601 New Jersey Avenue Alternative Materials Amber House Structural 601 New Jersey Avenue Washington, D.C. Alternative Construction Materials Amber L. House

Amber HouseAmber HouseStructuralStructural

601 New Jersey Avenue601 New Jersey AvenueAlternative MaterialsAlternative Materials

601 New Jersey Avenue601 New Jersey AvenueWashington, D.C.Washington, D.C.

Alternative Construction MaterialsAlternative Construction Materials

Amber L. HouseAmber L. HouseStructural OptionStructural Option



Thesis OverviewThesis Overview Building IntroductionBuilding Introduction Structural Depth Structural Depth Architectural BreadthArchitectural Breadth Construction Management BreadthConstruction Management Breadth Conclusions Conclusions AcknowledgementsAcknowledgements QuestionsQuestions

Presentation Outline:Presentation Outline:







Replace Existing Floor SystemReplace Existing Floor System Investigate the Impacts of this Change on other Investigate the Impacts of this Change on other

SystemsSystems Determined How this Change will influence the Determined How this Change will influence the

Cost and Construction ScheduleCost and Construction Schedule Summarize Owner’s Options.Summarize Owner’s Options.

Thesis Overview:Thesis Overview:







Purpose:Purpose: Win the tenancy of the Federal Trade CommissionWin the tenancy of the Federal Trade Commission

Location:Location: Washington, D.C.Washington, D.C.

Size:Size: Office: 258,000 sq ft. (9 stories)Office: 258,000 sq ft. (9 stories) Garage: 90,000 sq ft. (3 levels)Garage: 90,000 sq ft. (3 levels)

Completed:Completed: August 2001August 2001

Building Introduction:Building Introduction:



Project Team:Project Team: Owner:Owner: Lowe Enterprises & Lowe Enterprises &

Teacher’s Teacher’s Insurance Insurance Annuity AssociationAnnuity Association

General Contractor:General Contractor: James G. Davis Construction James G. Davis Construction Co.Co.

Architect:Architect: Hickok Warner Fox ArchitectsHickok Warner Fox Architects Civil Engineers: Civil Engineers: Delon Hampton & Delon Hampton &

AssociatesAssociates MEP Engineers: MEP Engineers: Girard Engineering, Ltd.Girard Engineering, Ltd. Structural Engineers: Structural Engineers: Structural Design Group, Structural Design Group,

Ltd. Ltd.

Building Introduction Building Introduction (con’t)(con’t)::



Site:Site: ShapeShape Special features:Special features: Limitations:Limitations:

• 110 foot Height110 foot Height• Minimum Site Parking Minimum Site Parking

1 spot per 1800 sq ft.1 spot per 1800 sq ft.

• Square FeetSquare Feet

Building Introduction Building Introduction (con’t)(con’t)::







Floor SystemFloor System ColumnsColumns FoundationsFoundations

Structural Depth:Structural Depth:







Existing Office:Existing Office: 3.25 inch light weight concrete3.25 inch light weight concrete 3”- 203”- 20 gage steel deck gage steel deck Composite steel beamsComposite steel beams Occupies 24.5” Occupies 24.5”

of floor spaceof floor space 40 foot spans40 foot spans

Floor System:Floor System:



Existing Garage:Existing Garage: Two way systemTwo way system 9” slab9” slab 3.5” Drop panels3.5” Drop panels

Floor System Floor System (con’t)(con’t)::



Redesigned Garage:Redesigned Garage: (same) (same)

Redesigned Office:Redesigned Office: Two way slabTwo way slab 10.5” depth10.5” depth 3.5” Drop panels typical3.5” Drop panels typical 5.5” Drop panels5.5” Drop panels 12” X 17.5” edge beam12” X 17.5” edge beam







New Office:New Office: Two Way Slab Design Method (ADOSS)Two Way Slab Design Method (ADOSS)




New Office:New Office: One WayOne Way

• (1) #6 @12”(1) #6 @12”




New vs. Old Office Floor System:New vs. Old Office Floor System: Advantages:Advantages:

• Requires 14” less space floor to floor space.Requires 14” less space floor to floor space.• 1010thth floor can be added (28,500 sq ft.) floor can be added (28,500 sq ft.)• Low vibrationsLow vibrations• Easy to form into shapesEasy to form into shapes• Room for SprinklersRoom for Sprinklers• Common material in D.C. areaCommon material in D.C. area

Disadvantages:Disadvantages:• Columns in office spaceColumns in office space• Heavier systemHeavier system• FormworkFormwork








Existing:Existing: Steel W shapesSteel W shapes Start at first floorStart at first floor Typically span three floorsTypically span three floors

New:New: Square ConcreteSquare Concrete

• F’c = 4000 psi upper levelsF’c = 4000 psi upper levels• F’c = 5000 psi lower levelsF’c = 5000 psi lower levels

Sizes: Sizes: • Typically 16” x 16” to 24” x 24”Typically 16” x 16” to 24” x 24”

9 typical columns were designed9 typical columns were designed

Columns:Columns:

Mx My Mx My Mx MyF10 237.3 46.7 277.9 44 248.2 43.9

D8 -90.6 134.5 -105.9 157.2 -93.3 138.1E8 67.7 89.2 80 106 70.4 92.4F8 17.2 42.4 16.3 40.3 16.3 40D7 95.6 -96.4 -112.6 -112.6 98.2 -98.8D13 -112.4 -146.6 -137.9 -180.5 -121.9 -157.3E13 71.8 -111.4 90.4 -139.6 80.2 -123.3F13 20.1 -93.5 21.7 -99.9 18.7 -87

D10 -11.5 148.4 -10.8 185.3 -11 163.9

E10 -84.5 93.6 -100.1 111.4 -87.6 96.9

COLUMN 2ND

DESIGN JOINT MOMENTSMOMENTS

8TH TYPICAL



Impact Analysis:Impact Analysis: At lowest garage levelAt lowest garage level Columns D13 & E7Columns D13 & E7

Columns Columns (con’t)(con’t)::



Impact Analysis:Impact Analysis: VehicleVehicle

• Vehicle: Large SUVVehicle: Large SUV• Weight: 5000lb Weight: 5000lb • Bumper height~ 36 inBumper height~ 36 in • Acceleration 0-60mph in 8.5 secondsAcceleration 0-60mph in 8.5 seconds

Assumptions:Assumptions:• Deceleration of vehicle in 0.5 seconds.Deceleration of vehicle in 0.5 seconds.• Central impactCentral impact• Final velocity of automobile = 0Final velocity of automobile = 0• Column velocity = 0Column velocity = 0• Speed from sloped floor ignored Speed from sloped floor ignored




Impact Analysis:Impact Analysis:


D13 60.24 120.5 722.88 1518

E7 41.95 83.9 419.5 881.1

FORCE (kip)

MOMENT (ft-kip)

IMPACT INVESTIGATION SUMMARY

COLUMNVELOCITY

(ft/ s)DECELERATION

(ft/ s 2)

COLUMN SIZE REINFORCMENT LOAD (kip) F'c (psi)DISTANCE

(ft)

D13 26" X 26" 12 # 18'S 2805.34 5000 175.29E7 24" X 24" 16 # 14'S 2246.6 5000 170

IMPACT ANAYSIS COLUMN CHARACTERISTICS:



COLUMN D13 E7

SIZE 26" X 26" 24" X 24"

REINFORCING 12 # 18'S 16 # 14'S

LOAD 2805.34 2246.6SLAB MOMENT

(in-kip) 4368 4430

IMPACT MOMENT (in-kip)1518 881.1

(converted) TOTAL MOMENT (in-kip) 6002.77 5719.5

COLUMN MOMENT STRENGTH (in-kip) 7121 5270

LOAD RESISTING CAPABILITIES OF COLUMNS

Impact Analysis:Impact Analysis:








Existing Structure:Existing Structure: Soil Conditions:Soil Conditions:

• River terrace deposits consisting of clay, silt, sand and River terrace deposits consisting of clay, silt, sand and gravel underlain by residual materialsgravel underlain by residual materials

• Contains concrete, brick and other construction debris Contains concrete, brick and other construction debris • Ground water at depths ranging from 13 to 29 feet below Ground water at depths ranging from 13 to 29 feet below

the existing grade. the existing grade. • Maximum allowable soil bearing pressure of 6000 psf. Maximum allowable soil bearing pressure of 6000 psf.

