1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 3

Relieving Devices) ----------------------------------------- 1 ----------------------------------------- 1 ----------------------------------------- 3 ----------------------------------------- 5 ----------------------------------------- 8 (Relieving Load Calculation) ----------------------------------------- 10 ----------------------------------------- 10 ----------------------------------------- 14 ----------------------------------------- 18 ----------------------------------------- 20 (Safety and Relief Valve)

(Pressure

3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4

----------------------------------------- 10 ----------------------------------------- 14 ----------------------------------------- 18 ----------------------------------------- 20

4 ----------------------------------------- 22 4.1 (Explosion hatch) ----------------------------------------- 22 4.2 (Venting Devices) 6.1 ----------------------------------------- 23 6.2 ----------------------------------------- 23 6.3 ----------------------------------------- 26 6.4 ----------------------------------------- 27 4.3 (Blowdown Devices) 7.1 ----------------------------------------- 28 7.2 ----------------------------------------- 28 7.3 ----------------------------------------- 28 7.4 (Depressuring Valve) ----------------------------------------- 28 7.5 (Liquid Blowdown Valve) ----------------------------------------- 30 7.6 ----------------------------------------- 30 4.4 ----------------------------------------- 30 MISCELLATION LOAD CALCULATION

-----------------------------------------

31

1 .

(Pressure

Relieving Devices)

PSV, RUPTURE DISC, BREATHER VALVE, EMERGENCY HATCH EMERGENCY VENTING VALVE .

1.1

. , . .

process

,

1.2 1.2.1 () - Overpressure, () - Discharge, () - Relieving, MAWP - Rupture Disc, - PSV, - Control Valve 1) Contingency ()

-

. , . 2) Emergency () .

3) Single Risk ( ) .

4) Pressure Relief Devices ( ) (, , ) .

PSV

Rupture Disc, Breather Valve, Emergency Hatch . 5) Blowdown Device ( ) 2 , , , . vapor Vapor Depressuring Valve, Liquid Liquid Blow Down Valve, Vapor Blow Down Valve . 6) Safety and Relief Valve () Upstream Static Pressure . API Relief Valve Upstream Pressure , Safety Valve Pop Up Action . PSV . Conventional Balanced PSV 1.4

7) Drain

bottom .

.

8) Vent Top . .

1.2.2 1) () (Operating Temperature) . , . 2) (Design Pressure) . 1.2.3 1) (Operating Pressure) . top 2)

.

() . . . .

3)

4)

5)

6)

7)

(MAWP) , . ( ). . (Set Pressure) PSV . 1 PSV . . PSV PSV PSV 105%( 110%) . Accumulation . Accumulation 10%( 21%) 2nd PSV 5%( 11%) . Back Pressure PSV PSV .(1.3 ) a) Superimposed Back Pressure - PSV . PSV . b) Built Up Back Pressure - PSV . . Built Up Back Pressure = Superimposed Back Press. + PSV header Spring Pressure Conventional Spring Pressure 5) Superimposed Back Pressure . Balanced Spring Pressure . Maximum Relieving Pressure ( )

PSV . ( ) 110%( 121%) . 8) Start-to-open Pressure PSV 9) Opening Pressure PSV Lift . 10) Over Pressure PSV PSV 11) Accumulation PSV Vessel MAWP MAWP . 12) Spring PSV a) Pressure Rating - PSV Class b) Reseating Pressure - Opening Pressure . ( ) c) Blow Down - Opening Pressure Reseating Pressure d) Seal off - Maximum Relieving Pressure . ( ) 1.3(Emergency) (Contingency) . .

2 . Control valve failure CW failure . , 2 . . .

Risk . Risk Max. Single Risk . . , .

Fail-safe device automatic start-up equipment Interlock system safety valve .(API RP 521 Ssec 2.2 ) 1.3.1 Single Fire Risk Single Fire Risk . Single Fire Risk . 6m Single Fire Risk drain . 230-460m2 (17-24m) , poll fire , 7.6 m .(API RP 520 D4, API RP 521 sec 3.19.2.2, API RP 521 sec 5.2.2, API RP

521 A4) 1.3.2 Utility Failure Utility Utility Failure . Utility utility Utility Failure . Utility Utility . steam turbine steam . Utility Failure . 1) Electric Failure , , .

a)

. .

(steam turbine, gas turbine )

AC

b) c)

2 , . 2

2

2 . , , Spot network . (), . , , . .

2) Cooling Water Failure Header Block valve . Utility Header . Header

3) Steam Failure

Main Block Valve Steam

4) Air Failure IA Failure . Utility . Control valve normally open Air failure function emergency . Air Steam, Cooling Water .

5) Fuel Failure .

1.3.3 , , 1.3.4

, , , .

.

sizing

1.3.5 1.3.6 1.3.7 1.4 1.4.1 . , .

1.4.2 PSV (Safety and Relief Valve) .

PSV

Spring , Lever Weighte Spring .

,

Pilot

.

1) Spring Spring Spring Conventional Balance . Conventional Back Pressure Built-up Back Pressure PSV (gauge) 10% Balance . balance Piston Bellose Bellose. (API RP 520 Par 2.4.4) Bellose PSV disc Back Pressure Bellose Back Pressure . Balance PSV Back Pressure size Built-up Back Pressure(gauge) 50% . PSV .

Spring PSV Lever PSV . O Ring PSV . Spring PSV Lift Nozzle , , (Discharge coefficient) . PSV size

Blowdown .

