7 Compression Tanks.95110342

7/18/2019 7 Compression Tanks.95110342

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Instructor: Varie C! Tho"as, #h!D!, #!E! $id"ore, O%ings &errill ''# *+**!-ls

Pressurization Tank Sizing

Project Name

Project No.

System Type Chilled .ater

Date

Tank Identif. / Name

Tank Description Cylindrical / 0ori1ontal

Location (buiding! #enthouse E2ui3t 4oo"

"oume System #$uipt Properties of %ater

#$uipt Dscr "oume Te"3

(re3lace/edit) (cu.ft.! T deg 5

Chillers 6 E7a3 8 +9

Chillers 6 Cond 8

Cooling To%ers 98

C0. #u"3s ;8 *8

C. #u"3s 8

Boilers 6 .T 8

0. #u"3s <8

0eat E-changers ;88

Cooling Coils 98 ;;8

0eating Coils ;8

4adtrs, Con7trs ;+8

5an Coil =nits +8 ;8

Ter"inal E2ui3t ;98

&iscell E2ui3t ;8

#$uip "o (ft&! ')

$yste" Vol (t+) > 8

Contigency 5actor ( ?) > ;8*+

E2ui7 l@s o .ater > V3 ;,999

E2ui7 gals o .ater > Vg ,*

# , Net Pressurization -actor for diapragm tanks

T E T E T

<8 8!88 ;;8 8!88 ;+8

;88 8!88* ;8 8!8;8 ;8

&a-i" .ater Te"3 6 T"a- (5) T

? E-3 o .ater r +9 5 to T e

Tan &aterial ($teel / Co33er)

Coe o E-3 o Tan &aterial a

Tan Ty3e (O3en / Closed)

Closed Ty3e (or"al / Dia3hrag")

Tan $i1e (? o $yste" Volu"e)

Deault Dia"eter (inches) D

'ocatn %!r!t #u"3 ($uctn/Dischge)

$yste" 0eight a@o7e Tan (t) 0

#r! 'oss r Tan to #u"3 (t!.tr) 5

$ys Vol ? age (t+ ) > "s

Sizing Data (Enter as re2uired @y tan ty3e si1ing "ethod)




#u"3 0ead (t .tr) #0




"oume of Pipes in System

oor odes Nom

0ser Input Size

acuated (ins!

1eference Data +/

;/

+/

;

; ;/

; ;/

$3!Vol e Te"3 $3!Vol e ;/

V t+/l@ ? e-3 T deg 5V t+/l@ ? e-3 +

8!8;*88 8 ;*8 ! + ;/

8!8;*8 8!; ;8 !;

8!8;*8 8!; ;8 +!;< 9

8!8;*8 8!9 ;<8 +!9* *

8!8;*89 8!+; 88 +!<

8!8;*8 8! ;8 !+ ;8

8!8;*;8 8!* 8 !; ;

8!8;*;+ 8!; +8 9!9 ;

8!8;*; ;!8* 8 9!9 ;*

8!8;*8 ;!9 98 *!9 ;

8!8;*9 ;!9* *8 *!9 8

8!8;*< ;!; 8 !

8!8;*+ !;+ 8 !

*

e , 2 #3pansion of %ater from &4 - to t

e > ;88F( Vt 6 8!8;* ) / 8!8;* +8

t > &a- te"3 o %ater (deg 5) +Vt > $3! Vol at te"3 t (t+/l@) +

a > Coe o E-3 o $teel (in / in) > 8!88888*9 +*

a > Coe o E-3 o Co33er (in / in) > 8!88888<9 Tota "oume of Pipes (ft&! ,

# , Net #3p of 5ater (gas! eated from T'

E T E T ;88 ;8

8!8; ;98 8!8; e > 8!88* 8!8;8

8!8;9 ;*8 8!8; # , e3 ;+! !+

88 A7erage O3erating Te"3 (5 T

+!< &ini" .ater Te"3 6 T"in ( T;

$teel &a-i" .ater Te"3 6 T"a- T

8!88888*9 $3eciGc Volu"e at T"in (t V;

O3en $3eciGc Volu"e at T"a- (t V

or"al $yste" Volu"e (t+) Vs

9 &in #ress at 0ighest #oint ( #;

&a- #ress to o3en $aety V #

$uction At"os3heric #ressure (3sia #a

<8 At"os3heric #ressure (t!. A, #aH

8 Venting #ressure (t!.tr) V




8 &a-i" O3erating #ressure ( #o




Inside "oume Lengt oume

Diam per ft per size er size

(ins! (cu.ft.! (ft! (cu.ft.!

