63. Which U.S. initiative was designed to provide financial aid for war-torn European countries after the Second World War?

A the Marshall PlanB the Geneva AccordsC the NATO AllianceD the United Nations

THE RED SCARETHE RISE OF THE SUBURB

LIFE IN THE SUBURBS

1950s Culture

As after WWI, there was a Red Scare, or fear of communism, in the US after WWII.

However, the Red Scare after WWII was even more widespread and long term & was encouraged by the Truman administration, under pressure from Republican critics.

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AWeZ5SKXvj8&safe=active

The Loyalty Review Board and Smith Act of 1940 were used to root out “communists” in the federal government , and to cripple the Communist Party.

The House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) investigated communist activities in the government, armed forces, unions, education, science, newspapers, and TV and film.

The Red Scare

The HUAC held their best-known hearings investigating the movie industry in 1947- the Hollywood Ten, the Fifth Amendment, blacklists, and Freedom of Speech.

Espionage Trials of Alger Hiss and Julius and Ethel Rosenberg helped fuel the Red Scare.

Senator Joseph McCarthy of Wisconsin made a name for himself as a communist hunter and became one of the most powerful men in the US 1950-1954: McCarthyism

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hyBiSk97Hag&safe=active

The end of the Korean War in 1953 and McCarthy’s downfall in 1954 signaled the decline of the Red Scare, but not of the concern over the Cold War in general

The Red Scare, Cont.

Everyone thought the world was going to end in Nuclear war

http://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=duck+and+cover+cold+war&mid=B253EA3C6BA7981E2D3EB253EA3C6BA7981E2D3E&view=detail&FORM=VIRE3Duck and Cover

Duck and Cover

Economic Boom & Consumerism

Prices sky rocket as WW2 ends

Taft Hartley Act: outlawed a ‘closed shop’ a workplace in which only union members can be employed.

WWII Veterans Come Home

GI Bill of Rights: gave veterans a number of services.

Included: -A year of unemployment payments

-loans for houses or businesses

-financial assistance for higher education

The Baby Boom

Soldiers coming home from the war got married and had lots of kids.

1957 at the height of the baby boom 4.3 million Americans are born

What does this mean for the nation?

The National Highway Act

1956Largest

public works project in history.

Built 41,000 miles of federal highway

Made the car a necessity

The Suburbs

Large areas of mass housing outside of the cities.

Levittowns: The first example of the suburbs

Cookie-cutter housing

Life in the ‘Burbs

Family FocusedTVPopular MusicChristianThe place of Women

Family Focused

Nuclear Family-parents and kidsLess focus on Extended family, like

grandparentsDr Spock and child- rearing advice.

ChristianityChurch membership went

from 50 million to 80 million during the 50s.

The 1950s especially saw a boom in the Evangelical Church in America. The post–World War II prosperity experienced in the U.S. also had its effects on the church. Church buildings were erected in large numbers, and the Evangelical church's activities grew along with this expansive physical growth.

Billy Graham

Television

Sold faster than radios

Accelerated the trend towards mass culture

Portrayed ‘the ideal suburban life’

Rock and RollAdapted from a

combination of African American Rhythm and Blues and Country Music of the 1930’s and 40’s

Originally called “race music”

The kids loved itTheir parents hated

it

Bill Haley and the Comets performing "Rock Around the Clock" on TV in 1955

Little Richard

ELVIS is in the Building

BEATNIKSRURAL AND URBAN POVERTY“OTHER” AMERICANS FACED INJUSTICE

Dissent and Discontent

Practice

Write 3 columns into your notes and separate the ideas we studied today into the following categories

SocialEconomicEntertainment