0r10h. The #35 3: 0r10h 5i5 0hen" 0hr316h 0he 5i7ine3;era0i3n/ an5 a/03ni/hin6 mira+le/ 4hi+h 4ere e7i5en0 03 all" /he4 :3r0h 0he 53+0rine 3:hea7enl8 0ea+hin6 4hi+h re/;e+0e5 Hi/ %in653m & in 3r5er 0ha0 98 0he/e" He mi6h0hen+e:3r0h"====e7en a/ He ha5 :3rmerl8 a::3r5e5 ai5 98 mean/ 3: 0he 0hin6/ alrea58men0i3ne5"====in/0r1+0 0he 4h3le h1man ra+e in 0he 53+0rine 4hi+h i/ hea7enl8. I0 4a/im;3//i9le in5ee5" in an+ien0 0ime/" 03 make 0h3/e 4h3 ha5 9een 5ri7en 03 0he la/0 /0a6e3: 7i+e" ;1re 98 43r5/ (3nl8)" in7i0in6 (0hem) 03 0he ;er:e+0 kn34le56e 3: #35" an5 030he 9e00er li:e 3: ;1ri08 an5 3: ri6h0e31/ne//. On 0hi/ a++31n0" >1/0 a/ Ph8/i+ian/ ;re/+ri9e0heir reme5ie/ 03 0h3/e 4h3 are /i+k an5 5e9ili0a0e5 98 ;ain/ an5 /1::erin6/" n30 0heheal0h8 :335 ;r3;er :3r 0he r391/0" 910 0hin6/ 0ha0 6i7e 1nea/ine// an5 ;ain& an5" /h31l5

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3: ar0& 0he /ee5/ 3: 0he/e" an5 0he (51e) +3n/i5era0i3n 3: 0hem" He +a/0 :3r0h in03 0he /31l/3: men. A6ain al/3 He /34e5 (a/ i0 4ere)" 98 mean/ 3: 0he Pr3;he0/ 4h3 are ;rea+he5 3:am3n6 0he He9re4/" 0he r15imen0/ 3: 0he Di7ine ;re+e;0/& 0he in/0r1+0i3n ;er0ainin6 030he :ear 3: #35& 0he en0ran+e" 0he /0a6e/" an5 ;rin+i;al 0hin6/" a00en5in6 0he Di7ine la4/ &

/1+h (I /a8) a/ 4ere /1i0a9le 03 0he men 3: 0h3/e 0ime/. He a6ain :r3m hi/ ;r37i5en0ial+are" (an5) 98 mean/ 3: man8 30her/" al/3 6a7e 0he ai5 4hi+h 4a/ +3n7enien0 :3r men a/0hen (e<i/0in6).

<:. Be+a1/e 0here:3re" 0he li:e 3: man ha5 hen+e:3r4ar5 1n5er63ne a +han6e" 98 mean/3: 0he/e 0hin6/" 03 a /0a0e 3: ;ea+e:1lne// an5 re/0" an5 4a/ ;re;are5 03 re+ei7e 0he ;er:e+0 53+0rine rela0in6 03 #35 & 4ell a6ain" 5i5 @J0he +3mm3n Sa7i31r 3: all" 0he 3nl8(9e6300en) $ORD OF #OD" 0he %in6 3: all" /he4 :3r0h a0 a 0ime 0ha0 4a/ /1i0a9le" an5 98 0he/e /ame 3;era0i3n/" 0he Di7ine mani:e/0a0i3n 3: Him/el:. B10" a/ 0he/e 0hin6/ ha7e 9een lar6el8 /e0 :3r0h alrea58" i0 i/ (n34) 0ime 4e /h31l5 ;r3+ee5 03 0h3/e 0ha0 (/h31l5):3ll34 0hem.

The End o the Se&ond B33k o (E1/e9i1/) o 5ae!area.

KSele+0e5 :330n30e/. N30e/ +3n+erne5 3nl8 4i0h ;3in0/ 3: 0he S8ria+ an5 lar6e +h1nk/ 3:#reek ha7e 9een 3mi00e5L

. Thi/" a++3r5in6 03 31r a10h3r" Dem3n/0r. E7an6. i9. i7. +a;. i<. i/ 0he ;er/3n /;3ken3:" I/. <i7. . Tha0 0he kin6 3: Ba98l3n i/ here ;rimaril8 mean0" 0here +an 9e n3 53190, 910 4he0her 0he +3mm3n enem8 3: man i/ /e+3n5aril8" ma8 9e ma00er 3: 5e9a0e.

. $e n34 +3me a6ain 03 +er0ain ;a//a6e/ in 0he Ora0. 5e la155. C3n/0an0ini" i5en0i+al4i0h /3me in 0hi/ 43rk. Ca;. <iii. ;;. J-" D. G-" *+. See al/3 Dem3n/0r. E7an6. i9.i7. +a;. <.

-. - I0 m1/0" I 0hink" 9e /1::i+ien0l8 +er0ain :r3m 0hi/ ;la+e" 0ha0 E1/e9i1/ 4a/ n3 Arian. A ;a//a6e" /imilarl8 /0r3n6" i/ 03 9e :31n5 in hi/ Ora0. 5e la155. C3n/0an0ini" (+a;. ii. ;.mihi J. A====D.) in 0he/e 43r5/, K#reekL E0 ille 1i5em 1ni6eni01/ Dei Serm3" a/ae+1li/ ;rin+i;i3 +aren0i91/" a5 in:ini0a 1/1e e0 in0ermina0a /ae+1la re6na0 +1m Pa0re.See a937e B33k i. . " -, al/3 iii. " -, i7. , 7. J. an5" a937e all" The353ri0i Hi/0.E++le/. i9. i. +a;;. <i. <ii. in 0he la00er 3: 4hi+h a C3;8 3: 0he Ni+ene Cree5 i/ 6i7en" a/

emana0in6 :r3m E1/e9i1/" an5 0hi/ :3r 0he /;e+i:i+ ;1r;3/e 3: /he4in6" 0ha0 he 4a/ n3Arian. See al/3 hi/ E++l. Hi/0. i9. i. +a;. ii. al/3 0he In0r351+0i3n 03 0hi/ $3rk. See al/3"6enerall8" 0he 043 $3rk/ 3: 31r a10h3r a6ain/0 Mar+ell1/. In i9. ii. E++l. The3l36. +a;.<i7. he /;eak/" in5ee5" 3: Hi/ ha7in6 a 9e6innin6" 910 0hi/ i/ 4i0h re:eren+e 03 hi/ ;r3+ee5in6 :r3m 0he Fa0her, in 30her 43r5/" 9i/ 9ein6 re7eale5 03 +rea0e5 ra0i3nale<i/0en+e/.

. Thi/ ar61men0 i/ a5mira9l8 ;r3/e+10e5 in 0he Pre;. E7an6. i9. iii. +a;. <iii. ;. .





/e. a/ i0 i/ al/3 in 0he #rae+ar1m a::e+0i3n1m C1ra0i3" 98 The353re0" Serm3. I. /e.

J. See al/3" De la155. C3n/0an0" +a;. 7ii. ;. J-. B. 4here 4e ha7e a /imilar re+en/i3n3: 0he/e Dei0ie/. O1r ;a//a6e" h34e7er" i/ :31n5 i9. +a;. <iii. J-. A.

G. - See al/3 0he H3milia Clemen0ina 1in0a. <<ii. <<iii. /e.

. J Ci+er3 (5e Na01ra De3r1m in. J" G) ha/ a5mira9l8 5e;i+0e5 0hi/ /0a0e 3: 0hin6/ , Pi/+em S8ri 7eneran01r , 3mne :ere 6en1/ 9e/0iar1m Ae68;0ii +3n/e+ra7er1n0. !am 7er3in #rae+ia m1l03/ ha9en0 e< h3mini91/ De3/ & Ala9an51m Ala9an5i & Tene5ii Tenem &e1+30heam" 1ae :1i0 In3" e0 e>1/ Palaem3nem :ili1m" +1n+0a #rae+ia& Her+1lem"Ae/+1la;i1m" T8n5ari5a/ & R3m1l1m n3/0ri" ali3/1e +3m;l1re/" 13/" 1a/i n373/ e0a/+ri;0i0i3/ +i7e/" in +3el1m re+e;03/ ;10an0...Hae+ i6i01r in53+0i. 1i5 73/ ;hil3/3;hi1i meli3ra . . . 1are i6i01r ;l1re/ a5>1n6im1/ De3/ 1an0a a10em e/0 ill3r1mm1l0i0153 . . . /in61la/ enim /0ella/ n1mera/ De3/& e3/1e a10 9ell1ar1m n3mine

a;;ella/" 10 Ca;ram" 10 Ne;am" 10 Ta1r1m" 10 Di3nem& a10 rer1m inanima0ar1m" 10 Ar63"10 Aram" 10 C3r3nam. Se5" 10 hae+ +3n+e5an01r" reli1a 1i 0an5em n3n m353 +3n+e5i"/e5 3mnin3 in0elli6i ;3//1n0 C1m :r16e/" Cererem& 7in1m" i9er1m 5i+im1/" 6eneren3/ 1i5em /erm3ni/" 10im1r 1/i0a03, /e5 e+1em 0am amen0em e//e ;10a/" 1i ill15" 137e/+a01r" De1m +re5a0 e//e

. Ora0. 5e la155. C3n/0an0" i9. B. See al/3 Clemen/ Ale<an5r. A5m3ni0i3 a5 #en0e/" ;.-. /e.

S3 H3ra+e Serm. i9. i. Sa0. 7iii. . Olim 0r1n+1/ eram" *+. A0hena63ra/ e6a0. ;r3Chri/0" ;. GG" 6i7e/ an a5mira9le a++31n0 3: 0he :ir/0 Ima6e/" an5 Ima6e=maker/" am3n6

0he #reek/.

. - S3 Ter01llian" E++le/. Hi/0" 3: 0he /e+3n5 an5 0hir5 +en01rie/" 98 0he Bi/h3; 3:Bri/03l" Cam9ri56e" G" ;. G. An Ima6e am3n6 I53la0er/ i/ n30hin6" 1n0il +3n/e+ra0e5an5 a Dei08 /1;;3/e5 03 re/i5e 4i0hin i0. The8 are 0hen +3n/i5ere5 a/ Te-#'e!. (KAra9i+L"P3+3+k. /;e+. Hi/0. Ara9. ;;. " " /e.) 3r 5ha#e'! 3: 0he Dei08. Fr3m 0he :3ll34in6 ;a//a6e 3: a+0an0i1/ (i9. i0. +a;. <7iii. ;. -") i0 i/ 397i31/" 0ha0 Ima6e/ +31l5 n30ha7e ha5 ;la+e in 0he Ch1r+h,... n3n e/0 519i1m" 1in reli6i3 n1lla /i0" ubi&un6ue !i-u'a&ru- e/0. Nam /i reli6i3 e< 5i7ini/ re91/ e/0& 5i7ini a10em nihil e/0" ni/i in+3ele/0i91/ re91/& +aren0 er63 reli6i3ne /im1la+ra" 1ia nihil ;30e/0 e//e +3ele/0e in ea re"1ae :i0 e< 0erra. ...1i+1i5 enim /im1la01r" i5 :al/1m /i0 ne+e//e e/0, ne+ ;30e/0

1n1am 7ere n3men a++i;ere" 135 7eri0a0em :1+3 e0 imi0a0i3ne men0i01r.

. See /e+0. G-. B33k I.====#r. (Ora0. 5e la155. C3n/0an0"i9.) " atade/s#oij$ 4hi+h" a/ Vale/i1/ /he4/" i9. n30e/" ;. JJ" i/ a 0erm a;;lie5 03ma6i+al 1/a6e/. See 0hi/ n30e. See al/3 0he Pre;. E7an6. i9. 7i. +a;. i<. ;. . C.

. J a+0an0i1/ (i9. ii. +a;. <i7.) /a8/ 3: 0he/e" 0ha0 0he8 4ere 3ri6inall8 An6el/ /en0:r3m Hea7en 03 ;r30e+0 an5 637ern men & 910" :allin6 in03 l1/0 0hr316h 0he 0em;0a0i3n/ 3:



Sa0an" 0he8 a0 len60h 9e+ame hi/ mini/0er/, 4hi+h ha/ e7i5en0l8 9een 0aken :r3m 0he!e4/. See 0he Tar61m/ 3n #en. 7i. . He :1r0her 0ell/ 1/" 0ha0 0he #rammarian/ /a8 0he8are /3 +alle5" a/ 9ein6 da%&#onej" i. e. kno%in(.S1+h i/" I 0hink 0he Boot (KL3ri6inall8 Boodhi %i!e) 3: 0he Ea/0" 03 0hi/ 5a8. ==== He/i35 al/3 make/ 0hem the

(uardian! o -en fu&aej qn%tw~n a0nqrw&pwn. (O;er. e0 Die/. i9. ..). Thi/ 3;ini3n ;re7ail/ /0ill in 0he Ea/0, an5 i0 i/ a::irme5" 0ha0 4h3le re6i3n/ are/19>e+0e5 03 0heir +3n0r31l" a/ ma8 9e /een in 0he Da9i/0an" 0he Hakk 3l8akeen( KAra9i+L )" an5 man8 30her Per/i+ an5 Ara9i+ 43rk/. a+0an0i1/ 0ell/ 1/" a li00le l34er534n" :r3m Herme/ Tri/me6i/01/" 0ha0 ;ie08" +3n/i/0in6 in 0he kn34le56e 3: 0he 0r1e#35" 4a/ /1::i+ien0 03 /a7e men :r3m 0heir e7il in:l1en+e. P3r;h8r8 0ell/ 1/ (Pre;. E7an6.i9. 7. +a;. <. ;. . an5 The353re0" #r. a::e+0. +1ra0. E5. #ai/:3r5. ;. -.) 0ha0 0he8 areall e7il Dem3n/, 0heir Chie: 9ein6 Sara;i/" i.e. Pl103" 3r He+a0e, an5 (Pre;. E7an6. i9")m1+h 0he /ame i/ /ai5 98 Ane93 0he E68;0ian.

. G See Pre;. E7an6. i9. i. +a;. <. , ii. +a;. i. Di353r. Si+1l. i9. i. < ==== <iii. a+0an0.

i9. i. +a;. 7iii ==== <7. 4h3 ;r3/e+10e/ 0hi/ ar61men0 a0 m1+h len60h" an5 6i7e/ 1/ e7en0he ;hil3/3;hi+al Ci+er3 5ei:8in6 hi/ 34n 5a16h0er

-. S8r. KS8ria+L" #r. Melikam3>" 0he Ph3eni+ian Her+1le/ a++3r5in6 03San+h3nia0h3n" Pre;. E7an6. i9. i. +a;. <. ;. -. In 0he

Ora0. 5e la155. C3n/0an0" ;. J-. i0 i/ 4ri00en 'ea&qaron. The 43r5 ha/ 9een 6rea0l85e:3rme5 98 0he C3;8i/0/ in 31r 0e<0. See 0he n30e 3: Vale/i1/ 03 0he a937e ;la+e" +a;.<iii. ;. (n30e/) JJ.

. KS8ria+L Ora0. 5e la155. C3n/0an0" ;. J--. Ou(swron. Pre;. E7an6. ;. -J. Ou(

swron.

J. S8r. KS8ria+L" Ora0. 5e la155. C3n/0an0" ;. J--" )ou&sarij, 0he )usa&r%j 3: 0he#reek an5 a0in 4ri0er/" a/ n30e5 98 B3+har0" an5" a:0er him" 98 P3+3+ke" S;e+. Hi/0.Ara9. ;. G" an5 4hi+h he 0hink/ i/ 0he Ara9i+ KAra9i+L Dhu!hara 3r Ba++h1/. See al/30he n30e 3: Vale/i1/ a5 +a;. <iii. Ora0. 5e la155. C3n/0an0" ;. JJ.

G. - S8r. KS8ria+L. Pr39a9l8 0he 0O*o_d" Uraniu! 3: S0e;hen 3: B8?an0i1m" a/ +i0e5 98P3+3+ke S;e+. Hi/0. Ara9. ;. -" *+. an5 7ari31/l8 a++31n0e5 :3r 98 him. The ;a//a6ei/ :31n5 in E1/e9. Ora0. 5e la155. C3n/0an0. ;. J-====-. O953n. B10 /ee 0he n30e 3:Vale/i1/ 3n 0hi/ ;la+e" i9. ;. JJ" 4hi+h i/ :1ll an5 7al1a9le.

. S8r. KS8ria+L #r. +a&#o"ij" 3r +a&#o"ij. See V3//i1/ 5e I53l3la0ria" i9. i.+a;. <<<i<. Her3530. i7. . an5 Ph30i1/. The ?a'-o+i! 3r ?a-o'+i! 3: 0he #e0ae. TheS8ria+ 53e/ n30 /1;;3r0 0he +3n>e+01re (pai~dej) 3: Vale/i1/ here. In 0he/e +a/e/" 0heS8ria+ Tran/la03r /eem/ 03 ha7e 0aken 0he 0ermina0i3n 3: 0he #reek a++1/a0i7e +a/e.

. J S8r. KS8ria+L. #r. 'o&,oj. O7i5. Me0am. 7iii. -J. 0erme5 A-#)&ide! a/ 9ein6 0he



/3n 3: A-#)&u!. I0. i9. <ii. JG. J. See al/3 Ora0. 5e la155. C3n/0an0" ;.J--. 'o&,ion" an5 0he n30e 3: Vale/i1/.

. G S8r. KS8ria+L. #r. 0-#.a&rewn. a155. C3n/0an0" i9. See 0he O58//. O. .

H3r. O5. iii. G. Ci+. 5e Na0. De3r. ii. -. O7i5. E<. P3n0. E;i/0. i9. in. . J. *+. E1/e9.la155. C3n/0an0.0-#.a&rewn. Vale/i1/. n30e i9. 0-#.a&rew. The Tr3>an/ al/3"a++3r5in6 03 A0hena63ra/" 43r/hi;;e5 He+03r an5 Helen" 0he a+e5em3nian/A6amemn3n" an5 Ph8l3nae, an5 /3 3: 30her/. e6a0 ;r3 Chri/0iani/" a0 i0/+3mmen+emen0" S3 i9. ;. G. A6ain" i9. ;. G-" he 6i7e/ 1/ 0he /03r8 3: 0he m1n5ane e66 &4hi+h i5en0i:ie/ 0hi/ m80h3l368" 4i0h 0ha0 3: 0he Brahmin/ 3: Hin51/0an. S3 al/3The3;hil1/ a5 A103l8+1m" i9. ii." 4h3 re:er/ 03 0he A7e/ 3: Ari/03;hane/ a/ hi/a10h3ri08, ;. G. i0. Clemen/ Ale<an5" A5m3ni0i3 a5 #en0e/. ;. -J. /e.

. The #reek 0e<0" Ora0. 5e la155. C3n/0an0" i/ 5e:e+0i7e here" a/ Vale/i1/ ha/ ;r3;erl8remarke5" an5 a/ /3me 3: 0he MSS. ha7e in0ima0e5 98 in/er0in6 0he 43r5 ei/pei . (;.

J--. an5 JJ n30e/).

. . . .135 /i i0a e/0" C3eli 131e ;aren0e/ Dii ha9en5i /1n0" Ae0her" e0 Die/"e3r1m1e :ra0re/ e0 /3r3re/" 1i a 6eneal36i/ an0i1i/ /i+ n3minan01r" Am3r" D3l3r"Me01/" a93r" In7i5ia" Fa01m" Sene+01/" M3r/" Tene9rae" Mi/eria" 1erela" #ra0ia" Fra1/"Per0ina+ia" Par+ae" He/;eri5e/" S3mnia& 13/ 3mne/ Ere93 e0 N3+0e na03/ :er1n0. A10hae+ m3n/0ra ;r39an5a /1n0" a10 ;rima illa 03llen5a. Ci+. 5e Na0. De3r. iii. .

. Er63 hi Dii /1n0 ha9en5i" m3r0ali91/ na0i ma0ri91/ (/+. A;3ll3" V1l+an1/"Mer+1ri1/" Her+1le/" Ae/+1la;i1/. Ba++h1/. *+.) Ci+. i9. +. . C3m;. Clemen/.Ale<an5. A5m3n. a5 #en0e/. ;. . /e.

-. !am 7er3 1i5 73/ illa 5ele+0a0 e<;li+a0i3 :a91lar1m" e0 en35a0i3 n3min1me</e+01m a :ili3 C3el1m" 7in+01m i0i5em a :ili3 Sa01rn1m *+." Ci+. i9. iii. . Fr3m ;a//a6e/ 3: 0hi/ /3r0" 3++1rrin6 in 0he ;r3:ane a10h3r/" i0 /h31l5 /eem" 0ha0 0he 9e/0in:3rme5 3: 0h3/e 0ime/ 4ere 6r34in6 4ear8 3: 0he :3llie/ 3: hea0heni/m. Ne7er0hele//0he8 a5here5 03 0he/e err3r/" an5 e7en 5e:en5e5 0hem , :3r 4hi+h a+0an0i1/" 7er8 ;r3;erl8 +a/0i6a0e/ 0hem" an5 Ci+er3 in ;ar0i+1lar" i9. ii. ii.

. #r. K#reekL 0he /0ealin6 3: 43men" 4hi+h ;r37e5 0he +a1/e 3: /3 man8 4ar/ inan+ien0 0ime/. Ora0. 5e la155. C3n/0an0" ;. J--. A. B.

J. The #reek 0e<0 3: 0he Ora0. 5e la155. C3n/0an0" lea7e/ 1/ here& 910. re+1r/ 03 0hi/ ;a//a6e" i9. ;. J-. D.

G. - The m3/0 :am31/ in/0an+e/ 3: 0hi/ /3r0 4a/. ;erha;/" a::3r5e5 98 0he Tem;le 3:Ven1/ in C8;r1/& 03 4hi+h ;e3;le re/3r0e5 :r3m all 1ar0er/. A /imilar 1/a6e 390aine5am3n6 0he Ba98l3nian/. Her3530. i. .

. J The 4ell=kn34n ra;e 3: #an8me5e" /3n 3: Tr3/ kin6 3: Phr86ia. O7i5. Me0. <. JJ.



/h3r0l8 5e0ail/ 0he ma00er 0h1/, Re< S1;er1m Phr86ii 13n5am #an8me5i/ am3re Ar/i0,e0 in7en01m e/0 ali1i5" 135 !1;i0er e//e" 1am 135 era0" malle0. See al/3 a+0an0i1/5e :al/a Reli6. i9. i. +a;. <. ;. -. E5i0. G. Ill15 7er3 /1mmae im;ie0a0i/ a+ /+eleri/"135 re6i1m ;1er1m ra;1i0 a5 /01;r1m, /e. See al/3 Clemen/ Ale<an5." 4h3 re+i0e/

/e7eral /1+h +a/e/. I9. The353re0. #rae+. a::e+0. +1ra0. Serm. iii. ;. J. /e. An5Arn39i1/ a57er/1/ #en0e/" i9. i. ;. GJ. /e. E5i0. G.

. G R3m. i. . O1r 0e<0 5i::er/ /3 m1+h :r3m 0he Pe/+hi03" a/ 03 4arran0 0hea//1m;0i3n" 0ha0 i0 4a/ 0ran/la0e5 :3r 0he 3++a/i3n. I0 /0an5/ 0h1/, KS8ria+L. Thi/ ;la+e3++1r/ in 0he Ora0. 5e la155. C3n/0an0" +a;. <iii. ;. J-J. A. Tha0 31r a10h3rha/ not 37er/0a0e5 0hi/ ma00er" i/ e7i5en0 :r3m man8 an+ien0 4ri0er/ 3: 0he 6rea0e/0re/;e+0a9ili08. The :3ll34in6 i/ :r3m Ci+er3" De Na0. De3r1m. i. G. E<;3/1i :ere" n3n ;hil3/3;h3r1m >15i+ia" /e5 5eliran0i1m /3mnia. Ne+ enim m1l03 a9/1r5i3ra /1n0 ea" 1aeP3e0ar1m 73+i91/ :1/a" i;/a /1a7i0a0e n3+1er1n0& 1i e0 ira in'a--ato! et 'ibidine urente! indu+erunt Deo! e&erunt6ue ut eoru- be''a #u(na! #roe'ia vu'nera

videre-u! $ odia #raeterea di!!idia di!&ordia! ortu! interitu! 6uere'a! 'a-entatione!eu!a! in o-ni inte-#erantia 'ibidine! adu'teria vin&u'a &u- hu-ano (enere&on&ubitu! -orta'e!6ue e+ i--orta'i #ro&reate!." N3r" a++3r5in6 03 Ci+er3 him/el:"4ere 0he ;hil3/3;her/ in an8 re/;e+0 9e00er. C3m;are 0he :ir/0 :e4 /e+0i3n/ 3: 0he 43rk"De Na01ra De3r1m. T3 0he /ame e::e+0" P3r;h8r8 in 0he Pre;. E7an6. i9. i7. +a;. <<ii. ;.. D. An5 i9. i9. <ii. +a;. <li<. ;. G. Ori6en +3n0ra Cel/. i9. 7ii. ;. -GJ. Pla03 in hi/Re;19li+/" i9. <.==== M1+h 3: 0hi/ n3<i31/ /3r0 3: ma00er i/ 03 9e :31n5 in /3me 3: 0heCla//i+ a10h3r/ /0ill e<0an0" an5 4hi+h are 033 3:0en ;10 in03 0he han5/ 3: 31r 8310h" e. 6.The C3me5ie/ 3: Pla101/" Teren+e" an5 Ari/03;hane/& 0he E;i6ram/" *+. 3: Mar0ial an5A1/3ni1/" *+.====See The3;hil1/ a5 A103l8+1m" i9. iii. ;. . /e.

.-

S8r. KS8ria+L /h31l5 ;erha;/" 9e 0he rea5in6 3: 0he /e+3n5 43r5 here. The meanin63: 31r a10h3r ;r39a9l8 i/" 0ha0 0he e<+i0emen0 re+ei7e5 a0 0he/e e<hi9i0i3n/ 4a/ n30 1nlike0ha0==== 036e0her 4i0h 0he 30her 0hin6/ here men0i3ne5"====4i0ne//e5 in +3rn ;ar+he5 98 a/har; :ire, i. e. 98 ha7in6 an 1nna01ral /0im1l1/ a;;lie5" e7in+e5 an 1nna01ral a+0i3n. The4h3le ;la+e h34e7er" i/ 39/+1re.

-. S3 Ta0ian (Ora0. +3n0ra #rae+3/" ;. G. C. /e.) K#reekL " 1i5 39/e+r3 :i0 a;1573/ e6re6i1m" a10 a5mira0i3ne 5i6n1m O9/+3ena 7er9a na/3 re/3nan0e e::10i1n0" e0m301/ in5e+en0e/ m37en01r" e0 a51l0eri3r1m in /+ena ma6i/0r3/ :ilia/ e0 :ilii 7e/0ri/;e+0an0" *+. See 0he n30e/ 03 /e+0. - a937e& /3me 6335 remark/ 3n 0hi/ /19>e+0 4ill 9e:31n5" +i0e5 :r3m P3r;h8r8" in 0he Pre;. E7an6. i9. i7. +a;. <<ii. ;. . D. Fr3m Pla03"

i9. i9. <ii. . D. /e. In The353re0" #r. a::e+0" +1ra0i3" Serm. iii. T3m. i7. ;. J. D. /e.See al/3 The3;hil1/ a5 A103l8+1m" i9. in. ;. . D. 4here an a5mira9le le//3n 03Chri/0ian/ 4ill 9e :31n5 3n 0hi/ ;3in0.

-. J S3 E;h. i7. " . " Havin( the under!tandin( darkened bein( a'ienated ro- the'ie o ,od ... bein( #a!t ee'in( have (iven the-!e've! over unto 'a!&iviou!ne!! to%ork a'' un&'eanne!! %ith (reedine!!." Pla03 /eem/ 03 ha7e hel5 m1+h 0he /ame 3;ini3n3n 0he/e ma00er/" /ee 0he ;la+e >1/0 ;3in0e5 310. See al/3 Clemen/ Ale<an5. A5m3n. a5



#en0e/. ;. -. /e.

-. S1+h :3r e<am;le" a/ 0he la931r/ 3: Her+1le/& an5" in 0he ;re/en0 5a8" 0h3/e 3:B155ha" Rama" *+. a/ a931n5in6 in 0he ;3e0i+ :i+0i3n/ 3: 0he B155hi/0/" Hin533/" an5

30her/. Ci+er3 4a/ /3 m1+h im;re//e5 4i0h 0he a9/1r5i0ie/ ;10 :3r0h 98 0he Phil3/3;her/"0ha0 he +3n:e//e/" 0ha0 al0h316h he i/ m3/0 4illin6 03 re+ei7e 0he 0r10h" 8e0 he 53190/"4he0her i0 i/ a0 all 03 9e :31n5 4i0h310 m1+h a5mi<01re 3: err3r. Hi/ 43r5/ are" (De Na01ra De3r1m" i" J.) N3n enim /1m1/ ii" 1i91/ nihil 7er1m e//e 7i5e01r" /e5 ii" 1i3mni91/ 7eri/ :al/a 1ae5am a5>1n+0a e//e 5i+am1/" 0an0a /imili015ine" 10 in ii/ n1llain/i0 +er0a >15i+an5i e0 a//en0ien5i n30a. Pla032/ 3;ini3n/ 3n 0he/e :33li/h an5a93mina9le /03rie/ ma8 9e /een in #ai/:3r52/ E5i0. 3: The353re0. #r. a::e+0. +1ra0. ;. ./e. Pre;. E7an6. i9. ii. +a;. 7ii.

--. See 0he Pre;. E7an6. i9. <. +a;. i. /e. i0. i9. <i7. +a;. i<. ;. . Al/3 Ta0iani+3n0ra #rae+3/ Ora0i3. in i0/ 310/e0" an5 The353re0 #r. a::e+0" +1ra0. Serm. i. F3r a

6eneral a++31n0 3: 0he Phil3/3;her/ an5 0heir +hr3n3l36i+al /1++e//i3n" /ee 0he Pre;.E7an6. i9. <. +a;. <i7. Di36. aer0. i9. i. ;re:. /e. Br1+keri Hi/0. Cri0. Phil3/. T3m. i.O1r a10h3r ha/ /he4n ;re008 m1+h a0 len60h" Pre;. E7an6. i9. ii. +a;. i. ;. J , i9. G==== G" 0ha0 0he #reek/ 4ere 6rea0 +3;8i/0/" an5 e7en ;la6iari/0/" 930h :r3m :3rei6ner/an5 :r3m 3ne an30her. S3 al/3 Clemen/ Ale<an5. S0r3m. i9. 7i. near 0he 9e6innin6, an5"3n 0he /1++e//i3n 3: 0he #reek Phil3/;her/" i9. i9. i. ;. -. C. /e. E5i0. G.

-. S3 E;i+1r1/ a:0er Dem3+ri01/" a++3r5in6 03 Pl10ar+h (5e Pla+i0. Phil3/3;h. ;. .See al/3 0heir li7e/ in Di36. aer0i1/.) Ato-! are" in 31r 43rk" 0erme5 KS8ria+L bodie!that &annot be &ut9 i.e. in5i7i/i9le. S3 +alle5" a++3r5in6 03 Pl10ar+h" K#reekL i. e. I0 i/0erme5 ato- n30 9e+a1/e i0 i/ 7er8 /mall" 910 9e+a1/e it &annot be &ut 3r divided. The

S8rian 0ran/la03r ha/ a7aile5 him/el: 3: 0hi/" an5 a53;0e5 i0 a++3r5in6l8. The/e a03m/ha5" a++3r5in6 03 Dem3+ri01/" i(ure an5 -a(nitude $ 03 4hi+h E;i+1r1/a55e5 %ei(ht $ 4i0h310 4hi+h" a/ he 0h316h0" 0he8 +31l5 n30 6ra7i0a0e. The8 4ere/1;;3/e5 033" 03 9e 7ari31/ in :3rm" round ova' an(u'ar hooked *+. *+. (See Br1+keriHi/0. Cri0. Phil3/. ;. G-. T3m. i.) , 4hi+h" I /1;;3/e" 31r a10h3r in0ima0e/ 4hen he/a8/" "%ithout e+tent 3r" havin( #ro7e&tin( #art!" *+. S8r.KS8ria+L. Ma00er /imilar 03 0hi/4ill 9e :31n5 in 0he Pre;. E7an6. i9. i. +a;. 7iii. An5 0he 4h3le ;a//a6e :r3m Pl10ar+h"i9. i9. <i7. +a;. <i7. ;. . A. /e. 4hi+h /ee.

-J. S3 al/3 N1meni1/" Pre;. E7an6. i9. <i. +a;. <<ii. K#reekL. Pl10ar+h a/+ri9e/ 0hen30i3n a9310 Re!t 03 Ar+hi5am1/" (a+3ni+a A;3;h0he6ma0a" ;. . /e. T3m. ii. E5i0.

G) in 0he/e 43r5/,ao_n %sui/a , i.e. Re!t i! (ood. A6ain" (i9. C3m. re;16nan0S03i+" ;. --)" he /;eak/ 3: 0hi/ /en0imen0 a/ ;rai/e5 98 Hier3n8m1/ an5 E;i+1r1/ (/ee. J 9el34)" an5 9lame/ 0he Phil3/3;her/ :3r a53;0in6 i0" 4hile 0he8 re+3mmen5e5 ana+0i7e li:e. Hi/ 43r5/ are , K#reekL. An5 /3 Di36ene/ aer0i1/ in hi/ li:e 3: Dem3+ri01/,K#reekL. Finem 7er3 e//e re+01m" 1ie01m1e animi /0a01m" 1ameu0qu#i/an 73+a0"1/e" 10 1i5am 39li1e in0er;re0an01r" n3n i5em /i0 135 73l1;0a/" rer1m /e+1n51m1am anim1/ ma6na 0ran1ili0a0e +3n/0an0ia1e 9ea01/ e/0" 51m n1ll3 me01" n1lla/1;er/0i0i3ne" a10 alia 1a7i/ ;er01r9a0i3ne a6i0a01r. Ean5em 7er3 e0 !u0estw_ a;;ella0"



a 93ni0a0e +3n/0an0iae" m1l0i/1e n3mini91/ alii/. I0 /h31l5 /eem al/3" 0ha0 he 4r30e 043 933k/ 3n 0hi/ /19>e+0" 3ne en0i0le5" "De !edatione Ani-i" an5 0he 30her" " Eue!to." Seei9. Thi/ ;r39a9l8 4a/ 0he 3ri6in 3: 0he E;i+1rean 0ene0" o P'ea!ure 9ein6 0he +hie: 6335.See al/3 Br1+ker" Hi/0. Cri0. Phil3/. T3m. i. ;. . /e. i0. , 4here 4e are 03l5" 0ha0

0he #'ea!ure o re!t 4a/ 0he E;i+1rean 0ene0, 0ha0 3: -otion 0he C8renai+, an5" 0ha0E;i+1r1/ ha/ 9een 6rea0l8 4r3n6e5" 98 ha7in6 9een 0h316h0 a !en!ua'i!t.

-G. - $hi+h i/ 910 an e+h3 3: (Di36. aer0. li:e 3: E;i+1r1/)" K#reekL

-. An5 /3 0he Hin533/ 3: 0he ;re/en0 5a8. a+0an0i1/ en0er/ :1ll8" an5 el31en0l8 3n0hi/ /19>e+0" i9. i. +a;. ii. 5e :al/a reli6i3ne.

-. S1+h" a++3r5in6 03 Pl10ar+h" 4a/ E1ri;i5e/ 0he 0ra6i+ P3e0& n30 5arin6 3;enl8 03 ;r3:e// hi/ n30i3n/" 0hr316h :ear 3: 0he Are3;a61/. De Pla+i0. Phil3/. ;. . V3l. ii.

-. M1+h 0he /ame 0hin6 i/ /ai5 98 A0hena63ra/" e6a0. ;r3 Chri/0" ;. . D. an5 in 0hePre;. E7an6. i9. <7. +a;. 7. ;. ....K#reekL T3 0he /ame e::e+0 al/3 The353re0" Serm.5e Pr37i5. i. T3m. i7. ;. -. A. Ta0ian. Ora0. +3n0ra #rae+3/" in 0he 310/e0" an5 Di36.aer0. in 7i0a Ari/0. near 0he en5. The353re0 a6ain" #r. a::e+0. +1ra0. E5. #ai/:3r5" a55/ 3n0hi/ /19>e+0. K#reekL In1i0 enim a5 l1nam 1/1e Dei 619erna0i3nem 5e:erri$ 1ae 7er3/1n0 in:ra l1nam :a03 e//e /19>e+0a.

. - Pla03" a/ +i0e5 98 aer0i1/" (i9. iii. /e6m. ) make/ heal0h" /0ren60h" 0he in0e6ri083: 0he /en/e/" 4eal0h" :amil8" 6l3r8" *+. ne+e//ar8 03 ha;;ine//& 910 he 53e/ n30 e<+l15e7ir01e. S3 al/3 Ari/030le" a++3r5in6 03 Ta0ian. Ora0. +3n0ra #rae+3/. ini0.

. The 3;ini3n/ 3: 0he An+ien0/ 3n 0he /31l" are 6i7en a0 len60h in Ari/030le2/ 43rk" De anima" i9. i. +a;. ii.

. J Ari/030le" De anima" i9. n. ea;. i. /e. Di36. aer0. in 7i0a Ari/0. ;r3;e :inem.Pl10ar+h 5e Pla+i0i/ Phil3/. (;. J.) K#reekL Tu- i#!a or-a 6ua- vo&a-u!ente'e&heian." The 3ri6in 3: 0hi/ he a/+ri9e/ 03 Ari/030le" (i9. ;. .) a/ a ;rin+i;le inna01re. K#reekL Ari/030le ma5e Ente'e&hia or or- -atter an5 #rivation ;rin+i;le/" *+.B10" h34 0hi/ i/ /ai5 03 9e a/+ri9e5 03 0he /31l 98 Ari/030le an5 hi/ :3ll34er/" ma8 9e/een in an e<0ra+0 :r3m Pl30in1/" Pre;. E7an6. i9. <7. +a;. <. E5i0. Vi6er. ;. . /e.an5 Br1+keri Hi/0. Cri0. Phil3/. T3m. i. ;. . /e. Ci+er3 (T1/+1l. 1/e/0. i9. i. +a;. <..)" 0ell/ 1/ 0ha0 0hi/ 4a/ a :i:0h elemen0 4i0h Ari/030le, i. e. in a55i0i3n 03 0h3/e 3: ear0h"

air" :ire" an5 4a0er, hi/ 43r5/ are" 1in01m 6en1/ a5hi9e0" 7a+an/ n3mine& e0 /i+ i;/1manim1m e0ntee/eiana;;ella0 n373 n3mine, 1a/i 1an5am +3n0in1a0am m30i3neme0 ;erennem. See al/3 !1/0in Mar08r. Ora0. Parene0. E5. S0e;h. ;. -. . J. The353re0#rae+. a::e+0. +1ra0. ;. J. E5i0. #ai/:3r5. K#reekL

-. a+0an0i1/ i9. i. +a;. 7. . E5. G. 0ell/ 1/ 0ha0" Ari/030ele/" 1am7i/ /e+1mi;/a 5i//i5ea0" a+ re;16nan0ia /i9i e0 5i+a0 e0 /en0ia0, in /1mm1m 0amen 1nam men0emm1n53 ;raee//e 0e/0a01r" 4hi+h /eem/ 03 me a5mira9l8 03 /1i0 0hi/ ;la+e. Br1+ker"====an



in7al1a9le 4ri0er 3n 0he ;hil3/3;h8 3: 0he an+ien0/"====0h1/ /;eak/ /1mmaril8 3nAri/030le" (Hi/0. Cri0. Phil3/. T3m. I. ;. . E5. /e+1n5.)

. A6ain" /;eakin6 3: 0he Dem3n3l368 3: Ari/030le" he /a8/ (i9. ;. -.) 1i91/ (i. e.

5em3ni91/) an ;re+e/ e0 /a+ri:i+ia 3::eren5a /in0"...+a101/ n3n e<;li+1i0& 7eri/imile0amen" Ari/030elem ea in0er i/0a/ :a91la/" a5 ;3;ell1m 5elinien51m...e<+36i0a0a/"re01li//e. A0hena63ra/ +har6e/ him 4i0h 9elie7in6" 0ha0 0he 3ne #35 +3n/i/0e5 930h 3:/31l an5 9358 & an5 0ha0 0hi/ 9358 4a/ e0hereal" 3r +3n/i/0e5 3: 0he Ae0her. e6a0. ;r3.Chri/0. ;. J.

J. The 53+0rine here ha5 in 7ie4" i/ 0h1/ /0a0e5 98 Ari/03+le/ (Pre;. E7an6. i9. <7.+a;. <i7.) K#reekL. The8 /a8 0ha0 :ire i/ an elemen0 3: 0hin6/"====>1/0 a/ Hera+li01/ 5i5====an5 0ha0 3: 0hi/ (elemen0) 0he 3ri6ina03r/ 4ere Ma00er an5 #35"====a/ Pla03 ha5.====B100he/e /a8" 0ha0 930h are 935ie/" 930h 0he 53in6 an5 0he /1::erin6 , 4hile he a::irme5" 0ha00he :ir/0 4a/ 0he a+0i7e an5 1nem935ie5 +a1/e. The8 al/3 /a8" 0ha0" a:0er +er0ain 5e:ine5

an5 :a0all8 a;;3in0e5 ;eri35/" 0he 4h3le 43rl5 /hall 9e 91rne5" an5 a6ain 9e /e0 in 9ea10i:1l 3r5er" *+.====I0 i/ a55e5" (i9.) 0ha0 0hi/ :ire +3n0ain/ 4i0hin i0" a/ /ee5" 0he ;r3;er0ie/ an5 +a1/e/ 3: all 0hin6/" ;a/0" ;re/en0" an5 :101re. See al/3" i9. +a;;. <7. <7i.

G. S3 P3r;h8r8" (a/ +i0e5 i9. +a;. <7i.) #35" 0he8 /a8" i/ a /3r0 3: in0elli6en0 :ire" 4hi+h4ill +3n/1me" an5 ;er7a5e all 0hin6/" *+. 4hi+h he +3n5emn/ a/ 100er :3ll8. See al/3S;en+er2/ n30e 3n Ori6en +3n0ra Cel/. i9. i. ;. G. lin. J.

. - S3 Ari1/ Di58m1/ (a/ +i0e5 Pre;. E7an6. i9. <7. +a;. <7.) K#reekL. The8 0erm 0he4h3le 43rl5" 4i0h i0/ ;ar0/" #35. Thi/" 0he8 /a8" i/ 3ne a9/3l10e" li7in6" an5 e0ernal 9ein6"an5 #35, 0ha0" in 0hi/ all 935ie/ are +3n0aine5" an5 0ha0 n3 73i5 (7a+11m) e<i/0/ in him ..

0ha0 0he 43rl5 i/ e0ernal" an5 i/ #35"====He 63e/ 3n 03 /a8" 0ha0 4i0h re/;e+0 03 3r5er" E0+.i0 i/ 9e6300en" an5" a/ 03 0he in:ini0e ;eri35/ 3: 0ime 0hr316h 4hi+h i0 ha/ ;a//e5" 3r i/ 03 ;a//" i0 i/ /19>e+0 03 +han6e& an5 ma8 9e +3n/i5ere5 a/ a /3r0 3: man/i3n :3r #35/ an5men, 3r a/ a +i08 3: 4hi+h 0he #35/ are 0he 637ern31r/& men 0he 637erne5.

. Clean0he/ a::irme5 0ha0 en3" 4i0h Hera+li01/ an5 30her/" ;la+e5 0he na01re 3: 0he/31l in /en/e" 3r 7a;31r. K#reekL. An5 a6ain. S31l/ ari/e a/ 7a;31r :r3m 0hin6/ h1mi5.K#reekL Pre;. E7an6. i9. <7. +a;. <<. D. See 0he 4h3le 3: 0he ar0i+le" 4i0h 0he re:10a0i3n:r3m 3n6in1/" i9. +a;. <<i.

. J The /31l" 0he8 /a8" i/ 930h 6enera0i7e an5 ;eri/ha9le& 910 i/ n30 5i//3l7e5 4i0h 0he

9358" 910 remain/ 3: i0/el: :3r /3me 0ime, 910 0he /31l/ 3: 0he /015i31/ 4ill en51re 0ill 0he6eneral +3n:la6ra0i3n& 4hile 0h3/e 3: 0he i6n3ran0 4ill en51re 3nl8 :3r a +er0ain ;eri35 3:0ime. K#reekL I9. +a;. <<. ;. . B.C. I0 i/ a55e5" 0ha0 0he /31l/ 3: 0he i6n3ran0" a/ 4ella/ 0h3/e 3: 0he irra0i3nal animal/" 4ill ;eri/h 4i0h 0heir 935ie/. The <<ii. Cha;0er" i9.+3n0ain/ a l3n6 an5 7al1a9le ar0i+le 3n 0he/e ma00er/ :r3m Pl30in1/.====See al/3 The35.#rae+. a::e+0. C1ra0. E5. #ai/:3r5" ;. J. /e.

J. G There +an 9e n3 53190" I 0hink" 0ha0 0hi/ n30i3n" a9310 an 1ni7er/al +3n:la6ra0i3n"



4a/ 3ri6inall8 0aken :r3m 0he Bi9le" an5 mi/a;;lie5 930h 98 hea0hen/ an5 9elie7er/. The:ir/0 ;a//a6e 3++1r/ in De10. <<<ii. ==== .& 0he la/0" Pe0er iii. " 4hi+h" 4i0h all 0heir ;arallel/" +ann30 98 an8 le6i0ima0e in0er;re0a0i3n e<0en5 03 an8 0hin6 9e83n5 0he :all 3:!er1/alem" an5 3: hea0hen R3me. In like manner" 4e ha7e a /3r0 3: Millenni1m an5 3:

An0i+hri/0" +3mm3n 03 930h M3hamme5an/ an5 Chri/0ian/" an5 mi/a;;lie5 98 930h.

J. S8r. KS8ria+L. That a(ain He'en and the evi'! o I'iu-. Ana<iman5er al/3 hel5" 0ha00he 43rl5 431l5 9e 5i//3l7e5 an5 a6ain ;r351+e5. Pre;. E7an6. i9. <i7. +a;. <i7. ;. J.B.C. /e.

J. S8r. KS8ria+L" An)tu! and Me'itu!. T43 ;er/3n/ 4h3 4ere ;ar0i+1larl8 1n:rien5l8 03S3+ra0e/" an5 a0 len60h 9r316h0 a9310 M/ +3n5emna0i3n. See Pla032/ A;3l368 :3rS3+ra0e/" an5 Di36ene/ aer0i1/ ii. -, Ta0ian. Ora0. +3n0ra #rae+3/" near 0he 9e6innin6,an5 Ori6en +3n0ra Cel/. i9. i7. ;.. /e.

J-. On 0hi/ 6eneral +3n:la6ra0i3n" /ee 0he Pre;. E7an6. i9. +a;;. <7iii. <i<. ;. . In 0he:3rmer" en3" Clean0he/" an5 Chr8/i;;1/" are /ai5 03 ha7e 9een 0he m3/0 an+ien0 0ea+her/3: 0hi/ 53+0rine.

J. - S8r. KS8ria+L. Am3n6 0he/e Thale/ 0he Mile/ian" Ana<iman5er" Ana<imene/"Ana<a63ra/" Parmeni5e/" 'en3;hane/" e1+i;;1/" Hera+i01/" E;i+1r1/" an5 30her/. The ;er/3n" 4h3 a++3r5in6 03 Br1+ker 4a/ ;e+1liarl8 /08le5 Ph)!i&u!" 4a/ S0ra03 3:am;/a+a" 0he /1++e//3r 3: The3;hra/01/ in 0he 8+e1m. (V3l. i. ;. J. See i9. ;. J./e.)

JJ. S8r. KS8ria+L S3 Thale/" Br1+ker" *+. i9. ;. GJ. /e. S3 0he Brahmin/ 3: In5ia 3:

0he ;re/en0" an5 :3rmer 0ime/. $hi+h i/ ;r39a9l8 n30hin6 m3re 0han 0he Cha3/ 3: 0heBi9le. A++3r5in6 03 Br1+ker h34e7er" i0 i/ 7er8 53190:1l 4he0her Thale/ 4a/ a0hei/0i+"6r31n5in6 0hi/ 3n 0he re1iremen0/ 3: 0he emana0i3n /8/0em. He 630 hi/ ;hil3/3;h8 inE68;0" a++3r5in6 03 Pl10ar+h& 910 /ee 0he Pre;. E7an6. i9. <i7. +a;. <i7. 0he 7ari31/3;ini3n/ 3: 0hi/ /19>e+0" a/ +i0e5 :r3m Pl10ar+h" an5 :3ll34e5 98 0he +3mmen0 3: 31ra10h3r.

JG. J Thi/ 4a/ 0he 3;ini3n 3: Hera+li01/" an5 Hi;;a/1/" 4h3 a55e5" 0ha0 a/ :ire 4a/ 0he3ri6in 3: all" /3 /h31l5 i0 9e 0he 5e/0r1+0i3n. Ana<iman5er 033" a++3r5in6 03 Pl10ar+h (5ePla+i0. Phil3/.) a::irme5 0ha0 #35 4a/ a 6l39e 3: :ire.

J.G

Thi/ 4a/ 0he 3;ini3n 3: Ana<imene/" 4hile Ar+hela1/ ma5e 930h 0he air an5 in:ini080he 3ri6in 3: all 0hin6/, Ana<iman5er" in:ini08 3nl8. P80ha63ra/====0he ;rin+e 3:Phil3/3;her/====n1m9er" an5 i0/ ;r3;3r0i3n/.

J. Em;e53+le/ hel5" 0ha0 0he Elemen0/ 3: all 4ere :ire" air" ear0h" an5 4a0er& 4hile 0hePrin+i;le/ 4ere" Frien5/hi; an5 Di/+3r5, 0he 3ne 1ni0in6 all 0hin6/& 0he 30her 5i//e7erin60hem. F3r a m3re ;ar0i+1lar a++31n0 3: 0he/e Phil3/3;her/" /ee Br1+ker" T3m. ii. Par/. ii.



i9. ii. +a;. i. !e6.

J. In 0he a93mina0i3n/ ;ra+0i/e5 in m3/0 3: 0heir m8/0erie/" a/ 3: Ven1/" 0heEle1/inian" *+. 3: 0he Phall1/ in E68;0" 3: 0he Fa/+in1/ 3: 0he Ve/0al/" an5 3: 0he in6am

3: 0he Hin533/ e7en a0 0hi/ 5a8& man8 3: 4hi+h 390aine5 am3n6 0he #n3/0i+/" an5 53n34 am3n6 0he Dr1?e/ 3n M31n0 i9an1/. See al/3 The353re0" #r. a::e+0. +1ra0. Serm. i. ;. .

G. The/e 4ere 0erme5 A0hei/0/ 98 0he ;hil3/3;her/ 6enerall8. See V3//i1/ 5eI53l3la0ria.. i9. i. +. -...Br1+ker" T3m. i. In5e< A0he1/. a+0an. De :al/a reli6. i9. i. +a;.ii. *+.

G. T3 31r a10h3r2/ :3n5ne// 3: 0hi/ ;hil3/3;h8" 3: ir!t an5 Se&ond 5au!e" an5 03 0he ;ar0i+1lari08 4i0h 4hi+h he :3ll34e5 i0 1;" ma8 ;erha;/ 9e a/+ri9e5 all 0he 9a5 name/ 9e/034e5 3n him" 930h 98 0he an+ien0/ an5 m35ern/. $hen ar61in6 4i0h 0he ;hil3/3;her/

3: hi/ 5a8" he 431l5" na01rall8 en316h" /ei?e 1;3n 0h3/e 0hin6/ 4hi+h 0he8 a;;eare5 03h3l5 in +3mm3n 4i0h him/el:& an5 mi6h0 0hen+e 9e 0em;0e5 al/3 03 a53;0 0heirill1/0ra0i3n/" 03 an e<0en0 4hi+h 431l5 ;r37e 1n:a731ra9le 03 him/el: in 0he en5"====ami/0ake m3re :re1en0l8 +3mmi00e5" ;erha;/" 0han m3/0 men are a4are. In hi/Prae;ara0i3 E7an6+li+a he ha/ I 0hink" 6i7en 6335 ;r33: 3: 0hi/. In B33k 7ii. +h. <i. an5i9. B33k <i. +h. <iii. he ha/ /he4n" 0ha0 0he He9re4/ hel5" in +3mm3n 4i0h Pla03" 0he53+0rine 3: 8ne on') !u#re-e ,od.A6ain" B33k 7ii. +a;. <ii. he 6i7e/ 1/ 4ha0 he /08le/0he The3l368 3: 0he He9re4/ 3n the Se&ond 5au!e the !e&ond E!!en&e the Divine #o%er the ir!t !ub!i!ten&e THE $ORD ( o&goj )" the /i!do- and the Po%er o,od. He 0hen 6i7e/ (+a;. <iii.) 0he 3;ini3n/ 3: Phil3 !15ae1/ 3n 0hi/ /19>e+0" 4hi+h aree<0remel8 +1ri31/& an5 0hen (+a;. <i7.) 0h3/e 3: Ari/0391l1/ 3n 0he /ame. A6ain (B33k <i.