8!< 8!88; 8!88

8!* 8!88 8!88

8! 8!88 8 8!8

;!89 8!88* +8 8!;

;!+ 8!8;8 8!88

;!*; 8!8; +8 8!

!8 8!8+ 8 8!

! 8!8++ +8 ;!88

+!8 8!89; 8 ;!8+

+!99 8!8*< 8!88

!8+ 8!8 +8 !*9

9!89 8!;+< 8!88

*!8 8!8; 98 ;8!8+

!< 8!+8 +8 ;8!;<

;8!8 8!9 8!88

;;!< 8! 8 ;9!99

;+!;+ 8!<8 8!88

;9!88 ;! 8!88

;*! ;!99+ 8

;!; ;!<+; 8!88

8!9 !+ 8!88

!* !<* 8!88

9!9 +! 8!88

!9 !898 8!88

<!9 !*** 8!88

+;!9 9!+* 8!88++!9 *!8+8 8!88

+9!9 *! 8!88

'4).&

o T

;98 88 8

8!8; 8!8+ 8!88

8!; 9! ;99!

88 dt > T6T; > ;*8

8 (V/V; 6 ;) > 8!8

88 #a / #; > 8!9

8!8;*8 #a / # > 8!+*

8!8;* #; / # > 8!*9

< #aH / #o > 8!8<

9!8 +FaFdt > 8!88+

8!8 3si - .&' > t

;! 0g - '.&& > t

++!< t+ - +.4 > gals

; gals - 6.&&7 > l@s




+98 t+ - 8.7 > l@s




Pressurization Tank Sizing

9pen Tank Sizing $i1ing assu"es O3en Tan is: (;) 7ented to at"os3h

:asis of SizingVt .eightVolu"e Tan $i1e +H a@o7e highest 3oint o syste", (+) connected to 3

gallons l@s t+ D (in) ' (t) "t , &ini"u" Volu"e o E-3ansion Tan (gals)

(;) As a #ercentage o $yst ;;; < ;9 !8 ! "t , "s ; (2 of System "oume / '))!

() =sing &in, &a- Te"3, E- <* 8 ;+ !8 !; "t , "s ; (e/'))! ; '.'E-3 Vol ;8?

from <S=1<# Systems ) ;; ;98 !8 ! "t , ; "s ; > ("/"' ? '! ? (& S=1<# )))

osed Tank Sizing

The tan can @e at three 3ossi@le locations %ith res3ect to the syste" as sho%n "aintain 7e 7enting 3ressure (t

# #a/#

#a/# #/#o ;6#/#o

Location of Tank t 0O 6 #a/#o

(;) Tan is a@o7e the 3i3ing # > V 5 *9!< 8!9; 8! 8!;< 8!; tan and highest 3oint o syste"

() Tan is on suction side o # > V 0 ;+9!< 8!9 8!;9 8!+< 8!*;

(+) Tan is on discharge sid # > V #0 ;;9!< 8!< 8!8 8!++ 8!* at the to3 o the syste"

('! osed Tank@@ T A, ' T , '4) dt > ;;8 Vs > <

" at T ).)'8 # , e;"s 7) "t , &ini" Volu"e o #ressuri1ation Tan (g

Location of Tank Deno" Vt gals '@s t+ D (t) ' (t)

(;) Tan is a@o7e the 3i3ing 8! <* < ;+ !8 !; "t , # A$04AE ;<

() Tan is on suction side o 8!;9 * ;9 +9 !8 ;;!; (Pa/Pf! ? (Pa/Po! or T J> ;*8 5

(+) Tan is on discharge sid 8!8 8 ;8 !8 !

0sing <S=1<# =d:k Syst 8! ;<+ ;*8 * !8 !

(! osed Tank@@ '8) A, T A, T , )) Vs > <"t , "s ;

>("/"'! ? 'B ? (&; <S=1<#

(8!888; - T 6 8!8** < (Pa/P'! ? (Pa/P )))

Location of Tank Deno"Kallons '@s t+ D (t) ' (t)

(;) Tan is a@o7e the 3i3ing 8! ;< 9! !8 !8 () Tan is on suction side o 8!;9 9; *<!8 !8 !8

"t , ().)))7';T ? ).)78 A$04AE ;<

(+) Tan is on discharge sid 8!8 8+ 9+! !8 ;!; ( Pa/Pf! ? (Pa/P ;*8 J> T J> 8

0sing <S=1<# =d:k Syst 8! ;8 +;< 99 !8 ;!

