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7/27/2019 72490812 INF2007 Stockolm Guide to Implement Vacuum Waste Collection Process Envac
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E N V A C S G U I D E T o H A M M A R B y S j S T A D
Waste solutions in a sustainable urban development
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Hammarby Sjstad a beacon o sustainable urban development
The project began with the aspiration to become the host or the 2004Olympic Games. A very ambitious environmental concept was there-
ore developed. Although Stockholm and Hammarby Sjstad was un-
successul in its bid to host the Olympics, this city district has evolved
to become one o the fnest examples o sustainable urban develop-
ment in the world today. Every year, thousands o visitors come rom all
corners o the globe to draw inspiration rom the attractive architecture
and technological solutions. Envacs underground waste transporta-
tion system is a critical part o the districts sustainability programme.In this document, we hope to illustrate how Envacs solutions have
been integrated into residential environments and the environmental
liecycle or the beneft o the residents and our environment.
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High environmental goals led to ...
The City o Stockholm has im-
posed stringent environmen-tal requirements on buildings,
technical installations and the
trafc environment.
A specic environmental programme was
drawn up or Hammarby Sjstad with the
aim o halving the total environmental im-
pact in comparison with a district built in
the early 1990s. The strict environmental
requirements demanded completely new
environmental solutions. The Hammarby
Sjstad project oce employed a new
methodology under which sta rom di-
erent administrations/authorities sat in the
same premises, right rom day one o the
project.
The work has been conducted on an
interdisciplinary basis, thereby substantially
accelerating the decision-making process
and enabling the project to run extremely
smoothly.
Environmental goals
Land usage
Sanitary redevelopment, reuse and transor-mation o old brown eld sites into attractiveresidential areas with beautiul parks andgreen public spaces.
Energy
Renewable uels, biogas products and reuseo waste heat coupled with ecient energyconsumption in buildings.
Water & sewage
As clean and ecient as possible bothinput and output with the aid o newtechnology or water saving and sewagetreatment.
WasteThoroughly sorted in practical syste ms, withmaterial and energy recycling maximisedwherever possible.
Transportation
Fast, attractive public transport, combinedwith car pools and beautiul cycle paths, inorder to reduce private car usage.
Building materials
Healthy, dry and environmentally sound.
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Demands or environmentally sustainable waste handling led to ...
The amount o household waste that is generatedmust be reduced by at least 15 weight percentrom 2005 to 2010.
The amount o waste taken to disposal sites mustbe reduced.
Hazardous waste must be sorted separately andthe amount o this waste must be halved.
There must be a highly ecient system o sourceseparation o waste.
80 weight percent o ood waste must be sent tobiological treatment plants where nutrients andenergy contained in the waste can be recovered.
Transportation o waste in the area must bereduced.
Environmental objectives
or waste management in
Hammarby Sjstad
The principal environmental ob-
jectives or waste managementwere to reduce the total amount
o household waste, reduce
waste collection by heavy trafc
and introduce source separa-
tion.
In order to achieve these objectives, initia-
tives were introduced to create simple, ac-
cessible and hygienic waste management
systems.
One major dierence was that, unlike
previous waste management systems, it
was decided to make the new system so
attractive that its central location in the
residential district would be acceptable.
This is why the Envac inlets in many o the
blocks have been installed in easily acces-
sible locations and are clearly visible. Not
only does this make them a natural conver-
gence point or residents, it also provides a
social check on how the system is used.
For that reason, many Envac inlets have
been installed in central courtyards, right
next to playgrounds, bike sheds and gar-
dens.
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... an automated waste collection system rom Envac
Hammarby Sjstad will comprise more
than 11,000 apartments on the southern
shore o Lake Hammarby (most o them
constructed in the 2000s) and more than
2000 apartments on the northern shore
(constructed in the 1990s) when construc-
tion has been completed in the area in
2016.
All buildings around the lake will be con-
nected to an underground waste transpor-
tation system, bringing the total number to
our by completion date. These will man-
age the household and commercial waste
rom the both shores.
District No. o ats Envac
system
Waste
ractions
Start date
or frst phase
Norra Hammarbyhamnen/Barnngen 3000 Stationary Rest 1982
Sickla Udde/Sickla Kaj 2050 Mobile RestFood waste
2000
Hammarby Grd 2100 Stationary RestFood wasteNewspapers
2005
Lugnet/Henriksdalshamnen 3000 Stationary RestFood wasteNewspapers
2007
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Investment in a waste handling system
Create new values
For the environment. Less noise and reducedexhaust and carbon dioxide emissions due toreduced transport needs, stops, and loading/unloading.