+h. <i7.) 4e ha7e Pla03 (+h. <7.)" Phil3" an5 (+h. <7i.) Pla03 a6ain" an5 (+h. <7ii.) Pl30in1/3n Pla03" (+h. <7iii.) N1meni1/ 3n Pla03" an5 (+h. <i<.) Ameli1/ rea/3nin6 a:0er S0 !3hn"3n 0he /ame /19>e+0. All 3: 4hi+h" 31r a10h3r a::irm/" i/ in /0ri+0 a++3r5an+e 4i0h 0hemin5 3: 0he /a+re5 4ri0er/. An5" I ha7e n3 53190" 0hi/ i/ 03 a +er0ain e<0en0 0r1e, an5" 0ha00he/e 7ie4/ 3ri6ina0e5 in 3ne +3mm3n /31r+e" 7i?. 0he Sa+re5 S+ri;01re/. B10 0hen"/e7eral ;a//a6e/ +i0e5 98 E1/e9i1/" ha7e 397i31/l8 9een mi/1n5er/0335 98 him" e. 6. !39<<7iii. & P/. <<<ii. G" *+. O0her/ ha7e n3 a10h3ri08" 7i?. $i/5. 7i. , 7ii. , 7iii. .4hi+h are a;3+r8;hal. An5 a6ain" in :3ll34in6 310 0he/e 7ie4/" (i9. B33k 7ii. +h. <7. ;.-J)" he ha/ 1nha;;il8 a53;0e5 +3m;ari/3n/" 4hi+h ha7e 9r316h0 1;3n him 0he +har6e 3: Ariani/m, al0h316h he ha/" ;erha;/" /ai5 n30hin6 m3re 0han man8 3: 31r 34n 5i7ine/ha7e" in 0he 0ri0e +3m;ari/3n" 4hi+h make/ 0he 9358 3: 0he S1n 03 re;re/en0 0he Fa0her"

0he li6h0 i//1in6 0here:r3m 0he S3n" an5 0he 4arm0h 0he H3l8 #h3/0. Thi/ /19>e+0 4ill"h34e7er" 9e re/1me5 in 31r In0r351+0i3n" an5 en0ere5 in03 m3re ;ar0i+1larl8. Thi/53+0rine" 3: a Se+3n5 Ca1/e" i/ al/3 03 9e :31n5 in Clemen/. Ale<an5. S0r3m. i9. 7ii. ;.. B.

G. Ci+er3" ne7er0hele//" a++1/e/ him (a/ 31r a10h3r 53e/) 3: 0he 6rea0e/0 in+3n/i/0en+8in 0he/e ma00er/" e.6. De Na0. De3r. i9. .-. . E5. -. ;. . !am 5e Pla03ni/in+3n/0an0iae l3n61m e/0 5ieere..... 135 7er3 /ine +3r;3re 1ll3 De1m 71l0 e//e" 10 #rae+i



5i+1n0 a0sw&#aton...... I5em e0 in Timae3 5i+i0" e0 in e6i91/" e0 M1n51m De1me//e" e0 C3el1m" e0 A/0ra" e0 Terram" e0 anim3/" e0 e3/ 13/ ma>3r1m in/0i010i/ a++e;im1/,1ae e0 ;er /e /1n0 :al/a ;er/;i+1e" e0 in0er /e/e 7ehemen0er ;16nan0ia. O: 0hi/ Maker 3:0he 43rl5" Ci+er3 like4i/e 0ake/ n30i+e& an5" a/ i0 4a/ n30 1nlikel8"====+ir+1m/0an+e5 a/

he 4a/"====ri5i+1le/. I9. +a;. i<. . A15i0e......n3n :10ile/ +3mmen0i+ia/1e /en0en0ia/"n3n o#ii&e- aedii&atore-6ue m1n5i" Pla03ni/ 5e Timae3 De1m, ne+ an1m :a0i5i+amS03i+3r1mro&noian " *+. F3r a :1ll an5 a++1ra0e a++31n0 3: Pla03" hi/ Phil3/3;h8"$ri0in6/" *+." 0he rea5er i/ re:erre5 03 Br1+ker. Hi/0. Cri0. Phil3/. T3m. i. In5e<" 4i0h 0hea10h3r/ +i0e5.

G-. See 0he Pre;. E7an6. i9. <ii. +a;. li. ;. GG. B. /e. i9. ;. G. B. C. /e. i0. G. B./e. i0. +a;. lii.

G. - Thi/ ;a//a6e 3++1r/ in 0he Pre;. i9. <i. +a;. <7i. an5 0here /ai5 03 9e 0aken :r3m 0heE;imeni5e/ 3: Pla03. B10 n3 5ial361e 9earin6 0ha0 0i0le i/ n34 03 9e :31n5 am3n6 0he

4ri0in6/ 3: Pla03" a/ Vi6er ha/ remarke5 in hi/ n30e/. (Pre;. E7an6. ;. J. n30e/.) I03++1r/" h34e7er" in 0he E;in3mi/" . . (;. -. E5i0. 3n5. G.) ...The ;la+e i/ +i0e5 (a/Vi6er al/3 0ell/ 1/) 98 C8ril. Ale<an. i9. 7iii. a6ain/0 !1lian" (E5i0. S;anh. ;. . .) an5 98 The353re0" #rae+ar. a::e+0. E5i0. G. T3m. i7. ;. . E5i0. #ai/:3r5" ;. . See al/30he n30e 03 0he 3n5. E5i0" 3: Pla03" a/ a937e.

GJ. Thi/ ;a//a6e 3++1r/ in 0he /i<0h E;i/0le 3: Pla03" (E5i0. 3n53n" G. ;. G.) an5 i/6i7en 98 E1/e9i1/" (Pre;. E7an6. i9. <i. +a;. <7i. E5i0. Vi6er. ;. J-.) al/3 98 C8ril 3:Ale<an5ria" a6ain/0 !1lian (E5i0. S;anh. ;. .)" 98 The353re0====:3r 0he m3/0 ;ar0====(#rae+. a::e+0. +1ra0i3. Serm. ii. E5i0. G. ;. . T3m. i7. E5i0. #ai/:3r5" ;. .) an5 98(Clemen/. Ale<an5. S0r3m. 7. ;;. -G" G, an5 Ori6en +3n0ra Cel/1m i9. 7i. ;. .

See i9. ;. -. K...L

GG. The ;a//a6e here imi0a0e5 i/ +i0e5 98 aer0i1/" Pla03. i9. in. Se6m. . K...L

G. - S8r. KS8ria+L The 3endidi/a eort%_ 3: 0he A0henian/" +alle5 al/3 3endi/deia"an5 3e/ndeia. In 0he e<i+3n 03 0he Timae1/ 3: Pla03" Bendi! i/ /ai5 03 9e 0he /ame4i0h Ar0emi/ (Diana)" a Thra+ian 43r5, an5" 0ha0 Ben5i5ia /i6ni:ie/ 0he :ea/0 3: Diana"4i0h 0he Thra+ian/. K#reekL The 0erm 3++1r/ in Pla032/ P3li0. (3n5. E5i0" ;, -G. T3m.7i.====S0e;h. ;. -J.) E1/e9i1/ ha5 in 7ie4" ;erha;/" 0he :3ll34in6 ;a//a6e 3: Ori6eria6ain/0 Cel/1/" (7ii. ;. .) 4hen he 4r30e 0hi/, 7i?. K#reekL But the) %ho %rote !u&hthin(! about the !u#re-e (ood (o do%n to the Piraeu! to #ra) to the ,odde!! Diana

and to !ee the &e'ebration o the ea!t o Bendi!. I a53;0 0he rea5in6 3: Hem/0erh1/i1/"4hi+h re+ei7e/ n3 /mall 5e6ree 3: a10h3ri08 :r3m 0hi/ ;la+e 3: E1/e9i1/. The ;la+e 3:Pla03" i/ ;r39a9l8 0ha0 3n 4hi+h 0he S+h3lia/0 ha/ 0h1/ remarke5, (3n53n E5i0. T3m. I'. ;. .) K#reekL. The all1/i3n here i/ 03 0he P3li0. i. ;. J-. 3n5. E5i0. I0 /0an5/ 0h1/,K#reekL. See 0he n30e/ here. On 4hi+h 0he S+h3lia/0 (T3m. i<. ;. G. /e.) 6i7e/ /3me:1r0her ;ar0i+1lar/ /0a0in6" 0ha0 0hi/ :ea/0 4a/ +3mm3n 930h 03 0he A0henian/ an5Thra+ian/" an5 4a/ +ele9ra0e5 a0 0he Pirae1/ 3n 0he 0h 5a8 3: 0he m3n0h Thar6eli3n.



K...L

G. In 0he Phae53 3: Pla03" . JJ. 3n5. E5i0. V3l. 7. ;. " /ee 0he n30e/. I0"a+0an0i1/" iii. " 5e :al/a /a;ien0ia. See al/3 S;en+er2/ n30e 3n Ori6en (+3n0ra Cel/.

i9. 7i. ;. . n30e/" ;. .)" 4here 4e are 03l5" 0ha0 0hi/ i/ 03 9e 0aken :i61ra0i7el8.

G. J S3 al/3 Ci+er3 (Na01ra De3r1m" i9. in. <. G.)... Ma>3ri91/ a10em n3/0ri/ e0iamn1lla re55i0a ra0i3ne" +re5ere. An5 a6ain" a/ +i0e5 98 a+0an0i1/, n3n e//e illa 71l635i/;10an5a" ne /1/+e;0a/ ;19li+e reli6i3ne/ 5i/;10a0i3 0ali/ e<0in61a0. i9. ii. +a;. ii.

. I0 i/ ;r39a9le" I 0hink" 0ha0 E1/e9i1/ ha5 a ;a//a6e" in a 43rk a/+ri9e5 03 !1/0inMar08r" here in 7ie4, 7i?. K#reekL. F3r Pla03 in5ee5" a/ +3min6 :r3m a937e" an5 ha7in6/een an5 learne5 a++1ra0el8 all 0hin6/ in 0he hea7en/" /a8/" 0ha0 0he m3/0 hi6h #35 e<i/0/in a :ier8 e//en+e. Paeren. a5 #rae+3/" ;. . E5i0. S0e;h.

. S8r. KS8ria+L. The "Idea! 3: Pla03 are ;erha;/ all15e5 03 here. See 0he Pre;. E7an6.i9. <i. +a;. <<iii. <7. <iii. <l7. i0. i9. <ii. <i<. ;. J-. B.

. Thi/ ar61men0 i/ al/3 031+he5 1;3n 98 C8rill 3: Ale<an5ria in hi/ 43rk a6ain/0!1lian. (E5i0. S;anh. ;. .) The S8ria+ here /;eak/ in 0he :ir/0 ;er/3n" a/ i/ 1/1al 4i0hOrien0al 4ri0er/, 0h1/" KS8ria+L. or not a! -) o#inion but a! their!9 i.e. Pla03 heremake/ 0he /0a0emen0" n30 a/ re/0in6 3n hi/ a10h3ri08" 910 3n 0heir/. See al/3 V3//i1/ 5eOri6. e0 ;r36" i53l3la0ri/e" i9. i. +a;. <li. ;. JL. an5 0he Pre;. E7an6. i9. <iii. +a;. i.

-. The353re0 (#rae+. a::e+0. +1ra0. Serin" 7. ;. J, #ai/:3r52/ E5i0. ;. . /e.) 6i7e/0he 3;ini3n 3: Pla03 7er8 m1+h a/ i0 i/ here /0a0e5" 910 he 53e/ n30 +i0e 0hi/ ;la+e. I ha7e

03 0hank Mr Pr3:e//3r S+h3le=:iel5 :3r ;3in0in6 i0 310 03 me, 30her4i/e I :ear 0he 43rkm1/0 ha7e 63ne 03 ;re// 4i0h310 i0. I0 4ill 9e :31n5 in 0he 3n53n E5i0. T3m. 7iii. ;. G.Bekk. ;. . e66. i<. a/ :3ll34/. K#reekL O1r 0ran/la03r 53e/ n30 /eem 03 ha7e rea5K#reekL in hi/ +3;8.

. - Thi/ a;;ear/ 03 9e 0he ;a//a6e +i0e5 :r3m 0he A;3l368 3: S3+ra0e/" in 0he Pre;.E7an6. i9. <iii. +a;. <. (E5i0. Vi6er. ;. GG. B.) 0h1/,====K#reekL

J. Thi/ i/ al/3 0aken :r3m 0he A;3l368 3: S3+ra0e/" an5 3++1r/" Pre;. E7an6. i9. D. a//;3ken 98 S3+ra0e/,

G. - !1/0in Mar08r (Param. a5 #rae+3/. ;. .) 0h1/ in0r351+e/ a ;ar0 3: 0hi/ ;a//a6e&...K#reekL...4hi+h" he /a8/" i/ +3;ie5" :r3m 0he Cher19im 3: S+ri;01re. Thi/ ;a//a6e"3++1rrin6 am3n6/0 0he m3/0 :an+i:1l an5 /ill8 ma00er 3: an8 in Pla03" an5 h3n31re5 ;r39a9l8 m3re :re1en0l8 98 +i0a0i3n 0han an8 30her" i/ 03 9e :31n5 in 0he Phae5r1/ (E5i0.3n5. G.) V3l. i. ;. " 4here i0 /0an5/ 0h1/, K#reekL See 0he n30e/ here. I0 ha/ 9een+i0e5 98 Clemen/ Ale<an5. C3h3r0. a5 #en0e/. e0 S0r3m. 7. J. S8l9. (T. ii. ;. .P300er) S039. Serm. 7. ;. G. 7. -. S;anheim. a5 !1lian. Ora0. i. ;. . an5 A0hena63ra/"



e6a0. ;r3 Chri/0" ;. G" *+.

. The /ame 033" an5 in nearl8 0he /ame 43r5/" i/ 6i7en 98 The353re0. (I9. ;;. J". /e. an5 J. /e.)

. M1+h in0ere/0in6 ma00er 03 0hi/ e::e+0 +i0e5 :r3m Pla03" 4ill he :31n5" Pre;. E7an6.i9. <iii. +a;. i. /e. See al/3 Vi63r2/ n30e/. The ;la+e all15e5 03 here" i/ in 0he Phae5r1/"3n5. E5i0. V3l. i. ;. . See 0he n30e/, +i0e5 al/3 98 Ori6en +3n0ra Cel/. i9. 7i. ;. .E5i0. S;en+er.

. - The/e 4ere 0he :3ll34er/ 3: Ari/030le. See /e+0. a937e" al/3 Br1+keri" Hi/0. Cri0.Phil. T3m. i. ;. " /e. S8r. KS8ria+L.

. Thi/ i/ 0aken :r3m 0he F31r0h B33k 3: 0he a4/ K...L

. All1/i3n i/" ;erha;/" here ma5e 03 a ;a//a6e in 0he Timae1/" (E5i0. 3n5. T3m. 7n. ;. . /e.)... K#reekL C3n0ra 7er3 a6en0e/ +36i in 3r01 /e+1n53" /e<1 m10a03" :ierim1lirem" e0 1i ne 01m 1i5em :inem ;e++an5i :a+ie0" 1a 0en1/ 5e;ra7a01r" ea0en1/ in 9r103r1m na01ram /1i/ m3ri91/ /imilem ;erm10ari. $hi+h i/ a :1ll re+36ni0i3n 3: 0he53+0rine 3: 0he Me0em;/8+h3/i/. See al/3 0he Pre;. E7an6. i9. <m. +a;. <7i. 4here 0he/ame 1e/0i3n i/ 5i/+1//e5.

. J Se+0. -" a937e.

-. G Pa//a6e/" i0. i9. <iii. +a;. <7iii. 03 0he /ame e::e+0 4ill 9e :31n5 in 0he Pre;. E7an6.i9. <i. +a;;. <<<i" <<<ii. /e. :r3m 0he Timae1/" *+. The S+ri;01re +i0e5 i/" R3m. i. "

J" 910 i/ ra0her a++3mm35a0e5 here" 0han e<a+0l8 130e5.

. C3n/i5era9le e<0ra+0/ 03 0hi/ e::e+0 are 6i7en :r3m 0he E;in3mi/" 0he Timae1/" an50he Ten0h 933k 3: 0he a4/ 3: Pla03" in 0he Pre;. E7an6. i9. 'III. +a;. <7iii.

J. In 0he 0en0h B33k 3: 0he a4/" n30 :ar :r3m 0he 9e6innin6" Pla03 /;eak/ 7er8 m1+ha/ 31r a10h3r 53e/& 4hile he /eem/ 5i/;3/e5 03 e<+1/e 0he 4an5erin6/ 3: an0i1i08 a/ 030he/e 0hin6/. T3 n3 3ne" ;erha;/" +an 0he 43r5/ 3: O7i5 9e m3re ;r3;erl8 a;;lie5 & Video -e'iora #robo6ue deteriora !e6uor."

G. Tha0 i/" +ame in03 9ein6 /1+h a/ 31r/ i/. See /e+0. --" a937e.

. Pr39a9l8 0he :3ll34er/ 3: 0he Ne4 A+a5em8. See Br1+ker. T3m. i. ;. J. /e.

. S8r. KS8ria+L. P)rrho 4h3 4a/ 0he 3ri6ina03r 3: 0hi/ /e+0. See Di36. aer0. in hi/li:e" Br1+keri Hi/0. Phil3/. Cri0. T3m. i. Par/. ii. i9. ii. +a;. <iii. ;. - , an5 T3m. ii.Per. ii. Par/. i. i9. i. +a;. ii. Se+0. i<. ;. G. S1i5a/ /19.73+e u&r0rwn" an5 ur0rw&neioi. See al/3 E1/e9. Pre;. E7an6. i9. <i7. +a;.



<7iii. /e.

. J S8r. KS8ria+L #r. e0po%& Thi/ i/ 0he 0erm :r3m 4hi+h0he 0!fetioi/" E#he&ti&! 033k 0heir name , i0 i/ 0h1/ 6i7en in 0he #reek 98 S1i5a/ ,

K#reekL Thi/ ;la+e in S1i5a/ i/" +i0e5 :r3m aer0i1/" i9. i<. /e6. " 4h3 6i7e/" e/gwde\" :3r 0he e/gw d%_ & 3: S1i5a/. (E5i0. $e0/0.) The 0erm (e0po%_ ) al/3 3++1r/Pre;. E7an6. i9. <i. +a;. i7. ;. J. A.

. Del;h3/" #r. oi )efoi/. In Ph3+i/" an5 /ai5 03 9e in 0he mi5/0 3: all #ree+e" an53: 0he ear0h a/ i0/ na7el" /0335 0hi/ +ele9ra0e5 +i08 an5 Ora+le" near 0he /;rin6/ 3:Ca/0alia.

. e9a5ia" #r. e*adi/a" an5 e*a&deia" 4a/ near Ph3+i/ in B3e30ia, i0 4a/:am31/ :3r 0he Tem;le 3: !1;i0er Tr3;h3ni1/" 4hi+h i0 +3n0aine5. S8r. KS8ria+L. T3 0he/ame e::e+0 Ori6en +3n0ra Cel/. i9. in. ;. -. /e.

. - C3l3;h3n" #r. % oofw&n. Fam31/ :3r 0he Clarian A;3ll3" 4h3 6a7e re/;3n/e/0here. S8r. KS8ria+L A +i08 3: I3nia.

-. Mile01/" #r. 'i/%toj" an an+ien0 an5 lar6e +i08 3: I3nia" 4here 0here 4a/ a Tem;le3: 0he Di58mean A;3ll3" 4hi+h 4a/ 91rn0 534n 98 'er<e/. I9. +a;. iii. S8r. KS8ria+L.S3me e<+ee5in6l8 in0ere/0in6 an5 7al1a9le ma00er 3n 0he/e" an5 30her Ora+le/ 3: #ree+e"a/ 4ell a/ 3: 30her ;la+e/" 4ill 9e :31n5 in 0he Pre;. E7an6. See 0he in5e<" 1n5er Ora+1la.Al/3 in The353re0" #rae+ar. a::e+0. +1ra0i3" Serm. <. T3m. i7. ;. G-. /e. The la00er i/ ;ar0i+1larl8 7al1a9le, a/ i/ al/3 Ori6en2/ a++31n0 3: 0hem" (+3n0ra Cel/. i9. 7ii. ;. ---./e.)

. J See Se+0. " a937e.

J. G I9. A03m/. See al/3 The3;hil1/ a5 A103l8+1m. i9. III. ;. mihi /e. 4here 4eha7e /3me a5mira9le remark/ 3n 0hi/ /19>e+0.

G. @ See Se+0. " a937e, N30e.

. K...L There i/ an30her ;a//a6e in Pl10ar+h" 4hi+h /;eak/ 3: n31ri/hin6 0he hair a/+3mmen5a9le, (i:e 3: 8/an5er" /0. ;ar.) /;eakin6 3: 0he ima6e 3: 8/an5er a/"K#reekL %e'' adornin( the hair ater the an&ient -anner and !endin( do%n a nob'e

beard. I0 i/ a55e5" a/ a /a8in6 3: 8+1r61/" that hair -ade the (ood !ti'' -ore be&o-in($the vi&iou! -ore ri(htu'. K#reekL. The353re0 (Serm. i. 5e Pr37i5en0ia" ;. -. T3m. i7.)/;eak/ 0h1/ 3: 0he beard an5 hair 3: 0he Phil3/3;her/" 036e0her 4i0h 0he 4hi0e r39e"(tri*w_n.) K#reekL Hen+e 4e /ee 033" 0ha0 0he tri*w_n 4a/ 4hi0e. I0 4a/ ;r39a9l8433llen" an5 0he /ame a/ 0ha0 43rn 98 0he Sooee Phil3/3;her/ 3: 0he Ea/0& an5 /3 +alle5 9e+a1/e ma5e 3: 433l (KAra9i+L !oo .) I0 /h31l5 /eem :r3m a ;a//a6e in Di36. aer0. 0ha0i0 4a/ 0he m3ral Phil3/3;her/ 3nl8" 4h3 43re 0heir hair l3n6 an5 :l34in6. In 7i0a



Carnea5...K#reekL

. - Here a6ain 4e ha7e 0he #reek 0e<0" a/ ;re/er7e5 in 0he Ora0" 5e la155. C3n/0an0"+a;. <iii. ;. J--. C.

. Thi/ +la1/e i/ 4an0in6 in 0he #reek.

. See al/3 Clemen/ Ale<an5. A5m3n. a5 #en0e/. ;. . /e. E5i0. G. Thi/ar61men0 i/ 1r6e5" Pre;. E7an6. i9. i. +a;. i7. ;. . an5 0he #r. 0e<0 :31n5 a/ +i0e5 a937e.

. - Thi/ a;;ear/ 03 9e 0aken :r3m Phil3 B89li1/ (San+h3nia0h3n") a/ ;re/er7e5 in 0hePre;. E7an6. +a;. <. ;. . an5 i9. i7. +a;. <7i. ;. JG" in 0he/e 43r5/, K#reekL. $e are0hen 03l5" 0ha0 I!rae' 4h3 rei6ne5 in Ph3eni+ia" an5 4a/ 0here 3nl8 an30her name:3r Saturn ha5 /3 /a+ri:i+e5 hi/ !on 0eud ( 04eou&d )& 4hi+h in 0he Ph3eni+ianlan61a6e mean0 "on') !on" ( #ongenou&j ). Thi/ i/ a;;aren0l8 03l5 a/ 9ein6 0he

3ri6in 3: 0heir +1/03m. $e ma8 39/er7e h34e7er" 0ha0 0he name I!rae' i/ e7i5en0l8 0aken:r3m 0he He9re4 Bi9le" a/ i/ 0he name 0eud (!15ah)& :3r I/rael +er0ainl8 ha5 /1+h /3n.There i/ a 9l1n5er h34e7er" in 0he a;;li+a0i3n& :3r" i0 4a/ Abraha- 4h3 lai5 hi/ /3n 3n0he al0ar :3r /a+ri:i+e& an5 0ha0 /3n2/ name 4a/ I!aa& n30 0eud. There i/" m3re37er"an30her 9l1n5er here" :3r !ahi5 (KHe9re4L S8r. KS8ria+L) m1/0 ha7e /i6ni:ie5 3nl8 3ne&3r #onogen%_j in 0he Ph3eni+ian.

. Thi/ i/ :31n5 in 0he #r. a/ a937e +i0e5" 910 5e:e+0i7el8" an5 ha/ 9een 0aken :r3mP3r;h8r8" Pre;. E7an6. ;. JJ. B. K#reekL Par0 3: 0hi/ i/ al/3 :31n5 in C8rill. Ale<an5r.a6ain/0 !1lian" ;. . /e. E5i0. S;anh. K...L

-. J S8r. KS8ria+L" imi0a0in6 0he :3rm 3: 0he #reek +a/e in I0 i/ 43r0h remarkin6 here"0ha0 P3r;h8r8"====:r3m 4h3m 0hi/ ;a//a6e i/ 0aken (Pre;. E7an6. i9. i7. +a;. <7i. ;;.JJ" .)====/a8/" 0hi/ ;la+e 4a/ :3rmerl8 name5 5oronea Korw&neia9 4hi+ha;;ear/ 03 me" 6enerall8 03 ha7e e/+a;e5 0he #e36ra;her/. Thi/ 4a/ 0he Salami/ 3:C8;r1/" a/ 0he +3n0e<0 /he4/.

. G O1r Mar+h.

J. The Se'eu&u! %ho !#oke o ,od9 a ;eri;hra/i/ :3r 0he #reek qeoo&goj. He 4a/"a/ Vi6er 0hink/" (n30e/ i9.) a #rammarian 3: Ale<an5ria" 4h3 4r30e +3mmen0arie/ 3nm3/0 3: 0he P3e0/" *+. an5 a h1n5re5 933k/ 3n 0he #35/& an5" 0ha0 3n 0hi/ la/0 a++31n0 he

4a/ 0erme5 0he Theo'o(ian. See al/3 S1i5a/ /19 73+e. Thi/ ;la+e i/ al/3 +i0e5 98 C8rill.3: Ale<an5ria" E5i0. S;anh. ;. " 4i0h +3n/i5era9le 7arie0ie/ 3: rea5in6 :r3m 0ha0 3:E1/e9i1/. K..L

G. Thi/ i/ an e<a+0 0ran/la0i3n 3: 0he ;a//a6e ;re/er7e5 in E1/e9i1/ (Pre;. E7an6. i9.)"/3 m1+h /3" 0ha0 0he 7er8 3r5er" elli;/e/" *+. 3: 0he #reek are :3ll34e5. K...L ====Thi/Am3/i/ 4a/" a++3r5in6 03 /3me" 0he Phara3h 3: 0he E<351/" Pre;. E7an6. i9. <. +a;. <.



;;. " -" *+.

. Thi/ 033 i/ :31n5 in P3r;h8r8" 0he Pre;. E7an6. i9. an5 Vi6er2/ n30e/" i9. ;. . i0.Ora0. 5e la155. C3n/0an0" i9.

. - A 5i/+i;le an5 in0er;re0er 3: Callima+h1/" an5 an a10h3r 3: man8 43rk/ 930h in7er/e an5 ;r3/e. See Vi63r2/ n30e (;. .).

. S8r. KS8ria+L See a 7er8 +1ri31/ n30e 3n 0he/e m8/0erie/. Ori6en +3n0ra Cel/. ;. .line . S;en+er2/ n30e/" ;. .

. I0 i/ n30 7er8 +er0ain 4h3 0hi/ 4a/, /3me a00ri910e 0hi/ 03 #el3" a ;rin+e 3:S8ra+1/e. See Vi6er2/ n30e/" i9. ;. .

. S8r. KS8ria+L. #r. )ou#a&tioi. See Vi63r2/ n30e/. Perha;/ 0he Ara9ian Dou-at

l !an5al" Ara9. KAra9i+L. The la00er 43r5 i/" ;r39a9l8 a m35ern a5>1n+0" 6i7en 98 4a8 3:5i/0in+0i3n. Thi/ ;la+e (See P3+3+k. S;e+. Hi/0. Ara9. ;. J. E5. $hi0e) 4a/ :am31/ :3r0he 43r/hi; 3: an i53l name5 /add (KAra9i+L)" 31r /oden 3r 0he In5ian Bhuddha. The/a+ri:i+e 3: 0he Bo) 4a/ an imi0a0i3n" n3 53190" 3: 0ha0 3: I/aa+" a/ 4ere e7i5en0l8 0heh1man /a+ri:i+e/ 3: Ph3eni+ia" n30i+e5 a937e. Ora0. 5e la155. C3n/0an0" ;. J-. A. 9105e:e+0i7el8.

. K...L. A++3r5in6 03 0ra5i0i3n" Ere+0he1/ ha5 043 /3n/ an5 043 5a16h0er/" all 3:4h3m 4ere /a+ri:i+e5 :3r 0he 6335 3: 0he S0a0e. De la155. i9." 910 in /3me re/;e+0/5i::eren0l8.

-. - K...L I0 4a/ a +i08 3: Ar+a5ia" :3rme5 310 3: man8 in+3n/i5era9le nei6h931rin6 ;la+e/" /33n a:0er 0he 9a00le 3: e1+0ra" 1n5er 0he a1/;i+e/ 3: E;amin3n5a/. See Cellari1/#e36. An0i. /19 73+e.====Ora0. 5e la155. i9." 3mi0/ m1+h here.

. K...L The :ea/0 3: !1;i0er m1/0 0here:3re" I 0hink" 9e mean0" an5 n30 0he l1;er+alia 3: R3me" 4hi+h 0he 0ran/la0i3n/ 6i7en 3: 0he #reek /eem 03 in0ima0e.

J. G The +i0a0i3n :r3m P3r;h8r8 en5/ here. The 43r5/ imme5ia0el8 :3ll34in6 are 0h3/e3: E1/e9i1/.

G. K...L Thi/ ;a//a6e i/ al/3 6i7en in 0he Pre;. E7an6. 910 m1+h m3re a0 len60h" (;;.

J====G.) an5 i/ 0aken :r3m 0he Bi9li30he+a 3: Di353r1/ Si+1l1/ (i9. <<. +a;. <i7.).

. S8r. KS8ria+L meanin6 Car0ha6inian/.

. K...L a+0an0i1/ (De :al/a reli6i3ne i9. i. +a;. <<i.) re:er/ 03 0hi/ in 0he/e 43r5/,Pe/+enni1/ Fe/01/ in i9ri/ hi/03riar1m ;er /a0iram re:er0" Car0ha6inien/e/ Sa01rn3h1mana/ h3/0ia/ /3li03/ imm3lare" e0 +1m 7i+0i e//en0 a9 A6a0h3+le re6e Si+1l3r1m,ira01m /i9i 5e1m ;10a7i//e& i0a1e" 10 5ili6en0i1/ ;ia+1l1m /3l7eren0" 51+en03/ n39ili1m



:ili3/ imm3la//e. He 6i7e/ /3me 30her in/0an+e/ 033" 4hi+h ma8 9e a55e5 03 0he a937e,7i?. A;15 C8;ri3/ (See Se+0. JJ" a937e) h1manam h3/0iam !37i Te1+r1/ imm3la7i0,i51e /a+ri:i+i1m ;3/0eri/ 0ra5i5i0, 135 e/0 n1;er Ha5rian3 im;eran0e /19la01m. I9.+a;. <<.====Era0 le< a;15 Ta1r3/...10 Dianae h3/;i0e/ imm3laren01r, e0 i5 /a+ri:i+i1m

m1l0i/ 0em;3ri91/ +ele9ra01m e/0. (See Se+0. J-"G" a937e). I9.====Ne a0ini 1i5emh1>1/ immani0a0i/ e<;er0e/ :1er1n0" /i1i5em a0iali/ !1;;i0er e0iam n1n+ /an61ine+3li01r h1man3.==== N3n min3ri/ in/ania& >15i+an5a /1n0 ;19li+a illa /a+ra" 13r1m alia/1n0 ma0ri/ 5e1m" in 1i91/ h3mine/ /1i/ i;/i 7irili91/ li0an0 &...alia Vir010i/" 1amean5em Bell3nam 73+an0" in 1i91/ i;/i /a+er530e/" n3n alien3" /e5 /13 +r13re/a+ri:i+an0" *+. 4hi+h i/ ;r39a9l8 0he +a/e n30i+e5 a937e (N30e J.) 98 E1/e9i1/" an5 i/i5en0i+al 4i0h 0ha0 3: 0he ;rie/0/ 3: Baal" men0i3ne5 in %in6/ <7iii. . T3 0hi/ h3rri5li/0 3: 7i+e/" The3;hil1/ a5 A103l8+1m" (i9. m. ;. -. /e.) a55/ /e7eral 30her/ 0335i/61/0in6 03 9e men0i3ne5" an5 8e0 man8 3: 0hem re+3mmen5e5 98 /3me 3: 0he m3/0:am31/ Phil3/3;her/ See al/3 Clemen/ Ale<an5. A5m3n. a5 6en0e/. ;. . /e. 4hi+h i/+i0e5 here in 0he Pre;. E7an6. ;. J. Similar ;ra+0i+e/ ;re7aile5 am3n6 0he Dr1i5/ 3:

#a1l an5 #rea0 Bri0ain a/ Cae/ar in0ima0e/" a/ al/3 am3n6 0he N3ma5e/ 3: Tar0ar8.

. The a++31n0 3: 0hi/ i/ +i0e5 a0 len60h in 0he Pre;. E7an6. i9. i7. +a;. <7i. ;. J./e. a/ 0aken :r3m i9. i. 3: 0he 43rk 3: Halli+arna//en/i/, i0 3++1r/ al/3 Ora0. 5e la155.C3n/0an0" ;. J-. B. 4i0h +er0ain 7aria0i3n/. Thi/ +ir+1m/0an+e i/ /ai5 03 ha7e ha;;ene503 0he Pela/6i in I0al8" an5 03 ha7e 9een 0he +a1/e 3: 0heir mi6ra0in6 in03 5i/0an0 +31n0rie/.$e are 03l5" i9. ;. J. B. 0ha0 M8r/il1/ 0he e/9ian rela0e/ m1+h 0he /ame 0hin6/ a/ha7in6 ha;;ene5 03 0he T8rrhenian/. The a10h3r 0ell/ 1/ m3re37er" 0ha0 0he/e 3::erin6/4ere ma5e 03 !1;i0er" A;3ll3" an5 0he Ca9iri, K#reekL an5" 0ha0 0hi/ 5e+ima0i3n 3: men(831n6 men" i0 /h31l5 /eem) 4a/ +alle5 :3r 98 0he Ora+le" an5 en:3r+e5 98 0hema6i/0ra0e/" ====n304i0h/0an5in6 0he mi6ra0i3n/ 4hi+h hen+e 033k ;la+e"====1n0il Her+1le/

;10 an en5 03 i0" 98 +3mman5in6 0ha0 ima6e/ 3: men" 5re//e5 1; a/ :3r 0he /a+ri:i+e"/h31l5 9e ann1all8 0hr34n in03 0he Ti91r. (E5i0. S0e;h. J. ;. G.) I0 /h31l5 /eem" :r3ma++31n0/ n34 9e:3re 0he ;19li+" 0ha0 h1man /a+ri:i+e/ /0ill ;re7ail in 0he Ea/0 03 /3mee<0en0. In 0he 5i/0ri+0 3: #an>am in Hin51/0an" a 0ri9e 3: na0i7e/ +alle5 hoond! ann1all8/a+ri:i+e a h1man 7i+0im" in 3r5er 03 /e+1re 6335 +r3;/. The Chie:0ain/" i0 i/ /ai5" 3: 0he5i::eren0 5i/0ri+0/" 0ake i0 98 01rn/ 03 3::er 0hi/ /a+ri:i+e ann1all8, a0 30her 0ime/" 0he3::erin6 i/ ma5e 03 a7er0" 3r rem37e" /3me e7il. The/e Chie:0ain/ 0hen" ha7e a +hil5"/3me0ime/ +hil5ren" ;1r+ha/e5" 3r 0aken" in 0heir mara15in6 e<;e5i0i3n/ in 0he l34+31n0r8" 03 9rin6 1; :3r 0hi/ e<;re// ;1r;3/e, 0he m3re :1ll 6r34n an5 ;er:e+0" 0he 9e00er.Thi/ 7i+0im i/ ;10 03 5ea0h 98 0he 9l34 3: an a<e, 0he 9l335 i/ /;rinkle5 3n 0he I53l"4hi+h i/ 0he ima6e 3: a Pea+3+k"====+ar7e5 in 4335"====4i0h 0hree hea5/. The 9358 i/

0hen 5i7i5e5 in03 a/ man8 ;ar0/ a/ 0here are 5i/0ri+0/" an5 a6ain in03 a/ man8 /mall ;ie+e/a/ 0here are :amilie/" 4h3 91r8 ea+h hi/ ;3r0i3n +i0her in hi/ h31/e" 3r a9310 hi/ :iel5/. I0i/ /0a0e5 in a Pa;er in 0he !31rnal 3: 0he A/ia0i+ S3+ie08" N3. <iii. ;. -G" 0ha0 0hi/h3rri5 +1/03m ...i/ in a :air 4a8 3: 9ein6 en0irel8 r330e5 310 98 0he 7i63r31/ mea/1re/ 3:3r5 El;hin/03ne. The 4ri0er 3: 0he /ame ;a;er" 0ell/ 1/ 3: m31n5/ in S310hern In5ia"4hi+h he 0hink/ are +3m;3/e5 3: 0he a/he/ 3: /a+ri:i+ial 7i+0im/. Hi/ 43r5/ are (i9. ;."-J.)====I m1/0 a5mi0" 0h316h rel1+0an0l8" 0he ;3//i9ili08 3: /3me 3: 0hem 9ein6 0heremain/ 3: 6rea0 /a+ri:i+al h3l3+a1/0/ ;er:3rme5 98 0he Ri/hi/ 3: 3l5 in 0heir /3li015e/"



/in+e 0he an+ien0 annal/ 3: 0he +31n0r8 a931n5 in all1/i3n/ 930h 03 9e/0ial an5 h1man/a+ri:i+e/... 3n a :ear:1l /+ale 3: ma6ni015e. He all15e/ (i9.) 03 0he Dr1i5i+al /a+ri:i+e/ma5e :3rmerl8 in 31r 34n lan5.

. A/ in5ee5 0he mara15in6 0ri9e/ 3: T1r+3man/" Tar0ar/" Be531in/" an5 30her/ in 0heEa/0 /0ill 53.====Ora0. 5e la155. C3n/0an0" i9. D. 910 4i0h +er0ain 5i/+re;an+ie/.

. Thi/ i/ /ai5 al/3 in 0he Pre;ara0i3 E7an6eli+a" (i9. i. +a;. i7. ;. . D.) an5 i/ 0herea57an+e5 4i0h re:eren+e 03 0he R3man Em;ire 9ein6 +3n/3li5a0e5 1n5er A161/01/" an50hen+e en>38in6====1n5er 3ne +3m;rehen/i7e 637ernmen0====a ;ea+e" 1nkn34n 03 i0 9e:3re. S3 al/3 here" B33k in. Se+0. . /e. an5 B33k 7. Se+0. J.

. - The %in6/ en1mera0e5 in !3/h1a <ii. . are in 0he He9. Bi9le thirt)*one in 0heSe;0. #reek 04en08=nine" in n1m9er. O1r a10h3r 0h316h0 i0 /1::i+ien0" ;erha;/" 03 6i7e 0her31n5 n1m9er 0hir08.

-. S8r. KS8ria+LCellar. #e36r. An0i. T3m. ii. i9. iii. +a;. <iii. ;. -G. The Be0h/han3: 0he Ol5 Te/0amen0. !15. i. " *+. /i01a0e5 n30 :ar :r3m 0he ake 3: #enne/are0.

. J K...L. S3 name5 98 Her35 in h3n31r 3: A161/01/. See Cellari1/. #e36. An0i. ;.mihi . 4i0h 0he a10h3ri0ie/ 0here +i0e5.

J. J Thi/ ;ara6ra;h 4a/ ;r39a9l8 in 0he min5 3: The353re0" 4hen he 4r30e 0he ;a//a6e" (Serm. <. 5e Ora+1li/" ;. G--. T3m. i7.) +3mmen+in6 a0 line :r3m 0he 93003m.O1r a10h3r here re:er/ 03 0he 4ar/ 3: 0he Canaani0e/ 4i0h 3ne an30her" an5 4i0h 0he !e4/"a/ rela0e5 6enerall8 98 !3/e;h1/.====Thi/ ;la+e i/ n30 4i0h310 i0/ 39/+1ri08.

G. @ See Pre;. E7an6. i9. 7. +a;. i. ;. . D. S8r. KS8ria+L. li0. Head! o #'a&e!.

. Thi/ /eem/ 03 a//i6n 0he 3ri6in 3: I53la0r8 03 E68;0, 0he ;lain/ 3: Shinar (#en. <i.. /e. +3m;. Re7. <7ii. J.) /eem 03 me 03 la8 a 9e00er +laim 03 0hi/. E68;0 ma8" in5ee5"ha7e a53rne5 i0 m1+h 4i0h i0/ /+ien+e , h10 /3 5i5 Ba98l3n. (See I/. <l7ii. " -. i0. i9.<i7. ====. 4i0h 0he C3mmen0a03r/ 3n 0he/e ;la+e/.) #ree+e ;erha;/ 630 m1+h 3: i0/I53la0r8 :r3m E68;0" 4hile 0he Ea/0 4a/ m3re ;ar0i+1larl8 /1;;lie5 4i0h 0hi/ :r3mBah8l3n. See al/3 V3//i1/ 5e I53l3la0ria" ;a//im.

. The ;la+e/ 3: Th1+85i5e/ here re:erre5 03" 4ill 9e rea5il8 :31n5 98 +3n/1l0in6 0he

In5e<e/ 3: 0he 9e/0 E5i0i3n/ 3: 0ha0 4ri0er.

. Thi/ i/ 0aken :r3m Her35301/" i9. i. +. <l7ii. 4h3 6i7e/ i0 0h1/ , K#reekL. T34hi+h 0hree 30her line/ are a55e5. See 0he n30e/ in 0he 9e/0 e5i0i3n/ here. The ;a//a6e i/all15e5 03" an5 +3mmen0e5 1;3n" 98 Oen3ma1/ in 0he Pre;. E7an6. i9. 7. +a;. <<. ;.. /e. I0 i/ +i0e5 i9. ;. -. B. 4i0h a :e4 7aria0i3n/" (/ee Vi63r2/ n30e/ in ea+h ;la+e")a/ i0 al/3 i/ in Ori6en +3n0ra Cel/. i9. ii. ;. G-.



-. The ;ar0i+1lar/ here re:erre5 03" 4ill 9e :31n5 in Her35301/" . +. e0 /e. On 0he/eOra+le/" 6enerall8" /ee 0he In5e< 03 0he Pre;. E7an6. (/19 73+e 8ra&u'a" Vi6er2/ E5i0.)The353re0" Serm. i<. #rae+. a::e+0. +1ra0i3" *+.

-. - Her3530. i9. i. li<. l<i7. S8r. KS8ria+L

-. S8r. KS8ria+L. The 8r&ho-enian!. B10 I +an :in5 n3 a++31n0 3: 0hi/ in 0he hi/03rie/.An ar61men0 n30 1nlike 0hi/ i/ 1r6e5 a0 len60h 98 Ci+er3 (5e Na0. De3r. in. - = --. /e.)"4here Pi/i/0ra01/ i/ al/3 a551+e5 a/ an in/0an+e ei0her 3: 4eakne// 3r 4i+ke5ne// in 0he#35/.

--. Ma00. <ii. --. The rea5in6 here" a/ el/e4here" 5i::er/ /li6h0l8 :r3m 0he Pe/+hi03.

-. On 0hi/ /19>e+0" 6enerall8" /ee 0he Pre;. E7an6. i9. 7i. Pr33em. ;. -G. /e. an5+a;. 7ii. The353re0" #rae+. a::e+0. +1ra0. Serm. 7i. ;. JG. Clemen/ Ale<an5. S0r3m. i9.

i7. ;. J. C. a+0an0. i9. in. +a;. <<i<. O1r a10h3r a6ain/0 Hier3+le/" ;. J. E5i0. G.Pl10ar+h" i9ell1/ 5e F3r01na" an5 E;hrem S8r1/" T3m. ii. S8r. e0 a0. ;. J. /e. 4here31r :3rm KS8ria+L" i/ a;;lie5 a6ain an5 a6ain.

-J. A++3r5in6 03 Pl10ar+h"====4h3 li7e5 in 0he 0ime/ 3: Tra>an" an5 4r30e a 7er87al1a9le 43rk 3n 0he :ailin6 3: 0he Ora+le/ (De 5e:e+01 Ora+1l3r1m)"====e<+e;0in6e9a5ia in B3e30ia al3ne" 0he Ora+le/ ha5 e7er8 4here 9e+3me /ilen0" an5 0heir :ane/r1ine5. Hi/ 43r5/ are, (Pre;. E7an6. i9. i7. +a;. <7i. ;. J.)... K#reekL Thi/ i/ :3ll34e5(i9.) 98 an a++31n0 :r3m 0he /ame a10h3r" 3: 0he 6eneral 5e+a8 3: 5em3nia+al in:l1en+e"4hi+h" a++3r5in6 03 him" +3mmen+e5 in 0he 0ime/ 3: Ti9eri1/ Cae/ar,====0he 7er80ime"====a/ E1/e9i1/ ;r3+ee5/ 03 remark====4hen 31r 3r5 +a/0 0hem 310" an5 5e+lare5

0ha0 he /a4 Sa0an :all :r3m hea7en like li6h0nin6. He 0ell/ 1/ 033" (i9. ;. G. D.) 0ha0h1man /a+ri:i+e/" 4hi+h ha5 e7er8 4here ;re7aile5" en0irel8 +ea/e5 in 0he 0ime/ 3:Ha5rian====4hen 0he Chri/0ian reli6i3n ha5 9e+3me 6enerall8 kn34n====a/ n30i+e5 a937e.

-G. S8r. KS8ria+L. Thi/ i/" n3 53190" 0he Arri5ae1/" -r0ridai~oj 3: Di353r1/ Si+1l1/, 4h3" a/ he /a8/" 4a/ 0he /3n 3: Phili;" n34 re+ei7e5 0he name 3: Phili;" an5 4a/ ma5ekin6. Hi/ 43r5/ are,... K#reekL. (Bi9l. T3m. 7iii. ii.) The a10h3r/" 0here:3re" 3: 0heUni7er/al Hi/03r8 are 4r3n6 4hen 0he8 /a8" 0ha0 0hi/ man 4a/ 0he S3n 3: R3<ana" an5name5 Ale<an5er.

-. - E1/e9i1/ 53e/" ne7er0hele//" 6i7e a ;a//a6e :r3m P3r;h8r8" (Pre;. E7an6. i9. i7.

+a;. <7i. ;. .& /ee al/3 ;. -.) in 4hi+h A;3ll3 i/ ma5e 03 /;eak 3: 0heir :ailin6. The+3n0e<0" h34e7er" in 0hi/ +a/e i/ /1::i+ien0 03 /he4" 0ha0 0hi/ re7ela0i3n 4a/ n30 ;10 :3r0h1n0il 0he 0hin6 :3re03l5 ha5 +3me 03 ;a//. Thi/ i/ :3ll34e5 (i9.) 98 a 130a0i3n" n30i+e5a937e (;ar. C.)" :r3m Pl10ar+h" 3n 0he 6eneral :ailin6 3: 0he Ora+le/. See Vi;er2/ n30e/3n 930h.

-. Ye0 i0 i/ +er0ain 0ha0 7er8 man8 in0ima0i3n/ 3: 0he +3min6 3: 0he !1/0 One ha5630 a9r3a5 am3n6 0he hea0hen& an5" 3: 0hi/" 0he Pre;ara0i3 E7an6eli+a 3: E1/e9i1/



;re/en0/ man8 /0rikin6 e<am;le/. i99. i<. <. *+. /ee al/3 0he Ora0i3 C3n/0an0ini a5San+03r. +ae0. +a;. <7iii. /e. The/e h34e7er" 5i5 n30 3ri6ina0e 4i0h 0he Ora+le/. ==== All0hi/ 4a/ in5ee5" :3re03l5 98 I/aiah (+ha;. <7ii. . *+.) a++3r5in6 03 The353re0. E5i0.#ai/:3r5" ;. -J" an5 :1l:ille5 in 0he 0ime/ 3: C3n/0an0ine. See i9. ;. . /e. 4here he

m3re 0han in0ima0e/ 0ha0 A ha5 9een :1l:ille5" >1/0 a/ 31r a10h3r ha/ 53ne in man8 ;la+e/.

-. De la155. C3n/0an0" i9. ;. J. D. /e.

. - Thi/ i/" ;erha;/" an all1/i3n 03 !er. <<<i. " 4here 0he S8ria+ Pe/+hi03 0e<0 ha/"The 3r5 +rea0e0h a ne% thin( in the earth" KS8ria+L

. All15in6" ;erha;/" 03 C3r. i7. G., 3r" i0 ma8 9e" 03 0he 0erm /i!do- o ,od C3r.i. ." /3 :re1en0l8 6i7en 03 Chri/0 in 0hi/ 43rk.

. J Ci+er3 a551+e/ 0he 08ran0 3: Si+il8" 4hen he ha5 r399e5 0he :ane 3: Pr3/er;ine a03+ri/" an5 4a/ /ailin6 h3me4ar5 4i0h a ;r3/;er31/ 6ale" /a8in6 0he/e 43r5/,Vi5e0i/ne" ami+i" 1am 93na a Dii/ imm3r0ali91/ na7i6a0i3 /a+rile6i/ 5a01r A /imilar0hin6 i/ /ai5 3: #el3" an5 0he Ol8m;ian !1;i0er (i9. Na0. De3r. iii. -.)" an5 al/3 3:Ae/+1la;i1/" *+. a+0an0i1/ 033" ==== a +3n0em;3rar8 3: 31r a10h3r" ==== make/ /3me ;i0h8 remark/ 3n 0hi/ /19>e+0. i9. ii. +a;. i7. ;. mihi . /e. a/ al/3 53e/ Clemen/Ale<an5. A5m3n. a5 #en0e/. ;. -. ==== I: i0 9e /ai5 0ha0" nei0her 53e/ re7eale5 reli6i3n ;10 :3r0h 7in5i+0i7e ;34er/" 3n 3++a/i3n/ 3: in/1l0 3::ere5 98 1n9elie7er/" 0he an/4er i/0hi/ , Re7eale5 reli6i3n 5i5 ;10 :3r0h mira+1l31/ ;34er/ 7in5i+a0in6 i0/ 34n a10h3ri08"4hen i0 4a/ ne+e//ar8 i0 /h31l5 53 /3. T3 53 /3 3n e7er8 3++a/i3n" 431l5 an/4er n36335 en5. Unre7eale5 reli6i3n ne7er ha/" an5 ne7er +31l5" 4hen i0 4an0e5 i0 m3/0" 53

0hi/. Thi/ i/ 0he 0r1e 5i/0in+0i3n , an5 i0 i/ an a5e1a0e 3ne.

-. M3/0 3: 0he /0a0emen0/ ma5e here" 4ill al/3 9e :31n5 in 0he Pre;. E7an6. i9. i.+a;. i7. ;;. " " J ==== " *+. See al/3 Ora0. 5e la155. C3n/0an0" ;. J-.J. A. B.4hi+h 4ill ena9le 1/ 03 a/+er0ain 0he in0en0i3n 3: 31r a10h3r here" 4here he i/3++a/i3nall8 39/+1re. Thi/ :ir/0 i/ +i0e5 :r3m Di353r1/ Si+1l1/ (Pre;. E7an6. ;. . D.) in0he/e 43r5/ , . . K#reekL

. I9. ;. . i0. J. C. 4here 4e are 03l5" 0ha0 0he Per/ian la4/ all34e5

all34e5 marria6e 4i0h /i/0er/" 5a16h0er/" an5 m30her/" 3n 0he a10h3ri08 3: Bar5e/ane/.

See ;. . i9.

J. A/ >1/0 +i0e5 :r3m Bar5e/ane/. An5" in hi/ 5a8/" man8 3: 0he/e 0hin6/ 4ere ;ra+0i/e5 in Me5ia" E68;0" Phr86ia" an5 #ala0ia" a/ +arrie5 0hi0her 98 0he Ma6i.

G. See Vi6er2/ n30e (i9. ;. J. para_ e/rsaj) Bar5e/ane/ 033" (i9. ;. G. D.)+har6e/ 0he Phil3/3;her/ 3: #ree+e 4i0h 0hi/ 5e0e/0a9le +rime)... K#reekL (I9. ;. .)Thi/ i/ /ai5 03 ha7e 9een ;ra+0i/e5 1n5er 0he /an+0i3n 3: 0he la4/ in #a1l. Tha0 S3+ra0e/"



0he m3/0 7ir0131/ 3: all 0he Phil3/3;her/" 4a/ a55i+0e5 03 0hi/ ;ra+0i+e" man8 an+ien0a10h3r/ 3: re/;e+0a9ili08 ma8 9e a551+e5 03 /he4, an5 The353re0 4i0h 30her/ a//er0/" 0ha0i0 4a/ re+3mmen5e5 98 Pla03 in hi/ Re;19li+. See The35. #rae+. a::e+0. +1ra0. Serm. i<. ;. mihi G. I). T3m. i7. Vi6er i/ +er0ainl8 mi/0aken 4hen he ima6ine/ 0ha0

0he ?era!da! 3: The353re0" mean/ Pla03 & i0 9ein6 /el: e7i5en0" a/ I 0hink" 0ha0 0hePer/ian ?erdu!ht (KAra9i+L) 3r #r. ?oroa!ter m1/0 ha7e 9een in0en5e5. N30e/ 03 0hePre;. E7an6. ;. J. /e. 4here i0 ma8 9e /een" 0ha0 A103l8+1/ a++1/e/ 930h 0heE;i+1rean/ an5 0he S03i+/ 3: 0he /ame +rime. Cae/ari1/ im;10e/ 0he /ame 03 0heChal5aean/ an5 Ba98l3nian/" (i9.) See al/3 0he Pre;. E7an6. (;. .) an5 The353re0" #r.a::e+0. +1ra0. E5. #ai/:3r5" ;. . /e. I0 ma8 9e 53190e5 ;erha;/" 4he0her /3me 3: 0he/e+har6e/ +an 9e /19/0an0ia0e5. See 1?a+ii 5e The353re03 >15i+i1m" ;re:i<e5 03 Dr#ai/:3r52/ 43rk. ==== The/e a93mina0i3n/ are a6ain 031+he5 1;3n" Dem3n/0r. E7an6. i9.i7. +a;. <. ;. -G" an5 Ori6en +3n0ra Cel/. i9. 7. ;. . /e.