2) Pilot Pilot . Utility . Pilot . a) ( 95%) b) ( ) c) Blowdown d) pickup .(API RP 521 sec 5.4.1.1) Spring , 1 kg/cm2G , coking

.

pickup .(API RP 521 sec

5.4.1.1)

1.4.3 (Rupture Disc) .

1) 2) 3) 4) 5)

Spring PSV

PSV PSV PSV ( Spring PSV PSV .)

ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Sect. VIII, Div.1 UG-127 .

1.4.4 (Venting devices) 1) Breather Valve Breather Valve tank system . tank . tank , pumping tank . Breather Valve , lever, spring . Breather Valve 6 . 2) (Vacuum relief Valve)

Vacuum relief Valve Breather Valve . 3) (Pressure relief Valve) Pressure relief Valve Breather Valve . 1.4.5 (Explosion Hatch) . (hinge) . .

vapor . Explosion Door . 5 . 1.4.6 Liquid seals 1kg/cm2G . Flare seal drum liquid seal . Liquid seal U , , . 1.5

1.5.1 . .

1.5.2 Tower, Vessel, Tank (Storage tank ) ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Section VII Div.1 UG-125, UG-126 . . (HPGCL) . . 1.5.3 .

1.5 , . 2) Block Valve . 1.5.4 Pump 1) Casing Pump . 2) Pump, Screw Pump, Gear Pump . 1.8 kg/cm2, 10% .

1)

1.5.5

Block Valve, Restriction Orifice

.

Block Valve CSO . Block Valve .

Feed

100%

. .

1) Feed 2) Coking 3) Purge Multi-Pass Block Valve Pass . Pump Shut off press. , . 1.5.6 Surface Condenser Condenser Turbine . sizing 4.3.7 . 1.5.7 (Back Pressure) Pump Driver .

.

10 kg/cm2G

.

Casing . 7 kg/cm2G Casing . Process sizing . 110% Casing .

1.5.8 Compressor 1) ,

Casing Surging . Casing . 2) Block . 110%, 1.8 kg/cm2 . 3) Flare . 4) . Surging . Surging . 5) Drain, Separator .

1.5.9 Boiler Boiler ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Section I , . 1.5.10 Process

inch

.

Yard

Drain Overpressure . Overpressure . 1) 1 inch By pass line check valve Block Valve . check valve By Pass Line Block Valve , By Pass Block Valve . 2) Line 1 inch . Tank block Valve / CSO block vlave , . Tank Basin . pressure Pump Shut off Pressure

,

3)

Block Block Valve 1 inch By pass Breather Valve .

2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5

(Relieving Load Calculation) ----------------------------------------- 10 ----------------------------------------- 10 ----------------------------------------- 14 ----------------------------------------- 18 ----------------------------------------- 20

4.2.1 .

4.2.2

~4.2.7 , . 1) 2) Process 3) Risk . , . 4.2.2 .

W = (61,000 F A^0.82 + H) / L (538~1093)

20~60 . (API RP 520 sec D.8.3.1, API RP 521 sec 3.15.2.2 sec 3.15.2.3)

W = [2.61 {(650 - t) A^0.82 + H}] / L

W : (kg/h) F : (API RP 520 table D3, API RP 521 table A3, API RP 2000 table 4) Bare vessel : 1.0 Hot insulated vessel : 0.3 ~ 0.025 (inch) 1 2 4 6 8 10 12 4 (Btu/hrft2F/inch) F 0.3

2

1

0.67

0.5

0.4

0.33

0.15 0.075 0.05

( )

0.037 0.03 0.025 5 (65) (120) (180) (230) (290) (450)

Cold or PP insulated vessel : 1.0 water spray

0.0 ( ) vessel : 0.03 ( ) kcal/(m.h.) : (m) A : Wetted Area (m2) L : (kcal/kg) t : () H : (65-t) A (A : m2) [{kcal/(m2.h)} * A ] (A : m2) t 65 H .

: 1.0 Underground vessel : Underground :

Wetted Area A (API RP 520 table D2) - drum : Normal operating level up to height of 7.6 m. - column : Normal level + liquid hold up at tray + reboiler area up to 7.6 m. - ball tank : half of total area or up to 7.6 m, whichever is greater. - storage tank : Average inventory level up to height of 7.6m.(over 1.0 kg/cm2G))

API RP 520 D.5, 521 A.5

W=

21000 FA 0.82 L

W : (lb/h) F : (-) L : (Btu/lb)

A : Wetted Area (ft2) Water tank, steam drum, condensate drum HC vessel fire case . fluid 50 btu/lb , fluid .(API RP 521 A.6.1) * AIR FINNED COOLER AFC , FIN () BARE TUBE . - : BARE AREA 30% ( 4.2.3 tube rupture 1000 lb/in2 . (API RP 521 sec 3.18.2) API RP 521 ( 2) .

2/3

,

Q = A (2 g P /)

Q : (m3/s) : (-) : (-) A : (m2) g : (m/s2) P : (kg/m2) : () (kg/m3) API = 0.7 (API RP 521 ) A = (/4) (d/1000)^2 * 2 d = (mm)

W = 0.0175d 2 P (kg/h) .

(API)

, .

vena contracta . 2=1/(P1/P2)^(1/k) 2 Phase , ( 110%) Flash + .

4.2.4 (control valve) , Start up, Shut down . . (P1)

>= (P2) * 1.5 (= 1.7 Pop Pop