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702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

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Page 1: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

702131/702831 European Architecture Ap

RavennaRavenna

Page 2: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIACopyright Regulations 1969

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This material has been reproduced and communicated to you by or on behalf of the University of Melbourne pursuant to Part

VB of the Copyright Act 1968 (the Act).

The material in this communication may be subject to copyright under the Act. Any further copying or communication of this material by you may be the subject of copyright protectionmaterial by you may be the subject of copyright protection

under the Act.

do not remove this notice

Page 3: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

the ancient world in AD 420the ancient world in AD 420Colin McEvedy, The Penguin Atlas of

Medieval History(Harmondsworth [Middlesex] 1966 [1961]), p 19

Page 4: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

major late antique and early Byzantine sites on the AdriaticMiles Lewis

Page 5: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

Palace of DiocletianPalace of DiocletianPalace of DiocletianPalace of Diocletian

Page 6: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

Palace of Diocletian at Spalato (Split) c 300Palace of Diocletian at Spalato (Split), c 300reconstruction ærial view by Ernest Hébrard

E Hébrard and J Zeiller, Spalato, le Palais de Dioclétien, Paris, 1912

Page 7: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

Palace of Diocletian, Spalato, c 300: sectionRobert Adam, Ruins of the Palace of the emperor Diocletian at Spalatro in Dalmatia (London 1764)

Page 8: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

Diocletian's Palace, Split:

plan

after Altet, Early Middle Ages, p 189

Page 9: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

Peristyle, Palace of Diocletian, Split, c 300-306

view, detail of the arcading, elevation of the side as in c 300

MUAS 12,614Country Life, CLIV, 3984 (1 November 1973), p 1330

Page 10: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

Palace of Diocletian, the Porta Aurea orPorta Aurea or north gateway: reconstruction

viewview

A l B ëthi & J B W dAxel Boëthius & J B Ward-Perkins, Etruscan and Roman Architecture

(Harmondsworth [Middl ] 1970) 528[Middlesex] 1970), p 528

Page 11: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

flat arches withflat arches with joggled voussoirs

fPalace of Diocletian, the Porta Aurea or

north gateway,

the Andron, Deir Si'man, Syria,?5th , y ,

century

R J Mainstone, Developments in Structural Form (Cambridge [Massachusetts] 1975), p 41

Miles Lewis

Page 12: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

the Christian Adriaticthe Christian Adriatic

Page 13: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

major late antique and early Byzantine sites on the AdriaticMiles Lewis

Page 14: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

Salona-Marusinac

Anastasius Basilica, atrium and mausoleum of St

A t i l C5th ithAnastasius, early C5th, with precinct to the north added in

426: reconstruction view

Richard Krautheimer, Early Christian and Byzantine Architecture [Pelican History of Art]

(Harmondsworth [Middlesex] 1965), p 137

Page 15: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

Mausoleum of St Anastasius, Salona-MarusinacSalona Marusinac

ground floor and upper plansmodel

André Grabar, The Beginnings of Christian Art(London 1967 [1966]),, p 65

Jean Lassus, The Early Christian and Byzantine World (London 1967), p 45

Page 16: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

the Urban Basilica, Salona, C4thMiles Lewis

Page 17: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

the Urban Basilica and cruciform church, Salona, C4thMiles Lewis

Page 18: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

district of the bishop's palace,

Salona, C4th onwards

Grabar, The Beginnings of Christian Art, p 182, p

Page 19: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

major late antique and early Byzantine sites on the AdriaticMiles Lewis

Page 20: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

baptistery

basilicaatrium

baptistery

basilicaatrium

Cathedral at Porec (Parenzo), Istria, 525-43Krautheimer, Early Christian and Byzantine Architecture, p 197

Page 21: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

Cathedral at Porec: apse and synthrononCathedral at Porec: apse and synthrononMiles Lewis

Page 22: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

Cathedral at Porec: apse conch mosaicCathedral at Porec: apse conch mosaicMiles Lewis

Page 23: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

Cathedral at Porec: chancel rail; nave arcadingMiles Lewis

Page 24: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

major late antique and early Byzantine sites on the AdriaticMiles Lewis

Page 25: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

Cathedral or Basilica of St

E f i G dEufemia, Grado, 571-9

Miles Lewis

Page 26: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

Cathedral or Basilica of St E f i G dSt Eufemia, Grado,

571-9

Giandomenico Romanelli [ed], Venice Art and Architecture (2 vols Cologne 1997) I facing pvols, Cologne 1997) I, facing p

34

Page 27: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

Cathedral St Eufemia Grado: nave arcadingCathedral St Eufemia, Grado: nave arcadingMiles Lewis