. - The/e ;ar0i+1lar/ /eem 03 9e re/1me5 m3re /;e+i:i+all8 near 0he en5 3: 0hi/

/e+0i3n. O1r 0e<0 ha/ KS8ria+L here" :3r KS8ria+L I ;re/1me. I ha7e" 0here:3re" 0ran/la0e5 i0 98 in !e#u'&hre! 9 all15in6" ;erha;/" 03 0he /a+ri:i+in6" an5 30her4i/e 5e/0r38in6" 3:+hil5ren.

. S3" in 0he Pre;. E7an6. (;. . C.).. K#reekL (See al/3 Pl10ar+h" T3m. ii. ;. .) S3al/3 Bar5e/ane/" 4h3 a00ri910e/ 0hi/ 03 0he Me5e/" *+. (i9. ;. .) K#reekL The353re0/a8/

3n 0he /ame /19>e+0,...K#reekL (;. GJ. /ee al/3 ;. G.) See al/3 Ci+er3. T1/+. 1ae/0.i9. i. +a;. <l7.

. J S3 Bar5e/ane/. (Pre;. E7an6. ;. J. B.) K#reekL See al/3 Vi6er2/ N30e" (;. J.)4here m1+h in0ere/0in6 ma00er" 03 0hi/ e::e+0" i/ +3lle+0e5 036e0her" i0. Ora0. 5e la155.C3n/0an0" ;. J-J. B.

J. G Thi/ i/ a;;lie5 03 0he S+80hian/" 6enerall8" in 0he Pre;. E7an6. (;. .) in 0he/e43r5/ K#reekL Bar5e/ane/ a::irm/ 0ha0 0here i/ al/3 a ;e3;le in In5ia" 4h3 in51l6e in+anni9ali/m" (i9. ;. . D.) K#reekL

J. Thi/ /eem/ 03 9e a;;lie5 03 0he Der9i+e/ 3: Per/ia" (Pre;. E7an6. i9. ;. .) an5 0heMa//a6e0ae...K...L

J.

Thi/" a++3r5in6 03 E1/e9. (l.+.) an5 The353re0" (l.+.) 4a/ 53ne 98 0he Ti9areni.The35. K#reekL

J-. Men0i3n i/ ma5e 3: 0hi/ (Pre;. E7an6. i9.) in 0he/e 43r5/" K...L i0. N3r" a/:3rmerl8" 53 0he8 +a/0 37er 0he a6e5 4i0h a /nare (n33/e" *+.) A ;ra+0i+e" ;erha;/" n301nlike 0ha0 3: 0he Per/ian h1n0er/ an5 4arri3r/" 4h3 0hre4 a /3r0 3: n33/e" ==== +alle5 0heKAra9i+L 5a-and ==== 37er 0he hea5 3: 0he animal 0he8 4i/he5 03 0ake. K...L



J. S3 0he H8r+anean/ an5 Ba+0rian/ (Pre;. E7an6. ;;. " " an5 The353re0 a/a937e.)

JJ. S3 0he Ca/;ian/ (Pre;. E7an6. i9.) an5 Ba+0rian/ (i9. ;. .) S0ra93 #e36r. i9. <i.

;. -JG. E5i0. Ca/a193n.

JG. Thi/" a++3r5in6 03 The353re0" (#rae+. a::e+0" +1ra0. ;. GJ.) 4a/ 53ne 98 0heS+80hian/, K#reekL S3 I9n Ba010a 0ell/ 1/ (Tra7el/" ;. ") 0ha0 he /a4" a0 0he :1neral 3:0he Em;er3r 3: China" /i< :a731ri0e Maml1k/" an5 :31r :emale /la7e/ all 91rie5 ali7e4i0h him See al/3 Pre;. E7an6. (i9. ;. JG. C.)

J. - S3 0he In5ian/" a/ Bar5e/ane/ 0ell/ 1/" 91rne5 0he 4i7e/" 036e0her 4i0h 0he 5ea5 9358 3: 0he h1/9an5" 3n 0he :1neral ;ile (Pre;. E7an6. ;. . D.)" >1/0 a/ i0 i/ 0he ;ra+0i+e /0ill in Hin51/0an. See al/3 Pl10ar+h" Tra+0. K#reekL T3m. ii. ;. mihi . Seeal/3 Ori6en +3n0ra Cel/. i9. 7. ;. J. /e. a/ 6i7en 98 Cel/1/ him/el:.

J. All15in6 ;erha;/ 03 0he +a/e 3: Da7i5. Sam. <7ii. -====-G.

J. N30 1nlike 0hi/ P3r;h8r. a5 B3e0h. Pre;. E7an6. i9. <i. +a;. <<7iii. ;. JJG. C.

G. See 31r a10h3r2/ E++l. Hi/0. i9. i<. +a;. 7iii.

G. See Pre;. E7an6. i9. 7i. +a;;. i=iii. ;. -G& 4here +a;. iii. 4e ha7e a ;3em :r3mP3r;h8r8 3n 0he +3n:la6ra0i3n/ 3: 0he Tem;le/. See al/3 i9. i9. III. +a;. ii. ;. -. D.

G. K...L E1/e9i1/" Pre;. E7an6. (;. -. D.) Thi/ (Sim/3n2/ Chr3n. ;. G) ha;;ene5

A. M. -J& hi/ 43r5/ are" A Pi/i/0ra0i5i/ in+en/1m ;r35i5i0 Phi'o&horu! a;15 Pin5ariS+h3lia/0em a5 O5. . P80h. N3n m1l03 ;3/0 a9 Al+ma3ni5i/ in/0a1ra01m.

G-. S8r. KS8ria+L. I0 ha/ 9een a::irme5 98 /3me" (Sim/3n. Chr3n. A. M. ") 0ha0 0heAma?3n/ :ir/0 91il0 0hi/ Tem;le & 30her/ 5en8 0hi/" an5 /0a0e 0ha0 3ne Cre/1/" 4i0hE;he/1/ 0he /3n 3: Car0er" 91il0 i0, 4hile S0ra93 make/ Cher/i;hr3n i0/ :ir/0 91il5er. Iha7e me0 4i0h n3 a++31n0" h34e7er" 3: i0 ha7in6 9een 5e/0r38e5 98 0he Ama?3n/.

G. - S8r. KS8ria+L S0ra93" h34e7er" i9. <i7. ;. " 0ell/ 1/" 0ha0 i0 4a/ Her3/0ra01/"4h3" 03 /e+1re :ame 03 him/el:" 91rn0 i0 0he /e+3n5 0ime. See al/3 Valeri1/ Ma<im1/" i9.7iii. +a;. <i7. E<0ern. J. Thi/ 4a/ 0he Tem;le in 4hi+h 0he ima6e 0ha0 :ell 534n :r3m

!1;i0er (A+0/ <i<. -J.) 4a/ /ai5 03 9e ;re/er7e5, 4hi+h ima6e" a++3r5in6 03 Plin8" 4a/ma5e 3: e93n8 98 3ne Cani0ia. (i9. <i<. +a;. i7.) S3 0he a10h3r/ 3: 0he Uni7er/al Hi/03r8"an5" a:0er 0hem a;;aren0l8 Ree/2/ En+8+l3;e5ia" Ar0. Diana. B10" I +an :in5 n3 /1+h 0hin6in Plin8" n3r an8 /0a01ar8 3: 0he name 3: Cani0ia. The 43r5/ 3: Plin8 are (i9. <7i. )"De i;/3 /im1la+r3 Dea am9i6i01r, +e0eri e< e9en3 e//e 0ra51n0. M1+ian1/ 0er +3n/1l" e<hi/ 1i ;r3<ime 7i/3 /+ri;/ere" 7i0i6ine1m" e0 n1n1am m10a01m /e;0ie/ re/0i01030em;l3.



GJ. S3 Th1+85i5e/" i9. i7. --& n30 1nlike 0hi/ 033" Pa1/ania/ De/+ri;0. #r. i9. 7ii.+a;. 7. Thi/ ha;;ene5 (Sim/3n2/ Chr3ni+3n. ;. G.) A. M. -J====4hi+h /ee.

GG. J Thi/ Tem;le 4a/" a++3r5in6 03 Her35301/" 7er8 ri+h" an5 m3re an+ien0 0han 0ha0 3:

Del;h3/" an5 4a/ 91rn0 98 0he Me5e/ in +3n>1n+0i3n 4i0h 0he The//alian/" i9. 7ni. --.E1/e9i1/" h34e7er" /;eak/ 3: an in7a/i3n an5 91rnin6 98 0he The9an/ 4hi+h 4a/" ;erha;/" 3n an30her 3++a/i3n. See al/3 Pa1/ania/" #rae+. De/+ri;0. i9. <. +a;. <<<7.Thi/ ha;;ene5 A. M. -GJ. (Sim/. Chr3n. ;. J.)

G. G Thi/ 4a/" a++3r5in6 03 S0ra93" (i9. 7iii. ;. mihi .) 3ne 3: 0he :ine/0 43rk/ 3:Phi5ia/. I0 4a/ ma5e 3: i73r8" in a /i00in6 ;3/01re" an5 /3 lar6e" 0ha0 i: /0an5in6 0heTem;le +31l5 n30 ha7e +3n0aine5 i0" i0/ hei6h0 431l5 ha7e 9een /3 6rea0. See al/3Pa1/ania/" i9. i. +a;. <7iii. Thi/ Tem;le 4a/ 3n+e 5e/0r38e5 98 an in1n5a0i3n 3: 0he /ea.Pa1/an. i9. in. +a;. i<. I +an :in5 n3 a++31n0 3: 0he 5e/0r1+0i3n 3: 0hi/ /0a01e 98li6h0nin6. See Pre;. E7an6. ;. -J. A.

G. An a++31n0 3: 0hi/ i/ :31n5 in Her35ian" a/ ha;;enin6 in 0he 0ime/ 3: C3mm351/"(i9. i. .) He :ir/0 0ell/ 1/" 0ha0 0he Tem;le 3: Pea+e /1::ere5 98 li6h0nin6 a:0er man8 ;r35i6ie/ ha5 a;;eare5 in 0he hea7en/" 4i0h ;e/0ilen+e/" *+. 3n 0he ear0h.K#reekL " Ma<im1m a10em ne:a/ +1m in ;rae/en/ 53l3rem a001li0" 01m in :101r1m ;e//im3 a161ri3 1ni7er/3/ +3n0err1i0. Nam +1m ne1e im9re/ 1lli ne1e n19e/"0an01m1e e<i611/ 0errae m301/ an0e+e//i//e0" /e1 n3+01rni +a/1 :1lmini/" /i7e i6niali13 in i;/3 0errar1m m301 7el10 e<0ri03" 0301m 5e im;r37i/3 Pa+i/ 0em;l1m+3n/1m;01m in+en5i3 e/0, 135 1n1m /+ili+e0 3;1/ +1n+03r1m 030a 1r93 ma<im1m :1i0a01e ;1l+herrim1m, i5em 0em;l3r1m 3mni1m 3;1len0i//im1m...in0er 1a& e0iam Ve/0ae0em;l1m" /i+ 10 Palla5i1m 131e +3n/;i+ere01r, 135 in;rimi/ +3l1n0 a01e in ar+an3

ha9en0 R3mani" Tr3>a (10 ;erhi9en0) a7e+01m. See al/3 'i;hilin1/ near 0he en5 3:C3mm351/. The Tem;le 3: F3r01ne a0 R3me i/ /ai5" 98 3/im1/" 03 ha7e 9een 91rn0 inlike manner. (i9. ii. C3n/0an0in1/ e0 i+ini1/.) The Tem;le 3: Ve/0a 4a/ al/3 91rn0 in 0he:ir/0 P1ni+ 4ar/. See Di3n. Halli+arn. i9. ii. ;. . E5i0. JG" 4here 0hi/ Palla5i1m i/al/3 /;3ken 3:. See al/3 Clemen/. Ale<an5. A5m3n. a5 #en0e/. ;. -=J. /e. an5Pa1/an. i9. 7.

G. K...L 'i;hilin1/ 0ell/ 1/ in hi/ E;i03me 3: Di3n" 0ha0 in 0he 0ime/ 3: Ti01/" 0heTem;le/ 3: Sera;i/ an5 I/i/& 0he Se;0a& 0he Tem;le 3: Ne;01ne& 0he Ba0h/ 3: A6ri;;a& 0hePan0he3n & 0he Diri9i03ri1m& 0he Thea0re 3: Bal91/& 0he S+ena 3: P3m;e8 & 0he h31/e/ 3:O+0a7i1/" 4i0h 0he 933k/& 0he Tem;le 3: !1;i0er Ca;i03lin1/" 4i0h 0he a5>3inin6 Tem;le/"

4ere all 5e/0r38e5 98 :ire" 4hi+h 0he Hi/03rian 0hink/ 4ere Di7ine" ra0her 0han h1man"3++1rren+e/. (E5i0. S8l91r6. E5. J. ;. .) See al/3 Pre;. E7an6. i9. in. +a; ii. ;.-. D. /e. I0. Sim/3ni 5e Si98l. Va0i+in. 5i/1i/. +3l. .

. K...L Thi/ ha;;ene5 in 0he 0ime/ 3: D3mi0ian" 3: 4hi+h S1e03ni1/ (i9. <i. +a;. <7.)6i7e/ 0he :3ll34in6 a++31n0. K...L *+. $e are 03l5 in 0he ne<0 +ha;0er" 0ha0 3n +3n/1l0in6 a#erman /330h/a8er +3n+ernin6 0hi/ li6h0nin6" he 4a/ 03l5 0ha0 i0 ;3r0en5e5 a &han(e othin(!. $hi+h harm3ni?e/ 4ell 4i0h 0he 6eneral e<;e+0a0i3n/ 0h3/e 0ime/. The



/330h/a8er" h34e7er" a;;ear/ 03 ha7e l3/0 hi/ li:e" 3n a++31n0 3: 0hi/ an/4er. C3m;.Ta+i0. Hi/0. i9. i7. J" an5 Sim/3n" Chr3n. Ca0h3l. ;ar/. 7ii. ;. G. The Ca;i03l 4a/al/3 91rn0 in 0he 8ear 9e:3re Chri/0" " 036e0her 4i0h 0he Cha;el an5 S89illine 933k/.Sim/3n" Chr3n. A. M. --.

. - In like manner in 0he Ora0. 5e la155. C3n/0an0" +a;. <iii. ;. J-J. C.

. T3 0he /ame e::e+0 Ori6en +3n0ra Cel/. i9. ii. ;. .K...L

BOO% III

TE TI+D B441 43 (EUSEBIUS& 43 C/ES/+E/.

9. BECAUSE 0hen" h1man li:e ha5 1n5er63ne a +han6e" 0hr316h 0he 0hin6/ alrea58men0i3ne5" 03 a /0a0e hen+e:3r0h 3: ;ea+e an5 re/0" an5 ha5 9een ;re;are5 03 re+ei7e 0he ;er:e+0 53+0rine rela0in6 03 #35& 4ell a6ain" 5i5 0he +3mm3n Sa7i31r 3: all" 0he 3nl8(9e6300en) $ORD OF #OD" 0he %in6 3: all" /he4 :3r0h 0he 5i7ine re7ela0i3n 3: Him/el: 98 7er8 5ee5/" an5 a0 0he 0ime 4hi+h 4a/ /1i0a9le. F3r" imme5ia0el8 an5 a0 3n+e" 4henHe a;;eare5 in 0he 43rl5" 0h3/e 0hin6/ 4hi+h a;;er0aine5 03 0he an+ien0 /er7i+e 3:Dem3n/" 4ere 1n53ne 98 0he 37er0hr34 a/ i0 4ere" 3: (/3me r1in31/) 4ar=en6ine& 0i5in6/ann31n+in6 6335 0hin6/ 4ere ;rea+he5 03 all na0i3n/" an5 #35 4h3 i/ 37er all" 0hePr3;i0ia03r 3: 0he +hil5ren 3: men" 4a/ ann31n+e5. The 4h3le err3r 3: a ;l1rali08 3:#35/ 4a/ al/3 37er0hr34n" an5 all 0he 3;era0i3n/ 3: 5em3n/ 4ere :3r0h4i0h +a/0 a/i5e.Men a6ain 4ere n3 m3re /a+ri:i+e5 & n3r 4ere 0he /la16h0erin6/ 3: h1man 9ein6/" 4hi+h:r3m :3rmer 0ime/ ha5 r1ine5 0he 43rl5" (;er/e7ere5 in). N3r a6ain" 4ere 0herem1l0i015e/ 3: R1ler/" Prin+e/" T8ran0/" an5 #37ern31r/ 3: @JG 0he ;e3;le. N3r a6ain"e<i/0e5 0h3/e 0hin6/" 3n a++31n0 3: 4hi+h 4ar/" an5 0he re51+0i3n 3: +i0ie/" ha5 9een /e03n :330 in e7er8 +i08 an5 ;la+e, 3n 0he +3n0rar8" 3ne #35 4a/ ;rea+he5 03 all men , 0he3ne em;ire 033 3: 0he R3man/ ha5 e<0en5e5 i0/el: 37er all , an5 0he ;ea+ele// an51n+3m;r3mi/in6 enmi08" 4hi+h ha5 /3 l3n6 9een 0he ;3r0i3n 3: 0he na0i3n/" +ame 03 anen0ire en5. An5" a/ 0he kn34le56e 3: 0he 3ne #35" an5 3: 3ne >1/0 an5 ri6h0e31/ +3n51+0re/1l0in6 0here:r3m" 4a/" 98 0he 0ea+hin6 3: 31r Sa7i31r" 5eli7ere5 03 all men& /3 al/3 3nekin6" a0 3ne an5 0he /ame 0ime" 4a/ e/0a9li/he5 37er 0he 4h3le R3man em;ire" an5 a ;r3:31n5 ;ea+e ;re7aile5 in e7er8 0hin6. A0 3n+e 033" an5 a0 3ne ;eri35" a/ i0 4ere a0 0hein0ima0i3n 3: 0he 3ne #35" 043 /in61lar a57an0a6e/ /;r1n6 1; am3n6 mankin5 & 0heIn/0r1+0i3n 0ha0 4a/ in ri6h0e31/ne//" an5 0he Em;ire 3: 0he R3man/. F3r :3rmerl8" 0hi/err3r 3: 0he Dem3n/ ha5 6rie731/l8 en/la7e5 0he na0i3n/, an5" a/ 0he 4h3le ha5 9een5i7i5e5 in03 man8 (;ar0/)" /3me 0akin6 S8ria 98 4a8 3: ;3r0i3n& 30her/ 9earin6 r1le in








A/ia& 30her/" in Ma+e53nia& 30her/ +100in6 1; an5 /ei?in6 1;3n E68;0& 30her/" in likemanner" 1;3n 0he +31n0r8 3: Ara9ia, 0he ra+e 3: 0he !e4/ a6ain" ha5 ;3//e//i3n 3:Pale/0ine. An5" in e7er8 7illa6e" +i08" an5 ;la+e" 0he8 4ere" a/ :r3m ma5ne// (an5) likemara15er/ an5 5em3nia+/ in reali08" +are:1l (3nl8) a9310 4ar:are an5 +3n0en0i3n 3ne

a6ain/0 an30her&==3: 4hi+h en316h ha/ alrea58 9een /ai5.

2. B10 (n34)" 043 6rea0 P34er/ /;r1n6 :1ll8 1;" a/ (i0 4ere) 310 3: 3ne /0ream& an5 0he86a7e ;ea+e 03 all" an5 9r316h0 all 036e0her 03 a /0a0e 3: :rien5/hi; , (namel8) 0he R3manEm;ire" 4hi+h" :r3m 0ha0 0ime" a;;eare5 (a/) 3ne kin653m & an5" 0he P34er 3: 0heSa7i31r 3: all" 4h3/e @J ai5 4a/ a0 3n+e e<0en5e5 03" an5 e/0a9li/he5 4i0h" e7er8 3ne.F3r" 0he 5i7ine /1;eri3ri08 3: 31r Sa7i31r /4e;0 a4a8 0he a10h3ri08 3: 0he man8 Dem3n/"an5 man8 #35/& /3 0ha0 0he 3ne kin653m 3: #35 4a/ ;rea+he5 03 all men #reek/ an5Bar9arian/" an5 03 0h3/e 4h3 (re/i5e5) in 0he e<0remi0ie/ 3: 0he ear0h. The R3man Em;ire033"== /in+e 0h3/e ha5 9een ;re7i31/l8 1;r330e5 4h3 ha5 9een 0he +a1/e 3: 0he r1le 3:man8==/33n /19>16a0e5 all (30her/)" an5 1i+kl8 9r316h0 036e0her in03 3ne /0a0e 3:

a++3r5an+e an5 a6reemen0" 0he 4h3le ra+e 3: (man). An5" 9eh3l5 i0 hen+e:3r0h 9r316h0036e0her /1+h a m1l0i015e 3: na0i3n/" a/ /33n 03 0ake ;3//e//i3n (3: all)" e7en 03 0hee<0remi0ie/ 3: 0he ear0h& 0he 0ea+hin6- 3: 31r Sa7i31r ha7in6" 98 0he 5i7ine ;34er" alrea58 ;re;are5 all ;ar0ie/" an5 e/0a9li/he5 (all) in a /0a0e 3: e1animi08. An5 0hi/ i/ in5ee5 a6rea0 mira+le 03 0h3/e" 4h3 /e0 0heir min5/ 3n 0he l37e 3: 0r10h" an5 are 1n4illin6 03 9een7i31/ a6ain/0 0ha0 4hi+h i/ 6335. F3r a0 3n+e" 4a/ 0he err3r 3: e7il Dem3n/ ;10 310 3:/i6h0& an5" a0 0he /ame 0ime" 5i5 0he enmi08 an5 +3n0en0i3n 3: 0he na0i3n/" 4hi+h ha5al4a8/ e<i/0e5" l3/e i0/ ;34er, an5 a6ain" a0 0he /ame 0ime" 4a/ 0he 3ne #35 an5 0he 3nekn34le56e 3: Him" ;rea+he5 03 all men 0hr316h 0he 0ea+hin6 3: 31r Sa7i31r, a0 0he /ame0ime 033" 4a/ 0he em;ire 3: 0he R3man/ e/0a9li/he5 am3n6 men& an5" a0 3n+e" 4a/ 0he(/0a0e 3r) 0he 4h3le ra+e 3: man +han6e5 03 (0ha0) 3: ;ea+e& an5 all" ;r3:e//in6 a +3mm3n

9r30herh335" 9e033k 0hem/el7e/ 03 0he in/0r1+0in6 3: 0heir 34n na01re. F3r0h4i0h 033"0he8 9e+ame 93rn" a/ i0 4ere" 3: 3ne (+3mm3n) Fa0her" an5 a/ 0he +hil5ren 3: 0he 3ne#35 & 3: 3ne M30her 033" ri6h0e31/ne// an5 0r10h& an5 /3 re+ei7e5 0he8 3ne an30her 4i0h0he /al10a0i3n 3: ;ea+e" 0ha0 hen+e:3r4ar5 0he 4h3le +rea0i3n 4a/ n30hin6 le// 0han a/3ne h31/eh3l5" an5 a/ a ra+e 637erne5 98 3ne la4. I0 4a/ (n34) ;ra+0i+a9le 033" 0ha0 an85e/irin6 03 /en5" :3r 0he ;1r;3/e/ 3: mer+han5i/e" an5 03 ;r3+ee5" 4hi0her/3e7er he ;lea/e5" 03 53 0hi/ 4i0h 0he 6rea0e/0 :a+ili08. Th3/e 3: 0he $e/0 +31l5 +3me 4i0h310 @J 5an6er 03 0he Ea/0, an5 a6ain" 0h3/e 4h3 4ere here (in 0he Ea/0) +31l5 ;r3+ee50hi0her a/ 03 0he h31/e 3: 0heir 34n :a0her/" a++3r5in6 03 0he 43r5/ 3: an+ien0 ;r3;he+8"an5 3: man8 30her 91r5en/ 3: 0he Pr3;he0/" 4hi+h 4e ha7e n30 n34 lei/1re 03 men0i3n"e<+e;0in6 0he/e re/;e+0in6 31r Sa7i31r" 0he $ORD OF #OD" 4hi+h ;r3+laime5 0h1/,

He !ha'' have do-inion ro- !ea to !ea and ro- the river! to the e+tre-itie! o theearthJ, an5 a6ain" "In hi! da)! !ha'' ri(hteou!ne!! !#rin( orth and abundan&e o #ea&eG , an5 a6ain. The) !ha'' beat their !%ord! into #'ou(h!hare! and their !#ear!into rea#in( hook! and nation !ha'' not 'it u# the !%ord a(ain!t nation$ nor !ha'' the)'earn %ar ."

#. The/e 0hin6/ 4ere :3re03l5 in 0he lan61a6e 3: 0he He9re4/" (an5) ha7e 9een ;19li/he5a 7er8 l3n6 0ime a63, 0he8 are n34 in 31r 0ime/ 4i0ne//e5 in 0heir 3;era0i3n" +3n:irmin6
























0he 0e/0im3nie/ 3: 0h3/e an+ien0 5e+lara0i3n/. I: 0hen" 0h31 5e/ire 30her ;r33:/ 3: 0hee<+ellen+8 3: 0he 0r10h" (/he4in6) 0ha0 i0 i/ n30 3: m3r0al na01re" 910 i/ 0he 43r5 3: #35 in0r10h& an5 (0ha0) 0he "#o%er o ,od " 0he Sa7i31r" ha/ 9een re7eale5 in 0he 43rl5" n30 9843r5/ (3nl8)" 910 98 5ee5/& a++e;0 0h31 3: 0hem. @J O;en 0he e8e/ 3: 0h8

1n5er/0an5in6" 1n9ar 0he 533r/ 3: 0h8 min5& an5 le0 0h8 /31l 9e 4h3ll8 +3lle+0e5 4i0hin0hee. C3n/i5er an5 a/k 0h8/el:" a/ i: 0h31 4er0 in0err36a0e5 98 an30her" an5 0h1/in7e/0i6a0e 0he na01re 3: 0he 0hin6/ (03 9e 9r316h0 9e:3re 0hee).

$. $h3" 3: 0h3/e 0ha0 e7er e<i/0e5" i/ 0he m3r0al man" %in6" Phil3/3;her" a46i7er" 3rPr3;he0" 4he0her #reek 3r Bar9arian" 4h3 93re all 0hi/ ;re=eminen+e"==n30 a:0er hi/5ea0h" 910 4hile he 4a/ /0ill ali7e" an5 5re4 9rea0h&== an5 +31l5 e::e+0 /3 m1+h" 0ha0 he/h31l5 9e ;rea+he5 0hr316h310 0he 4h3le ear0h an5" 0ha0 hi/ name /h31l5 :ill 0hehearin6" an5 03n61e/ 3: e7er8 ;e3;le 1;3n 0he :a+e 3: 0he 4h3le ear0h B10 0hi/" n3 manha/ 53ne e<+e;0in6 31r Sa7i31r al3ne" 4h3 /ai5 03 hi/ 5i/+i;le/ 98 43r5" an5 :1l:ille5 i0 98 5ee5, #3 and tea&h a'' nation!. He /ai5 (al/3) 03 0hem"==4ha0 He ha5 :3re03l5 an5

;re7i31/l8 re7eale5"==0ha0 it %a! ne&e!!ar) Hi! ,o!#e' !hou'd be #rea&hed throu(houtthe %ho'e &reation or a te!ti-on) to a'' nation!. An5" 4i0h 0he 43r5" He 9r316h0 0he5ee5 al/3 03 ;a//, :3r" imme5ia0el8"==an5 n30 a0 a 6rea0 5i/0an+e 3: 0ime"==0he 4h3le+rea0i3n 4a/ :ille5 4i0h Hi/ 43r5/

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. All15in6 03 4ha0 4a/ /ai5 a937e. B33k ii. ;ar. .

-. S3 Clemen/ Ale<an5rin1/" a/ +i0e5" Pre;. E7an6. i9. ii. +a;. iii. K#reekL See 0hen30e/ here 03 Vi6er2/ E5i0i3n" ;. -. See al/3 The353re0 (#rae+. a::e+0. +1ra0. Serm. <. ;.G-. T3m. i7.)" 4h3 63e/ m1+h m3re a0 len60h in03 0hi/ /19>e+0" an5 men0i3n/ a 6rea0er



n1m9er 3: 0he/e Ora+le/. I9. ;. G" he +i0e/ a ;a//a6e :r3m Pl10ar+h (De 5e:e+01Ora+1l3r1m) 4hi+h a::irm/ 0ha0 Dem3n/" mini/0er/ 3: 0he #35/" n30 0he #35/0hem/el7e/" ;re/i5e5 in 0he/e ;la+e/& 910 5i/all34/ 0he 93l5 a//er0i3n 3: Em;e53+le/" 0ha00he8 4ere e7il an5 in>1ri31/ 03 men. See 0he re/0 3: 0hi/ Tra+0. See al/3 Pre;. E7an6. i9.

7. +a;. i.

. See Pre;. E7an6. i9. 7. i. ;. . A. 4here /imilar ma00er 4ill 9e :31n5.

J. - All15in6 e7i5en0l8 03 I/. ii. W.

G. Pre;. E7an6. i9. 7. i. ;. . C...K#reekL The S8ria+ /;eak/ here m1+h /0r3n6er 3n0he 5i7ini08 3: 31r 3r5. Hi/ 43r5/ are" KS8ria+L" 4hi+h i/ ren5ere5 /1::i+ien0l8 li0erala937e. The/e Dem3n/ 4ere +3n/i5ere5 a/ +3n/0i010in6 7ari31/ +la//e/ am3n6 0he #reek/,0he :ir/0 re/i5in6 in 0he S0ar/, 0he /e+3n5 +3n/i/0in6 3: 0h3/e 4h3 ha5 9ene:i0e5 mankin5 98 0heir la931r/" an5 4ere 0erme5 Her3e/" a/ Her+1le/" 0he T8n5ari5e/" Ba++h1/" *+.& 0he

0hir5 +3n/i/0e5 3: 0h3/e :a91l31/ 9ein6/ 4hi+h ha5" 1n5er 0he 6ar9 3: ;hil3/3;h8" 9een5ei:ie5 98 0he P3e0/. The :31r0h +3n0aine5" Ven1/" Mer+1r8" *+. The :i:0h +3n0aine5 0h3/e/ai5 03 9e :am31/ :3r ar0" a/ V1l+an" Mar/" *+. T3 0he/e 0he8 a55e5 a /i<0h an5 /e7en0h"4h3 033k a0 3ne 0ime 0he :3rm/ 3: #35/" a0 an30her" 0h3/e 3: #h3/0/ (mani1m). The/e alla6ain" 4ere 5i7i5e5 in03 043 +la//e/" 0he 3ne +3n/i/0in6 3: 6335" 0he 30her 3: e7ilDem3n/. Pre;. E7an6. i9. 7. in. ;. . /e. I0 i/ a55e5" :r3m 0he a10h3ri08 3: Pl10ar+h0ha0" :r3m 0hi/ la/0 /3r0" all 0he #re+ian 3ra+le/ 4ere 6i7en 310. See al/3" i9. i9. iii. +a;.7. ;. . O: all 0he/e"Wa++3r5in6 03 31r a10h3r" Dem3n/0. E7an6. i9. i7. +a;. 7iii. ;.J. I' /e.WSa0an i/ 0he +hie: hea5 an5 ;rin+e, an5 0he re/0 6enerall8 :allen /;iri0/.

. J Ma00h. 7iii. & Mark i. & 1ke i7. -. O1r ;a//a6e" h34e7er" a6ree/ 4i0h nei0her

3: 0he ;la+e/ e<a+0l8. I0 4a/ m3/0 likel8" 130e5 98 mem3r8 3nl8. See al/3 Pre;. E7an6.i9. 7. +a;. i. ;. . D. Dem3n/0r. E7an6. i9. i7. +a;. <. ;. -. D.

. G I9. Pre;. E7an6. i9. 7. i. ;. . A. The 4h3le /19>e+0 3: Dem3n3l368 i/ 5i/+1//e5a0 6rea0 len60h in 0he Pre;. E7an6. 03 4hi+h I m1/0 re:er 0he rea5er" a/ he 4ill 0here :in5alm3/0 e7er8 0hin6 ne+e//ar8 03 9e kn34n 3n 0hi/ /19>e+0" 6i7en :r3m 0he 9e/0 a10h3ri0ie/am3n6 0he #reek/ 0hem/el7e/.

. S8r. KS8ria+L. Thi/ i/ al/3 :31n5 in 0he Pre;. E7an6. i9. i7. +a;. <7ii. ;. G. C. ==K#reekL See al/3 i9. i9. 7. +a;. i. ;. . C. D. == I9. P3r;h8r8 i/ (;. .) +i0e5" a/ 9earin6 4i0ne// 03 0hi/ :a+0" 0h1/ , K#reekL I9. ;. JG. B" a/ 0aken :r3m P3r;h8r82/ Se+3n5

B33k 3n A9/0inen+e" +i0e5 :r3m Palla/ 3n 0he M8/0erie/ 3: Mi0hra. The 43r5/ 3: Palla/h34e7er" are" K#reekL. $hen+e Vale/i1/ ar61e/" (n30e/ 03 a155. C3n/0" ;. J. D.) 0ha0E1/e9i1/ ha/ ra0her 37er/0a0e5 0he ma00er& a//1min6 0ha0 0hi/ ha5 ever) %here 9een 53ne"4hen" a0 0ha0 7er8 0ime h1man /a+ri:i+e/ 4ere 3::ere5 1; a0 R3me.

. - I0 i/ e7i5en0 I 0hink" :r3m 0hi/ m35e 3: ar61in6" 0ha0 E1/e9i1/ 5i5 mean 03 a//er0"0he Divine an5 !e'*e+i!tin( na01re 3: Chri/0. See" 033" 0he manner in 4hi+h he ar61e/a6ain/0 Pla03" a937e. B33k ii. ;ar. --" -" /e. 4i0h 0he n30e/. Ora0. 5e la155. C3n/0an0" ;.



JJ. A.

. I9. B.

. G S3 al/3 Pre;. E7an6. i9. i. +a;. i. ;. . B.

-. S8r. KS8ria+L li0. He -ade %orth) o the na-e o the Hou!e o :ord!hi#. #r. K#reekL Ora0. 5e la155. C3n/0an0" +a;. <7ii. ;. JG. A. The a937e a::3r5/ a+1ri31/ in/0an+e 3: 31r Tran/la03r2/ a00em;0 03 9e li0eral" a/ i0 53e/ 3: 0he ;37er08 3: 0heS8ria+ lan61a6e :3r 5i/+1//i3n/ /1+h a/ 0hi/.

. Ora0. 5e la155. C3n/0an0" ;. J. D.

J. Ma00" <<iii. -, 1ke <iii. -J" K...L

G. Ma00h. <<i7. , Mark <iii. , 1ke <<i. G. 5i::erin6 in /e7eral re/;e+0/ :r3m 0hePe/+hi03, 0h1/" KS8ria+L 130e5" ;erha;/" in 0he :ir/0 in/0an+e :r3m mem3r8, an5" in 0he/e+3n5" 0ran/la0e5 :r3m 0he #reek /3 4ri00en. Se7eral ;r3;he+ie/ 3n 0he +3min6 3: 31r3r5" 0he la931r/ 3: 0he A;3/0le/" an5 0he :all 3: !er1/alem" 4ill 9e :31n5 in Ori6en2/Phil3+alia" +a;. i. E5i0. S;en+er" an5 m3re :1ll8 in 0he Dem3n/0r. E7an6. 3: 31r a10h3r.

. Ma00. <7i. . The la00er mem9er rea5/ 0h1/, S8r. KS8ria+L. Di::erin6 :r3m 0hePe/+hi03 in 0he 0erm 3nl8. Ora0. 5e la155. C3n/0an0" i9. ;. .J. A.

. - There i/ an30her mem9er here in 0he #reek. (a155. C3n/0. i9. B.)

. Ma00. <. , Mark <iii. , 1ke <<i. . The ;a//a6e h34e7er" 53e/ n30 a;;ear 03 9ea li0eral +i0a0i3n" 910 3nl8 a 6eneral men0i3n 3: 0he 0hin6 in 1e/0i3n. a155. C3n/0an0" ;.J. C.

-. J I9. a155. C3n/0an0. D. 4here 0he #reek i/ m3re :1ll.

-. G Ora0. 5e la155. C3n/0an0. i9.

-. Ora0. 5e la155. C3n/0an0" i9. ;. J. C.

--. - Ora0. 5e la155. C3n/0an0" i9. C.

-. S3 0he #reek. (Ora0. 5e la155. C3n/0an0" i9. ;. J. D.) K...L

-J. J K...L On 0he 6eneral 39/er7an+e 3: 0he /e7en0h 5a8 (3r S1n5a8). See al/3 0he Pre;.E7an6. i9. <iii. +a;. <ii. ;. GG" :r3m Ari/0391l1/ & an5 i9. +a;. <iii. ;. G" :r3mClemen/ Ale<an5rin1/. See al/3 ra8 Serm3n 3n 0he Sa99a0h" E5i0. . 3n53n" -"D1n+an. $hen+e i0 /h31l5 /eem" 0ha0 0hi/ m1/0 ha7e 9een 0he Pa0riar+hal" an5+3n/e1en0l8 0he 5a8 3: 0he ;rimae7al" /a99a0h. (#en. ii. " -.) The /a99a0h 3: 0he !e4/



4a/ a 030all8 5i::eren0 0hin6. Tha0 4a/ 03 re+1r )ear') a:0er 0he 5a8 3: ;re;ara0i3n , i.e. 3n0he J0h 5a8 3: 0he m3n0h A9i9. (C3m;. E<35. <ii. G. 4i0h Mark <7. .) I0 +31l5 n30ha7e re+1rre5" 0here:3re ever) !eventh da) 9 0ha0 4a/ im;3//i9le. The !e4/ 53 h34e7er"39/er7e e7er8 /e7en0h 5a8. The8 ha7e 0here:3re" l3/0 0he /a99a0h 3: M3/e/ en0irel8.

$hile 0he Chri/0ian/ a+01all8 kee; 0he ;rimi0i7e /a99a0h" 4i0h 0he a55i0i3nal /an+0i3n/ 3:0he Re/1rre+0i3n 3: 31r 3r5" an5 3: 0he 6i:0 3: 0he S;iri0 a0 Pen0e+3/0. K...L

-G. G Ora0. 5e la155. C3n/0. i9. D.

-. = Ora0. 5e la155. C3n/0an0. i9. ;. J. A.

-. J Ora0. 5e la155. C3n/0an0. ;. J-G. A. 6i7e/ al/3 0he :3ll34in6 ma00er.

-. G Ora0. 5e la155. C3n/0an0. i9. B.

. Thi/ a5a6e" K#reekL 4ill 9e :31n5 in 0he" A5a6i3r1m D. Era/mi...E;i03me. Am/0.G. ;. . S8r. KS8ria+L The Per/ian/ ha7e a 7er8 nea0l8 e<;re//e5 a5a6e 03 0hi/ e::e+0"in 0he/e 43r5/& $hi+h ma8 0h1/ 9e ;ara;hra/e5"==

%in5 03 hi/ kin5 4i0h ;lea/1re hie/"An5 ha4k 4i0h ha4k" ;i6e3n 4i0h ;i6e3n :lie/.

. Ora0. 5e la155. C3n/0an0. i9. ;. J-G. C.

. - Thi/ ar61men0 i/ 6i7en al/3 in 0he Dem3n/0r. E7an6. i9. i7. +a;. <iii. ;. . A. an5i9. i9. 7ii. +a;. i. ;. -. C. D. a/ 4ell a/ in 0he Ora0. 5e la155. C3n/0an0. i9. ;. J-. D.

-. Ora0. 5e la155. C3n/0an0. i9. ;. J-. A. i0. Dem3n/0r. E7an6. i9. i7. +a;. <iii. ;. G.D.

. Ora0. 5e la155. C3n/0an0. i9. B.

J. - K...L The #reek Ora0. 5e la155. C3n/0an0. i9. ;. J-. B. 53e/ n30 7er9all8 a6ree 4i0h31r 0e<0.

G. Ora0. 5e la155. C3n/0an0. i9. i0.

. J Dem3n/0r. E7an6. i9. i7. <iii. ;. G. A.

. G Ora0. 5e la155. C3n/0. i9. C. i0. Dem3n/0r. E7an6. i9. B. i0. i9. +a;. <i7. ;. . D. i0.i9. ;. GJ. B.

. C3m;. !3hn iii. -& 7i. G, <i7. " . i0. Ora0. 5e la155. C3n/0an0. i9. ;. J-. D. i0.Dem3n/0r. E7an6. i9. B. C. /e.



J. Dem3n/0r. E7an6. i9. ;. G. D.

J. Dem3n/0r. E7an6. i9. i7. +a;. <iii. . D. i0. . A. Ora0. 5e la155. C3n/0an0. i9. ;. J-. A.

J. Ora0. 5e la155. C3n/0an0. i9. ;. J-. B. i0. Dem3n/0r. E7an6. i9. ;. . A. B.

J-. The #reek 0e<0" (a155. C3n/0" ;. J-. C.) lea7e/ 1/ here" 910 >3in/ 1/ a6ain" /e+0.J" 9el34.

J. - Dem3n/0r. E7an6. i9. i7. +a;. <iii. ;. G. B. C.

JJ. All15in6 03 0he +ha/0i/emen0/ men0i3ne5 a937e" a/ in:li+0e5 3n 0he hea0hen.

JG. 1ke i. -& ii. . Ma00. i. . or he SHA SAVE hi! #eo#'e" *+. ;lainl8

in0ima0in6" 0ha0 0he meanin6 3: 0he He9. KHe9re4L /h31l5 9e ;re/er7e5 in i0.

J. - Dem3n/0r. E7an6. i9. i7. +a;. <. ;;. G" D. GJ. A. K...L

J. Ma00. 7iii. " -& <i. J. 1ke 7ii. & <7ii. .

J. J Ma00" i<" .- , <ii. , <7ii" " *+.

G. G Ma00. i<. G" *+.

G. I9. 7er. & <i. J& <<. -" *+.

G. Ma00. i<. . /e. *+.

G-. Ma00. 7iii. J. 1ke 7ii. I .

G. Mark 7. .=-J. /e. *+.

GJ. !3hn <i. . /e.

GG. Ma00. <i7. J. Mark 7i. . !3hn 7i. .

G. - Ma00. 7iii. . /e. Mark i7. -. /e. *+.

G. Ma00. <i7. . /e. i9. <7i. " *+.

G. Ma00" <<7ii. J" *+.





en0i0le5 a0paq%&j im;a0i9ili/" (De1/ /+.) T3m. i7. ;. G. /e. 4here (;. -.)0rea0in6" 3: 0he a//1me5 h1man na01re" K...L

. !3hn <7i. --.

. J Ma00. <ii. . Mark iii. .

-. The #reek 3: 0he Ora0. 5e la155. C3n/0an0. a6ain >3in/ 1/ here" +a;. <7. ;. J-. D.

. I9. ;. J. C.

J. J K...L. Ora0. 5e la155. C3n/0an0. i9. ;. J. D. J. A.

G. - !3hn i. " +i0e5 al/3 Dem3n/0r. E7an6. i9. +a;. <. ;. -. A.

. I/. liii. .

. G I9. 7er. =. Ora0. 5e la155. C3n/0an0. i9. B. C. C3m;. Dem3n/0r. E7an6. i9. i7.+a;. <. ;. G.

. S8r. KS8ria+L 4hi+h" I 0hink" m1/0 9e an err3r" :3r KS8ria+L. I ha7e" 0here:3re"0ran/la0e5 i0 a++3r5in6l8 98 atta&he!. In 0he He9re4" 0he /i6ni:i+a0i3n 3: Me//iah"KHe9re4L anointed. The ;rie/0/" kin6/" an5 30her/" 4ere /3 /08le5" 9e+a1/e +3n/e+ra0e5 030heir 3::i+e/ 98 the anointin( o oi' a/ 31r 3r5 4a/ 98 an e<0ra3r5inar8 ;3r0i3n 3: 0heS;iri0. (See I/. 'I.). 5hri!t in 0he #reek /i6ni:ie/ 0he /ame 0hin6. See al/3 Dem3n/0r.E7an6. i9. i7. +a;. <i. i9. <7i. ;. .

. O1r a10h3r /eem/" in 0hi/ ar0i+le" 03 ha7e ha5 /0r3n6l8 im;re//e5 3n hi/ min5 0he5i/0in+0i3n ma5e 98 0he A;3/0le" 4hen he /;eak/ 3: Chri/0 in hi/ h1man +hara+0er 3nl8& e.6. Sin+e b) -an +ame 5ea0h" b) -an +ame al/3 0he re/1rre+0i3n 3: 0he 5ea5. C3r. <7.. S3 i9. 7er. . The ir!t -an i/ 3: 0he ear0h.. .0he !e&ond -an i/ 0he 3r5" *+. S3 Tim. ii. J. The -an Chri/0 !e/1/,...4h3 6a7e him/el: a ran/3m" *+. A6ain" He9. 7iii.-& <. . Thi! -an" /;eakin6 3: Chri/0 a/ a Prie/0" +3m;. i9. iii. -& 7ii. " " *+. an5 3:Hi/ B358" i9. <. J" . The A;3/0le h34e7er" make/ n3 /1+h 5i/0in+0i3n in hi/ name/ , n3r 4a/ i0 ne+e//ar8 he /h31l5. Thi/ 5i/0in+0i3n in E1/e9i1/ i/" ne7er0hele//" 7al1a9le.==Ora0.5e la155. C3n/0an0. i9. ;. J. C. 4here 0he #reek lea7e/ 1/& 910 ha/ 0he :3ll34in6ma00er" i9. ;. J. A. B. /e. See al/3 Dem3n/0r. E7an6. i9. i7. +a;. <. ;. G. D.

. - K...L. See B33k ii. /e+0. . /e.

. B33k ii. /e+0. J.

-. All1/i3n /eem/ here 03 9e ma5e 03 P./. l<<i7. " in 4hi+h 4e are 03l5" 0ha0 #35 9rake 0he head! o the :eviathan and (ave hi- to be -eat to the ;e3;le inha9i0in6 0he4il5erne//. (#r. -i0qi/o,i )"0akin6 0he e7ia0han a/ re;re/en0in6 0he e7il ;rin+i;le



4hi+h ha5 +3rr1;0e5 m3r0ali08. C3m;. I/. <<7ii. " an5 /ee m8 n30e/ 3n !39 <li. . O1ra10h3r ;r39a9l8 mean/" 0ha0 He 6a7e 1; Hi/ 9358 03 men" *+. 4h3 mi6h0 9e 0erme5 9ea/0/" 9e+a1/e 3: 0he :ier+ene// 3: 0heir na01re. C3m;. P/. <<ii. " -" G" .

. - S3 Pa1l" C3l. ii. J. An5 ha7in6 /;3ile5 ;rin+i;ali0ie/ an5 ;34er/" He ma5e a /he43: 0hem 3;enl8" 0ri1m;hin6 37er 0hem in i0 (Hi/ +r3//).

J. I. e. 03 ;r37e 0ha0 he reall8 5ie5. Thi/ 4a/" n3 53190" in0en5e5 03 ha7e i0/ :3r+ea6ain/0 0he D3+e0ae" 4h3 hel5 0ha0 i0 4a/ a ;han03m 3nl8 3: Chri/0 4hi+h ha5 9eena::i<e5 03 0he +r3//" an5 a##eared 03 5ie" (4hi+h 0he M3hamme5an/" a:0er 0he/e" /0illh3l5)==an5 0h1/ 7ir01all8 5en8in6 a 7i0al ;3in0 in 0he :ai0h 3: a Chri/0ian.

G. S8r. KS8ria+L li0. %hi&h a##rehended the-9 all15in6 ;erha;/" 03 Phili;" iii. 4here0he 0e<0 3: 0he Pe/+hi03 1/e/ 0hi/ 43r5 in 0he /ame 4a8.

. - I 0hink i0 hi6hl8 ;r39a9le 0ha0 0he S8ria+ ne6a0i7e" KS8ria+L ha/ in 0hi/ ;la+e 9eenl3/0" 98 0he mi/0ake 3: /3me +3;8i/0.

. A;;l8in6 0hi/ 0erm" a/ 3n /e7eral 3++a/i3n/" 4i0h re:eren+e 03 0he h1man na01re 3:Chri/0.

. S8r. KS8ria+L" 0he #reek 0-q%&n%" Minerva all15in6" n3 53190" 03 0he ;ra+0i+e/ 3: 0he hea0hen" 4h3 ma5e" 930h 3: 0he 935ie/ an5 men0al :a+1l0ie/ 3: men" #35/. See B33k. Par. > *+.