Interior Foundations:Interior Foundations:• Concrete F’c = 3000 psiConcrete F’c = 3000 psi• ReinforcedReinforced• SquareSquare

Foundations:Foundations:

Type Size Depth (Inches) Reinforcing

F75 7' - 6" 26" (7) # 7

F80 8' 26" (8) # 7F155 15' - 6" 46" (15) # 10F165 16' - 6" 50" (16) # 10

Interior Foundations



Existing Structure:Existing Structure: Perimeter Foundations:Perimeter Foundations:

• Concrete F’c = 3000 psiConcrete F’c = 3000 psi• Reinforced Fy= 60 ksiReinforced Fy= 60 ksi• RectangularRectangular• Strap beamStrap beam

Foundations Foundations (con’t)(con’t)::

FA 23' (12) # 11 X 22'- 6" 8' (23) # 9 7'-6" 50"FB 20' (12) # 10 x 19'-6" 8' (20) # 9 7'-6" 48"

Depth (Inches)

Perimeter Foundations

Type Length (Feet)Reinforcing Long

BarsWidth (Feet)

Reinforcing Short Bars



Redesigned Structure:Redesigned Structure: Interior FoundationsInterior Foundations

• Only 10. 5” from perimeterOnly 10. 5” from perimeter

foundation.foundation.


Foundations EXISTING NEWDimensions 8' X 8' 17.5' X 17.5'

Depth 26" 54.5"Reinforcing 8 # 7's 17 # 10's

NEW VS. OLD FOUNDATION SIZES



Redesigned Structure:Redesigned Structure: Perimeter FoundationsPerimeter Foundations

• Loads less than existingLoads less than existing

• Removed strap beamRemoved strap beam• Used a combined footingUsed a combined footing


Foundations EXISTING NEWLoad 1698 kips 1431.71 kips

NEW VS. OLD FOUNDATION LOADS



Redesigned Structure:Redesigned Structure: Core FoundationsCore Foundations


Foundations EXISTING NEWDimensions 17' X 17' 19.5' X 19.5'

Depth 50" 62"Reinforcing 17 # 10's 19 # 10's

NEW VS. OLD FOUNDATION SIZES







G-Street FacadeG-Street Facade Ceiling & Floor HeightsCeiling & Floor Heights Columns in Office SpaceColumns in Office Space

Architectural Breadth:Architectural Breadth:







G- Street Facade:G- Street Facade:



G- Street Façade G- Street Façade (con’t)(con’t)::

Redesigned Redesigned Structure:Structure:

Change in column Change in column locationlocation







Ceiling & Floor Heights:Ceiling & Floor Heights:

Redesigned Structure Ceiling Height:Redesigned Structure Ceiling Height: 8’6” ceilings on floors 2-10 maintained8’6” ceilings on floors 2-10 maintained 11stst floor ceiling height reduced by 4” floor ceiling height reduced by 4”

• Existing: 10’7”Existing: 10’7”• New:New: 10’3”10’3”

Existing Floor-to-Floor Heights:Existing Floor-to-Floor Heights: Floors 2-9, 11.91’Floors 2-9, 11.91’ 11stst floor, 14’ floor, 14’

Redesigned Structure Floor-to-Floor Heights:Redesigned Structure Floor-to-Floor Heights: Floors 2-10, 10’10”Floors 2-10, 10’10” 11stst floor, 12’6” floor, 12’6”







Columns in Office Space:Columns in Office Space:

Parking Garage:Parking Garage: Existing Construction:Existing Construction:

• 198 parking spaces198 parking spaces RedesignRedesign

• Loss Approx 9 % of parkingLoss Approx 9 % of parking• 180 parking spaces remain180 parking spaces remain



Columns in Office Space Columns in Office Space (con’t)(con’t)::

Parking Garage:Parking Garage: Minimum site requirementsMinimum site requirements

STRUCTURE EXISTING NEWSquare feet 258000 286500

Number of Spaces 143 160

ONSITE PARKING REQUIERMENTS




Office Space:Office Space: ExistingExisting




Office Space:Office Space: RedesignedRedesigned




Office Space:Office Space: Redesign LayoutRedesign Layout










ScheduleSchedule CostCost

Construction Management:Construction Management:







Existing Schedule:Existing Schedule: Design Phase: Design Phase: Start 1/14/ 2000 Start 1/14/ 2000 32.2 weeks32.2 weeks Fabrication/Delivery of Major Building materials: Start Fabrication/Delivery of Major Building materials: Start

1/27/20001/27/2000 Foundations: Foundations: Start 10/18/2000 Start 10/18/2000 16.8 weeks16.8 weeks Superstructure: Superstructure: Start 2/27/2001 Start 2/27/2001 21.2 weeks21.2 weeks Spray on Fireproofing: Spray on Fireproofing: Start 4/20/2001 Start 4/20/2001 22.1 22.1

weeks weeks

Schedule of Redesigned Structure:Schedule of Redesigned Structure: 12 weeks to pour 10 floors12 weeks to pour 10 floors 4 weeks for fabrication of rebar4 weeks for fabrication of rebar Fast track ConstructionFast track Construction Spray on fireproofing eliminatedSpray on fireproofing eliminated

Schedule:Schedule:







Existing Structure:Existing Structure: Actual: $24,330,000.0Actual: $24,330,000.000 Includes garage and officeIncludes garage and office

R.S. Means Square Foot Cost:R.S. Means Square Foot Cost:

Cost:Cost:

Cost/ SF Square Feet Total Cost

SUB GRADE GARAGE 48.9 90000 $4,401,000.00

NEW CONSRUCTION 83.89 258000 $24,034,485.00

EXISTING CONSTUCTION 83.58 286500 $21,563,640.00

SQUARE FOOT COST ESTIMATE



R.S. Means Assemblies Estimate:R.S. Means Assemblies Estimate: Structural system onlyStructural system only

Cost Cost (con’t)(con’t)::

Description Cost/ SF

NEW CONSTRUCTION

Two-Way Concrete Slab and Reinforced Concrete Columns

$13.98

EXISTING CONSTUCTION

Steel Composite Beams and Steel Columns

$14.79

ASSEMBLIES ESTIMATE

STRUCTURAL MEMBER COST/ SF

Concrete Column $2.08Two-Way Concrete Slab $11.90

Steel Column $0.14

Compite Beam and Deck $14.65

ASSEMBLIES ESTIMATE

EXISTING CONSTUCTION

NEW CONSTRUCTION



Internal Rate of Return:Internal Rate of Return: Initial CostsInitial Costs

Building MaintenanceBuilding Maintenance• $14.00/square foot a year$14.00/square foot a year

IncomeIncome


Existing Structure $25,745,298.00New Structure $28,215,885.00

COST OF STRUCTURE

Existing Structure $3,612,000.00 per yearNew Structure $4,011,000.00 per year

BUILDING CLEANING AND MANAGING COSTS

GROSS NETExisting Structure $7,843,200.00 $5,490,240.00

New Structure $8,709,600.00 $6,096,720.00Difference $866,400.00 $606,480.00

ANUUAL RENTAL INCOME (80%)



Internal Rate of ReturnInternal Rate of Return:: Estimated Sale PriceEstimated Sale Price

• Retained for 25 yearsRetained for 25 years

MARR original structureMARR original structure• 8.2 % with assumptions8.2 % with assumptions

MARR Redesigned StructureMARR Redesigned Structure• 8.97%8.97%


Existing Structure $18,021,708.00New Structure $19,751,119.50

ESTIMATED SALE PRICE







Redesigned Floor System Key:Redesigned Floor System Key: Advantages:Advantages:

• 1010thth floor (28,500 sq ft.) floor (28,500 sq ft.)• Comparable scheduleComparable schedule• Common material in D.C. & Competitive ContractorsCommon material in D.C. & Competitive Contractors• More flexible for different tenant space requirementsMore flexible for different tenant space requirements

Disadvantages:Disadvantages:• Columns in office spaceColumns in office space• Possible lower rental value Possible lower rental value • Higher initial costHigher initial cost• Loss of parking spacesLoss of parking spaces

Conclusions:Conclusions:







Michael WeissMichael Weiss Structural Design GroupStructural Design Group Ron SchneckRon Schneck Hickok Warner FoxHickok Warner Fox Tom BickleyTom Bickley Girard EngineeringGirard Engineering Jim AlexanderJim Alexander The Albemarle Group, LLCThe Albemarle Group, LLC Julie KirkwoodJulie Kirkwood James G. Davis ConstructionJames G. Davis Construction Dr. HanaganDr. Hanagan Penn State Penn State

UniversityUniversity AE FacultyAE Faculty

Acknowledgements:Acknowledgements:







Questions?Questions?