For waste minimization. Users can be sup-plied with a personal card or transponder mak-ing it possible to record and measure each timethey use the waste system.
For source separation. Higher accessibilityor user, supplying neat and convenient wasteinlets or dierent ractions.
For the working environment. A better work-ing environment or the waste collectors. Noliting, no pulling and no risk o inection or cutsbecause all physical contact with the waste hasbeen eliminated.
For hygiene. Creates cleaner, more attractiveresidential areas and work places.
For the economy. The higher investment costis oset by the signicantly lower operating andmaintenance costs, and the considerable spacesavings.
For accessibility. Always accessible by theuser 24 hours a day, 365 days a year.
For user satisaction. Installation ater installa-tion shows much higher user satisaction thanwith traditional waste collection.
The decision to install Envacs
underground waste manage-ment system expresses a long-
term commitment with regard
to both the fnancial and eco-
logical benefts. Main eatures
o the Envac systems: reeing
up o space inside and outside
buildings, reduction o heavy
trafc and reduction o waste
management costs will beneft
both the building contractor and
the residents.
Joint ownership
Just as in many other places in Sweden,
the property owners in Hammarby Sjstad
jointly own the acility through a joint-prop-
erty association. The City o Stockholm
compensates the joint-property asso-
ciation by charging a greatly reduced rate
(as compensation or reduced collection
costs). Envac Service is commissioned by
the joint-property associations with the re-
sponsibility or operation and maintenance
o the acilities.
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Recycling demands, environmental awareness and technology
Since the collection o packag-
ing materials is not a local gov-ernment issue in Sweden, but
the responsibility o the individ-
ual companies producing the
materials, Hammarby Sjstad
has had to plan or two dier-
ent storage and collection sys-
tems.
Inlets connected to
Envacs vacuum system
Mixed reuse, organic ood waste and, in
most areas, newspapers too are collected
with the help o Envacs vacuum system.
Ideally, the inlets are centrally located in the
courtyards. However, in some places the
inlets are installed in entrance halls and in
reuse rooms.
Block-based recycling rooms
The packaging material is collected in con-
ventional bins using lorries (rear loaders).
The bin (each packaging raction has at
least one bin) is placed in a separate recy-
cling room in the building, rom where it is
manually wheeled out to the waste collec-
tion vehicle in the street.
The three ractions typically handled in Hammarby Sjstad by Envacs vacuum system
Combustible waste Organic waste Newspaper
Heat & energy Biosolids & biogas Newspaper
Combustible waste is transported to theHgdalenverket plant in southern Stockholm
where it is incinerated and recycled as heatingand electricity
Food waste is transported to Soelund in Hud-dinge where it is composted and turned into soil.
The ultimate aim is or ood waste to be convertedinto biogas and bio-ertilisers.
Newspaper are delivered to paper recyclingcompanies and then sent on to paper mills where
they are turned into new paper.
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The mainstay concept is the
use o underground pipes totransport waste and the use o
air to do the heavy work.
The airborne waste is easily transported
under the streets to a reception centre that
is located on the outskirts o the area.
Lorries can access the ull containers
without any problem and transport them to
the recycling centres, landlls or incinerator
acilities.
The stationary system
Most stationary systems
supplied today are
designed or source
separation.
Waste is disposed o into ordinary reuse1.chutes. One or each raction.
The waste is stored or a short while on a2.valve, which opens when the computer-con-trolled emptying process starts. One ractionis emptied and collected at a time.
All waste ractions are transported through3.the same pipe system at a speed o 70 km/h.
Fans create the partial vacuum that sucks the4.waste to the collection station.
The waste is guided to the corre ct container.5.
The transport air is cl eaned through lters6.beore being released.
The largest ractions are compressed.7.
1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
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In the collection station, the air used
or transportation is separated rom the
waste/recyclables and ltered beore being
released to the atmosphere.
Compactors are used or ecient load-
ing o containers at the station. The ull
containers are then picked up by a hook-li t
vehicle (see photo above).
A compactor is used to compre ss the waste inthe container (above let).
A series o ans create the ne cessary negativepressure in the pipe system (above right).
Each stationary system has a control room (let).
A so-called F Container is used or the oodwaste. The waste is sucked straight into thecontainer (the green pipe). The air is conveyedthrough a lter at the top o the container andexits the container through the blue pipe (right).