. G A/ 0hi/ ;la+e i/ e<0remel8 im;3r0an0 3n 0he 1e/0i3n 3: 0he E1+hari/0" I /hall 6i7e

0he S8ria+" 4hi+h r1n/ 0h1/ , KS8ria+L. N30hin6 +an 9e m3re +er0ain" I 0hink" 0han 0ha00he bodi') and b'ood) !a&rii&e 3: 0he Ma// 3: 0he R3mani/0/ +31l5 n30 ha7e 9eenin0en5e5 here. On 0he 3;ini3n/ 3: 0he S8rian Fa0her/ re/;e+0in6 0hi/ m8/0er8" /e+ m8Vi/i0a0i3n Serm3n" (Cam9ri56e" -") 4i0h 0he n30e/. I0 i/ m8 in0en0i3n" De3 73len0e" 03 ;19li/h a m3re 5e0aile5 a++31n0 3: 0he 3;ini3n/ 3: 0he S8rian Fa0her/ 3n 0hi/ /19>e+0" a//33n a/ I +an & an5 :3r 0hi/" I ha7e +3lle+0e5 +3n/i5era9le ma0erial/. I 4ill n34 6i7e a/en0en+e 3r 043 :r3m 0he +ele9ra0e5 Bar Sali9i" == a 6rea0 :a731ri0e 4i0h 0he R3mani/0/" ==3n !3hn 7i. G-. It i! the !#irit that 6ui&keeneth" *+. Thi/ Fa0her /a8/" KS8ria+L i.e. I0 i/ne+e//ar8 0ha0 0he 43r5/ /ai5 98 me /h31l5 be !#iritua'') re+ei7e5" /3 0ha0 831 ma8inheri0 e0ernal li:e. B10" i: 831 re+ei7e 0hem bodi') 831 /hall n30 9e ;r3:i0e5.F3r" bodi') i/" 0ha0 a man 53190 an5 /a8" H34 +an He ha7e 5e/+en5e5 :r3m hea7en" 4hen

4e 0hink him 03 9e 0he /3n 3: !3/e;h an5" H34 +an 0hi/ man 6i7e hi/ 9358 ==#335 Dr$i/eman h34e7er" 0he in5e:a0i6a9le ;r3;16ner 3: 0he R3man Ca0h3li+ 53+0rine/" ha/ n353190" 0ha0 0he !e4/ %ere ri(ht in 6i7in6 0he in0er;re0a0i3n 4hi+h 0hi/ Fa0her re;r39a0e/an5 al/3" 0ha0 Bar Sali9i 4a/ an 1;h3l5er 3: hi/ 34n 3;ini3n/ (See m8 Serm3n" ;;. "" -J==G.) E1/e9i1/ him/el: ha/" m3re37er" 6i7en hi/ 7ie4 3: 0he na01re 3: 0heE1+hari/0" in hi/ Dem3n/0ra0i3 E7an6eli+a" (i9. i. <. -. A.) in 0he :3ll34in6 43r5/,/;eakin6 3: 0he '. P/alm" he /a8/" K#reekL.M1+h 0he /ame i/ /ai5 a li00le hi6her 1; (i9. ;. -.) 3n I/. liii. A6ain" (i9. ;. -") he 0erm/ 0he/e /a+ri:i+e/" K#reekL See 0he re/0 3: 0hi/



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and orth%ith**thou !ha'' be a i!her o -en unto 'ie 1eterna'2. Thi! 'aboriou! i!hin(%hi&h return! no #roit thou !ha't re'in6ui!h$ and thou !ha'' be&o-e a @ i!her-ano rea!onab'e &reature! in #'a&e o the!e %hi&h are irrationa'. Nor !ha't thou a(aindra% u# tho!e %ho- thou !ha't &at&h ro- the de#th! o the !ea but ro- the bitterne!!o the 'ie that i! hateu'$ ro- the &ha-ber! o un(od') darkne!! and ro- !in into the'i(ht %hi&h i! inte''e&tua'$ and to the e'evation o #urit). Tha0 i/" thou !ha't &at&h the- or 'ie b) -ean! o that %hi&h i! o 'ie9 it i! not death that thou #re#are!t or the-.The!e ir!t indeed %hi&h are dra%n u# out o the !ea and %hi&h or-er') en7o)ed 'ie in







darkne!! and the dee# #eri!h i--ediate') on their a!&endin( and re&eivin( the 'i(ht. But tho!e %ho !ha'' be &au(ht b) thee ro- a-on( -en !ha'' be &au(ht u# out o thedarkne!! o i(noran&e and !ha'' be &han(ed to the 'ie that i! o ,od. The/e 0hin6/0here:3re" (namel8") Thou !ha't hen&eorth &at&h -en unto 'ie" 31r Sa7i31r :3re03l5 98

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0he #reek/ an5 Bar9arian/" an5 i/ 5ail8 ;rea+he5 in 0he ear/ 3: all na0i3n/ An5 m3re ;ar0i+1larl8" 0he /e;1l+hre 3: 0hi/ (Di/+i;le) 4hi+h i/ in E;he/1/ 3: A/ia" 53e/ 6l3ri31/h3n31r 03 hi/ 5ea0h" an5 /he4/ 03 0he 43rl5 0he mem3rial 3: 0ha0 li6h0 4hi+h +ann30 9ehi55en. In like manner al/3" 0he 4ri0in6/ 3: 0he a;3/0le Pa1l are ;rea+he5 0hr316h310 0he4h3le +rea0i3n" an5 0he8 enli6h0en 0he /31l/ 3: men. The mar08r53m 3: hi/ 5ea0h" an5 0he/e;1l+hre 4hi+h (i/ ere+0e5) 37er him" are" e7en 03 0hi/ 5a8" 6rea0l8 an5 a91n5an0l8h3n31re5 in 0he +i08 3: R3me. An5" $ha0 nee5 i/ 0here 4e /h31l5 /a8" 0ha0 0he m35e 3:li:e /e0 1; 98 mean/ 3: 0he Di/+i;le/ 3: 31r Sa7i31r 0hr316h310 0he 4h3le +rea0i3n"==like0he e<hi9i0i3n 3: a 9anner 3: 7i+03r8"==i/ a/ a :am31/ +i08 4hi+h ha/ n30hin6 hi55en4i0hin i0 910 4hi+h i/ in a10h3ri08 in 0he mi5/0 3: all 30her +i0ie/" (an5) a++3r5in6 03 0heen31n+emen0 3: 31r @ Sa7i31r" I! 'ike to a &it) #'a&ed u#on a hi'';" And 0hi/ i/ 0he

7er8 43r5" 4hi+h 0he8 ;rea+he5 re/;e+0in6 0heir ma/0er. I0 4a/ n30" a/ (i:) hi55en 1n5er a 91/hel" 3r 6i7en 1; 03 err3r an5 5arkne//& 910" a/ 1;3n a l3:08 +an5le/0i+k" an5 li:0e5 1;03 an e<al0e5 eminen+e" an5 6i7in6 li6h0 03 all 0ha0 4ere in 0he h31/e 3: 0he 4h3le 43rl5 An5 0hi/" (7i?.) :et )our 'i(ht !o !hine beore -en" e7in+e5 (930h) :3rekn34le56e an5 ;r3;he+8& n30 ;re+e;0 3nl8" 910 al/3 in0ima0i3n 3: 4ha0 /h31l5 +3me 03 ;a//. He :1ll8 033name5 0hem all (here)" 0he li6h0 4hen He /ai5" YE are the 'i(ht o the %or'd." N30" 0ha00he8 4ere man8 li6h0/& 910" 0ha0 0he8 all 036e0her (+3n/0i010e5) 3ne li6h0, a/ i: :r3m ane1ali08G 3: 0hem all" 0here /h31l5 9e a0 3n+e an ari/in6 (3: li6h0 a/ 3: 0he S1n) 03 0he4h3le 43rl5. F3r" i0 4a/ Hi/ al3ne 03 /a8" I AM the 'i(ht o the %or'd." An5 3: Him i0ha/ 9een 0r1l8 /ai5" 0ha0 He i! the 'i(ht that &a-e into the %or'd %hi&h en'i(htenethever) -an." B10" /in+e 0he/e 0hin6/ ha7e 9een 0h1/ :3re03l5" an5 :1l:ille5& 39/er7e h34

He a6ain /;3ke 3:" an5 e<;laine5" 0hem 03 Hi/ Di/+i;le/, That

%hi&h I !a) to )ou indarkne!! !#eak )e in the 'i(ht$ and that %hi&h )e hear in )our ear! #rea&h )e on thehou!eto#!. And ear not tho!e %ho ki'' the bod) but &annot ki'' the !ou'. But ear )e Hi-rather %ho i! ab'e to de!tro) both !ou' and bod) in he''." He al/3 ;r3mi/e5 98 0he/e0hin6/" in 0he 7er8 9e6innin6/ (3: 0he mini/0ra0i3n) 3: Hi/ Di/+i;le/"==4hen 0he8 kne4n30hin6 3: 0hem" 910 4ere a/ i: 0he8 ha5 9een in 0he 5ark"==0he kn34le56e 3: 0he li6h0. He ;r3;he/ie5 al/3" 03 0h3/e (0hen) hearin6 Hi/ ;re+e;0/" 0ha0 0he8 /h31l5 ;rea+h 3;enl8 03all men 0ha0 4hi+h 4a/ (n34) /e+re0" in 5arkne//" an5 in7i/i9le. He 0a16h0 0hem 033" n30













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In that He oreto'd at the out!et to Hi! Di!&i#'e! that He %ou'd -ake the- i!her! o-en& and that the) !hou'd eventua'') o#en') i--ediate') 1and2 throu(h Hi! #o%er-ake Di!&i#'e! o a'' nation!. Fr3m 0he #3/;el 3: Ma00he4.

;. A:0er hi/ re/1rre+0i3n :r3m 0he 5ea5" all 3: 0hem"== 9ein6 036e0her a/ 0he8 ha5 9een+3mman5e5"==4en0 03 #alilee" a/ He ha5 /ai5 03 0hem. B10" 4hen 0he8 /a4 Him" /3me43r/hi;;e5 Him" 910 30her/ 53190e5. B10 He 5re4 near 03 0hem" /;3ke 4i0h 0hem" an5/ai5, A'' #o%er 1both2 in heaven and earth i! (iven to -e o -) ather. ,o )e and -ake

Di!&i#'e! o a'' nation! and ba#ti4e thein the na-e o the ather and o the Son ando the Ho') ,ho!t. And tea&h the- to ob!erve a'' that I have &o--anded )ou. Andbeho'd3 I a- %ith )ou a'%a)! even to the end o the %or'd." O9/er7e n34" in 0he/e0hin6/" 0he +3n/i5era0i3n an5 +a10i3n e7in+e5 98 0he Di/+i;le/, (7i?.) 0ha0 0he8 5i5 n30 all43r/hi; Him 4hen 0he8 /a4 Him. S3me 3: 0hem in5ee5 5i5 0hi/ :ai0h:1ll8 an5 5e730e5l8" 910 30her/ re:raine5 :3r 0he ;re/en0. I0 4a/ n30 ea/il8 an5 /155enl8" 0ha0 0he8 6a7e in 030hi/ mira+le& 910" i0 4a/ a:0er m1+h in7e/0i6a0i3n an5 4i0h e7er8 +a10i3n 0he8 4ere /3 a0la/0 ;er/1a5e5" 0ha0 0he8 4en0 310 03 all mankin5. The8 9e+ame 033" 0he Prea+her/ 3: Hi/ @ Re/1rre+0i3n& 9e+a1/e i0 ha5 ;r3;he0i+all8 /ai5 in 0he S+ri;01re/ 3: 0he Pr3;he0/" inHi/ Per/3n" A!k o -e and I %i'' (ive thee the heathen or thine inheritan&e and 1orth)2 #o!!e!!ion! the utter-o!t #art! o the earth." !1/0 a/ 0he 0e/0im3n8 3: 0hi/

;r3;he+8 ha/ n34 9een :1l:ille5 in :a+0" He /ai5 03 Hi/ Di/+i;le/& A'' #o%er i! (iven to-e a! in heaven !o in earth." F3r" He ha5 ;3//e//e5 0he /37erei6n08 3: 0he 0hin6/ 4hi+hare in hea7en :r3m e0erni08& 910 n34" He /ai5 4a/ 6i7en 03 Him" 98 Hi/ Fa0her" 0h3/e1;3n ear0h" in +3n:3rmi08 4i0h 0hi/ (7i?.) A!k o -e and I %i'' (ive thee the nation! orth) #o!!e!!ion. F3r" :r3m an+ien0 0ime/"==a/ M3/e/ a00e/0/"== The -o!t Hi(h %hendividin( the nation! a##ointed the boundar) o the #eo#'e a&&ordin( to the nu-ber othe an(e'!-." @J S3 0ha0 0he An6el/ 3: #35 4ere" :r3m an+ien0 0ime/" R1ler/ 37er all0ha0 4a/ 3n 0he ear0h. B10" 4hen mankin5 ha5 9een ;er7er0e5 03 0he err3r 3: man8 #35/"an5 0he An6el/" 4h3 4ere 0he R1ler/" 4ere 1na9le 03 a::3r5 an8 reme58 :3r 0hi/& 0he+3mm3n Sa7i31r 3: all Him/el: 0a16h0" 98 mean/ 3: Hi/ Di7ine mani:e/0a0i3n" an5 a:0erHi/ 7i+03r8 37er Dea0h" 0ha0 0he em;ire 3: 0he na0i3n/ 1;3n ear0h" /h31l5 n3 m3re 9e

6i7en 98 hi/ Fa0her 03 0he An6el/" 910 03 Him/el:. An5 3n 0hi/ a++31n0" He +3mman5e5hi/ Di/+i;le/"==n30 :r3m an+ien0 0ime/==910 n34" 0ha0 0he8 /h31l5 make 0he +ir+1i0" an5make Di/+i;le/" 3: all na0i3n/. An5 He ne+e//aril8 a55e5 0he m8/0er8 3: +lean/in6. F3r i04a/ ne+e//ar8 03 0h3/e" 4h3 /h31l5 9e +3n7er0e5 :r3m am3n6 0he hea0hen" 0ha0 0he8/h31l5 9e +lean/e5 98 Hi/ ;34er :r3m e7er8 ;3ll10i3n an5 1n+leanne//& 9e+a1/e 0he8ha5 9een 5e:ile5 98 0he err3r 3: Dem3n/" an5 ha5 9een h3l5en 98 0he 43r/hi; 3: I53l/"an5 98 1n+leanne// 3: e7er8 /3r0" 910 ha5 n34 :ir/0 9een +han6e5 :r3m 0ha0 li:e 3:a93mina0i3n" an5 3: la4le// ;ra+0i+e/. The/e 7er8 ;er/3n/ 0hen" 5i5 He 5ire+0 03 0ea+h"==





















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le6i/la0e"==in 3;;3/i0i3n 03 all 30her e6i/la03r/ an5 %in6/ 0hr316h310 0he 4h3le @ +rea0i3n"===0ha0 4hi+h 4a/ 3;;3/e5 03 0he 0hin6/ 5eli7ere5 03 0hem :r3m all a6e/"re/;e+0in6 0he #35/ 3: 0heir F3re:a0her/. B10 i0 4a/ n30 ;3//i9le :3r 0hem 03 0hink /1+h0hin6/" 4h3 ha5 hear5 0he 73i+e 3: #35 /a8in6 03 0hem" Beho'd I -)!e' a- %ith )oua'%a)!." The8 ha5 033" 3;enl8 7ie4e5 0he #35hea5 3: Him 4h3 /;3ke 4i0h 0hem. I0 ha5 9een /een 03 9e /1;eri3r 03 Dea0h , re/;e+0in6 4hi+h h34e7er 0he8 ha5 en0er0aine5 :ear.On 0he +3n0rar8 0he8 (n34) hear" 0ha0 hen+e:3r0h 0he8 /hall" 4i0h all 0heir /31l" 1n5er63a::li+0i3n/. The8 ha5 n34 0aken 1; :r3m 0heir Ma/0er" 0he +er0ain08 3: li:e a:0er 5ea0h &0he8 4en0 310 0llere:3re" 4i0h +3n:i5en+e 03 make 0he +ir+1i0 3: all na0i3n/" 0ha0 0he8mi6h0 +3n:irm 98 :a+0" 0he ;r3mi/e/ 3: Him 0heir 3r5. B10 He a00a+he5 03 0he ;r3mi/e/ma5e 03 0hem" a m3re e<+ellen0 43r5 & an5"==4ha0 e<+ee5/ all 43n5er"== 0hi/ He /he4/

:3r0h e7en 03 0hi/ ;re/en0 0ime& (7i?.) Beho'd I -)!e' a- %ith )ou a'%a)!" He a55e5al/3" "even to the end o the %or'd" An5 0hi/ a;;lie/" n30 3nl8 03 0hem" 910 al/3 03 all0h3/e 4h3 +ame a:0er 0hem" an5 :r3m 0hem re+ei7e5 Hi/ 53+0rine& an5" 0hen+e:3r4ar5"e7en 03 0hi/ 0ime" i/ He ;re/en0 03 all 0h3/e 4h3 ha7e 9e+3me Hi/ Di/+i;le/. Hen+e" Hi/Ch1r+h" 4hi+h i/ ke;0 98 Him/el:" i/ 5ail8 in+rea/in6 an5 m1l0i;l8in6 03 m8ria5/& an5 98Hi/ P34er /hall i0 9e +3n6re6a0e5" e7en 03 0he en5 3: 0he 43rl5














8n the &onver!ion o a'' nation! to ,od. Fr3m 0he #3/;el 3: 1ke.

<. A6ain" 1;3n an30her 3++a/i3n a:0er Hi/ re/1rre+0i3n :r3m 0he 5ea5" He a;;eare5 03 0he30her 5i/+i;le/" an5 03 0hem"==8e0 53190in6 an5 n30 9elie7in6 in Him"==He ;10 :3r0h an5

/ai5 0he/e 43r5/," GThe!e are the %ord! %hi&h I !aid to )ou %hen I %a! )et %ith )ou$that it i! ne&e!!ar) ever) thin( !hou'd be u'i''ed %hi&h i! %ritten re!#e&tin( -e in the :a% o Mo!e! in the Pro#het! and in the P!a'-!. Then He o#ened their under!tandin(!that the) !hou'd under!tand the S&ri#ture! 9 and He !aid Thu! it %a! ri(ht that 5hri!t !hou'd !uer and that He !hou'd ri!e ro- the dead on the third da)$ and 1that2re#entan&e and re-i!!ion o !in! !hou'd be #rea&hed in Hi! na-e a-on( a'' nation!be(innin( ro- @ 0eru!a'e-. And )e are the %itne!!e! o the!e thin(!." On 3ne3++a/i3n in5ee5" He /ai5" 0ha0 in Hi! na-e !hou'd be #rea&hed re#entan&e to a''nation!." (N34)" i: the Deed 5i5 n30 :3ll34 1;3n the /ord$ nei0her +an Hi/ re/1rre+0i3n:r3m 0he 5ea5 9e +re5i0e5. B10 i:" e7en 1; 03 0hi/ 0ime" 0he 0hin6/ 4hi+h Hi/ ;re5i+0i3n:3re03l5" remain in :a+0" /3 0ha0 Hi/ li7el8" (ener6e0i+) an5 3;era0i7e 43r5 i/ 7i/i9le (in

e::e+0) 0hr316h310 0he 4h3le +rea0i3n 03 31r e8e/& 0hen i/ i0 1n9e+3min6 4e /h31l55i/9elie7e Him 4h3 /;3ke 0hi/. F3r He" 4h3/e ;34er i/ li7in6 (ener6e0i+") 3;era0i7e" an57i/i9le 03 0he e8e/" ;34er:1ll8 im;el/ 1/ :ir/0 3: all 03 +3n:e// 0here1;3n" 0ha0 He i/li7in6& an5 0ha0 He 9rin6/ 03 e::e+0 0he li7in6 0hin6/ 3: #35" 4h3/e li7in6 (a+01al) 5ee5/are /een :1l:illin6 Hi/ 43r5/. The/e Hi/ 43r5/ 0hen" ==9ein6 7arie5 an5 0ran/la0e5 in03 alllan61a6e/" 930h 3: 0he #reek/ an5 0he Bar9arian/"==ha/ He ma5e in0elli6i9le 03 all " /30ha0 Hi/ 53+0rine i/ hear5 98 all na0i3n/" an5 ha/ /0irre5 1; m8ria5/ 3: +3n6re6a0i3n/ 3:0h3/e" 4h3 4ere :3rmerl8 4i+ke5l8 le5 3n in 0he err3r 3: man8 #35/" in 0he 43r/hi; 3:I53l/" an5 in (0he +31r/e 3: li:e) 4hi+h 4a/ 1n9e+3min6" 03 +3n7er/i3n an5 re;en0an+e.He 5i5 n30 +3mman5 0hem :ir/0 03 ;rea+h remi//i3n 3: /in/" an5 0hen re;en0an+e& 910:ir/0" re;en0an+e" an5 0hen remi//i3n. F3r i0 4a/ 03 0h3/e" 4h3 e7in+e5 a /in+ere

re;en0an+e 3: :3rmer /in/" 0ha0 31r Sa7i31r2/ 6ra+e 6a7e 0he ;ar53n 3: 0heir 5ee5/&==3n4h3/e a++31n0 in5ee5 He /1::ere5 Dea0h" an5 6a7e Hi/ /31l a ran/3m :3r 0he /31l/ 3:0h3/e" 4h3 /h31l5 9e /a7e5 0hr316h Him. Th1/ 0here:3re" 0he/e Hi/ 5i/+i;le/"==men r15e3: /;ee+h an5 al036e0her illi0era0e" ;33r an5 nee58" (a/) 0he8 4ere in 0heir +hara+0er"==0r1/0e5 in 0he ;34er 3: Him 4h3 a;;eare5 03 0hem a:0er Dea0h" an5 3;enl8 hel5 +3n7er/e4i0h 0hem. An5 0he8 9e6an :r3m !er1/alem a++3r5in6 03 Hi/ +3mman5/" an5 4en0 :3r0hin03 all na0i3n/& 0he 0hin6/ 033" 4hi+h 0he8 4ere +3mman5e5" 0he8 ;er:3rme5" an5 ;rea+he5 re;en0an+e 03 all men" an5 @ remi//i3n 3: 0he :3rmer /in/ 3: 0he /31l. An5/1+h 4a/ 0he en0ire /1;eri3ri08 4hi+h 0he8 e7in+e5" 0ha0" e7en 03 0he/e 31r 0ime/" 0he53+0rine 3: 0he/e ;33r an5 illi0era0e men" i/ in a+0i7e 3;era0i3n 0hr316h310 0he 4h3le+rea0i3n 3: man. Ho% Hi! a&t! !hou'd be heard and #rea&hed o throu(hout the %ho'e

%or'd. Fr3m 0he #3/;el 3: Ma00he4 an5 3: Mark.

9%. $hen 31r Sa7i31r 4a/ in Be0han8" a 7illa6e n30 :ar :r3m !er1/alem&==ha7in6 9eenin7i0e5 98 3ne 4h3 4a/ (name5) Sim3n" an5 /i00in6 534n 0here &==a +er0ain 43man 033kan ala9a/0er 93< 3: 9al/am (3in0men0)" 4hi+h 4a/ 7er8 ;re+i31/" an5 +ame an5 ;31re5 i0310 1;3n hi/ :ee0, 910 Hi/ Di/+i;le/ :3r9a5e her & +3m;lainin6 3: 4ha0 ha5 ha;;ene5. B10He re+ei7e5 0he 0ilin6 53ne a/ a /i6n" an5 in0ima0e5 0ha0 0hi/ a+0 /h31l5 9e ;rea+he5 3:"an5 hear5" 0hr316h310 0he 4h3le 43rl5. He ;r3;he/ie5 a++3r5in6l8" an5 /ai5, I !a) unto













)ou that %here!oever thi! -) ,o!#e' !ha'' be #rea&hed in the %ho'e %or'd %hatthi! (%o-an) hath done !ha'' a'!o be !#oken o or a -e-oria' o her ." N34 0he/e0hin6/ He :3re03l5" 4hen" a0 0ha0 0ime" 0he 4ri0in6 3: 0he #3/;el ha5 8e0 en0ere5 in03 0hemin5 3: n3ne" n3r ha5 i0 +3me 03 0he hearin6 3: an8. N3r" a/ i0 i/ likel8" ha5 4ha0 4a/

0hen 53ne" 9een learne5 98 an8 4h3 re/i5e5 in 0he nei6h931rh335" 910 98 0h3/e 3nl8 4h34ere ;re/en0. Ne7er0hele//" He le:0 0hi/ 4h3le en31n+emen0 in 43r5" an5 ;r3;he/ie5 0ha00he #3/;el/" 4hi+h /h31l5 9e 4ri00en 98 Hi/ Di/+i;le/" /h31l5 9e ;rea+he5 0hr316h3100he 4h3le 43rl5. An5 03 0he 43r5 He a0 3n+e al/3 /1;era55e5 0he 5ee5" an5 /ai5" 0ha04i0h Hi/ a+0/ /h31l5 9e 4ri00en in 0he #3/;el" an5 /;3ken 3: 0hr316h310 0he 4h3le 43rl5"e7en 0ha0 4hi+h ha5 9een 53ne 98 0hi/ 43man" :3r a mem3rial 3: her,==4hi+h /ame 0hin6ha/ (n34) 9een /een +3n:irme5 98 Him in 7er8 5ee5 F3r 0here i/ nei0her ;e3;le" re6i3n"n3r ;la+e" in 4hi+h 0he mem3rial 3: 0hi/ 43man" a/ re+3r5e5 in 0he #3/;el" ha/ n30 9eenmen0i3ne5& an5" 036e0her" 4i0h 0he 53+0rine re/;e+0in6 Him" i/ i0 ;rea+he5 0hr316h3100he @- 4h3le 43rl5.==O: 0he 0hin6/ 0here:3re" re/;e+0in6 0hi/ (#3/;el") an5 re/;e+0in6Hi/ Ch1r+h" hear (n34) h34 He ma5e Hi/ ;r3mi/e/ , ==

Ho% He -entioned Hi! &hur&h b) na-e %hen )et it had no e+i!ten&e9 and ho% Hede&'ared that the (ate! o He'' !hou'd never #revai' a(ain!t it. Fr3m 0he #3/;el 3:Ma00he4.

99. $hen a/kin6 Hi/ Di/+i;le/ 3n a +er0ain 3++a/i3n" 4ha0 men /ai5 3: Him" an5 0he8an/4erin6 a++3r5in6 03 0he 3;ini3n 3: 0he man8" He a/ke5 0hem 0he /e+3n5 0ime" But - %hat !a) )e;" an5" 4hen Sim3n ha5 /ai5 1n03 Him" Thou art the 5hri!t o the'ivin( ,od" He an/4ere5 him" an5 /ai5 , B'e!!ed art thou Si-on !on o 0ona! !in&e 'e!h and b'ood hath not revea'ed 1thi!2 to thee but -) ather %ho i! in heaven. And Ia'!o !a) to thee Thou art 5e#ha!9 and u#on thi! ro&k do I bui'd -) 5hur&h and the

(ate*bar! o He'' !ha'' not #revai' a(ain!t it . The (0erm) thi!" He 033k (a/im;l8in6) the kno%'ed(e 0ha0 He %a! the Me!!iah 0he S3n 3: 0he li7in6 #35 &an5 5e#ha! (0he r3+k)" 9e+a1/e i0 /h31l5 nei0her be rent n3r -oved. I0 i/ n30 1nlikel8" 0ha0He name5 (in) THIS @- 0he 4h3le /en/e +3m;ri/e5 here. On 0hi/ a++31n0 033" He5e/i6na0e5 0ha0 /ame Di/+i;le" 4h3 ha5 :3rmerl8 9een +alle5 Sim3n" 5e#ha! (Pe0er)"4i0h re:eren+e 03 thi! kno%'ed(e$ (an5) 3: 4hi+h He a:0er4ar5/ ;r3;he/ie5" an5 /ai5,8n thi! ro&k do I bui'd -) 5hur&h and the (ate*bar! o He'' !ha'' not #revai' a(ain!tit." He :3re03l5 a0 3n+e /3me0hin6 03 +3me 03 ;a//" an5 ;r3mi/e5" 0ha0 Him/el: 431l5 91il5 i0 (0he Ch1r+h)" an5 9rin6 0he 43rk 03 +3m;le0i3n" 98 0he 0hin6/ 3:0hi/ kno%'ed(e 4hi+h ha5 n34 9een @- 6i7en +3n+ernin6 Him/el:& 0ha0 i0 /h31l5 9ema5e :irm a/ 3n a +3n:irme5 :31n5a0i3n & an5 0ha0 Hi/ Ch1r+h /h31l5 9e 91il0" /3lel8 98

mean/ 3: Hi/ 34n ;34er 4hi+h i/ e7erla/0in6" an5 0ha0 0he 6a0e/ 3: Hell /h31l5 ne7er37er+3me i0. He him/el: a::3r5e5 a ;r33: (3: 0hi/) in 0he :1l:ilmen0" 9e00er 0han an8 (0ha0)43r5/ (+an 6i7e). F3r inn1mera9le ;er/e+10i3n/" an5 man8 :3rm/ 3: 5ea0h" ha7e /;r1n61; a6ain/0 Hi/ Ch1r+h" 910 in n30hin6 +31l5 0he8 ;re7ail a6ain/0 i0. He ha/ 0here:3re"3;enl8 +3n:irme5 0he en31n+emen0 3: Hi/ ;re5i+0i3n" 98 5ee5/& i0/ 0r10h He ha/ /he4n" 98 0he :1l:ilmen0. The Ch1r+h 033" 4hi+h He +alle5 0he +3n6re6a0i3n" a9310 03 9e /e0 1;in Hi/ name" e7in+e5 n3 /mall :3rekn34le56e, :3r 0he +3n6re6a0i3n/ 3: 0he !e4/ ha5 9een 0erme5 S)na(o(ue!$ an5" 51rin6 0he 0ime 3: Hi/ 63in6 a9310 am3n6 men" He



















:re1en0e5 0he S8na6361e 3: 0he !e4/. N3r 4a/ 0here hi0her03" /3 m1+h a/ 3neS8na6361e 3nl8" /e0 a;ar0 03 Him. An5" $h3 i/ n30 a/03ni/he5" 0ha0 He /3 :3rekne4 0h3/e+3n6re6a0i3n/ 4hi+h /h31l5 a:0er4ar5/ 9e /e0 1;" a0 a 6rea0 5i/0an+e 3: 0ime" in Hi/name" an5" 0ha0 He /h31l5 n30 name 0hem" a:0er 0he !e4i/h

+1/03m" S)na(o(ue! 910 5hur&he! ; He a55e5 033" 0ha0 0he 6a0e=9ar/ 3: Hell /h31l5 n30 ;re7ail a6ain/0 0hem,== 0hin6/" 4hi+h 4e ;er+ei7e 4i0h 31r 34n e8e/ N3r /h31l5 4e43n5er a0 0he ;re5i+0i3n 3nl8" 910 al/3 a0 Hi/ ;r3mi/e" namel8" I bui'd -) 5hur&h u#onthe ro&k and the (ate*bar! o He'' !ha'' not #revai' a(ain!t it , 4hi+h i/ (all) /3 9r316h0near in :a+0" 0ha0 4e +an /ee i0 F3r i0 4a/ n30 98 0he ;34er 3: men" n3r 8e0 98 0he/1;eri3ri08 3: 0he Tea+her/ (em;l38e5)" 0ha0 Hi/ Ch1r+h 4a/ rai/e5 & 910" i0 4a/ He 4h3 ;r3mi/e5" an5 in 5ee5 :1l:ille5 Hi/ ;r3mi/e ==He (I /a8) 4h3 1; 03 0hi/ 0ime ha/" 98 0heDi7ine P34er" 91il0 1;" an5 enlar6e5" Hi/ Ch1r+h 0hr316h310 0he 4h3le +rea0i3n 3:man

8n the divi!ion! %hi&h are in Hou!e! and a-i'ie! u# to thi! ti-e on a&&ount o Hi!

do&trine. Fr3m 0he #3/;el 3: Ma00he4.

92. - Think not that I a- &o-e to !end orth #ea&e u#on earth 9 I a- not &o-e to !end orth #ea&e but a !%ord. or I a- &o-e to divide a -an a(ain!t hi! ather @-- and the Dau(hter a(ain!t her Mother and the Dau(hter in 'a% a(ain!t her Mother in 'a% 9 andthe ene-ie! o a -an 1!ha'' be2 tho!e o hi! o%n hou!e. (Or)" a/ 1ke en31n+e5 (i0) & - Think )e then that I a- &o-e to !end orth #ea&e on earth ; I !a) unto )ou No $ butdivi!ion!. or there !ha'' be hen&eorth ive in one hou!e %ho 1!ha'' be2 divided threea(ain!t t%o and t%o a(ain!t three. And the ather !ha'' be divided a(ain!t hi! Son andthe Son a(ain!t hi! ather$ and the Mother !ha'' be divided a(ain!t her Dau(hter andthe Dau(hter a(ain!t her Mother$ and the Mother in 'a% a(ain!t her Dau(hter in 'a% $

and the Dau(hter in 'a% a(ain!t her Mother in 'a% . An5" $h3 i/ n30 a/03ni/he5" 0ha00he 0hin6/ 4hi+h /h31l5 0ake ;la+e in e7er8 in5i7i51al h31/e" in 0ime/ :ar rem37e5 (:r3m0h3/e 3: 0he ;re5i+0i3n)" an5 e7en 1; 03 0hi/ 0ime" 5i5 n30 remain hi55en 03 0he:3rekn34le56e 3: 31r Sa7i31r F3r He :3re03l5 03 Hi/ 5i/+i;le/" 0he 0hin6/ 4hi+h 1; 030hi/ 0ime are 0akin6 ;la+e" >1/0 a/ 3ne ;re/en0 03 0he 0hin6/ 0hem/el7e/" an5 makin6 0he+ir+1i0 3: 0he 54ellin6/ 3: all 0he +hil5ren 3: men ,==0hin6/ 4hi+h hi0her03 ha7e n30e<i/0e5" n3r 5i5 0he8 a0 0he ;eri35 in 4hi+h He en31n+e5 0he/e 43r5/. N3r" 4ere 0here 8e0an8 /1+h 53in6/& 0he8 4ere 0hen hear5 3nl8 in 0he ear. B10 n34" 0ha0 0he ;re5i+0i3n ha/ in:a+0 +3me 03 i0/ +3m;le0i3n" an5 i/ 7i/i9le 03 0he e8e/" H34 +an an8 3ne" 4h3 431l50hink >1/0l8" 910 +3n:e// 0ha0 0he8 are in 0r10h 0he 43r5/ 3: #35 An5 a6ain in 0he/e0hin6/ al/3"=="or I a- &o-e to divide and to !end orth a !%ord and divi!ion! a-on(

the &hi'dren o -en""**4e like4i/e /ee 4i0h 31r 34n e8e/" 0ha0 n3 43r5 3: man" ei0her 3: ;hil3/3;her 3r ;r3;he0" 4he0her #reek 3r Bar9arian" e7er /he4e5 :3r0h ;34er /1+h a/0hi/" 0ha0 he /h31l5 /3 h3l5 0he 4h3le +rea0i3n" 0ha0 0here /h31l5 9e 5i7i/i3n/ in e7er8h31/e& 0ha0 he /h31l5 ;a// 0hr316h an5 5i/0in61i/h e7er8 ra+e" 0hr316h310 all 0heir:amilie/ & an5" 0ha0 3: 0he/e /3me /h31l5 9e +3n/i5ere5 a/ hi/ 34n" an5 30her/ a/ 3;;3/e503 0he/e B10 i0 4a/ 31r Sa7i31r al3ne" an5 0hi/ $ORD OF #OD" 4h3 ;r3mi/e5 03 530hi/" an5 He +3n:irme5 0he ;r3mi/e" in 7er8 5ee5 The +a1/e 0here:3re" 3: 0he 5i7i/i3n/3: /31l 0ha0 +ame 03 @- ;a// in h31/e/ He Him/el: 0a16h0" a/ 4e ha7e :31n5 in a ;la+e












in 0he #3/;el e<i/0in6 am3n6 0he !e4/ in 0he He9re4 lan61a6e--" in 4hi+h i0 i/ /ai5, I%i'' !e'e&t to -)!e' the!e thin(!9 ver) ver) e+&e''ent are tho!e %ho- -) ather %ho i!in heaven ha! (iven to -e. An5" 3ne ma8 learn :r3m 0hi/" h34 in e7er8 h31/e in 4hi+h0he 43r5 3: !e/1/ /h31l5 ;re7ail" 0he e<+ellen0 431l5 9e 5i/0in61i/he5 :r3m 0he 7ile. F3r"

i: a man make a +3m;ari/3n am3n6 9r30her/" 3r /er7an0/" 3r in :amilie/ 6enerall8" a/ 030he +1/03m/" :3rm/" manner 3: li:e" an5 0he ;1ri08 an5 meekne// 3: 0h3/e" 4h3 ha7e+h3/en 0he 53+0rine 3: 31r Sa7i31r&==:3r 0hi/ i/ @-J 4ha0 i/ mean0 98 tho!e %ho havebeen !e'e&ted b) Hi- 9** an5" 3: 0h3/e 4h3 ha7e n30 8e0 9e+3me 43r0h8 3: Him & ==he4ill ;er+ei7e 4ha0 /3r0 3: ;34er 0ha0 i/" 3: 4hi+h He ha/ ma5e 1/e& an5" 0ha0 He 5i5 n303nl8 :3re0el 4ha0 /h31l5 +3me 03 ;a//" 910 0ha0 He ha/" a++3r5in6 03 0he ;re5i+0i3n" al/3 9r316h0 0he 43rk/ 03 ;a// , an5" 4i0h 30her 0hin6/" 0he/e al/3 in 4hi+h i0 i/ 4ri00en 0ha0He /ai5" I %i'' !e'e&t to -)!e' the- ver) e+&e''ent tho!e %ho- -) ather %ho i! inheaven ha! (iven to -e." Ne7er0hele//" (4ha0 He) n34 (/ai5)" I a- not &o-e to !end orth #ea&e on earth" 4i0h 30her 0hin6/" He e<;laine5 03 0he Di/+i;le/ 0hem/el7e/ an5/ai5& I 'eave #ea&e %ith )ou -) o%n #ea&e (ive I unto )ou9 it i! not a! the %or'd (iveth

#ea&e that I a'!o !o (ive #ea&e." I0 4a/ 0he kn34le56e an5 l37e 3: #35" 4hi+h He ha5 ;re;are5 :3r Hi/ 5i/+i;le/ & an5 0hi/" 0ha0 0he /31l /h31l5 n30 9e ;er01r9e5. An5 in 0hi/4a8" He name5 0he li6h0" an5 +3n:irma0i3n 3: 0he min5. The/e 0hin6/ 0here:3re He:3re03l5" an5 al/3 re/;e+0in6 0he/e (men) , 910" 3: 0h3/e 4hi+h He :3rekne4 an5 :3re03l5re/;e+0in6 0he !e4i/h Pe3;le" (0he 0ime) i/ a0 han5 0ha0 4e /h31l5 en1ire.

8n the thin(! %hi&h He #ro#he!ied a(ain!t the 0e%i!h #eo#'e in #arab'e!. Fr3m 0he#3/;el 3: Ma00he4.

9#. $hen 0he R1ler/ 3: 0he !e4i/h ;e3;le" 0he +hie: Prie/0/" an5 0he D3+03r/ 3: 0he a4"4ere a//em9le5 036e0her in !er1/alem" an5 He 4a/ in 0he Tem;le& He :3re03l5 +37er0l8

an5 98 ;ara9le" 0he 0hin6/ 0he8 4ere a9310 03 5are a6ain/0 Him" an5 0he 5e/0r1+0i3n4hi+h /h31l5 37er0ake 0hem 3n a++31n0 3: 0hi/ 5arin6" in 0hi/ manner , There %a! -Ja&ertain -a!ter o a hou!e (4h3) #'anted a vine)ard and !urrounded it %ith a en&e anddi((ed a %ine*#re!! therein and bui't in it a to%er and de'ivered it to hu!band-en andde#arted. And %hen the ruit*!ea!on dre% @-G near he !ent hi! !ervant! to thehu!band-en that the) -i(ht brin( to hi- the ruit. But the!e hu!band-en !ei4ed hi! !ervant! and !o-e o the- the) !-ote and !o-e the) !toned and !o-e the) ki''ed. Anda(ain he !ent other !ervant! -ore than the or-er$ and to the!e the) did in 'ike-anner. But at 'a!t he !ent hi! Son and !aid Sure') the) %i'' reveren&e -) Son. Butthe!e hu!band-en %hen the) !a% the Son !aid a-on( the-!e've! 9 Thi! i! hi! heir $&o-e 'et u! ki'' hi- and the inheritan&e %i'' be our!. So the) took hi- and &a!t hi- out

o the vine)ard and ki''ed hi-. /hen thereore the :ord o the vine)ard !ha'' &o-e/hat !ha'' he do to tho!e hu!band-en; The) !a) to hi- he !ha'' -o!t -i!erab') de!tro)the-$ and hi! vine)ard he !ha'' de'iver to other hu!band-en %ho !ha'' render hi- the ruit! in their !ea!on!. 0e!u! hi-!e' !aid to the- Have )e never read in theS&ri#ture 2The !tone %hi&h the bui'der! re7e&ted ha! be&o-e the &hie &orner !tone othe bui'din(9 Thi! i! o the :ord and it i! a -ira&'e in our e)e!; /hereore I !a) unto )ou The kin(do- o ,od !ha'' be taken ro- )ou and !ha'' be (iven to a #eo#'e %hi&h !ha'' render the ruit!" (0here3:.) An5 0hi/ ;ara9le i/ 3: a /3r0 4i0h 0ha0" 4hi+h i/ in 0he














Pr3;he0 I/aiah" 4hi+h i/ (6i7en) in 0hi/ manner, M) be'oved had a vine)ard on the horno a at #'a&e. And he &u'tivated it and !urrounded it %ith a en&e and #'anted in itvine! and bui't a To%er %ithin it. He a'!o -ade a %ine*#re!! in it. And he e+#e&ted thatit %ou'd #rodu&e (ra#e!$ but it #rodu&ed %i'd (ra#e! . B10 0hi/ 0ha0 i/ in 0he Pr3;he0"

a++1/e/ 0he 7ine8ar5& 4hi+h he 0h1/ in0er;re0/" a/ 03 4h3 4a/ (reall8) in0en5e5" 4hen he/a8/" or the vine)ard o the :ord o ho!t! i! the hou!e that i! in I!rae' and the -en o 0udah are 1Hi!2 one be'oved #'ant. I 'ooked or 7ud(-ent but there %a! ra#ine$ and orri(hteou!ne!! but beho'd ho%'in(3"

9$. The ;ara9le 0hen" /;3ken 98 31r Sa7i31r" 4a/ /3 like 03 0ha0 3: 0he Pr3;he0" 0ha0 i04a/ kn34n 03 ;3in0 310 0h3/e 4h3 4ere ;re/en0 an5 hear5 (i0). B10" i0 4a/ n30 3: 0he7ine8ar5 0ha0 i0 4a/ /;3ken" 9e+a1/e 0he Pr3;he0 @- ha5 alrea58 ma5e hi/ ;re5i+0i3n 3:0hi/. The 0hin6/ h34e7er" 4hi+h 4ere n30 men0i3ne5 in 0he Pr3;he0" He /1;;lie5 in Hi/ ;ara9le, 0h3/e" I /a8" 4hi+h re/;e+0e5 0he h1/9an5men 3: 0he 7ine8ar5& an5 0he/e 4ere0he El5er/ 3: 0he ;e3;le" 0he +hie: Prie/0/" 0he R1ler/" an5 D3+03r/, 0h3/e" 4h3 in5ee5

4ere 0he +a1/e 03 0he 4h3le +3n6re6a0i3n" 0ha0 0he8 /h31l5 ren5er e7il :r1i0" an5" 3n4h3/e a++31n0" 0he 7ine8ar5 i0/el: 4a/ le:0 03 5e/0r1+0i3n. Tha0 i/" 0he 4h3le 3: 0heir ;e3;le" 4i0h 0heir :en+e" 4a/ r330e5 1;& 0h3/e 4h3 :3rmerl8 +3n0en5e5 :3r 0he ;e3;le"an5 4a0+he5 37er 0he ;e3;le" 036e0her 4i0h 0heir ;la+e. The T34er 0ha0 4a/ in i0" 4a/ 0heTem;le& 0he 4ine=;re//" 0he Al0ar. An5 all 0he/e 4ere 0here:3re" 4h3ll8 0aken a4a8" e7en03 0heir :31n5a0i3n/ & 9e+a1/e 0he h1/9an5men ha5 9e+3me ;3ll10e5 4i0h 9l335 & 0h3/e (I/a8)" 4h3 ha5 3;enl8 /lain 0he /er7an0/ :ir/0 an5 la/0& 0h3/e Pr3;he0/" 4h3 ha5" 0ime a:0er0ime" 9een /en0 1n03 0hem. The Ol5 Te/0amen0 al/3 6i7e/ i0/ 0e/0im3n8 (30her4i/e) 03 0hi/ma00er& an5" 3: 0he Pr3;he0/" Elia/ 4h3 in hi/ ;ra8er 03 #35 /a8/" :ord the) have !'ainth) Pro#het! and broken do%n th) A'tar9 and I a- 'et a'one and the) !eek to take -)'ie-G." O: 0he/e 0hin6/ 0here:3re 53e/ 0hi/ Pr3;he0" 98 hi/ ;ra8er" a++1/e 0he r1ler/ 3: 0he

!e4i/h ;e3;le. The/e h34e7er" 0he ;3ll10i3n 3: 0he Pr3;he0/2 9l335 ha5 n30 /a0i/:ie5" an5a0 la/0 0he8 /le4 0he S3n him/el:" 0ha0 i/" the Son o ,od3 N3r 4a/ i0 0ha0 0he8 kne4 Himn30& 910" 4hen 0he8 kne4 :1ll8 an5 a++1ra0el8" 0ha0 He 4a/ 0he heir The/e 0hin6/ 0hen"31r Sa7i31r Him/el: 5eli7ere5 98 ;ara9le" re/;e+0in6 Him/el:" 9e:3re Hi/ /1::erin6. Heal/3 :3re03l5"==98 Hi/ :3rekn34le56e" 4ha0 /h31l5 +3me 03 ;a//& (7i?.) 0he/e 0hin6/ 4hen4alkin6 in 0he Tem;le"==03 0h3/e h1/9an5men 3: 0he 7ine8ar5 3: Hi/ 0ime/" 0he Chie:Prie/0/" 0he D3+03r/" an5 0he re/0 3: 0h3/e 4h3 4ere a0 0he hea5 3: 0he ;e3;le. An5 m1+h(an5) 3;enl8 5i5 He" in 0he ;ara9le" ;re;are 0hem 03 ;r3n31n+e +3n5emna0i3n a6ain/00hem/el7e/ , a/kin6 0hem in 0he +l3/e 3: 0he ;ara9le" an5 /a8in6" /hat !ha'' the :ord othe vine)ard %hen He &o-e! do to tho!e hu!band-en;" @- An5 0he8" n30 8e01n5er/0an5in6 0ha0 i0 ha5 9een /;3ken 3: 0hem/el7e/" 6a7e >156men0 a6ain/0 0hem/el7e/"

/a8in6" He !ha'' -o!t -i!erab') de!tro) the- and !ha'' (ive u# the vine)ard to otherhu!band-en %ho !ha'' render to Hi- the ruit! in their !ea!on!. !e/1/ 0hen /ai5 03 0hem, - Have )e never read in the !&ri#ture! The !tone %hi&h the bui'der! re7e&ted ha!be&o-e the &hie &orner (/03ne) o the bui'din(9 Thi! i! ro- the :ord and i! a -ira&'e inour e)e! Ver8 +3n/i/0en0l8 a:0er 0he ;re5i+0i3n 3: Hi/ 5ea0h" He ;3in0e5 310" :r3m 0he0e/0im3n8 3: 0he ;r3;he0/" Hi/ 34n re/1rre+0i3n :r3m 0he 5ea5. F3r He ha5 ;re7i31/l80a16h0" 0ha0 0he S3n 3: 0he 3r5 3: 0he 7ine8ar5 /h31l5 9e /lain 98 0he 4i+ke5h1/9an5men" an5 ha5 390aine5 :r3m 0hem/el7e/ (0heir 34n) +3n5emna0i3n. A:0er 0ha0"













He 9r316h0 0hi/ :3r4ar5 , The !tone %hi&h the bui'der! re7e&ted ha! be&o-e the &hie&orner 1!tone2 o the bui'din(9" 4hi+h" in 0he ;r3;he+8" ha5 9een 6i7en 98 4a8 3: ;ara9le 3n Hi/ re/1rre+0i3n. F3r"==a:0er He ha5 9een re>e+0e5 98 0h3/e h1/9an5men 4h34ere al/3 0he 91il5er/" He (I /a8)" 4h3 4a/ (a/) a ;re+i31/ /03ne" an5 3: 4h3m 0he

Pr3;he0 I/aiah /a8/" - Beho'd I 'a) in ?ion a &hoi&e and #re&iou! !tone the &hie&orner (/03ne) o the oundation9 And he %ho be'ieveth in it !ha'' not be a!ha-ed "**He 9e+ame 0he +hie: +3rner (/03ne) 3: an30her 91il5in6" 3: 4hi+h 0he (5i7ine) 43r5 ha/ /ai5,- And thi! i! a -ira&'e in our e)e!, 98 4hi+h He mean0 Hi/ Ch1r+h. An5 0h1/5e/er7e5l8 5i5 He" a++3r5in6 03 0heir 34n >156men0 3n 0hem/el7e/" re;a8 0hem" /a8in6" The kin(do- o ,od !ha'' be taken ro- )ou and !ha'' be (iven to a #eo#'e that %i''render the ruit!" (0here3:) , 4hi+h +3rre/;3n5/ 03 0hi/ 5e+lara0i3n (alrea58) men0i3ne5"(7i?.) "ro- the-$" 0ha0 He 431l5 (ive the vine)ard to other hu!band-en %ho !hou'drender to Hi- the ruit! in their !ea!on!." F3r He name5 0he "kin(do- o ,od" 0h3/e39/er7an+e/ in 4hi+h 0he 43r/hi; 3: #35 +3n/i/0e5& an5 0he/e He5e+lare5" /h31l5 9e0aken a4a8 :r3m 0h3/e h1/9an5men, an5 (0hi/) He ha/ m3/0 3;enl8 /he4n" an5 9r316h0

03 e::e+0& @- 6i7in6 (0he 7ine8ar5) 03 an30her ;e3;le" 4hi+h 53e/ 9rin6 :3r0h i0/ :r1i0/.An5 0hi/ i/ 0he Chri/0ian ;e3;le" 4hi+h 53+/" 0hr316h310 0he 4h3le +rea0i3n" 9rin6 :3r0h0he :r1i0/" 0ha0 are 930h +3n:3rma9le" an5 /1i0a9le" 03 0he 39/er7an+e/ 3: #35& an5 /he4/0hi/ 5ail8" 930h in 43r5/ an5 43rk/.

8n the re7e&tion o the 0e%! at on&e and the &a''in( o the ,enti'e!9 a'!o on tho!e %ho !hou'd un%orthi') be (athered into Hi! 5hur&h $ and on the end o the!e Fr3m 0he#3/;el 3: Ma00he4.

9!. A:0er 0he Para9le 4hi+h ha/ alrea58 9een men0i3ne5" 0he 43r5 3: 0he Di7ineS+ri;01re /0a0e/" 0ha0 /hen the &hie Prie!t! and Phari!ee! had heard Hi! #arab'e!

the) kne% that He !#ake a(ain!t the-!e've! and the) !ou(ht to take Hi-9 but the) eared the #eo#'e be&au!e the) he'd Hi- a! a Pro#het. And 0e!u! an!%ered the-and !aid a(ain in a #arab'e9 The kin(do- o heaven i! 'ike to a(+er0ain) -an a kin(%ho -ade a (marria6e) ea!t or hi! !on and !ent hi! !ervant! to &a'' tho!e %ho had beenbidden to the ea!t$ but the) %ou'd not &o-e. And a(ain he !ent out other !ervant! and&o--anded the- to !a) to tho!e %ho had been bidden9 Beho'd -) dinner i! read) -) atted o+en are !'ain and ever) thin( i! #re#ared or )ou 9 5o-e to the ea!t. But the)di!re(arded and %ent a%a) 8ne to the vi''a(e 1ar-2 and Another to 1hi!2 -er&handi!e. But the) %ho re-ained !ei4ed hi! !ervant! and abu!ed and !'e% 1the-2. And the kin(%a! enra(ed and !ent hi! ar-) and !'e% tho!e -urderer! and burnt u# their &it). Hethen !aid to hi! !ervant! M) dinner i! read) but tho!e %ho %ere bidden %ere un%orth)

o it. ,o )e out thereore into the %a)! and #ath! and ever) one that )e ind &a'' to the ea!t. So tho!e !ervant! %ent out into the %a)! and the) brou(ht to(ether a'' the) &ou'd ind (930h) bad and (ood." N34" in 0he :3rmer Para9le" 0he Vine8ar5" 0he T34er" 0he$ine;re//" an5 0he H1/9an5men" 4ere e7il, an5 0he /er7an0/ @ /en0" :ir/0 an5 la/0"4ere kille5. An5" a0 la/0" e7en 0he S3n 3: 0he 3r5 3: 0he 7ine8ar5 4a/ him/el: /lain , 984hi+h 4ere ;3in0e5 310" 0he Pe3;le" 0he Tem;le" 0he Al0ar" an5 0he R1ler/ 3: 0he !e4/&an5 al/3 0h3/e 4i+ke5 h1/9an5men" 4h3" /0an5in6 a0 0he hea5 3: 0he ;e3;le" /le4 930h

















0he :3rmer an5 la00er Pr3;he0/" an5 a0 la/0 0he S3n 3: #35 Him/el:

9. N34 0he Para9le 9e:3re 31r e8e/" 397i31/l8 in0r351+e/ 0he :amiliar :ea/0" an5 9rin6in6 036e0her" 3: 0he Bri5e6r33m an5 Bri5e" 4i0h a marria6e=/1;;er, an5 a6ain 0he

/er7an0/ al/3" 4h3 are here 5e/0r38e5 an5 /lain" an5 0he :3rmer an5 la00er ;er/3n/ 9i55en.B8 mean/ 3: 0he/e a6ain" He ;3in0/ 310 +37er0l8" 0he 0hin6/ 0ha0 ha;;ene5 a:0er Hi/re/1rre+0i3n :r3m 0he 5ea5. F3r 0he Bri5e6r33m i/" THE $ORD OF #OD & 0he Bri5e" 0hera0i3nal /31l" 4hi+h i/ a//3+ia0e5 4i0h Him" an5 re+ei7e/ 0he Di7ine /ee5 0ha0 i/ 3: Him.An5 (0hi/) Di7ine an5 ra0i3nal a//3+ia0i3n" (re;re/en0/) 0ha0 3: Hi/ Ch1r+h , an5"+3n/e1en0 1;3n 0he/e 0hin6/" 0he ra0i3nal :ea/0 an5 marria6e /1;;er" (re;re/en0) 0heDi7ine an5 hea7enl8 alimen0/ (/3 ;re;are5). He 53e/ n30 here /;eak 3: 0he in7i0in6/er7an0/" 4i0h re:eren+e 03 0h3/e 4h3 4ere :3rmerl8 /en0 03 0he 7ine8ar5" 910" 4i0hre:eren+e 03 0he la00er 3ne/. F3r 0h3/e 4ere 0he Pr3;he0/& 910 0he/e" Hi/ 34n A;3/0le/"4h3 4ere /en0 :3r0h 03 make 0he +all" (an5) :ir/0" 3: 0h3/e 4h3 4ere 3: 0he +ir+1m+i/i3n.F3r" 4hen He :ir/0 /en0 0he/e :3r0h" He +har6e5 0hem" /a8in6" Into the %a) o the

,enti'e! (o )e not$ and into a &it) o the Sa-aritan! enter )e not$ but rather (o )e to the%anderin( !hee# o the hou!e o I!rae' . The/e /ame ;er/3n/ 0here:3re" 0he /er7an0/ 5i5:ir/0 in7i0e& 910" 4hen 0he8 hearkene5 n30 03 0he +all" He /en0 al/3" 0he /e+3n5 0ime" man8E7an6eli/0/ an5 Prea+her/ 3: 0he #3/;el & 0h3/e 4h3m He +h3/e" a:0er 0he 04el7eA;3/0le/" 0he /e7en08 30her Di/+i;le/" 4h3 al/3 :ir/0 ;rea+he5 0he #3/;el 03 0he !e4i/h ;e3;le" an5 +alle5 0hem 03 0he :ea/0 3: 0he Ne4 Te/0amen0. B10 0he8 a7aile5 n30hin6" 9e+a1/e 0he8" 4h3 ha5 9een 9i55en" 4ere 91/ie5 4i0h 0heir mer+han5i/e& an5 4h3" a:0er0he8 ha5 hear5 0he @ +all 3: 0he /er7an0/" a91/e5 /3me" an5 kille5 30her/. An5 i0 i/ in31r ;34er 03 :in5 :r3m 0he S+ri;01re/" h34 man8 3: 0he Di/+i;le/ 3: 31r Sa7i31r 0he8a:0er4ar5/ kille5" 930h in !er1/alem an5 in 0he re/0 3: !15ea. S0e;hen 0hen 4a/" in 0he:ir/0 ;la+e" :3r0h4i0h /lain 98 0hem 98 /03nin6. A:0er him" !ame/ 0he 9r30her 3: !3hn-.