Page 28: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

Cathedral St Eufemia, Grado: nave arcadingMiles Lewis

Page 29: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);
Page 30: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

major late antique and early Byzantine sites on the AdriaticMiles Lewis

Page 31: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

Ravennathe late classical periodp

THE BASILICA URSIANA & ORTHODOX BAPTISTERY& ORTHODOX BAPTISTERY

SANTA CROCESANTA CROCE & THE MAUSOLEUM OF GALLA PLACIDIA

Page 32: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

the cathedralthe cathedral complex Ravenna

Basilica Ursiana, C4th

OOrthodox Baptistery,c 400 & 450

il l tcampanile, later

Spiro Kostof, The Orthodox Baptistery of Ravenna (Yale

University Press New HavenUniversity Press, New Haven [Connecticut] 1965), fig 12

Page 33: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

Baptistery of the Orthodox or Baptistery of Neon, Ravenna,c 400 dome c 450 consecrated 458 upper walls laterc 400, dome c 450, consecrated 458, upper walls later

Kostof, The Orthodox Baptistery, figs 1 & 2

Page 34: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

Orthodox Baptistery,Ravennna

Miles Lewis

Page 35: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

Orthodox Baptistery: elevation and section

Kostof, The Orthodox Baptistery, figs 1 & 2

Page 36: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

Orthodox BaptisteryOrthodox Baptistery

interior

Giuseppe Bovini [revised W F Gaddoni], Ravenna: Art and History (Ravenna

1991), p 112), p

Page 37: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

Orthodox Baptistery, a niche with marble & porphyry revetmentMiles Lewis

Page 38: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

Orthodo BaptisterOrthodox Baptistery, capitals from the lower level (presumably of c

450)450)

Miles Lewis

Page 39: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

Orthodox Baptistery details of a ground floor archMiles Lewis

Page 40: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

Orthodox Baptistery

detail of aediculaedetail of aediculae, second level

Miles Lewis

Page 41: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

O th d B ti t ll d ti d t f dOrthodox Baptistery: upper wall decoration and part of domeBovini, Ravenna, p 109

Page 42: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

Orthodox Baptistery

detail of the outer ring of the dome showing an altar with

the gospel of St Johng p

reconstruction of the architecture

K t f Th O th d B ti t fiKostof, The Orthodox Baptistery, figs 64 & 65

Page 43: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

Orthodox Baptisteryreconstruction of the architecture of the outer ring of the dome

Kostof, The Orthodox Baptistery, figs 64 & 65

Page 44: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

Orthodox Baptistery

the dome

MUAS 15,621

Page 45: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

Orthodox Baptistery: detail of the baptismp y pJames MacDonald, Sacred Destinations

http://www.sacred-destinations.com/italy/ravenna-battistero-neoniano.htm

Page 46: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

Orthodox Baptistery

d t il f th d &detail of the dome & diagram showing the

hollow pot construction

Kostof, The Orthodox BaptisteryF W Deichmann, Ravenna: Haupstadt des SpätantikenHaupstadt des Spätantiken

Abendlandes vol II, Kommentar, 1 (Wiesbaden 1974), pl 19

Page 47: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

Orthodox Baptistery

plan of a course of potsplan of a course of pots

detail of the junction of the dome with the earlier and later brick wallwith the earlier and later brick wall

Kostof, The Orthodox Baptistery

Page 48: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

Santa Croce, Ravenna, c 425

reconstruction plan & view of the church and the linked Mausoleum of

Galla Placidia

H Smith, 'Form and Function of the Side Chambers of Fifth and Sixth Century Churches in yRavenna', Journal of the Society of Architectural

Historians, XLIX, 2 (June 1990), p 184Krautheimer, Early Christian and Byzantine

Architecture, p 136, p

Page 49: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

Mausoleum of Galla Placidia, Ravenna, c 425Miles Lewis

Page 50: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

Mausoleum of Galla Placidia: detail of the brickworkMiles Lewis

Page 51: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

Mausoleum of Galla Placidia: isometric diagramHenry Stierlin, Encyclopædia of World Architecture (2 vols, London 1977), I, p 105

Page 52: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

Mausoleum of Galla Placidia

interior looking south

Bovini, Ravenna, p 15

Page 53: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

Mausoleum of Galla Placidia: underside of the domephoto: James Macdonald.

http://www.sacred-destinations.com/italy/ravenna-mausoleum-of-galla-placidia.htm

Page 54: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

Mausoleum of Galla Placidia: detail with the Good Shepherd mosaicphoto: James Macdonald.

http://www.sacred-destinations.com/italy/ravenna-mausoleum-of-galla-placidia.htm

Page 55: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

Mausoleum of Galla Placidia: the Good Shepherd MosaicLassus, The Early Christian and Byzantine World, p 5

