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Travel & Tourism

BY

Vinitha EmiliaSneha Thomas

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TRAVEL & TOURISM

EVOLUTION 2000 years Before Christ, in India and Mesopotamia

Travel for trade was an important feature since the beginning of civilisation.

600 BC and thereafter

The earliest form of leisure tourism can be traced as far back as the Babylonian and Egyptianempires.

In India, as elsewhere, kings travelled for empire building.

500 BC, the Greek civilisation

The Greek tourists travelled to sites of healing gods.

Inns were established in large towns and seaports to provide for travellers' needs.

This era also saw the birth of travel writing.

In the Middle Ages Travel became difficult and dangerous as people travelled for business or for a sense of obligation

and duty.

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Role of the industrial revolution in promoting travel in the west

The rapid urbanisation due to industrialisation led to mass immigration in cities.These people were lured into travel to escape their environment to places ofnatural beauty, often to the countryside they had come from change of routinefrom a physically and psychologically stressful jobs to a leisurely pace incountryside.

The development of the spas

The spas grew in popularity in the seventeenth century in Britain and a little laterin the European Continent as awareness about the therapeutic qualities of mineralwater increased.

The sun, sand and sea resorts

The sea water became associated with health benefits.

By the early eighteenth century, small fishing resorts sprung up in England

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Highlights of travel in the nineteenth century

Advent of railway initially catalysed businesstravel and later leisure travel. Gradually

special trains were chartered to only takeleisure travel to their destinations.

Tourism in the Twentieth Century

The birth of air travel and after

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PRODUCT

Travel and Tourism one of the world's largest foreign exchangeearner among industries, provides employment directly to millionsof people worldwide and indirectly through many associatedservice industries.

A very wide industry, it includes:

Government tourism departments, Immigration and customs services,

travel agencies,

airlines,

tour operators,

hotels

and many associated service industries such as airline catering orlaundry services, Guides, Interpreters, Tourism promotion and salesetc.

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TYPES OF TOURISM

Leisure travel

Winter tourism

Mass tourism

Ecotourism

Recession tourism

Medical tourism

Educational tourism

Creative tourism

Dark tourism Sports tourism

Latest trends

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PLACE

Not only the location of the tourist attraction

or facility but the location of points of sale

that provides customers with access to tourist

products.

Ex: I-site, Accommodation, Cafe

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PRICE

Used to achieve predetermined sales volume

and revenue objectives

It gives a preceived value in the eyes of the

customer

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PEOPLE

Traveller

Tourist

Meet their expectations

Employees Physical appearance, Knowledge, Grooming,

Trained The people who sell and service your product are an

extremely important part of tourism marketing. Friendlypersonal service and trained employees can make or break atourism business.

Because much of the tourism industry is based upon word of-mouth advertising particularly about the service received-what your customers say after they depart can thrust yourbusiness forward or send it into a downward spiral.

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PROCESS

There are different types of processes involved inrunning a tourism business

administration,

training,

planning and strategizing,

recruitment,

distribution,

purchasing and service delivery.

It is important to ensure that these processes are plannedand carried out properly so that operations runsmoothly and problems are rectified quickly

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PROMOTION

A range of activities can be used to convince

customers to buy the product, includinginformation kits, web sites, advertising,

personal selling, sales promotion, travelshows, and public relations.

Utilize tourist information centers, such aswelcome centers.

Participation with your state, regional andlocal tourism offices and associations.

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PHYSICAL EVIDENCE

The physical evidence of a tourism product

refers to a range of more tangible attributes of

the operations. Tangibalising the product is a

good way of giving positive and attractive

hints or cues to potential customers

with regard to the quality of the product.

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THANK YOU