(&! osed ied %ater Tank T , *) Vs > < (;) Tan $i1e is hal o a hot %ater tan o3erat

(8!888; - T 6 8!8** <"t ,

().)))7';T ? ).)788! ; "s

Location of Tank Deno"Kallons '@s t+ D (t) ' (t) ; >(Pa/Pf! ? (Pa/Po!B

(;) Tan is a@o7e the 3i3ing 8!; < 8< ;+ !8 !; A$04AE ;<

() Tan is on suction side o 8!*; ;< ;8 ; !8 9!9 () Tan $i1e can @e esti"ated ro":

(+) Tan is on discharge sid 8!* ;; < ;* !8 9!8"t ,

().)))7';T ? ).)788! ; "s

0sing <S=1<# =d:k Syst 8! 89 ;8< !8 ! ' ? (Pf/Po!

(7! osed Diapragm %ater Ta T , ') Vs > <

# , ).)' "t

# ; "s A$04AE ;<

Location of Tank Deno"Kallons '@s t+ D (t) ' (t) > ' ? (Pf/Po! B or T J> ;*8 5

(;) Tan is a@o7e the 3i3ing 8!;< ;; <9 ;* !8 9!8

() Tan is on suction side o 8!+< 9 !8 !"t , "s ;

>("/"'! ? 'B ? (&;<S=1<#

(+) Tan is on discharge sid 8!++ * 9*8 < !8 !< > ' ? (P'/P! B )))

0sing <S=1<# =d:k Syst 8!+ ; 8;8 + !8 ;8!+

1eferences@ ('! '*6+ <S=1<# =andbookC pp. '&.'' ? '&.'4 (! ))) <S=1<# =andbook pp. '.& ? '.4

" > 7e 7enting 3ressure (> ; t i u

-i Pressure (Pf!@ The tan location %!r!t! the 3i3ing syste" aects the initial G - > rictional loss ro" tan to 3u"3 in

&in5ill #ressure

< > at"os3heric 3ressure (t)

= > syste" static head (t) > distance

P= > 3u"3 head (t) re2d to "aintain

# > et e-3ansion o %ater (gals) heated ro"

Num > EFVs







e, () at least

"3 suction

s)

at 88 5

no%n)

rder to

t%een

e 3ress!

8 5 to T






Energy Efcient Building Design College o Architecture Illinois Institute o Technology (IIT), Chicago


P1#SS01I<TI9N T<NES

#ressuri1ation tans include e-3ansion tans and co"3ression tans! The ter" e-3ansion tan is used

3ressure syste"s %here the tan is located at the highest 3oint o the 3i3ing syste" (o3en or closed) a

%ater surace is at at"os3heric 3ressure! The height location o the e-3ansion tan deter"ines the sta

head a7aila@le to the ter"inal e2ui3"ent! The ter" co"3ression tan a33lies to 3ressuri1ed closed 3i3

&ae6u3 %ater is su33lied through the 3ressuri1ation tan!

Pressurization tank types incude ('! 9pen and (! osed

Closed 3ressuri1ation tan construction can @e:

A regular tan %here the 3ressuri1ing air or gas is in contact %ith the li2uid!

A dia3hrag" tan %here the air charge and li2uid are 3er"anently se3arated @y a dia3hrag" to 3

corrosion o the tan or conta"ination o the Muid!

System "oume

#ressuri1ation tan si1e is @ased on the 7olu"e ca3acity o the syste"! $yste" 7olu"e consists o:

the 3hysical inside 7olu"e o all the 3i3e sections in the syste"! The 3i3e 7olu"e is con7erted in

li2uid using the density o the li2uid!

the li2uid storage ca3acity o all the e2ui3"ent in the syste"! The 3hysical 7olu"e storage ca3acter"inal e2ui3"ent, 3ri"ary e2ui3"ent and "iscellaneous e2ui3"ent, etc!, that is con7erted

7olu"e using li2uid density!

9pen Tank Sizing

O3en tan si1ing assu"es that the tan is:

7ented to the at"os3here

at least three eet a@o7e the highest 3oint in the 3i3ing syste"

connected to the suction side o the 3u"3

Tank "oume

The tan 7olu"e si1e in gallons is esti"ated as a 3ercentage o the total syste" 7olu"e The "ini"u"

7olu"e is *? in accordance %ith ;<A$04AE 0and@oo! An alternati7e to si1ing the tan @ased on 3esyste" 7olu"e, the syste" li2uid e-3ansion 7olu"e can @e used to deter"inethe tan si1e! This e-3an

is the dierence in 7olu"es at the "a-i"u" te"3erature o the 3i3ing syste" and at the "ini"u" te"

osed Tank Sizing

5ill #ressure: The tan location %ith res3ect to the 3i3ing syste" aects the initial Gll or "ini"u" 3res

at the tan! The tan can @e at three 3ossi@le locations %ith res3ect to the syste"!