An5 a6ain a:0er 0hem" he 4h3 :ir/0 +h3/e (03 a++e;0) 0he 0hr3ne

3: 0he Ch1r+h 3: 0ha0 ;la+e" !ame/ 4h3 4a/ +alle5 0he Br30her 3: 31r 3r5, 4h3m" 3n a++31n0 3: hi/ 6rea0e<+ellen+e" 0he8 +alle5 the 0u!t J. Him 033" 0he !e4/ 3: 0h3/e 0ime/ kille5 98 /03nin6.H34 0he8 a91/e5 0he A;3/0le/ 98 /0ri;e/" 0he B33k 3: 0he A+0/ rela0e/. An5 0he/e 0hin6/5i5 He" 98 Hi/ 5i7ine kn34le56e" :3re0el 9e:3re 0he8 ha;;ene5& He al/3 :3re03l5 0he0hin6/ 4hi+h /h31l5 9e:all 0hem :r3m 0he !e4/. B8 mean/ 3: a ;ara9le 033" He ;re5i+0e54ha0 /h31l5 +3me 03 ;a// 9e:3re 0he/e 0hin6/ 033k ;la+e" 98 0he/e e<;re//i3n/" (7i?.)The kin( %a! enra(ed" a0 0he a91/e an5 /la16h0er 3: hi/ /er7an0/" and !ent hi! ar-)and !'e% tho!e -urderer! and burnt u# their &it) . An5" $ha0 +an 9e m3re 397i31/ 0han0hi/ :3rekn34le56e" an5 0he :1l:ilmen0 3: 0he 0hin6/ 0hem/el7e/ (/3 ;re5i+0e5) F3r 0hearm8 3: 0he R3man/ +ame /33n a:0er" an5 033k 0he +i08" an5 5e/0r38e5 0he Tem;le i0/el:

98 :ire. An5" 3: $h3m 4a/ i0" e<+e;0 3: Him 4h3 i/ %in6 3: all" #35 37er all" 0ha0 i0 4a/0h1/ /ai5" 0ha0 the in( !ha'' !end hi! ar-) and !ha'' !'a) tho!e -urderer! and !ha''burn u# their @ &it) T3 0hi/ 7er8 0ime in5ee5" 0he remnan0/ 3: 0he +3n:la6ra0i3n4hi+h 033k ;la+e in 7ari31/ ;ar0/ 3: 0he +i08" are 397i31/ 03 0he /i6h0 3: 0h3/e 4h3 0ra7el0hi0her. B10" h34 0h3/e m1r5erer/ 3: 0he A;3/0le/ 4ere 0aken in 0he re51+0i3n (3: 0he+i08)" an5 /1::ere5 0he ;1ni/hmen0 4hi+h 0he8 5e/er7e5" i0 i/ n30 ne+e//ar8 4e /h31l5/a8" a/ 0he 0hin6/ 4hi+h 4ere 53ne 03 0hem" ma8 rea5il8 9e :31n5 in 0he re+3r5 3: 0heR3man/G 98 Fla7i1/ !3/e;h1/. A:0er 0he /la16h0er 3: 0he/e 0here:3re" an5 0he re51+0i3n





















3: 0he me0r3;3li/ 3: 0heir kin653m" 0he8"==4h3 remaine5 3: 0h3/e /er7an0/ 0ha0 ha5 :ir/0hear5 i0 /ai5 98 0heir 3r5" The) %ho %ere ir!t &a''ed %ere not %orth)$ but (o )e outinto the %a)! and #ath! and a'' that )e ind &a'' to the ea!t"** ;er:3rme5 e7en 0he 0hin6+3mman5e5. O1r Sa7i31r /ai5 03 0hem 0here:3re" a:0er Hi/ re/1rre+0i3n" ,o )e and

-ake Di!&i#'e! o a'' nation! in -) na-e" An5 0he/e 0hin6/ He /ai5" 4h3 :3rmerl8 ha5+3mman5e5, In the %a) o the ,enti'e! (o )e not" 910 (en>3ine5) 0ha0 0he8 /h31l5 ;rea+h 03 0he !e4/ 3nl8. B10" 4hen 0he/e ha5 a91/e5 (0heir) In7i0er/" 0hen He 5i/mi//e50he /er7an0/ 0he /e+3n5 0ime" an5 /ai5" Tho!e that %ere &a''ed %ere not %orth). ,o )eout into the %a)! and #ath! and a'' that )e ind &a'' to the ea!t." An5 0hi/ 0he8 :1l:ille5in 5ee5. The8 4en0 310 in03 0he 4h3le +rea0i3n" an5 0he8 ;rea+he5 03 all na0i3n/" 0he5i7ine an5 hea7enl8 +allin6& an5 the) &o''e&ted to(ether a! -an) a! the) &ou'd ind (930h) bad and (ood." e0 n3 3ne 0here:3re 43n5er" 0ha0" 3: 0h3/e" 4h3 are +3lle+0e5in03 0he Ch1r+h 3: Chri/0" all are n30 6335& 910" 0ha0 in 0he mi<01re 036e0her 4i0h 0he6335" 0he e7il 4ill al/3 9e +3lle+0e5. N3r 5i5 0hi/ e/+a;e 0he :3rekn34le56e 3: 31rSa7i31r. An5 i0 i/ a++3r5in6l8 /een 03 remain in :a+0" in +3n:3rmi08 4i0h 0ha0

:3rekn34le56e , an5" 4ha0 0he en5 3: 0h3/e 4ill 9e" 4h3 are 9r316h0 036e0her 1n43r0hil8in Hi/ Ch1r+h" He Him/el: /he4/& :3r He a:0er4ar5/ 0ea+he/ 0he/e 0hin6/ in 0he @- ;ara9le" /a8in6" "And the ea!t %a! i''ed %ith (ue!t!9 but %hen the kin( &a-e in to !ee the (ue!t! he !a% there a -an %ho had not 1on2 %eddin( (ar-ent!. And he !aid tohi- M) riend3 ho% earne!t thou in hither not havin( #ut on %eddin( (ar-ent! ; And he%a! !i'ent. Then the kin( !aid to the -ini!ter!9 Bind hi- hand! and eet and &a!t hi- out into outer darkne!!. There !ha'' be %ee#in( and (na!hin( o teeth. or -an) are the&a''ed but e% the &ho!en." He like4i/e ;re7i31/l8 re91ke5" 4i0h 0he/e ;re5i+0i7e 43r5/"0h3/e 4h3 /h31l5 +3n51+0 0hem/el7e/ 1nri6h0e31/l8 in Hi/ Ch1r+h.

A(ain on the re7e&tion o the 0e%i!h #eo#'e. Fr3m 0he #3/;el 3: Ma00he4.

9:. Ye !er#ent! )e (eneration o vi#er! Ho% !ha'' )e e!&a#e he'' ; /hereorebeho'd I !end unto )ou Pro#het! and /i!e -en and S&ribe!9 and !o-e o the- )e !ha''ki'' and &ru&i) and !o-e o the- )e !ha'' !&our(e in )our !)na(o(ue! and !ha'' #er!e&ute the- ro- &it) to &it)$ !o that there !ha'' &o-e u#on )ou a'' the b'ood o the Ri(hteou! %hi&h ha! been !hed u#on the 'and ro- the b'ood o Abe' even to the b'oodo ?e&haria! the !on o Bara&hia! %ho- )e !'e% bet%een the !te#! and the a'tar. I !a)unto )ou A'' the!e thin(! !ha'' &o-e u#on thi! (eneration. There i/ n3 nee5 4e /h31l5a::irm" 0ha0 all 0he/e 0hin6/ are /3 ;lain" a/ 03 re1ire n3 e<;lana0i3n 4ha0e7er& 4hi+h" 9ein6 a:0er4ar5/ :1l:ille5 in 7er8 5ee5" +3n:irme5 98 (0heir) 3;en :1l:ilmen0" 0he:3rekn34le56e 3: 31r Sa7i31r. F3r 0he A;3/0le/ 4ere /+31r6e5 98 0he !e4/ a0 a

/19/e1en0 ;eri35" in !er1/alem i0/el:& 4hen al/3" 0he8 4en0 :3r0h :r3m 0heir/8na6361e/" "re7oi&in( J that the) %ere ound %orth) to be re#roa&hed or hi! na-e! !ake that the) %ere ound %orth) to be re#roa&hed or hi! na-e! !ake . S0e;hen al/34a/ /03ne5 98 0hem& an5 !ame/ 4a/ /lain 4i0h 0he /43r5J& an5 a6ain" 0he /e+3n5 @ !ame/ 4a/ ;10 03 5ea0h 4i0h /03ne/J. An5 Sime3n" 4h3 a:0er !ame/ hel5 0heE;i/+3;al +hair in !er1/alemJ-" 4a/ 6i7en 1; 03 +r1+i:i<i3n" a/ 0he hi/03r8 remin5/ (1/).An5 man8 30her/ a6ain" 4h3 4ere /lain 98 0he !e4/" ha7e (0h1/) /e0 0heir /eal 03 0he:3rekn34le56e 3: 31r Sa7i31r. On a++31n0 3: all 4hi+h" 0he >156men0 3: #35 033k

























7en6ean+e 3n 0he 6enera0i3n 0ha0 5are5 03 53 all 0hi/, an5" 1;3n i0 01rne5 9a+k 0he (>1/0)+3n/e1en+e 3: all i0/ 5ee5/. F3r i0 4a/ 3: 0ha0 6enera0i3n 0ha0 0heir Tem;le an5 al0ar4ere r330e5 1;" an5 0he kin653m" 4hi+h ha5" 98 0ra5i0i3n :r3m 0heir :3re:a0her/" 9een ;re/er7e5 03 0ha0 7er8 0ime" 4a/ 5i//3l7e5. An5 3: 0he /ame" 4a/ 0heir :ree53m 0aken

a4a8, an5" :r3m 0he e::e+0/ 0hem/el7e/ i0 4a/ e7i5en0" 0ha0 0he a7en6in6 3: 0he 9l335 3:all 0he Ri6h0e31/ 4a/ 3n 0ha0 6enera0i3n" in +3n:3rmi08 4i0h 0he 43r5/ 3: 31r Sa7i31r. I0i/ ne+e//ar8 0hen 4e /h31l5 /ee" 4i0h 4ha0 en0ire ;34er" an5 98 4ha0 /3r0 3: :3r+e" i0 4a//ai5" Beho'd I !end to )ou Pro#het! and /i!e -en." F3r (0hi/)" Beho'd I !end" i/ anin0ima0i3n 3: 0he ;34er 3: #35. An5" 0ha0 He +alle5 0he R1ler/ 3: 0he !e4/ 03 0heir :a+e" a (eneration o vi#er!" a::3r5/ n3 ;r33: 3: 5e:i+ien+8 (in 0hi/ re/;e+0). The ;re5i+0i3n033" 3: 0he 5e/0r1+0i3n 4hi+h /h31l5 37er0ake 0hem" 53e/" a:0er all 0he re/0" a::3r5 am;le+3n:irma0i3n a/ 03 0he/e 5e+lara0i3n/& an5 0hi/ 0heir +3m;le0e :1l:ilmen0 ;r37e/J. The/e0hin6/ are 0here:3re /1::i+ien0 (here). e0 1/ 0hen" @J n34 en1ire a++3r5in6l8" h34 i0ha;;ene5 03 0he lan5 4hi+h ha5 al4a8/ 9een ;re+i31/ 03 0hem" an5 03 0h3/e 6l3rie/ 3: 0heme0r3;3li/ 3: 0he kin653m 4hi+h ha5 9een (/3) :am31/ 4i0h 0hem& 3: 4hi+h" 98 Hi/

5i7ine :3rekn34le56e He a00e/0e5 &==4ee;in6 9i00erl8 a/ He 5i5 37er 0hem 3: hi/ mer+8"==0ha0 0he 4h3le /h31l5 1n5er63 a +han6e 03 0he e<0reme/ 3: +alami08" 9e+a1/e 3: 0hein/3len+e 3: i0/ inha9i0an0/ a6ain/0 Him.

8n the de!tru&tion o the Te-#'e o 0eru!a'e-.

9;. $ha0 0he en5 3: 0h3/e 0hin6/ /h31l5 9e" 4hi+h ha5 9een :3re03l5 re/;e+0in6 0he!e4i/h ;e3;le" ha/ (alrea58) 9een /ai5 an5 /he4n. B10" a/ He" THE $ORD OF #OD" ;r3;he/ie5 al/3 re/;e+0in6 0he/e ;la+e/ 0hem/el7e/" i0 i/ ne+e//ar8 4e /h31l5 /ee Hi/43r5/ 3n 0hem. N34" 4hen 0he R1ler/ 3: 0he !e4/ 431l5 n30 9ear 0he ;1ri08 3: Hi/D3+0rine" i0/ ;19li+a0i3n" n3r Hi/ re91ke/" 0he8 /3 a+0e5 a/ 03 ri5 0heir +i08 3: Him. He

0hen" lea7in6 !er1/alem" ;r3n31n+e5 0he/e 43r5/ 37er 0heir +i08, JJ

0eru!a'e- 0eru!a'e-3 that ha!t ki''ed the Pro#het! and !toned the- that %ere !ent unto thee Ho%oten %ou'd I have (athered th) &hi'dren to(ether a! the hen (athereth her &hi&ken!under her %in(! 9 but )e %ou'd not. Beho'd I )our hou!e i! 'et de!o'ate. or I !a) unto )ou that )e !ha'' not !ee -e hen&eorth unti' )e !ha'' !a) B'e!!ed i! he that &o-eth inthe na-e o the :ord." Im;1ri08 (an5) ;3ll10i3n a:0er4ar5/ marke5 0heir 53in6/, an5 0hi/4a/ 0he /in in 4hi+h 0he8 5are5 03 ;er/i/0 a6ain/0 31r Sa7i31r. An5 i0 4a/ ri6h0" n30 3nl80ha0 0he Inha9i0an0/ 3: 0he +i08" 910 al/3 0he lan5 i0/el:"==in 4hi+h 0he8 /3 6rea0l8 93a/0e5.==/h31l5 9e ma5e 03 /1::er 0he 0hin6/" 4hi+h 0he 5ee5/ 3: i0/ inha9i0an0/5e/er7e5. An5 0he/e 0he8 5i5 /1::er F3r i0 4a/ n30 l3n6" 9e:3re 0he R3man/ +amea6ain/0 0he +i08, an5" 3: 0he inha9i0an0/" /3me 0he8 kille5 98 0he la4 3: 4ar& 30her/ 0he8

5e/0r38e5 98 :amine& 30her/ 0he8 le5 a4a8 +a;0i7e & an5 30her/ 0he8 ;er/e+10e5. The+a;0i7eJG (Ci08) an5 Tem;le 0he8 91rn0" an5 re51+e5 03 100er @G 5e/3la0i3n B10 0he0hin6/ 4hi+h 033k ;la+e a:0er4ar5/" 5i5 31r Sa7i31r" :r3m hi/ :3rekn34le56e a/ THE$ORD 3r #OD" :3re0el /h31l5 +3me 03 ;a//" 98 mean/ 3: 0h3/e 4hi+h are (n34) 9e:3re1/. F3r He name5 0he 4h3le !e4i/h ;e3;le" the &hi'dren o the 5it)$ an5 0he Tem;le" He/08le5 their Hou!e.An5 0h1/ He 0e/0i:ie5" 0ha0 0he8 /h31l5" 3n 0heir 34n 4i+ke5 a++31n0" 9ear 0he 7en6ean+e 0h1/ 03 9e in:li+0e5. F3r man8 0ime/ 431l5 He ha7e 6a0here5 0heir+hil5ren 036e0her 9enea0h 0he 83ke 3: 0he 43r/hi; 3: #35" >1/0 a/ all :3rmerl8 4a/& e7en















a/ He ha5 :r3m an+ien0 0ime/ 9een +are:1l :3r 0hem" an5 ha5" 51rin6 all a6e/" in/0r1+0e50hem 98 3ne 3r 30her 3: 0he Pr3;he0/" an5 +alle5 0hem" 910 0he8 431l5 n30 hearken 03 hi/+all&==3n 0hi/ a++31n0" He 6a7e >156men0 a6ain/0 0hem" an5 /ai5" Beho'd )our hou!e i!'et de!o'ate." I0 4a/ 0here:3re 4i0h /;e+ial +are 0ha0 He /ai5" n30 (3nl8) 0he Ci08 i0/el:

/h31l5 9e 5e/3la0e" 910 0he H31/e 0ha0 4a/ 4i0hin i0, 0ha0 i/" 0he Tem;le& (an5) 4hi+h He4a/ 1n4illin6 /h31l5 a6ain 9e +alle5 Hi/" 3r 8e0 0he H31/e 3: #35" 910 0heir/ (3nl8).He ;r3;he/ie5 033" 0ha0 i0 /h31l5 9e 5e/3la0e in n3 30her 4a8" 0han a/ 5e;ri7e5 3: 0ha0 ;r37i5en0ial +are" 4hi+h 4a/ :3rmerl8 e<er0e5 37er i0, hen+e He /ai5" Beho'd )ourhou!e i! 'et de!o'ate." An5" i0 i/ ri6h0 4e /h31l5 43n5er a0 0he :1l:ilmen0 3: 0hi/ ;re5i+0i3n" /in+e a0 n3 0ime 5i5 0hi/ ;la+e 1n5er63 /1+h an en0ire 5e/3la0i3n a/ 0hi/ 4a/. N30 a0 0he 0ime 4hen i0 4a/ ra/e5 03 i0/ :31n5a0i3n/ 98 0he Ba98l3nian/" 3n a++31n0 3:0heir 6rea0 4i+ke5ne//" 0heir 43r/hi;;in6 3: I53l/" an5 ;3ll10i3n in 0he 9l335 3: 0hePr3;he0/. F3r /e7en08 8ear/ 4a/ 0he 4h3le ;eri35 3: 0he 5e/3la0i3n 3: 0he ;la+e in 0h3/e0ime/, 9e+a1/e i0 4a/ n30 (0h1/) :1ll8 /ai5 03 0hem a0 0ha0 0ime" Beho'd )our Hou!e i! 'et de!o'ate." N3r 4a/ i0 (0hen /3) :3r/aken& an e7en0 ha;;enin6 /33n a:0er" 4hi+h 5i6ni:ie5

i0 4i0h a rene4al m1+h m3re ill1/0ri31/ 0han i0/ :3rmer /0a0e" a/ 3ne 3: 0he Pr3;he0/ ha5:3re03l5 , (7i?.) The ('or) o thi! 'atter Hou!e !ha'' be (reater than that o the or-er J.A:0er 0he en31n+emen0 0here:3re 3: 31r Sa7i31r"==0ha0 0he8 /h31l5 /3 9e 'etan5 0heirh31/e +3me" 98 0he >156men0 3: #35" 03 100er 5e/3la0i3n &==03 @ 0h3/e 4h3 7i/i0 0he/e ;la+e/" 0he /i6h0 i0/el: a::3r5/ 0he m3/0 +3m;le0e :1l:ilmen0 3: 0he ;re5i+0i3n. The ;eri35033 ha/ 9een 0ha0 3: man8 8ear/" an5 (3: 51ra0i3n) /3 l3n6" a/ n30 3nl8 03 9e 5319le 3: 0he5e/3la0i3n 3: /e7en08 8ear/"== 4hi+h 4a/ 0ha0 in 0he 0ime 3: 0he Ba98l3nian/"==910 e7en 03/1r;a// :31r 0ime/ (i0/ 51ra0i3n) & an5 (0h1/) +3n:irmin6 0he >156men0 ;r3n31n+e5 98 31rSa7i31r. A6ain" 3n an30her 3++a/i3n" 31r Sa7i31r==4alkin6 98 0he /i5e 3: 0he Tem;le" >1/0men0i3ne5" an5 Hi/ Di/+i;le/ 43n5erin6 a0 0he 91il5in6 4hi+h /1rr31n5e5 i0" an5 ;3in0in6 310 03 Him 0he 6rea0ne// an5 9ea108 3: 0he /ame Tem;le&==re01rne5 03 0hem

an/4er an5 /ai5" Beho'd3 !ee )e not a'' the!e thin(! ; I !a) unto )ou !tone !ha'' not be'et here u#on !tone %hi&h !ha'' not be thro%n do%n . The S+ri;01re/ 53 m3re37er /he4"0ha0 0he 4h3le 91il5in6 an5 0he e<0reme 3rnamen0in6 3: 0he Tem;le 0here" 4ere in5ee50h1/ 43r0h8 3: 9ein6 +3n/i5ere5 mira+1l31/, an5" :3r ;r33: (3: 0hi/)" 0here are ;re/er7e5"e7en 03 0hi/ 0ime" /3me remainin6 7e/0i6e/ 3: 0he/e i0/ an+ien0 5e+3ra0i3n/. B10" 3: 0he/ean+ien0 0hin6/" 0he 6rea0e/0 mira+le 3: all i/" 0he Di7ine 43r5 (5e+larin6) 0he:3rekn34le56e 3: 31r Sa7i31r" 4hi+h :1ll8 en31n+e5 03 0h3/e" 4h3 4ere 43n5erin6 a00he 91il5in6/ (3: 0he Tem;le)" 0he >156men0" 0ha0 0here /h31l5 n30 9e le:0 in 0he ;la+e a04hi+h 0he8 4ere 43n5erin6" one !tone u#on another %hi&h !hou'd not be ra!ed" F3r i04a/ ri6h0" 0ha0 0hi/ ;la+e /h31l5 1n5er63 an en0ire 5e/0r1+0i3n an5 5e/3la0i3n" 3n a++31n03: 0he a15a+i08 3: i0/ Inha9i0an0/& 9e+a1/e i0 4a/ 0he re/i5en+e 3: im;i31/ men. An5" >1/0

a/ 0he ;re5i+0i3n 4a/" are 0he re/1l0/ in :a+0 remainin6, 0he 4h3le Tem;le" an5 i0/ 4all/"==a/ 4ell a/ 0h3/e 3rnamen0e5 an5 9ea10i:1l 91il5in6/ 4hi+h 4ere 4i0hin i0" an5 4hi+he<+ee5e5 all 5e/+ri;0i3n"==ha7e /1::ere5 5e/3la0i3n :r3m 0ha0 0ime 03 0hi/ $i0h 0ime 033"0hi/ in+rea/e/ , an5" /3 ha/ 0he ;34er 3: THE $ORD 63ne 3n 5e/0r38in6" 0ha0" in man8 ;la+e/" n3 7e/0i6e 3: 0heir :31n5a0i3n/ i/ n34 7i/i9le 4hi+h an8 3ne 4h3 5e/ire/ i0" ma8/ee 4i0h hi/ 34n e8e/J. An5" /h31l5 an8 @ 3ne /a8" 0ha0 a :e4 3: 0he ;la+e/ are /0ille<i/0in6& 4e ma8 ne7er0hele//" >1/0l8 e<;e+0 0he 5e/0r1+0i3n 3: 0he/e al/3" a/ 0heir r1in i/5ail8 in+rea/in6, 0he ;re5i+0in6 43r5" >1/0 men0i3ne5" 5ail8 3;era0in6 98 a ;34er 4hi+h











i/ 1n/een. I kn34 033==:3r I ha7e hear5 i0 :r3m ;er/3n/ 4h3 in0er;re0 0he ;a//a6e 9e:3re1/ 5i::eren0l8"==0ha0 0hi/ 4a/ n30 /ai5 3n all 0he 91il5in6/" e<+e;0 3nl8 3n 0ha0 ;la+e 4hi+h0he Di/+i;le/" 4hen e<;re//in6 0heir 43n5er 1;3n i0" ;3in0e5 310 03 Him & :3r i0 4a/ 1;3n0hi/ 0ha0 He /;3ke 0he ;re5i+0in6 43r5. A6ain" 0he S+ri;01re/ 3: Hi/ Di/+i;le/ 4hi+h

0ea+h re/;e+0in6 Him" (0ea+h) 1/ 0he/e 0hin6/ (:3ll34in6)" 3n 0he 100er 5e/0r1+0i3n 3: 0he ;la+e.==

8n the takin( o the 5it). Fr3m 0he #3/;el 3: 1ke.

9<. And J %hen He !a% the &it) He %e#t over it and !aid I thou had!t kno%n even inthi! da) the thin(! o th) #ea&e.**But no% the) are 1!o2 hidden ro- thine e)e! that theda)! !ha'' &o-e u#on thee in %hi&h thine ene-ie! !ha'' !urround thee and !ha'' #re!!u#on thee ro- ever) #art o thee9 and the) !ha'' utter') root thee u# and th) &hi'dren%ithin thee." The 0hin6/" ;ri3r 03 0he/e" 4ere ;re5i+0e5 re/;e+0in6 0he Tem;le& 0he/e"4hi+h are n34 9e:3re 1/" re/;e+0in6 0he Ci08 i0/el:& 4hi+h 0he !e4/ name5 0he Ci08 3:

#35" 9e+a1/e 3: 0he Tem;le 3: #35 0ha0 ha5 9een 91il0 4i0hin i0. O7er 0he 4h3le 3: 0hi/0hen" 0he +3m;a//i3na0e (Sa7i31r) 4e;0. I0 4a/ n30" 0ha0 He ha5 /3 m1+h ;i08 3n 0he 91il5in6/" n3r in5ee5 1;3n 0he lan5" a/ He ha5 :ir/0 1;3n 0he /31l/ 3: i0/ inha9i0an0/" an5(0hen) 1;3n (0he ;r3/;e+0 3:) 0heir 5e/0r1+0i3n. He ;3in0e5 310 m3re37er" 0he +a1/e 3:0heir 5e/3la0i3n 4hen He /ai5" I thou had!t kno%n even in thi! da) the thin(! o th) #ea&e9" in0ima0in6 033 Hi/ 34n +3min6" 4hi+h /h31l5 9e :3r 0he ;ea+e 3: 0he 4h3le43rl5. F3r @ 0hi/ i/ He" 3: 4h3m i0 4a/ /ai5" In hi! da)! !ha'' ri(hteou!ne!! ari!e (a/0he /1n)" and abundan&e o #ea&eG. He +ame al/3 :3r 0hi/ ;1r;3/e" 0ha0 HeG -i(ht #rea&h #ea&e to the- that %ere near and to the- that %ere aar o." An5" 3: 0hem 4h3re+ei7e5 Him" He /ai5" Pea&eG I 'eave to )ou I 'eave to )ou& -) #ea&e (ive I unto )ou9" 0he ;ea+e" 4hi+h all na0i3n/ 4h3 9elie7e5 3n Him 0hr316h310 0he 4h3le +rea0i3n"

ha7e re+ei7e5. B10 0he ;e3;le" 4h3 4ere 3: 0he +ir+1m+i/i3n an5 9elie7e5 n30 3n Him"kne4 n30 0he 0hin6/ 3: 0heir ;ea+e , an5" 3n 0hi/ a++31n0" He /ai5 a:0er4ar5/" It i!no% (/3) hidden ro- thine e)e! that the da)! !ha'' &o-e u#on thee 1in %hi&h2 thineene-ie! !ha'' !urround theeG-. The 0hin6/ (I /a8)" 4hi+h 4ere 0here:3re 03 0ake h3l5 3n0hem" a /h3r0 0ime a:0er" in 0he re51+0i3n (3: 0he +i08) , (an5)" 9e+a1/e 0he8 ha5 n3 ;re7i31/ ;er+e;0i3n 3: 0he ;ea+e" 0ha0 ha5 9een :3rmerl8 ;rea+he5 03 0hem" i0 /h31l5 n34 9e +3n+eale5 :r3m 0heir e8e/. The8 ha5 0here:3re" n3 ;re7i31/ ;er+e;0i3n 3: an8 0hin6"4hi+h /h31l5 a:0er4ar5/ 9e:all 0hem& He 0hen ;lainl8 :3re03l5 0he/e 0hin6/ 98 Hi/:3rekn34le56e" an5 6a7e 3;en in0ima0i3n 3: 0he re51+0i3n (3: 0he +i08)" 4hi+h /h31l5+3me 1;3n 0hem 0hr316h 0he R3man/" (4hen /a8in6)" The da)! !ha'' &o-e u#onthee...be&au!e thou kne%e!t not the thin(! o th) #ea&e." F3r" :3r 0hi/ +a1/e there !ha''

&o-e u#on thee the da)! (in 4hi+h) thine ene-ie! !ha'' !urround thee and !ha'' (oround about thee and !ha'' #re!! u#on thee ro- ever) 6uarter o thee$ and the) !ha''root thee out and th) &hi'dren %ithin theeG. In 0he/e (43r5/) 0hen" ha/ 9een re+3r5e50he :3rm 3: 4ar 4hi+h /h31l5 +3me 1;3n 0hem. An5" h34 0he8 4ere :1l:ille5" 4e /hall ;re/en0l8 :in5 :r3m 0he 4ri0in6/ 3: !3/e;h1/" 4h3 4a/ him/el: a !e4" an5 5e/+en5e5:r3m a 0ri9e 3: 0he !e4/ &==3ne 3: 0he 4ell kn34n an5 :am31/ men am3n6 0ha0 ;e3;le. A00he 0ime 3: 0he re51+0i3n (3: 0he ;la+e)" he +3mmi00e5 03 4ri0in6 e7er8 0hin6 0ha0 4a/53ne am3n6 0hem& an5 (/3) /he4e5" 0ha0 0he ;re5i+0i3n/ 9e:3re 1/ 4ere" in 0heir :a+0/"





















:1l:ille5. @J

A(ain on the redu&tion o the 5it). Fr3m 0he #3/;el 3: 1ke.

2%. GJ/hen )e !ha'' !ee 0eru!a'e- !urrounded b) an ar-) kno% )e that it! de!o'ation i!near. Then 'et tho!e %ho are in 0udea 'ee to the -ountain!. And 'et tho!e that are %ithinit 10eru!a'e-2 (ive u#GG, and 'et not tho!e that are in it! border!" enter into it. Be&au!ethe!e are the da)! o ven(ean&e that a'' %hi&h ha! been %ritten !hou'd be u'i''ed. But%oe to the- that are %ith &hi'd and to the- that (ive !u&k in tho!e da)!$ or there !ha''be (reat tribu'ation u#on the 'and and (reat %rath u#on thi! #eo#'e. And the) !ha'' a''b) the ed(e o the !%ord and !ha'' be 'ed &a#tive into a'' nation!. And 0eru!a'e- !ha''be tra-#'ed on b) the ,enti'e! unti' the ti-e! o the ,enti'e! !ha'' be u'i''ed." Pre7i31/03 0hi/ He /ai5" Beho'd )our hou!e i! 'et de!o'ate. He n34 6i7e/ 98 0he 43r5/ 9e:3re1/" 0he /i6n/ 3: 0he 0ime/ 3: 0he :inal 5e/0r1+0i3n 3: 0he ;la+e& an5 0he/e He /he4/"/a8in6" /hen )e !ha'' !ee 0eru!a'e- !urrounded b) an ar-) then&e kno% )e that it!

de!o'ation i! near." N34" le0 n3 3ne ima6ine" 0ha0" a:0er 0he re51+0i3n 3: 0he ;la+e" an50he 5e/3la0i3n 0ha0 /h31l5 9e in i0" an30her rene4al 3: i0 /hall 0ake ;la+e" a/ i0 4a/ in 0he0ime/ 3: C8r1/" kin6 3: 0he Per/ian/& an5 a:0er4ar5/ in 0h3/e 3: An0i3+h1/ E;i;hane/& @J an5 a6ain" in 0h3/e 3: P3m;e8. F3r man8 0ime/ 5i5 0hi/ ;la+e /1::er re51+0i3n" an54a/ a:0er4ar5/ 5i6ni:ie5 98 a m3re e<+ellen0 re/03ra0i3n. B10" 4hen 8e /hall /ee i0re51+e5 98 armie/" kn34 8e 0ha0 4hi+h +3me/ 1;3n i0" 03 9e a :inal an5 :1ll 5e/3la0i3nan5 5e/0r1+0i3nG. He 5e/i6na0e/ 0he 5e/3la0i3n 3: !er1/alem" 98 0he 5e/0r1+0i3n 3: 0heTem;le" an5 0he la8in6 a/i5e 3: 0h3/e /er7i+e/ 4hi+h 4ere" a++3r5in6 03 0he la4 3:M3/e/" :3rmerl8 ;er:3rme5 4i0hin i0. Y31 are n30 03 /1;;3/e" 0ha0 0he 5e/3la0i3n 3: 0he+i08" men0i3ne5 in 0he/e (43r5/)" 4a/ 03 9e /1+h 0ha0 n3 3ne /h31l5 an8 m3re re/i5e in i0,:3r He /a8/ a:0er 0hi/" 0ha0 0he +i08 /hall 9e inha9i0e5" n30 98 0he !e4/" 910 98 0he

#en0ile/" 4hen /;eakin6 0h1/" And 0eru!a'e- !ha'' be tra-#'ed on b) the ,enti'e!G

." I04a/ kn34n 0here:3re 03 Him" 0ha0 i0 /h31l5 9e inha9i0e5 98 0he #en0ile/. B10 He /08le50hi/ i0/ de!o'ation (7i?)" 9e+a1/e i0 /h31l5 n3 m3re (9e inha9i0e5) @J 98 i0/ 34n+hil5ren" n3r /h31l5 0he /er7i+e 3: 0he la4 he e/0a9li/he5 4i0hin i0. An5" h34 0he/e 0hin6/ha7e 9een :1l:ille5" man8 43r5/ are n30 4an0e5 (03 /he4) & 9e+a1/e" 4e +an ea/il8 /ee4i0h 31r 34n e8e/" h34 0he !e4/ are 5i/;er/e5 in03 all na0i3n/& an5" h34 0he inha9i0an0/3: 0ha0 4hi+h 4a/ :3rmerl8 !er1/alem"==910 i/ n34 name5 Aelia 98 Aeli1/ Ha5rian"==are:3rei6ner/" an5 0he 5e/+en5an0/ 3: an30her ra+e. The 43n5er 0here:3re 3: 0he ;r3;he+8 i/0hi/" 0ha0 He /ai5 3: 0he !e4/" the) !hou'd be 'ed &a#tive into a'' nation!$" an5" 3: 0he#en0ile/" that 0eru!a'e- !hou'd be tra-#'ed on b) the-." Thi/ mira+le i/ 0hen+3m;le0e , 0he !e4/ 9ein6 n34 :1ll8 (5i/;er/e5) 0hr316h310 0he 4h3le +rea0i3n" /3 0ha0

0he8 are (:31n5) remainin6 am3n6 0he E0hi3;ian/" 0he S+80hian/" an5 in 0he e<0remi0ie/ 3: 0he ear0h. I0 i/ 3nl8 0heir 34n +i08" an5 0he ;la+e in 4hi+h 0heir 43r/hi; :3rmerl8 4a/(+arrie5 3n)" 0ha0 0he8 +ann30 en0er G B10" i: 0he +i08 i0/el: ha5 9een 100erl8 5e/3la0e5" an54i0h310 inha9i0an0/" men 431l5 ha7e 0h316h0 0ha0 0hi/ 4a/ 0he +a1/e (3: 0heir e<+l1/i3n:r3m i0). N34 h34e7er" 0ha0 0he ;la+e i/ inha9i0e5 98 :3rei6ner/" 0he 5e/+en5an0/ 3: a5i::eren0 ra+e" an5 0ha0 i0 i/ n30 all34e5 03 0hem al3ne e7en 03 /e0 a :330 in i0" /3 0ha0 0he8+ann30 7ie4 e7en :r3m a 5i/0an+e 0he lan5 3: 0heir :3re:a0her/ & 0he 0hin6/ :3re03l5 3: i0are :1l:ille5" in e<a+0 a++3r5an+e 4i0h 0he ;re5i+0i3n, (7i?). The) !ha'' be 'ed &a#tive
























into a'' nation! and 0eru!a'e- !ha'' be tra-#'ed on b) the ,enti'e! The mannerm3re37er 3: 0he +a;0i7i08" ;3in0/ 310 0he 4ar. 3: 4hi+h He /;3ke& or (/ai5 He) there !ha'' be 1(reat2 tribu'ation u#on the 'and and (reat %rath u#on thi! #eo#'e 9 and the) !ha'' a'' b) the ed(e o the !%ord." $e @J- +an learn 033" :r3m 0he 4ri0in6/ 3: Fla7i1/

!3/e;h1/" h34 0he/e 0hin6/ 033k ;la+e in 0heir l3+ali0ie/" an5 h34 0h3/e" 4hi+h ha5 9een:3re03l5 98 31r Sa7i31r" 4ere" in :a+0" :1l:ille5. He al/3 /he4/ ;lainl8 0he :1l:ilmen0 3:0he ;re5i+0i3n 3: 31r Sa7i31r" 4hen He /ai5" /oe to tho!e that are %ith &hi'd and tothe- that (ive !u&k in tho!e da)!. F3r he ha/ ;10 i0 3n re+3r5" h34 0he 43men r3a/0e50heir +hil5ren 98 0he :ire an5 a0e 0hem" 3n a++31n0 3: 0he ;re//1re 3: 0he :amine 4hi+h ;re7aile5 in 0he +i08. Thi/ :amine 0here:3re" 4hi+h 033k ;la+e in 0he +i08" 31r Sa7i31r:3re/a4" an5 +31n/elle5 Hi/ Di/+i;le/ 0ha0" in 0he re51+0i3n 4hi+h 4a/ a9310 03 +3me1;3n 0he !e4/" i0 4a/ n30 :3r 0hem 03 0ake re:16e in 0he +i08 a/ in a ;la+e 61ar5e5 an5 ;re/er7e5 98 #35" 910 in 4hi+h man8 /h31l5 /1::er & 910" 0ha0 0he8 /h31l5 5e;ar0 0hen+e"an5 'ee to the -ountain!& an5" 0ha0 0h3/e" 4h3 /h31l5 9e 4i0hin !15ea" /h31l5 6i7e 1;03 0he #en0ile/& an5 0h3/e" 4h3 4ere in i0/ lan5/" /h31l5 n30 0ake re:16e in i0 a/ in a

:3r0i:ie5 ;la+e. On 0hi/ a++31n0 He /ai5" :et tho!e %ho are in it! border!- not enter intoit !in&e the!e are the da)! o ven(ean&e that a'' -a) be u'i''ed %hi&h ha! been%ritten. An8 3ne 0here:3re" 4h3 5e/ire/ i0" ma8 learn 0he re/1l0/ 3: 0he/e 0hin6/ :r3m 0he4ri0in6/ 3: !3/e;h1/. An5" i: i0 i/ ri6h0 4e /h31l5 la8 534n a :e4 0hin6/ :r3m him in 0hi/ 933k" 98 4a8 3: 0e/0im3n8" 0here i/ n30hin6 0ha0 /h31l5 hin5er 1/ :r3m hearin6 0hehi/03rian him/el:" 4h3 4ri0e/ in 0hi/ manner&==

ro- the !i+th Book o 0o!e#hu!.

. An5" H34 +an i0 9e ne+e//ar8" 0ha0 I /h31l5 5e/+ri9e 0he /e7eri08 3: 0he :amine" a/ 030hin6/ inanima0e I +3me 0hen 03 0he makin6 kn34n 3: a :a+0" 0he like 3: 4hi+h ha/ n30

9een re+3r5e5" ei0her am3n6 0he #reek/" 3r 0he Bar9arian/ , 3ne 4hi+h" i0 i/ /h3+kin6 03men0i3n" an5" 03 0he hearin6" in+re5i9le. I m8/el: in5ee5" 431l5 @J 6la5l8 ha7e le:0 0hi/+alami08 (1nmen0i3ne5)==0ha0 I mi6h0 n30 9e 0h316h0 98 0h3/e 4h3 /hall +3me a:0er" 03ha7e rela0e5 :al/eh335/"==ha5 I n30 ha5 man8 4i0ne//e/ am3n6 0h3/e 3: 31r 34n 0ime/. I/h31l5 in5ee5 30her4i/e ha7e ren5ere5 910 a 53190:1l 6335" a/ 03 0he lan5 3: m8 :a0her/"ha5 I 3mi00e5 03 men0i3n 0he 0hin6/ 4hi+h" i0 ha/" in :a+0" /1::ere5. A +er0ain 43man" 3:0h3/e 4h3 re/i5e5 3n 0he 30her /i5e 3: 0he !3r5an"==4h3/e name 4a/ Mirian" 4ell kn34n3n a++31n0 3: her :amil8 an5 4eal0h"==033k re:16e 4i0h man8 (30her/) in !er1/alem" an54i0h 0hem 4a/ /h10 1; (in 0he /ie6e). Thi/ 43man2/ 30her ;3//e//i3n/" a/ 0he8 4ere a:0er/he le:0 0he ;a//a6e (3: 0he !3r5an) an5 +ame in03 0he +i08" 0he T8ran0/ /ei?e5. The re/i51e3: her 0rea/1re/ m3re37er" /h31l5 i0 ha7e /1::i+e5 :3r her 5ail8 /1/0enan+e" 4a/ in7a5e5

an5 /ei?e5 98 0he a00en5an0 /3l5ier/. #rie731/ in5i6na0i3n 0here:3re" 033k ;3//e//i3n 3:her& an5 man8 0ime/ 5i5 /he e<+i0e 0he r399er/ a6ain/0 her/el:" 98 +1r/e/ an5 re;r3a+he/.B10" 4hen n3 3ne ;10 her 03 5ea0h.==ei0her 3n a++31n0 3: her in5i6na0i3n 3r in mer+8& an5/he 9e+ame 4ear8 3: /eekin6 /1/0enan+e :3r 30her/ :r3m e7er8 1ar0er" an5 (a/)/1/;i+i3n 4a/ e<+i0e5 a6ain/0 her" e7en i: /he :31n5 (i0) , h1n6er" a0 0he /ame 0ime"remainin6 in her 934el/" an5 in5i6na0i3n in:lamin6 her m3re 0han h1n6er&==/he 033k :3rher +31n/ell3r im;e013/i08 an5 ne+e//i08" an5 5are5 03 53 0ha0 4hi+h 4a/ +3n0rar8 03na01re. She /ei?e5 1;3n her /3n"==:3r /he ha5 a /1+kin6 in:an0"==an5 /ai5" $re0+he5















(9a9e) :3r $h3m 53 I ;re/er7e 0hee in 4ar" :amine" an5 01m1l0== 0ha0 0h31 /h31l5e/0 9ea /la7e 03 0he R3man/ I: 0h31 /h31l5e/0 in5ee5 li7e ha;;il8 4i0h 0hem" /0ill :amine ;re+e5e/ (0hi/) /er7i015e & an5 0he /e5i0i31/ are +r1el. C3me & 9e 0h31 0h31 03 me :3r:335& 03 0he /e5i0i31/" 0he 7en6ean+e&==an5 03 0he 43rl5" 0he 0ale 4hi+h al3ne i/ 4an0in6

03 (+3m;le0e) 0he /1::erin6/ 3: 0he !e4/ An5" /a8in6 0hi/" /he a0 3n+e kille5 her /3n. She0hen r3a/0e5 him" an5 a0e a ;ar0 3: him 0he re/0 /he hi5" an5 ke;0 J @JJ The/e/1::erin6/ 310 3: man8" I ha7e here /e0 534n 3n a++31n0 3: 0he Di7ine ;re5i+0i3n 3: 31rSa7i31r" 4hi+h 5e+lare5" /oe to the- that are %ith &hi'd and to the- that (ive !u&k intho!e da)!9 an5 9e+a1/e i0 a55/ 0hi/ al/3 03 0he ;re5i+0i7e 43r5/ 3: 31r Sa7i31r" There !ha'' be (reat tribu'ation on the 'and and (reat %rath u#on thi! #eo#'e, 3r" a/ Ma00he4ha/ /ai5G" "or there !ha'' be at that ti-e (reat tribu'ation the 'ike o %hi&h ha! notbeen !in&e the be(innin( o the %or'd even unti' no% $ nor !ha'' be" (herea:0er). I0 4ill 9e 4ell 0here:3re" 03 hear 0hi/ 4ri0er him/el:" 4hen 0h1/ ;100in6 3n re+3r5 0he :1l:ilmen03: 0he/e /ame 0hin6/.

ro- the ith Book o 0o!e#hu!.

22. I0 431l5 9e im;3//i9le 03 6i7e an a++31n0 3: ea+h an5 e7er8 3: 0heir ini1i0ie//in6l8& 4e /a8 0hen /1mmaril8" 0ha0 n3 (30her) +i08 (e7er) /1::ere5 all 0he/e 0hin6/& an5"0ha0 0here ne7er 4a/ a 6enera0i3n /3 :r1i0:1l in 7i+e/ a/ 0hi/ , :3r 0he8 5e/0r38e5 0he +i08i0/el: an5 (4ere 0he +a1/e) 0ha0 0he R3man/ /h31l5 9e re+3r5e5"== a/ :3r+e5 98 0hema6ain/0 0heir 34n 4ill/"==03 0hi/ /a5 @JG 7i+03r8 The8 a++3r5in6l8 5ra66e5 0hem 3n:3r0h4i0h" 1n3;;3/e5" 03 0he Tem;le & an5 7ie4e5 :r3m 0he 1;;er +i08" 0he :ire 0ha0 4a/ 91rnin6 4i0hin i0. N3r 4ere 0he8 ;aine5" n3r 5i5 0he8 4ee; a0 0he/e 0hin6/ Be+a1/e" "there !hou'd be at that ti-e (reat tribu'ation !u&h that it! 'ike e+i!ted not !in&e the be(innin( o the %or'd." Thi/ 7er8 0hin6 4a/ :3re03l5 98 31r Sa7i31r" 4hi+h

0hi/ 4ri0er a00e/0/ 0he 4h3le 3: 4hi+h 4a/ :1ll8 9r316h0 03 ;a//

:3r08 8ear/ a:0er4ar5/"in 0he 0ime/ 3: Ve/;a/ian 0he R3man Em;er3r. O1r Sa7i31r m3re37er" a55e5 03 Hi/ ;re5i+0i3n/"==5e0erminin6 0he 0ime"==h34 l3n6 !er1/alem /h31l5 9e 0ram;le5 3n 98 0he#en0ile/& :3r He /ai5" Unti' the ti-e! o the ,enti'e! !ha'' be u'i''ed9" in0ima0in6 980hi/" 0he en5 3: 0he 43rl5.

A(ain on the 'a%! o the 0e%! 1vi4.2 that the) !hou'd no -ore be ob!erved either on-ount ,eri4i- or in 0eru!a'e-. And on the !ervi&e %orth) o ,od %hi&h !hou'd be !etu# in Hi! 5hur&h. Fr3m 0he #3/;el 3: !3hn.

2#. On 0he /i5e 3: 0hi/ 31r nei6h931rin6 +i08 Nea;3li/ 3: Pale/0ine"==4hi+h 4a/ n30

/mall" 910 i/ e7en (n34) a +i08 3: +ele9ri08"==a 43man 3: Samaria 5re4 near 03 Him & an5"a:0er 30her 43r5/" /ai5 03 Him" Sir I #er&eive that thou art a Pro#het. 8ur ather!%or!hi##ed in thi! @J -ountain$ but )e !a) that in 0eru!a'e- i! the #'a&e%here (men) ou(ht to %or!hi#." U;3n 4hi+h" 31r Sa7i31r re01rnin6 0hi/ an/4er" /ai5 03her" Be'ieve -e %o-an the hour &o-eth (in) %hi&h neither in thi! -ountain nor in 0eru!a'e- !ha'' the) %or!hi# the ather." An5" a:0er a :e4 30her 0hin6/" He /ai5 , Thehour &o-eth and no% i! 1in2 %hi&h the true %or!hi##er! !ha'' %or!hi# the ather in !#irit and in truth9 or the ather !eeketh even !u&h a! the!e to %or!hi# Hi-. ,od i! a

























!#irit and it i! ri(ht that tho!e %ho %or!hi# Hi- !hou'd %or!hi# hi- in !#irit and intruth. And 98 0he/e 0hin6/ al/3" He :1ll8 ;r37e5 0ha0 Hi/ :3rekn34le56e 4a/ n30/mall. F3r :3rmerl8" in 0he 5a8/ 3: Ti9eri1/ 0he R3man Em;er3r"==in 4h3/e 0ime/ 0he/e0hin6/ 4ere /ai5"==0he !e4/ 4ere ;ar0i+1larl8 +3lle+0e5 036e0her in !er1/alem" :3r 0he

39/er7an+e 3: 0he ;re+e;0/ 3: 0heir a4& an5 0he Samari0an/" 3n 0he m31n0 +alle5#eri?im 4hi+h 0he8 h3n31re5" 3n 0he /i5e 3: Nea;3li/" a::irmin6 0ha0 i0 4a/ ri6h0 0hea4 3: M3/e/ /h31l5 0here 9e 39/er7e5. N34" 0he/e m31n0/ are" a/ i0 4ere" ana0hema/ 3: #35. $i0h 930h" +er0ain ;ar0/ 4ere h3n31re5& an5 3: 930h" 0he S+ri;01re 3: ea+h 9ear/re+3r5 & 0ha0 3: M3/e/" re/;e+0in6 #eri?im & an5 0h3/e 3: 0he He9re4 Pr3;he0/" re/;e+0in6!er1/alem. The /en0en+e 3: >156men0 0here:3re" ;10 :3r0h in 0he Di7ine en31n+emen0 3:31r Sa7i31r 4a/" Tha0 n3 m3re" ei0her in !er1/alem" 3r 3n m31n0 #eri?im" /h31l5 0h3/ehen+e:3r0h 43r/hi;" 4h3 0hen a5here5 /3 ;er0ina+i31/l8 03 0he/e ;la+e/ , 4hi+h +ame 03 ;a// /33n a:0er. (F3r)" in 0he 5a8/ 3: Ti01/ Ve/;a/ian" an5 in 0he re51+0i3n 4hi+hha;;ene5 in 0h3/e 3: Ha5rian" 930h 0he/e m31n0/ 4ere" a++3r5in6 03 Hi/ 43r5/"5e/3la0e5. Tha0 3n 0he /i5e 3: 0he +i08 Nea;3li/" 4a/ 5e:ile5 98 1n9e+3min6 Ima6e/" 98

I53l/" @J 98 Sa+ri:i+e/" an5 0he /he55in6 3: 9l335" an5 (0h1/) ren5ere5 a93mina9le. TheTem;le al/3 3: !er1/alem 4a/ ra/e5 03 0he :31n5a0i3n/" an5 ha/ remaine5" 51rin6 0he4h3le 3: 0he 0ime men0i3ne5" in 100er 5e/3la0i3n an5 (5e/0r1+0i3n 98) 91rnin6. An5" :r3m0ha0 0ime an5 e7en 1n0il n34" ha/ 0he ;re5i+0i3n 3: 31r Sa7i31r 9een :1l:ille5" 4hi+h5e+lare5" The hour &o-eth (in) %hi&h neither in thi! -ount nor in 0eru!a'e- !ha''the) %or!hi#" He 0erm/ 0he 0ime (mean0) "the hour$" 4hi+h 4a/ n30 8e0 a0 han5" 910 4a/a9310 03 9e. An5" /;eakin6 03 Hi/ Di/+i;le/ 3n 0he ra0i3nal /er7i+e 03 9e +3m;le0e5 98Him/el:" He a55e5" The hour &o-eth and no% i! that the true %or!hi##er! !ha''%or!hi# the ather in !#irit and truth. He ne+e//aril8 a55e5 0here:3re here" It no%i!." F3r imme5ia0el8" :r3m 0he 7er8 h31r (in) 4hi+h he /ai5 0he/e 43r5/" (7i?.) The true%or!hi##er!"**3: 4h3m He 4a/ 0he Hea5 an5 Tea+her"==Hi/ Di/+i;le/" 4h3 re+ei7e5 0he

ra0i3nal /er7i+e"==:r3m Him" 5i5 ;er:3rm 0he /er7i+e 3: #35" "in !#irit and in truth." B100he 0hin6" a937e all (30her/) ;r3;he/ie5 3: in 0he/e 43r5/" im;lie/" 0ha0 n3 m3re 3n an8m31n0" n3r in an8 5i/0in+0 +3rner 3: 0he ear0h" 910 0hr316h310 0he 4h3le +rea0i3n" /h31l50h3/e true %or!hi##er! 43r/hi; 0he #35 4h3 i/ a937e all" an5 /h31l5 ;re/en0 03 Him0he Di7ine /er7i+e/" 4hi+h /h31l5 9e ;er:3rme5 4i0h310 9l335" "in !#irit and truth." N30 98 /imili015e" n3r 98 0h3/e 0hin6/ 3: 4hi+h He 4a/ 0he an0i08;e" a/ 4ere 0h3/e 3: M3/e/39/er7e5 98 930h !e4/ an5 Samari0an/" in /la16h0er" /a+ri:i+e/" in+en/e" :ire" an5 man830her 935il8 m35e/&==0ha0 all 3: 0he/e /h31l5 9e a93li/he5 0hr316h 0he 0hin6/ n34 9e:3re1/" 5i5 THE $ORD OF #OD here ;re5i+0. He al/3 /ai5" hen+e:3r0h in !#irit andtruth." Tha0 i/" the true %or!hi##er!" /hall ren5er 03 #35" 0he /er7i+e 4hi+h i/ 43r0h8 3:Him" in a manner 5i7ine an5 4i0h 930h 0he /31l an5 min5.

8n the #eo#'e %hi&h !hou'd be !et u# out o orei(n nation! b) -ean! o hi!tea&hin(. Fr3m 0he #3/;el 3: !3hn.

