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7:1 Regional Economies
Northern Economy
• Agriculture– Cash crops-grains,
livestock– Small farms– Little use of slave labor
• Manufacturing– textiles
• Trade
Eli Whitney
• U.S. inventor• Demonstrated
interchangeable parts
Interchangeable Parts
• Only have to replace the broken part
• Allows for rise of machine age• Unskilled workers replace artisans
Industrial Revolution early 1800s
• Unskilled workers operate power driven machines
• Efficiency cuts costs
Market Economy/Revolution
• market economy is an economy based on the division of labor in which the prices of goods and services are determined in a free price system set by supply and demand.[1]
Southern Economy
• Agriculture– Cash crops-cotton/tobacco– Mostly small farmers– Plantation owners-dependent on slave labor
1793 Cotton Gin
• Removes cotton seeds from the fiber• Reduced cost to process cotton/raised profits• Increased the need for unskilled slave labor
American System/Plan
• Speaker of the House-Henry Clay
• Unify the nation economically– Tariff of 1816– 2nd National Bank– Transportation
Tariff of 1816
• Protective tariff• Use $$ for internal improvements-infrastructure• Good for Northeast/Bad for the south+west
2nd National Bank 1816
• Stabilize nation’s currency
Improve National Infrastructure
•National Road•Turnpikes•Canals
1825 Erie CanalThe Big Ditch
• Connects Great Lakes with Hudson River• Efficient Trade!• Solidified NYC as the financial capital of the U.S.
Rise of NYC
• 1835 most populous city• Center of commerce: bankers, merchants,
artisans• Linked Europe with American Interior
The Steamboat
• Travel any direction on rivers-Efficient Trade!• Robert Fulton-The Clermont
James Monroe“Era of Good Feelings”
7:2 Nationalism at Center Stage
Westward Expansion
• U.S. doubled• 16-33 states• Motivation– Desire to own their own land– Discover gold/resources– Manifest destiny
Manifest Destiny
• Manifest- “obvious” Destiny- “fate”• “sea to shining sea”
American Nationalism
• U.S. superior to other nations– Democracy, religion, language, ancestry, culture
• Duty to expand this superiority to the West Coast
Missouri Compromise
• MO applies for statehood-slave state• Upsets balance in Senate• Missouri-slave Maine-free• 36° 30° parallel• Settled slavery debate for the LA Territory
John Quincy Adams
• Secretary of State under Monroe• Established foreign policy guided by
Nationalism
U.S. Foreign Affairs1823 Monroe Doctrine
Hey Europe: Stay out of the Western Hemisphere!
• Spain ceded FL to the U.S. and gave up claims on Oregon Territory.