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Green Technologies: Smart and Efficient Management- 2012, SLIET
Longowal
GT71-1
Green It Data CentreSurinder Chauhan, Sunil Singla, Shakti
Singh, Vikram
Abstract Increased Global Warming has adverse effect on
environment so in order to reduce global warming its
necessary to shift towards greener technology. Greentechnology
means to develop new methods to use natural
environment and resources which reduces negative impact of
human activites. However IT companies also contributing inglobal
warming which mostly people dont realize, IT data
center is one of the main component of IT companies whose
contribution is maximum in environmental problem. In this
paper author studied the IT data center and various progress
done by different IT companies towards greening their data
center
KeywordsData Center, Green Data Center, IBM, BT, HP
INTRODUCTION
Now These days Government emphasis on EnvironmentalProtection
increased due to which many Organization
changes their business practice so that they able to become
more environmental responsible. Today use of Information
Technology increases day by day and its make works
quicker and easier but it also contributes in environmental
problem. Every stage of Computer that is from its production
to up to its disposal creates environmental problems. At
manufacturing stage various electronic and non electronic
components consumes electricity, raw materials and water,
and generates hazardous waste and this increased carbon
dioxide emissions and impact the environment.
Each PC in use generates about a ton of carbon dioxide every
year. The total energy consumed byservers, computers, monitors,
data communication
equipment, and cooling system for data centers is increasing
day by day. This increased energy consumption increases the
greenhouse gas emission. Computer components containtoxic
materials and it polluting. The earth and contaminating
water at time of disposal [2]. Thus its necessary to raise
awareness about IT environmental problems and motivate
them towards to environmentally sound IT that means
adopting new practice of designing, manufacturing, using,
and disposing of computers and servers in efficiently and
effectively with minimum or no impact on the environment.
Green IT have a number of focus areas and activities,
including design for environmental sustainability,
energy-efficient computing , power management, data center design
,
layout and location server virtualization , use of renewable
energy sources and eco-labelling of IT products[4]. This
paper studied the Green data Center and progress of IT
companies towards green data center.
IT DATA CENTER
Data center consists of a number of servers which handles
Surinder Chauhan is with EIED, Thapar University Patiala,
India.
Sunil Singla is with EIED, Thapar University Patiala,
India.([email protected])Shakti Singh is with EIED,
Thapar University Patiala, India.
Vikram is with EIED, Thapar University Patiala, India.
internet traffic each server consist of number of cores and
processors and its number depends upon server processingcapacity
Figure 1 [3] show the basic data center building
blocks. Switch gear data centers takes electricity from
theutility grid and/or onsite generation. And through
Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) data centers
switchgear, consists of transformers and static switches
with
associated panels distribute power to both the cooling
infrastructure and the IT infrastructure. Chillers, cooling
towers, computer room air conditioning (CRAC) units and
primary/secondary pumps comes under cooling infrastructure
while servers, network devices and
storage devices housed in standard racks comes under IT
infrastructure. Function of the UPS is maintaining power
quality during normal operation and providing energystorage for
operating the IT infrastructure during short power
outages. Data center requires chilled water that is provided
by Chiller for cooling of servers and other IT equipment.
Broadly, energy demands for a data center can be divided
among electrical power for operation of IT devices and
electrical power/energy to drive the cooling systems [3].Data
center are one of the largest consumer of energy within
an organization. Data center consumes on average 10 to 15
times more electricity than an office building per square
foot
of floor space. Some data centers can consumes up to 100
times more electricity per square foot than normal office
building. In order to reduce energy consumption , increasing
the existing data center life, preparing the organization
forcompliance with future regulations and certifications, to
take
advantage of pricing incentives, tax breaks and rebates
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Green Technologies: Smart and Efficient Management- 2012, SLIET
Longowal
GT71-2
offered by utilities, insurance companies and governments
and to reduce carbon footprints green data centers prove to
be more beneficial as compared to traditional data
center[9].
GREEN DATA CENTER CONSTRUCTION
Green data center is one which uses resources more
efficiently and has less environmental impact. Constructionof
green data center is not an easy task. First step forconversion of
data center to green data center is to estimate
the energy efficiency of existing data center. Two most
popular metrics that used to analyse the greenness of
existing
data center are Power usage Effectiveness and data center
efficiency. Equations used for calculating this two are as
follows
B
APUE
Where PUE = Power Usage Effectiveness
A = Total Power Consumed in data center Building
B = Power Consumed by IT equipment
PUEDCIE
1
Where DCIE= Data Center Efficiency
After Calculating DCIE and PUE of an existing Data center a
green report is prepared which provides measures to
organization that helpful in conversion of existing data
center
to green data center [1].