New Office:New Office: Two Way Slab Design Method (ADOSS)Two Way Slab Design Method (ADOSS)

• Typical Assumptions:Typical Assumptions: Outside edge was straightOutside edge was straight Ignore elevator Edge beamsIgnore elevator Edge beams Case 1 CantileverCase 1 Cantilever Case 2 RemovedCase 2 Removed




New Office:New Office: Two Way Slab Design Results (ADOSS)Two Way Slab Design Results (ADOSS)


no. size no. size no. size1 5 # 4 4 # 4 23 # 42 6 # 7 5 # 7 23 # 43 10 # 6 10 # 6 20 # 44 10 # 6 10 # 6 19 # 45 6 # 7 5 # 7 23 # 46 5 # 4 4 # 4 23 # 4

COLUMN STRIP MIDDLE STRIPNEGATIVE REINFORCEMENT

Column Number

Long Bars Short Bars Long Bars

VERTICAL ONE





no. size no. size no. size no. size2 5 # 4 4 # 4 12 # 4 11 # 43 12 # 4 11 # 4 8 # 4 8 # 44 11 # 4 11 # 4 9 # 4 8 # 45 11 # 4 11 # 4 8 # 4 8 # 46 5 # 4 4 # 4 12 # 4 11 # 4

COLUMN STRIP MIDDLE STRIPShort BarsColumn

NumberLong Bars Short Bars Long Bars

POSITIVE REINFORCEMENT





no. size no. size no. size1 6 # 5 6 # 5 20 # 42 7 # 7 6 # 7 20 # 43 12 # 6 12 # 6 23 # 44 10 # 6 10 # 6 20 # 45 11 # 6 10 # 6 22 # 46 11 # 6 10 # 6 22 # 47 11 # 6 10 # 6 20 # 48 12 # 6 11 # 6 22 # 49 12 # 6 12 # 6 18 # 510 9 # 6 9 # 6 16 # 4

NEGATIVE REINFORCEMENTCOLUMN STRIP MIDDLE STRIP

Column Number

Long Bars Short Bars Long Bars

HORIZONTAL ONE FINAL





no. size no. size no. size no. size2 7 # 4 7 # 4 10 # 4 10 # 43 9 # 5 8 # 5 9 # 4 8 # 44 9 # 5 9 # 5 9 # 4 9 # 45 9 # 4 8 # 4 9 # 4 8 # 46 9 # 5 9 # 5 10 # 4 9 # 47 9 # 4 8 # 4 9 # 4 8 # 48 9 # 5 9 # 5 9 # 4 9 # 49 11 # 4 11 # 4 8 # 4 8 # 410 11 # 5 10 # 5 11 # 4 10 # 4

POSITIVE REINFORCEMENTCOLUMN STRIP MIDDLE STRIP

Column Number

Long Bars Short Bars Long Bars Short Bars



New:New: Column ScheduleColumn Schedule


Location: F8 E8 D8 A10 B10 D13 E13 F13 D7Drop Panel Size - 9.2' x 7.5' 9.2' x 9.25' - 9.2' x 7.5' 10' x 9.1' 10' x 7.5' - 10' x 9.2.5'

Drop Panel Depth - 3.5" 3.5" - 3.5" 5.5" 5.5" - 3.5"Load (kip) 853.4 1576.46 2395.01 853.4 1576.46 2173.69 1736.3 905.44 1919.8Strength 5000 5000 5000 5000 5000 5000 5000 5000 5000

Size 16" X16" 20" x 20" 26" x26 " 16" X16" 20" x 20" 24" x 24" 22" X 22" 16" x 16" 24" x 24"Reinforment 8 #10's 16 #11's 8 #10's 16 #11's 20 #11's 20 #10's 12 #11's 20 #10'sLoad (kip) 830.78 1418.7 2150.62 830.78 1418.7 1955.88 1562.4 796.46 1730