. I a-- the (ood She#herd and I kno% -) o%n and -) o%n kno% -e. Even a! the ather hath @J kno%n -e !o kno% I the ather....And I 'a) do%n -) 'ie (li0. /el:) or-) !hee#. And I have other !hee# tho!e %ho %ere not o thi! o'd$ and it i! ne&e!!ar)that I !hou'd brin( in the!e and that the) !hou'd hear -) voi&e. And there !ha'' be one













'o&k and one !he#herd." B8 30her 43r5/ (033) He 0a16h0 an5 /ai5" I a- not &o-e but tothe !hee# that have !tra)ed o the hou!e o I!rae' ." I0 4a/ 0he !e4i/h ;e3;le 0hen" 0ha0He name5 1n5er 0hi/ :i61re& 910" 98 0he 0hin6/ 9e:3re 1/" He ;re5i+0e5" 0ha0 i0 4a/ n300h3/e 3nl8 4h3 ha5 9e+3me Hi/ 5i/+i;le/ :r3m am3n6 0he !e4/" 0ha0 4ere +3n/i5ere5

(a/) 3: 0he n1m9er 3: Hi/ :l3+k& 910 0h3/e al/3 4h3 4ere 4i0h310 0hi/ :3l5. F3r 0h1/" 0he43r5 (S+ri;01re) 1/1all8 name/ a0 3ne 0ime" 0he 4h3le !e4i/h ;e3;le& a0 an30her"!er1/alem" an5 0he /er7i+e 0here ;er:3rme5 a++3r5in6 03 0he a4 3: M3/e/.==Tha0 He%ou'd &o''e&t other !hee# %hi&h %ere not o that o'd" im;lie/ 0he 4h3le +rea0i3n& an5 He:3re03l5 98 0he/e 0hin6/" 0ha0 310 3: 0hem (0hi/) ra0i3nal :l3+k /h31l5 9e /3 9r316h0036e0her 03 Him" 0ha0 03 0he 3ne an5 /el:=/ame 43r/hi; 3: #35" all" (930h) !e4/Jan5I53la0er/ 9elie7in6 in Him" /h31l5 +3me 37er& an5" 0ha0 0here /h31l5 9e one 'o&k andone She#herd." Thi/ i/ Hi/ Ch1r+h" 4hi+h ha/ 9een e/0a9li/he5 930h :r3m am3n6 0he!e4/" an5 #en0ile/. An5 0h1/" ha/ i0 +3me 03 ;a// F3r a0 3n+e" a0 0he 310/e0 3: 0he ;rea+hin6 3: 0he #3/;el" 6rea0 m1l0i015e/ 3: 0he !e4/ 4ere +3n7in+e5 0ha0 He 4a/ 0heChri/0 3: #35" 4h3 ha5 9een ;rea+he5 3: 98 0he Pr3;he0/. An5 4i0h 0he/e" (0h3/e)" 4h3

9elie7e5 3n Him :r3m am3n6 0he #en0ile/" 4ere 9r316h0 036e0her in 3ne Ch1r+h" 1n5er0he han5 3: 0he 3ne She;her5"==3: Him 4h3 i/ THE $ORD 3r #OD. F3r in !er1/alemi0/el: ar3/e" :r3m am3n6 0he !e4/" 3ne a:0er an30her :i:0een 9i/h3;/ 3: 0he Ch1r+h 0here":r3m !ame/ 4h3 4a/ 0he :ir/0G. There 4ere 033 0h31/an5/" a0 3n+e 930h 3: !e4/ an5#en0ile/ 0here" 4h3 ha5 9een 9r316h0 036e0her" e7en 03 0he 0ime 3: @G i0/ re51+0i3n in0he 5a8/ 3: Ha5rian. An5" 0ha0 He 4a/ 0he (6335) She;her5 4h3 ha5 9een man8 0ime/ ;rea+he5 3: in 0he 43r5/ 3: 0he Pr3;he0/" i0 i/ 397i31/ 03 1/, 0he 43r5/ (I /a8)" 4hi+hmen0i3n THE $ORD OF #OD an5 0ea+h" 0ha0 He i/ 0he She;her5 3: 0he /31l/ 3: men" a/3: ra0i3nal :l3+k/. F3r i0 i/ 0h1/ /ai5 3n 3ne 3++a/i3n 98 0he Pr3;he0/, The :ord eedeth-e (a/ a /he;her5)" and I !ha'' 'a&k nothin( ." An5 3n an30her& "She#herd o I!rae''ook (0h31) %ho 'eade!t 0o!e#h a! a 'o&k 9" an5" 3n an30her" He in0r351+e/ (3ne)

/a8in6" "He i! the :ord and the She#herd o the !hee#

." He 0here:3re al3ne" i/ 0r1l85e+lare5 03 9e 0he She;her5 3: ra0i3nal /31l/. F3r" >1/0 a/ 0he +a/e i/ am3n6 men" 0hena01re 3: 0he /hee; i/ 3ne" an5 0ha0 3: 0he /he;her5 an30her& an5" (a/) 0he ra0i3nal na01rer1le/ an5 lea5/ 0ha0 4hi+h i/ irra0i3nal& /3 al/3 i/ i0 4i0h re/;e+0 03 0he /1;eri3ri08 3: 0heShe;her5 (here)" THE $ORD OF #OD" 0he na01re :ar e<+el/ 0ha0 3: man. $e in5ee5 areHi/ :l3+k" an5" a/ +3m;are5 4i0h Hi/ ;34er" 4e are le// ra0i3nal 0han an8 /hee;. B10 Hei/ in 0r10h 0he 6335 an5 ;1re She;her5" 4h3 53e/ n30 /3 ne6le+0 Hi/ :l3+k" 0ha0 i0 ma8 9e5e731re5 98 0he 43l7e/& 0ha0 i/ 03 /a8" 98 0he 4i+ke5 5em3n/" 0he +3rr1;0er/ 3: /31l/.Thi/ +3n/0rain/ 1/ 03 l33k 03 Hi/ 43r5 4hi+h 5e+lare5" 4i0h 6rea0 ;34er an5 mi6h0" I a- the (ood She#herd & an5 4hi+h al/3 /ai5" I 'a) do%n -) 'ie or -) !hee#." (Thi/)He /ai5 in a m8/0er8 re/;e+0in6 Hi/ 5ea0h. He al/3 0a16h0 a0 0he /ame 0ime 0he +a1/e& 7i?.

0ha0 i0 4a/ :3r 0he re5em;0i3n 3: 0he /31l/ 3: 0he ra0i3nal :l3+k/" 0ha0 He (/3) 6a7e Hi/li:e. An5 0hi/ al/3, I have other !hee#" /he4/" 0ha0 0he !e4/ 4ere n30 Hi/ 3nl8 ;3//e//i3n& 910 al/3" 0ha0 0he 4h3le 3: 0he na0i3n/ ha5 9een 6i7en 03 Him 3: Hi/ Fa0her"a++3r5in6 03 0hi/ (5e+lara0i3n)" A!k o -e and I %i'' (ive thee the nation! or thineinheritan&e." @G

Ho% Hi! death %a! the &au!e o the rede-#tion o -an). Fr3m 0he #3/;el 3: !3hn.





















2!. He 4a/ 3:0en 4i0h 0he !e4/" 9e+a1/e 03 0hem 4ere kn34n 0he ;re5i+0i3n/ 3: 0hePr3;he0/ re/;e+0in6 Him. B10" 9e+a1/e 0he #reek/ 1;3n 3ne 3++a/i3n al/3 a;;r3a+he5Hi/ Di/+i;le/" 5e/irin6 03 /ee Him"==i0 i/ 4ri00en" 0ha0" 4hen 0he8 ha5 03l5 Him 0hi/" He/ai5, The hour i! &o-e that the Son o Man !hou'd be ('oriied. I !a) unto )ou that

un'e!! the (rain o %heat a'' into the earth and die it %i'' re-ain a'one$ but iit (/3) die it %i'' brin( orth -u&h ruit." B8 0he/e 0hin6/ al/3) He 397i31/l8 5e+lare5 ina m8/0er8" 0ha0" am3n6 0he #reek/" am3n6 :3rei6n na0i3n/ an5 0he +hil5ren 3: a 5i::eren06enera0i3n" 0h3/e 0hin6/ 4hi+h +3m;rehen5e5 0he ;rai/e/ 3: Hi/ #35hea5 /h31l5 9eem9ra+e5. F3r i0 4a/ n30 4hen He 4a/ am3n6 0he !e4/ 0ha0 he /ai5" Hi! hour had &o-ethat He !hou'd be ('oriied" 910" 4hen 0he #reek/ 5re4 near 03 Him. A:0er 0hi/" hene+e//aril8 +3n0in1e5 /he4in6 3: Hi/ 34n 5ea0h" Hi/ re/1rre+0i3n" an5 3: 0he +allin6 3:0he ;e3;le" am3n6 4h3m He 0hen 4a/. F3r" >1/0 a/ 0he 6rain 3: 4hea0" 9e:3re i0 :all/ in030he ear0h" remain/ al3ne" 910 +3n0ain/ 0he li:e=;r351+in6=;34er" 4i0h 0he ener6ie/ 3: 0he/ee5 in+l15e5 4i0hin i0" (an5) 4hi+h 0he ear/ /hall ;r351+e& 910" a:0er :allin6 in03 0heear0h"==>1/0 a/ 0ha0 4hi+h li7e/ a:0er 5ea0h"==i0 4ill in+rea/e" an5" :r3m 0he ;34er 7e/0e5

4i0hin i0" ;r351+e man8 ear/ 3: +3rn& /3 5i5 He al/3 5e+lare re/;e+0in6 Him/el:" 0ha0 0he0hin6/ /h31l5 9e. An5 0hi/ in5ee5" 0he re/1l0 3: 0hem ha/ ;lainl8 e7in+e5. @G F3r" i0 4a/n30 0he #reek/ al3ne 4h3" a:0er Hi/ 5ea0h" re+ei7e5 3: Hi/ ;34er an5 3: 0he ;r37i/i3n/ 3: Hi/ #35hea5" 910 al/3 man8 na0i3n/. He 4a/ 0here:3re" 0ha0 /ee5 4hi+h :ell" an5 /;ran61; a6ain" He %ho %a! dead but i! a'ive-. He" 4h3 a:0er Hi/ :all 4hi+h 4a/ 98 5ea0h"in+rea/e5 6rea0l8" i/ He 4h3 ha/" 98 Hi/ re/1rre+0i3n" :ille5 0he lan5/ 3: 0he hea0hen" a/ i04ere +1l0i7a0e5 :iel5/" 4i0h 0he Di7ine 1n100era9le ;34er. On 0hi/ a++31n0 He /ai5" Theharve!t i! (reat but the 'abourer! are e%." An5 a6ain" ":it J u# )our e)e! and !ee the ie'd! that the) are %hite or the harve!t." The/e 0hin6/ He al/3 :3re03l5 (:i61ra0i7el8)" 3: 0h3/e 4h3 /h31l5 a:0er Hi/ 5ea0h e/0a9li/h 0hem/el7e/ in Him" 0hr316h 0he ;1re :ai0h4hi+h i/ 98 Him& 0he m1l0i015e 3: 4h3m /h31l5" 0hr316h310 0he 4h3le +rea0i3n 930h 3:

#reek/ an5 Bar9arian/" +3n/0i010e 0he Ch1r+h 03 9e e/0a9li/he5 in m8ria5/ 3:+3n6re6a0i3n/ &==+3lle+0e5 036e0her" a/ i0 4ere" (0he ;r351+e 3:) ra0i3nal 4ell=+1l01re5:iel5/" in03 3ne ;la+e & (0ha0 i/) 0he /31l/ 3: men" in03 0he 6ranarie/ 3: Hi/ Ch1r+h. Hen+ei0 ha/ 9een /ai5" "HeG %ho!e an i! in Hi! hand and %ho %i'' &'ean!e Hi! 'oor and&o''e&t the %heat into (Hi/) trea!urie!9 but the !tra% He %i'' burn %ith ireun6uen&hab'e."

Ho% Si-on the &hie o the Di!&i#'e! !hou'd 'ike hi! Ma!ter be (iven u# to &ru&ii+ionand de#art thi! 'ie. Fr3m 0he #3/;el 3: !3hn.

G. M) &hi'dren a 'itt'e %hi'e I a- %ith )ou$ and )e !ha'' !eek -e9 even a! I !aid to

the 0e%! %hither I (o )e &annot &o-e$ and thu! a'!o I !a) a(ain unto )ou.Si-on Peter !aid unto Hi- /hither (oe!t Thou ; And 0e!u! an!%ered hi-9 /hither I (o thou &an!t not no% &o-e" but ater a ti-e thou !ha't &o-e." An5 a6ain" in 0he la00er ;ar0 3: 0he 933k" !e/1/" a:0er hi/ re/1rre+0i3n :r3m 0he 5ea5" /ai5 03 Pe0er, I !a) untothee /hen thou %a!t )oun( thou (irded!t th) 'oin! and %ente!t %hither @G- thou%ou'de!t $ but %hen thou !ha't have be&o-e o'd thou !ha't !tret&h orth th) hand! andother! !ha'' (ird th) 'oin! or thee and !ha'' 'ead thee %hither thou !ha't not be %i''in(. And the!e thin(! %hi&h He !aid (4ere) to !he% b) %hat death he !hou'd ('ori) ,od.































And %hen He had !aid thi! He !aid to hi- o''o% -e" An5" $h3 i/ n30 a/03ni/he5"0ha0" 4hen He /ai5 0he/e 0hin6/ 03 Hi/ Di/+i;le/" 0he8 /h31l5 9e ;re;are5 an5 rea58 03a5here 03 Him e7en 03 5ea0h F3r He 5i5 n30 5e+ei7e 0hem 98 in0ima0in6" 3r ;r3mi/in603 0hem" 0he 0hin6/ +3n/i5ere5 6335 in 0hi/ li:e & n3r 5i5 He 98 an8 /1+h mean/" all1re

0hem 03 6i7e 0heir a5he/i3n 03 Him & 910" He /im;l8 :3re03l5 0h3/e 397i31/ 03r01re/4hi+h /h31l5" 3n Hi/ a++31n0" 9e:all 0hem. An5 (/3) He ;re7i31/l8 /he4e5 03 Sim3n 0hem35e 3: +r1+i:i<i3n" 98 4hi+h he a:0er4ar5/ +l3/e5 hi/ li:e in 0he +i08 3: R3me" in 0hi/4hi+h He /ai5" /hen thou !ha't have be&o-e o'd thou !ha't !tret&h orth th) hand!and other! !ha'' (ird th) 'oin! or thee." An5 /imilarl8" He al/3 /he4e5 m8/0i+all8 in 0hi/4hi+h He /ai5" /hither I (o. thou &an!t not no% &o-e$ but ater a ti-e thou !ha't&o-e." N34" 0he/e 0hin6/ 4ere n30 /ai5 03 0hem all" 910 3nl8 03 Pe0er & 9e+a1/e i0 i/ heal3ne" 4h3" in 0he S+ri;01re" (i/ /ai5) /h31l5 en5 hi/ li:e a:0er 0he manner 3: 0he /1::erin63: 31r Sa7i31r.

Ho% He oreto'd to the re!t o Hi! Di!&i#'e! the #er!e&ution! %hi&h %ere about to ari!e

ti-e ater ti-e a(ain!t the-. Fr3m 0he #3/;el 3: Ma00he4.

2:. "Be%are o -en or the) !ha'' de'iver )ou u# to their Ru'er! and !ha'' !&our(e )ouin their S)na(o(ue! and !ha'' brin( )ou beore (overnour! and kin(! or -) !ake or ate!ti-on) to the-!e've! and to the ,enti'e!." An5 a6ain" "B'e!!ed are )e %hen the) #er!e&ute )ou and revi'e )ou and !a) ever) evi' (0hin6) a(ain!t )ou or -) !ake. Re7oi&e and e+u't !in&e (reat i! )our re%ard in heaven $ or !o the) #er!e&uted the Pro#het! %ho %ere beore )ou." N34" 0he 43n5er i/ 0hi/" (7i?.) 0he a55i0i3nal 43r5 here/a8in6" "or -) !ake." F3r i0 4a/ n30 /1::i+ien0" 0ha0 He /h31l5 3nl8 :3rekn34 an5 :3re0el0he ;er/e+10i3n/ @G 4hi+h /h31l5 ari/e a6ain/0 Hi/ Di/+i;le/& 910" 0ha0 He mi6h0 al/3/he4 0he +a1/e 3: 0he/e" He /ai5" the) !hou'd !uer the!e thin(! or Hi! !ake. N3r 4a/ i0

3n a++31n0 3: an8 e7il ;ra+0i+e/" n3r 8e0 :3r an8 30her :a1l0& 910"==(a/) He ;re7i31/l80e/0i:ie5"==0ha0 e7er8 0hin6 (3: 0hi/ /3r0) /h31l5 9e:all 0hem or Hi! !ake9 4hi+h i/ ;re/en0in 0he :a+0 :3r 31r in:3rma0i3n F3r i: an8 3ne" 51rin6 0he 0ime 3: 0he ;er/e+10i3n/"5enie5 3nl8 0ha0 he 4a/ a Chri/0ian" he 4a/ relea/e5 :r3m all 9lame an5 +a1/e 3:a++1/a0i3n. B10" /3 irre;rehen/i9le an5 /inle// 4ere 0he li7e/ 3: Hi/ Di/+i;le/ 03 9e" 0ha00he8 /h31l5 /1::er e7er8 /3r0 3: +alami08 :3r n3 30her +a1/e" e<+e;0 3nl8 0heir +3n:e//in6"an5 6i7in6 0e/0im3n8 03" Him. He 5i5 in5ee5" :1ll8 /0ir 1; an5 make20hem rea58 (:3r 0hi/)" 98 +3m;arin6 0hem 4i0h 0he an+ien0 Pr3;he0/ an5 Frien5/ 3: #35 & or " (/ai5 He)" evena! the) #er!e&uted the Pro#het! %ho %ere beore )ou !o !ha'' the) %ithout &au!e drive )ou out$ and ater the -anner o the Pro#het! !ha'' )e be #uni!hed be&au!e )e %or!hi#the ,od %ho i! over a''$ on %hi&h a&&ount the) a'!o #er!e&uted the Pro#het!. N34 0ha0

He /h31l5 :3re0el" 0ha0 e7en 637ern31r/ an5 kin6/ /h31l5 9e m37e5 98 0he/e 0hin6/& 0ha00he 0ime 4a/ 0hen a0 han5& 0ha0 He /h31l5 (/3) /;eak 4i0h Hi/ Di/+i;le/& an5 0ha0 Hi/43r5/ /h31l5 /3 +3me 03 ;a// an5 remain in :a+0" H34 6rea0l8 53e/ i0 e<+ee5 (all)43n5er F3r 0here ha7e 9een man8 30her/" 930h Bar9arian/ an5 #reek/" 4h3 ha7e /ai5an5 ;r3mi/e5 man8 4i/e 0hin6/ 03 0heir Di/+i;le/. O: 0he/e" /3me /1;;3/e5 0ha0 0here4a/ n3 #35& 30her/ annihila0e5 e7er8 +3n/i5era0i3n a9310 Pr37i5en+e& an5 30her/(re+ei7e5) 0h3/e 4h3 4ere 0h316h0 #35/ 98 0he man8, 30her/ ar3/e (a/) 0he lea5er/ 3:7i+i31/ :a+0i3n/& 30her/ (4h3 0h316h0)" 0ha0 Re!t -4a/ 0he e<0reme (6335) , an5 30her/"













0ha0 Re!t in5i/+rimina0el8 4a/& an5 4h3 in5ee5 0alke5 >1/0 a/ 0he8 mi6h0 9e+ir+1m/0an+e5. B10 ne7er 5i5 an8 3ne 3: 0he/e" @GJ ;re7i31/l8 5e0ermine /1+h 0hin6/ :3r Hi/ Di/+i;le/. N3r 53 4e kn34 3: an8 ;er/e+10i3n/ 0ha0 3;;3/e5 0hem" /1+h a/ 0h3/e4ere 0ha0 3;;3/e5 0he 0ea+hin6 3: 31r Sa7i31r. H34 0hen /hall 4e n30 43n5er" an5

+3n:e//" 0ha0 0he/e are in5ee5 0he 43r5/ 3: #35 ==0he/e (I /a8)" 4hi+h n30 3nl8 ;re7i31/l8 a00e/0e5" 0hr316h 0he Di7ine :3rekn34le56e" 0he ;er/e+10i3n/ 4hi+h /h31l5+3me 1;3n Hi/ Di/+i;le/& 910 al/3" ;re7i31/l8 ;3in0e5 310 0he +a1/e 3: 0he/e" 98 0hi/4hi+h He /ai5" 0ha0 the!e thin(! !hou'd ha##en to the- or Hi! !ake;

Ho% tho!e a'!o %ho %ere e6ua'! !hou'd ari!e and #er!e&ute ea&h other in the ti-e! othe #er!e&ution!. Fr3m 0he #3/;el 3: Ma00he4.

2;. The brother !ha'' de'iver hi! brother to death and the ather hi! !on9 and the&hi'dren !ha'' ri!e u# a(ain!t their #arent! and !ha'' &au!e the- to be #ut to death. And )e !ha'' be hated o a'' -en or -) na-e! !ake$ but he %ho !ha'' bear even to the end

!ha'' 'ive." N34" h34 0he/e 0hin6/ ha7e" e7en 03 0he ;re/en0 0ime" 9een :1l:ille5 in :a+0"$ha0 nee5 i/ 0here 0ha0 4e /h31l5 /he4 a0 len60h" /in+e 0he/e :a+0/ are /1;eri3r 03 allre;3r0 $e ha7e /een 033 4i0h 31r 34n e8e/" h34 man8 0hin6/ 3: 0hi/ /3r0 033k ;la+e" 930h 51rin6 0he ;er/e+10i3n/" an5 in 31r 34n 0ime/. N3r 53 831 /im;l8 hear 0hi/" 0ha0the brother !hou'd de'iver hi! brother to death& :3r e7en 0hi/ mi6h0 ha7e 9een a/ an8mere ma00er 3: 3;ini3n. B10 4e +an in7e/0i6a0e (0he +a/e)" an5 in:3rm 31r/el7e/ h34 i04a/" 0ha0 the brother de'ivered hi! brother to death."** $hen 3ne /1rren5er/ him/el: 03:ra0ernal a::e+0i3n" an5 +h33/e/ 0he l37e 3: li:e" an5 5enie/ #35" an5 ;ar0i+1larl8 4i0hre/;e+0 03 hi/ 9r30her" 4h3m he 4ill /3li+i0 an5 ;er/1a5e 03 43r/hi; i53l/& 4ill e<+i0e an5in7ei6le" ;100in6 :3r0h (hi/) :ra0ernal a::e+0i3n" /3 a/ 03 make him 5i/re6ar5 0he +3mman53: 31r Sa7i31r& 0hen in5ee5" 4ill the @GG brother de'iver u# hi! brother to the death o

hi! !ou'. In like manner al/3" 4ill 0he :a0her +a1/e hi/ /3n 03 err (98 en0i+in6)" an5 4ill ;er/1a5e him 03 43r/hi; 0he i53l/" an5 (/3) de'iver hi- to death. S3 al/3 the &hi'drentheir #arent!9 0he8 4ill" 0hr316h 0heir a::e+0i3n :3r 0hem" (/3) lea5 0hem 3n" 0ha0 0he8 4ill+h33/e 0he m3r0al li:e 4hi+h n34 i/" ra0her 0han 0ha0 4hi+h i/ 4i0h #35& an5 4ill (/3) 9e+3me 0he +a1/e" 930h 3: 0he 5ea0h an5 ;er5i0i3n 3: 0he /31l 3: 0heir ;aren0/J. An5man8 /1+h 0hin6/ a/ 0he/e" 5i5 4e 4i0ne// 4i0h 31r 34n e8e/" 51rin6 0he 0ime/ 3: 0he ;er/e+10i3n/ & /3 0ha0 in 0hem 4a/ :1l:ille5 0he (;re5i+0i3n) , Ye !ha'' be hated o a'' -en or -) na-e! !ake." In 0hi/ ;la+e al/3 4a/ 0hi/ a55i0i3n +are:1ll8 ma5e" 0ea+hin6 0heDi/+i;le/ 0ha0" i0 /h31l5 n30 9e :3r an8 ha0e:1l 5ee5" 910 :3r Hi! na-e! !ake the) !hou'dbe hated.

8n tho!e %ho !hou'd i-#ure') &o''e&t the-!e've! into Hi! 5hur&h and on the #uni!h-ent that !hou'd &o-e u#on the-. Fr3m 0he #3/;el 3: Ma00he4G.

2<. The kin(do- o heaven i! 'ike a net that e'' into the !ea and &o''e&ted o ever) !ort (3: :i/h) & and %hen it %a! u'' the) dre% it u# to the !hore and !ittin( do%n the) !e'e&ted tho!e that %ere (ood and #ut the- into ve!!e'!$ but the bad the) thre% a%a).Thu! !ha'' it be in the end o thi! %or'd9 the an(e'! !ha'' (o orth and !ha'' !e#arate theevi' ro- a-on( the 7u!t and !ha'' &a!t the- into a ier) oven9 there !ha'' be %ee#in(













and (na!hin( o teeth." The net"**4hi+h i/ here (;10) 98 a :i61re :3r 0he 43r5"== an54hi+h i/ 437en (a/ i0 4ere) :r3m 0he 7ari31/ min5 3: 0he 3l5 an5 ne4 S+ri;01re/" Hename/ Hi/ 34n 53+0rine , 0he :l1+01a0in6 li:e 3: man" 4hi+h i/ /19>e+0 03 har5/hi; in i0/53in6/ 3n a++31n0 3: 0he +alami0ie/ a00en5in6 i0" the !ea." O10 3: 0hi/ (/3r0 3:) li:e" a/

:r3m 0he /ea" 0he net" /3 :3re03l5" 4a/ 03 +a0+h 1; 0en/ 3: 0h31/an5/. An5 1n5er i0 4ere03 9e (0aken)" 0he 7ari31/ m1l0i015e/ 3: 0h3/e 3;;3/e5 @G 03 ea+h 30her in 0heir+hara+0er/& an5 3: 0he/e" 0he 6335 an5 9a5 in 0heir 5i/;3/i0i3n/. O: 0he/e 033 he /;3kem8/0i+all8" a/ 9ein6 +a16h0 1; :r3m 0he /ea a:0er 0he manner 3: :i/h" 4hen He /ai5 in 0he:ir/0 +allin6 3: Hi/ Di/+i;le/" o''o% -e and I %i'' -ake )ou i!her! o -en." Thi/+3lle+0in6 036e0her 0here:3re 3: /1+h men" 9a5 an5 6335" in Hi/ Ch1r+h"==a//em9le5 (a/0he8 are) 03 0hi/ 7er8 0ime"== 4a/ n30 1nkn34n 03 Him , :3r He 0a16h0" 0ha0 0he/e /ame/h31l5 a0 la/0 9e /e;ara0e5 98 0he An6el/" 4h3 /h31l5 9e a;;3in0e5 03 0hi/ (43rk) & an5(/3) /h31l5 0he ;1ni/hmen0" 51e 03 0he 5i/;3/i0i3n 3: ea+h 3ne" 9e a4ar5e5.

Ho% I-#o!tor! and Sedu&er! !hou'd inve!t the-!e've! %ith Hi! Do&trine and or-a'')

#re!ent the-!e've! to Hi-. Fr3m 0he #3/;el 3: Ma00he4 .

#%. Be%are o ')in( Pro#het! %ho &o-e to )ou in 'a-b! &'othin( but in%ard') 1are2ra#a&iou! %o've!. B) their ruit! )e !ha'' kno% the-. or -en do not (ather (ra#e! ro-thorn! nor i(! ro- thi!t'e!. So ever) (ood tree #rodu&eth (ood ruit but an evi' tree (iveth orth evi' ruit." He (here) +31n/elle5 (0hem) 98 Hi/ :3rekn34le56e" 03 9e4are 3:0h3/e 1n635l8 ;er/3n/" 4h3" a7ailin6 0hem/el7e/ 3: 0he 3;ini3n/ 3: 30her/" an5 3: 0he43r5/ 3: 0he S+ri;01re/ 3: Hi/ Di7ini08" /h31l5 in a:0er 0ime/ :3rmall8 a//1me 0he name3: Chri/0iani08. He al/3 /he4/ 0he mark/ an5 731+her/ 3: 0he e7il +3n+eale5 4i0hin 0hem"an5 4hi+h /h31l5 5e+ei7e 0he man8" 4hen /a8in6" B) their ruit! )e !ha'' kno% the-. N34 0he :r1i0/ 3: /1+h are 0he/e & 0he 1n635l8 43r5/ 100ere5 98 0hem& 0heir 1nri6h0e31/

an5 ;er7er/e manner 3: li:e. The/e 0hin6/ 0hen" 4hen 100ere5 an5 :3re03l5 98 31r Sa7i31r"a::3r5e5 a0 0ha0 0ime n3 7i/i9le 0e/0im3n8 4ha0e7er 03 0h3/e 4h3 hear5 0hem" (a/ 03 0heir0r10h) & 910" in a:0er 0ime/" 0he :a+0/ (/3) 5e+lare5 9e+ame 3;enl8 7i/i9le 03 all, 0he:3ll34er/ a++3r5in6l8 3: @G Mar+i3n" Valen0in1/" Ba/ili5e/" an5 0h3/e 30her+3rr1;0er/ 3: /31l/" /;ran6 1;" (7i?.) Bar5e/ane/-" an5 0ha0 ma5man in 3;ini3n 3:8e/0er5a8" an5 3: 31r 34n 0ime/" 4h3/e name 9e+ame 0he 0i01lar 9a56e 3: 0heMani+hean @G here/8& 4h3 all 9e+ame 0he /31r+e/ 3: l8in6 an5 1n635l8 53+0rine. N3r 5i5 0he8 30her4i/e +3me 03 li6h0" 910 a/ 3104ar5l8 +l30he5 4i0h 0he /kin/ 3: 31r Sa7i31r2/lam9/. An5 He ;lainl8 /08le5 Hi/ Di/+i;le/ "!hee#$" /a8in6" "M) !hee# hear -)voi&eJ," an5 a6ain" Beho'd I !end )ou a! !hee# a-on( %o've!G. O: 0he/e 0hen 0he83104ar5l8 a//1me5 0he manner" 4hile in 0hem/el7e/ 0he8 4ere "ra#a&iou!

%o've!." (An5)" H34 man8 0h31/an5/ 3: 0he /hee; 3: 31r Sa7i31r" 5i5 0he/e De+ei7er//na0+h a4a8 $h3" ;re/en0in6 0heir ;er/3n/ in :3rm a/ 03 Chri/0" a00a+he5 0hem/el7e/ 03Hi/ in/0r1+0i3n" an5 03 0he 0erm/ 3: 0he 53+0rine/ rela0in6 03 Hi/ #35hea5" an5 e<hi9i0e50hem/el7e/ a/ (Hi/) lam9/ B10" 0ha0 1n635l8 9i00erne// 4hi+h la8 (a/) in am91/h4i0hin 0hem" a5here5 /e+re0l8 03 0h3/e 4h3 ha5 9een en/nare5 98 0hem. The/e" 0here:3re"4h3 4ere n34 0h316h0 03 9e !hee#" 9e+a1/e 3: 0heir (0h1/) 5ra4in6 near (03 Him)"3;enl8 a;;eare5 a:0er4ar5/ 03 9e "ra#a&iou! %o've!." @ An5 hen+e" 31r Sa7i31r0a16h0 1/ ;re7i31/l8 03 9e4are 3: 0hem" 4hen He /ai5 98 4a8 3: in/0r1+0i3n" B) their



































ruit! )e !ha'' kno% the-."

Ho% even He and Hi! Di!&i#'e! !hou'd be thou(ht to have taken -en b) -ean! o Ma(i&ian! and o inter&our!e %ith De-on!.

#9. The di!&i#'e i! not (reater than hi! -a!ter nor the !ervant than hi! 'ord. It i! !ui&ient or the di!&i#'e that he be a! hi! -a!ter and or the !ervant a! hi! 'ord. And ithe) have &a''ed the :ord o the hou!e Bee'4ebub Ho% -u&h -ore the &hi'dren o hi!hou!eho'd; ear the- not thereore or there i! nothin( hidden that !ha'' not berevea'ed$ nor &on&ea'ed that !ha'' not be -ade kno%n. The !e4/ hel5 0ha0 Beel?e9194a/ an e7il Dem3n" an5 ;rin+e 3: 0he Dem3n/, 0he8 9la/;heme5 31r Sa7i31ra++3r5in6l8" (a::irmin6) 0ha0 98 0he ;34er 3: 0hi/" He e<;elle5 0he re/0 3: 0he Dem3n/:r3m men. B10" He re01rne5 0he 0r1e an/4er 03 0h3/e 4h3 0h316h0 0hi/" 4hi+h i/ al/34ri00en am3n6 Hi/ 43r5/. He :3re03l5 033" 03 Hi/ Di/+i;le/" 0ha0 0he8 al/3 /h31l5 9e0h316h0 03 37er+3me men" 0hr316h in0er+31r/e 4i0h Dem3n/ an5 Ma6i+ian/, 4hi+h 7er8

0hin6" n34 a::irme5 98 0he man8" ha/ /eale5 an5 +3n:irme5 0he ;re5i+0i3n 3: 31r Sa7i31r.He al/3 6a7e Hi/ 0e/0im3n8" 0ha0 0hi/ n30i3n" (/3) a/+ri9e5 03 0hem" /h31l5 +3me 03n30hin6" :r3m (0he +3n/i5era0i3n) 3: 0heir li7e/" an5 +3n51+0& 0heir ;1ri08 3: 53+0rine" an50ha0 (in+1l+a0in6) @ 0he 43r/hi; 3: #35. He /ai5 0here:3re" ear the- not$ or there i!nothin( hidden that !ha'' not be revea'ed nor &on&ea'ed that !ha'' not be -adekno%n." He 0here:3re re;r37e5 0he/e (Di/+i;le/)" :3r a +3n/i5era9le 0ime" 9e+a1/e 0he0hin6/ :3rmerl8 e/+a;in6 0he man8" ha5" 3n 0hi/ a++31n0" 9een /1;;3/e5 (98 0hem) 03 9ein+a;a9le 3: ;19li+a0i3n& a/ al/3 0h3/e" 9el3n6in6 03 0he 53+0rine/ 3: 0he (0r1e) 43r/hi; 3: #35" 3: 9ein6 ma5e 3;enl8 kn34n. B10" Hi/ 3r5inan+e/ an5 ;re+e;0/ ha7e n34 9eenma5e kn34n 03 e7er8 man & an5 He ha/ e<0in61i/he5 0ha0 (in>1ri31/) 3;ini3n re/;e+0in60hem" (Hi/ Di/+i;le/) 4hi+h ha5 :3rmerl8 9een hel5 98 0he man8.

8n tho!e %ho !hou'd re-ain in &o-#'ete ho'ine!! in Hi! 5hur&h and in the 'ieine+#erien&ed 1in &on7u(a'2 So&iet). Fr3m 0he #3/;el 3: Ma00he4.

#2. $hen He 5e0ermine5 :3r 0hem" 0ha0 (3ne) /h31l5 n30 lea7e hi/ 4i:e e<+e;0 in 0hema00er 3: :3rni+a0i3n " an5 Hi/ Di/+i;le/ /ai5 03 Him" I the &au!e o a -an %ith the%ie be thu! it i! not advanta(eou! to take %ive!$ I0 i/ 4ri00en" 0ha0 He /ai5 1;3n 0he/e0hin6/" "Ever) -an i! not !ui&ient or thi! -atter e+&e#t tho!e to %ho- it i! (iven.There are eunu&h! %ho %ere thu! ro- their -other! %o-b$ and there are eunu&h!%ho %ere 1-ade2 eunu&h! b) -en $ and there are eunu&h! %ho have -ade the-!e've!eunu&h! or the !ake o the kin(do- o heaven. He %ho &an bear 1it2 'et hi- bear 1it2." I0

i/ e7i5en0 :r3m 0he +3n0e<0 3: 0he S+ri;01re/" 0ha0 0here ne7er 4a/ am3n6 men" an5 ;ar0i+1larl8 am3n6 0he !e4/" an8 3ne 4h3 100ere5 98 re7ela0i3n an8 0hin6 like 0hi/ & 3r"4h3 5i5 an8 0hin6 like i0, 3r 0ha0" 0hr316h310 0he 4h3le +rea0i3n an5 am3n6 all na0i3n/"4he0her in 0he +i0ie/ 3r 7illa6e/" 0here 4ere m1l0i015e/" n30 3: men (3nl8)" 910 al/3 3:43men" 4h3 @ ke;0 0hem/el7e/ in ;er:e+0 h3line//" an5 0he /0a0e 3: 7ir6ini08"0hr316h 0he h3;e an5 e<;e+0a0i3n 3: 0he kin653m 3: hea7en. $e ha7e /een in 0he 7er8e<;erimen0 i0/el:" 0ha0 0he8 learne5 0he8 /h31l5 /33n 9e ;re;are5 :3r 0hi/. The :1l:ilmen0h34e7er" 3: 0he +laim 03 :3rekn34le56e" 4a/ n30 /im;l8 (reali?e5 here)& :3r 4e ha7e




















/een man8 men" 4ell kn34n 03 1/" 4h3 (a+01all8) a7aile5 0hem/el7e/ 3: 0he ir3n (kni:e")an5 ma5e e1n1+h/ 3: 0hem/el7e/ :3r n3 30her +a1/e" e<+e;0 0ha0 3: 0he h3;e 3: 0hekin653m 3: hea7en, 4h3 nei0her he/i0a0e5" n3r 4ere 4eak in 0he 53+0rine 3: 31r Sa7i31r" 910 /im;l8 an5 93l5l8 9e033k 0hem/el7e/ 03 0he 0hin6 i0/el: -. S3 0ha0 0he :3rekn34le56e

3: 31r Sa7i31r" e7en re/;e+0in6 0he/e 0hin6/" /e0/ 03 i0/ /eal" 0ha0 Hi/ 43r5 4a/ in 0r10h0he 43r5 3: #35. @-

8n the di!tin&tion o tho!e %ho !hou'd not %orthi') re&eive the !eed o Hi!do&trine. Fr3m 0he #3/;el 3: Ma00he4.

##. $hen a 6rea0 m1l0i015e 3: men ha5 +3me near Him" He 0h1/ :3re03l5 98 a ;ara9le4ha0 0h3/e /h31l5 9e" 4h3 /h31l5 re+ei7e 0he /ee5 3: Hi/ 53+0rine" /a8in6 , Beho'd a !o%er %ent orth to !o%9 and a! he !o%ed !o-e e'' b) the %a) !ide and the o%'! oheaven &a-e and devoured it9 and !o-e e'' on the ro&k %here there %a! not -u&hearth and i--ediate') it !#ran( orth $ and be&au!e there %a! no de#th o earth

beneath it! root it dried u#. And !o-e e'' a-on( thorn! and the thorn! !#ran( u# and&hoked it9 and !o-e e'' u#on (ood (round and it (ave orth ruit !o-e an hundred !o-e !i+t) and !o-e thirt)*o'd. A:0er 0he/e 0hin6/ He +rie5 310 an5 /ai5" He that hathear! to hear 'et hi- hear" A:0er 0hi/ al/3" He 4a/ a/ke5 98 Hi/ Di/+i;le/" 4ha0 0hein0er;re0a0i3n 3: 0he ;ara9le /h31l5 9e& an5 He 0a16h0 0hem" /a8in6" Hear )e thereorethe #arab'e o the !o%er. Ever) one that heareth the %ord o the kin(do- butunder!tandeth it not**the Evi' one &o-eth and !nat&heth the !eed out o hi! heart. Thi!i! that %hi&h i! !o%n b) the iva) !ide. And that %hi&h i! !o%n u#on the ro&k i! he %hoheareth the %ord and %ith readine!! re&eiveth it9 but not bein( &onir-ed therein he i!oended b) a 'itt'e a'i&tion. And that %hi&h e'' a-on( the thorn! i! he %ho heareth the%ord but the &are o the %or'd and the de&eitu'ne!! o ri&he! &hoke the %ord and it

re-aineth %ithout ruit. But that %hi&h i! !o%n on (ood (round i! he %ho heareth the%ord and under!tandeth it and #rodu&eth ruit !o-e an hundred !o-e !i+t) and !o-ethirt)*o'd." N34" $hen+e +31l5 i0 ha7e ha;;ene5 03 h1man na01re" n30 3nl8 03 5e+lare 97 (3ne2/) :3rekn34le56e /3me0hin6 0ha0 /h31l5 +3me in03 9ein6& 910 al/3" 03 5e0ermine0he kin5/ an5 /3r0/ 3: ;er/3n/ (4h3 /h31l5)" 1nle// in5ee5 He 4ere 0r1l8 THE $ORD 3: #35 ==He (I /a8)" 4h3 a0 0ha0 0ime (/3) ;r3;he/ie5 an5 0a16h0&==3: 4h3m i0 i/ /ai5" The/8RD 8 ,8D i! 'ive') (ener6e0i+)" and -ore !har# and &uttin( than the t%o*ed(ed !%ord and #a!!eth even to the #art! o the @ !ou' and o the bod) and o the 7oint!and -arro%$ and i! the 0ud(e o the thou(ht! and intention! o the heart and ro- %ho-no &reature i! hiddenJ; He 4ell 5e+lare5 0here:3re" 0he 5i/0in61i/hin6 mark/ 3: 0h3/e4h3 /h31l5 a:0er4ar5/ re+ei7e Hi/ 53+0rine/& an5 He al/3 :3re03l5" 0ha0 0h3/e 4h3 /h31l5

in im;1ri08 re+ei7e 0he /ee5 3: Hi/ in/0r1+0i3n" /h31l5 9e 3: 0hree kin5/& a/ /h31l5 in likemanner 0he 6335" 4h3 /h31l5 like 6335 6r31n5 hear m1+h" an5 6i7e 6rea0 in+rea/e 03 0he43r5 i0/el:. O: 0h3/e +3rr1;0er/ 3: 0he /ee5 033" 4hi+h /h31l5 :all in03 0heir /31l/" He5e+lare5 0here /h31l5 9e 0hree (m37in6) +a1/e/ , Ei0her :r3m 0he +3n/i5era0i3n/ 3: li:e"an5 0he +are 3: 0hin6/ n30 (a9/3l10el8) ne+e//ar8" an5 :r3m ri+he/ an5 ;lea/1re/"immer/in6 (a/ i0 4ere) 0he /ee5 /34n 4i0hin 0hem" an5 makin6 i0 re/em9le 0he /ee5+h3ke5 98 0h3rn/, 3r" 30her/ n30 re+ei7in6 i0 in03 0he 5e;0h 3: 0he min5" 910 imme5ia0el8e<0in61i/hin6 i0 4hen a::li+0i3n 37er0ake/ 0hem, 3r" 0he 0hir5 +a1/e ma8 9e" 0ha0 0he














/31r+e 3: 0he 5e/0r1+0i3n/ 3: 0he /ee5 4i0hin 0hem i/" 0he /1rren5erin6 3: a la< an5 rea58hearin6 03 (men) 4i/hin6 03 /e51+e 0hem" an5 03 /na0+h a4a8 0he /ee5 0ha0 ha5 :allen in030heir /31l/. An5 0he/e /ame are" in n3 30her 4a8 +10 3:: :r3m 9earin6 0he :r1i0 0ha0 i/ 3:#35" e<+e;0 a/ 98 3ne 3r 30her 3: 0he mean/ >1/0 men0i3ne5. B10 0h3/e 4h3 are 3;;3/e5

03 0he/e" an5 re+ei7e 0he /ee5 3: /al7a0i3n in03 a /31l 0ha0 i/ ;1re" an5 a min5 0ha0 i/5e730e5" 53 a6ain" a/ 0heir ;34er ma8 9e" 6rea0l8 in+rea/e 0heir :r1i0/. He m3re37era//imila0e/ 0he 5i/0in+0i3n/ 3: 0he/e" 03 0h3/e 3: 6335 an5 e<+ellen0 lan5/ 4hi+h 9rin6:3r0h /3me 0hir08" /3me /i<08" an5 /3me an h1n5re5=:3l5. F3r /1+h a/ 0he/e ;34er/ are"are 0h3/e 3++a/i3nall8 :31n5 in 0he /31l/ 3: men. The/e 0hin6/ 0here:3re" He ;r3;he/ie53n 0he/e ma00er/. B10" 3: 0he @J m1l0i015e 3: 0h3/e 4h3 /h31l5 in a:0er=0ime/ 9ear(m1+h) :r1i0" 0hr316h 0he in/0r1+0i3n 3: Hi/ 43r5/" He 0h1/ +rie5 310 an5 /ai5" Theharve!t i! (reat but the 'abourer! are e%. Pra) )e thereore the :ord o the harve!t that He %ou'd !end orth 'abourer! into Hi! harve!t G." An5 a6ain" 3: 0he/e /ame He /ai5 3nan30her 3++a/i3n , Do not )e )our!e've! !a) that there are )et our -onth! and theharve!t &o-eth ; :it u# )our e)e! and !ee the ie'd! that the) are %hite or the

harve!t 3" An5" $h3 53e/ n30 43n5er" 0ha0 He /h31l5 /he4 e7en 0he :e4ne// 3: 0h3/e4h3 /h31l5 in ;1ri08 9e 0he +hie:/ 3: Hi/ 43r5" :3r He /ai5" The 'abourer! are e%An5" a/ ;ra8er 4a/ ne+e//ar8 :3r 0he 390ainin6 3: 0he/e" He /ai5 0here:3re" Pra) )e the :ord o the harve!t that He !end orth 'abourer! into Hi! harve!t." $hen He /ai50here:3re" The !o%er %ent out to !o%" He al/3 /ai5" 0ha0 0here 4a/ an30her /34er" an5an30her /ee5 & an5 He al/3 /he4e5 an5 0a16h0" 4hen+e" an5 4hi0her" he 4en0 :3r0h 98 0he0hin6/ /ai5 in 0he ;ara9le imme5ia0el8 :3ll34in6 0hi/" 4hi+h i/ in 0hi/ :3rm,==

8n the tea&hin( o Heterodo+)" %hi&h !hou'd be !o%n to(ether %ith Hi! %ord in the !ou'! o -en. Fr3m 0he #3/;el 3: Ma00he4.

#$. He a55e5 an30her Para9le" an5 /ai5, The kin(do- o heaven i! 'ike to a -an %ho !o%ed (ood !eed in hi! ie'd. But %hen -en !'e#t the Ene-) &a-e and !o%ed Tare!a-on( the %heat and de#arted. /hen thereore the %heat !#ran( orth and #rodu&ed ruit the Tare! a##eared in 'ike -anner. And hi! !ervant! dre% near and !aid to hi- 98ur :ord Did!t not thou !o% (ood !eed in th) ie'd; /hen&e are there Tare! in it ; Buthe !aid to the- The -an 1%ho i!2 the Ene-) hath done thi!. The) !a) to hi-9 I! it th)%i'' thereore that %e (o 1and2 (ather the- ; But he @G !aid to the- No$ 'e!t %hi'e )e (ather the Tare! )e a'!o root u# the %heat %ith the-. :et the- both (ro% unti' theharve!t. And at the ti-e o harve!t I %i'' !a) to the rea#er! ,ather u# ir!t the Tare! and bind thein bund'e! or burnin($ but (ather )e the %heat into the (ranarie! (li0.0rea/1rie/). Thi/ /ame Para9le 033" He e<;laine5 03 Hi/ Di/+i;le/ in 0he h31/e" 4hen 0he8

5re4 near 03 Him an5 /ai5" E+#'ain to u! the Parab'e o the Tare! o the ie'd. And Hean!%ered the- and !aid9 The !o%er o the (ood !eed i! the Son o -an$ and the ie'd i!the %or'd. 1A! to2 the (ood !eed the!e are the &hi'dren o the kin(do-$ and the Tare!tho!e are the &hi'dren o the %i&ked one$ and the Ene-) %ho !o%ed the- i! the A&&u!er. And the harve!t i! the end o the %or'd and the rea#er! are the An(e'!. Even thereorea! the Tare! are (athered u# and a'' into the ire$ !o !ha'' it be at the end o thi! %or'd.The Son o -an !ha'' !end Hi! An(e'! and the) !ha'' (ather out o Hi! kin(do- a''oen&e! and tho!e that do evi' and !ha'' &a!t the- into the ,ehenna - o ire9 there


















!ha'' be %ee#in( and (na!hin( o teeth. And then !ha'' the ri(hteou! !hine in thekin(do- o their ather. He that hath ear! to hear 'et hi- hear . O1r Sa7i31r /he4e50here:3re" 98 Hi/ e<;lana0i3n 3: 0he Para9le" 0he/e 0hin6/ (7i?.)" 4h3 0he /34er 0ha0 4en0310 03 /34 0he /ee5 4a/" an5 4ha0 0he /ee5 4a/ 4hi+h He +a/0 :3r0h" in 0he e<;re//i3n/,

The !o%er o the (ood !eed i! the Son o -an $ and the ie'd i! the %or'd." F3r He1/1all8 +alle5 Him/el: 0he Son o -an" 3n a++31n0 3: Hi/ 63in6 a9310 am3n6 men-.He 0here:3re %ent orth :r3m @ 4i0hin-" an5 +ame 310. $here 0hen 4a/He %ithin 910 a937e 0he 43rl5 4here (in5ee5) He e<i/0e5& an5 in 0he en5 3: 0he43rl5-- He &a-e orth an5 +ame 534n 03 1/" 4h3 4ere%ithout (310 3:) 0he kin653m 3:hea7en. An5 4i0h Him He 9r316h0 0he hea7enl8 /ee5" 4hi+h He /34e5 in 0he /31l/ 3:men a/ in 5i/0in61i/he5 lan5/. F3r 0he Para9le ;la+e5 9e:3re 1/ 0ea+he/ re/;e+0in6 0he:iel5" a/ 3: 4ha0 /3r0 i0 i/" in03 4hi+h He +a/0 0he /ee5&==4hi+h /a8/" The ie'd i! the%or'd & an5 i0 /he4/ 3: 0hi/ :iel5" 0ha0 i0 9el3n6/ 03 n3ne 910 Him/el:&==03 Him 4h3 +ame:3r0h :r3m the inner #art o Hi! kin(do- 03 0h3/e 4h3 4ere %ithout (310 3: i0)" 4hen/a8in6" the !ervant! dre% near and !aid to Hi- "8ur :ord did!t not thou !o% (ood

!eed in THY ie'd He 0here:3re 0a16h0 ;lainl8" 0ha0 e7en 0hi/ :iel5 i/ Hi/ 34n , an5 0hi/He in0er;re0e5 an5 /he4e5" 4a/ 0he 43rl5. In 0he :3rmer Para9le 0here:3re" He /he4e5Hi/ :3rekn34le56e a/ 03 4ha0 0he 5i/0in+0i3n/ 3: 0h3/e 431l5 9e" 4h3 /h31l5 re+ei7e 0he/ee5 in03 0heir /31l/& 910 in 0hi/" 4hi+h i/ ;la+e5 9e:3re 1/" 0he ;er7er/e 53+0rine/ an5err3r/ 3: 0he 1n635l8 Here0i+k/, 4hen n30 3ne 3: 0hem ha5 8e0 /3 e/0a9li/he5 him/el:am3n6 men Ne7er0hele//" i0 4a/ n30 1nkn34n 03 Him 0ha0 0hi/ /h31l5 +3me 03 ;a//. F3r"a/ :al/e /+ri;01re/ 4ere /+a00ere5 a/ /ee5 in /1++ee5in6 0ime/ 0hr316h310 0he 4h3le ear0h"4i0h en31n+emen0/ a//imila0e5 03 0h3/e 3: Hi/ 53+0rine" 98 an 3;;3/in6 na01re" n301nlike 0he Tare/ (/34n) am3n6 Hi/ ;1re 43r5/ an5 li:e=6i7in6 53+0rine/-&==an5 0here arem8ria5/ e7en 03 0hi/ 0ime" /3me 3: 4h3m make 0heir 93a/0 3: Mane/" /3me 3: Mar+i3n"an5 /3me 3: 30her/" 3: 0h3/e (I /a8) 4h3 ;10 :3r0h 1n635l8 he0er353<8" an5 Tare!" (a/ i0

4ere)" a//imila0e5 03 0he 53+0rine 3: 31r Sa7i31r& makin6 1/e 3: Hi/ name" an5 h3l5in6:al/e 933k/ 3: 0he #3/;el/,==910 he 4h3 4a/ 0he Fa0her 3: 0he/e 0hin6/& @ ==he 4h3:ir/0 /34e5 0hem in 0he /31l/ 3: 0h3/e 4h3 re+ei7e5 him" 4a/ 0he A++1/er him/el:, /3 He(31r Sa7i31r) 4ell e7in+e5" 98 0he Di7ine ;34er" 0he :3rekn34le56e 3: 4ha0 /h31l5+3me 03 ;a//& an5 0he/e 0hin6/ He ;re7i31/l8 0e/0i:ie5" 4hi+h ha7e 9een 0h1/ :1l:ille5 in:a+0& an5 a++3r5in6l8 0heir :1l:ilmen0 4a/" a/ Hi/ 43r5/ (ha5 :3re/he4n). A/ He0here:3re 0r1l8 /he4e5 :3r0h 0he/e 0hin6/" an5 a/ 4e /ee in 0he :a+0/ 0hem/el7e/" 0he:1l:ilmen0 3: 0he/e ;re5i+0i3n/ 3: 31r Sa7i31r& /3 316h0 4e al/3 03 0hink" 0ha0 0he re/0/hall +3me 03 ;a//. An5 0he/e are" "the harve!t"" "the end" an5 "the an(e'! therea#er!9" al/3 0ha0 0he Tare/ /hall 9e 6a0here5" an5 /hall :all in03 0he :ire,==0he e<0reme6335 0hin6/ 033 3: 0h3/e" 4h3 /hall ha7e ;re/er7e5 an5 m1l0i;lie5 0he li7in6" ;1re" an5

li:e=6i7in6 /ee5 & 3: 4h3m i0 i/ /ai5" Then !ha'' the ri(hteou! !hine a! the !un in thekin(do- o their ather."