DEVELOPMENT IN IT COMPANIES TOWARDS
GREEN DATA CENTER
IT companies like HP Accenture, IBM, and Dell havetaken
initiatives for constructing green data centers. Dynamicsmart
Cooling technology developed by HP in 2006[10] uses
a number of temperature sensors which distributed over data
center servers. These temperature sensor sense the
temperature of servers and when its crosses safe range its
automatically starts the air condition and when its under
range it closes the air condition and its noted that by this
experiment power consumption of data center is reduced
from 117 kw to 72 kw. Accenture technology lab has
developed the data center estimator which helps
organizations
undertake the detailed planning and strategic analysisnecessary
to decide how to green their data centers [9]. IBM
one of largest IT companies launched a project known as Big
Green Innovation aiming to design a reduce carbon
emissions and energy efficient data center [1]. Its also
developed a liquid-cooled supercomputer which uses wasteheat of
data center.Through its smarter planet initiative, IBM
works with Syracuse University and New york state to use
smarter technologies in the new data center and it is
expecting that these data center uses 50 percent less energy
as compare to typical data center which will make it one of
the greenest computer center in operation [5]. Clear EdgePower
is planning to use fuel cell for providing power to data
center.The data center fuel cell will provide power at abouthalf
the cost of grid energy and carbon emission is reduced
by 35 to 40 percent [7]. Hara software company of 25 person
has developed a software application called hara
environmental and energy management which provides
organization a way of monitoring their water and fuelconsumption
and to lesser their environmental impact by
planning ways to cut greenhouse and waste [6]. Emerson
opens a data center which used solar energy and its 31
percent energy efficient as compared to traditional data
center. These data center uses a 7800 square foot rooftop
solar array and use more than 550 solar panels which cangenerate
more than 100 kilowatts of energy. Approx 80
percent construction waste is reused and it saves more than
2.5 miles copper piping [12].Recently HP Labs has done the
math to show that that Farms waste can be used for meeting
power requirements of data center. it has done hypothetical
case study in which an anaerobic digester (process by
whichorganic materials in an enclosed vessels are broken down
by
micro-organisms, in the absence of oxygen) associated with
diary having 10,000 cows is able to provide power for a 1
MW data center and waste heat from data center is reused to
produce power for data center from farms waste [3].
Googles data center is one of the most energy efficient data
center in world. Energy used by googles data center is about
half of energy used by typical data center.It consumes less
than 0.01% of global electricity [8]. Dell is also moving
towards go green and its started plans like Green grid plan
which helps to improve data center efficiency, Climate
Savers Plan concentrated on power consumption
characteristics and power management features of individual
IT components and 80plus plan that helps to improve the
computer power supplies efficiency [1]. British Telecom
signed one of the largest renewable energy deal by which it
will be able to save the carbon that is equivalent to amount
of
carbon generated by 300,000 households in the U.K. B.T.
has also taken steps towards Virtualisation (focussing usage
on single server up to its full potential while others are
not used) and reduced its 1500 server data centers to 100
server and save 600,000 euro per year [11]
CONCLUSION
Green Data Center are more energy efficient as compared
to typical data center and Recent IT trends is to use
natural
resources to cope up their energy demand which produces
minimum carbon emission
REFERENCES
[1] Ramon Mata-Toledo Green data center : how green can we
perform,Journal of Technology Research , James Madison
University
[2] Murugesan.S, Harnessing Green IT : Principles and
PracticesIEEE computer society, Jan-Feb. 2008 vol 10 issue 1, pages
24-33.[3]Ratnesh Sharma, Design of Farm Waste Driven supply
side
infrastructure for data centers Hp Labs, Proceedings of ASME
2010 4th
International conference on energy sustainability ES 2010 May
17-22,
2010 Phoenix, Arizona U.S.A.
[4]Wati.y The Green IT Practices of Nokia, Samusng,Sony and
sony
Ericsson : Content analysis and approach delivered in System
Sciences(HICSS) 2010 43rd Hawaii International Conference, year
2010, pages 1
10
[5]Martin-Lamonica, IBM sees green in environmental
tech,CNETNews.com , March 2007
[6]Martin Lamonica, Hara:Software for a carbon constrained
economy,
CNET News.com, May 2009.
[7]Martin Lamonica, Clear Edge Power to make fuel cell for
datacenters, CNET News.com, Aug 2011.
[8]http://www.greentechnolog.com/greendatace-nter/[9] Teresa
Tung, Accenture Green Technology
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