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Biodiversity Conservation

The Philippine Setting

Biodiversity

genetic diversity

species diversity

ecosystem diversity

3 levels of biodiversity

1. Genetic diversity

2. Species diversity

3. Ecosystem diversity

In the Philippines:

Of the 1096 vertebrate animals, 177 of 556 birds, 58of the 63 amphibians, 111 of 203 mammals and 168 of

254 reptiles are endemic to the country

Of the 13,500 plant species, from 3,800 to 6000 areendemic

At least 2000 fish species are found in the Philippines

About 488 coral species in 78 genera (out of a worldcount of 500) occur in the Philippine seas

Biodiversity hotspots

A relatively small area with a great concentration of endemic species and many

endangered and threatened species

Terrestrialbiodiversityhot spots

Equator


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Medinilla magnifica Paphiopedilum adductum Rafflesia manillana

Some endemic wild flowers of the PhilippinesSome endemic land snails of the Philippines

Photo: U.Schmidt, 2007

Obba rota

Ryssota otaheitana

http://www.elrincondelmalacologo.com/Web%20fotos%20continentales%202/Helicarionidae.htm

Helicostyla rufogaster

http://www.ibid-shells.com/shell-details.php?id=3913

Trochomorpha sibuyanicahttp://www.firama.com/landsnails2/2544/index.asp

Photo: U.Schmidt, 2005

Calocochlia roissyana

Some endemic vertebrates of the Philippines

Batrachostomus septimus

(Philippine frogmouth)Haplonycteris fischeri

(Small fruitbat)

Tarsius syrichta

(Philippine tarsier)

Bubalus mindorensis

(Philippine tamaraw)

Pithecophaga jefferyi

(Philippine eagle)

Crocodylus mindorensis

(Philippine crocodile)

From Heaney and Regalado, Vanishing Treasures

Why is the Philippines rich in biodiversity?
http://www.elrincondelmalacologo.com/Web%20fotos%20continentales%202/Helicarionidae.htmhttp://www.ibid-shells.com/shell-details.php?id=3913http://www.ibid-shells.com/shell-details.php?id=3913http://www.firama.com/landsnails2/2544/index.asphttp://www.firama.com/landsnails2/2544/index.asphttp://www.firama.com/landsnails2/2544/index.asphttp://www.ibid-shells.com/shell-details.php?id=3913http://www.ibid-shells.com/shell-details.php?id=3913http://www.ibid-shells.com/shell-details.php?id=3913http://www.ibid-shells.com/shell-details.php?id=3913http://www.elrincondelmalacologo.com/Web%20fotos%20continentales%202/Helicarionidae.htm


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SE Asia Reconstructions

50-0 Ma

Robert Hall 1995

50

48 46

45 44


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43 42

41 40

39 38


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37 36

34 33

32 31


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30 29

24 23

22 21


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20 19

18 17

16 15


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14 13

12 11

10 9


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8 7

6 5

4 3


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1 0

Islands of the Philippines

during the last ice age (~10,000years ago)

Philippine Island Aggregate Complex (PIAC)

Conservation

protection, preservation, management,or restoration of wildlife and of natural

resources such as forests, soil, and

water


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Rainforestation Production

Plantation areas

Agrosystem areas

Restoration/Protection

Landslide-prone areas

Critical watersheds

Habitat restoration

Buffer zone

River stabilization

Urban Enhancement

Eco Park

Roadside beautification

Arboretums


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Posa M.R.C., Diesmos A.C., Sod hi N.S. & Brooks T.M. 2008. Hope for threa tened tropical

biodiversity: lessons from the Phi lippines. BioScience 58:231-240.

Posa M.R.C., Diesmos A.C., So dhi N.S. & Brooks T.M. 2008. Hope for threa tened tropical

biodiversity: lessons from th e Philippines. BioScience 58:231-240.

Posa M.R.C., Diesmos A.C., Sod hi N.S. & Brooks T.M. 2008. Hope for threa tened tropical

biodiversity: lessons from the Phi lippines. BioScience 58:231-240.

Posa M.R.C., Diesmos A.C., So dhi N.S. & Brooks T.M. 2008. Hope for threa tened tropical

biodiversity: lessons from th e Philippines. BioScience 58:231-240.


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END

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8 Biodiversity Conservation MARCH13