8n tho!e %ho !hou'd a'!e') na-e the-!e've! the 5hri!t . Fr3m 0he #3/;el 3: Ma00he4-J.

#!. /hen He !at on the -ount o 8'ive! Hi! Di!&i#'e! dre% near !a)in( bet%eenthe-!e've! and Hi- Te'' u! /hen !ha'' the!e thin(! be ; and /hat i! the !i(n o th)&o-in( and o the end o the %or'd ; And 0e!u! an!%ered the- and !aid See that no


















-an de&eive )ou9 or -an) !ha'' &o-e in -) na-e and !ha'' !a) I a- the 5hri!t$ and !ha'' de&eive -an)" An5 a6ain" a:0er a :e4 0hin6/ He /ai5" -G I at that ti-e an) one !a)to )ou the 5hri!t i! here or there$ be'ieve )e not. or a'!e 5hri!t! !ha'' ari!e and a'!e Pro#het! and !ha'' (ive (reat !i(n! and %onder! !o that i it %ere #o!!ib'e the) !hou'd

de&eive even the e'e&t. Beho'd I have oreto'd (i0) to )ou-. I thereore the) !ha'' !a) to )ou Beho'd He i! in the de!ert (o not orth$ or Beho'd He i! in the &ha-ber (i0) not. or a! the 'i(htnin( !hineth ro- the @ Ea!t and i! !een even to the /e!t$ !o !ha'' the&o-in( o the Son o Man be" An5 3n an30her 3++a/i3n" 4hen /;eakin6 4i0h 0he !e4/"He a55e5 0he/e 0hin6/ an5 /ai5" - Ia- &o-e in the na-e o -) ather and )e re&eive-e not$ but i another &o-e in hi! o%n na-e hi- )e %i'' re&eive." The/e 0hin6/ He:3re03l5 4hen 4arnin6 Hi/ Di/+i;le/ a6ain/0 0he l8in6 An0i+hri/0" 4h3m 0he8 4eree<;e+0in6, an5 3ne (3: 0he/e) /he4e5 3: an30her in 0he E;i/0le 03 0he The//al3nian/" 4h3(/h31l5 9e) in (0he 0ime 3:) the end -. B10" 0ha0 30her/ al/3 /h31l5 9e 9e:3re 0hi/" 31rSa7i31r Him/el: :3re03l5 in /e7eral ;la+e/, or -an)" /ai5 He" !ha'' &o-e in -)na-e and !ha'' !a) I a- the 5hri!t and !ha'' de&eive -an)." An5 0here 4ere man8

(/1+h) a:0er (0he/e) Hi/ 43r5/. An5 /3 0he Samari0an/ 4ere :3r0h4i0h ;er/1a5e5 0ha0D3/i0he1/" 4h3 4a/ a:0er 0he 0ime/ 3: 31r Sa7i31r" 4a/ 0he ;r3;he0 3: 4h3m @ M3/e/ ;re5i+0e5 . An5 he /3 5e+ei7e5 0hem" 0ha0 0he8 5e+lare5 he 4a/ 0he Chri/0.O0her/ a6ain" in 0he 0ime/ 3: 0he A;3/0le/" name5 Sim3n Ma61/ the (reat #o%er o,od an5 0h316h0 0ha0 he 4a/ 0he Chri/0. O0her/ (0h316h0 0he /ame) 3: M3n0an1/- inPhr86ia, an5 30her/ a6ain" 3: 30her/" in an30her ;la+e. N3r 5i5 0he 5e+ei7er/ +ea/e. An5 i0i/ ne+e//ar8 4e /h31l5 /1;;3/e" 0ha0 0here 4ere man8 /1+h a/ 0he/e& /3 0ha0 e7en :r3m0hem" 0e/0im3n8 ma8 9e ha5" a/ 03 0he reali08 3: 31r Sa7i31r2/ :3rekn34le56e. O1rSa7i31r 0a16h0 m3re37er" 0ha0 Hi/ 6l3ri31/ /e+3n5 +3min6 /h31l5 n30 a6ain 9e" a/ i0 4a/a0 0he :ir/0" in /3me 3ne ;la+e" /3 0ha0 i0 ma8 9e /1;;3/e5 03 9e 7i/i9le in /3me +3rner 3:0he ear0h, an5" 0ha0 n3 3ne /h31l5 0h1/ 0hink" He /ai5" I an) one !ha'' !a) to )ou

Beho'd the 5hri!t i! here or i! there be'ieve )e not." F3r 3;ini3n/ /1+h a/ 0he/e+3m;3r0 98 n3 mean/ 4i0h Him" 910 4i0h 0h3/e :al/e Chri/0/ an5 :al/e Pr3;he0/. Hein5ee5 a;;eare5 3n+e in 0he :3rm 3: man" an5 in a +er0ain 5i/0ri+0. B10" 3: 4ha0 /3r0 hi/6l3ri31/ /e+3n5 +3min6 :r3m hea7en /h31l5 9e" He 0a16h0 an5 /ai5" or a! the'i(htnin( (oeth orth @ ro- the Ea!t and i! !een even to the /e!t$ !o a'!o !ha'' the&o-in( o the Son o Man be."

8n the event! that !hou'd ha##en at the end o thin(!. Fr3m 0he #3/;el 3: Ma00he4J.

#. Ye !ha'' hear indeed o %ar! and ru-our! o %ar!9 !ee that )e be not -oved or iti! ne&e!!ar) the) !hou'd be$ but the End i! not )et. or nation !ha'' ri!e a(ain!t nation

and kin(do- a(ain!t kin(do-. And there !ha'' be a-ine! and #e!ti'en&e! and&o--otion!G in diver! #'a&e!. And a'' the!e are the be(innin( o !orro%!. Then !ha'' the) (ive )ou u# to a'i&tion and !ha'' ki'' )ou in diver! #'a&e!. And a'' the!e are thebe(innin( o !orro%!. Then !ha'' the) (ive )ou u# to a'i&tion and !ha'' ki'' )ou & and )e !ha'' be hated b) a'' nation! or -) na-e! !ake." An5 a:0er 0hi/ He a55e5" an5 /ai5"GThen !ha'' -an) !tu-b'e and !ha'' betra) one another and !ha'' hate one another. And -an) a'!e #ro#het! !ha'' ari!e and !ha'' de&eive -an). And be&au!e o theabundan&e o ini6uit) the 'ove o -an) !ha'' %a+ &o'd. But he %ho !ha'' bear unti' the




































End !ha'' 'ive. And the ,o!#e' o the kin(do- !ha'' be #rea&hed in the %ho'e %or'd orthe te!ti-on) o a'' nation!$ and then &o-eth the End." He +learl8 :3re03l5 al/3 98 0he/e0hin6/" 0ha0 Hi/ @ #3/;el /h31l5" 3: ne+e//i08" :ir/0 9e ;rea+he5 in 0he 4h3le +rea0i3n":3r 0he 0e/0im3n8 3: all na0i3n/" and then !hou'd the END &o-e. F3r 0he END 3: 0he

43rl5 /h31l5 n30 +3me" 9e:3re (0he #3/;el) ha5 9een ;rea+he5& 910" 4hen Hi/ 43r5/h31l5 ha7e /3 0aken e::e+0 am3n6 all na0i3n/" 0ha0 0he ;e3;le /h31l5 9e :e4" am3n64h3m Hi/ #3/;el ha5 n30 9een ;rea+he5& /3 al/3 /h31l5 0he 0ime 3: 0he END 9e /h3r0(in i0/ +3min6). He :1r0her 0ea+he/ an5 @- /a8/" Ye !ha'' hear o %ar! and ru-our! o%ar!9 !ee that )e be not -oved or it i! ne&e!!ar) the) !hou'd be$ but the End i! not )et." He al/3 /he4/ 4hen 0hi/ /hall 9e" :3r He /a8/" "The ,o!#e' o the kin(do- !ha'' be #rea&hed in the %ho'e &reation or the te!ti-on) o a'' nation!9 and then &o-eth theend." $hen al/3" "a-ine! and #e!ti'en&e! and &o--otion! (/hall 9e) in diver! #'a&e!and nation !ha'' ri!e a(ain!t nation and kin(do- a(ain!t kin(do-" an5 0here /hall 9e37er4helmin6 ;er/e+10i3n/" an5 6rea0 a::li+0i3n/. A:0er 0he/e 0hin6/ 033" He /a8/" And )e !ha'' be hated o a'' nation!" n30 3n a++31n0 3: an8 30her ha0e:1l a+0/" 910 "or -)

na-e! !ake.

#:. The/e ;r33:/ 3: 0he Di7ine mani:e/0a0i3n 3: 31r Sa7i31r" 4hi+h 4e ha7e 0h1/ :ar/een" are a0 0he /ame 0ime 5em3n/0ra0i7e" 0ha0 930h 0he 43r5/ an5 5ee5/ (ha5 in 7ie4) areDi7ine. F3r in :3rmer 0ime/" 0he 43r5/ 4ere /im;l8 hear5& 910 n34" in 31r 0ime/" 0he:1l:ilmen0 3: 0he/e 43r5/ i/ 3;enl8 7i/i9le in 5ee5" 036e0her 4i0h ;34er/ e+li;/in6 0h3/e3: all m3r0al na01re. An5" i: men 4ill n30 9e ;er/1a5e5 98 0he/e" 4e 316h0 n30 03 43n5er, 9e+a1/e i0 i/ 1/1al 4i0h man !o 03 re/i/0 0hin6/ 0he m3/0 ;lain" a/ e7en 03 5are 03 3;;3/e 98 hi/ 43r5/ 0he e<i/0en+e 3: an 1ni7er/al Pr37i5en+e& an5 hen+e al/3" 03 5en8 #35him/el: An5 0h1/ al/3" 4ill he 5i/in6en131/l8 +3n0en5 a6ain/0 man8 30her 0hin6/" 034hi+h 0he 0r10h 9ear/ 0e/0im3n8. B10" a/ 0he in>1ri31/ +3n51+0 3: 0he/e 5e0ra+0/ in n3

re/;e+0 :r3m 0he 43r5" 4hi+h i/ in i0/ 34n na01re 0r1e& /3 al/3 4ill 0he 4i+ke5 1n9elie: 3: men" in n3 4a8 in>1re 0he e7i5en0 e<+ellen+8 3: 0he #35hea5 3: 31r Sa7i31r. B10" i: i0 i/ri6h0 @ 0ha0 4e /h31l5 +3m;3/e" :3r 0he/e al/3" a :3rm (3: ;re/+ri;0i3n) +3n51+in6 03in0elle+01al heal0h & i0 i/ 0ime 0ha0 4e /h31l5 here a6ain ;re/en0" :3r 0heir 1/e" (30her) ;r33:/ 3: 0he (0r10h 3: 0he) #3/;el" an5 n34 al/3 re+i0e 0he 0hin6/" 4hi+h ha7e :3rmerl8 9een in7e/0i6a0e5 4i0h re:eren+e 03 30her (39>e+03r/)" a/ 03 0h3/e 4h3 4ill n30 9e ;er/1a5e5 98 0he 0hin6/ (hi0her03) /ai5.

The End o the ourth B33k 1o E1/e9i1/) o 5ae!area.


. S8r. KS8ria+L" li0. hi! &hi'd9 910" a/ 0hi/ i/ ;r39a9l8 a 0ran/la0i3n 3: 0he#reek pai~j" 4hi+h /i6ni:ie/ bo) an5 0hen+e ei0her &hi'd 3r !ervant*bo) I ha7e 0h316h0













i0 9e/0 03 ren5er i0 98 0he En6li/h" bo)4hi+h i/ e1all8 in5e:ini0e 4i0h 0he #reek.

. All15in6" ;erha;/" 03 #en. <<<ii. J=" +3m;. 4i0h H3/. <ii. .

-. - Thi/ an5 0he :3ll34in6 re+i0al are 0aken" in 0he main" :r3m Ma00" 7iii. J. /e. 4i0h 0hea55i0i3n 3: "be'oved" (S8r. KS8ria+L) :r3m 0he ;arallel ;a//a6e in 1ke 7ii. . I0 5i::er/+3n/i5era9l8 :r3m 0he Pe/+hi03" an5 i/ ;r39a9l8 0he ren5erin6 3: 31r S8ria+ Tran/la03r"4i0h 0he 43r5/ 3: 0he Pe/+hi03" h34e7er" in hi/ mem3r8. The 6rea0e/0 7arie08 +3n/i/0/ in0hi/" 0ha0 31r 0e<0 ha/ here" 5hi'iar&h (S8r. KS8ria+L) 5a#tain o a thou!and in/0ea53: 5enturion 3: 0he #reek an5 S8ria+ S+ri;01re/. I ha7e a++3r5in6l8 6i7en 5hi'iar&h inm8 0ran/la0i3n. Thi/ rea5in6 i/ +er0ainl8 e<0ra3r5inar8.

. I ha7e n30 0h316h0 i0 ne+e//ar8 here 03 :3ll34 0he 7er9ia6e 3: 0he S8ria+" 4hi+h 6i7e/"KS8ria+L. 8 tho!e %ho re!ide at the ri!in(! o the da) and in 6uarter! o the Ea!t and at the !ettin(! o the Sun.I a55 0hi/ merel8 :3r 0he /ake 3: 0he S015en0 3: 0he S8ria+.

J. i0. S#aniard! and ,au'!.

G. I0 i/ +3mm3nl8 a//1me5 98 0he R3man Ca0h3li+/" 0ha0 Chri/0iani08 4a/ 1nkn34n inBri0ain 1n0il A1/0in 0he M3nk in0r351+e5 i0 a0 0he +3mman5 3: #re63r8 0he #rea0. $i0hh34 m1+h 0r10h 0hi/ i/ 53ne 0he rea5er 4ill /ee" 4hen he :in5/ 0ha0 0he Fa0her/ 6enerall8a//er0e5 0he +3n0rar8. See 0he 1< E7an6eli+a 3: Fa9ri+i1/" an5 S0illin6:lee02/ Ori6ine/ E++le/iae Bri0anni+ae.

. - Ma00. 7iii. .

. 1ke <iii. " .

. J Ma00. i7. .

. A/ an e<0ra+0 :r3m 0he #reek 3ri6inal 3: 0hi/ ;la+e ha/ 9een ;re/er7e5 in 0heIm;erial i9rar8 3: Vienna (am9e+ii <lii. Ne//elii l<<i.) an5 4hi+h ha/ 9een kin5l8+3mm1ni+a0e5 03 me 98 i0/ learne5 i9rarian Dr %3;i0ar" 0hr316h 0he in0er7en0i3n 3: 0heRi6h0 H3n31ra9le 3r5 Na;ier" I /hall here 6i7e i0. I 6i7e Dr %3;i0ar2/ 4h3le 0ran/+ri;0. E</+ri;01m e C35i+e The3l. 6rae+3. Vin539. :3l. . 7. a5 1+. 7. G. 5e re0ir1;03, !u0se*i/ou e50aggei~ qeofa& .,. == r19r3 +3l3re. araeeu&etai#e\n pe&trw o 67 aa&sai ei0j a1gran ta_ di/tua7 o de\ to_

prostetag#e/non e0poi/ei8 wj de\ sune/eisan p%~qoj i0qu&wnpou_7 ai\ dierr%&gnuto ta_ di/tua tw~ p%&qei *arou&#ena9prosaou~ntai #e\n ei0j *o%&qeian tou_j e0n tw~ geitniw~ni: poi/w7ei0t a0neu&santej tou_j i0qu&aj9 p%rou~sin a1#fw ta_ sa&f%7 wji:nduneu&ein au0ta_ *udi:sq%~nai8 e0f0 oi;j o pe&troja0poqau#a&saj e0"epa&g%7 a0na&"io&n te eauto_n t%~j



srio&n () e0pi*a&sewj w#oo&gei ,== /e. r19. gr%& qeoog.,.

An30her e<0ra+0" 4i0h 4hi+h I 4a/ :a731re5 0hr316h 0he /ame +hannnel" 4ill 9e :31n5 inB33k 7. /e+0. -.

. The #reek Ora0. 5e la155. C3n/0an0. e<0ra+0 e<0en5/ 03 0hi/ ;la+e.

. Thi/ i/ 6i7en a937e a/ a ;rin+i;le.

-. O1r a10h3r here /;eak/ a/ an inha9i0an0 3: Cae/area.

. Ma00. 7. =G.

J. - I/. i<. " .

G. I: i0 /h31l5 9e ima6ine5" 0ha0 E1/e9i1/ in0en5e5 a937e 03 a//i6n an8 ;reeminen+e 03Pe0er in 0he 43rk 3: e7an6eli?in6 0he 43rl5" 0hi/ ;la+e 431l5 9e /1::i+ien0 03 +3rre+0 an8/1+h n30i3n. Pe0er 4a/" a/ 0he ;rimar8 A;3/0le 3: 0he #en0ile/" 7er8 hi6hl8 h3n31re5, i04a/ Pa1l ne7er0hele//" 4h3" a:0er hi/ +3n7er/i3n" 9e+ame 0he m3/0 a91n5an0 la931rer 3:0hem all.

. !3hn 7iii. " *+.

. - I9. i. .

. Ma00. <. " .

. G Ma00" <<7iii. " 03 0he en5. The 5i::eren+e/ :r3m 0he Pe/+hi03 are /li6h0" an5 /1+h a/03 /he4" a/ 9e:3re" 0ha0 0he Tran/la03r ha7in6 0he 43r5/ 3: 0he Pe/+hi03 in hi/ min5"ra0her 0ran/la0e5 a:re/h 0han :3ll34e5 i0 li0erall8.==All 0he/e hea5in6/ :3ll34in6 are" in 0heMS. 6i7en a/ R19ri+/.

. P/. ii. . Ci0e5 al/3" Dem3n/0r. E7an6. i9. i7. +a;. <. ;. G. D.

. I 53 n30 /ee h34 0hi/ +31l5 +3me 310 3: 0he m310h 3: an Arian.

-. - The ;la+e here re:erre5 03 i/ De10. <<<ii. " a/ 6i7en in 0he Ver/i3n 3: 0he

Se;01a6in0, 4here 4e ha7e" K#reekL O10 3: 0hi/ /eem/ 03 ha7e 3ri6ina0e5 0he n30i3n 3:An6el/ ;re/i5in6 37er 0he /e7eral re6i3n/ 3: 0he Ear0h, an5" 0hen+e" am3n6 0he hea0hen"3: De-on! 53in6 0hi/, a n30i3n ;re7ailin6 :ar an5 4i5e in 0he Ea/0 a0 0hi/ 7er8 5a8. TheHe9re4 ha/ here" 5hi'dren o I!rae'$" 4hen+e 0he n30i3n am3n6 0he !e4/" 0ha0 0here4ere na0i3n/ 3n 0he ear0h" an5 a/ man8 lan61a6e/& 9e+a1/e 0hi/ 4a/ 0he n1m9er/1;;3/e5 03 ha7e 63ne 534n 4i0h !a+39 in03 E68;0. The 4h3le h34e7er" i/ a 6r3//mi/0ake" 4hi+h ha/ ari/en 310 3: a :al/e in0er;re0a0i3n 3: 0he He9re4 0erm KHe9re4L"/i6ni:8in6 enu-eration a! 4ell a/ nu-ber. The /en/e 3: 0he ;la+e 4ill 0hen



9e" a&&ordin( to the enu-eration 1a&&ount 3r !tate-ent2 o the &hi'dren o I!rae'9 i. e. a/:31n5 in 0heir S+ri;01re/. Thi/ S+ri;01re i/ al/3 130e5" Dem3n/0r. E7an6. i9. i7. +a;.7ii& 910 0he rea/3nin6 5i::er/. See al/3 i9. +a;. <. ;. G-. See al/3 Ori6en +3n0ra Cel/. i9.7. ;. J" *+. An e<0ra+0 i/ 6i7en :r3m 0he Theo#hania in 0he S+ri;03r1m Ve0er1m N37a

C3lle+0i3" T3m. 7iii. ;. " 98 Si6ni3r An6el3 Mai in 0he/e 43r5/, K#reekL I: 0hi/ e<0ra+0 9el3n6/ 03 an8 ;ar0 3: 0hi/ 43rk" i0 m1/0" I /1;;3/e" 9e 03 0hi/& a/ I kn34 3: n3 30her ;la+e a0 all like i0" Fr3m 0he le00er Beta 9ein6 a00a+he5 03 0he e<0ra+0" 3ne 431l5 ima6ine0ha0 0he !e&ond B33k 4a/ mean0& 910 +er0ainl8" 31r /e+3n5 B33k +3n0ain/ n3 /1+h ma00er.All I +an /ee in i0" I m1/0 +3n:e//" i/" 0ha0 0he 4ri0er 3: 0he C35e< men0i3ne5 98 Si6ni3rMai 3nl8 in0en5e5 03 6i7e a /3r0 3: C3mmen0 3n 0hi/ ;la+e 3: 0he The3;hania" an5 3ne4hi+h /eem/ 03 ha7e +3me 3ri6inall8 :r3m 0he !e4/, i0 9ein6 m1+h 3: a ;ie+e 4i0h 0he0ra5i0i3nar8 n3n/en/e en0er0aine5 98 0ha0 ;e3;le" 910 1i0e :3rei6n 03 0he manner 3:E1/e9i1/" 4h3 ne7er in51l6e/ in +a99ali/0i+ rea/3nin6 3: 0hi/ /3r0. N3r i/ 0he Si6ni3r(n34 Car5inal) +3rre+0 4hen he /a8/,==Theo#hania /e1 ;19li+a Chri/0i 7i0a" (1+. +a;.- ), nei0her 0he 0erm" n3r 0he +3n0en0/ 3: 0he 43rk" n3r 0he S+ri;01re +i0e5" >1/0i:8in6

/1+h an a//er0i3n. N3r 53e/ 0he 43r5 a0nefa&n%|" re:erre5 03" e7en hin0 a0 0hee<i/0en+e 3: 0hi/ 43rk. All 0he ;a//a6e in 0he Chr3ni+3n in0en5/ e7i5en0l8 i/" 0ha0 31r3r5 a##eared (a0nefa&n%|) in 0he :i:0een0h 8ear 3: Ti9eri1/ Cae/ar. The Car5inal0ell/ 1/ m3re37er" 0ha0 he ha/ 5i/+37ere5 <7iii. 30her :ra6men0/ 3: 0hi/ 43rk" 4hi+h heha/ ;rin0e5 in 0he /e+3n5 e5i0i3n 3: hi/ :ir/0 73l1me. B10 0hi/ e5i0i3n I ha7e n30 8e0 9eena9le 03 :in5 in 0hi/ +31n0r8& I +an /a8 n30hin6 0here:3re a9310 0he/e e<0ra+0/.

. A 7er8 +3mm3n 0erm" 1/e5 03 5e/i6na0e 0he 0r1e reli6i3n, i0 i/ al/3 :re1en0l8 1/e5in 0he He9re4 Bi9le in 0hi/ /en/e.

J. All15in6 03 0he 5enial 3: Pe0er. Ma00. <<7i. .

G. - 1ke <<i7. . /e.

. The ;hra/e3l368 3: 0he S8ria+ 5e/er7e/ n30i+e here. I0 r1n/ 0h1/" li0erall8" In the%ho'e hearin( (i. e. 1n5er/0an5in6) thereore o a'' the nation! ha! He -ade the!e Hi!%ord! $ bein( varied and tran!'ated *+. The 0erm KS8ria+L i/ 1/e5 here" an5 /i6ni:ie/" a/i0 53e/ al/3 a937e" B33k in. /e+0. -" 0he 1n5er/0an5in6 3: lan61a6e/.

. Ma00. <<7i. -" *+. +i0e5 98 The353re0. #r. a::e+0. +1ra0. E5. #ai/:3r5" ;. .Chr8/3/0. H3m. Ma00. . E5i0. M3n0:. T3m. 7ii. ;. J.

. The 0erm thi! (S8r. KS8ria+L) ma8" in5ee5" here re:er 03 the 43man >1/0 name5 , I am5i/;3/e5 ra0her 03 0hink 0ha0 i0 re:er/ 03 thi! 63/;el" 3r 53+0rine" 0erme5 KS8ria+L a937e.

-. Ma00. <7i. J. /e. A/ 0hi/ ;a//a6e i/ im;3r0an0" I 6i7e 0he S8ria+ 3: i0 here" 4hi+h/0an5/ 0h1/, KS8ria+L. !1/0in Mar08r 0ake/ 0hi/ ;a//a6e in 0he /ame 4a8 , (Dial36. +1mTr8;h3ne. ;. JJ. . E5. S8l91r6") K#reekL. E10h8mi1/ 6i7e/ 0he /en/e 0h1/, Th31 ar0Pe0er" a/ a9310 03 9e a r3+k 3: 0he :ai0h" a:0er 0he 5enial (3: Chri/0)& 3r" a/ alrea58 9ein6 irin -ind9 0hen+e" u#on thi! ir-ne!! I 4ill 91il5 m8 Ch1r+h"" 3r" I 4ill la8 0hee



(a/) a :31n5a0i3n 3: 0he Belie7er/. F3r 0he Ch1r+h are 0he Belie7er/" *+. K#reekL SeeHamm3n52/ a5mira9le n30e 3n 0hi/ ;la+e. I0 i/ al/3 0h1/ 6i7en in 0he S8ria+" (in 0hi/ MS.)in 0he 43rk 3: Ti01/ Bi/h3; 3: B3?rah 3n 0he Mani+hean/" near 0he en5. KS8ria+L Tha0 i/, 8n thi! ro&k do I bui'd -) 5hur&h and the (ate*bar! o Hu'' !ha'' not #revai' a(ain!t

it." 2He +all/ e7er8 0hin6 0here:3re (ate*bar! 98 mean/ 3: 4hi+h 0h3/e" 4h3 /h31l5 0ake1;3n 0hem/el7e/ a +3m;le0e rea5ine// 03 en+31n0er 0he 5ea0h 3: mar08r53m" :3r 0he /ake3: 0he :ear 3: #35. An5" a:0er a :e4 30her 0hin6/" 4hen Sim3n /ai5 03 Him"2 Thou artthe 5hri!t " 2 He re01rne5 0he an/4er"2 U#on thi! ro&k do I bui'd -) 5hur&h." ** 2U;3n4ha0 U;3n 0hi/ :ai0h" 0ha02 Thou art the 5hri!t the Son o the 'ivin( ,od." ** He 63e/ 3n03 /a8" n30 a/ 0he ma5 Mane/ a::irm/ 3: Him" 0ha0 0he Me//iah i/ 0he :i7e elemen0/. == Hemi6h0 ha7e a55e5" == an5 ;r39a9l8 431l5" ha5 0he 0hin6 e<i/0e5 in hi/ 5a8/" == n3r a/ 0hearr36an0 Pa;i/0/ 53" 0ha0 98 Ce;ha/ (Pe0er)" i/ here mean0 0he P3;e/ 3: R3me.

-. Ma00. <. -. /e.

-. 1ke <ii. J. /e.

--. E1/e9i1/ ha/" in hi/ E++l. Hi/0. 3++a/i3nall8 men0i3ne5 0hi/ #3/;el, e. 6. a/a;3+r8;hal" i9. iii. +a;. <<7. K#reekL. Se5 e0 in e1n5em 3r5inem (i.e. a;3+r.) >am a1i91/5am rela01m e/0 E7an6eli1m /e+1n51m He9rae3/" 13 ma<ime 5ele+0an01rHe9raei illi 1i Chri/0i :i5em /1/+e;er1n0. A6ain" a/ re0aine5 98 0he E9i3ni0e/ an5 0heir:3ll34er/" i9. +a;. <<7ii. An5 a6ain" a/ /;3ken 3: 98 Pa;ia/" an5 /ai5 98 him 03 ha7e 9een 4ri00en 98 Ma00he4" an5 03 ha7e +3n0aine5 0he hi/03r8 3: 0he a51l0ere// (!3hn 7iii.)i9. +a;. <<<i<. An5 a6ain" (i9. i7. +a;. <<ii.) He6e/i;;1/ i/ /ai5 03 ha7e +i0e5 /3me0hin6/ :r3m 0he #3/;el 3: 0he He9re4/" an5 al/3 0he S8ria+ 3ne. Thi/ la/0 h34e7er 4a/"n3 53190" 3ne an5 0he /ame 4i0h 0he He9re4 3ne" an5 /3 +alle5 9e+a1/e 4ri00en in 0he

S8r3=Chal5ai+ 5iale+0 in He9re4 le00er/. I0 4a/ 98 !er3me 0ran/la0e5" in03 930h 0he #reekan5 a0in lan61a6e/ , a +3;8 3: 0he 3ri6inal 9ein6" in hi/ 5a8/" ;re/er7e5 in 0he i9rar83: Cae/area" 4hi+h ha5 9een :3rme5 98 Pam;hil1/ 0he Mar08r an5 Frien5 3: E1/e9i1/.See !er3me 3n I/aiah" +a;. <i. an5 Ma00. <7iii. An5 0he n30e 3: Vale/i1/" ;. . See al/3!3ne/ 3n 0he Can3n 3: 0he Ne4 Te/0amen0" V3l. i. ;0. . +a;. <<7. /e. == A/ 0hi/ ;a//a6e3: 0he #3/;el (/3 +alle5) 3: 0he He9re4/" 53e/ n30 a;;ear 03 ha7e 9een +i0e5 98 an8e++le/ia/0i+al 3r 30her 4ri0er" ha7e 0h316h0 i0 ri6h0 03 6i7e i0 a/ i0 /0an5/ in 0he S8ria+.

I0 ma8 9e remarke5" 0ha0 E1/e9i1/ 53e/ here +i0e 0hi/ ;a//a6e a/ 43r0h8 3: +re5i0"al0h316h he 53e/ n30 a/+ri9e an8 5i7ine a10h3ri08 5ire+0l8 03 i0. Mr !3ne/ ha/" in hi/ 7er8e<+ellen0 43rk 3n 0he Can3n 3: 0he Ne4 Te/0amen0" a::ime5 0ha0 E1/e9i1/ ha5 ne7er /3+i0e5 0hi/ #3/;el==4hi+h" in5ee5" ha5 n30 a;;eare5 in 0he 0hen kn34n 43rk/ 3: E1/e9i1/.S0ill" 0hi/ +ann30 9e a551+e5" a/ in an8 4a8 a::e+0in6 0he +hara+0er 3: 31r a+kn34le56e5#3/;el/. I am 7er8 m1+h 5i/;3/e5 03 0hink 4i0h #r30i1/" *+. 0ha0 0hi/ 4a/ 0he 3ri6inal#3/;el 3: S0. Ma00he4" 6rea0l8 in0er;3la0e5 98 0he here0i+al !e4/ 4h3 ha5 re+ei7e5 i0.



See !3ne/" l. +.

-. The ;a//a6e 5i::er/ here :r3m 0he +i0a0i3n a937e" in 0he 3mi//i3n 3: KS8ria+L" the!ethin(!$ 4hi+h mi6h0 ha7e 9een 3mi00e5 a/ 1nne+e//ar8 03 0he ar61men0.

-J. - Ma00. <<i. --. /e. Thi/ /19>e+0 i/ ;r3/e+10e5 m1+h a0 len60h 3n 0he ;re5i+0i3n/6i7en :r3m 0he Ol5 Te/0amen0" in 0he Dem3n/0r. E7an6. i9" ii. +a;. iii. /e.

-G. - %in6/ <i<. =. R3m. <i. -.

-. Ma00. <<i. . Mark <ii. " . 1ke <<. & +3m;. A+0/ i7. . Pe0. ii. .

-. I/. <<7iii. G. Pe0. ii. G.

-. - P/. +<7iii. " -.

. Ma00. <<i. J. /e. 4i0h a :e4 1nim;3r0an0 7arie0ie/ :r3m 0he Pe/+hi03, an5 0he /amema8 9e /ai5 6enerall8 3: all 0he/e 130a0i3n/ :r3m S+ri;01re.

. J Ma00. <<ii. =" 4i0h /3me 1nim;3r0an0 7arie0ie/ :r3m 0he Pe/+hi03" a/ 9e:3re.

. Ma00. <. J" G.

-. K#reekL S3;hr3ni1/" a/ +i0e5 98 Fa9ri+i1/" Sal10. 1< E7an6. ;. " 4h3 /he4/0ha0 i0 4a/ Her35 A6ri;;a 4h3 ;10 him 03 5ea0h" in 0he 0h 8ear 3: Cla15i1/. A+0/ <ii. .

. - The S8r. ha/ KS8ria+L. B8 (KS8ria+L) "throne" i/ here ne+e//aril8 mean0 0heE;i/+3;al +hair 3: 0ha0 Ch1r+h, 4hi+h a6ree/ 4ell 4i0h 0he >156men0 4hi+h !ame/ i/ /ai503 ha7e 6i7en" A+0/ <7. & an5 4here Pe0er 6i7e/ hi/ 3;ini3n" n30 a/ a !156e" 910 a/ amere in5i7i51al +3n+erne5 in 0he 1e/0i3n a0 i//1e. See al/3 Fa9ri+ii Sal10ari/ 1<E7an6. ;. " *+.

J. Hi/0. E++l. E1/e9. i9. ii. +a;. <<iii.

G. S3 /08le5 here ;erha;/" 9e+a1/e 4ri00en 98 !3/e;h1/ a:0er he ha5 a00a+he5 him/el: 030he R3man/" an5 ha5 5e5i+a0e5 i0 03 0he R3man Em;er3r.

. Hi/ Hi/03r8 3: 0he !e4i/h $ar/.

. Ma00" <<ii" =.

. J Ma00" <<iii. --. /e. a6reein6" 4i0h a :e4 7aria0i3n/" 4i0h 0he Pe/+hi03.



J. A+0/ 7. .

J. See /e+0. " a937e" n30e.

J. !ame/ 0he e//" +alle5 0he Br30her 3: 0he 3r5 in 0he S+ri;01re. See E1/e9. Hi/0.E++le/. i9. ii. +a;. <<iii.

J-. A++3r5in6 03 /3me 0hi/ 4a/ Sim3n Pe0er" 30her/ /a8 0ha0 Sim3n 0he /3n 3: Cle3;a/4a/ 0he ;er/3n& an5 0hi/ i/ 0he a++31n0 3: He6e/i;;1/" a/ ;re/er7e5 98 E1/e9i1/" E++l.Hi/0. i9. i7. +a;. <<ii. K...L

J. - The meanin6 3: 31r a10h3r i/"==a++3r5in6 03 0he ;rin+i;le :3rmerl8 lai5 534n"==0ha0"a/ 0ha0 ;re5i+0i3n ha5 9een +3m;le0el8 :1l:ille5" 4e +an en0er0ain n3 rea/3na9le 53190 a/03 30her 5e+lara0i3n/ 0hen ma5e.

JJ. Ma00" <<iii. -. 1ke <iii. -.

JG. J S8r. KS8ria+L" li0. and the. &a#tivit) and Te-#'e the) burnt.$ 4hi+h m1/0" I /1;;3/e"mean the 5it).

J. Ha66ai ii"

J. Imi0a0e5 98 The353re0 (#r. a::e+0. +1ra0. E5. #ai/:3r5" ;. G.) K...L

J. 1ke <i<. . /e.

G. P/. l<<ii. .

G. - E;h. ii. .

G. !3hn <i7. .

G-. J 1ke <i<. " -.

G. G I9. 7er. .

GJ. 1ke <<i. . /e.

GG. Ver. . K...L Ci0e5 al/3 98 Ori6en (+3n0ra Cel/. i9. ii. ;. G") an5 a9l8 +3mmen0e51;3n. He al/3 /a8/ (i9.)" 0ha0 Phle63n all34/ in hi/ Chr3ni+3n 0ha0 31r 3r52/ ;re5i+0i3n/5i5 +3me 03 ;a//. Thi/ a10h3r m3re37er 6a7e an a++31n0 3: 0he e+li;/e 3: 0he S1n 4hi+h033k ;la+e a0 0he +r1+i:i<i3n. See S;en+er2/ n30e 3n 0he ;la+e" (;. -J" n30e/.)

G. O1r a10h3r mi6h0 ha7e a55e5 m1+h" i: he ha5 +h3/en 03 53 /3" :r3m 0he Pr3;he0/"



+3n:irma03r8 3: 0hi/ ;3/i0i3n. I 4ill /1;;l8 an in/0an+e 3r 043. In I/aiah <<i7. . 4e are03l5 0ha0 the. :ord -aketh the earth (rea5" the 'and i.e. 3: !15ea) e-#t) and -aketh it%a!te...and !&attereth abroad the inhabitant! thereo." -. The 'and !ha'' be utter')e-#tied and utter') !#oi'ed."...> be&au!e the) have tran!(re!!ed the 'a%!... broken the

ever'a!tin( &ovenant." G. Thereore hath the &ur!e devoured the earth 1the 'and2...thereore the inhabitant! o the earth 1'and2 are burned (+3m;. De10. <<<ii. ==) . . .. And it !ha'' a'' and NOT RISE A#AIN. Ver/e -. i5en0i:ie/ 0hi/ ;re5i+0i3n 4i0h0h3/e here +i0e5 98 E1/e9i1/" 7i?. Ma00. <<i7. an5 1ke <<i. The +3n7er/i3n 3: 0he#en0ile/ i/" m3re37er" 9ea10i:1ll8 031+he5 1;3n i9. 7er. -=G. C3m;. +h. <<7. . /e. In+h. <<7i. 0he /ame /19>e+0 i/ 0aken 1;" an5 in 7er. J" G" 4e ha7e li0erall8 5e/+ri9e5" 0heTRAMPIN# DO$N o thi! i-#iou! &it). See al/3 <<7i. 7er. " " an5 <<7iii. " al/3<<i<. ==, ==" 4hi+h are all 397i31/ an5 5ire+0 ;re5i+0i3n/ 3: 0he/e 0ime/, an5 03 0he/eman8 /imilar 3ne/ mi6h0 9e a55e5. e0 0h3/e 4h3 h3l5 a re/03ra0i3n 3: 0he !e4/ l33k 030hi/. See al/3 E?ek. 7" 7i" 7ii" 0hr316h310 4i0h 0he ;arallel ;la+e/" a/ 6i7en in 0he mar6in/3: 0he +3mm3n Bi9le/. A lar6e n1m9er 3: ;a//a6e/ 03 0hi/ e::e+0 are +i0e5 :r3m I/aiah" 98

31r a10h3r" Dem3n/0r. E7an6. i9. ii. <<<.==<<<7ii. *+.

G. J 1ke <<i. . B10" 9e+a1/e a<ri" " unti'" 3++1r/ here" man8 ha7e 9een in51+e5 030hink an5 03 ar61e" 0ha0" /0ill 0here m1/0 9e a re/03ra0i3n 3: 0he !e4/ 03 /a0i/:8 0hi/ SeeDem3n/0r. E7an6. i9. 7ii. ;. -. D. an5 Ori6en +3n0ra Cel/. i9. ii. ;. G" *+. i0. i9.i7. ;;. =J" K...L

G. S3 al/3 E++l. Hi/0. i9. i7. +a;. 7i. (E5i0. #J.) ;. J. /e. 4here (;. G B.) 0he43r5/ 1/e5 are an e+h3 3: 0he/e, K...L The 0e/0im3n8 3: Ter01llian" 7er8 m1+h 03 0he /amee::e+0" 4ill 9e :31n5 in 0he Bi/h3; 3: in+3ln2/ 7al1a9le 43rk" The E++le/. Hi/0" 3: 0he/e+3n5 an5 0hir5 Cen01rie/& *+. Cam9. G. ;. G.

. I9. B.

. - The 43r5 "(reat" (S8r. KS8ria+L) 1/e5 a937e" i/ 3mi00e5 here. 1ke <<i. -".

. 1ke i9. 7er. -.

-. G K...L 1ke <<i. " .

. H15/3n2/ e5i0i3n. T3m. ii. i9. 7i. ;. -" line .

J.

De10" <<7iii. JG" J. The 0en5er an5 5eli+a0e 43man am3n6 831" 4hi+h 431l5 n30a57en01re 03 /e0 0he /3le 3: her :330 1;3n 0he 6r31n5 :3r 5eli+a0ene// an5 0en5erne//" here8e /hall 9e e7il 034ar5 0he h1/9an5 3: her 93/3m" an5 034ar5 her /3n" an5 034ar5 her5a16h0er" an5 034ar5 her )oun( one that &o-eth out ro- bet%een her eet and to%ardher &hi'dren %hi&h !he !ha'' bear9 or !he !ha'' eat the- or %ant o a'' thin(! !e&ret') inthe !ie(e and !traitne!! %here%ith thine ene-) !ha'' di!tre!! thee." See all 0he ;re+e5in67er/e/" J /e. C3m;. am. ii. & i7. -" " . E?ek. 7. " -" G" . The/e ;re5i+0i3n/



4ere" in5ee5" 5rea5:1ll8 :1l:ille5 03 0he 7er8 le00er

G. - Ma00. <<i7. .

. H15/3n2/ !3/e;h1/" T3m. ii. i9. 7. +a;. " ;. G" line .

. J There i/ a +3n/i5era9le 3mi//i3n here in 31r S8ria+ 0e<0 3: !3/e;h1/, 910" a/ 0hema00er 3mi00e5 +31l5 ha7e 910 li00le re:eren+e 03 0he 39>e+0/ ha5 in 7ie4 98 E1/e9i1/&0here i/ n3 rea/3n 03 /1;;3/e" 0he 0e<0 3: !3/e;h1/ him/el: 03 9e re51n5an0 3n 0hi/a++31n0.

. G The S8ria+ i/ 43r5e5 ra0her e<0ra3r5inaril8 here & 4hi+h I n30i+e :3r 0he mere /ake3: 0he S015en0. I0 /0an5/ 0h1/ , KS8ria+L. i0" or the) de!tro)ed the &it) and or&ed the Ro-an! %hen the) %ere un%i''in( to be re&orded (a/ ha7in6 0aken ;ar0) in a /a5 7i+03r8.

. The ti-e! o the ,enti'e!" m1/0" I 0hink" mean 0h3/e 0ime/ ;re7i31/l8 /;3ken 3: in0he S+ri;01re/" 51rin6 4hi+h 0he #en0ile/ /h31l5 re0ain 0heir an+ien0 /0a0e an5 ;34er.Tha0 i/" 51rin6 0he la/0 ;ar0 3: Daniel2/ :31r0h m3nar+h8" in 4hi+h i0 i/ :3re03l5 0he8/h31l5 ha7e 0he r1le. A:0er 0hi/" 51rin6 0he :i:0h kin653m 0he /ain0/ are 03 ha7e 0he r1le"0he/e 0here:3re" m1/0 9e their 0ime/" n30" /+ri;01rall8 /;eakin6" "the ti-e! o the,enti'e!." O1r a10h3r i/ 0here:3re" 4r3n6 in 0hi/ ;la+e. See 0he In0r351+0i3n 03 hi/ 43rk.He i/ n30 0he 3nl8 3ne 4h3 ha/ 0aken i0 in 0hi/ /en/e" a/ ma8 9e /een 98 re:errin6 03P33le2/ S8n3;/i/" *+.

. - !3hn i7. =.

. The ;la+e/ ha5 here in 7ie4 are De10. <i. & <<7ii. . /e. !3/h" 7iii. -. /e. TheSamari0an/" i0 a;;ear/" ha7e in0r351+e5 a lar6e n1m9er 3: /;1ri31/ rea5in6/ in03 0he Te<03: 0heir e5i0i3n 3: 0he He9re4 Pen0a0e1+h" an5" am3n6 30her/" 3ne a/+ri9in6 a hi6her5e6ree 3: h3n31r 03 m31n0 #eri?im" 0han 03 He9al, :3r 4hi+h Dr %enni+300" /3me 8ear/a63" +3n/i5ere5 i0 hi/ 5108 03 +3n0en5. See m8 Pr3le63mena 03 Mr Ba6/0er2/ P3l86l300Bi9le" Pr3l36" ii. /e+0. i. <<i. /e. 4here I ha7e /he4n 0ha0 m1+h rela0in6 03 0hi/+3n0r37er/8 ha5 n30 9een 51l8 1n5er/0335.

-. !3hn <. =.

. Ma00. <7. .

J. - The/e !e4/" a++3r5in6 03 31r a10h3r" Dem3n/0r. E7an6. i9. ii. <<<7i. +a;. i7. ;. G-./e. +3n/0i010e5 0he Re-nant 4hi+h i0 ha5 :re1en0l8 9een :3re03l5 /h31l5 9e /a7e5. An5in 0hi/ he 4a/ +er0ainl8 ri6h0. E<amine 0he/e ;la+e/" an5 +3m;. R3m. <i. > *+.

G. S3 al/3 in 31r a10h3r2/ E++le/. Hi/0. B33k" i9. i7. +a;. 7.



. P/. <<iii. .

. P/. '''. .

. - Thi/ i/ n3 5ire+0 +i0a0i3n 3: S+ri;01re, i0 i/ ;erha;/" a/ 3n a :3rmer 3++a/i3n" (a937e ;. " n30e") 0he 6eneral /en/e 3nl8 3: /3me 3ne 3r 043 7er/e/. The m3/0 likel8 a;;ear 03me 03 9e I/. '. " .

. !3hn <ii. -" .

. J The/e h34e7er 4ere ;r39a9l8 Helleni/0i+ !e4/& :3r 4e are 03l5 0ha0 0here 4ere+er0ain #reek/ am3n6 0hem 0ha0 +ame 1; to %or!hi# at the ea!t." The8 mi6h0" in5ee5"ha7e 9een ;r3/el80e/, 910 0he :3rmer /1;;3/i0i3n i/ 0he m3/0 ;r39a9le.

. S8r. KS8ria+L li0. %ord! 3r rea!on! 3: 0he /ee5. The rea5er 4ill 9ear in min5" 0ha0

KS8ria+L" ha/ 3:0en 9een 1/e5" in 0hi/ 43rk" in 0he /en/e 3: invi(oratin( ei&ient&au!e an5 0he like" a/ 5eri7e5 :r3m Him 4h3 i/ 0erme5 THE $ORD" KS8ria+L. See B33k i. /e+0. G. a937e" 4i0h 0he n30e.

-. All15in6 ;erha;/ 03 1ke <7. -.

. Ma00. i<. -. 1ke <. .

J. - !3hn i7. -J.

G. Ma00. iii. . 1ke iii. .

. J !3hn <iii. --.

. G I9. 7er. -.

. !3hn <<i. " .

. Cha;. <. .

. Cha;. 7. " .

. A ;ara;hra/0i+al e<;3/i0i3n 3: Ma00. 7. . 1ke 7i. -.

-. - See a937e" B33k ii. ;ar. " ;. . 4i0h 0he n30e/.

. Cha;. <. . /e. Thi/ ;la+e" a/ in 30her in/0an+e/" 5i::er/ /li6h0l8 :r3m 0hePe/+hi03. I0 i/ +i0e5 :3r 0he /ame ;1r;3/e 98 The353re0" #rae+. a::e+0" +1ra0. ;. G. E5.



#ai/:3r5. K...L

J. Thi/ i/ a :ar=:e0+he5" an5 1nne+e//ar8" in0er;re0a0i3n. The in0en0i3n 3: 0he ;a//a6e/eem/ 03 9e"==4ha0 in5ee5 0he +3mmen0a03r/ 1/1all8 make i0"==0ha0" a/ 0here /h31l5 9e

5i7i/i3n/ in :amilie/" (1ke <ii. J" J-") 0h3/e 4h3 4ere 3;;3/e5 03 31r 3r5" /h31l5 9e0ra8 an5 6i7e 1; 0h3/e 4h3 4ere Hi/ :3ll34er/, a 0hin6 4hi+h in all ;r39a9ili08 033k ;la+e.

G. Cha;. <iii. . /e.

. - See a937e" ;ar. G.

. Cha;. 7ii. .J" G" " an5 a/ 9e:3re" 5i::erin6 /li6h0l8 :r3m 0he Pe/+hi03.

. G I. e. He0er353<8.

. S8r. KS8ria+L. Mar+i3n him/el: 4a/ a na0i7e 3: P3n01/" an5 li7e5 in 0he 0ime/ 3:Ani+e01/ 0he ele7en0h Bi/h3; 3: R3me. He enlar6e5 1;3n 0he err3r/ 3: Cer53n hi/imme5ia0e ;re5e+e//3r" 4h3 ha5 e/;31/e5 an5 la931re5 03 ;r3;a6a0e 0he 3;ini3n/ 3:Sim3n Ma61/. Mar+i3n 4a/ an 3;en 9la/;hemer 3: #35" an5 +3rr1;0er 3: 0he S+ri;01re/.He 4a/ 3ne 3: 0h3/e %ho orbade -arria(e an5 1r6e5 0heab!tainin( ro- &ertain-eat! an5 in 0hi/" he /eem/ 03 ha7e a6ree5 4i0h 0he Mani+hean/ an5 Sa01rninian/, inman8 0hin6/ 4i0h 0he Sim3nian/" Ba/ili5ian/" B363milian/" A15ean/" *+. Thi/ here/8ha5" in 0he 0ime/ 3: E;i;hani1/" e<0en5e5 i0/el: 03 I0al8" E68;0" Pale/0ine" Ara9ia" S8ria"C8;r1/" an5 Per/ia. See #ra9e2/ Irenae1/" ;. " 4i0h 0he n30e/ an5 re:eren+e/.

. S8r. KS8ria+L. S3 +alle5 a:0er 0heir lea5er Valen0in1/" 4h3 +ame 03 R3me in 0he0ime/ 3: H86in1/" an5 li7e5 51rin6 0h3/e 3: Pi1/" an5 03 0h3/e 3: Ani+e01/. Hi/ 53+0rine/ha5 3ri6ina0e5 in Sim3n Ma61/" 4hi+h he 7er8 6ra51all8 an5 +a10i31/l8 en5ea731re5 03in0r351+e in03 0he Ch1r+h. F3r 4hi+h he 4a/ e7en01all8 5e;ri7e5 3: +3mm1ni3n. SeeE1/e9. Hi/0. E++l. In5e<. I0. #ra9e.

. - S8r. KS8ria+L. S3 +alle5 a:0er Ba/ili5e/ 0heir lea5er. He 4aa a na0i7e 3: Ale<an5ria"an5 :l31ri/he5 in 0he 0ime/ 3: Ha5rian. He re+ei7e5 hi/ 53+0rine/" 4hi+h 4ere 0h3/e 3:Sim3n Ma61/" :r3m Menan5er" in 4hi+h -arria(e %a! orbidden an5 the ab!tainin( ro- &ertain -eat! %a! ur(ed. See #ra9e2/ Irenae1/" ;. G" 4i0h 0he n30e/ an5 I n5e<.

-. He 4a/ a na0i7e 3: Me/3;30amia" an5 :l31ri/he5 in 0he 0ime/ 3: M. A1reli1/ an5 .Ver1/. He :ir/0 a00a+he5 him/el: 03 Valen0in1/$ 910 a:0er4ar5/ 4r30e a6ain/0 him an5 hi/53+0rine/. He i/ /ai5 03 ha7e 9een a 7er8 ele6an0 an5 a+10e 4ri0er, 910 he ne7er ;1r6e5him/el:" a/ i0 /h31l5 /eem" :r3m 0he #n3/0i+ here/8. See E1/e9. E++l. Hi/0. i9. i7. +a;.<<<. A//eman. Bi9le. Orien0. T3m. i. ;. " *+. a/ marke5 in 0he In5e<, ;ar0i+1larl8 ;.-" n30e.

. G Mane/" (3r" a/ 0he m35ern Per/ian/ name him" KPer/ianL" Mani 0he S8rian/



KS8ria+L Manni") 4a/ a Per/ian 98 9ir0h" an5" a++3r5in6 03 0he Chr3ni+3n 3: E5e//a(A//eman. Bi9l. Orien0. T3m. i. ;. --" n30e) 4a/ 93rn A. D. . He en0ere5Me/3;30amia in A. D. G" 4hen he +ame 03 Ar+hela1/ Bi/h3; 3: 0he Ca/+hari" :3r 0he ;1r;3/e 3: 5i/;10in6 3n 0he /19>e+0 3: reli6i3n, 910" 9ein6 37er+3me" he /e+re0l8

4i0h5re4 him/el: 03 Per/ia. He 4a/ 0here 0aken 98 0he kin6" :la8e5 ali7e" an5 e<;3/e5 03536/. He 4a/ /0ren131/ in a57an+in6 0he 3l5 3rien0al 53+0rine 3: 0he t%o Prin&i#'e! (ood an5 badam3n6 Chri/0ian/& 3: 4hi+h marke5 0ra+e/ remain 03 0hi/ 5a8 am3n6 0heM3hamme5an/ 3: Per/ia" a/ ma8 9e /een in 0he +ele9ra0e5 43rk 3: %1leini" 1n5er 0he:i61re/ 3: Inte''e&t an5 o'') (/ee m8 Per/ian C3n0r37er/ie/" ;. J" an5 n30e") a/ al/3 in0he Dabi!tan a/+ri9e5 03 M3h/in Fani. He hel5 4i0h 0he #n3/0i+/" 0ha0 Chri/0 4a/ a merePhan03m& he ;10 i0 :3r0h 0ha0 him/el: 4a/ 0he Chri/0" an5 0he C3m:3r0er (Para+le0e), an5hi/ 04el7e Di/+i;le/ a++3r5in6l8 ;r3/+ri9e5 marria6e a/ 9ein6 3: 0he De7il" *+. SeeThe353re0" Haere0. Fa9. i. <<7i. T3m. i7. 4i0h 0he In5e<. E;i;han. 5e Men/. e0 P3n5. a/+i0e5 98 A//eman. A S8ria+ 0ran/la0i3n 3: 0he 43rk 3: Ti01/" Bi/h3; 3: B3?ra" a6ain/0 0hi/here/8" i/ 03 9e :31n5 in 0he 73l1me :r3m 4hi+h I 0ake 0hi/ 43rk 3: E1/e9i1/. All 0he/e"

a++3r5in6 03 He6e/i;;1/" a/ ;re/er7e5 98 E1/e9i1/ (E++l. Hi/0. i9. i7. +a;. <<ii.)3ri6ina0e5 :r3m The910hi/" 4h3" 9ein6 m3r0i:ie5 9e+a1/e n30 ma5e a Bi/h3;" /e0 a9310/e+re0l8 03 +3rr1;0 0he Ch1r+h. He 4a/ 3: 3ne 3: 0he /e7en /e+0/ 0hen /;rea5 a9r3a5am3n6 0he !e4/. O10 3: 4hi+h al/3 ar3/e Sim3n" 4hen+e 0he Sim3nian/, al/3 Cle39i1/"D3/i0he1/" #3r0he1/" Ma/930he1/& 4hen+e al/3 Menan5er" Mar+i3n" Car;3+ra0e/"Valen0in1/" Ba/ili5e/" *+. *+. Hen+e al/3 0he :al/e Chri/0/" :al/e A;3/0le/" :al/ePr3;he0/" *+. See 0he n30e/ 3: Vale/i1/" E5. GJ" ;. G. /e.