(;)Pf , " F - F <

Tan is a@o7e the 3i3ing syste"

V > 3ositi7e 7enting 3ressureN (assu"es ; t o li2uid i not no%n)

5 > rictional 3i3e losses ro" tan to 3u"3 that "ust @e o7erco"e in ordo@tain 3ositi7e air 7enting 3ressure (t o li2uid as s3eciGed in in3

A > at"os3heric 3ressure (t o li2uid)

()Pf , " F = F <

Tan is on suction side o the 3u"3

0 > syste" static head > distance @et%een tan and highest 3oint o 3i3i

(+)Pf , " F P= F

Tan is on discharge side o the 3u"3

#0 > 3u"3 head (t o li2uid) re2uired to "aintain 3ositi7e 3ressure atto3 o

In all three cases, the at"os3heric 3ressure A is added to o@tain a@solute 3ressure

ou "ust s3eciy either the initial Gll 3ressure # or the syste" static head 0!





Tank Sizing #$uations (cosed tanks!

lo% ('! Tank 5it operating temperatures beo5 '8) -

he tanLs Vt > "ini"u" 7olu"e o 3ressuri1ation tan (gal)

ressure E > net 3ressuri1ation o %ater in the syste" %hen heated ro" "in to "a- te"

syste"s! #a > 3ressure in tan %hen %ater Grst enters tan (t o %ater a@solute)N At at"o

# > initial Gll or "ini"u" 3ressure o tan (t o %ater a@solute)#o > "a-i"u" o3erating 3ressure o tan (t o %ater a@solute)

(! Tank 5it operating temperatures bet5een '8) - and 6) -

T > "a-i"u" a7erage o3erating te"3erature (o5)

nt Vs > syste" 7olu"e calculated ro" the 3i3ing syste" di"ensions (ga

Error: Denominator is Pa/Pf - Pa/Po

(&! ied %ater Tank Error: Denominator is 1 - Pf/Po

Tan si1ing or chilled %ater syste"s %ill result in tans o 7ery s"all si1e

allons o @ecause o the lo% 3ressuri1ation coefcients (8 5 to <8 5 te"3erature ra

reason, closed co"3ression tans a33lied to chilled %ater syste"s are si1e

o the (;) regular tan si1e is hal the e2ui7alent hot %ater si1e i2uid () the 3i3ing syste" is considered to @e o3erating ro" 8 5 to 88 5

(7! Diapragm %ater Tank SpeciGc "oume of %ater

(A$04AE Cha3ter6*, Ta@le6)

e > net 3ressuri1ation actor or %ate T"3 #ress $3!Vol E-3ansio

5 3sia t+ / l@ t+ / (5!l@

F ;,888,8

8 8!8;9 8!8;

The lo%est te"3erature o chilled %ater e2uals the "ini + 8!8* 8!8;9

design te"3erature! This can @e assu"ed to @e +9 8 8!;; 8!8;*8

The highest te"3erature is the highest antici3ated a"@i 98 8!;; 8!8;*8

nt The net 3ressuri1ation actor e is o@tained ro" ta@le @e *8 8!9* 8!8;*8n $ource: ;< A$04AE 0and@oo, Ta@le , 3! ;+!;9 8 8!+*++ 8!8;*; ;!***

rature! 8 8!98 8!8;*; ;!988

Net Pressurization -actoTypica make?up 5ater su <8 8!*<< 8!8;*; !8888

for Diapragm %ater Ta and e3pansion tank pipin;88 8!<98+ 8!8;*; !;**

pain stee tanks ;;8 ;!*9 8!8;* !*

0ighest #ress! ;8 ;!*< 8!8;* !9888

# Te"3 5actor ;+8 !9 8!8;*+ !

5 e ;8 !<* 8!8;*+ !<888

<8 8!88 ;98 +! 8!8;*+ +!8<8<

;88 8!88* ;*8 !*< 8!8;* +!988

;;8 8!88 ;8 9!<<< 8!8;*9 +!*;9

;8 8!8;8 ;8 !9;< 8!8;*9 +!*<;+8 8!8; ;<8 <!+<9 8!8;** +!888

;8 8!8;9 88 ;;!9+9 8!8;** +!<+9

;98 8!8; ;8 ;!;+9 8!8;* !;;*

;*8 8!8; 8 ;!8;8 8!8;* !

yste" +8 8!<*8 8!8;* !;;

8 !<+ 8!8;*< !*888

98 <!* 8!8;8 !*;<

te" *8 +9!98 8!8;; !<8<;