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A mobile waste collection sys-
tem ends up in underground
tanks that are emptied by suc-
tion vehicles.
For the people who live or work in the area,
a mobile system unctions in precisely the
same way as a stationary system. Waste
bags are placed in inlets located indoors or
outdoors. The waste is stored in a closed
tank below ground. The storage tanks are
linked together by docking points via an
underground network o pipes.
The docking points are strategically
located so that collection vehicles do not
need to drive into constricted areas, such
as backyards and narrow lanes.
The waste is thrown into a disposal chute.1.It is possible to extend the system by addingmore inlets, e.g. inlets or more ractions.
Containers are emptied one at a time and2.the process is computer controlled.
All waste is sucked through the same3.system o pipes at a speed o 90 km/h.
A vacuum pump creates the pressure4.that conveys the waste via the docking pointto the vehicle.
The air is passed through lter s to remove5.any impurities beore being expelled out-doors.
The mobile system
Mobile systems
are suitable or small
residential areas
1 1
3
4 5
2
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The mobile system is highly suitable or
small residential areas. Not all properties
have to be connected to the system, mak-
ing it more fexible in this respect than the
stationary system. Mobile waste systems
may also advantageously be installed in
older buildings.
The inlet can also be integrated into buildings,e.g. next to entrance halls (above let).
Centrally-located inlets, clearly visible or all resi-dents, help ensure the system is used correctly(right).
Docking points discreetly installed at street level(let).
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The frst residential area to be
built in Hammarby Sjstad was
Norra Hammarbyhamnen.
The rst phase o the vacuum system be-
came operational back in 1982. There are
now some 2300 households connected
to the system, including the more recently
built area called Barnngen. This was con-
nected in 2003.
In Norra Hammarbyhamnen, inlets have
been installed in the courtyards and in-side the buildings. During the construction
phase in the early 1980s, the vacuum sys-
tem was modied with separate inlets and
containers in the terminal to allow or the
collection o both mixed waste and organic
ood waste. However, until today the city o
Stockholm has not initiated a separate col-
lection o organic waste in the area, where-
ore the ood waste is incinerated along
with the waste raction instead.
The terminal building is located inside
a rock shelter but is still easily accessible
or lorries collecting and delivering the con-
tainers.
The stationary system at Norra Hammarbyhamnen/Barnngen
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Facts Norra Hamarbyhamnen/
Barnngen
Length o pipe system ca 5500 m
Capacity 3.1 tons waste/day
No o ractions one:rest
No o inlets 200
Apartments 3000
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The stationary system at Hammarby Grd
The frst buildings in Hammarby
Grd were connected to the
Envac system at the end o
2005. The terminal was ofcially
opened by Viviann Gunnarsson,
the deputy mayor o Stockholm
and Environmental Commis-
sioner, in January 2006.
Approximately hal o the 2095 apartments
scheduled or connection to the Envac sys-tem were connected by the end o 2007.
The system handles three separate rac-
tions mixed waste, newspapers and ood
waste. The vacuum system also serves
quite a number o small local businesses,
including restaurants and shops, reeing
up space in these commercial premises
space that can be put to better use.
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Facts Hammarby Grd
Length o pipe system ca 4600 m
Capacity 4.3 tons waste/day
No o ractions three:restood wastepaper
No o inlets 203
Apartments 2100
The collection terminal on Textilgatan is
a compact and unctional building that
blends in well with the other industrial ar-chitectural styles o nearby buildings, such
as the thermal power plant that recovers
heat rom sewage water.
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The entire district, with a total o
3000 apartments, will be con-
nected to a waste vacuum ter-
minal that will be located either
in Henriksdalsberget next to
Lugnets service road junction
or down by Lake Hammarby.
This district is being built in three stages.
Stage 1, Lugnet 650 apartments ready
or occupancy in 20072008. Stage 2,Henriksdalshamnen, construction o 900
apartments starts in 2008 or occupancy in
20092010. Stage 3, the area along Hen-
riksdalsberget ater rerouting o the motor-
way has been completed. Construction o
1450 apartments due to start in 2011 and
ready or occupancy in 20132016.
The entire district, with a total o 3000
apartments, will be connected to a waste
vacuum terminal that will be located eitherin Henriksdalsberget next to Lugnets serv-
ice road junction or down by Lake Ham-
marby. Plans are to install a pipe network
and terminal in collaboration with the City
o Stockholm. It is also hoped a structure
can be devised that will enab le Envac to be
responsible directly to the property owners
or the acility as a whole. It is also proposed
The stationary system at Lugnet and Henriksdalshamnen
that Envac assumes operating responsibil-ity or a period o 25 years. Connections
to the main network and inlets are paid
straight to Envac by the property owners.