Page 56: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

Mausoleum of Galla Placidia: the St Lawrence MosaicLassus, Early Christian and Byzantine World, p 54

Page 57: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

Mausoleum of Galla Placidia: St Peter & St Paul from the upper lunette of the south armScala 7617(1973)

Page 58: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

detail of the Sts Peter & Paul mosaic Mausoleum of Gallamosaic, Mausoleum of Galla Placidia: tazza with doves, c

AD 425

Villa Adriana, Tivoli: dove mosaic now in the Capitolinemosaic, now in the Capitoline

Museum, Rome: AD C2nd, but copied from an original of

c 170 BCc 170 BC

Scala RA 89(1973)T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967

[1966]), p 103

Page 59: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

Mausoleum of Galla Placidia

mosaic patterns

Scala RA 90 (1973); RA 152 [RA 11] (1973)[RA 11] (1973)

Page 60: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

Ravennathe Gothic periodp

SANT’ APOLLINARE NUOVO

ARIAN BAPTISTERY

MAUSOLEUM OF THEODORIC

Page 61: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

the Mediterranean world in AD 476McEvedy, Atlas of Medieval History, p 23

Page 62: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

Sant’ Apollinare Nuovo (originally S Martin in Coelo) 490Sant Apollinare Nuovo (originally S Martin in Coelo), 490

Scala RA 151(1974)

Page 63: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

Sant’ Apollinare Nuovo: detail of the arcading: the calling of Peter & Andrew, north side, with a detail of the fishMiles Lewis; MUAS 15,637, 15,638

Page 64: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

Sant’ Apollinare NuovoSant Apollinare Nuovo

the south wall

detail of the Betrayal from the upper register

Lassus, The Early Christian and Byzantine World, pl 32

MUAS 15,638MUAS 15,638

Page 65: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

Sant’ Apollinare Nuovo: detail of the Palace of Theodoric from the south wallSant Apollinare Nuovo: detail of the Palace of Theodoric, from the south wallScala RA 55 (1973)

Page 66: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

Sant’ Apollinare NuovoSant Apollinare Nuovothe south wall

MUAS 15,638

Page 67: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

Sant’ Apollinare Nuovo, the north wall, with details of the Magi and the Virgin & Child

MUAS 4,218 ; public domain photo, Sacred Destinations, http://www.sacred-destinations.com/italy/ravenna-st-apollinare-

nuovo.htm; René Huyghe [ed], Larousse Encyclopedia of Byzantine and Mediaeval Art (London 1963 [Paris 1958]), facing p 17

Page 68: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

the Arian Baptistery (now the Oratory of Sta Mariathe Oratory of Sta Maria

in Cosmedin), C6th

view & planview & plan

Miles LewisMiles LewisCorrado Ricci, Romanesque

Architecture in Italy (London 1925), p viii

Page 69: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

the Arian B ti tBaptistery

dome

Bovini, Ravenna, p 54

Page 70: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

detail of the Arian Baptistery domePhoto: Sean Lee Sacred Destinations

http://www.sacred-destinations.com/italy/ravenna-arian-baptistery.htm

Page 71: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

Mausoleum of Theodoric, ,Ravenna, c 526

view & drawingsg

Scala (1974)Cecil Stewart Early Christian ByzantineCecil Stewart, Early Christian, Byzantine

and Romanesque Architecture [Simpson's History of Architectural Development]

(London 1954 [1905/8]), p 62

Page 72: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

M l f Th d iMausoleum of Theodoric

a conjectural reconstruction

Verzone, Theodoric to Charlemagne, p 58

Page 73: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

Mausoleum of Theodoric, section & cutaway isometricJudith McKenzie The Architecture of Alexandria and Egypt c 300 BC to AD 700 (New Haven [Connecticut]Judith McKenzie, The Architecture of Alexandria and Egypt c. 300 BC to AD 700 (New Haven [Connecticut]

2007), p 349; Auguste Choisy, Histoire de l’Architecture (2 vols, Gauthier-Villars, Paris 1899), II, p 74

Page 74: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

Mausoleum of Theodoricelevation & view of arches with joggled joints

V I Atroshenko & Judith Collins, The Origins of the Romanesque (Woodstock [New York] 1985), p 18Miles Lewis

Page 75: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

joggled joints at the Mausoleum of Theodoric; theMausoleum of Theodoric; the Andron, Deir Siman, Syria,

