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There is a lot of variation between organisms, but some organisms also have many features in common.
How many features common to both cows and dolphins can you think of?
Common features
Compare a cow and a dolphin, you might think they do not have many things in common but you will be surprised.
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Common features
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Cows and dolphins have several features in common.
Many other organisms also share common features.
Scientists use common features to put organisms into groups. Grouping organisms based on their common features is called classification.
What is classification?
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Sort these organisms into four groups based on their similarities.
Classification – grouping organisms
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One way that a scientist might have grouped theseorganisms is to put them into the following four groups:
These groups come from the scientific system for classifying organisms.
Classification – grouping organisms
1. Plants
2. Birds
3. Mammals
4. Reptiles
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The classification system begins with very big groups that include a lot of organisms and then moves down to smaller groups made up of fewer organisms.
The biggest groups are called the kingdoms.
All living things are classified into five different kingdoms.
The classification system
plants protoctistaanimals monerafungi
living things
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The five kingdoms
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Which kingdom?
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Classifying animals
How can different types of animals be classified?
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Animal classification
invertebratesvertebrates
animals
Invertebrates are animals that do not have a backbone. They have soft inner bodies which are held in shape by a flexible covering of outer cells or by a hard covering called
an exoskeleton.
Vertebrates are animals that have a backbone. They have a firm body
because of the muscles that connect to their
skeleton.
The animal kingdom is divided into two groups:
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Animal classification
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Animal classification – activity
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Features of vertebrates
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Which type of vertebrate?
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Which classification group?
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whaletuna
perch
shark
sprat
sturgeon
trout
flounder
salmon
seahorse
In terms of classification, which of these organisms is the odd one out and why?
The odd one out
The whale is the odd one out. All of the rest are fish, a whale is a mammal.
whale
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ravenpenguin
platypus
duck
kiwi
swanrobin
eaglepigeon
owl
In terms of classification which of these organisms is the odd one out and why?
The odd one out
The platypus is the odd one out. All of the rest are birds, a platypus is a mammal.
platypus
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In terms of classification which of these organisms is the odd one out and why?
caterpillar
ladybird
ant
mothhorse fly
silverfish
scorpion
cockroach
lice
cicada
The odd one out
The scorpion is the odd one out. All of the rest are insects, a scorpion is an arachnid.
scorpion