The Envac system will handle three rac-
tions (mixed waste, newspapers and ood
waste). Furthermore, a number o public
waste paper bins along the path by Lake
Hammarby will be connected to the system.
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Facts Lugnet/Henriksdalshamnen
Length o pipe system ca 2400 m
Capacity 3.8 tons waste/day
No o ractions three:restood wastepaper
No o inlets 54
Apartments 3000
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The mobile system at Sickla Udde and Sickla Kaj
There was some uncertainty
over the pace o development
or Hammarby Sjstad when
it was announced that Stock-
holm and Hammarby Sjstad
would not be hosting the 2004
Olympic Games.
And since there was no great demand
or housing in the area, it was decided to
invest in a mobile waste system at SicklaUdde instead o a stationary.
Initially, the intention was to use the
mobile vacuum system to handle three
separate ractions mixed waste, ood
waste and newspapers. Ater a while, it
became apparent that the mobile system
was experiencing diculties with the pneu-
matic conveyance o newspapers. It was
thereore decided to temporarily close the
newspaper raction. Instead, newspapersare now collected along with other pack-
aging rom the recycling rooms in each
building.
The mobile vacuum vehicle collects
each raction once a week. The docking
points are located along the major thor-
oughares. This reduces the number o
heavy vehicles in the residential area.
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Facts Sickla Udde and Sickla Kaj
Length o pipe system ca 3350 m
Capacity 3.5 tons waste/day
No o ractions two:rest andood waste
No o inlets 180
No o docking points 8
Apartments 2050
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Inormation to users
It is vital to keep users regu-
larly updated and well inormed
about how all source separa-
tion systems work and how
they should be used.
Inormation to residents in
Hammarby Sjstad is provided
in two ways:
GlashusEtt is the name o the eco centre
in Hammarby Sjstad where residents cantake hazardous waste or correct disposal
and get inormation on what to do with the
various kinds o waste. All residents collect
their biodegradable bags or ood waste
rom the GlashusEtt centre. People mov-
ing to Sjstaden are always presented with
a welcome package that contains a waste
inormation guide.
Envac and the property owners provideresidents and users with regular inorma-
tion. Envac also has sta on the boards o
several o the joint-property associations
and is thereore well able to provide imme-
diate answers to questions and requests
concerning waste collection in the area.
Vissteduattdelaravdittavfallrluftburetunderjord?
En r rl le n ein m ut e lin h f r ljnin
ut m tier e f ll in mlin tem. f llettr n -
rter i lutn r r tem un erm r . e rl nin
lir lin mlin m tr n rt r re hmermilj -
m i . r f ll l nin rnn erhel rl en, till
h me ien rl en h t n er, T i ei1 1
iT i n.
I NFORMA T I ON TI L L A L L A HUS H L L OM A VFA L L S I NS A ML IN G
ME D SO PS UG
1
v llet t ine tet. e ten t m ,h elt t r tyrt,ett t n en.
llt v ll
u en m mm r r y tem ien h ti het v 7 m h. Fl t r r etv uum h lu t-
e m tr n rter r v llettillm tt nin t ti nen. r tyr etinir tt nt iner. Lu ten
ren inn n en l ut. L t il rh mt r nt inr rn rvi retr n rttill tervinnin .
F rmerinf rm ti n e k .env .e eller
m il in fr rtillinf env . e
1
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Henriksdalshamnen
Lugnet
Sickla Udde
Sickla Kaj
Luma
Hammarby Lake
Hamm
arbyle
den
Sicklakanal
Danvikstull
Mrtensdal
Hammarby Grd
Norra Hammarbyhamnen
Barnngen
Facts Hammarby Sjstad when fully built year 2016
Length pipe sstem ca 16,000 m
Capacit 15 tns waste/da
N inlets 640
N dcking pints 11
Apartments 10,150
Stationary systems
Pipes with inlets
Cllectin Terminals
Mobile system
Pipes with inlets
Dcking pints
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ENVAC HEAD OFFICE
ENVAC CENTRALSUG AB, SE- 117 84 Stckhlm, Sweden
Vis it rs: B rg gvg en 16, Tel : +46 (0)8 775 32 00,
www.envac.net, [email protected]
We have fces in the llwing cuntries. Fr detailed cntact inrmatin, please visit www.envac.net
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