J. G !3hn <. .

G. Ma00. <. G, +3m;. 1ke <. -. Ci0e5 al/3 98 The353re0" #r. a::e+0. +1ra0. E5.

#ai/:3r5" ;. G.

. S8r. KS8ria+L" 4hi+h" I 0hink" /h31l5 9e rea5 KS8ria+L, 0he in0en0i3n 3: 31r a10h3re7i5en0l8 9ein6" 03 6i7e an e1i7alen0 03 0he a-aru- et -a'i(ni #rin&i#i! a#o!ta!ie! !er#enti! venenu-" 3: Irenae1/" E5i0. #ra9e. ;. J.

. Ma00. <. " J" G. Di::erin6 /li6h0l8 :r3m 0he Pe/+hi03" a/ 9e:3re. Ci0e5 ;ar0l8 98The353re0" #r. a::e+0. +1ra0. E5. #ai/:3r5" ;. .

. Ma00. i<. & <ii. -. Mark iii. . N30hin6 4a/ m3re +3mm3n" am3n6 930h 0he!e4/ an5 hea0hen/" 0han 0he a++1/a0i3n 3: Ma6i+ a6ain/0 0he mira+1l31/ ;34er/ 3:

Chri/0" an5 3: Hi/ imme5ia0e :3ll34er/. (See $e0/0ein 3n Ma00. <ii. .) The Hea0hen"/a8/ Bin6ham"...9e+a1/e 31r Sa7i31r an5 hi/ :3ll34er/ 5i5 man8 mira+le/" 4hi+h 0he8im;10e5 03 e7il ar0/" an5 0he ;34er 3: ma6i+"....0here:3re 6enerall8 5e+laime5 a6ain/00hem a/ ma6i+ian/" an5 1n5er 0ha0 +hara+0er e<;3/e5 0hem 03 0he :1r8 3: 0he 71l6ar" *+.Fr3m 0he ;re7alen+e 3: a 9elie: in ma6i+ /0ill in 0he Ea/0" 0he M3hamme5an/ /0r3n6l839>e+0 03 0he manner in 4hi+h 4e /;eak 3: mira+le/& 9e+a1/e" /a8 0he8" i0 mi6h0 /0ill:3ll34" 0ha0 /1+h mira+le/ ;r3+ee5e5 :r3m /kill in ma6i+. See m8 Per/ian C3n0r37er/ie/"



Cam9. " /e+0. ii. ;. . /e. an5 B33k 7. /e+0. . 9el34.

. - Thi/ ;la+e" 4hi+h i/ 39/+1re" /eem/ 03 me 03 mean 0hi/, He 93re l3n6 4i0h 0hei6n3ran+e 3: Hi/ 5i/+i;le/" /eein6 a/ 0he8 5i5 Hi/ 5i7ine ;34er" an5 9lame5 0heir

53190in6 a/ 03 0he 1l0ima0e re/1l0/ 3: Hi/ #3/;el. The +hie: 5i::i+1l08 in 0he S8ria+ i/" 0hein0r351+0i3n 3: 0he in0err36a0i7e KS8ria+L" Ho% ; in0en5e5 a;;aren0l8 03 ha7e 0he :3r+e 3: a /0r3n6 ne6a0i7e.

. Ma00. <i<. . Di::erin6 :r3m 0he Pe/+hi03 a/ 9e:3re.

. S8r. KS8ria+L a6ain/0 4hi+h /3me ;i31/ m3nk ha/ 4ri00en in 0he mar6inKS8ria+L" !ee and de!ire9 a/ i: 0hi/ 4ere an e//en0ial 3: Chri/0iani08

-. - I0 nee5 n30 9e /1;;3/e5 0ha0 31r a10h3r men0i3n/ 0hi/" :3r 0he ;1r;3/e 3: ;rai/in6i0, hi/ 39>e+0 ;r39a9l8 4a/ 03 /he4" 0ha0" a/ 31r 3r5 :3re03l5 0hi/" i0/ +3min6 03 ;a//== a

0hin6 m3/0 1nna01ral an5 1nhear5 3:" == 4a/ /1::i+ien0 03 /he4 Hi/ :3rekn34le56e. In hi/E++le/ia/0i+al Hi/03r8 (i9. 7i. +a;. 7iii.) he ha/ men0i3ne5 0hi/" a/ 0he 5arin6 a+0 3: anine<;erien+e5 831n6 man" re/1l0in6 :r3m a /im;le an5 >17enile me0h35 3: in0er;re0in60he ;a//a6e re:erre5 03 , 4hi+h he /a8/ 4a/" ne7er0hele//" a ;r33: 3: +3n0inen+e an5 3: a/0r3n6 :ai0h & an5 0hi/ i/ ;erha;/" a main ;ar0 3: hi/ 39>e+0 here. See al/3 B33k 7. /e+0. . 9el34.

. Ma00. <iii. -=.

J. He9. i7. . /e. Di::erin6 +3n/i5era9l8 :r3m 0he Pe/+hi03" a/ 9e:3re. The an+ien0/"a/ i0 4ill 9e /een in P33le (S8n3;/i/)" 6enerall8 re:erre5 0hi/ ;a//a6e 03 Chri/0" >1/0 a/

E1/e9i1/ 53e/ here& an5" i0 m1/0 9e +3n:e//e5" 0he ma00er +3n0aine5 in 0he -0h 7er/e" ;34er:1ll8 /1;;3r0/ 0hi/ 7ie4. The e<e6e0i+al /en/e h34e7er" +3me/ 03 0he /ame 1n5erei0her 7ie4, :3r" 4he0her 4e 0ake 0he %ord o 5hri!t4i0h 0he m35ern/& 3r" 0he /ord5hri!t 4i0h 0he an+ien0/" 0he e::e+0/" here /;3ken 3:" m1/0 all 9e e7en01all8 re:erre5 03Him. I ;re:er 0he :3rmer 7ie4" a/ 9ein6 0he m3re 397i31/ an5 /im;le.

G. Ma00. i<. -.

. - !3hn i7. -J. Di::erin6 in ea+h +a/e :r3m 0he Pe/+hi03" a/ 9e:3re.

. S8r. KS8ria+L" li0. other o#inion!9 4hi+h i/ ;r39a9l8 ;10 :3r 0he

#reek eterodo"i/a& i0 9ein6 +1/03mar8 4i0h 0he S8rian/ /3 03 0ran/la0e #reek+3m;31n5/. See a937e" B33k ii. ;ar. " n30e" an5 i9. G.

. Ma00. <iii. ==-. Di::erin6 :r3m 0he Pe/+hi03" a/ 9e:3re. I9. -G=-.

-. - The #reek ha/ here a&#inon" an5 0he Pe/+hi03 KS8ria+L" i0/ li0eral 0ran/la0i3n,n3 MS. ha/ gee/nna" 4hen+e i0 a;;ear/ 7er8 likel8" 0ha0 E1/e9i1/ +i0e5 0he ;a//a6e



:r3m mem3r8, a 0hin6 7er8 +3mm3n 4i0h 0he Fa0her/.

-. G Ra0her" 3ne 431l5 0hink" :r3m hi/ 9ein6 born a! a -an.

-. See a937e" B33k i. /e+00. " -" 4i0h 0he n30e/.

--. I0 4ill 9e /1::i+ien0 03 remark here 0ha0" 98 0he "end o the %or'd" m1/0 9e mean0in 0hi/ ;la+e"==a/ in 7er8 man8 ;a//a6e/ 3: S+ri;01re"== 0ha0 ;eri35 in 4hi+h 0he 3l5/8/0em ;a//e5 a4a8" an5 0he ne4 3ne== 0he Chri/0ian Ch1r+h 4a/ e/0a9li/he5. B10 3: 0hi/"m3re in 31r In0r351+0i3n 03 0hi/ 43rk.

-. M1+h 03 0he /ame e::e+0" E++le/. Hi/0. i9. i7. +a;. <<iii. near 0he en5.

-J. Cha;. <<i7. -. /e.

-G. - I9. 7er. -=.

-. Beho'd I have to'd )ou beore" 3: 0he a10h3ri?e5 7er/i3n i/ am9i6131/. I ha7e0here:3re a73i5e5 0hi/.

-. J !3hn 7. -.

-. The ;la+e here all15e5 03 i/" m3/0 ;r39a9l8" The//. ii. -. /e. The ;er/3n 4h3/h31l5 4i0hh3l5 (K#reekL" 7er. G.) 4a/" m3/0 ;r39a9l8 Ner3. (See $e0/0ein 3n 0he ;la+e)&an5 "the -an o !in" 6enerall8" ea+h 3: 0he /e7eral R3man Em;er3r/ 4h3 9e+ame ;er/e+103r/ 3: 0he Ch1r+h. S1+h 4a/ 0he 3;ini3n" == an5 n3 53190 0he 0r1e 3ne == 3: man8

3: 0he Fa0her/ , 4hi+h i/ 6r31n5e5 3n Dan. 7ii. & i<. & an5 <i. -G. See al/3 m8 Serm3n/an5 Di//er0a0i3n/" 3n5. -" ;;. -J" -" n30e" an5 i9. ;. -G. /e. 4i0h 0heIn0r351+0i3n 03 0hi/ 43rk.

. He 4a/" a++3r5in6 03 /3me" a/ an+ien0 a/ 0he 0ime/ 3: Senna+heri9 & 4hi+h a;;ear/03 9e 1i0e 7i/i3nar8. !er3me ;la+e/ him 9e:3re 0he 0ime/ 3: 31r 3r5" an5 make/ him 0hea10h3r 3: 0he /e+0 3: 0he Phari/ee/. Ori6en h34e7er a::irm/" 0ha0 he 4a/ +3n0em;3rar84i0h 0he A;3/0le/" an5 0ha0 he 5e+lare5 him/el: 03 9e 0he Chri/0. Thi/" Ori6en ;r39a9l86r31n5e5 3n a ;a//a6e in 0he Re+36ni0i3n/ a/+ri9e5 03 Clemen/ R3man1/" 4hi+h in:3rm/1/" 0ha0 1;3n 0he 5ea0h 3: !3hn 0he Ba;0i/0 D3/i0he1/ /e0 1; hi/ +laim & a;;3in0e5 0hir085i/+i;le/" an5 033k a 43man 4h3m he name5 the -oon **(+3n/i5erin6 0he S1n ;r39a9l8

a/ hi/ 34n re;re/en0a0i7e). T3 0hi/ man Sim3n Ma61/ a00a+he5 him/el:" an5 390aine5 a ;la+e am3n6 0he 0hir08" 3n 0he :ir/0 7a+an+8 0ha0 a:0er4ar5/ 3++1rre5 & an5 /33n a:0er he:ell in l37e 4i0h 0hi/ 43man. He6e/i;;1/ 033" make/ D3/i0he1/ +3n0em;3rar8 4i0h 0heA;3/0le/" a/ al/3 53e/ E1l36i1/" Pa0riar+h 3: Ale<an5ria. See 0he n30e 3: Vale/i1/ 03 0heE++l. Hi/0. i9. i7. +a;. <<ii. An5 0he n30e a937e" /e+0. -. On 0he 30her han5" The353re0make/ Sim3n Ma61/ 0he lea5er. T3m. i7. ;. -.



. De10. <7iii. J" " .

. A+0/ 7iii. .

-. - He +3mmen+e5 hi/ +areer 3: here/8 in a 7illa6e 3: M8/ia name5 Ar5a9a" /i01a0e 3n0he 93r5er/ 3: Phr86ia. He 033k 03 him 043 43men" name5 Pri/+illa an5 Ma<imilla& 6a7e310 0ha0 he 4a/ 0he Para+le0e" an5 0ha0 hi/ 43men 4ere Pr3;he0e//e/. Hi/ /e+0" 4hi+h 4a/0he Ca0a;hr86ian" 4a/ lar6e" an5" a0 3ne 0ime" re+k3ne5 Ter01llian am3n6 i0/ /1;;3r0er/.Am3n6 30her 0hin6/" 0he 5i//3l10i3n 3: marria6e/ an5 ne4 /3r0/ 3: :a/0in6/ 4erein+1l+a0e5 a/ ne+e//ar8. See E1/e9. E++l. Hi/0. i9. 7. +a;;. iii. <i7. <7i. <7iii. an5 0hen30e/ 3: Vale/i1/. See al/3 The353re0. Haere0. Fa9. i9. iii. +a;. ii. T3m. i7. ;. .

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NATIONS FOR THE OBEDIENCE OF FAITH. An5 a6ain" C3l. i. -...."The ,o!#e'%hi&h %a! #rea&hed to EVERY CREATURE $HICH i/ UNDER HEAVEN. T3 0he/ame e::e+0 i/ 0he 0e/0im3n8 3: 0he Fa0her/ 6enerall8. See 0he Sa'utari! :u+ Evan(e'i&a" 3: Fa9ri+i1/, an5 0he In0r351+0i3n 03 0hi/ 43rk.

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J. K...L. Thi/ i/" n3 53190" 0he The9an Cra0e/ 4h3/e li:e i/ 6i7en in Di36ene/ aer0i1/"(i9. 7i. /e6m. J). K#reekL = H1n+ ai0 An0i/0hene/ in /1++e//i3ni91/" +1m in Tra63e5ia

1a5am +ernere0 Tele;h1m /;3r01lam 0enen0em" a5 +8ni+am ;hil3/3;hiam ;r3r1;i//e"ill1m1e ;a0rim3ni3 7en5i03" era0 1i;;e 7ir n39ili/" +1m +3n6re6a//e0 +ir+i0er 51+en0a0alen0a" +i7i91/ ea 5i7i/i//e, a5e31e +3n/0an0er ;hil3/3;ha01m e//e" 10 e0 Philem3n+3mi+1/ i;/i1/ men0i3nem :e+eri0, ai0 nem;e,

Ae/0a0e +ra//1m 7e/0ie9a0 ;alli1mSe5 h8eme ;ann1m" 10 0em;eran/ e7a5ere0.



See al/3 Pl10ar+h" De vitando aere a'ieno" ;. mihi" -. i9. ;. GG. Hi/ l37e 3: li9er08"i9. ;. . T3m. ii. E5i0. G. Br1+keri Hi/0. Phil3/3;h. Cri0. T3m. i. ;. " *+. The4h3le 3: 0hi/ i/ al/3 :31n5 in 0he Dem3n/0r. E7an6. i9. iii. 7i. ;. . C. E5. G.Ori6en i/" ;erha;/" 0he :ir/0 am3n6 0he Fa0her/ 4h3 +i0e/ 930h 0he/e +a/e/, i. e. 0ha0 3:

Dem3+ri01/ an5 0ha0 3: Cra0e/" C3n0ra Cel/1m. i9. ii. ;. . On 930h" /ee al/3" n30aeH3e/+helii a5 Ori6. i9. E5i0. S;en+er.

G. I9. ;. -. B.

. I9. ;. -. B.C." *+.

. J The M3hamme5an/ 1r6e an ar61men0 3: 0hi/ /3r0 in :a731r 3: 0heir Pr3;he0" :r3m a:an+ie5 inimi0a9ili08 in 0he ele6an+e 3: 0he %3ran& 4hi+h" i0 i/ n30 im;3//i9le" 0he8 mi6h03ri6inall8 ha7e 0aken :r3m 0hi/" 3r /3me /imilar Chri/0ian" 43rk.

. G I9. ;. -. A. /e.

. Thi/ i/" 98 n3 mean/" a /1;;3/i0i0i31/ +a/e. Cel/1/" /a8/ Mr Bin6ham" (An0i. V3l.i. B33k i. +. ii. /e+0. J.) an5 30her/ ;re0en5e5 0ha0 31r Sa7i31r /015ie5 ma6i+ in E68;0&an5 S0 A1/0in /a8/" i0 4a/ 6enerall8 9elie7e5 am3n6 0he hea0hen" 0ha0 he 4r30e /3me 933k/ a9310 ma6i+ 033" 4hi+h 9e 5eli7ere5 03 Pe0er an5 Pa1l :3r 0he 1/e 3: hi/ 5i/+i;le/.Hen+e i0 4a/ 0ha0 S1e03ni1/" /;eakin6 in 0he lan61a6e 3: hi/ ;ar08" +all/ 0heChri/0ian/" ,enu! ho-i-e- !u#er!titioni! -a'ei&ae the -en o -a(i&a' !u#er!tition. A/A/+le;ia5e/" 0he >156e in Pr15en0i1/" /08le/ S0 R3man1/ 0he mar08r" 0he Ar+h=ma6i+ian.An5 S0 Am9r3/e 39/er7e/ in 0he Pa//i3n 3: S0 A6ne/" h34 0he ;e3;le +rie5 310 a6ain/0her" a4a8 4i0h 0he /3r+ere// a4a8 4i0h 0he en+han0er See al/3 0he n30e 03 B33k i7.

/e+0. -" a937e. Ori6en +3n0ra Cel/. i9. i. ;;. " -. i9. ii. ;. " *+.

. Dem3n/0r. E7an6. ;. -. D.

. Ma00" <<7iii. ==. Ci0e5 e7i5en0l8 :r3m mem3r8.

-. - e0 i0 n30 9e ima6ine5 0ha0 0hi/ :a731r/ 0he m35ern 53+0rine/ a9310 1n4ri00en0ra5i0i3n. The A;3/0le/ 4ere"==9e i0 remem9ere5"== divine') in/;ire5 e<;re//l8 :3r 0hi/43rk" an5 :3r in5i0in6 0h3/e S+ri;01re/ 4hi+h are 0he -ain /31r+e/ 3: 5i7ine 0r10h 03 0heChri/0ian Ch1r+h. An5" al0h316h Irenae1/ (i9. ii. +a;. ii. ;. . E5i0. #ra9e) /;eak/3: Tradition n30 4ri00en" 910 5eli7ere5 7i7a 73+e$ i0 i/ e7i5en0 en316h" 0ha0 he in0en5/ 03

a/+ri9e 03 0hi/ n3 in5e;en5en0 a10h3ri08, :3r in 0he 7er8 /ame +3n0e<0 he in:3rm/ 1/" 0ha00he Here0i+/" a6ain/0 4h3m he 4a/ 4ri0in6" 4ere :31n5" 4hen 3;;3/in6 0hi/ Tra5i0i3n"re/i/0in6 0he 5e+lara0i3n/ al/3 3: 0he S+ri;01re/. An+ien0 Tra5i0i3n" 4hen :31n5 a++3r5an04i0h 0he S+ri;01re/" ma8 in5ee5 9e relie5 3n& 910" i0 i/ :r3m an e<amina0i3n 3: i0 98 0heS+ri;01re/ al3ne" 0ha0 4e +an kn34 i0 03 9e 6335.

. Dem3n/0r. E7an6. i9. iii. +a;. 7i. ;. -. B. 4here 0he #r. /0an5/ 0h1/, K#reekL 3:4hi+h 0he S8ria+ i/ a/ /er7ile a ren5erin6" an5" a0 0he /ame 0ime" a/ 39/+1re an 3ne" a/



;erha;/ +an 9e ima6ine5.

J. - The #reek here" a/ 3:0en in 30her ;la+e/" e<+ee5/ 31r S8ria+ 0e<0" 4hi+h in51+e/ me03 9elie7e" 0ha0 31r 43rk 4a/ 4ri00en ;ri3r 03 0hi/. I9. ;. --. C.

G. The #reek lea7e/ 1/ here" i9. D.

. Dem3n/0r. E7an6. E7an6. i9. iii. +a;. 7. ;. . C. /e. 4i0h /3me /li6h0 7aria0i3n/.A /imilar ar61men0 i/ ;re//e5 98 Arn39i1/ a57er/1/ #en0e/. i9. i. ;. -. E5i0. G.

. - Thi/ 53e/ n30 3++1r in 0he #reek.

. Thi/ 53e/ n30 3++1r in 0he #reek" i9.

-. J Ma00. <. . Di::erin6" a/ 9e:3re" :r3m 0he Pe/+hi03.

-. G Thi/ la/0 +la1/e i/ n30 :31n5 in 0he #reek" i9. ;. . A." 4here 0he re/0 i/ :31n5.

-. S3 0he Serm3n 3n 0he m31n0" 6enerall8" Ma00. 7. /e.

--. - Ma00. 7. -. The #reek h34e7er ha/" K#reekL

-. I9. Dem3n/0r. E7an6. i9. in. +a;. 7. ;. . C. /e.

-J. J I9. D. /e.

-G. K...L A /en0imen0 n30 1nlike 0hi/ 3++1r/ in Ori6en" +3n0ra Cel/. i9. i. ;. .

-. J S8r. KS8ria+L. Thi/ 43r5 3++1r/ in n3 S8ria+ e<i+3n a++e//i9le 03 me. I0 i/"h34e7er" 9e83n5 all 53190" 0he Parabo'arii" i. . Para93lani 3: 0he a0in/"an5 ara&*ooi 3: 0he #reek/. The :3ll34in6 i/ Bin6ham2/ a++31n0 3: 0he 0erm. (An0.Chri/0. Ch1r+h" B33k i. +. ii. /e+0. .)...The8 (0he hea0hen) 6a7e 0hem (0he Chri/0ian/) 0he name/ 3: Parabo'arii an5 De!#erati the bo'd and de!#erate-en The Parabo'arii 3r Parabo'ani am3n6 0he R3man/" 4ere 0h3/e 93l5 a57en01r31/men 4h3 hire5 310 0hem/el7e/ 03 :i6h0 4i0h 4il5 9ea/0/" 1;3n 0he /0a6e 3r am;hi0hea0re"4hen+e 0he8 ha5 al/3 0he name 3: Be!tiarii an5 5one&tore!. N34" 9e+a1/e 0he Chri/0ian/4ere ;10 03 :i6h0 :3r 0heir li7e/ in 0he /ame manner" an5 0he8 ra0her +h3/e 03 53 i0 0han

5en8 0heir reli6i3n" 0he8 0here:3re 630 0he name 3: Parabo'i an5 Parabo'ani$ 4hi+h"0h316h i0 4a/ in0en5e5 a/ a name 3: re;r3a+h an5 m3+ker8" 8e0 0he Chri/0ian/ 4ere n301n4illin6 03 0ake i0 03 0hem/el7e/" 9ein6 3ne 3: 0he 0r1e/0 +hara+0er/ 0ha0 0he hea0hen/e7er 6a7e 0hem" *+. An5" a6ain" (B33k iii. +. i<. /e+0. -.) The/e 4ere 0h3/e 4h3m 0heR3man/ +alle5 Be!tiarii an5 /3me0ime/ Parabo'i an5 Parabo'arii :r3m 0he #reek43r5ara*a&esqai" 4hi+h /i6ni:ie/ e<;3/in6 a man2/ li:e 03 5an6er" a/ 0he8 0ha0:316h0 4i0h 4il5 9ea/0/ 5i5...an5 i0 i/ 0he 3;ini3n 3: #30h3:re5 an5 /3me 30her learne5+ri0i+/" 0ha0 0he an+ien0 rea5in6 3: 0he #reek +3;ie/ 3:... Phil. ii. -" 4a/



K#reekL" e<;3/in6 hi/ li:e 03 5an6er" a/ an 3l5 a0in in0er;re0er 3: P10ean1/ ren5er/ i0"2 Parabo'atu! de ani-a !ua. See al/3 $e0/0ein 3n 0he ;la+e. Thi/ name 4a/ al/3 6i7en 03/3me 3::i+er/ 3: 0he Ch1r+h" 4h3 0h1/ a57en01re5 0heir li7e/ in 7i/i0in6 0he /i+k.Bin6ham" i9.

-. #r. i9. D. The ar61men0/ here re;lie5 03" 4ill 6enerall8 9e :31n5 in Ori6en +3n0raCel/. i9. ii. ;. " *+.

-. I9. ;. . A.

. N30 in 0he #r. i9. C.

. J I9. (Dem3n/0r. E7an6.) ;. . C." 4i0h /3me 7aria0i3n/.

. G C3m;. E;. C3l. i. -" an5 /ee 0he n30e a937e" B33k i7. ;ar. -G.

-. A+0/ i7. " .

. J I9. .

J. G I9. +h. 7ii.

G. I9. +h. 7iii. . /e.

. I9. +h. <ii. . /e.

. S3 Ori6en +3n0ra Cel/. i9. ii. ;. G.

. E1/e9. E++l. Hi/0. +a;. <<iii. Dem3n/0r. E7an6. i9. iii. 7. ;. G" B. C. K...L

J. E++l. Hi/0. +a;. <<7. K...L

J. I9. +a;. <7iii. K...L

J. Thi/ 4a/ !15a/" Ma00. <<7i. & <<7ii. -" *+. K...L

J-. Dem3n/0r. E7an6. i9. ;. . K...L

J. - Thi/ +la1/e 53e/ n30 a;;ear in 0he #reek.

JJ. De10. <7ii. G& <i<. J. C3r. <iii. .

JG. J Dem3n/0r. E7an6. i9. B. #r. K#reekL.



J. I9. ;. . C. The S8ria+ i/ 39/+1re here" 4hi+h /0an5/ 0h1/, KS8ria+L" li0. The!ethin(! then have been inve!ti(ated 3r" 'et thebe (0h316h0) inve!ti(ated (a/) that %ehave (iven to the- b) &onnivan&e a be(innin( %hi&h i! not in #ro#riet). K...L

J. Dem3n/0r. E7an6. ;. . D.

J. Dem3n/0r. E7an6. i9. ;. . B.

G. Ma00. <. " *+.

G. G A+0/ iii. G.

G. Dem3n/0r. E7an6. i9. ;. . A.

G-. !3hn <7i. --.

G. !3hn <7i. .

GJ. Mark i<. -. 1ke <<i. .

GG. See 0he n30e 03 0he ne<0 ;ara6ra;h. Dem3n/0. E7an6. i9. iii. ;. . D. /e. 4i0h+er0ain 7aria0i3n/.

G. J Ma00. i<. =. A/ 9e:3re" 5i::erin6 +3n/i5era9l8 :r3m 0he Pe/+hi03.

G. G Ma00. <. " -.

G. An e<0ra+0 :r3m 0he 3ri6inal #reek 3: 0hi/ ;la+e" ha7in6 9een ;re/er7e5 in 0heIm;erial i9rar8 a0 Vienna" an5 kin5l8 +3mm1ni+a0e5 03 me" (/ee B33k i7. /e+0. G"a937e") I /hall n34 6i7e i0 a/ 9e:3re (. +.) F3l. -J. 7. E1/eB. eu0agge<qeof a&8 =%ae" ru*ri"a e"ipit o"u# Lu"ae de 5o"atione Le5i8> 1-"ionqan#a&sai to_ a1paston ai\ .a&%qej %?qoj77 ai\ t%_n .oso./antou~ eu0aggeistou~ #atqai/ou7 ou;toj ga_r to_n pro&teron *i/on9ou0 a0po_ se#n%~j diatri*%~j wr#a~to9 e0 de\ tw~n a0#.\ ta_jtewni/aj ai\ peone"i/aj soazo&ntwn7 ai\ tou~to tw~n oipw~neu0aggeistw~n ou0dei\j d%~on %#i~n e0poi/%sen7 ou0 osnnapo&stooj au0tou~ @4wa&nn%j7 a0a0 o #e\n oua~j

sugau&ptwn to_ o1no#a t%~ a0raiote/ra pros%gori/a ater%&sato7au0to_j d@ o #atqai~oj7 to_n eautou~ st%iteu/wn uionA =ego*i/on7> Aai\ at%&goroj eautou~ gino&#enoj9 o0no#asti\9 au0to_jeautou~ #e#n%#e/noj7 e0n tw~ oi0ei~w suggra&##ati to&nd@istorei~ to_u tro&pon7 ai\ para&gwn e0ei~qen o i0"7ei?den a1non@@ = a15qrwpon> aq%&#enon e0pi\ to_ tew&nion#atqai~on o0no&#ati9 e0e/gwn eautou~ to_ trau~#a iBna



qau#a&s%j t%_n te/n%n tou~ i0atreu/santoj7 ai\ pa&in prow_ne"%~j9 to&n te ata&ogon tw~n oipw~n #aq%tw~ne0"ariq#ou&#enoj9 au0to_j eautw~ to_ tou~ tew&nou prosti/q%sino1no#a7 di0 uper*o%_n e0pieiei/aj7 #%_ e0piru&ptwn to_n

pro&teron au0tou~ *i/on7 =Fo7 BCD r7> ai\ a#artwoi~j eauto_usunariq#ei~7 ai\ tou~ sunaposto&ou9 deu&teron eauto_natae/gei7 sunezeug#e/noj gou~n tw~ qw#a~9 wj petroj a0ndre/a7ai\ i0a&w*oj i0wa&nn%9 ./ippo&j te ai\ *arqoo#ai~oj7 prota&tteieautou~ to_n qw#a~n7 proti#w~n wj rei/ttona to_nsunapo&stoon7 tw~n oipw~n eu0aggeistw~n tounanti/onpepoi%o&twn8== Se1i01r e0 h3+ l3+3 r19ri+a, gr%gori/ou qeoo&g." Dr %3;i0ara55/" N30a 1i5 /i /19 C3r5erii E1/e9i3 e0 Theo#hane 1em ille eBe//ari3ni/ &odi&e +i0a0" ne+ 5e:ini0" la0ea0 E1/e9ii qeofa&neia E n3/0r3 nil am;li1/a;;are0. Se5 7i5e3 a %3llarii n30a a5 am9e+ii re+en/i3nem" Ri+h. Si-one- la15are/imilem +a0enam Bi9li30he+ae Pari/inae. == The Pari/ian Ca0ena I ha7e n3 mean/ 3:

e<aminin6. The 1er8 re/;e+0in6 0he C35e< 3: Car5inal Be//ari3n" I m1/0 lea7e 03 0h3/e4h3 ha7e a++e// 03 0ha0 C35e<. On 30her e<0ra+0/" :31n5 98 Si6n3r Mai" /ee ;. J"a937e" n30e. The learne5 rea5er 4ill ;er+ei7e" 0ha0 in 0hi/" a/ 4ell a/ 0he :3rmer e<0ra+0"0he Iota !ub!&ri#tu-" i/ e7er84here 3mi00e5 , an5 0ha0" in 0hi/ e<0ra+0" a :e4 43r5/ ha7e 9een a55e5 98 0he +3m;iler 3: 0he Ca0ena in 4hi+h i0 i/ :31n5. The 4h3le ;a//a6e i/ al/3:31n5" 4i0h /3me 7aria0i3n/" in 0he Dem3n/0r. E7an6. i9. iii. 7. ;. . D. /e.

. 1ke 7i. -. /e.

. - 1ke i. .

. $an0in6 in 0he #reek.

-. J Dem3n/0r. E7an6. i9. ;. . D.

. G O1r a10h3r /;eak/ here 3: 0he Fir/0 E;i/0le 3: !3hn 3nl8, 0he /e+3n5 an5 0hir5"==inea+h 3: 4hi+h 0he A;3/0le i/ in5ee5 /08le5 El5er" ==9ein6 /1/;e+0e5 a/ /;1ri31/ :3r/3me 0ime in 0he Ch1r+h. See E1/e9. E++l. Hi/0. i9. 7i. +a;. <<7.== In 0he :31r0h+en01r8" 4hen E1/e9i1/ 4r30e hi/ E++le/ia/0i+al Hi/03r8" 0he Se+3n5 an5 Thir5 E;i/0le/3: S0 !3hn 4ere n30 re+k3ne5 am3n6 0he o#oogou#ena" 910 4ere in 0he n1m9er 3: 0he antiego#ena" 3r 933k/ re+ei7e5 98 /3me" an5 re>e+0e5 98 30her/. Mar/h2/Mi+haeli/" V3l. 7i. /e+0. i. +ha;" <<<ii"

J. I9. The a10h3r nei0her +all/ him/el: !3hn" n3r a//1me/ 0he 0i0le 3: A;3/0le& 910name/ him/el: /im;l8 20he El5er"2 ( o pres*uteroj)... S0 !3hn mi6h0 4i0h 0he /ame ;r3;rie08 +all him/el: pres*uteroj"a/ S0 Pe0er +alle5 him/el: su#pres*uteroj& an5a:0er 0he 5ea0h 3: S0 Pe0er" 0he 0i0le o pres*uteroj mi6h0 ha7e 9een a;;lie5e<+l1/i7el8 03 S0 !3hn" 4h3 4a/ 0he 3nl8 A;3/0le 0hen li7in6. See 0he 4h3le 3: 0hi/, i0.Pr3le6. Mill" in N.T. E5i0. %1/0er" /e+0. J" , al/3 Hamm3n52/ an5 $hi0982/ Pre:a+e/



03 0he Se+3n5 E;i/0le 3: S0 !3hn. K...L.

G. Mark 7iii. .

. Ma00. <7i. J=. Di/a6reein6 in man8 re/;e+0/ 4i0h 0he Pe/+hi03" a/ 9e:3re.Dem3n/0r. E7an6. i9. ;. . A. B.

. - See a937e" B33k i7. /e+0. = 4here 4e ha7e a 6335 e<;lana0i3n 3: 0hi/ ;a//a6e. I0 i/al/3 +i0e5 Pre;. E7an6. i9. i. +a;. iii. ;. mihi. . C." al/3 Dem3n/0r. E7an6. i9. iii. +a;.7. ;. . B.

. I 431l5 remark here" 0ha0 98 "bindin( and 'oo!in(" +an 3nl8 9e mean0" 0he 3::i+e"==+3mmi00e5 ;rimaril8 03 0he A;3/0le/" an5 /e+3n5aril8 03 all 51l8 a10h3ri?e5 Mini/0er/ 3:Chri/0==3: ;rea+hin6"-ini!teria'') 0he remi//i3n 3: /in/ 0hr316h :ai0h in Him, 0he :a+0 9ein6" 0ha0 n3 3ne 3: 0he A;3/0le/ e7er 5i5" in hi/ 34n ;er/3n" ;r3+ee5 03 ;r3n31n+e

;ar53n 3: /in 3n an8 man" n3r" 3n 0he 30her han5" 03 5en31n+e 5amna0i3n , 0hi/ m35e 3:/;eakin6 3: an8 0hin6 a/ 53ne" 4hen 0he en1n+ia0i3n 3: i0 3nl8 i/ in0en5e5" 9ein6 7er8:re1en0l8 ha5 re+31r/e 03 in 0he S+ri;01re/. See m8 He9. #ram. Ar0. J" & J" G"/e+3n5 3r 0hir5 e5i0.

. J B30h E/0i1/ (in 5i::i+il. S+ri;0. l3+. in Mar+. 7iii. .) an5 Dr Hamm3n5 (Ann30. 3n0he 0i0le 3: Ma00.) ha7e al/3 n30i+e5 0hi/" a/ E1/e9i1/ ha/. (Pre;. E7an6. i9. iii. +a;. 7ii.)S0 Pe0er2/ h1mili08" /a8/ 0he :3rmer" 431l5 n30 /1::er him 03 0ell 0he/e (h3n31ra9le)0hin6/ 03 S0 Mark" 4hen he 4a/ 4ri0in6 hi/ #3/;el...4hi+h e7i5en+e/ 0he 6rea0m35e/08 3: 0he A;3/0le. Dr Hamm3n5,...He (Pe0er" an5 a:0er Him Mark) 530h i0"(men0i3n/ hi/ 5enial" *+.) -ore &o'd') 0han Ma00he4 ha5 53ne"

3nl8 e1aie... Ma00he4" e1aie pirw~j7 !3ne/ (3n 0he Can3n" V3l. in. ;. GJ.) 4ellremark/"...There i/ n30 an8 3ne /in6le in/0an+e in all hi/ #3/;el (i.e. Mark2/) 4hi+h0en5/ 03 a57an+e 0he h3n31r...3: Pe0er a937e 0he re/0 3: 0he A;3/0le/&...4hi+h +ann30 9ea++31n0e5 :3r 98 an8 4a8 m3re ;r39a9le" 0han /1;;3/in6 0ha0 0he A;3/0le 5i5 n30 ;19li/h0h3/e +ir+1m/0an+e/ 4hi+h 4ere /3 m1+h in hi/ :a731r. He al/3 remark/" 0ha0" Pe0er2/43rkin6 a mira+le" in 3r5er 03 ;a8 0he 0ri910e" i/ 3mi00e5 98 Mark. See Ma00. <7ii. .Mark i<. -=--. O1r 3r52/ /a8in6 he 431l5 ;ra8 :3r Pe0er" 1ke <<ii. -==-" i/ al/33mi00e5. Pe0er2/ h1mili08 in n30 all34in6 Chri/0 03 4a/h hi/ :ee0" i/ al/3 3mi00e5. (!3hn<iii. G.). Pe0er2/ ?eal in +100in6 3:: 0he Hi6h Prie/02/ /er7an02/ ear" !3hn <7iii. " i/ al/33mi00e5" a/ i/ hi/ :ai0h in lea;in6 in03 0he /ea" !3hn <<i. , al/3 0he ;ar0i+1lar +har6e 03:ee5 Hi/ /hee;" !3hn <<i. J, a/ al/3 0he ;re5i+0i3n 3: hi/ mar08r53m" !3hn <<i. . I0 i/

43r0h8 3: remark 033" 0ha0 all 0he/e 3mi//i3n/ 4ere ma5e in the &it) o Ro-e 4herePe0er 0a16h0" an5 4here Mark" m3/0 likel8" 4r30e hi/ #3/;el S1rel8 0he A;3/0le ne7er+31l5 ha7e in0en5e5 03 9e ele7a0e5 0here a/ /1;eri3r 03 all 0he A;3/0le/" an5 hea5 3: 0he4h3le Chri/0ian Ch1r+h I/ i0 n30 ;r39a9le 0ha0 hi/ in0en0i3n 4a/" 03 61ar5 a6ain/0 0hea//1m;0i3n" 4hi+h he :3re/a4 431l5 9e ha5 re+31r/e 03

. G Mark <i7. GG" 03 0he en5, 5i::erin6 :r3m 0he Pe/+hi03" a/ 9e:3re.



. Dem3n/0r. E7an6. i9. ;. . A.

-. I9. A. /e.

. I9. ;. . C." 4i0h /3me 7aria0i3n/.

J. J Dem3n/0r. E7an6. i9. D.

G. Dem3n/0r. E7an6. i9. ;. -. B. C. 4i0h /3me 7aria0i3n/.

. - An0i. !15. i9. <7i1. +a;. i7. /e+0. -. E5i0. H15/3n" ;. . 4here 0he ;a//a6e i/0h1/ 6i7en" K#reekL. H15/3n ha/ 6i7en (i9.) a 6335 li/0 3: 7ari31/ rea5in6/. I0 4ill 9e/1::i+ien0 :3r me 03 n30i+e 0h3/e 39/er7e5 98 31r S8rian 0ran/la03r. Thi/ ;a//a6e i/ +i0e5 98 E1/e9i1/ 930h in hi/ E++le/ia/0i+al Hi/03r8 (i9. i. +a;. <i.)" an5 in hi/ Dem3n/0ra0i3E7an6eli+a (i9. in. 7. ;. . B.) a/ ma8 9e /een in H15/3n" a. S3 0he S8r.KS8ria+L 9. S3

0he S8r. +. S8r. ai\ dida&saoj. 5. S8r. t%~| a0%qei/a| deo#e/nwn. e. S3 0heS8r. n30 "#e''e+it" a/ in 0he a0in 3: H15/3n2/ E5i0. :. S8r. ai\ o risto&j. 6. S8r.KS8ria+L" in!i-u'atione Thi/ 43r5 I ha7e ne7er me0 4i0h 9e:3re in 0hi/ /en/e" h. 0he S8r.a55/ KS8ria+L" oi pa&ai9 paai~oi" 3r a0rai~oi" i: 4e ha7e n30 043 0ran/la0i3n/here 3: 0he #reek" tw~n prw&twn 4hi+h I /1/;e+0 i/ 0he +a/e. i. The S8r. /eem/ 03ha7e ha5 tw~n par@ %#i~n. >. S8r. /eem/ 03 ha7e ha5" oi to_ prw~ton. k.Pr39a9l8 n30 in 0he #reek 3: 31r 0ran/la03r. . N30 in 0he +3;8 3: 31r S8rian" m. The S8r./eem/ 03 ha7e rea5" oBqen ei0j e1ti. n. Di5 n30 e<i/0 in 0he #reek 3: 31r 0ran/la03r.==See al/3 Fa9ri+ii Sal10ari/ 1< E7an6elii" +a;. ii. ;. G. /e.==I0 ha/ 9een 7er8 +3mm3n 03/1/;e+0 0hi/ ;a//a6e a/ /;1ri31/" 3r a/ ;ar0l8 /3& an5 /3me ha7e 63ne /3 :ar a/ 03 +har6eE1/e9i1/ 4i0h 0he :ra15. See 0he n30e/ 3: Vale/i1/ 03 0he E++l. Hi/0. l. +. a937e. The +hie:

6r31n5 :3r 0hi/ /1/;i+i3n a;;ear/ 03 9e" !3/e;h1/2/ /a8in6" Thi! %a! the 5hri!t 4hen" in:a+0" he 4a/ n3 Chri/0ian. B10" I/ i0 ne+e//ar8 03 /1;;3/e 0hi/ The R1ler/ 3: 0he !e4/m1/0 ha7e kn34n 0ha0 !e/1/ 4a/ 0he Chri/0& an5 8e0" 0he8 re/i/0e5 Him" e7en 03 0he100erm3/0 The8 4ere a+1ain0e5 4i0h Hi/ mira+le/" an5 Hi/ re/1rre+0i3n. Di5 0he8 a+0a++3r5in6l8 1i0e 0he +3n0rar8 M1+h 0he /ame mi6h0 9e /ai5 3: 0h31/an5/ am3n631r/el7e/" 4h3 4illin6l8 6i7e 0heir 0e/0im3n8 03 0he hi/03ri+al :a+0 3: !e/1/ 9ein6 0heChri/0" 910 4h3 are /0ill a/ li00le :rien5/ 03 Hi/ +a1/e a/ !3/e;h1/ 4a/. $ha0e7er ma8"0here:3re" 9e 0he :a+0 3: 0he +a/e" a/ 03 0hi/ rea5in6" I 53 n30 /ee h34 i0 +an 9e im;16ne53n 6r31n5/ /3 :alla+i31/ a/ 0he/e. M8 34n im;re//i3n i/" 0ha0 i0 i/ n30 /;1ri31/.

. Dem3n/0r. E7an6. i9. ;. . C. D.

. S3 al/3 ;. J" /ee 0he n30e.

. - The Dem3n/0r. E7an6. lea7e/ 1/ here. I9. ;. J. A.

. Dem3n/0r. E7an6. i9. iii. +a;. 7i. ;. J. A." 910 4i0h +3n/i5era9le 7aria0i3n.



. - See B33k i7. ;ar. G" a937e. Thi/ ma00er 3++1r/ al/3 in 0he Dem3n/0r. E7an6. i9. iii.+a;. 7. ;. -J. B. C. /e.

-. !3hn <<. .

. J The #reek i/ 5i::eren0 here" i9. C.

J. G The #reek ha/ m1+h m3re here" i9. D.

G. Dem3n/0r. E7an6. i9. ;. -G. A.

. Ci0e5 al/3 a937e" ;. J.

. J Dem3n/0r. E7an6. i9. ;. -. C. D.

. Thi/ ar61men0 i/ a57an+e5 98 Cel/1/, Ori6en +3n0ra Cel/. i9. ii. ;. . /e.

. K...L All 31r a10h3r mean/ i/ ;r39a9l8 0hi/" 0ha0" l33kin6 a0 /1+h a ;r3>e+0 3:+3n7er0in6 0he 43rl5" 4i0h /1+h mean/ /im;l8" h34 m1+h /3e7er he mi6h0 9e 5i/;3/e5 03l33k +an5i5l8 3n 0he 0hin6& 8e0 he +31l5 n30 910 +3n+l15e" 0ha0 i0 reall8 ;r3mi/e5 n30hin6,i. e. ;r37i5e5 30her an5 almi6h08 ;34er/ ha5 n30 9een ;10 :3r0h in i0.

. Ma00" <<7iii. .

. - I9. 7er. .

-. !3hn <<. .

. J Ma00. <. " *+.

J. G Thi/ /eem/ 03 re:er 03 A+0/ iii. " *+. i7. " *+. A+0/ <i7. " *+.

G. Dem3n/0r. E7an6. i9. ;. -. B. C.

. #r. )idasaei~a. a0. "!&ho'a at6ue auditoria9" 6enerall8" a/ ;la+e/ 3:Chri/0ian in/0r1+0i3n.

. J See B33k iii. /e+0. i. /e. a937e.

. @ The a10h3r/ 3: The Uni7er/al Hi/03r8" 0ell/ 1/" a:0er re+i0in6 0he am31r/ 3: !1li1/Cae/ar an5 3: Mark An0h3n8 4i0h Cle3;a0ra" (V3l. i<. ;. " E5i0. ") 0ha0 In heren5e5 0he :amil8 3: P03lem8 a61/" 0he :31n5er 3: 0he E()#tian m3nar+h8" a:0er i0 ha5r1le5 37er E68;0" :r3m 0he 5ea0h 3: Ale<an5er" 043 h1n5re5 an5 nine08 :31r 8ear/" 3r" a/30her/ 4ill ha7e i0" 043 h1n5re5 an5 nine08 0hree" an5 0hree m3n0h/. F3r :r3m 0hi/



0ime E()#t 4a/ re51+e5 03 a Ro-an ;r37in+e" an5 637erne5 98 a ;rae03r /en0 0hi0her:r3m Ro-e."**On 0he ;r3;he+ie/ 3: Daniel rela0in6 03 0hi/ ;eri35" 0he 43rk 3: Sir I/aa+ Ne403n 3n 0hi/ /19>e+0" 3r R3llin2/ An+ien0 Hi/03r8" ma8 9e +3n/1l0e5 4i0h a57an0a6e.

. I0 m1/0 9e 93rne in min5" 0ha0 0hi/ re:er/ /3lel8 03 0he 0ime/ in 4hi+h 0he A;3/0le/ ;rea+he5, :3r" in 0he/e" 0he8 6enerall8 /1::ere5 n3 ;er/e+10i3n/" e<+e;0 :r3m 0he1n9elie7in6 !e4/. $e ha7e a remarka9le in/0an+e ill1/0ra0i7e 3: 0hi/ ar61men0 re+3r5e5in 0he A+0/ 3: 0he A;3/0le/" (+h. <<ii. -==-), 4here i0 i/ e7i5en0 0ha0" i: Pa1l ha5 n30 9een a R3man" 3r ha5 3mi00e5 03 /0an5 1;3n hi/ ;ri7ile6e a/ /1+h" he 431l5 ha7e 9een/+31r6e5" i: n30 ;10 03 5ea0h" 98 0he Cen01ri3n, an5 al/3" 0ha0 i: n3 Cen01ri3n ha5 9een0here" he 431l5 ha7e 9een /03ne5 03 5ea0h 98 0he !e4/. The R3man ;34er 0here:3re"al0h316h a:0er4ar5/ a ;er/e+10in6 3ne" 5i5 +3n0ri910e +er0ainl8 03 0he :1r0heran+e 3: 0he#3/;el.==Thi/ ar61men0 i/ 1r6e5 al/3 a937e" B33k in. /e+0" l. /e.& an5 in 0he Pre;.E7an6. i9. i. +a;. i7. ;. " al/3 in 0he Ora0. 5e la155. C3n/0an0. Ca;. <7i. ;. J.

. - Re:eren+e (/ee al/3 E++l. Hi/0. i9. i<. +a;. i<. ;. -. B.) i/ ;r39a9l8 here ma5e 03/3me 3: 0h3/e mar7ell31/ 0hin6/ 53ne in an+ien0 0ime/ in :a731r 3: #352/ Ch1r+h. In 0heE++le/ia/0i+al Hi/03r8 3: 31r A10h3r" 0he 5eli7eran+e :r3m E68;0 i/ 0h1/ +3m;are5 4i0h0he ere+0i3n 3: 0he Chri/0ian Ch1r+h. Pa1l1/ Or3/i1/ make/ a /imilar +3m;ari/3n" (i9.7ii. +a;. <<7ii. See m8 Serm3n/ an5 Di//er0a0i3n/" 3n5. -" ;;. -==.)" an5a+0an0i1/ 0rea0/ 0hi/ ma00er m1+h a0 len60h in hi/ a5mira9le Tra+0" De -ortibu! Per!e&utoru-." See al/3" 3n 0he 5ea0h 3: D3mi0ian" S1e03ni1/" i9. <i. +a;. <7i. /e.#aleri1/ 4a/ 0he in/0i6a03r 3: 0he la/0 ;er/e+10i3n. See hi/ mi/era9le en5. Hi/0. E++l. i9.7iii. +a;. <7i. ;. J. /e. See al/3" i9. i9. i<. +a;. 7i. ;. . i9. +a;. <. ;. . B. C. i9. ;. . D. /e. al/3 C3n/0an0ini 3ra0. a5 San+0. +3e0. +a;. <<i7. <<7.

.

$an0in6 in 0he #reek" i9. ;. . D.

-. G Thi/" al0h316h hin0in6==i0 ma8 9e==a0 0he ;la61e/ 3: E68;0" an5 0he :all 3: Phara3han5 hi/ h3/0" ha/ m3re imme5ia0e re:eren+e 03 0he R3man Em;er3r/" 4h3 033k an a+0i7e ;ar0 in 0he ;er/e+10i3n/ 3: 0he Ch1r+h. See 0he a10h3ri0ie/ >1/0 re:erre5 03" ;ar0i+1larl8E1/e9. Hi/0. E++l. i9. 7iii. +a;. <7ii. ;. J. Thi/ ;ar0 +l3/e/ 4i0h Dem3n/0r. E7an6. i9.iii. i9. ;. . A.

Preliminr! Disser"i#n#n E+sei+s, Bis$#% #*

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T$e#%$ni

KA55i0i3nal ma0erial :r3m 1a/0en an5 B OPACL There are n1mer31/ #reek :ra6men0/" 910 0he 3ri6inal i/ l3/0. H34e7er 0here i/ a 7er8 /la7i/h S8ria+ 0ran/la0i3n" 4hi+h m1/0ha7e 9een ma5e a0 a 7er8 earl8 5a0e /in+e 0he Bri0i/h i9rar8 ;3//e// a man1/+ri;0 3: i05a0e5 Fe9r1ar8 AD.

#reek Fra6men0/,

• P# G=G.

• H. #RESSMANN" Eu!ebiu! /erke -., Die Theo#hanie9 Die (rie&hi!&hen Bru&h!t&ke und ber!et4un( der !)ri!&henber'ieerun(en (,5S ." ).

The S8ria+ 0e<0 4a/ :ir/0 e5i0e5 98 S/MUEL LEE (3n53n" ),

• Sam1el EE" D.D." Can3n 3: Bri/03l" Eu!ebiu! Bi!ho# o 5ae!area onthe Theo#hania or Divine Manie!tation o our :ord and Saviour 0e!u!5hri!t. A S)ria& Ver!ion. Edited ro- an an&ient -anu!&ri#t re&ent')di!&overed b) S. :ee. S)ria&. 3n53n, S3+ie08 :3r 0he P19li+a0i3n 3:Orien0al Te<0/ (). 3. Prin0e5 in 0he Pe/hi03 Chara+0er. KThe/e n30e/:r3m 0he Bri0i/h i9rar8 OPACL

ee al/3 ;19li/he5 an En6li/h 0ran/la0i3n 3: 0he S8ria+ in 0he :3ll34in6 8ear,

• S.EE" E1/e9i1/ 3: Cae/area 3n 0he The3;hania 3r Di7ine Mani:e/0a0i3n3: 31r 3r5 an5 Sa7i31r !e/1/ Chri/0" 0ran/la0e5 in03 En6li/h 4i0h n30e/":r3m an an+ien0 S8ria+ 7er/i3n 3: 0he #reek 3ri6inal. Cam9ri56e, D1n+anan5 Mal+3lm (-).









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5_6_Early Christian History_Teophania by Eusebius