C6th; and the main gate of the Palace of Diocletian, Spalato, c , p ,

300

Miles LewisR J Mainstone, Developments in Structural

Form (Cambridge [Massachusetts] 1975), p 41

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the monolithic archarch

Mausoleum of Theodoric, c 526526

windows in the upper level

Church of Sitt-er-Rum, Syria, C6th

windows in the chancel archwindows in the chancel arch

Miles Lewis

Page 77: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

Mausoleum of Theodoricmore details

Miles Lewis

Page 78: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

RavennaRavennathe Byzantine periodthe Byzantine period

SAN VITALE

‘PALACE OF THE EXARCHS’‘PALACE OF THE EXARCHS’

Page 79: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

the Mediterranean world in 528(just after the death of Theodoric, 526)

McEvedy, Atlas of Medieval History, p 25

Page 80: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

the Mediterranean world in 562

McEvedy, Atlas of Medieval History, p 31

Page 81: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

brickwork detail frombrickwork detail from San Vitale, Ravenna

Mil L iMiles Lewis

Page 82: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

S Vitale, Ravenna, c 530-,

548

Miles Lewis

Page 83: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

S Vitale

interior viewswith later redecoration

except in the chancel lowerexcept in the chancel, lower foreground

photo © Paradoxplace.com. Sacred Destinations

http://www.sacred-destinations.com/italy/ravenna-san-y

vitale.htmScala, RA 154 (1972)

Page 84: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

formeratrium

SSan Vitale, plan

Smith, 'Side Chambers', p 184

Page 85: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

HH Sergios &HH Sergios & Bakchos

San Vitale

Swift, Roman Sources,p 46

Smith 'SideSmith, 'Side Chambers', p 184

Page 86: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

San Vitalecolumns and capitals in the

chancel

Scala, RA 155 (1973); RA 82 (1974)

Page 87: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

San Vitalecolumns and capitals in thecolumns and capitals in the

chancel

Scala, RA 155 (1973); RA 82 (1974)

Page 88: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

G d

Byzantine capitalsByzantine capitalsGrado

PorecPorec

Hagia Sophia San Vitale

Page 89: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

San Vitale: the chancel or presbyteryScala, RA 63 (1972); Lewis, Architectura, p 23

Page 90: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

San Vitale: vaulting of the chancel and apsephoto by Kim Unertl Sacred Destinations http://www.sacred-destinations.com/italy/ravenna-san-vitale.htm

Page 91: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

San Vitale: upper part of chancel and apsephoto by Amelie Sacred Destinations http://www.sacred-destinations.com/italy/ravenna-san-vitale.htm

Page 92: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

San Vitale

left side of theleft side of the chancel

MUAS 15,616,

Page 93: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

San Vitale: Justinian with Bishop Maximianus, left side of the apseanonymous, Sacred Destinations http://www.sacred-destinations.com/italy/ravenna-san-vitale.htm

Page 94: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

San Vitale: Theodora and her court, right side of the apseBovini, Ravenna, p 28

Page 95: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

San Vitale: detail of Theodoraphoto © Paradoxplace.com Sacred Destinations http://www.sacred-destinations.com/italy/ravenna-san-vitale.htm

Page 96: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

San Vitale: lunette on the left side of the chancel, with the mosaic of the hospitality of Abraham and the sacrifice of Isaac

Bovini, Ravenna, p 36

Page 97: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

San Vitale

left side of the chancel

Scala, RA 161 (1972)

Page 98: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

San Vitalepresbytery vault, and detail of

the Agnus Dei

MUAS 15,615Bovini, Ravenna, p 39

Page 99: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

San Vitale half-dome of the apse: mosaic of Christ between angels andSan Vitale, half dome of the apse: mosaic of Christ between angels and saints, with a model of the church

Bovini, Ravenna, p 35

Page 100: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

San Vitale: longitudinal section

Lassus, The Early Christian and Byzantine World, p 75

Page 101: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

Palace of Diocletian, the Porta Aurea th t t ti ior north gateway: reconstruction view

'Palace of the Exarchs' ['CalchiPalace of the Exarchs [ Calchi Palace'], Ravenna, possibly C6th

Axel Boëthius & J B Ward-Perkins, Etruscan and Roman Architecture (Harmondsworth [Middlesex] 1970), p 528

Ed A Longo, Ravenna, Rip Vietata

Page 102: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

'Palace of the Exarchs' ['Calchi Palace'], Ravenna, possibly C6thEd A Longo, Ravenna, Rip Vietata

Page 103: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

'Palace of the Exarchs‘

view & plan

Ricci, Romanesque Architecture in Italy, pl xiv

Page 104: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

‘Palace of the Exarchs’: detailMiles Lewis

Page 105: 702131/702831 European Architecture A · Scala RA 89(1973) T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967 [1966]), p 103. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia mosaic patterns Scala RA 90 (1973);

the Mediterranean world in 737

McEvedy, Atlas of Medieval History, p 39

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