Strength (psi) 4000 4000 5000 4000 4000 5000 4000 4000 4000Size 16" X16" 20" x 20" 24" X 24" 16" X16" 20" x 20" 24" x 24" 22" X 22" 16" x 16" 24" x 24"

Reinforment 12 #10's 16 #11's 20 #11's 12 #10's 16 #11's 16 #11's 20 #10's 12 #11's 20 #10'sLoad (kip) 660.34 1257.18 1907.23 660.34 1261.88 1739.1 1389.2 705.52 1541.4

Strength (psi) 4000 4000 4000 4000 4000 4000 4000 3 4000Size 16" X16" 20" x 20" 24" X 24" 16" X16" 20" x 20" 24" x 24" 22" x 22" 16" x 16" 24" x 24"

Reinforment 4 #10's 12 #11's 20 #11's 4 #10's 16 #10's 16 #11's 16 #10's 12 #11's 16 #10'sLoad (kip)


Reinforment 4 #10's 12 #11's 20 #11's 4 #10's 16 #10's 16 #11's 16 #10's 12 #11's 16 #10'sLoad (kip) 489.9 943.1 1420.45 489.9 947.6 1305.5 1042.8 523.64 1164.2


Reinforment 4 #8's 8 #10's 12 #10 4 #8's 12 #10's 12 #10 8 #9's 8 #8's 8 #8's

6th

5th

COLUMN SCHEDULE

4th

3rd

2nd



New:New: Column ScheduleColumn Schedule


Location: F8 E8 D8 A10 B10 D13 E13 F13 D7Drop Panel Size - 9.2' x 7.5' 9.2' x 9.25' - 9.2' x 7.5' 10' x 9.1' 10' x 7.5' - 10' x 9.2.5'

Drop Panel Depth - 3.5" 3.5" - 3.5" 5.5" 5.5" - 3.5"Load (kip)


Reinforment 4 #8's 8 #10's 12 #10 4 #8's 12 #10 12 #10 8 #9's 8 #8's 8 #8'sLoad (kip) 319.46 633.52 933.67 319.46 633.52 871.86 696.43 341.76 787

Strength (psi) 4000 4000 4000 4000 4000 4000 4000 4000 4000Size 16" X16" 18" x 18" 22" X 22" 16" X16" 18" x 18" 22" X 22" 22" x 22" 16" x 16" 22" x 22"

Reinforment 4 #8's 8 #10's 8 #8's 4 #8's 12 #10's 12 #10's 4 #10's 4 #8's 4 #10'sLoad (kip)Strength 4000 4000 4000 4000 4000 4000 4000 4000 4000

Size 16" X16" 18" x 18" 22" X 22" 16" X16" 18" x 18" 22" X 22" 22" x 22" 16" x 16" 22" x 22"Reinforment 4 #8's 8 #10's 8 #8's 4 #8 12 #10's 12 #10's 4 #10's 4 #8's 4 #10'sLoad (kip) 152.4 329.14 453.12 152.4 329.14 451.5 164.04 416.8


Reinforment 4 #8's 4 #10's 4 #10's 4 #8's 8 #8's 8 #9's 4 #10's 4 #8's 4 #10'sLoad (kip)


Reinforment 4 #8's 4 #10's 4 #10's 4 #8's 8 #8's 8 #9's 4 #10's 4 #8's 4 #10's

Roof

COLUMN SCHEDULE

7th

8th

9th

10th



New vs. Old Office Floor SystemNew vs. Old Office Floor System : : Advantages:Advantages:

• Higher long run profitsHigher long run profits• Competitive concrete contractorsCompetitive concrete contractors• Common Construction methodCommon Construction method• Economies of scaleEconomies of scale

Disadvantages:Disadvantages:• Higher initial costHigher initial cost• More interest on loanMore interest on loan• Higher cost for building managementHigher cost for building management• Possible lower rental valuePossible lower rental value


Documents

601 New Jersey Avenue Alternative Materials Amber House Structural 601 New Jersey Avenue Washington, D.C. Alternative Construction Materials Amber L. House