8 <!*8 8!8;+ 9!988

+88 *!8+98 8!8;9 9!9*<

V t = E

[( Pa

Pf ) - ( Pa

Po)]

V t =( 0 . 041 x T - 0 . 0466) x V

s

[( Pa

Pf ) ( Pa

Po )]

V t =( 0 .041 x T - 0 . 0466 ) x V

s

[1 ( P f

Po )]

V t =e V

s

[1 - ( Pf

Po )]





3 (gal)

!3ress!

e)! 5or that

as ollo%s:

$3!Vol E-3: t+

t+ / gal / (5!gal)

F ;,888,888

!*<88

;8!*9

;+!98

;9!98

;!8;;;

;!98

;!;*

!*8*

!+;9

9!99

!*9

<!9+ +8!*<

+;!8;

++!+<

8!;+< +!+

8!;8+ +*!88

8!;;8 +!99*

8!;; +!<<

8!;+ 8!8++

8!;+ +!;8+9

8!;9 9!;





P19P#1TI#S 9- LIH0IDS

Li$uid PropertiesTemperature

?&) ) &) 8) ')) '4) ')

%ater Density (l@/cu t) *! *!+ *!88 *;!8 9<!;

$3eciGc Kra7ity ( > Density / ;!88 ;!88 8!<< 8!< 8!<*

Pine"atic 7iscosity (s2 t/sec) 8!88 ;!; !+< !* +!8$3eciGc heat (Btu/l@ o5) ;!88 ;!88 ;!88 ;!88 ;!8;

yco Density (l@/cu t) *!< *!99 *!;; **!99 *9! *!* *+!;

$3eciGc Kra7ity ( > Density / ;!8< ;!8 ;!8 ;!8 ;!89 ;!8 ;!8;

Pine"atic 7iscosity (s2 t/sec) ;<8!88 9!8 !*8 !*8 ;!98 *!8

$3eciGc heat (Btu/l@ o5) 8!8 8!+ 8!* 8! 8!; 8!9 8!

:rine Density (l@/cu t) !9< !; !; !; *!8<

$3eciGc Kra7ity ( > Density / ;!* ;!9 ;!9 ;! ;!

Pine"atic 7iscosity (s2 t/sec) !98 +!8 ;!8 !<8

$3eciGc heat (Btu/l@ o5) 8!** 8!* 8!* 8!*< 8!;

Diese Density (l@/cu t) 9<!8 9!8 9*!;8 9!<8 9+!88 9;!;8

$3eciGc Kra7ity ( > Density / 8!<9 8!< 8!<8 8! 8!9 8!

Pine"atic 7iscosity (s2 t/sec) ;*;!98 8!8 !+8 <!;8 !98$3eciGc heat (Btu/l@ o5) 8! 8! 8!< 8!98 8!9; 8!9

Petro Density (l@/cu t) *!;8 9!98 !<8 !8 !+8 !8

$3eciGc Kra7ity ( > Density / 8! 8!+ 8! 8! 8!; 8!*

Pine"atic 7iscosity (s2 t/sec) ;;!88 <!8 !8 !88 9!98 +!88

$3eciGc heat (Btu/l@ o5) 8! 8! 8!< 8!98 8!9; 8!9

P19P#1TI#S 9- =I= T#JP#1<T01# =9T %<T#1 Increase in -rictiona Pressure

due to Pipe <ge

Temp Satur. Density SpeciGc Einem p. =eat 0ydraulic 0and@oo @y Colt Indust

deg - Press b/cu ft raKity , "iscos tu/b o- Jutipiers

3sig Density/*! s2 t/sec; 8 9<!; 8!<* +! ;!88* Pipe Age Small Medium Large

8 !9 9<!*+ 8!<* + ;!88 Years 1” - 3” 4” to 12” 14” - 48”

8 ;8!+ 9<!; 8!<9 ! ;!8; 0 1 1 1

*8 8! 9!9; 8!< !9 ;!8;9 5 1.4 1.35 1.3

8 +!9 9!< 8!<+ !+ ;!8 10 2.2 1.9 1.6

+88 9!+ 9!+; 8!< !; ;!* 15 3.6 2.7 1.8

+98 ;;<!< 99!9< 8!< ;!< ;!8 20 5 3.5 2

88 +!* 9+!*9 8!* ;! ;!8* 25 6.3 4.2 2.1

98 8!< 9;!99 8!+ ;!9 ;!8<9 30 7.25 4.73 2.2

35 8.1 5.2 2.3

40 8.75 5.58 2.4

45 9.25 5.93 2.650 9.6 6.23 2.86

60 10 7 3




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7 Compression Tanks.95110342